dice-research/amharic-property-retriever-mbert

SentenceTransformer based on google-bert/bert-base-multilingual-cased

This is a sentence-transformers model finetuned from google-bert/bert-base-multilingual-cased. It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 768-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.

Model Details

Model Description

• —Model Type: Sentence Transformer
• —Base model: google-bert/bert-base-multilingual-cased <!-- at revision 3f076fdb1ab68d5b2880cb87a0886f315b8146f8 -->
• —Maximum Sequence Length: 64 tokens
• —Output Dimensionality: 768 dimensions
• —Similarity Function: Cosine Similarity <!-- - Training Dataset: Unknown --> <!-- - Language: Unknown --> <!-- - License: Unknown -->

Model Sources

• —Documentation: Sentence Transformers Documentation
• —Repository: Sentence Transformers on GitHub
• —Hugging Face: Sentence Transformers on Hugging Face

Full Model Architecture

SentenceTransformer(
  (0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 64, 'do_lower_case': False, 'architecture': 'BertModel'})
  (1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 768, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': True, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
)

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

pip install -U sentence-transformers

Then you can load this model and run inference.

import json
from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer, util

# load trained model
model = SentenceTransformer("dice-research/amharic-property-retriever-mbert")

# input field you want to test
query = "book's ቋንቋ"


# load all candidate properties from dataset
properties = set()

with open("dice-research/amharic-property-mapping", "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
    for line in f:
        row = json.loads(line)
        properties.add(row["property_text"])

properties = list(properties)

# compute embeddings
query_emb = model.encode(query, convert_to_tensor=True, normalize_embeddings=True)
prop_emb = model.encode(properties, convert_to_tensor=True, normalize_embeddings=True)

# compute similarity
scores = util.cos_sim(query_emb, prop_emb)[0]

# get top 5 predictions
top_k = 5
top_results = scores.topk(top_k)

print("Input:", query)
print("\nTop 5 predictions:")

for idx, score in zip(top_results.indices, top_results.values):
    print(properties[idx], score.item())

<!--

Direct Usage (Transformers)

<details><summary>Click to see the direct usage in Transformers</summary>

</details> -->

<!--

Downstream Usage (Sentence Transformers)

You can finetune this model on your own dataset.

<details><summary>Click to expand</summary>

</details> -->

<!--

Out-of-Scope Use

List how the model may foreseeably be misused and address what users ought not to do with the model. -->

Evaluation

Metrics

Information Retrieval

• —Dataset: dev-ir
• —Evaluated with <code>InformationRetrievalEvaluator</code>

<!--

Bias, Risks and Limitations

What are the known or foreseeable issues stemming from this model? You could also flag here known failure cases or weaknesses of the model. -->

<!--

Recommendations

What are recommendations with respect to the foreseeable issues? For example, filtering explicit content. -->

Training Details

Training Dataset

• —Size: 1,224 training samples
• —Columns: <code>anchor</code> and <code>positive</code>
• —Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples: | | anchor | positive | |:--------|:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:--------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | type | string | string | | details | <ul><li>min: 5 tokens</li><li>mean: 7.17 tokens</li><li>max: 11 tokens</li></ul> | <ul><li>min: 3 tokens</li><li>mean: 3.52 tokens</li><li>max: 8 tokens</li></ul> |
• —Samples: | anchor | positive | |:-----------------------------|:--------------------| | <code>case's header</code> | <code>title</code> | | <code>airline's ንብረቶች</code> | <code>assets</code> | | <code>person's እናት</code> | <code>mother</code> |
• —Loss: <code>MultipleNegativesRankingLoss</code> with these parameters:

  {
      "scale": 20.0,
      "similarity_fct": "cos_sim",
      "gather_across_devices": false
  }

Evaluation Dataset

• —Size: 186 evaluation samples
• —Columns: <code>anchor</code> and <code>positive</code>
• —Approximate statistics based on the first 186 samples: | | anchor | positive | |:--------|:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:--------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | type | string | string | | details | <ul><li>min: 5 tokens</li><li>mean: 7.16 tokens</li><li>max: 12 tokens</li></ul> | <ul><li>min: 3 tokens</li><li>mean: 3.51 tokens</li><li>max: 9 tokens</li></ul> |
• —Samples: | anchor | positive | |:----------------------------------|:-------------------| | <code>soccer player's ዓመታት</code> | <code>years</code> | | <code>case's rowclass</code> | <code>class</code> | | <code>type's accessyear</code> | <code>year</code> |
• —Loss: <code>MultipleNegativesRankingLoss</code> with these parameters:

  {
      "scale": 20.0,
      "similarity_fct": "cos_sim",
      "gather_across_devices": false
  }

Training Hyperparameters

Non-Default Hyperparameters

• —eval_strategy: epoch
• —per_device_train_batch_size: 32
• —per_device_eval_batch_size: 64
• —learning_rate: 2e-05
• —num_train_epochs: 4
• —warmup_ratio: 0.1
• —load_best_model_at_end: True
• —batch_sampler: no_duplicates

All Hyperparameters

<details><summary>Click to expand</summary>

• —overwrite_output_dir: False
• —do_predict: False
• —eval_strategy: epoch
• —prediction_loss_only: True
• —per_device_train_batch_size: 32
• —per_device_eval_batch_size: 64
• —per_gpu_train_batch_size: None
• —per_gpu_eval_batch_size: None
• —gradient_accumulation_steps: 1
• —eval_accumulation_steps: None
• —torch_empty_cache_steps: None
• —learning_rate: 2e-05
• —weight_decay: 0.0
• —adam_beta1: 0.9
• —adam_beta2: 0.999
• —adam_epsilon: 1e-08
• —max_grad_norm: 1.0
• —num_train_epochs: 4
• —max_steps: -1
• —lr_scheduler_type: linear
• —lr_scheduler_kwargs: None
• —warmup_ratio: 0.1
• —warmup_steps: 0
• —log_level: passive
• —log_level_replica: warning
• —log_on_each_node: True
• —logging_nan_inf_filter: True
• —save_safetensors: True
• —save_on_each_node: False
• —save_only_model: False
• —restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint: False
• —no_cuda: False
• —use_cpu: False
• —use_mps_device: False
• —seed: 42
• —data_seed: None
• —jit_mode_eval: False
• —bf16: False
• —fp16: False
• —fp16_opt_level: O1
• —half_precision_backend: auto
• —bf16_full_eval: False
• —fp16_full_eval: False
• —tf32: None
• —local_rank: 0
• —ddp_backend: None
• —tpu_num_cores: None
• —tpu_metrics_debug: False
• —debug: []
• —dataloader_drop_last: False
• —dataloader_num_workers: 0
• —dataloader_prefetch_factor: None
• —past_index: -1
• —disable_tqdm: False
• —remove_unused_columns: True
• —label_names: None
• —load_best_model_at_end: True
• —ignore_data_skip: False
• —fsdp: []
• —fsdp_min_num_params: 0
• —fsdp_config: {'minnumparams': 0, 'xla': False, 'xlafsdpv2': False, 'xlafsdpgrad_ckpt': False}
• —fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: None
• —accelerator_config: {'splitbatches': False, 'dispatchbatches': None, 'evenbatches': True, 'useseedablesampler': True, 'nonblocking': False, 'gradientaccumulationkwargs': None}
• —parallelism_config: None
• —deepspeed: None
• —label_smoothing_factor: 0.0
• —optim: adamwtorchfused
• —optim_args: None
• —adafactor: False
• —group_by_length: False
• —length_column_name: length
• —project: huggingface
• —trackio_space_id: trackio
• —ddp_find_unused_parameters: None
• —ddp_bucket_cap_mb: None
• —ddp_broadcast_buffers: False
• —dataloader_pin_memory: True
• —dataloader_persistent_workers: False
• —skip_memory_metrics: True
• —use_legacy_prediction_loop: False
• —push_to_hub: False
• —resume_from_checkpoint: None
• —hub_model_id: None
• —hub_strategy: every_save
• —hub_private_repo: None
• —hub_always_push: False
• —hub_revision: None
• —gradient_checkpointing: False
• —gradient_checkpointing_kwargs: None
• —include_inputs_for_metrics: False
• —include_for_metrics: []
• —eval_do_concat_batches: True
• —fp16_backend: auto
• —push_to_hub_model_id: None
• —push_to_hub_organization: None
• —mp_parameters:
• —auto_find_batch_size: False
• —full_determinism: False
• —torchdynamo: None
• —ray_scope: last
• —ddp_timeout: 1800
• —torch_compile: False
• —torch_compile_backend: None
• —torch_compile_mode: None
• —include_tokens_per_second: False
• —include_num_input_tokens_seen: no
• —neftune_noise_alpha: None
• —optim_target_modules: None
• —batch_eval_metrics: False
• —eval_on_start: False
• —use_liger_kernel: False
• —liger_kernel_config: None
• —eval_use_gather_object: False
• —average_tokens_across_devices: True
• —prompts: None
• —batch_sampler: no_duplicates
• —multi_dataset_batch_sampler: proportional
• —router_mapping: {}
• —learning_rate_mapping: {}

</details>

Training Logs

• —The bold row denotes the saved checkpoint.

Framework Versions

• —Python: 3.9.2
• —Sentence Transformers: 5.1.2
• —Transformers: 4.57.6
• —PyTorch: 2.8.0+cu128
• —Accelerate: 1.10.1
• —Datasets: 4.5.0
• —Tokenizers: 0.22.2