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kitsuiwebster/Palma-1.0

Palma-1.0 Dataset Comprehensive Database of Global Palm Species Palma-1.0 is a comprehensive exploration of palm species, including the PalmTraits 1.0 dataset enriched with data from GBIF, iNaturalist, Wikimedia Commons, and Plants of the World Online (POWO). Dataset Overview Palma-1.0 contains comprehensive data on 2,557 palm species across 181 genera. The dataset combines morphological traits, taxonomic classification, geographic distribution… See the full description on the dataset page: https://huggingface.co/datasets/kitsuiwebster/Palma-1.0.

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Dataset Card

Palma-1.0 Dataset

Comprehensive Database of Global Palm Species

Palma-1.0 is a comprehensive exploration of palm species, including the PalmTraits 1.0 dataset enriched with data from GBIF, iNaturalist, Wikimedia Commons, and Plants of the World Online (POWO).

Dataset Overview

Palma-1.0 contains comprehensive data on 2,557 palm species across 181 genera. The dataset combines morphological traits, taxonomic classification, geographic distribution, and detailed fruit characteristics, enhanced with information from multiple authoritative sources.

Key Statistics

  • —2,557 Species - Comprehensive coverage of palm biodiversity
  • —181 Genera - Representing the taxonomic breadth of the Arecaceae family
  • —120+ Countries - Global distribution across tropical and subtropical regions
  • —35 Variables - Covering taxonomy, morphology, geography, and fruit characteristics

Dataset Structure

The dataset is organized into several major categories of variables:

1. Taxonomy

VariableDescriptionExample
SpecNameComplete scientific name of the speciesAcanthophoenix crinita
accGenusTaxonomic genusAcanthophoenix
accSpeciesSpecies epithetcrinita
PalmTribeTaxonomic tribeAreceae
PalmSubfamilySubfamily within ArecaceaeArecoideae

2. Native Zone & Common Names

VariableDescriptionExample
NativeRegionPrimary native geographic regionEC. & SE. Réunion
CommonNamesENCommon names in EnglishEverglades palm, paurotis palm
CommonNamesFRCommon names in FrenchPalmiste rouge, Palmiste boure
CommonNamesSPCommon names in Spanishtasiste
PhotosURLs to species photographs[URL links to images]
PhotoReferencesAttribution for photographs(c) Aurélien Bour, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC)

3. Growth & Habit

VariableDescriptionExample
ClimbingClimbing growth habit (0/1)0
AcaulescentWithout an above-ground stem (0/1)0
ErectUpright growth pattern (0/1)1
StemSolitarySingle stem vs. clustering (0/1)1
StemArmedPresence of spines on stem (0/1)1
MaxStemHeight_mMaximum height (m)15
MaxStemDia_cmMaximum stem diameter (cm)20
UnderstoreyCanopyGrowth position in forest structurecanopy

4. Leaf Characteristics

VariableDescriptionExample
LeavesArmedPresence of spines on leaves (0/1)1
MaxLeafNumberMaximum number of leaves15
MaxBladeLength_mMaximum leaf blade length (m)2.3
MaxRachisLength_mMaximum rachis length (m)3
MaxPetiolelength_mMaximum petiole length (m)0.65

5. Fruit Characteristics

VariableDescriptionExample
AverageFruitLength_cmAverage fruit length (cm)0.65
MinFruitLength_cmMinimum fruit length (cm)0.6
MaxFruitLength_cmMaximum fruit length (cm)0.7
AverageFruitWidth_cmAverage fruit width (cm)0.5
MinFruitWidth_cmMinimum fruit width (cm)0.5
MaxFruitWidth_cmMaximum fruit width (cm)0.9
FruitSizeCategoricalCategorical fruit sizesmall
FruitShapeFruit shape descriptionovoid
FruitColorDescriptionDetailed description of fruit colorsblack
MainFruitColorsDominant colors of ripe fruitblack
ConspicuousnessVisibility of the fruitcryptic

Data Sources

Primary Dataset

  • —PalmTraits 1.0: The foundational dataset containing morphological and ecological data for palm species worldwide.

Enrichment Sources

  1. 1.GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility)
  2. 2.Over 1.8 million palm observations
  3. 3.Provides occurrence data and taxonomic information
  1. 1.iNaturalist
  2. 2.Over 250,000 palm observations
  3. 3.Citizen science platform with photo documentation
  1. 1.POWO (Plants of the World Online)
  2. 2.Definitive source for accepted taxonomy
  3. 3.Maintained by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
  1. 1.Wikimedia Commons
  2. 2.Repository of CC-licensed palm images
  3. 3.Used for visual documentation of species

Methodology

The dataset was developed through the following process:

  1. 1.Data Collection
  2. 2.Primary data extracted from PalmTraits 1.0
  3. 3.Enriched with API queries to GBIF, iNaturalist, and POWO
  1. 1.Taxonomic Harmonization
  2. 2.Reference taxonomy from POWO used as standard
  3. 3.Resolution of synonymies and taxonomic inconsistencies
  1. 1.Validation and Cleaning
  2. 2.Rigorous validation to identify and correct outliers
  3. 3.Manual verification of inconsistent records using scientific literature
  1. 1.Geospatial Enrichment
  2. 2.Addition of environmental information from global geospatial layers
  3. 3.Characterization of ecological niches
  1. 1.Analysis and Visualization
  2. 2.Statistical methods applied to explore patterns
  3. 3.Visualization of distribution and trait relationships

Available Formats

The dataset is available in multiple formats:

  • —CSV (comma-separated values)
  • —JSON (JavaScript Object Notation)
  • —Plain text

All available for download from the Palma Encyclopedia Website in the Dataset section, or directly from this repository.

Citation

If you use this dataset in your research, please cite:

Palma-1.0: A global database of palm functional traits, based on PalmTraits 1.0 and enhanced with GBIF, 
iNaturalist, Wikimedia Commons and POWO data (2025). Encyclopedia of Palms Project.

License

This dataset is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).

Contact

For questions, suggestions, or collaboration inquiries, please open an issue in this repository or contact:

Email: contact@kitsuiwebster.com Twitter: @kitsuiwebster