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legalnlpresearcher/legal-statutory-triage-sft

Indian Criminal Legal NLP: Colloquial-to-Statutory BNS Triage Dataset This repository provides an instruction-tuning and evaluation corpus designed for citizen-facing criminal statutory triage under India's substantive penal code, the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS, 2023), alongside historical cross-referencing to the legacy Indian Penal Code (IPC, 1860). 1. Overview and Scope With the legislative enactment of the BNS replacing the IPC, citizens and legal aid… See the full description on the dataset page: https://huggingface.co/datasets/legalnlpresearcher/legal-statutory-triage-sft.

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Indian Criminal Legal NLP: Colloquial-to-Statutory BNS Triage Dataset

This repository provides an instruction-tuning and evaluation corpus designed for citizen-facing criminal statutory triage under India's substantive penal code, the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS, 2023), alongside historical cross-referencing to the legacy Indian Penal Code (IPC, 1860).

1. Overview and Scope

With the legislative enactment of the BNS replacing the IPC, citizens and legal aid systems face a significant transitional challenge: translating informal, distress-driven vernacular queries into precise statutory classifications.

This dataset addresses three primary challenges in legal NLP:

  • —Colloquial-to-Statutory Semantic Gap: Bridging informal, non-technical descriptions of criminal incidents to formal legal sections.
  • —Temporal Disambiguation: Resolving pre-trained model bias toward legacy IPC sections by grounding outputs in corresponding BNS provisions.
  • —Civil vs. Criminal Boundary Enforcement: Explicitly filtering and identifying out-of-scope civil disputes to prevent penal misclassification.

2. Repository File Structure

File NameFormatRoleDescription
bns_ipc_dataset_final_dense.jsonlJSONLPrimary Training SetCurated instruction-response pairs mapping citizen queries to verified BNS penal sections, definitions, IPC cross-references, key points, and actionable guidance.
bns_ipc_dataset_skipped_dense.jsonlJSONLNegative / Evaluation SetQueries that fell below the dense semantic relevance threshold (e.g., pure civil disputes, non-criminal grievances, ambiguous claims).
bns_ipc_dataset_raw.jsonlJSONLPre-Filtering BaselineRaw synthetic generations prior to dense vector validation and structural standardization.
BNS_IPC_Enriched.csvCSVStatutory Knowledge BaseReference dictionary containing BNS section numbers, statutory definitions, corresponding IPC section numbers, and colloquial search terms.

3. Data Schema

Training and Evaluation Records (.jsonl)

Each line in bns_ipc_dataset_final_dense.jsonl is a JSON object containing the following keys:

json
{
  "instruction": "Someone broke into my house at night, what are my rights to defend my property?",
  "output": "Section 43: Commencement and continuance of right of private defence of property\n\nExplanation: Defence of property begins with reasonable apprehension of danger and continues until thieves retreat with property or authorities intervene, robber-inflicted threats or restraint cease, trespass or mischief ends, or housebreaking by night and associated trespass are over.\n\nHistorical Context: formerly IPC Section 105\n\nKey Points:\n- The right of private defence of property begins when there is a reasonable apprehension of danger to the property.\n- The defence continues until the danger has ceased or the property has been recovered.\n\nActionable Advice:\n- If you reasonably believe someone has broken into your house at night, you have the right to defend your property.\n- You can use reasonable force to protect your property and prevent further trespass or mischief.\n- Once the intruder has retreated with the property or authorities have intervened, you should cease your defence and cooperate with the authorities.",
  "bns_section_applied": "43"
}