laion/moss-va-sft3-quality-speed-dpo-lora

MOSS VA SFT3 — quality + speed DPO LoRA, 75/25 (rank 16)

<!-- moss-tied-heads-warning -->

⚠️ Do not merge this adapter into the base weights

merge_and_unload(), merge_adapter(), and any offline "bake the LoRA into the checkpoint" script will destroy the model irrecoverably. This is not a performance caveat. Read this before you write a deployment script.

Why

This adapter targets audio_lm_heads.0 … audio_lm_heads.11 and text_lm_head — 12 of its 23 target modules. In this architecture those output heads are weight-tied to the input embeddings: tie_weights() sets

audio_lm_heads[i].weight  IS  audio_embeddings[i].weight     # the same tensor, not a copy
text_lm_head.weight       IS  transformer.embed_tokens.weight

They are one allocation with two names. So when a merge adds B @ A * (alpha/r) into the head weight, it writes that delta straight into the embedding table at the same time. The model then reads its own inputs through a matrix that has been shifted by an output-side correction. Generation does not fail loudly — it degrades into noise or into a fixed babble, and the damage is inside the checkpoint you just saved. There is nothing to unmerge afterwards, because the original values are gone.

Verify it yourself in three lines

Do not take our word for it:

m = base.model if hasattr(base, "model") else base
print(m.audio_lm_heads[0].weight.data_ptr() == m.audio_embeddings[0].weight.data_ptr())
# True  -> same storage, merging corrupts the embeddings

What to do instead

Load with PEFT and leave the adapter unmerged. Set its strength through the scaling factor:

from peft import PeftModel

model = PeftModel.from_pretrained(base, "<this repo>", adapter_name="a").to(dev).eval()
# do NOT call model.merge_and_unload()

def set_weight(model, name, w):
    """Scale one named adapter's contribution.  alpha/r is its own base scaling."""
    for module in model.modules():
        scaling = getattr(module, "scaling", None)
        if isinstance(scaling, dict) and name in scaling:
            if not hasattr(module, "_base_scaling"):
                module._base_scaling = {}
            module._base_scaling.setdefault(name, scaling[name])
            scaling[name] = module._base_scaling[name] * float(w)

set_weight(model, "a", 1.0)
model.base_model.set_adapter(["a"])      # several adapters can be active at once

This sounds identical to a merge. An unmerged LoRA computes Wx + (B @ A)x * (alpha/r), which is exactly what the merged weight W + B @ A * (alpha/r) would compute — the same arithmetic, in a different order. You give up a small amount of inference speed and you keep the ability to change the weight, stack several adapters, or turn one off. Nothing about the sound changes.

If you are stacking adapters

Set each one's scaling separately and activate them together with model.base_model.set_adapter([...]). Note that stacking is not free: in our own measurements a deep stack held audio quality but destroyed intelligibility (word error 0.063 → 0.554). Add adapters deliberately and measure.

If you maintain code that merges

A regex over module names is not enough — the reliable test is identity of storage. Group the modules by weight.data_ptr() and refuse to merge into any group with more than one member. lora_bank.py in LAION-AI/Humaneness-Voice-Demo-Server does this and asserts on the merge path.

The sibling of `laion/moss-va-sft3-quality-dpo-lora`: the identical recipe on a corpus that is 75 % audio-quality pairs and 25 % speaking-speed pairs. Because the two runs differ in exactly one variable, the difference between them is attributable to the speed arm.

Read this first: like its sibling, this adapter does not improve generated audio quality in our evaluation. Best checkpoint +0.011 DNSMOS (t +0.26) against the base model — no effect. What it does show is an unintended and fairly striking training-dynamics result, described below.

What it was trained on, in plain language

75 % — quality pairs (24,379). The same recording twice: once cleaned by a speech enhancer, once raw. The model is nudged toward the cleaner one. Because both halves are the same take, it cannot learn "prefer a different voice" — only "prefer a cleaner signal".

25 % — speed pairs (8,126). The same recording twice: once at its natural speed, once time-stretched. The model is nudged toward the natural one. The sample is forced to 50/50 faster/slower even though the source is 59/41, because a pacing preference should be symmetric, and it is stratified by stretch magnitude so mild and extreme stretches both survive the cut.

The ratio lives in the data rather than in the sampler: the trainer's balancing mode alternates its two pools strictly 50/50 and has no ratio knob, so 75/25 had to be written into the corpus.

The speed arm was already solved before training began

At the very first optimizer step, with the learning rate at 5e-9 and nothing yet learned, the speed pairs were already classified correctly 100 % of the time while the quality pairs sat near chance. A preference decided by sequence length is not a task; it is a constant. Over the last 60 logged batches both families are at 1.000 (n = 118 and n = 362).

So the 25 % is dilution of the quality gradient — by design and confirmed by measurement.

The unintended finding: the mix drifts half as far

reward(chosen) measures how far the trained policy has moved from the supervised reference model. At matched fractions of each run:

Both end at preference accuracy 1.0000 with reward(rejected) negative. The quality-only run more than doubles its margin over the second half; this one stops moving after step 980.

The mechanism is simple once stated: pairs that are already solved contribute no gradient but still enter the length-normalised average, so an arm that is trivially correct acts as a brake on margin inflation, not merely as a slower path to the same place. If you are worried about DPO over-optimisation, a deliberately easy auxiliary arm is a cheap regulariser.

Whether the gentler adapter sounds better is untested. This is a statement about how far the policy moved, not about audio.

Results

16 prompts × 3 samples per checkpoint, all conditions from the same prompts under the same seed, samples averaged within a prompt first (n = 16, t over prompts). DNSMOS is the primary metric because it is what selected the quality training pairs.

Nothing here is significant in either direction. step1225 is notable only for leaving word error rate essentially untouched (+0.001).

For comparison, the quality-only sibling's best was +0.017 (t +0.45) and its worst −0.130 (t −2.05). Neither adapter beats the base model on DNSMOS.

How it was trained

Limitation carried from the data: all 24,379 quality pairs come from one enhancer (raw_sidon); a voice-conversion arm did not survive the gates. One tool's notion of "clean".

Inference

⚠️ Never merge this adapter into the base weights. Its target modules include audio_lm_heads.0 … audio_lm_heads.11, whose tensors share storage with audio_embeddings.N.weight (weight tying). Merging corrupts the embedding table irrecoverably.

import torch
from transformers import AutoConfig, AutoModel, AutoProcessor
from peft import PeftModel

BASE = "laion/moss-tts-local-transformer-4.55b-voice-acting-v2-sft3"
dev = "cuda:0"

proc = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained(BASE, trust_remote_code=True)
proc.audio_tokenizer = proc.audio_tokenizer.to(dev).eval()
cfg = AutoConfig.from_pretrained(BASE, trust_remote_code=True)
base = AutoModel.from_pretrained(BASE, trust_remote_code=True,
                                 dtype=torch.bfloat16,
                                 attn_implementation="sdpa").to(dev).eval()

model = PeftModel.from_pretrained(base, "laion/moss-va-sft3-quality-speed-dpo-lora",
                                  adapter_name="mix").to(dev).eval()
# do NOT call model.merge_and_unload()

batch = proc([[{"role": "user", "content": prompt, "audio_codes_list": []}]],
             mode="generation")
out = model.generate(input_ids=batch["input_ids"].to(dev),
                     attention_mask=batch["attention_mask"].to(dev).to(torch.bool),
                     max_new_tokens=340, do_sample=True,
                     temperature=1.0, top_p=0.95, top_k=50)

Another checkpoint:

model = PeftModel.from_pretrained(base, "laion/moss-va-sft3-quality-speed-dpo-lora",
                                  subfolder="checkpoints/step1225", adapter_name="mix")

Adapter strength (base scaling is α/r = 32/16 = 2.0; all measurements used w = 1.0):

for module in model.modules():
    scaling = getattr(module, "scaling", None)
    if isinstance(scaling, dict) and "mix" in scaling:
        module.scaling["mix"] = 2.0 * w

Prompt format

Trained under prompt format hash 090c4ca315519a57 (inherited from the rate stage). A duration-only script is byte-identical to the project's standard 073aeb09dc923376, so ordinary prompts work unchanged.

Checkpoints

checkpoints/step{245,735,1225,1962} — exactly the four that were evaluated. Nothing is published here without numbers. The root copy is step245.

Related

• —Base model: `laion/moss-tts-local-transformer-4.55b-voice-acting-v2-sft3`
• —Initialised from: `laion/moss-va-sft3-rate-lora`
• —Quality-only sibling: `laion/moss-va-sft3-quality-dpo-lora`
• —General-purpose DPO adapter: `laion/moss-va-sft3-dpo-lora-p2`