math-ai/BlueMO
BlueMO 🚀 BlueMO: A Comprehensive Collection of Challenging Mathematical Olympiad Problems from the Little Blue Book Series BlueMO is a comprehensive and challenging dataset comprising mathematical olympiad problems paired with detailed solutions, meticulously curated from the esteemed "Little Blue Book" (小蓝书) series (Second Edition)—a vital resource for Chinese students training for national and international olympiad math competitions. Designed to… See the full description on the dataset page: https://huggingface.co/datasets/math-ai/BlueMO.
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1{2 "source_file": "./raw_volume-zh/volume14/exercise18.tex",3 "problem_type": "calculation",4 "problem": "问题8. 能否用 2009 种颜色将所有正整数如下染色:\n(1) 每种颜色的数都有无穷多个;\n(2)不存在三个两两不同色的正整数 $a, b, c$, 满足 $a=b c$ ?",5 "solution": "能.\n取 2008 个素数 $p_1<p_2<\\cdots<p_{2008}$. 构造正整数集合 $\\mathbf{N}^*$ 的子集 $A_1$, $A_2, \\cdots, A_{2009}$ 如下: $A_1$ 表示所有被 $p_1$ 整除的数所组成的集合; $A_2$ 表示所有被 $p_2$ 整除但不被 $p_1$ 整除的数所组成的集合; $\\cdots \\cdots . . . A_{2008}$ 表示所有被 $p_{2008}$ 整除但不被 $p_1, p_2, \\cdots, p_{2007}$ 整除的数所组成的集合; $A_{2009}$ 表示所有不被 $p_1$, $p_2, \\cdots, p_{2008}$ 整除的数所组成的集合.\n则 $A_1, A_2, \\cdots, A_{2009}$ 两两不交且并集为 $\\mathbf{N}^*$.\n此时, 对任意 $x \\in A_m, y \\in A_n, m<n$, 有 $p_m \\mid x$, 故 $p_m \\mid x y$; 另一方面, $x, y$ 均不被 $p_1, p_2, \\cdots, p_{m-1}$ 整除,故 $x y$ 不被 $p_1, p_2, \\cdots, p_{m-1}$ 整除.\n从而 $x y \\in A_m$.\n故将每个集合 $A_i$ 各染上一种颜色即满足题意.",6 "remark": "",7 "figures": []8}