CoolFace
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math-ai/BlueMO

BlueMO 🚀 BlueMO: A Comprehensive Collection of Challenging Mathematical Olympiad Problems from the Little Blue Book Series   BlueMO is a comprehensive and challenging dataset comprising mathematical olympiad problems paired with detailed solutions, meticulously curated from the esteemed "Little Blue Book" (小蓝书) series (Second Edition)—a vital resource for Chinese students training for national and international olympiad math competitions. Designed to… See the full description on the dataset page: https://huggingface.co/datasets/math-ai/BlueMO.

sourceHugging Facecc-by-nd-4.0updated 8mo agoView on Hugging Face
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1{2    "source_file": "./raw_volume-zh/volume5/chapter9.tex",3    "problem_type": "calculation",4    "problem": "例7. (1) 若 $x 、 y 、 z$ 为不全相等的正整数,求 $(x+y+z)^3-27 x y z$ 的最小值;\n(2) 若 $x 、 y 、 z$ 为全不相等的正整数,求 $(x+y+z)^3-27 x y z$ 的最小值.",5    "solution": "解:(1)\n$$\n\\begin{aligned}\n& (x+y+z)^3-27 x y z \\\\\n= & x^3+y^3+z^3+3\\left(x^2 y+y^2 z+z^2 x\\right)+3\\left(x y^2+y z^2+z x^2\\right)+6 x y z \\\\\n& -27 x y z \\\\\n= & (x+y+z)\\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-x y-y z-z x\\right)+3\\left(x^2 y+y^2 z+\\right.\n\\end{aligned}\n$$\n$$\n\\begin{aligned}\n& \\left.z^2 x+x y^2+y z^2+z x^2-6 x y z\\right) \\\\\n= & \\frac{x+y+z}{2}\\left[(x-y)^2+(y-z)^2+(z-x)^2\\right]+3\\left[x(y-z)^2+\\right. \\\\\n& \\left.y(z-x)^2+z(x-y)^2\\right] .\n\\end{aligned}\n$$\n不妨设 $x \\geqslant y \\geqslant z$, 则 $z \\geqslant 1, y \\geqslant 1, x \\geqslant 2$.\n于是\n$$\n\\begin{aligned}\n& (x+y+z)^3-27 x y z \\\\\n\\geqslant & \\frac{1+1+2}{2} \\cdot\\left[(x-y)^2+(y-z)^2+(z-x)^2\\right]+3\\left[(y-z)^2+\\right. \\\\\n& \\left.(z-x)^2+(x-y)^2\\right] \\\\\n= & 5 \\cdot\\left[(x-y)^2+(y-z)^2+(z-x)^2\\right] \\\\\n\\geqslant & 10 .\n\\end{aligned}\n$$\n因此 $(x+y+z)^3-27 x y z \\geqslant 10$, 且等号当 $(x, y, z)=(2,1,1)$ 时取到.\n(2) 不妨设 $x>y>z$, 则 $z \\geqslant 1, y \\geqslant 2, x \\geqslant 3$.\n由第(1)小题,\n$$\n\\begin{aligned}\n(x+y+z)^3-27 x y z \\geqslant & \\frac{6}{2} \\cdot\\left[(x-y)^2+(y-z)^2+(z-x)^2\\right]+3 \\cdot[3(y \\\\\n& \\left.-z)^2+2(z-x)^2+(x-y)^2\\right] \\\\\n\\geqslant & 3 \\cdot\\left(1^2+1^2+2^2\\right)+3 \\cdot\\left(3 \\cdot 1^2+2 \\cdot 2^2+1^2\\right) \\\\\n= & 54 .\n\\end{aligned}\n$$\n因此 $(x+y+z)^3-27 x y z \\geqslant 54$, 且等号当 $(x, y, z)=(3,2,1)$ 时取到.",6    "remark": "说明第(1) 小题等价于下列命题:\n对于不全相等的正整数 $a 、 b 、 c$, 有\n$$\n\\frac{a+b+c}{3} \\geqslant \\sqrt[3]{a b c+\\frac{10}{27}} . \\label{eq1}\n$$\n当然, 式\\ref{eq1}也可以用以下方法(增量代换)来证明:\n证明不妨设 $1 \\leqslant a \\leqslant b \\leqslant c, b=a+x, c=a+y$. 则 $x, y \\geqslant 0$, 且 $x$ 、 $y$ 不全为 $0(x \\leqslant y)$.\n此时, \\ref{eq1}式等价于证明:\n$$\n9 a\\left(x^2-x y+y^2\\right)+(x+y)^3 \\geqslant 10 .\n$$\n由于 $a \\geqslant 1, x^2-x y+y^2 \\geqslant 1, x+y \\geqslant 1$, 上式显然成立, 并且等号当 $a=1, x^2-x y+y^2=1, x+y=1$, 即 $(a, x, y)=(1,0,1)$ 时取到.",7    "figures": []8}