CoolFace
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math-ai/BlueMO

BlueMO 🚀 BlueMO: A Comprehensive Collection of Challenging Mathematical Olympiad Problems from the Little Blue Book Series   BlueMO is a comprehensive and challenging dataset comprising mathematical olympiad problems paired with detailed solutions, meticulously curated from the esteemed "Little Blue Book" (小蓝书) series (Second Edition)—a vital resource for Chinese students training for national and international olympiad math competitions. Designed to… See the full description on the dataset page: https://huggingface.co/datasets/math-ai/BlueMO.

sourceHugging Facecc-by-nd-4.0updated 8mo agoView on Hugging Face
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1{2    "source_file": "./raw_volume-zh/volume1/exercise3.tex",3    "problem_type": "calculation",4    "problem": "问题16 设 $S$ 为十进制中至多有 $n$ 位数字的所有非负整数所成的集合, $S_k$ 由 $S$ 中那些数字之和小于 $k$ 的元素组成.\n对于怎样的 $n$, 有 $k$ 存在, 使得 $|S|= 2\\left|S_k\\right|$ ?",5    "solution": "对于任一个 $n$ 位数 $A=\\overline{a_1 a_2 \\cdots a_n}\\left(0 \\leqslant a_i \\leqslant 9, i=1,2, \\cdots, n\\right)$, 对应 $A \\rightarrow B=\\overline{b_1 b_2 \\cdots b_n}$ 是位数不超过 $n$ 的所有非负整数的集合到它自身的一个双射, 其中 $b_i=9-a_i, i=1,2, \\cdots, n$. 若记 $d(A)=a_1+a_2+\\cdots+a_n$, 则 $d(A)+d(B)=9 n$. 由此可见, 对于任意 $0<k \\leqslant 9 n, d(A)<k$ 的充分必要条件是 $d(B)>9 n-k$. 因而有 $\\left|\\left\\{A \\mid d(A)<\\frac{9 n}{2}\\right\\}\\right|=\\left|\\left\\{A \\mid d(A)>\\frac{9 n}{2}\\right\\}\\right|$.\n当 $n$ 为奇数时, $\\frac{9 n}{2}$ 不是整数, 故 (1) 中左右两端的集合之并集为 $S$, 所以当 $k=\\left[\\frac{9 n}{2}\\right]+1$ 时, $|S|=2\\left|S_k\\right|$. 当 $n$ 为偶数时, $\\frac{9 n}{2}$ 是整数, 当 $k==\\frac{9 n}{2}$ 时, $|S|> 2\\left|S_k\\right|,|S|<2\\left|S_{k+1}\\right|$, 这时满足要求的 $k$ 不存在.",6    "remark": "",7    "figures": []8}