math-ai/BlueMO
BlueMO 🚀 BlueMO: A Comprehensive Collection of Challenging Mathematical Olympiad Problems from the Little Blue Book Series BlueMO is a comprehensive and challenging dataset comprising mathematical olympiad problems paired with detailed solutions, meticulously curated from the esteemed "Little Blue Book" (小蓝书) series (Second Edition)—a vital resource for Chinese students training for national and international olympiad math competitions. Designed to… See the full description on the dataset page: https://huggingface.co/datasets/math-ai/BlueMO.
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1{2 "source_file": "./raw_volume-zh/volume11/exercise4.tex",3 "problem_type": "calculation",4 "problem": "问题7. 用 $1,2,3,4$ 可组成多少个含偶数个 1 的 $n$ 位数?",5 "solution": "首位数字为 1 时, 余下 $n-1$ 位数是含奇数个 1 的 $n-1$ 位数有 $4^{n-1}- a_{n-1}$ 个; 首位数字不为 1 时,首位数字有 3 种不同取法余下 $n-1$ 余数字有 $a_{n-1}$ 种取法, 这样的 $n$ 位数有 $3 a_{n-1}$ 个, 故 $a_n=4^{n-1}-a_{n-1}+3 a_{n-1}=2 a_{n-1}+4^{n-1}$ 并且显然 $a_1=3$. 于是 $\\frac{a_n}{4^n}=\\frac{1}{2} \\frac{a_{n-1}}{4^{n-1}}+\\frac{1}{4}$, 令 $b_n=\\frac{a_n}{4^n}$ 则 $b_n=\\frac{1}{2} b_{n-1}+\\frac{1}{4}$, 即 $b_n- \\frac{1}{2}=\\frac{1}{2}\\left(b_{n-1}-\\frac{1}{2}\\right)$, 所以 $b_n-\\frac{1}{2}=\\left(b_1-\\frac{1}{2}\\right)\\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^{n-1}=\\left(\\frac{3}{4}-\\frac{1}{2}\\right)\\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^{n-1}= \\frac{1}{2^{n+1}}$, 故 $a_n=4^n b_n=4^n\\left(\\frac{1}{2^{n+1}}+\\frac{1}{2}\\right)=\\frac{1}{2}\\left(2^n+4^n\\right)$.",6 "remark": "",7 "figures": []8}