CoolFace
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math-ai/BlueMO

BlueMO 🚀 BlueMO: A Comprehensive Collection of Challenging Mathematical Olympiad Problems from the Little Blue Book Series   BlueMO is a comprehensive and challenging dataset comprising mathematical olympiad problems paired with detailed solutions, meticulously curated from the esteemed "Little Blue Book" (小蓝书) series (Second Edition)—a vital resource for Chinese students training for national and international olympiad math competitions. Designed to… See the full description on the dataset page: https://huggingface.co/datasets/math-ai/BlueMO.

sourceHugging Facecc-by-nd-4.0updated 8mo agoView on Hugging Face
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1{2    "source_file": "./raw_volume-zh/volume14/chapter4.tex",3    "problem_type": "calculation",4    "problem": "例10. 给出斐波那契数列 $\\left\\{F_n\\right\\}$ 如下: $1,1,2,3,5,8, \\cdots$ (自第 3 项起, 每项等于前两项之和). 试问, 在数列的前一亿项中, 是否会有某项是 10000 的倍数?",5    "solution": "解:结论是肯定的.\n为方便起见,约定 $F_0=0$.\n设 $f_n$ 是 $F_n$ 除以 10000 所得的余数 $(n \\in \\mathbf{N})$, 则 $0 \\leqslant f_n \\leqslant 9999$, 因此根据抽屉原理, 在 $10000^2+1=10^8+1$ 对整数对 $\\left(f_n, f_{n+1}\\right)\\left(0 \\leqslant n \\leqslant 10^8\\right)$ 中必有两对相同, 不妨设 $\\left(f_p, f_{p+1}\\right)=\\left(f_q, f_{q+1}\\right)$, 其中 $p, q \\in \\mathbf{N}, 0 \\leqslant p<q \\leqslant 10^8$, 此时 $F_p \\equiv F_q, F_{p+1} \\equiv F_{q+1}(\\bmod 10000)$.\n若 $p \\geqslant 1$, 则根据递推关系得\n$$\nF_{q-1}=F_{q+1}-F_q \\equiv F_{p+1}-F_p=F_{p-1}(\\bmod 10000),\n$$\n以下依次有\n$$\nF_{q-2} \\equiv F_{p-2}, \\cdots, F_{q-p+1} \\equiv F_1, F_{q-p} \\equiv F_0=0(\\bmod 10000) .\n$$\n若 $p=0$, 则 $F_{q-p} \\equiv F_0=0(\\bmod 10000)$ 仍成立.\n显然 $F_{q-p}>0$, 故 $F_{q-p}$ 是 10000 的倍数, 且 $1 \\leqslant q-p \\leqslant 10^8$, 说明 $F_{q-p}$ 的确是前一亿项中的一项.\n结论成立.",6    "remark": "注:本例若直接递推或构造出某项是 10000 的倍数固然直截了当, 但显然困难重重, 而作为一个存在性命题, 抽屉原理也许是解决的办法之一.\n本例中用的是通过剩余类制造抽屉的方法, 然而若单纯地证明存在两项关于模 10000 同余并无多大用处, 关键在于如何使同余关系不断\"前置\", 最终得到某项与 $F_0=0$ 同余.\n考虑到有 $F_{n-1}=F_{n+1}-F_n$, 我们只需说明存在两个数组 $\\left(F_n, F_{n+1}\\right)$, 它们每个分量对应同余即可, 而这点仍可用抽屉原理给出证明.",7    "figures": []8}