math-ai/BlueMO
BlueMO 🚀 BlueMO: A Comprehensive Collection of Challenging Mathematical Olympiad Problems from the Little Blue Book Series BlueMO is a comprehensive and challenging dataset comprising mathematical olympiad problems paired with detailed solutions, meticulously curated from the esteemed "Little Blue Book" (小蓝书) series (Second Edition)—a vital resource for Chinese students training for national and international olympiad math competitions. Designed to… See the full description on the dataset page: https://huggingface.co/datasets/math-ai/BlueMO.
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1{2 "source_file": "./raw_volume-zh/volume4/exercise1.tex",3 "problem_type": "calculation",4 "problem": "问题21. 设 $n$ 为给定的自然数, $n \\geqslant 3$, 对于 $n$ 个给定的实数 $a_1, a_2, \\cdots, a_n$, 记\n$\\left|a_i-a_j\\right|(1 \\leqslant i<j \\leqslant n)$ 的最小值为 $m$, 求在\n$$\na_1^2+\\cdots+a_n^2=1\n$$\n时, $m$ 的最大值.",5 "solution": "不妨设 $a_1 \\geqslant a_2 \\geqslant \\cdots \\geqslant a_n$, 则 $a_i-a_j \\geqslant(i-j) m$. $\\sum_{1 \\leqslant i<j \\leqslant n}\\left(a_i-a_j\\right)^2= (n-1) \\sum_{i=1}^n a_i^2-2 \\sum_{1 \\leqslant i<j \\leqslant n} a_i a_j=(n-1) \\sum_{i=1}^n a_i^2-\\left[\\left(\\sum_{i=1}^n a_i\\right)^2-\\sum_{i=1}^n a_i^2\\right] \\leqslant n \\sum_{i=1}^n a_i^2=$ n. 另一方面, $\\sum_{1 \\leqslant i<j \\leqslant n}\\left(a_i-a_j\\right)^2 \\geqslant m^2 \\sum_{1 \\leqslant i<j \\leqslant n}(i-j)^2=m^2 \\sum_{k=1}^{n-1}(n-k) \\cdot k^2= \\frac{m^2 n^2\\left(n^2-1\\right)}{12}$. 所以 $n \\geqslant \\frac{m^2 n^2\\left(n^2-1\\right)}{12}$, 即 $m \\leqslant \\sqrt{\\frac{12}{n\\left(n^2-1\\right)}}$. 且当 $\\left|a_i\\right|$ 成等差数列, $\\sum_{i=1}^n a_i=0$ 时等号成立.\n故 $m$ 的最大值为 $\\sqrt{\\frac{12}{n\\left(n^2-1\\right)}}$.",6 "remark": "",7 "figures": []8}