math-ai/BlueMO
BlueMO 🚀 BlueMO: A Comprehensive Collection of Challenging Mathematical Olympiad Problems from the Little Blue Book Series BlueMO is a comprehensive and challenging dataset comprising mathematical olympiad problems paired with detailed solutions, meticulously curated from the esteemed "Little Blue Book" (小蓝书) series (Second Edition)—a vital resource for Chinese students training for national and international olympiad math competitions. Designed to… See the full description on the dataset page: https://huggingface.co/datasets/math-ai/BlueMO.
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1{2 "source_file": "./raw_volume-zh/volume13/exercise1.tex",3 "problem_type": "calculation",4 "problem": "问题3. 设 $a_1, a_2, \\cdots, a_n$ 是 $1,2, \\cdots, n$ 的一个排列, 求 $S_n=\\left|a_1-1\\right|+\\mid a_2- 2|+\\cdots+| a_n-n \\mid$ 的最大值.",5 "solution": "解:的关键是去掉绝对值符号.\n注意到 $\\left|a_i-i\\right|$ 等于 $a_i-i$ 或 $i-a_i$,\n因此, 去掉绝对值符号后, 和式中负号的个数不变.\n即不论 $a_1, a_2, \\cdots, a_n$ 如何排列, 去掉绝对值符号后, 和式中均有 $n$ 个负号.\n这样, 当 $n$ 为偶数, $S_n \\leqslant n+n+(n-1)+(n-1)+\\cdots+\\left(\\frac{n}{2}+1\\right)+\\left(\\frac{n}{2}+1\\right)-\\frac{n}{2}-\\frac{n}{2}-\\cdots-1- 1=\\frac{n^2}{2}$. 当 $n$ 为奇数, 可得类似结果.\n总之, $S_n \\leqslant\\left[\\frac{n^2}{2}\\right]$. 又当 $\\left(a_1, a_2, \\cdots\\right.$, $\\left.a_n\\right)=(n, n-1, n-2, \\cdots, 2,1)$ 时, $S_n=\\left[\\frac{n^2}{2}\\right]$. 所以 $S_n$ 的最大值为 $\\left[\\frac{n^2}{2}\\right]$.",6 "remark": "",7 "figures": []8}