Lego-MT/Parallel_Dataset

1{"src_lang": "ka", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "2011 წელს დუროვი 7,9 მილიარდ რუბლს ფლობდა და რუსი მილიარდერების რეიტინგში 350-ე ადგილს იკავებდა.", "target": "He decided to leave seat of manager April 1st of 2014. He was succeeded by Boris Dobrodeev. Pavel is also called ''Russian Mark Zuckerberg''."}2{"src_lang": "ka", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "გაეროს გენერალური ასამბლეის რეზოლუცია 68/262 მიიღეს 2014 წლის 27 მარტს, გაეროს 68-ე სხდომაზე რუსეთის მიერ ყირიმის ანექსიის საპასუხოდ. არასავალდებულო რეზოლუციამ, რომელსაც მხარი 100-მა სახელმწიფომ დაუჭირა, ვალდებული გახადა გაეროს გენერალური ასამბლეა ეღიარებინა უკრაინის ტერიტორიული მთლიანობა და არ ეღიარებინა ყირიმის რეფერენდუმი. თერთმეტმა ქვეყანამ არ დაუჭირა მხარი რეზოლუციას, 58-მა თავი შეიკავა, ხოლო 24-ის წარმომადგენელი უბრალოდ არ იყოს.", "target": "United Nations General Assembly Resolution 68/262 was adopted on March 27, 2014 by the sixty-eighth session of the United Nations General Assembly in response to the Russian annexation of Crimea and entitled \"Territorial integrity of Ukraine\". The non-binding resolution, which was supported by 100 United Nations member states, affirmed the General Assembly's commitment to the territorial integrity of Ukraine within its internationally recognized borders and underscored the invalidity of the 2014 Crimean referendum. Eleven (11) nations voted against the resolution, while 58 abstained, and a further 24 states were absent when the vote took place."}3{"src_lang": "ka", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "რეზოლუცია შეადგინეს და წარმოადგინეს კანადამ, კოსტა რიკამ, გერმანიამ, ლიტვამ, პოლონეთმა და უკრაინამ. რეზოლუციას წინ უძღოდა გაეროს უსაფრთხოების საბჭოს წარუმატებელი ცდები, რომელმაც მოიწვია შვიდი სხდომა ყირიმის კრიზისის გადასაწყვეტად. წინააღმდეგობა ამას რუსეთის ვეტომ გაუწია.", "target": "The resolution was introduced by Canada, Costa Rica, Germany, Lithuania, Poland and Ukraine[1]. The adoption of the resolution was preceded by the unsuccessful attempts of the United Nations Security Council, that convened seven sessions to address the Crimean crisis, only to face Russian veto[2]."}4{"src_lang": "ka", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "ასევე ნახეთ", "target": "See also"}5{"src_lang": "ka", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "გაერო", "target": "United Nations"}6{"src_lang": "ka", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "რესურსები ინტერნეტში", "target": "Weblinks"}7{"src_lang": "ka", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "http://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/68/262 http://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/68/262&referer=https://ka.wikipedia.org/&Lang=R", "target": "Complete text of the Resolution 68/262"}8{"src_lang": "ka", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "ლუის რუდოლფ ფრანც შლეგელბერგერი (23 ოქტომბერი, 1876, კენინგსბერგი — 14 დეკემბერი, 1970, ფლენსბურგი) — გერმანელი პოლიტიკოსი და მესამე რაიხის პოლიტიკური მოღვაწე. ნაცისტურ გერმანიაში იკავებდა სამართლიანობის მინისტრის პოსტს. გაასამართლეს ნიურნბერგის პროცესზე.", "target": "Louis Rudolph Franz Schlegelberger (23 October 1876 in Königsberg – 14 December 1970 in Flensburg) was a German politician. In the time of the Third Reich, he was a minister of justice. He was an accused of the Judges' Trial in Nuremberg."}9{"src_lang": "ka", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "ვერნიკეს არე ტვინის ზონაა და წარმოადგენსცერებრალური ქერქის მეტყველებასთან დაკავშირებული ორი ნაწილიდან ერთ-ერთს (მეორე არის ბროკას არე ). იგი მონაწილეობს წერილობითი და სამეტყველო ენის წარმოებაში.", "target": "Wernicke's area is an area of the brain. It is one of the two parts of the cerebral cortex linked to speech (the other is Broca's area). It is involved in the production of written and spoken language."}10{"src_lang": "ka", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "ვერნიკეს არე მდებარეობს ბროდმანის რეგიონ 22-ში, დომინანტურ ცერებრალურ ნახევარსფეროში. დომინანტური ნახევარსფერო მარცხენაა მემარჯვენე ინდივიდების 95% -ში, ხოლო მემარცხენეთა შემთხვევაში - 60% -ში. [1] [2]", "target": "It is in Brodmann area 22, in the dominant cerebral hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is the left in about 95% of right handed individuals, and 60% of left handed individuals.[1][2]"}11{"src_lang": "ka", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "ბროკას წილის მსგავსად, ვერნიკეს წილიც იმ ავადმყოფების აუტოპსიის საშუალებით აღმოაჩინეს, ვისაც მეტყველების პრობლემები ახასიათებდათ. გერმანელ ნევროლოგ კარლ ვერნიკეს ჰყავდა პაციენტი, რომელსაც საკმაოდ კარგად შეეძლო ლაპარაკი, მაგრამ ვერ იგებდა სხვის ნათქვამს. პაციენტის გარდაცვალების შემდეგ, ვერნეკემ საფეთქლის წილის ზედა ნაწილში იპოვა დაზიანება. მან სწორად ივარაუდა, რომ ხსენებული ზონა პასუხისმგებელი იყო ნათქვამის სწორად გააზრებაზე. ამ ტიპის აფაზია ცნობილია როგორც ვერნიკეს აფაზია, ან აღქმადი აფაზია.", "target": "As with Broca's area, Wernicke's area was discovered by autopsies of patients who had speech difficulties. Carl Wernicke, a German neurologist, had a patient who could speak quite well, but was unable to understand the speech of others. After the patient's death, Wernicke found damage to an area at the upper portion of the temporal lobe, just behind the auditory cortex."}12{"src_lang": "ka", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "კოპანის მონასტერი — ტიბეტური ბუდისტური მონასტერი რომელიც მდებარეობს ნეპალში, ბოდჰნათჰის სიახლოვეს. დაარსდა 1969 წელს. მონასტერი დაარსებული იქნა ორი ნეპალელი ლამის, ტუბტენ ეშესა და ტუბტენ ზოპა რინპოჩეს მიერ.", "target": "Kopan Monastery is a Tibetan Buddhist monastery near Boudhanath, on the outskirts of Kathmandu, Nepal. It belongs to the FPMT, an international network of Gelugpa dharma centers, and once served as its headquarters."}13{"src_lang": "ka", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "პას ვეგა, 2009 წ", "target": "Paz Vega, 2009"}14{"src_lang": "ka", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "პას ვეგა (სრული სახელი: '''პას კამპოს ვიგო''' ; დ. 2 იანვარი, 1976)[1] — ესპანელი ქალი მსახიობი .", "target": "Paz Vega (also Paz Campos Trigo; born January 2, 1976)[1] is a Spanish actress."}15{"src_lang": "ka", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "2004 წელს ფილმში „სპანგლიში“ მან ითამაშა ფლორ მორენოს როლი.", "target": "In the 2009 movie Triage, she played Elena."}16{"src_lang": "ka", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "[2] ჰყავს მეუღლე, ორსონ სანჩესი და სამი შვილი. 1998 წლიდან დღემდე ითამაშა 38 ფილმში.", "target": "In the 2004 movie Spanglish she played Flor Moreno.[2]"}17{"src_lang": "ka", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "სქოლიო", "target": "References"}18{"src_lang": "ka", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "მარიანა ტრევინიო ორტისი (დ.", "target": "Mariana Treviño (born 27 November 1977) is a Mexican actress."}19{"src_lang": "ka", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "27 ნოემბერი, 1977) – მექსიკელი კინოსა და თეატრის ქალი მსახიობი. მისი სამსახიობო კარიერა დაიწყო 2010 წელს. ნათამაშები აქვს 17 ფილმში.", "target": "She was known for her role as Lupita in the popular Mexican musical Mentiras.[1] She starred in other comedy movies No sé si cortarme las venas o dejármelas largas (2013) and Amor de Mis Amores (2014)."}20{"src_lang": "ka", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "რესურსები ინტერნეტში", "target": "Other websites"}21{"src_lang": "ka", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "17 თებერვალი, 1976) [1] - ამერიკელი მსახიობი და მოდელი . იგი ცნობილია კიმბერ ჰენრის როლით „Nip / Tuck“- ში . მან ითამაშა მოტოციკლეტის დაჯგუფების წევრი ფილმში „3000 Miles to Graceland“,", "target": "She is best known for playing Kimber Henry in Nip/Tuck. She played a motorcycle gang member in 3000 Miles to Graceland."}22{"src_lang": "ka", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "6 მაისი, 1993) — ინგლისელი მსახიობი და მომღერალი. იგი ცნობილია პრინცესა ჟასმინის როლის შესრულებით, დისნეის მუსიკალური ფანტაზიის ფილმში „ალადინი\"“ (2019) მან ასევე ითამაშა ფილმებში „Power Rangers“ (2017) და კომედიურ ფილმში „Charlie's Angels“ (2019). [1] [2]", "target": "She is best known for starring as Princess Jasmine in Disney's musical fantasy movie Aladdin (2019). She also starred in Power Rangers (2017) and the action comedy movie Charlie's Angels (2019).[1][2]"}23{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Karîyer û zayîna wî", "target": "Early life and career"}24{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Swart di 8ê mijdara sala 1986an de li bajarê Chicago yê federedewleta Illinoisê de ji dayik bûye.Jiber ku dibistana amadeyî hez nedikir, di pola 10yem de jê derket.Ew di Zanîngeha Stanfordê de xwendiye.Di sala 2008an de malpera Watchdog.netê derxist.", "target": "In 2008 Swartz started Watchdog.net, \"the good government site with teeth\". In 2009 he helped start the Progressive Change Campaign Committee. In 2010 Swartz started Demand Progress."}25{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Mirina wî", "target": "Death"}26{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Swartz emrê xwe yê 26 salî de li Broklynê di apartmana xwe de xwe daleqand û mir.Bavê wî di cenazeyê wî de wiha got ku \"Aaron ji aliyê dewletê ve hate kuştin û MIT jî jê re xiniztî kir.", "target": "Swartz committed suicide by hanging himself in his apartment in Brooklyn, New York City, aged 26.[2] Speaking at his son's funeral, Robert Swartz said, \"[Aaron] was killed by the government, and MIT betrayed all of its basic principles.\"[3]"}27{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Di sala 2014an de der barê wî de belgewarekî bi navê (The Internet's Own Boy) hatiye kişandin.", "target": "A documentary about Swartz called The Internet's Own Boy was released in 2014."}28{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "↑ Sims, Nancy (October 2011).", "target": "↑ Sims, Nancy (October 2011). \"Library licensing and criminal law: The Aaron Swartz case\"."}29{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "\"Library licensing and criminal law: The Aaron Swartz case\".", "target": "College & Research Libraries News (Association of College and Research Libraries) 72 (9): 534–537. ISSN 0099-0086. http://crln.acrl.org/content/72/9/534.full. Retrieved January 13, 2013. ↑ Cai, Anne (January 12, 2013)."}30{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "College & Research Libraries News (Association of College and Research Libraries) 72 (9): 534–537.", "target": "\"Aaron Swartz commits suicide\". The Tech. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. http://tech.mit.edu/V132/N61/swartz.html."}31{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Madeya ku li ser Cihanê herî pir tê dîtin seluloz e.Jê cûda jî seluloz elyaf e.", "target": "It is the most abundant macromolecule on Earth. It is also a fibre."}32{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Seluloz ji glîkozan tê û ew piraniya dîwara şaneyê ya şaneyên riwekê pêk tîne.", "target": "Cellulose is made from a form of glucose and makes up most of the cell wall of plant cells."}33{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Di heman katî de jî seluloz ji aliyê mirovan ve nayê herisandin.", "target": "This is what keeps a plant in shape. Cellulose is not digestible by humans."}34{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Makromolekûl an jî nûn, molekûlekê ku ji gelek atoman pêk tê, jê re tê gotin.", "target": "A macromolecule is a molecule with a large number of atoms. The word is usually used only when describing polymers, molecules which are made up of smaller molecules called monomers."}35{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Makromolekûlekê ku li ser cihanê pir tê dîtin seluloz e.", "target": "All organic monomers are based on carbon, usually with hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. There are inorganic macromolecules based on other monomers."}36{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Bo nimûne:", "target": "Examples:"}37{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Proteînên ku ji asîdên amîno pêk tên Asîdên nukleîk DNA ji nukleotîtan pêk tê.", "target": "Proteins, composed of amino acids. Nucleic acids. DNA, composed of nucleotides."}38{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Karbonhîdratên ku ji monosakarîtan pêk tên.", "target": "Carbohydrates, composed of monosaccharide sugars."}39{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Miyandeva(Delta) Ron a ku dirêje deryaya navîn", "target": "The delta of the Rhône flowing into the Mediterranean"}40{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Nexşeya çemê Ron", "target": "Map of the Rhône"}41{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Çemê Ron(bi îngilîzî:Rhône), çemekî ku di navbera Fransa û Swîsrê de dimîne ye.Dirêjiya wî 812 km ye.Ew ji qeşayiya Ron a li Swîsrê dest pê dike û bi gihîştina deryaya navîn jî dawî lê tê.", "target": "It is 812 kilometers long. The river starts in Rhône Glacier, which is in Switzerland. Then, the Rhône River joints the Saône, in France (and other rivers) and ends in the Mediterranean Sea."}42{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Debiya wî di saniyeyek de 1.700 m3 e.Ev nirx gava ku seylav(rabûyî) çê dibe digihîje 12.000 m3ê.", "target": "The river drains an are of 95.5500 m2. The usual amount of water is about 1.700 m3 per second (at Tarrascon). During floods, this value has reached over 12.000 m3 per second."}43{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Faksekê ku ji aliyê Samsung ve hatiye çêkirin.", "target": "A Samsung fax machine"}44{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Faks, alaveke pevguhazî ye. Faksek, materyalên ku hatine sehkirin, bi alîkariya xetên telefonan dişeyinê ji faksekî din re.", "target": "Fax (short for facsimile), or telecopying, is the transmission of scanned printed material (both text and images), to a telephone number connected to a printer or other output device."}45{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Di serî de belgeya resen, bi makîneya faksekî tê sehkirin.îcar makîneya faksê ya stîner jî vê belgeya ku di serî de hati bû kodkirin, van kodan didewîne,analîz dike, û dîsin vê belgeyê dadigerîne halê xwe yê berê.", "target": "The original document is scanned with a fax machine (or a telecopier), which turns the contents (text or images) into a bitmap, Then the bitmap is sent through the telephone system. The receiving fax machine reconverts the coded image, printing a paper copy.[1]"}46{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Di sala 1843an de ji aliyê Alexander Bain ve patenta faksê hatiye girtin.Lê belê faksa ku îro tê bikaranîn, di sala 1924an de ji aliyê şîrketa Amerîkî ya bi navê Radio Corporation of America ve hatiye sêwirandin.Ev şîrket di 24ê mijdara sala 1924an de wêneyekî ji Newyorkê şiyand Londonê.", "target": "Businesses usually have some kind of fax system, but the technology has faced increasing competition from Internet-based methods. Fax machines still retain some advantages, particularly in the transmission of sensitive material which, if sent over the internet, may be intercepted. However, encryption (a secret coding system) can make internet messages secure."}47{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Ew beşekê jîna xwe li prûsyayê, beşeke din jî li Fransayê bihartiye.", "target": "He lived part of his life in Prussia and part in France."}48{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Ew ji teoriya hejmaran heta mekanîka esmanî xebatên girîng kiriye.", "target": "He made significant contributions to mathematical analysis, from number theory, to classical and celestial mechanics."}49{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Ew di sala 1766'an de li ser qewîtiya Euler û d'Alembertê ve dest pê gerînendetiya matematîkê ya Akademiya Zanistan a Prûsyayê kir.", "target": "On the recommendation of Euler and d'Alembert, in 1766 Lagrange succeeded Euler as the director of mathematics at the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin."}50{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Ew ji 20 sal pirtir li wê derê ma û di vî wextî de gelek berhem anî holê. Di heman katî de jî ew gelek xelat ji Akademiya Zanistan a Fransayê girt.", "target": "He stayed there for over twenty years, producing a large body of work and winning several prizes of the French Academy of Sciences."}51{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Dozîneya wî ya ku di sala 1788'an de li ser mekanîka analîtîk kiribû, piştî Newtonê xebata herî berfireh bû û ev dozîne di sedsala nozdehem de ji bo pêşvebirina fizîka matematîkî pir alîkar bû.", "target": "Lagrange's treatise on analytical mechanics, first published in 1788, was the best treatment of classical mechanics since Newton, and helped the development of mathematical physics in the nineteenth century.[2]"}52{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Jîna wî", "target": "Life"}53{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Malbata wî îtalyan bû, belam li ber vê jî bav û kalên wî yên Fransî jî hebûn.", "target": "Lagrange's parents were Italian, although he also had French ancestors on his father's side."}54{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Di sala 1787'an de wexta ku 51 salî bû ji Berlînê mala xwe bir Fransayê û li Fransayê bû endamê Akademiya Fransî û heta dawiya jîna xwe li Fransayê ma.", "target": "In 1787, at age 51, he moved from Berlin to France and became a member of the French Academy, and he remained in France until the end of his life."}55{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Lagrange di 10ê avrêla sala 1813'an de li Parîsê mir û navê wî jî wekî navên endezyar, matematîkzan û zanyarên Fransî, li ser Barûya Eyfelê hate nivîsandin.", "target": "Napoleon appointed Lagrange to the Legion of Honour and made him a Count of the Empire in 1808. Lagrange is buried in the Panthéon and his name appears as one of the 72 names inscribed on the Eiffel Tower.[1]"}56{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Dilopên aviyê ku li ser tevnepîrikê zeliqîne.", "target": "Dew drops adhering to a spider web"}57{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Adezyon, pêvojoyek e ku parçeyên cuda ji hev re dizeliqin.", "target": "Adhesion is the process in which dissimilar particles stick together."}58{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Heke ev parçe ji parçeyên dirûv pêk bên, ev pêvajo wek kohezyon tê binavkirin.", "target": "In the case of similar particles, this effect is called cohesion."}59{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Adezyon pê bi gewşînên fizîkî yên rûxara ku di navbera du cismê de dimîne, têkildar e.", "target": "Adhesion results from the physical properties of the interface between two phases."}60{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Hêzên ku ji ber adezyonê çêdibin, bi misogerî nayê zanîn.", "target": "The forces that result in adhesion are not fully known, there are different explanations."}61{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Heta niha 5 tewrê Adezyonê yê ji hev cuda hatine derpêşkirin:", "target": "Five different types of adhesion have been proposed:"}62{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Adezyona Mekanîk: Kereseyên zeliqok valahî û çavikan tije dike, û wan kêlûn dike hev.", "target": "Mechanical adhesion: Adhesive materials fill the voids or pores, and interlock Chemical adhesion: Where they join, two materials form a Chemical compound."}63{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Şaneyên zaylimê dirêj û teng in. Ew avê vediguhase.", "target": "Xylem cells are long and narrow, like pipes, and they carry water"}64{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Zaylim (bi soranî: زایلیم, bi îngilîzî: Xylem) di riwekan de tevinekek e.", "target": "Xylem is a tissue in plants."}65{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Xaşîleya şanayên wê sext û stûr e.", "target": "Its cells have thick, hard walls."}66{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Tevîneka zaylim piştî çêbûnê heman dimire û di navenda darê de dibe dep (texte).", "target": "Xylem tissue dies soon after it is formed and is the wood in the middle of a tree."}67{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Ev şaneyên mirî wekî boriyeke dep û navvala ne.", "target": "The dead cells are like pipes, hollow and rigid."}68{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Zaylim, yek ji du tevîneka veguhezê ya riwekan e. Ew madeyên girîng ên ku ji bo riwek jîna xwe berdewam bikin pêwîst in, ji beşên din ên riwekê re vediguhasîne.", "target": "Xylem is one of two tissues in the plant which transport substances that plants need to live."}69{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Di navbera madeyên ku ji aliyê zaylim ve tê veguhastin, tê de av û mîneralên ku ji kokên riwekê hatine bidestxistin hene. Tevîneka veguhezê ya din a riwekê jî flohim (phloem) e. Flohim jî şekir û kimyewiyên din ji pel digire û vediguhesîne beşên mayî yên riwekê.", "target": "Substances that xylem transports include water and minerals obtained through the plant's roots, as xylem runs from the roots to the stems and leaves."}70{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Xylem hücreleri bir bitkinin tüm bölgelerinde, köklerde, köklerde ve yapraklarda bulunur. Su, yerçekimine karşı, yapraklardaki nemin buharlaşması olan terleme süreci boyunca oluşturduğu negatif basınç ile taşınır. Xylem dört hücre tipinden oluşur:", "target": "The other transport tissue is the phloem, which transports energy in the form of sugar (as well as any other chemicals) from the leaves to the rest of the plant."}71{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Zaylim ji çar tîpê şaneyê pêk tê:", "target": "Xylem consists of four types of cells:"}72{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Parankîmaya zaylimê Rehikên zaylimê Trakeît Regên zaylimê", "target": "Xylem parenchyma which are living cells with thin walls Xylem fibres Tracheids Xylem vessels"}73{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Çavkanî", "target": "Related pages"}74{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Di riwekên faskuler de, bi saya fotosentezê adan pêk tên. Ji bo ku riwek jîna xwe berdewam bikin, divê ev adan li cihên riwekê ku hewcetî pê adan çêdibin bên veguhastin. Tevîneka ku vê karê veguhastinê dike, flohim (phloem) e.", "target": "In vascular plants, phloem is the living tissue made up of small tubes which carry watery sap containing sugar and other organic nutrients to all parts of the plant where the nutrients are used for growth, or stored until needed."}75{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Flohim tevînekeke ganî ye ku ji lûleyên biçûk pêk tê.", "target": "The sugar is made by photosynthesis."}76{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Flohim di riwekan de, li tewqa herî hundir a qalikê darê de ye. Ji ber vê yekê navê wê ji zimanê latînî φλοιος (phloios) tê û wateya wê jî qaşikê darê ye.", "target": "In trees, the phloem is the innermost layer of the bark, therefore the name, that comes from the Greek word φλοιος (phloios) for \"bark\"."}77{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Spîya pelê û kêzikên din, lûleyeke zirav tê hundirê riwekê dikin.", "target": "Aphids (greenfly) and other insects feed on the phloem by inserting a fine tube into the plant, penetrating the tiny phloem cells deep within the plant."}78{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Ew bi vê lûleyê ji hundirê şaneyên flohimê adan ji xwe re derdixin û bi vî awayî xwe xweyî dikin.", "target": "The high pressure in the phloem tubes forces the phloem sap into the insect. Most of the sugar passes right through the insect, so that nearby surfaces get sticky and often become black due to the growth of fungus."}79{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Jê cuda binêrin", "target": "Other pages"}80{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Zaylim", "target": "Xylem"}81{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Çandinî", "target": "Agriculture"}82{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "hin amûrên giştî yên ku heta domahiya serdema bronzê hatine çêkirin.", "target": "Some common bronze weapons during the Bronze Age"}83{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Serdema Bronz an jî Serdema tunc, navê demekê ye ku mirov ji amêjena bronzê amûr çêdikirin. Bronz bi asas awêteya pîl û sifirê ye.", "target": "The Bronze Age is the time period when people made tools from an alloy (a mixture of metals) called bronze.[1] Bronze is a mixture of mainly copper and tin: usually nine parts copper to one part tin."}84{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Kereseyên wekî kevir û darîn jî ji bo amûran dihatin bikaranîn belam bronz hem ji bo birîn û qesifandinê ji din çêtir bûn û dirûvdan (şekildan) jî hêsantir bû.Serdema bronzê li her cih bi heman demê de nebûn.", "target": "Materials like wood and stone were also used for tools, but bronze was better for cutting and chopping, and was easy to shape. The Bronze Age was not at the same time everywhere, because different groups of people began to use bronze at different times."}85{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Çunkî hawîş ji hev dûr bûn û di navbera wan de têkilê hê çênebû bûn.", "target": "In Western Europe, the Bronze Age lasted from about 2000 BC until 800 BC."}86{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Serdema bronzê li rojavaya Ewropayê di navbera salên 2000 û 800 a beriya zayînê de dom kir.", "target": "In the Middle East, it started about a thousand years earlier."}87{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Ev mirovên ku xwediyê van hunerweriyan bûn, ji mirovên din girîngtir bûn.", "target": "The people who had these new skills would have been important."}88{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Ev amûrên metal ên nû hate firotin an jî standin û bi vî awayî bazirganî di navbera mirovan de hate kirin.", "target": "The new metal tools were bought, sold, or traded across larger distances."}89{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Piştî çêkirina amûrên hesin, dawî li serdema bronzê hat û serdema hesinê dest pê kir.", "target": "Later, when iron tools spread, the Bronze Age ended and the Iron Age started."}90{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Sedema destpêkirina serdema hesinê ev bû ku dîtina pîl ji dîtina hesinê zortir bû.", "target": "A reason for iron replacing bronze is that tin ore, a rock in which tin may be found, is much more rare than iron ore."}91{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Sedema din jî amûrên sifir pir nerm bû û sûdmend nebûn.", "target": "Copper tools were not useful because they were too soft."}92{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "dîmenekê çandinî ya xelkê misirê.", "target": "Agricultural scene from Ancient Egypt."}93{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Di serdema bronzê de xwirdeyên yawanî (direwîn) êdî parçeya girîng a diyetê nebûn.", "target": "By the Bronze Age, wild food was no longer a main part of the diet."}94{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Çandinî di wexta sumeriyan de dest pê kiri bû.", "target": "The title \"inventors of agriculture\" might go to the Sumerians, starting c. 5500 BC."}95{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Piştî demeke kin xelkê misirê ku li geliyê Nîl ê berdar de dijîyan, gelheya xwe zêde kirin.", "target": "Not long after, the Egyptians, farming in the fertile Nile valley, increased their population."}96{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Bi vî awayî jî ew hejmara şervanên xwe jî zêde kirin û ev hejmar ji bo berfirehkirina şahînşahê sê qat ji şahînşahê sumeriyan zêde bûn.", "target": "There were now enough warriors for a territorial expansion more than tripling the Sumerian empire in area."}97{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Li Sumerê ceh dirameta yekem bû. Li ber ceh genim, sêv, tirî û xurme jî dihatin gihandin.", "target": "In Sumer, barley was the primary crop; wheat, flax, dates, apples, plums, and grapes were grown as well."}98{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Çandiniya mezopotamyayê ji aliyê çemên dîcle û firatê ve dihatin sînordarkirin û destekirin.", "target": "Mesopotamian agriculture was both supported and limited by flooding of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers."}99{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Sêlav ji berfên ku di serê bihar û havînê de li ser çiyayên bakurê kurdistanê dibariyan, pêk dihatin.", "target": "Floods came in late spring or early summer from snow melting from the Anatolian mountains."}100{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Mêşin û bizin bi giştî ji bo goşt, şîr, rûn û pênîrê hatin kêdîkirin.", "target": "Sheep and goats were domesticated, kept mainly for meat, milk, butter and cheese."}101{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Bajerê mezin yê bi navê Ur qadekê nêzîkî 50 hektarî cih digirtin.Ew xwediyê 10.000 ajalê bûn.", "target": "Ur, a large town that covered about 50 acres (20 hectares), kept 10,000 animals; 3,000 were slaughtered every year."}102{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Gelheya bajarê 6.000 kes bûn û hêza karkirinê ya 3.000 kesî yê wê jî hebûn. xakeke 3.000 donimî çandî bû.", "target": "The city's population of 6,000 included a labour force of 2,500, cultivated 3,000 acres (12 km²) of land. The labour force included storehouse recorders, work foremen, overseers, and harvest supervisors as well as labourers."}103{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Çavkanî", "target": "References"}104{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Senifandina Avhewayê ya Cîhanê", "target": "Worldwide Climate Classifications"}105{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Avhewa an jî Avûhewa, nîvekiya bûyerên meteorolojîk ên wekî germahî, xenam, pestoya mehwayî(atmosferîk), ba, şilî ye ku li cihekî bi salan tê çavdêrîkirin.", "target": "Climate means the usual condition of the temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, rainfall, and other meteorological elements in an area of the Earth's surface for a long time."}106{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Avhewa ji rewşa hewayê cuda ye.", "target": "Climate is different from weather."}107{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Hewa di nava hefteyek de diguhere belam avhewa bi salan nayê guhertin.", "target": "Weather is the condition of these elements right now, for shorter periods of time that are up to two weeks."}108{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Okyanûs û qadên ava mezin jî di nîşankirina avhewaya cihekî de roleke girîng digire.Avhewa bi giştî li gorî germahî û şiliyê tên senifandin.", "target": "Climates are most commonly classified by temperature and precipitation. The most commonly used classification was the Köppen climate classification, first made by Wladimir Köppen. The Thornthwaite system,[1] which was used from 1948, not only uses temperature and precipitation information, but evapotranspiration too."}109{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Senifandina herî pir tê bikaranîn, senifandina avhewayê ya Köppen e ku cara yekem ji aliyê Wladimir Köppen ve hatiye çêkirin.", "target": "This makes it useful for studying how many different kinds of animal species there are, and about the things that could happen when climates change. The Bergeron and Spatial Synoptic Classification systems focus more on where the air masses which help make climates come from."}110{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Avhewa piştî demeke dirêj karin biguherin.", "target": "Climates can change after a long time."}111{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Di avhewayên hênkayî de çar demsal hene.", "target": "Temperate climates have four seasons."}112{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Piraniya welatên Ewropayê xwediyê avhewaya Hênkayî ne.", "target": "Some of the countries which have a temperate climate are: Turkey, and most of the European countries."}113{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Avhewayên dihm ji avhewayên germ in.", "target": "Arid climates are hot climates, like deserts."}114{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Di vê cureya avhewayê de bi giştî yek an jî du demsal hene. Siûdî Erebistan û piraniya welatên Afrîkayî di bin bandora vê avhewayê de ne.", "target": "They just have one or two seasons such as: Saudi Arabia and most of the African countries."}115{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Avhewayên tropîkal xwediyê germahiyeke şîregerm in û bi giştî du demsalên wan hene.", "target": "Tropical climates have warm temperature and only two seasons; wet and dry."}116{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Daristana baranê ya Amazonê xwediyê vê avhewayê ye.", "target": "An example of a place with a tropical climate is the Amazon Rainforest in Brazil."}117{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Pîramîda Keops", "target": "The Great Pyramid of Giza"}118{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Pîramîda Keops, pîramîda herî mezin a ku ji aliyê xelkê misira kevnare ve hatiye çêkirin, e.", "target": "The Great Pyramid of Giza is a huge pyramid built by the Ancient Egyptians."}119{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Pîramîda Keops ji bo fîr’ewnê misirî yê bi navê Khufu hatiye çêkirin.", "target": "It was the tallest building in the world for over 3,800 years."}120{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Hin çavkanî jî ji bo çêkêrê Pîramîda Keopsê, wezîrê Khufuyê yê bi navê Hemiunu nîşan didin.", "target": "The pyramid was built for Khufu, an Egyptian pharaoh."}121{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Wiha tê ramankirin ku avakirina wê 20 sal dom kiriye û beriya zayînê di dora sala 2570 de çêkirana wê qediyaye.", "target": "It was perhaps built by Khufu's vizier, Hemiunu.[1] It is believed that it took about 20 years to build, and was completed around 2570 BC."}122{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Di wexta avakirina pîramîdê de, rûxarê der ê pîramîde bi lewheyên kevir hatibûn hefidandin.", "target": "When it was built, the Great Pyramid was covered by stones that formed a smooth outer surface."}123{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Belam niha ev hefidandin nemaye.", "target": "Some of these stones can still be seen around the base."}124{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Bilindayiya Keopsê ya di serî de 146.5 m bûn. Lê belê sal bi sal bi maşînê bilindayiya wê 138.75 m bûye.", "target": "Most of what can be seen of the pyramid now is its basic core of 2,300,000 blocks of limestone and granite."}125{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Pîramîda Keops, pîramîdeke çargoşe ye û dirêjiya her rûqetekê wê 230.37 m ye.", "target": "There have been many different theories to explain how the pyramid was built."}126{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Li gorî hesibandinên ku hatine çêkirin, giraniya wê 5.9 milyon ton e û qewareya wê jî 2.500.000 m3 e.", "target": "Most accepted building ideas are based on the idea of moving huge stones from a quarry and dragging and lifting them into place."}127{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Di nav Pîramîda Keops de sê menzel heye.", "target": "There are three known rooms, or chambers, inside the Great Pyramid."}128{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Ji van yek di bin pîramîdê de ye û çêkirina wê neqediyaye.", "target": "The lowest chamber is cut into the rock on which the pyramid was built."}129{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Ên her du yê din jî menzela key û menzela keybanûyê ye.", "target": "This chamber was not finished."}130{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Di heman katî de jî di nav pîramîdê de du derbasok heye.", "target": "The other two chambers are higher up inside the pyramid."}131{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Ji van yek li pêş e û ê din jî li paş e. Di navbera pîramîdan de ê ku xwediyê du derbasok e, bi tenê pîramîda keops e.", "target": "They are called the Queen's Chamber and the King's Chamber, but these are modern labels as we do not know how the Egyptians were going to use them.[3] The Great Pyramid has two passages, one leading up, and the other down. It is the only Egyptian pyramid to have the two passages."}132{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "ISBN 0-19-815034-2 ↑ Empty citation (alîkarî) ↑ John Romer, in his The Great Pyramid: Ancient Egypt Revisited notes \"By themselves, of course, none of these modern labels define the ancient purposes of the architecture they describe.\" p.", "target": "ISBN 0-19-815034-2 ↑ \"Great Pyramid tombs unearth 'proof' workers were not slaves\". http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/jan/11/great-pyramid-tombs-slaves-egypt. ↑ John Romer, in his The Great Pyramid: Ancient Egypt Revisited notes \"By themselves, of course, none of these modern labels define the ancient purposes of the architecture they describe.\" p."}133{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Bikaranîna wê", "target": "Uses"}134{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Dîroka wê", "target": "History"}135{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Gêwşînên fîzîkî", "target": "Physical properties"}136{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Gewşînên kîmyewî", "target": "Chemical properties"}137{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Klor elementeke kîmyewî ye ku kurtebêjeya wê Cl ye.", "target": "Chlorine (chemical symbol Cl) is a chemical element."}138{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Nimroya wê ya atomî 17 e. Giraiya wê ya atomî jî 35.45 e. Ew yek ji elementên stûna 7em a tabloya periyodîk e ku wek halojeniyan jî tê nasîn.", "target": "Its atomic number (which is the number of protons in it) is 17, and its atomic mass is 35.45."}139{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Klor li serzemînê weke elementekê nayê dîtin.", "target": "It is part of the 7th column (halogens) on the periodic table of elements."}140{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Klor gazeke pir zivêrker e û rengê wê jî zerê keskoyî ye.", "target": "Chlorine is a very irritating and greenish-yellow gas."}141{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Ew wekî sodyûm hîpoklorît xwediyê bêhneke giran e.", "target": "It has a strong smell like bleach."}142{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Di heman katî de jî ew jehredar e.", "target": "It is toxic."}143{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Klor têr baş reaktîf e.", "target": "Chlorine is highly reactive."}144{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Ew ji brom reaktîftir û ji flor kêm reaktîftir e.", "target": "It is more reactive than bromine but less reactive than fluorine. It reacts with most things to make chlorides. It can even burn things instead of oxygen."}145{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Klor wek dezenfektan û gewrkera avê tê bikaranîn. Ji bilî van, ew di hilberandina gelek pêkhatiyên girîng ên wekî karbon tetraklorîd(CCl4) û kloroform(CHCl3) de tê bikaranîn.", "target": "Chlorine is used widely to purify water (usually in a swimming pool), as a disinfectant and bleach, and in the making of many important compounds including chloroform and carbon tetrachloride."}146{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Di heman katî de jî di cengin de wek gaza jehredar dihatin bikaranîn.", "target": "It was used as a poison gas in some wars."}147{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Klor di sala 1774an de, ji aliyê Carl Wilhelm Scheele ve hatiye dîtin.", "target": "It was discovered in 1774 by Carl Wilhelm Scheele who thought it had oxygen in it."}148{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Belam Wilhelm ev tiştê ku dîtîbû, nizanibû ku elementeke nû ye.", "target": "Chlorine was named in 1810 by Humphry Davy who insisted it was an element."}149{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Paşî di sala 1810an de ji aliyê Humphry Davy ve navê Klorê hate dayîn.", "target": "The US made all water chlorinated (added chlorine to water) by 1918."}150{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Pêşvetiyên hîdroelektrîkê", "target": "Advantages of hydroelectricity"}151{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Enerjiya ava ku ji diyar dikeve, bi salane ji aliyê mirovan ve tê bikaranîn. [1]", "target": "The energy of falling water has been used by humans for thousands of years.[1]"}152{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Hîdroelektrîk, cureyekê enerjiyê ye ku bingeha xwe ji tevgera avê digire. Ji bo çêbûna wî, li ser çemekî bendavek tê çêkirin.", "target": "Hydroelectricity is electricity that is made by the movement of water."}153{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Wexta ku av tê serbestberdan, pestoya mezin ya di paşiya bendavê de, avê ber bi boriya ku tê de turbîn heye, tehm dide.", "target": "It is usually made with dams that block a river to make a reservoir or collect water that is pumped there."}154{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Ev jî dibe sedema zivirandina turbînê ku jeneratorê diçerixîne.", "target": "When the water is released, the huge pressure behind the dam forces the water down pipes that lead to a turbine."}155{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Bi vî awayî jî jenerator enerjiya tevgerê diguherîne enerjiya elektrîkê.", "target": "This causes the turbine to turn, which turns a generator which makes electricity."}156{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Ev azîneya enerjiya tênûkirin, nêzîkî çaryeka elektrîka cîhanê pêk tîne.", "target": "This renewable energy method makes about a quarter of the world's electricity."}157{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Ew ji makîneyên hilmî kêmtir qirêjî derdixe holê.", "target": "It produces less pollution than steam engines do."}158{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Cihine wekî Norwêc û Quebec, piraniya elektrîkên xwe bi vî awayî hildiberînin.", "target": "Some places such as Norway and Quebec get most of their electricity this way."}159{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Digel vê yekê, ew pir hêzdar û ewledar e û ew qirêjî pêk nayne.", "target": "Hydroelectricity is very powerful and safe, and produces no waste."}160{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Hîdroelektrîk bi awayekî bilez kare çêbibe.", "target": "Hydroelectricity can be made very quickly."}161{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Ev jî wê di demên ku daxwaza elektrîkê zêde ne, dike kêrdar.", "target": "This makes it useful for times when demand for electricity is high."}162{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Ava ku li hundirê rezervuarekê tê depokirin, wexta ku hewcedarî pê tê dîtin, kare bê serbestberdan.", "target": "Water that has been stored in a reservoir can be released (let go) when needed, so the energy can be made quickly."}163{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Bi vî awayî enerjî bi lez kare bê hilberandin. Yê din jî, ew li gorî enerjiyên tênûkirin ên wekî enerjiya bayê û rojê pêşvetî ye.", "target": "This controllability also makes hydroelectricity a good match for less controllable intermittent energy sources."}164{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Di heman katî de jî wexta ku dabîna avê rind be, enerjiya hîdroelektrîkê dibe enerjiya bêkutayî.", "target": "When the wind is not blowing or the sun is not shining, hydroelectricity can be released."}165{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Çêkirina bendavên mezin yên ku avê di xwe de dihewînin, karin zerar bigihînin hawirdorê.", "target": "The building of large dams to hold water can damage the environment."}166{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Li herêma ku bendav tê çêkirin, ekosîstema wê derê xerab dike û zeviyên ku ji bo çandinî kêrhatî ne jî, di bin avê de dihêle.", "target": "In 1983, the Australian government stopped the Tasmanian state government from building a dam on the Gordon River in Tasmania after a huge public protest.[2] The dam would have flooded the Franklin River."}167{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Ji aliyê din ve jî, zanyar radigihînin ku dîwêra bendavê biteqe, dê gelek şahar, navçe û herêm di bin avê de bimîne û zerareke mezin çêbibe.", "target": "Scientists are concerned about many problems with the dam, such as pollution, silt, and the danger of the dam wall breaking.[3]"}168{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Empty citation (alîkarî) Empty citation (alîkarî) Empty citation (alîkarî) Empty citation (alîkarî) The Gift That Blesses the Giver Three Stages to the Blessing Where is God My Maker?", "target": "ISBN 978-1521134177. (in pt) A Biblia Sagrada. ISBN 978-1521084847. The Gift That Blesses the Giver Three Stages to the Blessing Where is God My Maker?"}169{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Çavkanî", "target": "Examples"}170{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Rezervuar, deryaçeyek e ku ji aliyê mirovan ve hatiye çêkirin. Sedema çêkirina rezervuarekê, bi giştî ji bo vexwarinê yan jî ji bo avdaniyê ye. Ligel van armancan, ew ji bo geştên şikevê, masî girtinê û werzişên deryayî tê bikaranîn.", "target": "A reservoir is a lake that is usually man-made (meaning it was made by people)."}171{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Li gorî qada rûxarî, rezervuara herî mezin a cîhanê Deryaçeya Volta ye, ku tê de 153 milyar metre kûp av heye. Li Kurdistanê jî deryaçeya Dûkan yek ji nimûneyên rezervuarê ye.", "target": "Reservoirs are used to store water for various uses like drinking."}172{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Bandorên kamîkazeyê", "target": "Effects"}173{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Dîrok", "target": "History"}174{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Balafirvanê kamîkazeyê fermana xwe ya dawiyê digire.", "target": "A kamikaze pilot getting his last orders."}175{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Retrieved August 30, 2007. ↑ Empty citation (alîkarî) ↑ Empty citation (alîkarî) ↑ Ohnuki-Tierney, Emiko (2006).", "target": "United States Air Force Historical Studies Office. https://www.airforcehistory.hq.af.mil/EARS/Hallionpapers/precisionweaponspower.htm. Retrieved August 30, 2007. ↑ Rielly, Robin L. (2010)."}176{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Kamikaze Diaries - Reflections of Japanese Student Soldiers.", "target": "Kamikaze Attacks of World War II: A Complete History of Japanese Suicide Strikes on American Ships, by Aircraft and Other Means."}177{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "University of Chicago Press.", "target": "McFarland. pp. 317-324."}178{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "ISBN 978-0-226-61951-4. pp. 1-11. ↑ Axell, Albert and Kase, Hideaki (September 7, 2009).", "target": "ISBN 978-0-78644-654-4. ↑ Ohnuki-Tierney, Emiko (2006). Kamikaze Diaries - Reflections of Japanese Student Soldiers. University of Chicago Press."}179{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "\"Advice to Japanese kamikaze pilots during the second world war\".", "target": "ISBN 978-0-226-61951-4. pp. 1-11. ↑ Axell, Albert and Kase, Hideaki (September 7, 2009)."}180{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "The Guardian (Guardian News and Media Ltd). http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2009/sep/07/japanese-kamikaze-pilots-second-world-war. ↑ Axell, Albert; Kase, Hideaki (2002).", "target": "\"Advice to Japanese kamikaze pilots during the second world war\". The Guardian (Guardian News and Media Ltd). http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2009/sep/07/japanese-kamikaze-pilots-second-world-war. ↑ Axell, Albert; Kase, Hideaki (2002)."}181{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Kamîkaze, peyvekê Japonî ye ku ji bo balafirvanên xwekujî yên Împaratoriya Japonî tê bikaranîn.", "target": "Kamikaze (Japanese: 神風; literally: \"god-wind\"; usual translation: \"divine wind\")[1] is a word of Japanese origin."}182{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Navê xwe ji teyfûnekî(bagêrên ku di deryaya hindî de çêdibin) girtiye ku ev teyfûn di sedsala 13em de keştiyên mongoliyan wêran kiriye û Japonê ji dakirkeriyê xelas kiriye.", "target": "It comes from the name the Japanese gave to a typhoon that destroyed the Mongol ships in the 13th century and saved the country from invasion."}183{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Artêşa Japonî ji balafirvanên xwekujî re tokubetsu kōgeki tai (特別攻撃隊) digotin û wateya wê Yekîneya Palemarê ya Taybet bû.", "target": "Their correct name was tokubetsu kōgeki tai (特別攻撃隊), which literally means \"special attack unit.\""}184{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Bi giştî wek tokkōtai (特 攻 隊) dihatin kurtkirin.", "target": "This is usually abbreviated tokkōtai (特攻隊) in a shortened form."}185{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Ji bo êrîşên xwekujî yên ku ji aliyê balafirvanên stolê ve dihatin kirin, wekî shinpū tokubetsu kōgeki tai (神風特別攻撃隊, \"divine wind special attack units\") dihatin binavkirin. Wergerên Amerîkî bi şaşî, peyva shinpū'yê (bayê rewanî-xwedayî) wek kamîkaze xwendin.", "target": "The suicide attacks made by Navy pilots were called shinpū tokubetsu kōgeki tai (神風特別攻撃隊, \"divine wind special attack units\"). The American translators used a different style of pronunciation of the Japanese language by mistake, and read the word shinpū (\"divine wind\") as kamikaze, as those Japanese characters can be read both ways."}186{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Piştre ji ber ku ev nav di çanda Japoniyan de pir dihatin zanîn, Japoniyan jî dest pê bikaranîna peyva kamîkazeyê kirin.", "target": "The name became well known so, after the war, the Japanese also started using it."}187{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Kiyoshi Ogawa, balafirvanê kamîkazeyê, ew balafirhilgirê Amerîkayê ya bi navê USS Bunker Hill lê xist.", "target": "Kiyoshi Ogawa, kamikaze pilot, hit the aircraft carrier USS Bunker Hill (see picture right)."}188{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "USS Bunker Hill, di 11ê gulana sala 1945an de ji aliyê Kiyoshi Ogawa û yekî din ve tê lêdan.", "target": "USS Bunker Hill was hit by Ogawa (see picture left) and another kamikaze near Kyūshū on May 11, 1945."}189{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Di vî êrîşê de 372 leşkerê deryayî jiyana xwe winda kir.", "target": "Out of a crew of 2,600, 372 sailors were killed."}190{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Di 7ê kanûna 1941ê de piştî êrîşê Pearl Harbor'ê (êrîşê bendera mirwariyê), Hezên Deryayî û Asmanî yên Japonê di şerên wekî şerê Midway û deryaya Filipînê de têk çû.", "target": "After the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, the Japanese Navy and Air force were defeated in several important battles, like Midway and the Philippine Sea."}191{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Bi vî awayî Dewletên Yekbûyî keştî û balafirên xwe nû kirin. Di salên navbera 1943 û 1944an de Hêzên Hevpeymanî ber bi Japonê ve dikişiyan.", "target": "For this reason, the United States replaced their lost ships and planes with better ones very quickly; but Japan could only make few, and of poor quality. During 1943-44, the Allied forces were moving towards Japan."}192{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Di şerê Deryaya Filipînê de, di 19-20ê Pûşpera 1944an de, hêzên Japonî ber bi Filipînê ve vekişiyan.", "target": "At the Battle of the Philippine Sea, on June 19-20, 1944, the Japanese forces were pushed back to the Philippines."}193{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Di 15ê Tîrmehê de herêma Saipanê ji aliyê hêzen Hevpeymaniyê ve hate bidestxistin.", "target": "On July 15, Saipan (in the Northern Mariana Islands) was captured by Allied forces."}194{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Piştî ketina Saipanê, fermandarên Japonê xweş dizanibûn ku piştî Saipanê armanca hevpeymaniyan Filipin bû.", "target": "The capture of Saipan made it possible for the US Air force to attack Japan itself, using B-29 Superfortress bombers."}195{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Filipîn, ji ber ku xwediyê kanên petrolê bûn, herêmeke pir girîng bûn.", "target": "After the fall of Saipan, the Japanese commanders knew that the Allies would try to capture the Philippines next."}196{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Eger Japonya kontrala xwe ya li ser Filipînê winda bika, dê ji keştiyên wî re sotemenî pir kêm bimaya.", "target": "The Philippines were very important because they were located between the oil fields of Southeast Asia and Japan."}197{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Di 17ê kewçêrê de, Hevpeymaniyan di Şerê Kendava Leyteyê de dest pê erîşê li ser Filipînê kirin.", "target": "If Japan lost control over the Philippines, they would have little fuel left for their ships. On October 17, the Allies started the attack on the Philippines in the Battle of Leyte Gulf."}198{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Nîvamîral Takijiro Onishi, ji hêzên Asmanî yên Japonê berpirsiyar bû.", "target": "Vice Admiral Takijiro Onishi was in charge of the Japanese Air Force in Manila."}199{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Ji bo vê erkê, 24 balafirvanê xwendekar minêkar bûn.", "target": "A group of 24 student pilots volunteered for the mission."}200{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Ev hêz di bin 4 koman de rêxistî bûn:Yekîneya Shikishima'yê, Yekîneya Yamato'yê, Yekîneya Asahi'yê û Yekîneya Yamazakura'yê.", "target": "The Special Attack force was organized into 4 groups, Unit Shikishima, Unit Yamato, Unit Asahi, and Unit Yamazakura."}201{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Ev navên yekîneyan ji helbesteke welatparêzî hatiye girtin ku ev berhem ji aliyê helbestvanê klasîk a Japonê Motoori Norinagayê ve hatiye nivîsandin.", "target": "These names were taken from a patriotic poem (waka or tanka), written by the Japanese classical poet, Motoori Norinaga: \"Shikishima no Yamato-gokoro wo hito towaba, asahi ni niou yamazakura bana\" (敷島の 大和心を 人問はば 朝日に匂ふ 山桜花). The poem reads:"}202{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "USS Columbia , di 6ê çileya 1945an de ji aliyê kamîkazeyekî ve tê lêdan.", "target": "USS Columbia is attacked by a kamikaze on January 6, 1945."}203{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Di êrîşê USS Columbia de, 13 leşkerê deryayî mirin û 14 kesî wan jî birîndar bûn.", "target": "The kamikaze hits Columbia, killing 13 sailors and injuring 44."}204{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Japonya, di Şerê Kendava Leyteyê de têk çûn, lê hêzên taybet serkeftineke mezin bi dest xist.", "target": "The Japanese were defeated at the battle of Leyte Gulf, but the Special Attack force had great success."}205{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Êrîşê yekem ê kamîkazayê di 21ê kewçêra 1944an de, li dijî hêzên deryayî ya Awistralyayê ve pêk hat. Di vî êrîşê de tevî Sitvan Emile Dechaineux ve 30 leşkerê deryayî mirin û ji vî pirtir kes jî birîndar bûn.", "target": "The first kamikaze attack took place on October 21, 1944, against the flagship of the Royal Australian Navy, HMAS Australia.[3] 30 sailors died in the attack, including its Captain Emile Dechaineux, and many more were wounded."}206{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Heta 26ê kewçêrê 47 keştiyê hevpeymaniyan dûçarî êrîşan hatin.", "target": "By October 26, 47 more Allied ships had been attacked."}207{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Piştî çend meh, ji 2 hezarî pirtir balafir di van êrîşan de bûn.", "target": "Over the next few months, more than 2,000 planes made such attacks."}208{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Bi vî awayî balafirên Japonê kêm bûn û wexta ku hejmara balafiran kêm bûn, ji bo van vatiniyên kamîkazeyê gelaleyên nû ava bûn.", "target": "When the Japanese stock of airplanes began to run low, new models of low quality were built for these missions."}209{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Wekî balafirê Nakjima Ki-115 Tsurugi'yê çendinê wan ji depîn(darîn) hatin çêkirin û di van balafiran de motorên kevin dihatin bikaranîn.", "target": "Some of them, like the Nakajima Ki-115 Tsurugi, were made mostly of wood and used stocks of older engines."}210{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Taxima dananê ya balafirê bi giştî ji aliyê balafirvanên ku dest pê firînê kiribûn, ji diyar dihatin avêtin çunkî balafirê destpê firînê kirî, careke din xwe nedidaniyan û bi vî awayî jî ev taximê dananê di balafireke din de dîsa dihatin bikaranîn.", "target": "The plane's landing gear was usually dropped by the pilot after takeoff so it could be used by other aircraft, because he would not be landing again. Similar suicide attack programs were planned, including rocket bombs with pilots (called Ohka) and submarine torpedoes (Kaiten)."}211{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Yên herî girîng ên êrîşên kamîkazeyê di navbera tarîxên 6ê avrêlê û 25ê gûlana 1945an de, di şerê Okinawayê de pêk hatin.", "target": "The high point of kamikaze attacks came from April 6 to May 25, 1945 during the Battle of Okinawa, in Operation Kikusui (\"floating chrysanthemums\"). In that time, seven important waves of attacks took place, with more than 1,500 kamikaze planes."}212{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Wê demê, ji 1500î pirtir balafir ve heft êrîşê girîng pêk hat.", "target": "Because their training had been too short and their airplanes were poorly made, kamikaze pilots were easy targets for the experienced Allied pilots, who also had much better planes."}213{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Hêzên hevpeymaniyê di vî şerî de bi ser ketin lê ew ji ber êrîşên kamîkazeyê gelek keştiyên xwe jî winda kirin.", "target": "But still, the kamikaze who escaped the anti-aircraft fire and the enemy fighter airplanes did great damage to the Allied fleet."}214{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Di dawiya şerî de, herî kêm 21 keştiyê Amerîkayê ji aliyê kamîkazeyê ve hatibûn binavkirin û ji Stolên din yên Hevpeymaniyê jî çendin keştî hatibûn binavkirin ango ziyaneke mezin dîtibûn.", "target": "The Allies won the battle, but they lost many ships and men because of kamikaze attacks. By the end of the battle, at least 21 American ships had been sunk by kamikazes. Some ships from other Allied navies were also sunk, and dozens more were damaged.[5]"}215{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Tesîra herî mezin a êrîşan, di navbera yekîneyên hevpeymaniyê de pêkanîna tirsekî bû.", "target": "The most important effect of the attacks was creating fear among the Allied troops."}216{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Bi rastî jî wexta ku keştiyên Amerîkayê ber bi şerên dawî ve diçûn, leşkerên deryayî ji balafirvanên kamîkazeyê pir ditirsiyan.", "target": "When the American ships went to the last battles, the crews were very afraid of kamikaze pilots."}217{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Bi dawiya Şerê Cîhanî yê duyem, Hêzên Deryayî yên Japonê 2.525 balafirvanê kamîkazeyê û 1.387 balafirvanê Artêşê bi garî kirin.", "target": "By the end of World War II, the Japanese Navy had sacrificed 2,525 kamikaze pilots, and the Air force had lost 1,387."}218{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Hikumeta Japonê aşkere kir ku di van êrîşên kamîkazeyê de 81 keştî bin av bûn û 195ê wan jî ziyaneke mezin dîtin.", "target": "The Japanese government said, the missions sank 81 ships and damaged 195."}219{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Digel vê, ew daxuyandin ku ji sedî 80ê yê sedema mirinên hêzên hevpeymaniyê ji ber êrîşên kamîkazeyê ve çêbûye.", "target": "They also claimed that the kamikaze attacks were the cause of 80% of Allied deaths in the last years of the War."}220{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Li dijraberê van agahiyan, çavkaniyên Amerîkî jî angaşt dikin ku ji gotinên Japonan kêmtir keştî bin av bûne.", "target": "The American sources claim that kamikaze sunk less ships than the Japanese say."}221{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Lê dîsin jî ew hemfikir in ku ziyaneke mezin dîtine.", "target": "But still, they agree that they did very important damage."}222{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Li gorî çavkaniyên Hêzên Asmanî yên DYAyê, di êrîşên kamîkazeyê de 34 keştiyê sîtolê bin av bûn û 368yê wan ên din ziyan dîtin, 4.900 leşker mirin û 4.800yî pirtir leşker birîndar bûn. Dîroknas Robin Rielly di pirtûkekê de nivîsand ku di êrîşên kamîkazeyê de 60ê keştiyên Amerîkayê bin av bûne û 400î zêdetir keştî jî ziyan dîtine.", "target": "According to a U.S. Air Force source, the kamikaze attackers sunk 34 Navy ships, damaged 368 others, killed 4,900 sailors, and wounded over 4,800.[6] In a 2010 book, the historian Robin Rielly said that about 60 U.S. ships were sunk by kamikazes, and over 400 were damaged by them.[7]"}223{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Ew di şerî de bi ser ketin.", "target": "The war ended in 1945."}224{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Jiber ku di vê komê de Keyaniya Yekbûyî, Dewletên Yekbûyî û Yekîtiya Sovyetan cih digirtin, wekî \"Sisiyê Mezin\" jî dihatin binavkirin.", "target": "The group of nations was later named the United Nations by U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt. The main great powers, sometimes called \"The Big Three\", were the United Kingdom, the United States, and the Soviet Union."}225{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Welatên li xwarê, di nava Hevpeymaniyan de cih digirtin:", "target": "These nations were:"}226{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Hindistan Polonya Awistralya France New Zealand United Kingdom South Africa Canada Norway Belgium Luxembourg Netherlands Greece Soviet Union Panama Costa Rica Dominican Republic El Salvador Haiti Honduras Nicaragua United States China Guatemala Cuba Philippines Mexico Brazil Ethiopia Iraq Bolivia Colombia Iran Yugoslavia Liberia Romania Bulgaria Finland San Marino Albania Ecuador Paraguay Uruguay Venezuela Turkey Egypt Lebanon Syria Saudi Arabia Argentina Chile", "target": "India Poland Australia France New Zealand United Kingdom South Africa Canada Norway Belgium Luxembourg Netherlands Greece Soviet Union Panama Costa Rica Dominican Republic El Salvador Haiti Honduras Nicaragua United States China Guatemala Cuba Philippines Mexico Brazil Ethiopia Iraq Bolivia Colombia Iran Yugoslavia Liberia Romania Bulgaria Finland San Marino Albania Ecuador Paraguay Uruguay Venezuela Turkey Egypt Lebanon Syria Saudi Arabia Argentina Chile"}227{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Hêzên Hevpeymaniyê yên Şerê Cîhanî yê Duyem", "target": "Allies of World War II"}228{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Amûrên hesinî", "target": "Some iron tools"}229{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Serdema hesînî, heyna piştî serdema bronzê ye.", "target": "The Iron Age is the period after the Bronze Age."}230{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Hilberiya hesinê di salên 1200î yên beriya zayîne de li Anatolyayê dest pê kiriye lê hin berjeng nîşan didin ku ew ji vê tarîxê zûtir dest pê kiriye.", "target": "Iron production took place in Anatolia at least as early as 1200 BC, with some evidence pointing to even earlier dates.[1]"}231{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Ew çotkarî dikirin û bi awayekî kombûyî dijiyan.", "target": "They farmed, and lived in communities."}232{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Wekî serdemên berê, di heman demê de li her cih serdema hesinê dest pê nekir.", "target": "Most of Europe, Africa and Asia reached the Iron Age by 500 BC."}233{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Gelên Ewropayî, Efrîkayî û Asyayî heta sala 500î BZ derbasî serdema hesinê kirin.", "target": "In Europe, it is a period of prehistory, as Iron Age people did not write their history down."}234{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Dîtina hesinê asayî bû lê çêkirina amûrên hesinî zor bû.", "target": "Iron is easy to find, but hard to make into tools."}235{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Sedema wê jî, germahiya helînê ya hesinê ji bronzê zêdetir bû.", "target": "It melts at a higher temperature than bronze."}236{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Wexta ku mirovan fêrî çêkirina amûrên hesinî bû, pîşeyeke bi navê hesinkerî derket holê.", "target": "When blacksmiths learned how to make iron tools, they were able to make many of them."}237{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Bi van amûrên baş û zêde, cotkar karibûn berhemenên zeviyê zêde bikin.", "target": "With more and better tools, people could do more. For example, more people could own a metal plough."}238{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Digel vê yekê, hinek mirov hebûn ku pereyên daringî dahênandin da kuji bo danûstandinê bibe alîkariyek.", "target": "They could farm their fields better and grow more crops. Some people invented coins to help buy and sell their crops and their iron tools."}239{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Hesin, tesîrê qadên şerî jî kir. Mirovan zirxên baş û zexm çêkirin.", "target": "Bronze weapons and armor were no match for those made of iron, so many peoples who did not have iron were conquered by those who did."}240{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Her wiha hawîşên ku amûrên hesinî çêdikirin, li ser qada şer bi ser diketin.", "target": "Armour was rare in western Europe's Iron Age, but people used shields and helmets to keep safe in battles."}241{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Eckernförde a ye German bajar li Schleswig-Holstein, Kreis Rendsburg-Eckernförde li behra Baltîkayê nêzîkî Kiel.", "target": "Eckernförde (Danish: Egernførde, sometimes also Egernfjord, Low German: Eckernför, sometimes also Eckernföör) is a German city in Schleswig-Holstein, Kreis Rendsburg-Eckernförde at the Baltic Sea near Kiel."}242{"src_lang": "ku", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "Nifûsa nêzîkî 23,000.", "target": "The population is about 23,000."}243{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Birth Tehsil Fatehpur Barabanki in, and Fatehpur tehsil they won the whole, the Poet Aish Knawal 1987-2005", "target": "پیدائش تحصیل فتح پور بارہ بنکی میں ہوئی، اور انہو نے اپنی تعلیم تحصیل فتح پور میں پوری کی، شاعری 1987–2005 تک شاعر عش کنول سے حاصل کی"}244{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "azmat e maan [1] Shikwa Jawab e Shikwa", "target": "عظمت ماں[3] شکوہ جواب شکوہ[4]"}245{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Allama Iqbal Award was given to Mastiq Inter College Uttar Pradesh [1] in 2017, and Anjum Lucknowi glorious article was published in[2]", "target": "علامہ اقبال ایوارڈ مستقيم انٹر کالج اتر پردیس[1] 2017 میں دیا، اور اردو اخبار میں انجم لکھنوی کا شکوہ مضمون شائع ہوا[4]"}246{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "References", "target": "حوالہ جات"}247{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The State flag of AZAD JAMMU AND KASHMIR traditionally displays the Pakistani national colours, white and dark Green, with a Crescent and star to represent the Muslim-majority all of which shows its Islamic heritage and strong ties with the Federation of Pakistan. It also has a saffron square to represent the Buddhist, Hindu, Sikh and other minorities of the disputed region, the colours are clearly influenced by the Mughal Empire. The four white stripes symbolizes the main rivers of the Kashmir region; Indus (National River of Pakistan), Jhelum, Chenab and Ravi.", "target": "آزاد جموں اور کشمیر کا ریاستی پرچیم روایتی طور پر پاکستانی قومی رنگ ، سفید اور گہرے سبز رنگ کا مظاہرہ کرتا ہے ، جس میں ایک چاند اور ستارہ ہے جو مسلم اکثریت کی نمائندگی کرتا ہے، اور اس میں ان کے اسلامی ورثے اور فیڈریشن آف پاکستان کے ساتھ مضبوط تعلقات کو ظاہر کیا گیا ہے۔ متنازعہ خطے کے بدھ ، ہندو ، سکھ اور دیگر اقلیتوں کی نمائندگی کرنے کے لئے اس میں زعفرانی رنگ کا چوکور بھی ہے ، رنگ مغل سلطنت سے واضح طور پر متاثر ہیں۔ چار سفید دھاری خطے کے کشمیر کے اہم دریاؤں کی علامت ہیں ۔ دریائے سندھ (پاکستان کا قومی دریا) ، جہلم ، چناب اور راوی ۔ یہ متنازعہ علاقے کی پانچ جغرافیائی تقسیموں کی نمائندگی کرتا ہے ، یعنی بلتستان ، گلگت ، جموں ، وادی کشمیر اور لداخ ۔ [1]"}248{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Flag of Pakistan (Federal)", "target": "پاکستانی پرچم (فیڈرل)"}249{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Besides the arms race, another part of the Cold War was the \"Space Race\". This started when the Soviets launched a satellite into space called Sputnik in 1957.[175] Americans became worried that the United States was falling behind the Soviet Union, and made their schools focus more on mathematics and science.[176] Within a few years, both the United States and the Soviet Union had sent satellites, animals and people into orbit.[175] In 1969 the Apollo 11 mission put Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin on the Moon.[177]", "target": "اسلحے کی دوڑ کے علاوہ سرد جنگ کا ایک اور حصہ \" اسپیس ریس \" تھا۔ اس کا آغاز اس وقت ہوا جب 1957 میں سوویتوں نے سپوتنک نامی خلا میں ایک مصنوعی سیارہ لانچ کیا۔ [1] امریکی پریشانی میں مبتلا ہوگئے کہ امریکہ سوویت یونین سے پیچھے ہٹ رہا ہے ، اور اپنے اسکولوں کو ریاضی اور سائنس پر زیادہ توجہ دینے لگا۔ [2] کچھ ہی سالوں میں ، ریاستہائے متحدہ امریکہ اور سوویت یونین دونوں نے مصنوعی سیارہ ، جانور اور لوگوں کو مدار میں بھیج دیا تھا۔ [1] 1969 میں اپالو 11 مشن نے نیل آرمسٹرونگ اور بز آلڈرین کو چاند پر اتار دیا۔ [3]"}250{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "United States foreign policy changed in the 1970s when the United States left Vietnam and Richard Nixon left office due to a political scandal called Watergate.[1] In the 1970s and 1980s, the United States had a policy of \"detente\" with the Soviet Union. This meant that the two countries signed treaties to stop use of weapons.[178] Under Nixon and Reagan, the United States sent troops and money to many Latin American governments to stop them from being Communist.[3] This led to violence in Latin America.[121] Around this time, the economy suffered because the United States was not making as many things as it used to, and because some countries in the Middle East were not giving the U.S. as much oil as it wanted (this was called an \"oil embargo\").[4] The Middle East became very important in American foreign policy after several Americans were kidnapped in Iran in 1979.[179] In the 1980s, people in the U.S. government sold weapons to people in Iran and gave the money to \"contra\" soldiers in Nicaragua.[180] This was called the \"Iran-Contra affair\".", "target": "ریاستہائے متحدہ کی خارجہ پالیسی 1970 کی دہائی میں اس وقت بدلی جب واٹر گیٹ نامی سیاسی اسکینڈل کی وجہ سے ریاستہائے متحدہ نے ویتنام چھوڑ دیا اور رچرڈ نیکسن نے اپنا عہدہ چھوڑ دیا۔ [1] 1970 اور 1980 کی دہائی میں ، امریکہ نے سوویت یونین کے ساتھ \" ڈینٹینٹ \" کی پالیسی بنائی تھی ۔ اس کا مطلب یہ ہوا کہ دونوں ممالک نے ہتھیاروں کا استعمال روکنے کے لئے معاہدوں پر دستخط کیے ۔ [2] نکسن اور ریگن کے تحت ، ریاستہائے مت .حدہ نے لاطینی امریکی حکومتوں کو کمیونسٹ ہونے سے روکنے کے لئے فوج اور رقم بھیج دی۔ [3] اس کی وجہ سے لاطینی امریکہ میں تشدد ہوا۔ [3] اس وقت کے آس پاس ، معیشت کو نقصان ہوا کیوں کہ امریکہ اتنی چیزیں نہیں بنا رہا تھا جتنا پہلے تھا ، اور کیونکہ مشرق وسطی کے کچھ ممالک امریکہ کو اتنا تیل نہیں دے رہے تھے جتنا وہ چاہتا ہے (اسے \"تیل پر پابندی\" کہا جاتا تھا) )."}251{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Most lived in poor neighborhoods in Northern cities, or in the South where they faced racism and \"Jim Crow\" segregation.[1] These conditions led to the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s, led by Martin Luther King Jr. and others. In 1954, the Supreme Court found school segregation illegal in Brown v. Board of Education, though it would be several years before school segregation was ended.[188] In 1955, King led a bus boycott in Montgomery, Alabama.[189] In the late 1950s and 1960s, King got help from Presidents John F. Kennedy, who was shot, and Lyndon B. Johnson.[190] In 1963, he led a march on Washington calling for civil rights. Soon after, Congress passed laws that made most segregation illegal.[191] Johnson also passed a program called the Great Society that helped poor people and minorities.[192]", "target": "افریقی امریکیوں میں غربت سب سے زیادہ عام تھی۔ بیشتر افراد شمالی شہروں ، یا جنوب میں غریب محلوں میں رہتے تھے جہاں انھیں نسل پرستی اور \"جم کرو\" سے علیحدگی کا سامنا کرنا پڑا تھا۔ [1] ان حالات نے 1950 کی دہائی میں شہری حقوق کی تحریک کا آغاز کیا ، جس کی سربراہی مارٹن لوتھر کنگ جونیئر اور دیگر نے کی۔ 1954 میں ، سپریم کورٹ نے براؤن بمقابلہ بورڈ آف ایجوکیشنمیں اسکولوں کی علیحدگی کو غیر قانونی پایا ۔ براؤن بمقابلہ بورڈ آف ایجوکیشن ، اگرچہ اسکولوں کی علیحدگی ختم ہونے میں کئی سال پہلے ہوں گے۔ [2] 1955 میں ، کنگ نے الاباما کے مونٹگمری میں بس کے بائیکاٹ کی قیادت کی۔ [3] 1950 اور 1960 کی دہائی کے آخر میں ، کنگ کو صدر مملکت جان ایف کینیڈی ، جن کو گولی مار دی گئی ، اور لنڈن بی جانسن کی مدد ملی۔ [4] 1963 میں ، انہوں نے واشنگٹن میں شہری حقوق کے حق میں مارچ کی قیادت کی۔ اس کے فورا بعد ہی کانگریس نے ایسے قوانین منظور کیے جن سے زیادہ تر علیحدگی کو غیر قانونی قرار دیا گیا تھا۔ [5] جانسن نے گریٹ سوسائٹی کے نام سے ایک پروگرام بھی منظور کیا جس میں غریب لوگوں اور اقلیتوں کی مدد کی گئی۔ [6]"}252{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In the 1960s, the counterculture was created.[198] Some of the followers of the counterculture were called hippies. They had long hair, and lived communally, smoking marijuana and practicing free love.[199] The counterculture, along with college students, were the groups most against the Vietnam War.[200] They also were the groups that listened to new music known as rock and roll.[201]", "target": "1960 کی دہائی میں ، انسداد ثقافت تشکیل دی گئی تھی۔ [1] کاؤنٹرکلچر کے پیروکاروں میں سے کچھ کو ہپی کہا جاتا تھا ۔ ان کے لمبے لمبے لمبے بال تھے ، اور وہ اجتماعی طور پر رہتے تھے ، چرس پیتے تھے اور مفت محبت کی مشق کرتے تھے۔ [2] انسداد زراعت ، کالج کے طلباء کے ساتھ ، ویتنام جنگ کے خلاف سب سے زیادہ گروپ تھے۔ [3] وہ بھی وہ گروپ تھے جو نئی موسیقی سنتے تھے جنھیں راک اور رول کہتے ہیں ۔ [4]"}253{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The English tried to settle at Roanoke Island in 1585.[4] The settlement did not last, and no one knows what happened to the people. In 1607, the first lasting English settlement was made at Jamestown, Virginia, by John Smith, John Rolfe and other Englishmen interested in gold and adventure.[5] In its early years, many people in Virginia died of disease and starvation. The colony in Virginia lasted because it made money by planting tobacco.[6]", "target": "انگریزوں نے 1585 میں رونوک جزیرے میں آباد ہونے کی کوشش کی۔ [1] یہ تصفیہ آخری وقت تک نہیں چل سکی اور نہ ہی کسی کو معلوم ہے کہ لوگوں کے ساتھ کیا ہوا ہے۔ سن 1607 میں ، انگریزی کی پہلی مستقل آبادی جیمسٹاون ، ورجینیا میں ، جان سمتھ ، جان رالف اور سونے اور مہم جوئی میں دلچسپی رکھنے والے دوسرے انگریزوں کے ذریعہ کی گئی۔ [2] ابتدائی برسوں میں ، ورجینیا میں بہت سارے لوگ بیماری اور بھوک سے مر گئے۔ ورجینیا میں کالونی برقرار رہی کیونکہ اس نے تمباکو لگا کر پیسہ کمایا تھا۔ [3]"}254{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In 1973, the Supreme Court issued a decision called Roe v. Wade, which made many abortions legal.[202] The many changes led to a reaction by Jerry Falwell and other conservatives who called themselves the \"Religious Right\" and the \"Moral Majority\".[203]", "target": "1973 میں ، سپریم کورٹ نے Roe v کے نام سے ایک فیصلہ جاری کیا ۔ ویڈ ، جس نے بہت سارے اسقاط حمل کو قانونی بنا دیا۔ [1] بہت سی تبدیلیاں جیری فال ویل اور دوسرے قدامت پسندوں کے رد عمل کا باعث بنی جنہوں نے خود کو \" مذہبی حق \" اور \" اخلاقی اکثریت \" کہا۔ [2]"}255{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Reagan Era", "target": "ریگن دور"}256{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "President Reagan said that \"Government is not a solution to our problem, government is the problem\".[204]", "target": "صدر ریگن نے کہا کہ \"حکومت، ہمارا مسئلہ کا حل نہیں ہے، حکومت مسئلہ ہے \". [1]"}257{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "He defeated incumbent Jimmy Carter by winning 44 out of the 50 American states.[1] During the Reagan Era, the country was facing through inflation, a bad economy, and the American foreign policy were not as good. When Ronald Reagan became president, he signed the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 which lowered taxes for corporations, supposedly so they could reinvest the surplus profits back into business. During Reagan's presidency, he expanded the American military creating more jobs, but also raising the deficit due to overspending.", "target": "رونالڈ ریگن 1980 میں صدر منتخب ہوئے تھے۔ انہوں نے 50 میں سے 44 ریاستوں میں 44 جیت کر برسر اقتدار جمی کارٹر کو شکست دی۔ [1] ریگن دور کے دوران ، ملک کو افراط زر ، خراب معیشت کا سامنا کرنا پڑا ، اور امریکی خارجہ پالیسی اتنی اچھی نہیں تھی۔ جب رونالڈ ریگن صدر بنے تو ، اس نے 1981 کے اکنامک ریکوری ریکس ٹیکس ایکٹ پر دستخط کیے جس کے تحت کارپوریشنوں کے لئے ٹیکس کم کردیئے گئے تھے ، خیال کیا جاتا ہے کہ وہ زائد منافع کو دوبارہ کاروبار میں لگا سکتے ہیں۔ ریگن کی صدارت کے دوران ، اس نے مزید امریکی ملازمت پیدا کرنے کے لئے امریکی فوج میں توسیع کی ، بلکہ اس سے بھی زیادہ رقم خرچ کرنے کی وجہ سے خسارہ بڑھایا۔ ان کی پہلی میعاد کے دوران ، معیشت ایک 4.5٪ سے 7.2٪ ہوگئی۔"}258{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "They first met at the Geneva Summit in 1985. Later they both discovered their passion of ending the war. Reagan met four times with Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev, who ascended to power in 1985, and their summit conferences led to the signing of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty.", "target": "1984 میں ، ریگن نے 50 میں سے 49 ریاستوں میں 49 جیت کر ایک بڑی سرزمین میں کامیابی حاصل کی۔ اپنی دوسری مدت کے دوران ، ریگن نے سرد جنگ کے خاتمے پر توجہ دی۔ انہوں نے مارگریٹ تھیچر ، پوپ جان پال دوم ، اور سوویت رہنما میخائل گورباچوف کے مابین بہت سی ملاقاتیں کیں۔ ان کی پہلی ملاقات 1985 میں جنیوا سمٹ میں ہوئی تھی۔ بعد میں ان دونوں کو جنگ کے خاتمے کا جنون معلوم ہوا۔ ریگن نے سوویت رہنما میخائل گورباچوف سے چار مرتبہ ملاقات کی ، جو 1985 میں اقتدار میں داخل ہوئے تھے ، اور ان کی سربراہی کانفرنسوں کے نتیجے میں انٹرمیڈیٹ رینج نیوکلیئر فورسز معاہدہ پر دستخط ہوئے تھے۔"}259{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "They called this ideal society a \"city on a hill\".[9] A man named Roger Williams left Massachusetts after disagreeing with the Puritans, and started the colony of Rhode Island in 1636.[10]", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}260{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Middle East became the main focus of U.S. foreign policy.[210] In 1991, the United States fought a war with Iraq called the First Gulf War or Operation Desert Storm. This was to stop Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein from occupying Kuwait, a small oil-producing country.", "target": "مشرق وسطی امریکی خارجہ پالیسی کا مرکزی محور بن گیا۔ [1] 1991 میں ، ریاستہائے متحدہ نے عراق کے ساتھ ایک جنگ لڑی جس کا نام پہلی گلف وار یا آپریشن صحرا طوفان ہے ۔ اس سے عراقی رہنما صدام حسین کو تیل پیدا کرنے والے ایک چھوٹے ملک کویت پر قبضہ کرنے سے روکنا تھا۔"}261{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In 1992, Bill Clinton became President. Under Clinton, the United States sent soldiers into Bosnia as part of a United Nations mission.[1] The United States also agreed to a trade pact called the North American Free Trade Agreement (and repealed Glass–Steagall Legislation).[211] Clinton was impeached for lying in court about his relationship with Monica Lewinsky, but the Senate voted against removing him as President.[212]", "target": "1992 میں ، بل کلنٹن صدر بنے۔ کلنٹن کے تحت ، اقوام متحدہ کے مشن کے تحت امریکہ نے بوسنیا میں فوجی بھیجے۔ [1] امریکہ نے شمالی امریکہ کے آزاد تجارتی معاہدے (اور گلاس– اسٹیگال قانون سازی کو منسوخ) کے نام سے ایک تجارتی معاہدے پر بھی اتفاق کیا۔ [2] کلنٹن کو مونیکا لیونسکی کے ساتھ اپنے تعلقات کے بارے میں عدالت میں جھوٹ بولنے پر مجبور کیا گیا تھا ، لیکن سینیٹنے انہیں صدر کے عہدے سے ہٹانے کے خلاف ووٹ دیا۔ مونیکا لیونسکی ، لیکن سینیٹ کے صدر کے طور پر اسے ہٹانے کے خلاف ووٹ دیا. [3]"}262{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Soon after the attacks, the U.S. and NATO went to Afghanistan to find Osama bin Laden and others who they believed planned the September 11 attacks. In 2003, the United States invaded Iraq. The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have lasted many years.", "target": "2000 میں ، جارج ڈبلیو بش صدر منتخب ہوئے۔ 11 ستمبر 2001 کو دہشت گردوں نے ورلڈ ٹریڈ سینٹر پر حملہ کیا۔ ہزاروں افراد ہلاک ہوگئے۔ حملوں کے فورا بعد ہی ، امریکہ اور نیٹو افغانستان گئے تاکہ اسامہ بن لادن اور دیگر افراد کو تلاش کریں جو ان کے خیال میں گیارہ ستمبر کے حملوں کی منصوبہ بندی کرتے تھے۔ 2003 میں ، امریکہ نے عراق پر حملہ کیا ۔ عراق اور افغانستان میں جنگیں کئی برسوں سے جاری ہیں۔ 2011 تک ، زیادہ تر امریکی فوجی عراق چھوڑ چکے تھے ، اور وہاں لڑائی ختم ہوگئی تھی۔"}263{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Much of the city of New Orleans was destroyed. In 2006, the Democrats won back Congress because Americans did not like the way Bush dealt with War in Iraq or Katrina. At the end of Bush's term, the United States entered the worst recession since the Great Depression.", "target": "2005 میں ، جنوبی امریکہ کو کترینا سمندری طوفان نے نشانہ بنایا۔ نیو اورلینز کا بیشتر شہر تباہ ہوگیا۔ 2006 میں ، ڈیموکریٹس نے کانگریس کی حمایت جیت لی کیونکہ امریکیوں نے عراق یا کترینہ کی جنگ کے ساتھ سلوک کرنے کا طریقہ پسند نہیں کیا۔ بش کی مدت ملازمت کے اختتام پر ، امریکہ شدید مندی کے بعد بدترین کساد بازاری میں داخل ہوا۔"}264{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In the 1500s, Spain built a fort at Saint Augustine, Florida.[11] France settled Louisiana, and the area around the Great Lakes. The Dutch settled New York, which they called New Netherland.", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}265{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Other areas were settled by Scotch-Irish, Germans, and Swedes.[12][13] However, in time Britain controlled all of the colonies, and most American colonists adopted the British way of life.", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}266{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The growth of the colonies was not good for Native Americans.[14] Many of them died of smallpox, a disease brought to America by the Europeans. The ones who lived lost their lands to the colonists.[14]", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}267{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "On April 7, 2017, Trump ordered the launch of 59 Tomahawk cruise missiles from the Mediterranean Sea into Syria, aimed at Shayrat Air Base as a defense after the Khan Shaykhun chemical attack.[215]", "target": "7 اپریل ، 2017 کو ، ٹرمپ نے بحیرہ روم سے شام میں 59 توماہاک کروز میزائل لانچ کرنے کا حکم دیا ، جس کا مقصد خان شائخون کیمیائی حملے کے بعد شیرات ائیر بیس کا دفاعی دفاع کیا گیا تھا ۔ [1]"}268{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "On September 24, 2019, Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi announced that the House of Representatives would begin an impeachment inquiry into Trump. On October 31, 2019, the House voted 232–196 to created procedures for public hearings.[217] On December 16, the House Judiciary Committee released a report specifying criminal bribery and wire fraud charges as part of the abuse of power charge.[218] The house voted to impeach Trump on December 18, 2019, making him the third president in American history to be impeached.[219]", "target": "24 ستمبر ، 2019 کو ، اسپیکر ہاؤس نینسی پیلوسی نے اعلان کیا کہ ایوان نمائندگان ٹرمپ سے مواخذے کی تحقیقات شروع کردیں گے۔ 31 اکتوبر ، 2019 کو ، ایوان نے عوامی سماعتوں کے طریقہ کار تیار کرنے کے لئے 232–196 کو ووٹ دیا۔ [1] 16 دسمبر کو ، ہاؤس جوڈیشری کمیٹی نے ایک رپورٹ جاری کی جس میں بجلی کے الزامات کے غلط استعمال کے ایک حصے کے طور پر فوجداری رشوت اور تار فراڈ کے الزامات کی وضاحت کی گئی تھی۔ [2] ایوان نے 18 دسمبر ، 2019 کو ٹرمپ کو مواخذہ کرنے کے حق میں ووٹ دیا ، جس سے وہ امریکی تاریخ کا تیسرا صدر بن جائے گا۔ [3]"}269{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Geography of the United States", "target": "ریاستہائے متحدہ کا جغرافیہ"}270{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Selected readings", "target": "مذید پڑھیں"}271{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Great Awakening may have led to the thinking used in the American Revolution.[16]", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}272{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "U. S. National Archives", "target": "یو . ایس قومی آرکائیوز"}273{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Other resources", "target": "دوسرے ماخذ"}274{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "New York City, Philadelphia, Boston, and Charleston were the largest cities and main ports at that time.[17]", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}275{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "France, Spain, and the Netherlands also colonized North America. In 1775, a war between the thirteen colonies and Britain began when the colonists were upset over paying taxation to their government in the UK, but were not being given any chance to vote in the UK/British elections, to contribute to how that money was spent.", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly. In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}276{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In 1770, colonists in Boston known as the Sons of Liberty got in a fight with British soldiers. This became known as the Boston Massacre.[22] After the Tea Act, the Sons of Liberty dumped hundreds of boxes of tea in the sea.", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}277{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "This was known as the Boston Tea Party (1773).[23][24] This led to the British Army taking over Boston.[25] After that, leaders of the 13 colonies formed a group called the Continental Congress.[26] Many people were members of the Continental Congress, but some of the more important ones were Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, John Hancock, Roger Sherman and John Jay.[27]", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly. In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}278{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "It argued that the colonies should be free of English rule.[28] This was based on the English ideas of natural rights and social contract put forth by John Locke and others.[29] On July 4, 1776, people from the 13 colonies agreed to the United States Declaration of Independence. This said that they were free and independent states, and were not part of England any more.[30] The colonists were already fighting Britain in the Revolutionary War at this time. The Revolutionary War started in 1775 at Lexington and Concord.[31] Though American soldiers under George Washington lost many battles to the British, they won a major victory at Saratoga in 1777.[32] This led to France and Spain joining the war on the side of the Americans.", "target": "1776 میں، تھامس پین ایک لکھا پمفلٹ '''کامن سینس''' ، اس نے استدلال کیا کہ کالونیوں کو انگریزی حکمرانی سے پاک ہونا چاہئے۔ [1] یہ جان لوک اور دیگر کے پیش کردہ قدرتی حقوق اور معاشرتی معاہدے کے انگریزی خیالات پر مبنی تھا۔ [2] 4 جولائی ، 1776 کو ، 13 کالونیوں کے لوگوں نے ریاستہائے متحدہ امریکہ کے اعلان آزادی پر اتفاق کیا۔ اس نے کہا کہ وہ آزاد اور خودمختار ریاستیں تھیں ، اور اب وہ انگلینڈ کا حصہ نہیں ہیں۔ [3] نوآبادیاتی اس وقت انقلابی جنگ میں پہلے ہی برطانیہ سے لڑ رہے تھے۔ انقلابی جنگ کا آغاز 1775 میں لیکسنٹن اور کونکورڈ سے ہوا ۔ [4] کے تحت امریکی فوجیوں اگرچہ جارج واشنگٹن برطانوی کو کئی لڑائیوں کو کھو دیا، وہ ایک بڑی فتح حاصل کی سیراٹوگا 1777 میں [5] اس کے نتیجے میں فرانس اور اسپین امریکیوں کی طرف سے جنگ میں شامل ہوگئے۔ 1781 میں ، یارک ٹاؤن میں ایک امریکی فتح کے نتیجے میں فرانس کی مدد ہوئی کہ برطانیہ نے لڑائی روکنے اور نوآبادیات ترک کرنے کا فیصلہ کیا۔ [6] امریکہ نے جنگ اور اس کی آزادی جیت لی تھی۔"}279{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "It gave almost all the power to the states and very little to the central government.[34] The confederation had no president. It could not remove Native Americans or the British from the frontier, nor could it stop mob uprisings such as Shays' Rebellion.[35] After Shays' Rebellion, many people thought the Articles of Confederation were not working.[36]", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly. In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}280{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In 1787, a constitution was written. Many of the people who helped write the Constitution, such as Washington, James Madison, Alexander Hamilton and Gouverneur Morris, were among the major thinkers in America at the time.[1] Some of these men would later hold important offices in the new government.", "target": "1787 میں ، ایک آئین لکھا گیا تھا۔ واشنگٹن ، جیمز میڈیسن ، الیگزنڈر ہیملٹن اور گوورنور مورس جیسے آئین کو لکھنے میں مدد کرنے والے بہت سارے لوگ اس وقت امریکہ کے بڑے مفکرین میں شامل تھے۔ [1] ان میں سے کچھ افراد بعد میں نئی حکومت میں اہم عہدے سنبھالیں گے۔ آئین نے ایک مضبوط قومی حکومت تشکیل دی جس کی تین شاخیں تھیں: ایگزیکٹو ( صدر اور اس کا عملہ ) ، قانون ساز ( ایوان نمائندگان اور سینیٹ ) ، اور عدالتی (وفاقی عدالتیں)۔ Some states agreed to the Constitution very quickly. In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}281{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The constitution created a stronger national government that had three branches: executive (the President and his staff), legislative (the House of Representatives and the Senate), and judicial (the federal courts).[37]", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly. In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}282{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Some states agreed to the Constitution very quickly. In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights.[38][39] To try and get the Constitution passed, Madison, Hamilton and Jay wrote a series of newspaper articles called the Federalist Papers.[38][39] Very soon after, the Bill of Rights was added. This was a set of 10 amendments (changes), that limited the government's power and guaranteed rights to the citizens.[40] Like the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution is a social contract between the people and the government.[41] The main idea of the Constitution is that the government is a republic (a representative democracy) elected by the people, who all have the same rights.", "target": "کچھ ریاستوں نے بہت جلد آئین پر اتفاق کیا۔ دوسری ریاستوں میں ، بہت سے لوگوں کو آئین پسند نہیں تھا کیونکہ اس نے مرکزی حکومت کو زیادہ اختیار دیا تھا اور ان کے پاس حقوق کا کوئی بل نہیں تھا۔ [1] [2] دستور کو منظور کرنے کی کوشش کرنے کے لئے ، میڈیسن ، ہیملٹن اور جے نے فیڈرلسٹ پیپرز کے نام سے اخباری مضامین کا ایک سلسلہ لکھا۔ [1] [2] اس کے فورا بعد ہی ، اس حق میں بل شامل کر لیا گیا۔ یہ 10 ترمیم (تبدیلیوں) کا ایک مجموعہ تھا ، جس نے حکومت کے اختیارات کو محدود کردیا اور شہریوں کو حقوق کی ضمانت دی۔ [3] اعلانِ آزادی کی طرح ، آئین بھی عوام اور حکومت کے مابین ایک معاشرتی معاہدہ ہے ۔ [4] آئین کا بنیادی خیال یہ ہے کہ حکومت ایک جمہوریہ (نمائندہ جمہوریت ) ہے جو عوام کے ذریعہ منتخب ہوتی ہے ، جس کے سب کو یکساں حقوق حاصل ہیں۔ تاہم ، یہ بات پہلے شروع میں سچ نہیں تھی ، جب جائیداد کے مالک صرف سفید فام مرد ہی ووٹ ڈال سکتے تھے۔ [5] ریاستی قوانین کے ساتھ ساتھ 14 ویں ، 15 ویں ، 19 ویں ، 24 اور 26 ویں ترمیم کی وجہ سے ، کم و بیش تمام امریکی شہری جن کی عمر کم از کم 18 سال ہے آج ووٹ دے سکتے ہیں۔ [6]Some states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}283{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "They signed the constitution in 1787 and the Bill of Rights in 1791. General George Washington, who had led the war, became its first president. During the 19th century, the United States gained much more land in the West and began to become industrialized.", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}284{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In 1861, several states in the South attempted to leave the United States to start a new country called the Confederate States of America. This caused the American Civil War. After the war, Immigration resumed.", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}285{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Some Americans became very rich in this Gilded Age, and the country developed one of the largest economies in the world.", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}286{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In the election of 1800, Jefferson defeated Adams. One of the most important things he did as President was to make the Louisiana Purchase from France, which made the United States twice as big.[50] Jefferson sent Lewis and Clark to map the Louisiana Purchase.[2] Jefferson also tried to stop trade with England and France so that the United States would not become involved in a war the two countries were fighting.[51] Fighting broke out between the United States and England in 1812 when James Madison was President.", "target": "1800 کے انتخابات میں ، جیفرسن نے ایڈمز کو شکست دی۔ انہوں نے صدر کی حیثیت سے ایک سب سے اہم کام فرانس سے لوزیانا خریداری کرنا تھا ، جس سے امریکہ دوگنا بڑا ہوگیا۔ [1] جیفرسن بھیجا لیوس اور کلارک لوزیانا خریداری نقشے پر. [2] جیفرسن نے انگلینڈ اور فرانس کے ساتھ تجارت کو روکنے کی بھی کوشش کی تاکہ امریکہ اس جنگ میں شامل نہ ہوجائے جس میں دونوں ممالک لڑ رہے تھے ۔ [3] جیمز میڈیسن کے صدر ہونے پر 1812 میں ریاستہائے متحدہ اور انگلینڈ کے مابین لڑائی چھڑ گئی۔ اسے 1812 کی جنگ کہا جاتا تھا۔ [4]Some states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}287{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Cotton became the main crop in the South after Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin in 1793.[54] There were a few slave rebellions against slavery, including one led by Nat Turner.", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}288{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "All of these rebellions failed.[55] The South wanted to keep slavery, but by the time of the Civil War, many people in the North wanted to end it.[56] Another argument between the North and South was about the role of government.", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}289{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The South wanted stronger state governments, but the North wanted a stronger central government.[56]", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}290{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "James Monroe made Americans feel that it was the \"era of good feelings\"", "target": "جیمز منرو نے امریکیوں کو یہ احساس دلانے پر مجبور کیا کہ یہ \"اچھے جذبات کا دور\" تھا"}291{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Due to the American System, bigger cities and more factories were built.[60] One of the big transportation projects of this time was the Erie Canal, a canal in the state of New York.[61] By the 1840s, railroads were built as well as canals.", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly. In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}292{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "By 1860, thousands of miles of railroads and telegraph lines had been built in the United States, mostly in the Northeast and Midwest.[62]", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}293{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Many factories were built in Northern cities such as Lowell, Massachusetts.[1] Most of them made clothes. Many factory workers were women, and some were children or people from Ireland or Germany.[63][64] Despite this industrialization, America was still a nation of farmers.[65]", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly. In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}294{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Francis Preston Blair founded the Republican Party to help free slaves", "target": "فرانسس پریسٹن بلیئر نے آزاد غلاموں کی مدد کے لئے ریپبلکن پارٹی کی بنیاد رکھی"}295{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In the early and mid-1800s, there was a religious movement called the Second Great Awakening. Thousands of people gathered at large religious meetings called revivals.[66] They thought they could bring about a Golden Age in America through religion.[67] New religious movements such as the Holiness Movement and the Mormons started, and groups like the Methodist Church grew.[68] The Second Great Awakening led to two movements in reform, that is, changing laws and behaviors to make society better.[69] One of these was the Temperance Movement, which believed that drinking alcohol was evil. The other was abolitionism, which tried to end slavery.", "target": "1800 کی دہائی کے اوائل اور وسط میں ، ایک مذہبی تحریک چل رہی تھی جسے دوسری عظیم بیداری کہتے تھے۔ بڑی تعداد میں مذہبی جلسوں میں ہزاروں افراد جمع ہوئے جن کو حیات نو کہا جاتا ہے۔ [1] ان کا خیال تھا کہ وہ مذہب کے ذریعہ امریکہ میں سنہری دور کا آغاز کر سکتے ہیں۔ [2] تقویت پسندی کی تحریک اور مورمونز جیسی نئی مذہبی تحریکیں شروع ہوئیں ، اور میتھوڈسٹ چرچ جیسے گروہوں میں اضافہ ہوا۔ [3] دوسری عظیم بیداری کی وجہ سے اصلاحات میں دو تحریکیں آئیں ، یعنی معاشرے کو بہتر بنانے کے لئے قوانین اور طرز عمل کو تبدیل کرنا۔ [4] ان میں سے ایک اعتدال تحریک، جو کہ پینے خیال کیا جس میں تھا شراب بری تھی. دوسرا خاتمہ تھا ، جس نے غلامی کو ختم کرنے کی کوشش کی۔ ہیرائٹ بیچر اسٹوے اور ولیم لائیڈ گیریسن جیسے لوگوں نے کتابیں اور اخبارات لکھے کہ غلامی رکنی چاہئے۔ [5] انہوں نے سیاسی تحریکیں بھی بنائیں جن میں لبرٹی پارٹی ، فری سوئل پارٹی اور ریپبلکن پارٹی شامل تھیں۔ [6] فریڈرک ڈگلاس جیسے کچھ خاتمے کرنے والے سابق غلام تھے۔ 1820 تک ، غلامی شمال میں بہت ہی کم تھی ، لیکن جنوب میں جاری رہی۔ [5]Some states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}296{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "People such as Harriet Beecher Stowe and William Lloyd Garrison wrote books and newspapers saying that slavery should stop.[5] They also formed political movements, which included the Liberty Party, the Free Soil Party and the Republican Party.[70] Some abolitionists, such as Frederick Douglass, were former slaves.", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly. In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}297{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "By 1820, slavery was very rare in the North, but continued in the South.[13]", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}298{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "This meant that most married women were expected to stay in the home and raise children.[71] As in other countries, American wives were very much under the control of their husband, and had almost no rights.", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}299{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In the early 20th century, the United States became a world power, fighting in World War I and World War II. Between the wars, there was an economic boom called the Roaring Twenties, when many people became richer, and a bust, called the Great Depression, when most were poorer.", "target": "20ویں صدی کے اوائل میں، ریاست ہائے متحدہ امریکہ ، پہلی عالمی جنگ اور دوسری جنگ عظیم میں لڑ کر ایک عالمی طاقت بن گیا۔ جنگوں کے مابین ، معاشی عروج کو روئنگ ٹوئنٹیئنس کہا جاتا تھا ، جب بہت سے لوگ دولت مند بن گئے ، اور ایک ڈھاکا ، جس کو عظیم افسردگی کہا جاتا تھا ، جب زیادہ تر غریب تھے۔ عظیم افسردگی دوسری جنگ عظیم کے ساتھ ختم ہوا۔Some states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}300{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Since many of his supporters were poor people who had not voted before, he rewarded them with government jobs, which is called \"spoils\" or \"patronage\".[1] Because of Jackson, a new party was formed to run against him called the Whigs.", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}301{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "This was called the \"Second Party System\".[74] Jackson was very much against the National Bank. He saw it as a symbol of Whigs and of powerful American businessmen.[13][75] Jackson also called for a high import tax that the South did not like.", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}302{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "They called it the \"Tariff of Abominations\".[4] Jackson’s Vice-President, John C. Calhoun, was from the South. He wrote that the South should stop the tariff and perhaps leave the Union (secession). These words would be used again during the Civil War.[56]", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}303{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "People started to move west of the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains at this time. The first people who moved west were people who caught and sold animal skins such as John Colter and Jim Bridger.[76][77] By the 1840s, many people were moving to Oregon by wagon, and even more people went west after the California Gold Rush of 1849.[78][79] Many new states were added to the first thirteen, mostly in the Midwest and South before the Civil War and in the West after the Civil War. During this period, Native Americans lost much of their land.", "target": "اس وقت لوگوں نے دریائے مسیسیپی اور راکی پہاڑوں کے مغرب میں جانا شروع کیا۔ مغرب میں منتقل ہونے والے پہلے افراد وہی لوگ تھے جنہوں نے جان کالر اور جِم بریجر جیسے جانوروں کی کھالوں کو پکڑا اور فروخت کیا۔ [1] [2] 1840 کی دہائی تک ، بہت سے لوگ ویگن کے ذریعہ اوریگون منتقل ہو رہے تھے ، اور 1849 کے کیلیفورنیا گولڈ رش کے بعد اور بھی زیادہ لوگ مغرب میں چلے گئے۔ []] []] پہلے تیرہ میں بہت سی نئی ریاستیں شامل کی گئیں ، جن میں زیادہ تر خانہ جنگی سے قبل وسط اور جنوب میں اور خانہ جنگی کے بعد مغرب میں شامل تھے۔ اس عرصے کے دوران ، مقامی امریکیوں نے اپنی کافی زمین کھو دی۔ انہوں نے ٹپیکانو اور سیمینول جنگ میں امریکیوں سے فوجی لڑائیاں ہاریں ۔ [5] 1830 کی دہائی میں ، ٹریل آف ٹیئرز اور بلیک ہاک جنگ جیسے واقعات کے ذریعہ ہندوستانیوں کو مڈویسٹ اور جنوب سے باہر نکال دیا گیا۔ [6] 1840 کی دہائی تک ، زیادہ تر مقامی امریکی دریائے مسیسیپی کے مغرب میں منتقل ہوچکے تھے۔Some states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}304{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "They had lost military battles to the Americans at Tippecanoe and in the Seminole War.[80] In the 1830s, Indians were being pushed out of the Midwest and South by events such as the Trail of Tears and the Black Hawk War.[81] By the 1840s, most Native Americans had been moved west of the Mississippi River.", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly. In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly. In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}305{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In 1845, Texas, which was a nation after it left Mexico, joined the United States.[82] Mexico did not like this, and the Americans wanted the land Mexico had on the West Coast (“Manifest Destiny”).[83] This led to the U.S. and Mexico fighting a war called the Mexican-American War. During the war, the U.S captured the cities of San Francisco, Los Angeles, Monterrey, Veracruz and Mexico City.[84] As a result of the war, the U.S. gained land in California and much of the American Southwest. Many people in the North did not like this war, because they thought it was just good for Southern slave states.[85]", "target": "1845 میں ، ٹیکساس ، جو میکسیکو چھوڑنے کے بعد ایک قوم تھا ، نے ریاستہائے متحدہ میں شمولیت اختیار کی۔ [1] میکسیکو کو یہ پسند نہیں آیا ، اور امریکیوں نے میکسیکو کے پاس وہ سرزمین چاہا جو مغربی ساحل (\" منشور کی منزل \") پر تھا۔ [2] اس کے نتیجے میں امریکہ اور میکسیکو نے میکسیکو-امریکن جنگ کے نام سے ایک جنگ لڑی۔ جنگ کے دوران ، امریکہ نے سان فرانسسکو ، لاس اینجلس ، مانٹرری ، وراکروز اور میکسیکو سٹی پر قبضہ کیا۔ [3] جنگ کے نتیجے میں ، امریکہ نے کیلیفورنیا اور زیادہ تر امریکی جنوب مغرب میں زمین حاصل کی۔ شمال میں بہت سارے لوگوں کو یہ جنگ پسند نہیں تھی ، کیونکہ ان کے خیال میں یہ جنوبی غلامی والی ریاستوں کے لئے اچھا ہے۔ [4]"}306{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Some deals were the Compromise of 1850 and the Kansas-Nebraska Act, but they did not really work to keep the Union together.[87] People in the South were angry at books like Uncle Tom’s Cabin that said that slavery was wrong.", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}307{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "During this time, African-Americans, Chicanos, and women sought more rights. In the 1970s and 1980s, the United States started to make fewer things in factories.", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}308{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The country then went through the worst recession it had since the Great Depression. In the late 1980s, the Cold War ended, helping the United States out of recession.", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}309{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Middle East became more important in American foreign policy, especially after the September 11 attacks in 2001.", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}310{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Eventually, eleven states left. They tried to start a new country called the Confederate States of America, or the \"Confederacy\".[90] A war started between the Union (North) and the Confederacy (South).", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}311{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Not having factories made it harder for Southern soldiers to get guns or uniforms.[91] The South could not get supplies because Northern ships blockaded the Southern coast.[92]", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}312{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Early in the war, Confederate generals such as Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson won battles over Union generals such as George B. McClellan and Ambrose Burnside.[93] In 1862 and 1863, the Union Army tried to take the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia several times, but failed each time.[94] Lee's army invaded the North twice, but was turned back at Antietam and Gettysburg.[3] In the middle of war, Lincoln made the Emancipation Proclamation, which freed all slaves in the Confederacy, and started letting black men fight in the Union Army.[95] The war started going the Union’s way after the battles of Gettysburg and Vicksburg in 1863.", "target": "جنگ کے آغاز میں ، رابرٹ ای لی اور اسٹون وال جیکسن جیسے کنفیڈریٹ جرنیلوں نے جارج بی میک کلیلن اور امبروز برنائیڈ جیسے یونین کے جرنیلوں پر لڑائی جیت لی۔ [1] 1862 اور 1863 میں ، یونین آرمی نے متعدد بار ورجینیا کے دارالحکومت رچمنڈ ، دارالحکومت پر قبضہ کرنے کی کوشش کی ، لیکن ہر بار ناکام رہا۔ [2] لی کی فوج نے دو بار شمال پر حملہ کیا ، لیکن انٹیئٹم اور گیٹیس برگ کی طرف موڑ دیا گیا۔ [3] جنگ کے وسط میں ، لنکن نے آزادی کا اعلان کیا ، جس نے کنفیڈریسی کے تمام غلاموں کو آزاد کیا ، اور سیاہ فام مردوں کو یونین فوج میں لڑنے دینا شروع کردیا۔ [4] جنگ 1863 میں گیٹس برگ اور وِکزبرگ کی لڑائیوں کے بعد یونین کی راہ پر گامزن ہونا شروع ہوئی۔ گیٹس برگ نے لی کو شمال پر حملہ کرنے سے روک دیا ، اور وِکسبرگ نے دریائے مسیسیپی پر یونین کو کنٹرول دے دیا۔ [3] 1864 میں ، ولیم ٹی شرمین کی سربراہی میں یونین آرمی جارجیا کے راستے مارچ ہوئی اور اس کا بیشتر حصہ تباہ کردیا۔ [5] 1865 تک ، یونین کے جنرل یولیسس ایس گرانٹ نے رچمنڈ کو لے لیا تھا اور لی کو ایپومیٹکس میں لڑائی چھوڑنے پر مجبور کیا تھا۔ [6]Some states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}313{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Gettysburg stopped Lee from invading the North, and Vicksburg gave the Union control over the Mississippi River.[92] In 1864, a Union Army under William T. Sherman marched through Georgia and destroyed much of it.[96] By 1865, Union General Ulysses S. Grant had taken Richmond and forced Lee to give up the fight at Appomattox.[97]", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly. In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly. In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}314{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "During this time, the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments to the Constitution were passed, freeing slaves, making them citizens and allowing them to vote.[98] Congress was run by \"Radical Republicans\", who wanted to punish the South after the Civil War.[99] They did not like Johnson, and almost removed him from office.[99] They also sent many soldiers to the South, installed unpopular \"scalawag\" governments, and made the South pass the 14th and 15th Amendments.[100] The South did not like this, so they made \"Jim Crow\" laws that placed blacks in lower roles.[101] White Southerners started a group called the Ku Klux Klan that attacked blacks and stopped them from voting.[102]", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly. In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly. In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}315{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "People who ran trusts made millions of dollars while paying their workers low wages. Some of these people were John D. Rockefeller, Andrew Carnegie, and J.P. Morgan.[106]", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}316{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "After the Civil War, people continued to move west where new states were formed. People now could get free land in the West due to an 1862 law called the Homestead Act.[107] Most of the land in the West was owned by the government, railroads, or large farmers.[2] The Transcontinental Railroad, finished in 1869, helped get people and goods from the west to the rest of the country.", "target": "خانہ جنگی کے بعد ، لوگ مغرب میں منتقل ہوتے چلے گئے جہاں نئی ریاستیں تشکیل پائیں۔ 1862 کے ہوم اسٹیڈ ایکٹ نامی ایک قانون کی وجہ سے لوگوں کو اب مغرب میں مفت زمین مل سکتی ہے۔ [1] مغرب کی بیشتر اراضی حکومت ، ریلوے روڈ یا بڑے کسانوں کی ملکیت تھی۔ [2] 1869 میں ختم ہونے والی ٹرانسکنٹینینٹل ریل روڈ نے مغرب سے دوسرے ملک تک لوگوں اور سامان کی فراہمی میں مدد کی۔ شکاگو مغرب اور مشرق کے مابین تجارت کا مرکز بن گیا کیونکہ وہاں بہت ساری ریل لائنیں مل گئیں۔ [3] گورے آباد کاروں اور مقامی ہندوستانیوں کے مابین دشواری کا سامنا کرنا پڑا کیونکہ زیادہ سے زیادہ لوگ مغرب میں جانے لگے۔ اس کی وجہ سے ، زخم گھٹنے جیسی لڑائیوں میں اور بھی بہت سے ریڈ انڈین مارے گئے۔ [4] ڈیوس ایکٹ جیسے قوانین کے ذریعہ تقریبا تمام ریڈ انڈین کی زمین چھین لی گئی تھی۔ [5]Some states agreed to the Constitution very quickly. In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}317{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Chicago became the center of trade between West and East because many rail lines met there.[108] There were problems between the white settlers and the native Indians as more people began to move west.", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}318{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Because of this, many more Indians were killed at battles such as Wounded Knee.[109] Almost all the Indians' land was taken away by laws like the Dawes Act.[110]", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}319{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Pre-Columbian America", "target": "کولمبس سے پہلے کا امریکہ"}320{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Many Americans thought the railroads charged farmers so much money that it made them poor.[111] Workers led several strikes against the railroad that were put down by the army. Also, farmers started groups to fight the railroad, such as the Grange.[112] These groups became the Populist Movement, which almost won the presidency under William Jennings Bryan.", "target": "بہت سے امریکیوں کا خیال تھا کہ ریل روڈ نے کسانوں پر اتنا پیسہ وصول کیا ہے کہ اس نے انہیں غریب کردیا ہے۔ [1] کارکنوں نے ریل روڈ کے خلاف متعدد ہڑتالیں کیں جنہیں فوج نے روکا تھا۔ نیز ، کسانوں نے گرینج جیسے ریل روڈ سے لڑنے کے لئے گروپس کا آغاز کیا۔ [2] یہ گروہ پاپولسٹ موومنٹ بن گئے ، جس نے ولیم جیننگز برائن کے تحت تقریبا صدارت حاصل کی۔ پوپلسٹ انکم ٹیکس اور سینیٹرز کے براہ راست انتخابات جیسی اصلاحات چاہتے تھے۔ [3] پوپلسٹ پارٹی 1896 کے بعد ختم ہوگئی۔ پوپلسٹ بہت سی چیزیں چاہتے تھے جو ترقی پسند دور کے دوران ہوں گے۔ [4]Some states agreed to the Constitution very quickly. In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}321{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Populists wanted reforms such as an income tax and direct election of Senators.[113] The Populist Party died out after 1896.", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}322{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Many of the things the Populists wanted would happen during the Progressive Era.[114]", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}323{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In 1898, the United States fought a war with Spain called the Spanish–American War. The United States won, and gained Puerto Rico, Guam, Guantanamo and the Philippines.[116] Combined with the purchase of Alaska and the taking-over of Hawaii, the United States had gained all the territory it has today, plus some it would later lose after World War II.[117] Around this time, the U.S. and European nations opened up trade with China.", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly. In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}324{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "This was because they had beaten China in the Opium Wars and the Boxer Rebellion. The U.S. and Europe were able to trade with China through the Open Door Policy.[118]", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}325{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Theodore Roosevelt was President during most of the 1900s", "target": "تھیوڈور روز ویلٹ 1900 کے بیشتر دور میں صدر تھے"}326{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "He called for a foreign policy known as the \"Big Stick\".[119] This meant having a large navy and exercising control over Latin America.[120][121] Between 1901 and 1930, the United States sent soldiers into Latin America several times.[121] When Roosevelt was president, work was begun on the Panama Canal, a link between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans that made travel around the world much faster.[122]", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly. In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}327{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "A group of people called the “muckrakers” wrote books and newspaper articles about subjects like the power of big business, unclean practices in factories, and the condition of poor people.[1] Roosevelt and Congress answered their concerns with laws such as the Pure Food and Drug Act.", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}328{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Act controlled the way food was made to make sure it was safe.[123] Another response to the muckrakers was something called \"trust-busting\", where big businesses were broken up into smaller ones.[124] The biggest business broken up this way was the Standard Oil Company in 1911.[125]", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly. In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}329{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "He was a Progressive, but not quite the same as Roosevelt.[126][127] He fought the \"triple wall of privilege\", which was big business, taxes, and fees on goods coming into the United States.[3] During this time, the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution were passed. They allowed for a federal income tax and direct election of U.S. Senators.[128]", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly. In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}330{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "World War I", "target": "جنگ عظیم اول"}331{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Wilson worked to create an international organization called the League of Nations. The main goal of the League was preventing war.[131] However, the United States did not join because isolationists rejected the peace treaty.[132] At the end of World War I, a flu pandemic killed millions of people in the U.S. and Europe.[133] After the war, the United States was one of the richest and most powerful nations in the world.[134]", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly. In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}332{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Coolidge: \"The business of America is business\".[1]", "target": "کولج: \"امریکہ کا کاروبار ، کاروبار ہے\"۔ [1]"}333{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Ku Klux Klan was powerful once again, and attacked black people, Catholics, Jews and immigrants.[139] People blamed the war and problems in business on immigrants and labor leaders, whom they said were Bolsheviks (Russian communists).[2][140] Many people also thought that the United States had lost touch with religion.", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly. In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}334{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "They handled that by changing religion, and some of them by attacking science.[136]", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}335{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "That meant it did not want to enter into another global war. It passed laws and treaties that supposedly would end war forever, and refused to sell weapons to its former allies.[141]", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}336{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Great Depression", "target": "==کساد عظیم=="}337{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Many banks ran out of money and closed.[146] By 1932, over a quarter of the nation had no jobs, and much of the nation was poor or unemployed.[147] Many people were driven off farms, not only because of the Depression, but also because of a storm known as the \"Dust Bowl\" and because farmers had not been doing well during the 1920s.[148]", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly. In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}338{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "He created the New Deal. It was a series of government programs which would give relief (to the people who were hurt by the bad economy), recovery (to make the economy better), and reform (to make sure a depression never happens again).[150]", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly. In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}339{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "They had various cultures: Native Americans in the Eastern Woodlands hunted game and deer; Native Americans in the Northwest fished; Native Americans in the Southwest grew corn and built houses called pueblos; and Native Americans in the Great Plains hunted Bison.[1][2] Around the year 1000, the Vikings visited Newfoundland. However, they did not settle there.[3]", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly. In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}340{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Most Americans thought the United States should remain neutral, and some people thought the United States should enter the war on the side of the Germans.[1][2] Eventually, the U.S. did try to help the Allied Powers (Soviet Union, Britain, and France) with the Lend Lease Act.", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly. In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rightsSome states agreed to the Constitution very quickly."}341{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "It gave the Allies a lot of money and guns in trade for use of air bases throughout the world.[155]", "target": "In other states, many people did not like the Constitution because it gave more power to the central government and had no bill of rights"}342{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "On December 7, 1941, Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, a U.S.Naval base in Hawaii.[156] The U.S. was no longer neutral, and it declared war on the Axis Powers (Germany, Japan, Italy). The U.S. entering World War II ended the Great Depression because the war created many jobs.[2] While some of the battles the U.S. fought in were air and naval battles with Japan, the U.S. mainly fought in Europe and Africa.[157] The U.S. opened up several fronts, including in North Africa and Italy.[157] The U.S. also bombed Germany from airplanes, blowing up German cities and factories.[157] On June 6, 1944 (D-Day), American and British forces invaded Normandy. A year later, the Allies had freed France and taken Berlin.[4] In 1945, Roosevelt died, and Harry Truman became president.", "target": "7 دسمبر 1941 کو ، جاپان نے ہوائی میں یو ایس نیول اڈے پرل ہاربر پر حملہ کیا ۔ [1] امریکہ اب غیر جانبدار نہیں رہا تھا ، اور اس نے محور طاقتوں ( جرمنی ، جاپان ، اٹلی ) کے خلاف جنگ کا اعلان کیا تھا۔ دوسری جنگ عظیم میں داخل ہونے والے امریکہ نے زبردست افسردگی کو ختم کیا کیونکہ جنگ نے بہت سے روزگار پیدا کیے۔ [2] جب امریکہ نے جاپان کے ساتھ لڑائی میں کچھ فضائی اور بحری جنگیں لڑی تھیں ، امریکہ بنیادی طور پر یورپ اور افریقہ میں لڑا تھا۔ [3] امریکہ نے شمالی افریقہ اور اٹلی سمیت متعدد محاذ کھولے۔ [3] امریکہ نے جرمنی پر ہوائی جہازوں سے بھی بمباری کی ، جس سے جرمن شہر اور کارخانے تباہ ہوگئے۔ [3] 6 جون 1944 کو ( ڈی ڈے ) امریکی اور برطانوی افواج نے نورمنڈی پر حملہ کیا۔ ایک سال بعد ، اتحادیوں نے فرانس کو آزاد کر کے برلن کو قبضہ کر لیا تھا ۔ [4] 1945 میں ، روزویلٹ کا انتقال ہوگیا ، اور ہیری ٹرومین صدر بنے۔ امریکہ نے جاپان پر دو ایٹم بم گرانے کا فیصلہ کیا۔ جاپان نے جلد ہی ہار مانی ، اور جنگ ختم ہوگئی۔"}343{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The war meant different things for women and minorities. During the war, many women worked in weapons factories. They were symbolized by a character called \"Rosie the Riveter\".[158][159] Many African-Americans served in the army, but often in segregated units with white officers.[160] Japanese-Americans on the West Coast were forced to live in internment camps, though a few also served in the Army.[161]", "target": "جنگ کا مطلب عورتوں اور اقلیتوں کے لئے مختلف چیزیں تھیں۔ جنگ کے دوران ، بہت سی خواتین ہتھیاروں کی فیکٹریوں میں کام کرتی تھیں۔ ان کی علامت \"روزی دی ریوٹر\" کے ایک کردار سے ہوئی۔ [1] [2] بہت سے افریقی نژاد امریکیوں نے فوج میں خدمات انجام دیں ، لیکن اکثر سفید فام افسروں کے ساتھ الگ الگ یونٹوں میں۔ [3] مغربی ساحل پر جاپانی امریکیوں کو انٹرنمنٹ کیمپوں میں رہنے پر مجبور کیا گیا ، حالانکہ کچھ لوگوں نے فوج میں بھی خدمات انجام دیں۔ [4]"}344{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Cold War", "target": "سرد جنگ"}345{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Cold War was a period of tension between the two countries over ways of life. The two countries tried to get other countries on their side. The Soviet Union tried to get countries to become Communist and the United States tried to stop them from being Communist.[162] American and Soviet soldiers never fought in battles, but they fought indirectly in the Korean War (1950s) and the Vietnam War (1950s–1970s).[163]", "target": "دوسری جنگ عظیم کے بعد ، سوویت یونین اور امریکہ دنیا کے دو سب سے طاقتور ممالک باقی تھے۔ سرد جنگ زندگی کے دونوں طریقوں سے دونوں ممالک کے مابین تناؤ کا دور تھا۔ دونوں ممالک نے دوسرے ممالک کو بھی اپنی طرف لے جانے کی کوشش کی۔ سوویت یونین نے کوشش کی کہ ممالک کو کمیونسٹ بنیں اور امریکہ نے انہیں کمیونسٹ ہونے سے روکنے کی کوشش کی۔ [1] امریکی اور سوویت فوجی کبھی بھی لڑائیوں میں نہیں لڑتے تھے ، لیکن وہ کورین جنگ (1950 ء) اور ویتنام جنگ (1950 – 1970 کی دہائی) میں بالواسطہ طور پر لڑے تھے۔ [2]"}346{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Korean War lasted only a few years, but led to American soldiers being in Korea since then.[164] The Vietnam War lasted much longer. It started with a few American troops in Vietnam, but by the 1960s thousands of Americans were being sent to Vietnam.[165] Both wars were between a Northern Communist government helped by the Soviet Union and Communist China and a Southern government helped by the U.S. The Korean War resulted in a split Korea, but the Vietnam War resulted in a Communist Vietnam after the United States left due to American people wanting to end the war.[166] Over a quarter million Americans died or were wounded in Vietnam, which was very much a military failure.[167] The U.S. and Soviet Union argued about where they could place nuclear weapons. One of these arguments was the Cuban Missile Crisis.", "target": "کورین جنگ صرف چند سال جاری رہی ، لیکن اس کے بعد سے امریکی فوجی کوریا میں موجود رہے۔ [1] ویتنام کی جنگ بہت طویل عرصہ تک جاری رہی۔ اس کا آغاز ویتنام میں چند امریکی فوجیوں کے ساتھ ہوا تھا ، لیکن 1960 کی دہائی تک ہزاروں امریکیوں کو ویتنام بھیج دیا گیا تھا۔ [2] یہ دونوں جنگیں شمالی کمیونسٹ حکومت کے درمیان تھیں جو سوویت یونین اور کمیونسٹ چین کی مدد سے تھیں اور ایک جنوبی حکومت نے امریکہ کی مدد کی تھی۔ لوگ جنگ کو ختم کرنا چاہتے ہیں۔ [3] ویتنام میں ایک چوتھائی سے زیادہ امریکی ہلاک یا زخمی ہوئے ، جو کہ فوجی ناکامی تھی۔ [4] امریکہ اور سوویت یونین نے اس بارے میں بحث کی کہ وہ جوہری ہتھیار کہاں رکھ سکتے ہیں۔ ان دلائل میں سے ایک کیوبا میزائل بحران تھا ۔ کیوبا میزائل بحران کے دوران ، امریکہ اور سوویت یونین ایک دوسرے پر جوہری ہتھیاروں سے حملہ کرنے کے قریب پہنچے۔ [5]"}347{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "An engraving of American colonists dressed as Native Americans throwing 342 trunks of the cargo that was on the British tea ships into Boston Harbor on December 16, 1773.[1]", "target": "امریکی کالونینسٹوں نے 16 دسمبر سن 1773 کو بوسٹن ہاربر میں برطانوی چائے کے جہازوں پر موجود کارگو کے 342 ٹرنک جو مال بردار جہاز پر ڈالے تھے ، سمندر میں پھینک تھے۔ [1]"}348{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Boston Tea Party was a protest by American colonists (These people were known as patriots) against King George III's rule in America. It happened on December 16, 1773.[2]", "target": "بوسٹن ٹی پارٹی امریکہ میں شاہ جارج III کی حکمرانی کے خلاف امریکی کالونیٹسٹوں (نوآبادگاروں)(یہ لوگ محب وطن کے نام سے جانے جاتے تھے) کا احتجاج تھا۔ یہ 16 دسمبر 1773 کو ہوا تھا۔ [1]"}349{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "To show how angry they were, the Sons of Liberty, led by Samuel Adams, dressed up as Native Americans and went onto ships in the Boston Harbor. They took boxes of tea and dumped them into the water. The British government was enraged about this.", "target": "یہ ظاہر کرنے کے لئے کہ وہ کتنے ناراض تھے ، سنز آف لبرٹی ، جس کی سربراہی شموئل ایڈمز نے دی ، امریکی نے امریکی نژاد امریکیوں کا لباس پہنا اور بوسٹن ہاربر میں جہازوں پر چلے گئے۔ انہوں نے چائے کے بکسوں کو لیکر پانی میں پھینک دیا۔ اس پر برطانوی حکومت سخت برہم ہوگئی۔ پارلیمنٹ نے نوآبادیات کے لئے بھی سخت قوانین بنائے ، جنہیں بعد میں ناقابل برداشت اعمال کہا جاتا ہے۔ ایک ایک عمل نے بوسٹن ہاربر کو اس وقت تک بند کردیا جب تک نوآبادیاتیوں نے ان تمام چائے کی ادائیگی نہیں کی جو انہوں نے پھینک دی تھی۔ ایک اور نے بوسٹن کا خود پر حکومت کرنے کا حق چھین لیا ،"}350{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Battle of the Netherlands (Dutch: Slag om Nederland) was part of the German invasion of France and the Low Countries (Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands) during World War II. The battle lasted from 10 May 1940 until the main Dutch forces surrendered on the 14th. Dutch troops in the province of Zealand continued to fight the until 17 May, when Germany occupied the whole nation.", "target": "نیدرلینڈ کی جنگ ( Dutch ) دوسری جنگ عظیم کے دوران فرانس اور نشیبی ممالک ( بیلجیم ، لکسمبرگ ، اور نیدرلینڈ ) پر جرمنی کے حملے کا ایک حصہ تھا۔ یہ لڑائی 10 مئی 1940 سے اس وقت تک جاری رہی جب تک کہ اہم ڈچ فوج نے 14 تاریخ کو ہتھیار ڈال دیئے ۔ ڈچ فوجیوں نےصوبہ زیلینڈ میں 17 مئی تک جنگ جاری رکھی، جب جرمنی نے پورے ملک پر قبظہ کر لیا ۔"}351{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Battle of the Netherlands was one of the first major uses of paratroopers to land near important targets before ground troops reached the area. The German Luftwaffe used paratroopers to capture several major airfields in the Netherlands.", "target": "نیدرلینڈ کی جنگ زمینی فوج کے علاقے تک پہنچنے سے پہلے اہم اہداف کے قریب اترنے کے لئے پیراٹروپرز کا پہلا سب سے بڑا استعمال تھا۔ جرمن لوفٹ وفی نے نیدرلینڈ کے کئی بڑے ہوائی میدانوں پر قبضہ کرنے کے لئے پیراٹروپر استعمال کیے۔"}352{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The attack on The Hague was a failure. The paratroopers did not capture the main airfield at Ypenburg in time for the airborne infantry to land in their Junkers.", "target": "دی ہیگ پر حملہ ناکام ہونا تھا۔ پیراٹروپرس نے ہوائی جہاز سے چلنے والی پیدل فوج کو اپنے جنکرز میں اترنے کے لئے وقت پر یپین برگ کے مرکزی ہوائی فیلڈ پر قبضہ نہیں کیا۔ مشین لینڈ کی مدد سے پانچ لینڈسورکس نے اٹھارہ جنکرز کو تباہ کردیا ، جس سے متعدد فوجی ہلاک ہوگئے۔ [1]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}353{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Five Landsverks, assisted by machine guns, destroyed the eighteen Junkers, killing many troops.[111]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}354{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "When the airstrip was blocked by wrecks the remaining planes landed in meadows or on the beach, spreading out the troops.", "target": "جب فضائی پٹی کو ملبے کے ذریعہ روک دیا گیا تو باقی طیارے گھاس کا میدان یا ساحل سمندر پر اترے ، اور فوج کو پھیلا دیا۔ اوکین برگ کی چھوٹی ایئر فیلڈ جرمنوں نے قبضہ کرلی ۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}355{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Early in the afternoon they fired on by three Dutch artillery batteries.[112] Dutch artillery drove away the German troops from the other two airfields.[113]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}356{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "German losses on Waalhaven airfield were limited", "target": "والہاوین ایئر فیلڈ پر جرمنی کے نقصانات محدود تھے"}357{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The attack on Rotterdam was much more successful. Twelve Heinkel He 59 seaplanes landed in the city. They captured the Willemsbrug, a bridge over the Nieuwe Maas.[114] At the same time the military airfield of Waalhaven was attacked by airborne forces.[115]", "target": "روٹرڈیم پر حملہ زیادہ کامیاب رہا۔ بارہ ہینکل وہ 59 سمندری جہاز شہر میں اترا۔ انہوں نے نیوئماس پر ایک پل ، ولیمبرگ پر قبضہ کرلیا [1] اسی وقت والہاوین کی فوجی ہوائی فیلڈ پر ہوائی فورسز نے حملہ کیا۔ [2]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}358{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The first group of Junkers suffered no losses and the transports continued to land. In the end the Dutch defenders were defeated. The Germans occupied IJsselmonde.", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}359{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Royal Netherlands Navy's torpedo boats Z5 and TM 51 attacked the Willemsbrug. The destroyer HNLMS Van Galen sailed up the Nieuwe Waterweg to bomb the airfield, but the ship got bombed.", "target": "رائل نیدرلینڈ نیوی کی ٹارپیڈو کشتیاں زیڈ 5 اور ٹی ایم 51 نے ولیمبرگ پر حملہ کیا۔ تباہ کن HNLMS وان گیلن ایئرفیلڈ پر بمباری کے لئے نیو نیو واٹر وِگ کا جہاز چلا گیا ، لیکن جہاز پر بمباری ہوگئی۔ گن بوٹ HNLMS فلورز اور HNLMS جوہن ماریٹس وین ناسو کو بھیجنے کا منصوبہ روک دیا گیا۔ [1]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}360{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "A plan to send the gunboats HNLMS Flores and HNLMS Johan Maurits van Nassau was stopped.[116]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}361{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "At the Island of Dordrecht the Dordrecht bridge was captured but the Dutch fought on.[117] The long Moerdijk bridges were captured and fortified on the southern side.[118]", "target": "جزیرے ڈورڈرچٹ پر ڈورڈرچ پل پر قبضہ کرلیا گیا لیکن ڈچ نے اس پر لڑائی لڑی۔ [1] لمبی موردجک پلوں نے قبضہ کرلیا اور جنوب کی طرف مضبوط کیا گیا۔ [2]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}362{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "International stress grew in the late 1930s. Countries got concerned by the German occupation of the Rhineland in 1936; the Anschluss and Sudeten crisis of 1938; the German occupation of Bohemia and Moravia in 1939; and the Italian invasion of Albania in the spring of 1939.", "target": "1930 کی دہائی کے آخر میں بین الاقوامی تناؤ میں اضافہ ہوا۔ 1936 میں رائن لینڈ پر جرمنی کے قبضے سے ممالک تشویش میں مبتلا ہوگئے۔ 1938 کا اینسکلوس اور سوڈٹین بحران ۔ بوہیمیا اور موراویا پر جرمنی کا قبضہ 1939 میں؛ اور البانیہ پر اطالوی حملہ 1939 کے موسم بہار میں۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}363{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "After the failed assaults on the bridges, the German divisions began crossing over the rivers IJssel and Maas.", "target": "پلوں پر ناکام حملہ کے بعد ، جرمن ڈویژنوں نے آئی جے ایسل اور مااس ندیوں کو عبور کرنا شروع کیا۔ پہلے حملوں کو گولیوں سے آگ نے تباہ کردیا تھا۔ [1]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}364{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The first attacks were destroyed by fire from the pillboxes.[123]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}365{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "At most places, bombing destroyed the pillboxes and the infantry divisions crossed the river by building pontoon bridges. At Arnhem, Leibstandarte Der Fuehrer led the attack and advanced to the Grebbe Line, followed by 207.", "target": "زیادہ تر مقامات پر ، بمباری نے گولیوں کو تباہ کردیا اور پیدل فوجوں نے ڈنڈے کو پارون کے پل بنا کر عبور کیا۔ ارنہم میں ، لیبسٹینڈارٹ ڈیر فوہرر نے حملے کی راہنمائی کی اور 207 کے بعد ، گریک لائن کی طرف بڑھا ۔ انفنٹری ایڈیشن ۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}366{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "A withdrawal was planned for the first night after the invasion, in the darkness. Due to the rapid German advance a quick retreat was ordered at 06:45.[124] The corps joined \"Brigade G\",[125] six battalions already occupying the Waal-Linge line.", "target": "حملے کے بعد پہلی رات اندھیرے میں ، واپسی کا منصوبہ بنایا گیا تھا۔ تیز جرمن پیشرفت کی وجہ سے 06:45 بجے فوری اعتکاف کا حکم دیا گیا۔ [1] کور نے \"بریگیڈ جی\" میں شمولیت اختیار کی ، [2] چھ بٹالین پہلے ہی وال لنج لائن پر قابض ہیں۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}367{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Light Division, based at Vught, was the only force the Dutch Army had that could move about. Its withdrawal had been done a day early.", "target": "لائٹ ڈویژن، ووگھٹ میں بنیاد ، صرف مجبور ڈچ فوج کے بارے میں منتقل کر سکتے پڑا تھا. اس کا انخلا ایک دن قبل کیا گیا تھا۔ شام کے وقت اس کی رجمنت نورڈ دریا تک پہنچ چکی تھی۔ [1]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}368{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Its regiments had reached the Noord river in the evening.[126]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}369{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Meanwhile, on the evening of the 10th, around 22:00, French troops using Panhard 178 armoured cars started to arrive at the Dutch border. After them, the French 1st Mechanised Light Division moved forward.", "target": "دریں اثنا ، دس تاریخ کی شام ، تقریبا 22:00 بجے ، فرانسیسی فوج نے پینہارڈ 178 بکتر بند کاروں کا استعمال کرتے ہوئے ڈچ بارڈر پر پہنچنا شروع کیا۔ ان کے بعد ، فرانسیسی یکم میکانائزڈ لائٹ ڈویژن آگے بڑھا۔ فرانسیسیوں کو نورڈ-برانت کی طرف ڈچ فوج کے ساتھ آگے بڑھنے کی کوششیں اچھی طرح سے کام نہیں کر سکی۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}370{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Attempts to get the French to move forward with the Dutch troops towards Noord-Brabant did not work well.", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}371{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Colonel Schmidt at 20:30 ordered the Peel-Raam Position to be abandoned. He told his troops to go to the west at a new line at the Zuid-Willemsvaart canal.[128]", "target": "کرنل شمٹ نے 20:30 بجے پیل-رام پوزیشن کو ترک کرنے کا حکم دیا۔ انہوں نے اپنی فوج کو زیوڈ ولیمسورٹ نہر پر ایک نئی لائن پر مغرب کی طرف جانے کو کہا۔ [1]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}372{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In the North, by the end of the day, 1. Kavalleriedivision had reached the line Meppel–Groningen. They were delayed by Dutch teams blowing up 236 bridges.", "target": "شمال میں ، دن کے اختتام تک ، 1. کیوللیریڈیویشن میپل -گروننگنلائن پر پہنچ گیا تھا ۔ ڈچ ٹیموں نے 236 پل اڑا کر انہیں تاخیر کی۔ اس علاقے میں ڈچ فوج کی طاقت کمزور تھی۔ [1]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}373{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Dutch troop strength in that area was weak.[129]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}374{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "He thought that the German possession of the Moerdijk bridges would stop the movement of new Allied troops.[130]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}375{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Little was achieved this day. The attack by the Light Division against the airborne troops on IJsselmonde failed. The bridge over the river Noord was defended by the German paratroopers, and it was impossible to cross it.", "target": "اس دن بہت کم کامیابی حاصل کی گئی تھی۔ ایسیلمونڈ پر ہوائی جہاز کے فوجیوں کے خلاف لائٹ ڈویژن کا حملہ ناکام ہوگیا۔ دریائے نورڈ پر پل کا دفاع جرمن پیراٹروپرس نے کیا تھا ، اور اس کو عبور کرنا ناممکن تھا۔ کشتیوں کے ذریعے دریا عبور کرنے کی متعدد کوششیں کامیاب نہیں ہوسکیں۔ [1]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}376{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Several attempts to cross the river by boats were not that successful.[132]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}377{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "At 10:15, the Light Division was told to join the Dutch troops on the Island of Dordrecht.[133] After killing German troops on the Island of Dordrecht the division was to advance into IJsselmonde over the Dordrecht bridge to reach Rotterdam.", "target": "10: 15 بجے ، لائٹ ڈویژن کو بتایا گیا کہ وہ ڈورڈچٹ جزیرے پر ڈچ فوج میں شامل ہوجائیں۔ [1] ڈورڈریچ کے جزیرے پر جرمن فوجیوں کی ہلاکت کے بعد ڈویژن کو ڈورچکٹ پل کے اوپر سے جے جے ایسلمونڈ میں روٹرڈیم پہنچنے کے لئے جانا تھا۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}378{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Earlier during the day, two attempts were made by Dutch battalions to attack the western side of the German line. The First Battalion tried to attack the bridge at Barendrecht into IJsselmonde.[134] The second battalion tried to capture more land.[135]", "target": "اس سے قبل دن کے وقت ، ڈچ بٹالینوں نے جرمن لائن کے مغربی جانب حملہ کرنے کی دو کوششیں کیں۔ فرسٹ بٹالین نے برنڈرچٹ کے پل پر ایسیلمونڈ میں جانے کی کوشش کی۔ [1] دوسری بٹالین نے مزید اراضی پر قبضہ کرنے کی کوشش کی۔ [2]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}379{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Then a French force and another Dutch border battalion attacked the southern Moerdijk bridge, but the armoured cars were bombed by German Stukas and had to retreat.[137]", "target": "اس کے بعد ایک فرانسیسی فوج اور ایک اور ڈچ بارڈر بٹالین نے جنوبی مورڈجک پل پر حملہ کیا ، لیکن بکتر بند کاروں پر جرمن اسٹوکاس نے بمباری کی اور انہیں پیچھے ہٹنا پڑا۔ [1]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}380{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "General der Fallschirmjäger Kurt Student", "target": "جنرل ڈیر فالسچرمججر کرٹ سٹوڈنٹ"}381{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In Rotterdam, the Dutch failed to kill the German airborne troops from their bridge on the northern bank of the Maas.[1] The two remaining Dutch bombers failed to destroy the Willemsbrug. None of the attempts to kill the groups of 1600 paratroopers and airlanded forces was successful.", "target": "روٹرڈیم میں ، ڈچ مااس کے شمالی کنارے پر واقع اپنے پُل سے جرمن ہوائی جہازوں کو ہلاک کرنے میں ناکام رہے۔ [1] باقی دو ڈچ حملہ آور ولیمبرگ کو تباہ کرنے میں ناکام رہے۔ 1600 پیراٹروپر اور ایر لینڈڈ فورس کے گروپوں کو مارنے کی کوئی بھی کوشش کامیاب نہیں ہوسکی۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}382{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In North Brabant, the situation got worse. The French commanders of the 7th Army had expected that Dutch fighting would give them four days to build up a defensive line near Breda.", "target": "نارتھ بورنٹ میں ، صورتحال اور خراب ہوگئی۔ ساتویں فوج کے فرانسیسی کمانڈروں نے توقع کی تھی کہ ڈچ لڑائی انہیں بریڈا کے قریب دفاعی لائن بنانے میں چار دن کی مہلت دے گی۔ تاہم ، بہترین تین ڈویژنوں کو شمال منتقل کردیا گیا تھا اور باقی قوتیں پیچھے ہٹ رہی تھیں۔ [1]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}383{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "However, the best three divisions had been moved to the north and the remaining forces were retreating.[138]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}384{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The withdrawal of the Peel Division from the Peel-Raam Position to the Zuid-Willemsvaart, a canal to the west, meant leaving behind their trenches and artillery for a totally unprepared line. The eastern bank of the canal was higher than the western bank, providing excellent cover for the attackers.", "target": "پیل- رام پوزیشن سے مغرب کی ایک نہر زید-ولیمسارتٹ تک چھلکی ڈویژن کا انخلاء کا مطلب ہے کہ ان کی خندقوں اور توپ خانے کو پیچھے چھوڑ کر مکمل طور پر تیار نہیں ہے۔ نہر کا مشرقی کنارے مغربی کنارے سے اونچا تھا ، جو حملہ آوروں کے لئے بہترین احاطہ کرتا ہے۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}385{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "One part of the canal, near Heeswijk, was left undefended;[139] as this area contained a bridge which was not destroyed, the Germans were able to cross the canal around 13:00.", "target": "ہیس وِجک کے قریب نہر کا ایک حصہ بغیر کسی رکاوٹ کے بچ گیا تھا۔ [1] چونکہ اس علاقے میں ایک پُل موجود تھا جو تباہ نہیں ہوا تھا ، جرمنی 13:00 بجے کے قریب نہر عبور کرنے میں کامیاب رہا۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}386{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "A second crossing at Erp, led to a collapse of the line.[140] By the end of the 11th, the Germans had crossed the Zuid-Willemsvaart at most places and the Peel Division had fallen apart.[2] The French refused to advance further to the northeast than Tilburg, apart from some armoured cars that went as far as Berlicum.", "target": "ایرپ پر ایک دوسری کراسنگ ، لائن کے خاتمے کا باعث بنی۔ [1] گیارہویں کے آخر تک ، جرمن بیشتر مقامات پر زیوڈ ولیمسارت کو عبور کر چکے تھے اور چھلکا ڈویژن الگ ہو گیا تھا۔ [2] برلن تک جانے والی کچھ بکتر بند گاڑیوں کے علاوہ فرانسیسیوں نے ٹلبرگ کے بجائے شمال مشرق میں مزید جانے سے انکار کردیا۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}387{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Dutch army was ready by 24 August and set up in trenches.[15] Large amounts of money (almost 900 million guilders) were spent on defence.[16] It was very difficult to obtain new weapons in wartime.", "target": "ڈچ فوج 24 اگست تک تیار ہوگئی اور خندقوں میں کھڑا ہوگئی۔ [1] دفاع میں بڑی رقم (تقریبا 900 ملین گلڈرز ) خرچ ہوئی۔ [2] جنگ کے وقت نئے ہتھیاروں کا حصول بہت مشکل تھا۔ ڈچ نے جرمنی سے کچھ سامان منگوائے تھے ، جس کی فراہمی میں تاخیر ہوئی۔ [3]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}388{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Dutch had ordered some equipment from Germany, which delayed deliveries.[17]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}389{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "As the German bombing had cut the telephone lines, no artillery could be requested by the Dutch defenders.", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}390{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The vegetation offered good cover for the attackers.[144] At noon, the Germans broke a hole at the extreme north.[145] By evening, all outposts were held by the Germans.[146]", "target": "پودوں نے حملہ آوروں کے لئے اچھا احاطہ کیا۔ [1] دوپہر کے وقت ، جرمنوں نے انتہائی شمال میں ایک چھید توڑا۔ [2] شام تک ، تمام چوکیوں کو جرمنوں نے روک لیا۔ [3]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}391{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The commander of 2nd Army Corps, Major-General Jacob Harberts, did not realise that motorised SS troops had been involved in the attack. He thought that the outposts had surrendered to a small German force.[147] He ordered a night attack by the single reserve battalion of 4th Division.[148]", "target": "دوسری آرمی کور کے کمانڈر میجر جنرل جیکب ہاربرٹس کو اس بات کا احساس نہیں تھا کہ موٹرسائیکل ایس ایس فوجی اس حملے میں ملوث تھے۔ اس کا خیال تھا کہ چوکیوں نے ایک چھوٹی جرمن فورس کے سامنے ہتھیار ڈال دیئے ہیں۔ [1] انہوں نے چوتھی ڈویژن کی واحد ریزرو بٹالین کے ذریعہ رات کے حملے کا حکم دیا۔ [2]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}392{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Most Dutch troops had been evacuated from the north.[150]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}393{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "On the morning of 12 May General Winkelman still had hope.[151] He thought a defence line could be set up in North Brabant with the help of the French. He also expected that the Dutch could kill the German airborne forces.", "target": "12 مئی کی صبح جنرل ونکل مین کو ابھی بھی امید تھی۔ [1] ان کا خیال تھا کہ فرانسیسیوں کی مدد سے نارتھ بورنٹ میں ایک دفاعی لائن قائم کی جاسکتی ہے۔ انہوں نے یہ بھی توقع کی کہ ڈچ جرمن ہوائی افواج کو ہلاک کرسکتے ہیں۔ وہ گریب لائن لائن کو کسی خطرہ سے آگاہ نہیں تھا۔ [2]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}394{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "He was not aware of any danger to the Grebbe Line.[152]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}395{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "2e Brigade Légère Mécanique retreated to the south.", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}396{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The 9th Panzer Division took Colonel Schmidt prisoner. The Dutch troops in the province lost all command.[153] Shortly after noon the German armoured cars got thirty kilometres more to the west, cutting off the Fortress Holland from the Allied main force.", "target": "نویں پینزر ڈویژن نے کرنل شمٹ کو قیدی بنا لیا۔ صوبے میں ہالینڈ کی فوجیں تمام کمانڈ سے محروم ہوگئیں۔ [1] دوپہر کے فورا بعد ہی جرمن بکتر بند گاڑیاں مغرب کی طرف تیس کلومیٹر مزید دور ہوگئیں ، اور اس نے اتحادی فوج کی کلی سے فورٹریس ہالینڈ کا راستہ منقطع کردیا۔ 16:45 بجے وہ پلوں پر پہنچ گئے تھے۔ [2]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}397{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "At 16:45 they had reached the bridges.[154]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}398{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "A lot of the defence funds were used for the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia). A lot of the money was spent on a plan to build three battle cruisers.[18]", "target": "ڈچ ایسٹ انڈیز (اب انڈونیشیا ) کے لئے بہت سارے دفاعی فنڈز استعمال کیے گئے تھے۔ بہت ساری رقم تین جنگی کروزر بنانے کے منصوبے پر خرچ ہوئی۔ [1]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}399{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Light Division tried to recapture the Island of Dordrecht by advancing with four battalions with little artillery support.[156] On its left side, where there was almost no enemies, the advance went well. The battalion on the right side ran into an attacking German battalion.[157] In the street fighting the German troops blocked the battalion. The other Dutch units then halted their advance around noon.", "target": "لائٹ ڈویژن نے چار بٹالینوں کے ساتھ تھوڑا سا توپ خانے کی مدد سے آگے بڑھ کر جزیرے ڈورڈرچ پر قبضہ کرنے کی کوشش کی۔ [1] اس کی بائیں طرف ، جہاں تقریبا کوئی دشمن نہیں تھا ، پیش قدمی اچھی طرح سے چل رہی تھی۔ دائیں طرف کی بٹالین حملہ آور جرمن بٹالین میں داخل ہوگئی۔ [2] گلی میں لڑائی میں جرمن فوجیوں نے بٹالین روک دی۔ اس کے بعد دیگر ڈچ یونٹوں نے دوپہر کے قریب اپنی پیش قدمی روک دی۔ اس دن کوئی حملہ نہیں ہوا تھا۔ [3]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}400{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "No attack was made that day.[158]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}401{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Most Dutch commanders did not attack.[159]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}402{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In the east the Germans attacked the Dutch defenders on the Grebbeberg. After artillery bombing in the morning, at around noon a battalion of Der Fuehrer attacked the main line, occupied by a Dutch company.[160]", "target": "مشرق میں جرمنیوں نے گریب برگ پر ہالینڈ کے محافظوں پر حملہ کیا۔ صبح کے وقت توپ خانے پر بمباری کے بعد ، تقریبا دوپہر کے قریب ڈیر فوہرر کی ایک بٹالین نے ڈچ کمپنی کے زیر قبضہ مین لائن پر حملہ کیا۔ [1]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}403{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Low Countries' position between France and Germany made the area a good route for either side to attack the other. In a 20 January 1940 radio speech, Winston Churchill tried to get the Dutch to join with the British.[19] Both the Belgians and the Dutch refused, even though Belgium had learned about Germany's plans to attack.[20]", "target": "فرانس اور جرمنی کے مابین نشیبی ممالک(نشیبستان) کی پوزیشن نے علاقے کو دوسری طرف حملہ کرنے کے لئے ایک اچھا راستہ بنایا۔ 20 جنوری 1940 کی ریڈیو تقریر میں ، ونسٹن چرچل نے ڈچوں کو انگریزوں کے ساتھ شامل ہونے کی کوشش کی۔ [1] بیلجیم اور ڈچ دونوں نے انکار کردیا ، حالانکہ بیلجیم نے جرمنی کے حملے کے منصوبوں کے بارے میں جان لیا تھا۔ [2]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}404{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "General Winkelman ordered the artillery bin the Hoekse Waard to try to destroy the Moerdijk bridges and sent a team to Rotterdam to blow up the Willemsbrug. He also ordered the oil reserves of Royal Dutch Shell at Pernis to be set on fire.[166]", "target": "جنرل ونکل مین نے توپ خان بن ہویکس وارڈ کو مورڈجک پلوں کو تباہ کرنے کی کوشش کرنے کا حکم دیا اور ولیسٹربرگ کو اڑانے کے لئے ایک ٹیم روٹرڈیم بھیج دی۔ انہوں نے پرنس میں واقع رائل ڈچ شیل کے تیل کے ذخائر کو بھی نذر آتش کرنے کا حکم دیا۔ [1]"}405{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Dutch government asked Winston Churchill for three British divisions to battle the Germans. The new prime minister said he did not have any reserves; however, three British torpedo boats were sent to Lake IJssel.[167] Also, 2nd Welsh Guard battalion was prepared to be sent, but it was too late.", "target": "ڈچ حکومت نے ونسٹن چرچل سے تین برطانوی ڈویژنوں سے جرمنوں سے لڑنے کے لئے کہا۔ نئے وزیر اعظم نے کہا کہ ان کے پاس ذخائر نہیں ہیں۔ تاہم ، تین برطانوی ٹورپیڈو کشتیاں ایسیل جھیل پر بھیج دی گئیں۔ [1] نیز ، دوسری ویلش گارڈ بٹالین بھیجنے کے لئے تیار تھی ، لیکن اس میں بہت دیر ہوچکی تھی۔"}406{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The German command was very happy with the day's events. von Bock had requested another Army Corps.[1][168] The French were retreating. von Bock decided to follow the French south towards Antwerp. Some forces would be sent to advance north with 254. Infanteriedivision, most of 9.", "target": "اس دن کے واقعات سے جرمن کمانڈ بہت خوش تھا۔ وان بوک نے ایک اور آرمی کور کی درخواست کی تھی۔ [1] [2] فرانسیسی پیچھے ہٹ رہے تھے۔ وان باک نے فرانسیسی جنوب کی انٹورپ کی طرف پیروی کرنے کا فیصلہ کیا۔ کچھ افواج کو 254 کے ساتھ شمال میں آگے بڑھنے کے لئے بھیجا جائے گا ۔ انفینٹری ڈویژن ، 9 میں سے زیادہ تر. پینزرڈیویژن ، اور ایس ایس لیبسٹینڈرٹی ایڈولف ہٹلر ۔ [3]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}407{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Panzerdivision, and SS Leibstandarte Adolf Hitler.[169]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}408{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In the early morning of 13 May General Winkelman told the Dutch government that there were serious problems. On land the Dutch had been cut off from the Allied front and no major Allied landings were planned by sea.", "target": "13 مئی کی صبح کو جنرل ونکل مین نے ہالینڈ کی حکومت کو بتایا کہ شدید مشکلات ہیں۔ زمین پر الائیڈ فرنٹ سے ہالینڈ کا رابطہ منقطع ہوچکا تھا اور سمندر کے ذریعہ الائیڈ لینڈ سے کوئی بڑی لینڈنگ کا منصوبہ نہیں تھا۔ حمایت کے بغیر ، کامیاب مزاحمت کی کوئی امید نہیں تھی۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}409{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Without support, there was no hope of successful resistance.", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}410{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "German tanks might quickly pass through Rotterdam; Winkelman had already ordered all antitank-guns to be placed around The Hague, to protect the government. However, a collapse of the Dutch defences might still be prevented if attacks could seal off the southern front near Dordrecht and restore the eastern line at the Grebbeberg.", "target": "جرمن ٹینک جلدی سے روٹرڈم سے گزر سکتے ہیں۔ ونکیل مین نے پہلے ہی ہیٹ کے گرد تمام اینٹیٹینک گنیں حکومت کے تحفظ کے لئے لگانے کا حکم دے دیا تھا۔ تاہم ، اگر ڈورڈرچٹ کے قریب جنوبی محاذ پر حملے اور گریب برگ میں مشرقی لائن کو بحال کیا جاسکتا ہے تو ڈچ دفاعوں کے خاتمے کو ابھی بھی روکا جاسکتا ہے۔ لہذا ، کابینہ نے لڑائی جاری رکھنے کا فیصلہ کیا ، [1] جب اس نے سوچا کہ اسے فوج کو ہتھیار ڈالنے کا اختیار فراہم کرنا ہے۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}411{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The previous evening, the Queen's only child and Princess Juliana, together with her husband and their children, had departed from IJmuiden on HMS Codrington for Harwich.[173]", "target": "پچھلی شام ، ملکہ کا اکلوتا بچہ اور شہزادی جولیانا ، اپنے شوہر اور ان کے بچوں کے ساتھ ، ہارویچ کے لئے ایچ ایم ایس کوڈرنگٹن پر آئی جےیوڈین سے روانہ ہوگئیں۔ [1]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}412{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Allies planned to attack Germany in the summer of 1941. The French thought about going against the neutrality of the Low Countries and attacking them if they had not joined the Allies before then. If Germany attacked the Netherlands, the Allies would have to go through Belgium.", "target": "اتحادیوں نے 1941 کے موسم گرما میں جرمنی پر حملہ کرنے کا منصوبہ بنایا تھا۔ فرانسیسیوں نے نشیبی ممالک(نشیبستان) کی غیرجانبداری کے خلاف جانے اور ان پر حملہ کرنے کے بارے میں سوچا اگر وہ اس سے پہلے اتحادیوں میں شامل نہیں ہوتے تھے۔ اگر جرمنی نے نیدرلینڈ پر حملہ کیا تو اتحادی ممالک کو بیلجیئم سے گزرنا ہوگا۔ اتحادیوں کو یہ بھی خدشہ تھا کہ نیدرلینڈز اپنی سرزمین کے جنوبی حصے میں جرمنی کی فوج کو بیلجیم میں داخلے کی اجازت دے سکتا ہے۔ [1]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}413{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Allies also worried that the Netherlands might allow a German army into Belgium through the southern part of their lands.[21]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}414{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "As the Queen was part of the government, when she left, the cabinet had to whether to follow her or remain. After many discussions it was decided to leave also: the ministers sailed at 19:20 from Hoek van Holland on HMS Windsor to form a government in exile in London.[174]", "target": "چونکہ ملکہ حکومت کا حصہ تھی ، جب وہ چلی گئی ، کابینہ کو ان کے پیچھے چلنا تھا یا رہنا تھا۔ بہت ساری بحث و مباحثے کے بعد یہ بھی چھوڑنے کا فیصلہ کیا گیا: وزراء لندن میں جلاوطنی کی حکومت بنانے کے لئے ایچ ایم ایس ونڈسر پر ہوک وین ہالینڈ سے 19: 20 پر روانہ ہوئے۔ [1]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}415{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "While two tank companies of 9. Panzerdivision remained to pursue the French, the other four began to cross the Moerdijk bridge at 05:20.[1] Two staff companies with tanks also went to the northern side.", "target": "جب کہ 9 کی دو ٹینک کمپنیاں ۔ پینزرڈویژن فرانسیسیوں کا پیچھا کرنا باقی رہا ، باقی چاروں نے 05:20 بجے مورڈجک پل کو عبور کرنا شروع کیا۔ [1] ٹینکوں والی دو عملہ کمپنیاں بھی شمال کی طرف گئیں۔ ڈچ نے جرمن کوچ کو روکنے کی کوشش کی۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}416{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Dutch attempted to block the German armour.", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}417{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "At around 06:00 the last medium bomber, a Fokker T. V, dropped two bombs on the bridge. The one bomb that hit the bridge did not explode. The bomber was shot down.", "target": "تقریبا 06 06:00 بجے آخری میڈیم بمبار ، ایک فوکر ٹی وی نے پل پر دو بم گرائے۔ پل پر لگا ایک بم پھٹا نہیں تھا۔ حملہ آور کو گولی مار دی گئی۔ ڈچ نے توپ خانے میں آگ لگانے سے پل کو تباہ کرنے کی کوشش کی ، لیکن پل کو تھوڑا سا نقصان پہنچا تھا۔ [1] ڈورڈرچ جزیرے میں سیلاب کی کوششیں ناکام ہوگئیں۔ [2]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}418{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Dutch tried to destroy the bridge by artillery fire, but the bridge was only slightly damaged.[176] Attempts to flood the Island of Dordrecht failed.[177]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}419{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The left part of the Light Division then withdrew to the Alblasserwaard at around 13:00.[179]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}420{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "A tank company also tried to capture the Dordrecht, but it was ordered to retreat after heavy street fighting.[180] in At least two Panzerkampfwagen IIs were destroyed and three tanks heavily damaged.", "target": "ایک ٹینک کمپنی نے ڈورڈرچٹ پر بھی قبضہ کرنے کی کوشش کی ، لیکن سڑک کی شدید لڑائی کے بعد اسے پیچھے ہٹنے کا حکم دیا گیا۔ [1] کم از کم دو پینزرکمپف ویگن II کو تباہ اور تین ٹینکوں کو بھاری نقصان پہنچا۔ رات کے وقت تمام ڈچ فوجی جزیرے سے واپس لے لی گئیں۔ [2]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}421{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "All Dutch troops were withdrawn from the island in the night.[181]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}422{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "All of them were destroyed by a single 47 mm antitank-gun. Though the Germans did not make another attack, this area was abandoned by the Dutch troops.[1]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}423{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In Rotterdam a last attempt was made to blow up the Willemsbrug.[182] Two Dutch companies attacked the bridge.[2] The bridge was reached and the fifty German almost surrendered.", "target": "روٹرڈم میں آخری کوشش کی گئی تھی کہ ولیمبرگ کو اڑا دیا جائے۔ [1] دو ڈچ کمپنیوں نے پل پر حملہ کیا۔ [2] پل پہنچ گیا تھا اور پچاس جرمن تقریبا ہتھیار ڈال چکے تھے۔ تاہم ، یہ حملہ دریا کے دوسری طرف سے شدید آگ کی وجہ سے رک گیا تھا۔ [3]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}424{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "However, the attack was stopped because of heavy fire from the other side of the river.[183]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}425{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Dutch government never decided what to do. Most of the ministers wanted to resist an attack. A minority refused to become a German ally.[22] The Dutch tried to organize a peace settlement between the Allies and Germany.[23]", "target": "ڈچ حکومت نے کبھی فیصلہ نہیں کیا کہ کیا کرنا ہے۔ بیشتر وزراء حملے کی مزاحمت کرنا چاہتے تھے۔ ایک اقلیت نے جرمنی کا اتحادی بننے سے انکار کردیا۔ [1] ڈچ نے اتحادیوں اور جرمنی کے مابین امن سمجھوتے کو منظم کرنے کی کوشش کی۔ [2]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}426{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In the North, the commander of 1. Kavalleriedivision, Major General Kurt Feldt, had to go over the Enclosure Dike because of a lack of ships.[1] The main fortifications contained 47 mm antitank-guns.", "target": "شمال میں ، 1 کا کمانڈر ۔ کیولریریڈیویژن ، میجر جنرل کرٹ فیلڈ ، جہازوں کی کمی کی وجہ سے انکلوژر ڈائک کے اوپر جانا پڑا۔ [1] مرکزی قلعوں میں 47 تھے ملی میٹر اینٹیٹینک گنیں۔ کسی حملہ آور کے لئے کوئی کور نہیں تھا۔ [2]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}427{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Several air attacks on 13 May had little effect.[1] In the late afternoon five sections tried to attack under cover of an artillery bombing, but soon fled after being fired upon.[186]", "target": "13 مئی کو ہوئے کئی فضائی حملوں کا بہت کم اثر ہوا۔ [1] دوپہر کے آخر میں پانچ حصوں نے توپ خانے کے بم حملے کی زد میں آکر حملہ کرنے کی کوشش کی ، لیکن جلد ہی فائرنگ کی گئی۔ [2]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}428{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In the East the Germans tried to attack the Grebbe Line by using the other division of X. AK, 227. Infanteriedivision.[187] The line was in this area defended by the Dutch 2nd Infantry Division. Two German regiments were to attack.[188] The 366.", "target": "مشرق میں جرمنوں نے X. AK ، 227 کی دوسری ڈویژن کا استعمال کرکے گریب لائن پر حملہ کرنے کی کوشش کی ۔ انفنٹری ایڈیشن ۔ [1] لائن اس علاقے میں تھی جس کا دفاع ڈچ سیکنڈ انفنٹری ڈویژن نے کیا۔ دو جرمن رجمنٹ حملہ کرنے والے تھے۔ [2] 366۔ انفنٹریریگیمنٹ ڈچ توپ خانے میں آگ لگ گئی اور اسے پیچھے ہٹنا پڑا۔ اس کے نتیجے میں 227 انفنٹیریڈویژن نے حملہ ناکام کردیا۔ [3]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}429{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Infanterieregiment was hit by Dutch artillery fire and had to withdraw. This led to the failure of the attack by 227 Infanteriedivision.[189]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}430{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "On the south of the Grebbe Line, the Grebbeberg, the Germans were now using three SS battalions. During the evening and night of 12–13 May the Dutch had a dozen[190] However, not all of these units could be put together to attack the main line.[2]", "target": "گریب برگ لائن کے جنوب میں ، جرمن اب ایس ایس کی تین بٹالین استعمال کر رہے تھے۔ 12 تا 13 مئی کی شام اور رات کے دوران ڈچ کے پاس ایک درجن تھا [1] تاہم ، ان تمام اکائیوں کو مرکزی لائن پر حملہ کرنے کے لئے اکٹھا نہیں کیا جاسکا۔ [2]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}431{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "This Dutch attack was delayed for several hours. When it started in the morning of 13 May, it ran into an attack by two battalions of Der Fuehrer.[191] A fight followed in which the Dutch were beaten by the SS troops. Soon this resulted in a withdrawal of the brigade.", "target": "اس ڈچ حملے میں کئی گھنٹوں تک تاخیر ہوئی۔ جب اس کا آغاز 13 مئی کی صبح ہوا ، تو اس پر ڈیئر فوہرر کی دو بٹالینوں کے حملہ ہوا۔ [1] اس لڑائی کے بعد ڈچوں کو ایس ایس کے دستوں نے شکست دی۔ جلد ہی اس کا نتیجہ بریگیڈ سے دستبردار ہوگیا۔ ڈچ ہار گئے جب گریب برگ کے علاقے میں 27 جولائی 87 اسٹوکاس نے بمباری کی۔ [2]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}432{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Dutch lost when the Grebbeberg area was bombed by 27 Ju 87 Stukas.[192]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}433{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "A second attack managed to get past the trench line, which then was captured after heavy fighting.[193][194]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}434{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Germans planned to attack and take the Rhenen line and the village of Achterberg.", "target": "جرمنوں نے رینن لائن اور اچٹربرگ گاؤں پر حملہ اور قبضہ کرنے کا منصوبہ بنایا۔ تاہم ، ڈچ پہلے ہی غائب ہوچکے تھے۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}435{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "After the German invasion of Norway and Denmark, followed by a warning by Japan that a German attack on the Netherlands was going to happen,[24] the Dutch military knew they would have to fight. They started to prepare for war.", "target": "جرمنی کے ناروے اور ڈنمارک پر حملے کے بعد ، جاپان کی طرف سے ایک انتباہ کے بعد کہ ہالینڈ پر جرمنی کا حملہ ہونے والا ہے ، [1] ڈچ فوج جانتی تھی کہ انھیں لڑنا ہوگا۔ انہوں نے جنگ کی تیاری شروع کردی۔ ڈچ سرحدی فوج کو الرٹ کردیا گیا۔ [2]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}436{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Dutch border troops were put on alert.[25]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}437{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "But Dutch command had lost control, so they could not get their defences set up again. A 8 km (5.0 mi) wide gap had appeared in the defences.", "target": "لیکن ڈچ کمانڈ کا کنٹرول ختم ہوگیا تھا ، لہذا وہ اپنے دفاع کو دوبارہ قائم نہیں کرسکے۔ ا دفاع میں وسیع و عریض فرق آگیا۔ 20:30 پر وان ورسٹ ٹوٹ ورسٹ نے تینوں آرمی کور کو گربھ لائن اور وال لنج پوزیشن ترک کرنے اور پیچھے ہٹ جانے کا حکم دیا۔ [1]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}438{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "At 20:30 Van Voorst tot Voorst ordered the three Army Corps to abandon the Grebbe Line and the Waal-Linge Position and to retreat.[199]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}439{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Despite his loss of hope and the power he had been given to surrender the Army, General Winkelman avoided surrendering until he had to. He wanted to battle the German troops for as long as possible, to help the Allied war effort.[200][201]", "target": "اپنی امید سے محروم ہونے اور فوج کو ہتھیار ڈالنے کے لئے دی جانے والی طاقت کے باوجود ، جنرل ونکل مین اس وقت تک ہتھیار ڈالنے سے گریز کرتے تھے جب تک کہ انہیں اس کی ضرورت نہیں پڑتی تھی۔ وہ جب تک ممکن ہوسکے ، جرمن فوج سے لڑنا ، اتحادیوں کی جنگی کوششوں میں مدد کرنا چاہتا تھا۔ [1] [2]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}440{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In the North, a German artillery bombardment of the Kornwerderzand Position began at 09:00. However, the German batteries were forced to move away after being fired on from the 15 cm. aft cannon of Hr. Ms. Johan Maurits van Nassau.[202] Feldt now decided to land on the coast of North-Holland.", "target": "شمال میں ، کارنورڈرزینڈ پوزیشن پر جرمنی کے توپ خانے کا بمباری صبح 09 بجے شروع ہوئی۔ تاہم ، جرمن بیٹریاں 15سینٹی میٹر توپ سے فائر ہونے کے بعد وہاں سے ہٹ جانے پر مجبور ہوگئیں جوہن ماریٹس وین نسو ۔ [1] فیلڈٹ نے اب شمالی ہالینڈ کے ساحل پر اترنے کا فیصلہ کیا ہے۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}441{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In the East, the field army withdrew from the Grebbe Line to the East Front. The new position had some problems.", "target": "مشرق میں ، فیلڈ آرمی گریبی لائن سے مشرقی محاذ کی طرف واپس چلی گئی۔ نئی پوزیشن میں کچھ دشواری تھی۔ سیلاب زیادہ تر ابھی تک تیار نہیں تھا اور ابھی تک آتشبازی کا کام نہیں ہوا تھا۔ [1]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}442{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The flooding was mostly not yet ready and the earthworks had not yet been constructed.[204]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}443{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Then SS Leibstandarte Adolf Hitler would cross. East of Rotterdam, a battalion of the 16th Infantry Regiment of 22. Luftlandedivision would cross on boats.", "target": "تب ایس ایس لیبسٹینڈارٹ ایڈولف ہٹلر پار ہوجاتا۔ روٹرڈم کا مشرق ، 22 کی 16 ویں انفنٹری رجمنٹ کی ایک بٹالین۔ لوفٹ لینڈ ڈویژن کشتیوں پر سے گزرے گی۔"}444{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The battle ended soon after the terrible bombing of Rotterdam by the German Luftwaffe. The Germans threatened to bomb other large Dutch cities if Dutch forces refused to surrender. The Dutch surrendered to prevent other cities from being destroyed.", "target": "جرمن لفٹ وافے کے ذریعہ روٹرڈم پر خوفناک بمباری کے بعد جنگ جلد ہی ختم ہوگئی۔ جرمنوں کی دھمکی دی کہ دوسرے بڑے ڈچ شہروں کو بمباری سے تباہ کر دیا جائے گا اگر ڈچ افواج کو ہتھیار ڈالنے سے انکار کر دیا دیگر شہروں کو تباہ ہونے سے بچانے کے لئے ڈچ نے ہتھیار ڈال دیئے۔ نیدرلینڈ پر 1945 تک جرمنی کا قبضہ تھا ، جب ڈچ کا علاقہ آزاد کیا گیا تھا۔"}445{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Reports of a Fifth Column (enemy agents acting in a country) in Scandinavia caused fears that the Netherlands also had German agents and traitors.[26] The Dutch prepared for attacks on airfields and ports.[27]", "target": "اسکینڈینیویا میں پانچویں کالم (دشمن کے ایجنٹ کسی ملک میں کام کرنے والی) کی اطلاعات کے سبب یہ خدشہ پیدا ہوا کہ نیدرلینڈ میں بھی جرمن ایجنٹ اور غدار ہیں۔ [1] ڈچوں نے ہوائی میدانوں اور بندرگاہوں پر حملوں کے لئے تیار کیا۔ [2]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}446{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The surrender of the Dutch Army", "target": "ڈچ آرمی کا ہتھیار ڈالنا"}447{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "On 19 April, the Netherlands declared a state of emergency.[28] However, most civilians thought their country might not have a war.[29][30] The Dutch hoped to avoid a war with terrible numbers of deaths. On 10 April, Britain and France again asked the Dutch to enter the war on the Allies' side.", "target": "19 اپریل کو ، ہالینڈ نے ہنگامی حالت کا اعلان کیا۔ [1] تاہم ، زیادہ تر شہریوں کا خیال تھا کہ شاید ان کے ملک میں جنگ نہ ہو۔ [2] [3] ڈچ نے امید کی تھی کہ وہ بہت سے اموات کے ساتھ کسی جنگ سے گریز کرے۔ 10 اپریل کو ، برطانیہ اور فرانس نے ایک بار پھر ڈچوں سے اتحادیوں کی طرف سے جنگ میں داخل ہونے کو کہا۔ ایک بار پھر ، ڈچوں نے انکار کردیا۔ [4]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}448{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "He got a message from Colonel Cuno Eduard Willem baron van Voorst tot Voorst, the commander of the city of Utrecht, that the Germans demanded its surrender. Messages were dropped by planes saying that only surrender would stop the city from being destroyed.[218]", "target": "اسے اتریچٹ شہر کے کمانڈر کرنل کونو ایڈورڈ ولیم بیرن وین ٹور ورسٹ کا پیغام ملا کہ جرمنوں نے اس کے حوالے کرنے کا مطالبہ کیا ہے۔ ہوائی جہازوں کے ذریعہ یہ پیغامات بھیجے گئے کہ صرف ہتھیار ڈالنے سے ہی شہر کو تباہ ہونے سے بچایا جائے گا۔ [1]"}449{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "On the morning of 14 May the commander of the Royal Dutch Navy, Vice-Admiral Johannes Furstner, left the country to continue the fight.[1] Dutch naval vessels were generally not included in the surrender. Eight ships had already departed,[222] some smaller vessels were sunk, and nine others sailed for England in the evening of 14 May. The Hr. Ms. Johan Maurits van Nassau was sunk by German bombers while crossing.[223]", "target": "14 مئی کی صبح ، رائل ڈچ نیوی کے کمانڈر ، نائب ایڈمرل جوہانس فرسٹنر ، جنگ جاری رکھنے کے لئے ملک چھوڑ گئے۔ [1] ہتھیار ڈالنے میں عمومی طور پر ڈچ بحری جہاز شامل نہیں تھے۔ آٹھ جہاز پہلے ہی روانہ ہوچکے ہیں ، [2] کچھ چھوٹے جہاز ڈوب گئے تھے ، اور نو دیگر 14 مئی کی شام انگلینڈ روانہ ہوئے تھے۔ HR جوہن ماریٹس وین نسو کو پار کرنے کے دوران جرمن بمباروں نے ڈوبا۔ [3]"}450{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "They were commanded by Rear-Admiral Hendrik Jan van der Stad.[1] The area was under naval command because of the naval port of Flushing on the island of Walcheren. The northern islands of the province were almost undefended apart from some platoons.", "target": "ان کا کمان ریئر ایڈمرل ہینڈرک جان وین ڈیر اسٹڈ نے دیا تھا۔ [1] یہ علاقہ بحریہ کے زیر انتظام تھا کیونکہ والچیرن جزیرے پر بحری بندرگاہ فلشنگ کی وجہ سے تھا۔ اس صوبے کے شمالی جزیرے کچھ پلاٹونوں کے علاوہ تقریبا ناقابل تلافی تھے۔"}451{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Battle of Belgium Battle of France", "target": "بیلجیم کی لڑائی فرانس کی لڑائی"}452{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Other websitess", "target": "بیرونی روابط"}453{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In the Netherlands, a good defence was possible. The land helped the defender, and there was a strong industrial base, including an arms industry.", "target": "نیدرلینڈ میں ، ایک اچھا دفاع ممکن تھا۔ اس زمین نے محافظ کی مدد کی ، اور اسلحہ کی صنعت سمیت ایک مضبوط صنعتی اڈہ تھا۔ وہرماچٹ میں سازوسامان اور تربیت کی کمی تھی ، لیکن ڈچ فوج بہت کمزور تھی۔ [1]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}454{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Wehrmacht lacked equipment and training, but the Dutch army was very weak.[32]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}455{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Germans had better equipment than the Netherlands. The modern German army had tanks and dive bombers (such as the Junkers Ju 87 Stuka).", "target": "ہالینڈ کے مقابلے جرمنوں کے پاس بہتر سامان تھا۔ جدید جرمن فوج کے پاس ٹینک اور غوطہ خور بمبار تھے (جیسے جنکرز جو 87 اسٹوکا )۔ ڈچ فوج کی آرمڈ فورسز صرف 39 تھے بکتر بند گاڑیوں اور پانچ ٹینکیٹ ، اور فضائیہ بائی پیلن تھے۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}456{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Dutch army's armoured forces were only 39 armoured cars and five tankettes, and an air force of biplanes.", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}457{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Dutch military had not got much new equipment since before the First World War.[33][34] During the 1920s, the Dutch government limited their defense budget because of an economic recession that lasted from 1920 until 1927.[3] In that decade, only 1.5 million guilders per year was spent on equipment.[35][36] Only in February 1936 was a bill passed creating a special 53.4 million guilder defence fund.[6]", "target": "پہلی جنگ عظیم سے قبل ڈچ فوج کے پاس اتنا نیا سامان نہیں ملا تھا۔ [1] [2] 1920 کی دہائی کے دوران، ڈچ حکومت کی وجہ سے ایک اقتصادی کے ان کے دفاعی بجٹ محدود کساد بازاری 1927. جب تک 1920 سے جاری رہی ہے کہ [3] اس دہائی میں ، ہر سال صرف 15 لاکھ گلڈرز سامان پر خرچ ہوئے تھے۔ [4] [5] صرف فروری 1936 میں ایک بل منظور ہوا جس میں ایک خاص 53.4 ملین گلڈر دفاعی فنڈ تشکیل دیا گیا۔ [6]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}458{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The lack of trained troops, a large professional organization, or good weapons made it hard to make the Dutch forces larger.[37] There was just enough artillery for the larger units.", "target": "تربیت یافتہ فوجیوں ، ایک بڑی پیشہ ور تنظیم ، یا اچھے ہتھیاروں کی کمی کی وجہ سے ہالینڈ کی افواج کو بڑا کرنا مشکل ہوگیا۔ [1] بڑی اکائیوں کے لئے ابھی کافی توپ خانہ موجود تھا۔ دشمن کی نقل و حرکت میں تاخیر کے لئے ہلکی انفنٹری بٹالین پورے ملک میں پھیلی ہوئی تھی۔ [2]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}459{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The only modern fortification was the one at Kornwerderzand.", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}460{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Total Dutch forces were 48 regiments of infantry, as well as 22 infantry battalions for border defence. In comparison, Belgium had 22 full divisions and 30 divisions when smaller units were included.", "target": "کل ڈچ افواج 48 تھے ریجیمیںٹوں انفنٹری کے، کے ساتھ ساتھ سرحدی دفاع کے لیے 22 انفینٹری بٹالین. اس کے مقابلے میں ، بیلجیئم میں 22 مکمل ڈویژنز اور 30 ڈویژنز تھے جب چھوٹے یونٹ شامل تھے۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}461{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "After September 1939, the Dutch tried to improve the situation, but with little result. Germany delayed its deliveries of weapons. France did not want to sell weapons to an army that would not take its side.", "target": "ستمبر 1939 کے بعد ، ڈچوں نے صورتحال کو بہتر بنانے کی کوشش کی ، لیکن اس کا بہت کم نتیجہ برآمد ہوا۔ جرمنی نے اپنے ہتھیاروں کی فراہمی میں تاخیر کی۔ فرانس کسی ایسی فوج کو ہتھیار بیچنا نہیں چاہتا تھا جو اس کی حمایت نہیں کرے گی۔ ڈچ دوسرے ممکنہ ذریعہ ، سوویت یونین سے ہتھیار حاصل نہیں کرسکے ، کیونکہ ڈچ اپنی کمیونسٹ حکومت کو تسلیم نہیں کرتے تھے۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}462{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Dutch could not get weapons from the other possible source, the Soviet Union, because the Dutch did not recognize their communist government.", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}463{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Other countries had good armoured forces. The Dutch Army had two groups of armoured cars, each with a dozen vehicles;[40] A single platoon of five Carden-Loyd Mark VI tankettes was all the armour they had.", "target": "دوسرے ممالک میں بکتر بند فوجیں تھیں۔ ڈچ آرمی کے پاس بکتر بند کاروں کے دو گروپ تھے ، جن میں سے ایک درجن گاڑیاں تھیں۔ [1] پانچ کارڈن لایڈ مارک VI ٹینکیٹ کا ایک پلاٹون وہ تمام اسلحہ تھا جو ان کے پاس تھا۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}464{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Dutch Artillery had 676 howitzers and field guns: 310 Krupp 75 mm field guns; 52 105 mm Bofors howitzers, the only really modern pieces; 144 obsolete[41] Krupp 125 mm guns; 40 150 mm sFH13's; 72 Krupp 150 mm L/24 howitzers and 28 Vickers 152 mm L/15 howitzers.", "target": "ڈچ توپ خانہ کے پاس 676 ہاؤٹزر اور فیلڈ گنیں تھیں : 310 کرپ 75 ملی میٹر فیلڈ گن؛ 52 105 ملی میٹر بوفورس ہوٹزرز ، واحد واقعی جدید ٹکڑے۔ 144 متروک [1] کروپ 125 ملی میٹر بندوقیں؛ 40 150 ملی میٹر sFH13's؛ 72 کرپ 150 ملی میٹر L / 24 ہوٹزرز اور 28 وکر 152 ملی میٹر L / 15 ہوٹزرز۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}465{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "As antitank-guns 386 Böhler 47 mm L/39s were available, but there were not enough.[42] There were another three hundred old [43] 6 Veld (57 mm) and 8 Staal (84 mm) field guns. Only eight of the 120 modern 105 mm pieces ordered from Germany had been delivered at the time of the invasion. Most artillery was horse-drawn.[44]", "target": "جیسا کہ اینٹی ٹینک-گنز 386 بوہلر 47 ملی میٹر L / 39s دستیاب تھے ، لیکن کافی نہیں تھے۔ [1] ایک اور تین سو پرانا تھا [2] 6 ویلڈ (57 ملی میٹر) اور 8 اسٹال (84) ملی میٹر) فیلڈ گن جدید جدید 120 میں سے صرف آٹھ حملے کے وقت جرمنی سے ملی میٹر کے ٹکڑے بھیجے گئے تھے۔ زیادہ تر توپخانے گھوڑے سے کھڑے تھے۔ [3]"}466{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Dutch Infantry used about 2,200 7.92 mm Schwarzlose M.08 machine guns, and eight hundred Vickers machine guns. Many of these were in the pillboxes; each battalion had a heavy machine gun company of twelve.", "target": "ڈچ انفنٹری نے تقریبا 2،200 7.92 استعمال کیا ملی میٹر شوارلوز M.08 مشین گنیں ، اور آٹھ سو وکرز مشین گنیں ۔ ان میں سے بہت سے تکیوں میں تھے۔ ہر بٹالین میں ایک ہیوی مشین گن بارہ کمپنی تھی۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}467{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "After the German attack on Denmark and Norway in April 1940, when the Germans used large numbers of airborne troops, the Dutch were worried about a similar attack.", "target": "اپریل 1940 میں ڈنمارک اور ناروے پر جرمنی کے حملے کے بعد ، جب جرمنوں نے بڑی تعداد میں ہوائی جہاز سے فوج کا استعمال کیا ، ڈچ اسی طرح کے حملے سے پریشان تھے۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}468{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "To stop this type of attack, five infantry battalions were put at the main ports and airbases, such as The Hague airfield of Ypenburg and the Rotterdam airfield of Waalhaven.[46] These were given AA-guns, two tankettes and twelve of the 24 operational armoured cars.[2] The Dutch put 32 hospital ships throughout the country and fifteen trains to help make troop movements easier.", "target": "اس قسم کے حملے کو روکنے کے لئے ، پانچ بندرگاہوں کی بٹالینوں کو اہم بندرگاہوں اور ہوائی اڈوں پر لگایا گیا ، جیسے یپین برگ کا ہیگ ایر فیلڈ اور والہاوین کا روٹرڈیم ائیر فیلڈ۔[1] ان کو 24 آپریشنل بکتر بند کاروں میں سے اے اے بندوقیں ، دو ٹانکیاں اور بارہ دی گئیں۔ [2] ڈچوں نے فوجیوں کی نقل و حرکت کو آسان بنانے میں مدد کے لئے پورے ملک میں 32 جہازوں کے جہاز اور پندرہ ٹرینیں رکھی۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}469{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Dutch air force had 155 aircraft: 28 Fokker G.1 twin-engine destroyers; 31 Fokker D.XXI and seven Fokker D.XVII fighters; ten twin-engined Fokker T.V, fifteen Fokker C.X and 35 Fokker C.V light bombers, twelve Douglas DB-8 dive bombers (used as fighters)[48] and seventeen Koolhoven FK-51 reconnaissance aircraft.", "target": "ڈچ فضائیہ کے پاس 155 ہوائی جہاز تھے: 28 فوکر جی 1 جڑواں انجن کو تباہ کرنے والا۔ 31 فوکر D.XXI اور سات فوکر D.XVII جنگجو؛ دس جڑواں انجنیئر فوکر ٹی وی ، پندرہ فوکر سی ایکس اور 35 فوکر سی وی لائٹ بمبار ، بارہ ڈگلس ڈی بی ۔8 ڈوبکی بمبار (جنگجو کے طور پر استعمال ہونے والے) [1] اور سترہ کولہوون ایف کے 51 دوبارہ بحری جہاز۔ 155 طیاروں میں سے 74 طیارے بائپلین تھے۔ ان میں سے 125 طیارے کام کرتے تھے۔ [2]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}470{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "74 of the 155 aircraft were biplanes. Of these aircraft 125 worked.[49]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}471{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The air force school used three Fokker D.XXI, six Fokker D.XVII, a single Fokker G.I, a single Fokker T-V and seven Fokker C.V, along with several training airplanes. Another forty aircraft were the marine air service along with about an equal number of reserve and training craft.[50]", "target": "فضائیہ کے اسکول میں متعدد تربیتی ہوائی جہازوں کے ساتھ تین فوکر D.XXI ، چھ فوکر D.XVII ، ایک ہی فوکر GI ، ایک فوکر ٹی وی اور سات فوکر سی وی استعمال کیا گیا۔ ایک اور چالیس طیارے میں سمندری ہوائی خدمات کے ساتھ ساتھ قریب تعداد میں ریزرو اور ٹریننگ کرافٹ تھا۔ [1]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}472{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "However, the Dutch military could not afford new planes.[51]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}473{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "There was little experience leading forces bigger than the battalion level. From 1932 until 1936, the Dutch Army did not hold summer field exercises to save money.[52] Also, soldiers lacked many skills. Until 1938, those who were joined only served for 24 weeks, just enough to receive basic infantry training.[53] That same year, service time was increased to eleven months.[3] There was not many professional military staff.", "target": "ڈچ فوج ناقص لیس تھی۔ اس کی اچھی تربیت بھی نہیں کی گئی تھی۔ بٹالین کی سطح سے بڑی فوجوں کی قیادت کا تجربہ بہت کم تھا۔ 1932 سے لے کر 1936 تک ، ڈچ آرمی نے پیسہ بچانے کے لئے سمر فیلڈ مشقیں نہیں کیں۔ [1] نیز ، فوجیوں میں بہت سی صلاحیتوں کا فقدان تھا۔ 1938 تک ، جو لوگ شامل ہوئے تھے انھوں نے صرف 24 ہفتوں کے لئے خدمات انجام دیں ، صرف انفنٹری کی بنیادی تربیت حاصل کرنے کے لئے کافی تھا۔ [2] اسی سال ، خدمت کا وقت بڑھا کر گیارہ ماہ کردیا گیا۔ [3] وہاں بہت سے پیشہ ور فوجی عملہ نہیں تھا۔ 1940 میں صرف 1206 پیشہ ور افسر تھے۔ [4]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}474{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In 1940 there were only 1206 professional officers.[54]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}475{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "German generals and Hitler thought that the Dutch military was weak. They expected that Holland could be captured in about three to five days.[47]", "target": "جرمن جرنیلوں اور ہٹلر کا خیال تھا کہ ڈچ فوج کمزور ہے۔ انہوں نے توقع کی کہ تقریبا تین سے پانچ دن میں ہالینڈ پر قبضہ کرلیا جاسکتا ہے۔ [1]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}476{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In the 17th century, the Dutch Republic had developed a defensive system called The Dutch Water Line. It could protect all major cities in the west by flooding part of the countryside. In the early 19th century this line was shifted to the east, beyond Utrecht.", "target": "17 ویں صدی میں ، ڈچ جمہوریہ نے ایک دفاعی نظام تیار کیا تھا جس کا نام ڈچ واٹر لائن تھا ۔ یہ دیہی علاقوں کے کچھ حصوں میں سیلاب آکر مغرب کے تمام بڑے شہروں کی حفاظت کرسکتا ہے۔ انیسویں صدی کے اوائل میں یہ لائن اتریچٹ سے آگے مشرق میں منتقل کردی گئی تھی۔ بعد میں ، قلعے بنائے گئے تھے۔ After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}477{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "This was too shallow for boats, but deep enough to turn the soil into mud. The area west of the New Holland Water Line was called Fortress Holland (Dutch: Vesting Holland; German: Festung Holland). The eastern side was covered by Lake IJssel and the southern side protected by three rivers.", "target": "اس نئی پوزیشن کو نیو ہالینڈ واٹر لائن کہا جاتا تھا۔ 1940 میں اس لائن کو نئے پِل بکس دیئے گئے تھے۔ لائن سطح سمندر سے نیچے تھی۔ اس سے چند فٹ پانی سے پانی بھر گیا۔ یہ کشتیوں کے لئے بھی اتھرا تھا ، لیکن اتنا گہرا تھا کہ مٹی کو کیچڑ میں بدل دے۔ نیو ہالینڈ واٹر لائن کے مغرب میں اس علاقے کو فورٹریس ہالینڈ (ڈچ: ویسٹنگ ہالینڈ ؛ جرمن: فیستونگ ہالینڈ ) کہا جاتا تھا۔ مشرقی طرف ایسیل جھیل کے ساتھ احاطہ کرتا تھا اور جنوب کی طرف تین دریاؤں سے محفوظ ہے. توقع کی جارہی تھی کہ یہ طویل عرصے تک برقرار رہے گا۔ [1]"}478{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Some people thought the defences would protect the country for three months without any Allied help.[60][61] Before the war the intention was to move to this position, and hope that Germany would only travel through the southern provinces on its way to Belgium and leave Holland undamaged.", "target": "کچھ لوگوں کا خیال تھا کہ دفاعی اتحادیوں کی مدد کے بغیر دفاع تین ماہ تک ملک کی حفاظت کرے گا۔ [1] [2] جنگ سے پہلے اس عہدے پر جانے کا ارادہ تھا ، اور امید ہے کہ جرمنی صرف جنوبی صوبوں کے راستے بیلجیم جاتے ہوئے سفر کرے گا اور ہالینڈ کو بغیر کسی نقصان کے چھوڑ دے گا۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}479{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In 1939, this attitude made it impossible to negotiate with the Allies about defence. Proposals by German diplomats that the Dutch government would accept a German advance into the country were rejected.[62]", "target": "1939 میں ، اس رویہ نے اتحادیوں سے دفاع کے بارے میں بات چیت کرنا ناممکن بنا دیا۔ جرمنی کے سفارت کاروں کی پیش کشوں کو جو ڈچ حکومت ملک میں جرمنی کی پیش قدمی قبول کرے گی۔ [1]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}480{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "From September 1939 a more easterly Main Defence Line (MDL) was built. This second defensive position was dug on orders from the commander of the Field Army, Lieutenant-General Jan Joseph Godfried baron van Voorst tot Voorst.[63] This line was extended by a southern part between the river Maas and the Belgian border.", "target": "ستمبر 1939 سے ایک اور تیز تر مین ڈیفنس لائن (MDL) تعمیر کی گئی۔ یہ دوسرا دفاعی پوزیشن فیلڈ آرمی کے کمانڈر ، لیفٹیننٹ جنرل جان جوزف گوڈفریڈ بیرن وین ورسٹ ٹوٹ ورسٹ کے حکم پر کھودا گیا تھا۔ [1] اس لائن کو دریائے ماس اور بیلجئیم کی سرحد کے درمیان ایک جنوبی حصے نے بڑھایا تھا۔ جنوب میں مقصد جرمنوں کو تاخیر کرنا تھا تاکہ فرانسیسی پیش قدمی کرسکیں۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}481{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In the south the goal was to delay the Germans so that the French could advance.", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}482{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Fourth and Second Army Corps were put at the Grebbe Line; Third Army Corps were put at the Peel-Raam Position with the Light Division behind it to cover its southern side. Brigade A and B were positioned between the Lower Rhine and the Maas. First Army Corps was a reserve in the Fortress Holland, the southern edge of which was protected by another ten battalions and the eastern side by six battalions.[64] All these lines were protected by pillboxes.[2]", "target": "چوتھی اور دوسری آرمی کور کو گریبی لائن میں رکھا گیا۔ تھرڈ آرمی کور کو تیل-رام مقام پر رکھا گیا تھا تاکہ اس کے پیچھے لائٹ ڈویژن اس کے جنوب کی سمت کا احاطہ کرے۔ بریگیڈ اے اور بی کو لوئر رائن اور مااس کے مابین کھڑا کیا گیا تھا۔ فرسٹ آرمی کور فورٹریس ہالینڈ میں ایک ریزرو تھا ، جس کے جنوبی کنارے کو دس اور بٹالین اور مشرقی جانب چھ بٹالینوں نے محفوظ کیا تھا۔ [1] ان تمام لائنوں کو پِیل باکسز کے ذریعے محفوظ کیا گیا تھا۔ [2]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}483{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "He proposed a battle at the crossing sites near Arnhem and Gennep to force the German divisions to use a lot of their energy before they had reached the MDL.[1]", "target": "[1]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}484{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "This was deemed too risky by the Dutch government and General Reijnders. The Government wanted the army to resist at the Grebbe Line and Peel Raam Position, and then fall back to the Fortress Holland.[65] Reijnders was not given full military authority in the defence zones.[66][67] On 5 February 1940 he resigned because of these disagreements with his superiors.[68] He was replaced by General Henry G. Winkelman who decided that in the north the Grebbe Line would be where the battle was to be fought,[69] partly because it would be easier to counterattack.[70]", "target": "اسے ہالینڈ کی حکومت اور جنرل ریجنڈرس نے بہت خطرہ سمجھا تھا۔ حکومت چاہتی تھی کہ فوج گریک لائن اور پیل رام پوزیشن پر مزاحمت کرے ، اور پھر قلعہ ہالینڈ میں واپس آجائے۔ [1] ریجنڈرز کو دفاعی زون میں مکمل فوجی اختیار نہیں دیا گیا تھا۔ [2] [3] 5 فروری 1940 کو انہوں نے اپنے اعلی افسران کے ساتھ ان اختلافات کی وجہ سے استعفیٰ دے دیا۔ [4] ان کی جگہ جنرل ہنری جی ونکل مین نے لے لی جس نے فیصلہ کیا کہ شمال میں گریبب لائن ہوگی جہاں جنگ لڑنی ہے ، [5] جزوی طور پر کیونکہ اس سے مقابلہ کرنا آسان ہوگا۔ [6]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}485{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "During the Phoney War the Dutch said they were neutral. In secret, the Dutch military[71] talked with both Belgium and France to organize a common defence to a German invasion.[72] This failed because of differences of opinion about which strategy to follow.", "target": "فونی جنگ کے دوران ڈچ نے کہا کہ وہ غیرجانبدار ہیں۔ خفیہ طور پر ، ڈچ فوج [1] نے بیلجیئم اور فرانس دونوں کے ساتھ بات چیت کی تاکہ وہ جرمن حملے کا مشترکہ دفاع ترتیب دے سکیں۔ [2] یہ حکمت عملی پر عمل کرنے کے بارے میں رائے کے اختلافات کی وجہ سے ناکام ہوگئی۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}486{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Belgium, though it said it was neutral, had made arrangements for working with Allied troops. This made it more difficult for the Dutch to make arrangements with the Belgians.[73] He did not approve of a plan by Van Voorst tot Voorst to occupy the \"Orange Position[74] to form a continuous line with the Belgian lines.[75]", "target": "بیلجیم ، اگرچہ اس نے کہا کہ یہ غیرجانبدار ہے ، اس نے اتحادی فوج کے ساتھ مل کر کام کرنے کا انتظام کیا ہے۔ اس سے بیلجئین کے ساتھ انتظامات کرنا ہالینڈ کے لئے زیادہ مشکل ہوگیا۔ [1] انہوں نے \"وینجین پوزیشن [2] پر قبضہ کرنے کے لئے بیل ورجین لائنوں کے ساتھ ایک مستقل لائن تشکیل دینے کے لئے وان ورسٹ ٹوٹ ورسٹ کے کسی منصوبے کی منظوری نہیں دی۔ []]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}487{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "When Winkelman took over command, he proposed on 21 February that Belgium would set up a connecting line with the Peel Raam Position along the Belgian part of the Zuid-Willemsvaart.[76] The Belgians refused to do this unless the Dutch sent in new troops in Limburg. The Dutch had no forces available.", "target": "جب ونکل مین نے کمان سنبھالی تو ، اس نے 21 فروری کو تجویز پیش کی کہ بیلجیئم زیوڈ-ولیمسارت کے بیلجئین حصے میں پیل رام پوزیشن کے ساتھ ایک جوڑنے والی لائن قائم کرے گی۔ [1] بیلجیئوں نے اس سے انکار کرنے سے انکار کردیا جب تک کہ ڈچ لیمبرگ میں نئی فوج نہ بھیجیں۔ ڈچ کے پاس کوئی فورس دستیاب نہیں تھی۔ اورنج پوزیشن کے دفاع کے لئے بار بار بیلجئیم کی درخواستوں کو ونکل مین نے مسترد کردیا۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}488{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Repeated Belgian requests to defend the Orange Position were refused by Winkelman.", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}489{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Therefore, the Belgians decided to withdraw, in an invasion, all their troops to their main defence line, the Albert Canal. This created a gap forty kilometres wide.[77] The French were asked to fill it.[78] Now the French Commander in Chief General Maurice Gamelin was more than interested in including the Dutch in his continuous line. But he would not stretch his supply lines that far unless the Belgians and Dutch would take the allied side.", "target": "لہذا ، بلجیئین نے حملے میں ، اپنی تمام فوجیں اپنی مرکزی دفاعی لائن ، البرٹ نہر پر واپس جانے کا فیصلہ کیا۔ اس نے چالیس کلومیٹر چوڑا خلا پیدا کیا۔ [1] فرانسیسیوں سے کہا گیا کہ وہ اسے پُر کریں۔ [2] اب فرانسیسی کمانڈر ان چیف جنرل ماریس گیملن کو اپنی لگاتار لائن میں ڈچوں کو شامل کرنے میں زیادہ دلچسپی تھی۔ لیکن وہ اس وقت تک اپنی سپلائی لائنوں کو نہیں بڑھاتے جب تک کہ بیلجین اور ڈچ اتحادی جماعت کا ساتھ نہ لیتے۔ جب دونوں ممالک نے انکار کر دیا تو ، گیملن نے کہا کہ وہ بریڈا کے قریب ایک عہدے پر فائز ہوگا۔ [3]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}490{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "When both nations refused, Gamelin said he would occupy a position near Breda.[3]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}491{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Dutch were not ready to stop an invasion. When Hitler came to power, the Dutch had begun to re-arm, but more slowly than France or Belgium.", "target": "ڈچ حملے کو روکنے کے لئے تیار نہیں تھے۔ جب ہٹلر برسر اقتدار آیا ، ڈچوں نے پھر سے مسلح ہونا شروع کر دیا تھا ، لیکن فرانس یا بیلجیئم سے زیادہ آہستہ آہستہ۔ صرف 1936 میں ہالینڈ کی حکومت نے اپنے دفاعی بجٹ میں اضافہ کرنا شروع کیا۔ [1]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}492{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Only in 1936 did the Dutch government start to increase their defense budget.[8]", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}493{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In addition to the Dutch Army and the German 18th Army, a third force would operate on Dutch soil: the French 7th Army. Both the French and the Germans saw the possibility of a surprise attack.", "target": "ڈچ فوج اور جرمن 18 ویں فوج کے علاوہ ، ایک تیسری فورس ڈچ سرزمین پر کام کرے گی: فرانسیسی ساتویں فوج ۔ فرانسیسی اور جرمنی دونوں نے اچانک حملے کا امکان دیکھا۔ جرمنوں کے لئے اس کا مطلب اینٹورپ - نامور لائن کو نظر انداز کرنا ہوگا۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}494{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "For the Germans this would mean bypassing the Antwerp-Namur line.", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}495{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "A naval division and an infantry division were set to go to Zealand to block the Western Scheldt against a German crossing.", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}496{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "French Commander in Chief General Maurice Gamelin feared the Dutch would surrender or accept German protection. He reassigned the former French strategic reserve, the 7th Army, to go in front of Antwerp. The force consisted of the 16th Army Corps, the 9th Motorised and the 4th Infantry Division; and the 1st Army Corps, consisting of the 25th Motorised Infantry Division and the 21st Infantry Division.", "target": "فرانسیسی کمانڈر ان چیف جنرل ماریس گیملن کو خدشہ ہے کہ ڈچ جرمن ہتھیار ڈال دیں گے یا قبول کریں گے۔ انہوں نے فرانس کی سابقہ اسٹریٹجک ریزرو ، ساتویں فوج کو انٹروپ کے سامنے جانے کے لئے دوبارہ تفویض کیا۔ اس فورس میں سولہویں آرمی کور ، نویں موٹرائیزڈ اور چوتھے انفنٹری ڈویژن شامل تھے۔ اور پہلی آرمی کور ، جس میں 25 ویں موٹرائزڈ انفنٹری ڈویژن اور 21 ویں انفنٹری ڈویژن شامل ہے۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}497{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "This army was later reinforced by the 1st Mechanised Light Division, an armoured division of the French Cavalry. Together with the two divisions in Zealand, seven French divisions were to be used.[82]", "target": "اس فوج کو بعد میں پہلے میکانائزڈ لائٹ ڈویژن ، فرانسیسی کیولری کی ایک بکتر بند ڈویژن نے مزید تقویت ملی۔ دونوں ڈویژنوں کے ساتھ مل کر ، نیوزی لینڈ کے سات ڈویژنوں کو استعمال کیا جانا تھا۔ [1]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}498{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Although the French troops would have more motorised units than the Germans, they could not hope to reach their places in the battle before the enemy did.", "target": "اگرچہ فرانسیسی فوجیوں کے پاس جرمنوں کے مقابلے میں زیادہ موٹر یونٹ ہوتے ، لیکن وہ دشمن سے پہلے لڑائی میں اپنے مقامات تک پہنچنے کی امید نہیں کرسکتے تھے۔ ان کے جرمنی کو زدوکوب کرنے کا واحد امکان ریل ٹرانسپورٹ کا استعمال تھا۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}499{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "These would be put into two task forces.", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}500{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "During the plans for Fall Gelb the idea of leaving the Fortress Holland alone was considered.[83] The first plan of 19 October 1939 suggested a full occupation.[84] In the version of 29 October it was proposed to limit the invasion to a line south of Venlo.[85] In the Holland-Weisung (Holland Directive) of 15 November it was decided to conquer the entire south, but in the north to advance no further than the Grebbe Line, and to occupy the Frisian Isles.[86]", "target": "فال گیلب کے منصوبوں کے دوران فورٹریس ہالینڈ کو تنہا چھوڑنے کے خیال پر غور کیا گیا۔ [1] 19 اکتوبر 1939 کے پہلے منصوبے میں مکمل قبضے کی تجویز پیش کی گئی۔ [2] 29 اکتوبر کے ورژن میں ، حملے کو وینلو کے جنوب میں ایک لائن تک محدود رکھنے کی تجویز پیش کی گئی تھی۔ [3] 15 نومبر کے ہالینڈ - وِسنگ (ہالینڈ ہدایت) میں یہ فیصلہ کیا گیا کہ پورے جنوب کو فتح کرلیا جائے ، لیکن شمال میں گرببے لائن سے آگے نہ بڑھنے اور مغربی جزیروں پر قبضہ کرنے کا فیصلہ کیا گیا۔ [4]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}501{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "On 17 January 1940[88] they decided to conquer all of the Netherlands. However, few units were available for this task. The main effort of Fall Gelb would be made in the centre, between Namur and Sedan.", "target": "17 جنوری 1940 [1] کو انہوں نے تمام ہالینڈ کو فتح کرنے کا فیصلہ کیا۔ تاہم ، اس کام کے لئے کچھ یونٹ دستیاب تھے۔ فال گیلب کی مرکزی کوشش نمور اور سیڈان کے بیچ وسط میں کی جائے گی۔ وسطی بیلجیم میں حملہ صرف ایک چال تھی۔ اور فورٹریس ہالینڈ میں حملہ بھی ایک چال ہے۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}502{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The attack at central Belgium was only a trick; and the attack at Fortress Holland only a trick as well.", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}503{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Dutch governments did not see Germany as a military threat. Partly this was because they did not want to cause problems with an important trade partner.[9] The Dutch did not criticize Nazi policies.[10] The Dutch made strict budget limits to fight the Great Depression, which was hard on Dutch society.[11]", "target": "ڈچ حکومتوں نے جرمنی کو فوجی خطرہ کے طور پر نہیں دیکھا۔ جزوی طور پر یہ اس لئے تھا کہ وہ کسی اہم تجارتی پارٹنر کے ساتھ پریشانی پیدا نہیں کرنا چاہتے تھے۔ [1] ڈچوں نے نازی پالیسیوں پر تنقید نہیں کی۔ [2] ڈچ نے عظیم افسردگی سے لڑنے کے لئے بجٹ کی سخت حدیں کردی تھیں ، جو ڈچ معاشرے پر سخت تھا۔ [3]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}504{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Although both the 6th and 18th Army were in place at the Dutch border, the first, larger force would move south of Venlo to Belgium. This would leave just the 18th Army under General Georg von Küchler to attack the Dutch main force.[89]", "target": "اگرچہ ڈچ بارڈر پر چھٹی اور اٹھارہویں فوج دونوں ہی اپنی جگہ پر موجود تھے ، لیکن ، پہلی ، بڑی فورس وینلو کے جنوب میں بیلجیم منتقل ہوگی۔ اس سے جنرل جارج وون کیچلر کے ماتحت 18 ویں فوج ڈچ کی مرکزی فورس پر حملہ کرنے کے لئے روکے گی۔ [1]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}505{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Of all German armies in the battle, this was the weakest. It contained only four regular infantry divisions (the 207th, 227th, 254th and 256th Infantry Divisions), assisted by three reserve divisions (208th, 225th, and 526th Infantry Divisions). Six of these divisions were units created in August 1939 from territorial Landwehr units.", "target": "جنگ میں تمام جرمن فوج میں سے ، یہ سب سے کمزور تھا۔ اس میں صرف چار باقاعدہ انفنٹری ڈویژن ( 207 ویں ، 227 ویں ، 254 ویں اور 256 ویں انفنٹری ڈویژنز) موجود تھے ، جن کی مدد سے تین ریزرو ڈویژن ( 208 ویں ، 225 ، اور 526 ویں انفنٹری ڈویژن) تھے۔ ان میں سے 6 ڈویژن اگست 1939 میں زمینی لینڈ ہائوڈر یونٹوں سے بنائے گئے یونٹ تھے۔ ان کے پاس کچھ پیشہ ور افسر اور لڑائی کا کم تجربہ تھا۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}506{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "They had few professional officers and little fighting experience.", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}507{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "To add more men, the only German cavalry division, the 1st Kavalleriedivision was told to capture the weakly defended provinces east of the river IJssel. A landing in Holland near Enkhuizen was to be attempted, using barges.[1] As both efforts were unlikely to do well, the regular divisions were reinforced by the SS-Verfügungsdivision (including SS-Standarten Der Führer, Deutschland and Germania) and Leibstandarte Adolf Hitler.", "target": "مزید مردوں کو شامل کرنے کے لئے ، صرف جرمن کیولری ڈویژن ، پہلی کیولریریڈویژن کو بتایا گیا کہ وہ دریا ایسیل کے مشرق میں کمزور دفاع والے صوبوں پر قبضہ کریں۔ انکھویزن کے قریب ہالینڈ میں لینڈنگ کی کوشش کی گئی تھی ، جس میں بارجیاں استعمال کی گئیں۔ [1] چونکہ دونوں کوششوں کے بہتر کارکردگی کا امکان نہیں تھا ، اس لئے باقاعدہ تقسیم کو ایس ایس - ورفگنگس ڈویژن (جس میں ایس ایس اسٹینڈرٹن ڈیر فہرر ، ڈوئشلینڈ اور جرمنیہ بھی شامل ہے ) اور لیبسٹندرٹ ایڈولف ہٹلر نے تقویت دی۔ یہ ڈچ کے مضبوط قلعوں پر حملہ کریں گے۔ [2] پھر بھی اس نے مساوات میں صرف 1 تقسیم شامل کیا۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}508{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "These would attack the Dutch fortified positions.[90] Still this added only 11⁄3 division to the equation.", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}509{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Germans had trained two airborne divisions. The first of these, the 7. Flieger-Division, was paratroopers; the second, the 22nd Luftlande-Infanteriedivision, of airborne infantry.[91] The airborne troops would capture the airfields around The Hague, and then capture that government, together with the Dutch High Command and Queen Wilhelmina.[92]", "target": "فتح کو یقینی بنانے کے لئے جرمنوں نے نئے طریقے استعمال کیے۔ جرمنی نے دو ہوائی حصوں کی تربیت کی تھی۔ ان میں سے سب سے پہلے ، 7۔ فلائیگر ڈویژن ، پیراٹروپر تھے۔ دوسرا ، 22 ویں لوفٹ لینڈ-انفینٹری ڈویژن ، ہوا سے چلنے والے انفنٹری کا۔ [1] ہوائی جہاز سے تیار ہونے والی فوج ہیگ کے آس پاس کے ہوائی اڈوں پر قبضہ کرلیتی ، اور پھر اس حکومت پر قبضہ کرلیتی ، ڈچ ہائی کمان اور ملکہ ولیہمینہ کے ساتھ مل کر۔ [2]"}510{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The plan, Fall Festung, had been developed by Hitler.[93] If the first attack did not succeed, the bridges at Rotterdam, Dordrecht and Moerdijk would be captured to allow a mechanised force to move in. This force was to be the German 9th Panzer Division. They were the only German armoured division having just two tank battalions.[94] the total number of tanks in the group was 141.[95] The plan was for them to go through a gap in the Dutch lines created by the 254th and 256th Infantry Divisions.", "target": "یہ منصوبہ ، گر فیسٹونگ ، ہٹلر نے تیار کیا تھا۔ [1] اگر پہلا حملہ کامیاب نہ ہوا تو روٹرڈیم ، ڈورڈریچٹ اور مورڈجک کے پلوں پر قبضہ کرلیا جائے گا تاکہ میکانائزڈ فورس کو اندر داخل نہ ہوسکے۔ یہ فورس جرمنی کا 9 واں پینزر ڈویژن ہونا تھا ۔ وہ صرف جرمن بکتر بند ڈویژن تھے جن میں صرف دو ٹینک بٹالین تھیں۔ [2] گروپ میں ٹینکوں کی مجموعی تعداد 141 تھی۔ [3] ان کے لئے یہ منصوبہ تھا کہ 254 ویں اور 256 ویں انفنٹری ڈویژنوں کے ذریعہ پیدا ہونے والی ڈچ لائنوں کے فرق کو عبور کریں۔ تب وہ XXVI تشکیل دیتے ہوئے ان کے ساتھ شامل ہوجاتے ۔ آرمی کورپس [4] اسی کے ساتھ ساتھ ، مشرق میں گریبب لائن کے خلاف 207 ویں اور 227 ویں انفنٹری ڈویژنوں کے ذریعہ حملہ کیا جائے گا ، جو ڈچ فوج سے لڑنے کے لئے ، ایکس. ارمیکورپس ، [5] کی تشکیل کے لئے متحد ہو جائیں گے۔ [6] منصوبہ یہ تھا کہ ہالینڈ کو فورٹریس ہالینڈ کے مشرقی محاذ پر یا اس سے آگے جانے پر مجبور کیا جائے۔ اگر پہلے دن ڈچ ہتھیار ڈال نہیں دیتا تھا تو اٹھارہویں فوج جنوب سے تیسرے دن قلعہ ہالینڈ پر حملہ کرے گی۔ [7]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}511{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The German people and troops disliked the idea of going against Dutch neutrality. The Germans said the invasion was to stop the Allies from occupying the Low Countries.[97] Some German officers did not like the Nazi government and were also unhappy with the invasion.[98]", "target": "جرمن عوام اور فوجیوں نے ڈچ غیر جانبداری کے خلاف جانے کے خیال کو ناپسند کیا۔ جرمنوں کا کہنا تھا کہ یہ حملہ اتحادیوں کو نشیبی ممالک پر قبضہ کرنے سے روکنا تھا۔ [1] کچھ جرمن افسران نازی حکومت کو پسند نہیں کرتے تھے اور وہ بھی اس حملے سے ناخوش تھے۔ [2]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}512{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "One of them was Colonel Hans Oster, a German intelligence officer. In March 1939 he began to pass information to his friend, a Dutch military officer in Berlin Major Gijsbertus J. Sas.[99] This information included the German attack date.[100] Sas informed the Allies.[101][102] Sas knowing the date of the attack on Denmark and Norway was not noticed.[103] Though he said a German armoured division would try to attack the Netherlands and that there was a plan to capture the Queen, the Dutch defence plan was not changed.[104]", "target": "ان میں سے ایک کرنل ہنس آسٹر تھا ، جو ایک جرمن خفیہ افسر تھا۔ مارچ 1939 میں اس نے اپنے دوست ، برلن میں ایک ڈچ فوجی افسر میجر گجبرٹس جے ساس کو معلومات فراہم کرنا شروع کی۔ [1] اس معلومات میں جرمنی کے حملے کی تاریخ بھی شامل ہے۔ [2] ساس نے اتحادیوں کو آگاہ کیا۔ [3] [4] ڈنمارک اور ناروے پر حملے کی تاریخ کے بارے میں جاننے والا سا ن پایا گیا۔ [5] اگرچہ انہوں نے کہا کہ ایک جرمن بکتر بند ڈویژن نیدرلینڈ پر حملہ کرنے کی کوشش کرے گا اور ملکہ پر قبضہ کرنے کا منصوبہ ہے ، لیکن ڈچ دفاعی منصوبہ تبدیل نہیں کیا گیا۔ [6]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}513{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Hendrikus Colijn, the Dutch Prime Minister between 1933 and 1939, did not think Germany would go against Dutch neutrality and invade the Netherlands.[12] Senior officers did not try to encourage improving military defence.[13]", "target": "1933 اور 1939 کے درمیان ہالینڈ کے وزیر اعظم ہینڈرکس کولنز نے یہ نہیں سوچا تھا کہ جرمنی ڈچ غیرجانبداری کے خلاف ہوکر نیدرلینڈ پر حملہ کرے گا۔ [1] سینئر افسران نے فوجی دفاع کو بہتر بنانے کی ترغیب دینے کی کوشش نہیں کی۔ [2]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}514{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "On 4 May Sas warned that an attack was coming soon.[105] When in the evening of 9 May Oster phoned his friend saying the attack would be soon, the Dutch troops were put on alert.[106]", "target": "4 مئی کو ساس نے خبردار کیا کہ جلد ہی ایک حملہ آرہا ہے۔ [1] جب 9 مئی کی شام کو آسٹر نے اپنے دوست کو فون کیا کہ حملہ جلد ہوگا ، تو ڈچ فوج کو چوکس کردیا گیا۔ [2]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}515{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "KG 4 also attacked Amsterdam-Schiphol, where the Dutch lost a third of their medium bombers, and The Hague airfields where KG 4 destroyed half of the 21 defending fighters.[109] KG 4 lost 11 Heinkel He 111 bombers on 10 May and three Junkers Ju 88s; KG 30 and 54 another nine bombers.[110] Jagdgeschwader 26 (JG 26) and Zerstörergeschwader 26 (ZG 26) shot down 25 Dutch aircraft for a loss of nine fighters, with Albert Kesselring's Luftflotte 2 destroying 41.", "target": "کے جی 4 نے ایمسٹرڈیم - شیفول پر بھی حملہ کیا ، جہاں ڈچ اپنے درمیانے بمباروں کا ایک تہائی گنوا بیٹھا ، اور ہیگ ائیر فیلڈز جہاں کے جی 4 نے 21 دفاعی جنگجوؤں میں سے نصف کو تباہ کردیا۔ [1] 10 مئی کو کے جی 4 نے 11 ہینکل وہ 111 بمبار اور تین جنکرز جو 88 کو کھوئے۔ کے جی 30 اور 54 دوسرے نو بمبار۔ [2] Jagdgeschwader 26 (JG 26) اور Zerstörergeschwader 26 (ZG 26) نو جنگجوؤں کی ایک نقصان پر شاٹ نیچے 25 ڈچ ہوائی جہاز، کے ساتھ البرٹ کیسریلنگ کی Luftflotte 2 تباہ 41.After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}516{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Dutch were left with just 70 aircraft by the end of the day. They continued to fight the Luftwaffe, shooting down 13 German fighter aircraft by 14 May.[1]", "target": "دن کے اختتام تک ڈچ صرف 70 ہوائی جہاز کے ساتھ رہ گئے تھے۔ انہوں نے لوفٹ وفی سے لڑائی جاری رکھی ، 14 مئی تک 13 جرمن لڑاکا طیارے گرائے۔ [1]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}517{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "German Ju 52 losses in the battle were about 250 planes.", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}518{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In the south, the six border battalions in the province of Limburg delayed the advance of the German Sixth Army. Before noon Maastricht had surrendered. The Germans did not capture the main bridge intact.", "target": "جنوب میں ، صوبہ لمبرگمیں چھ بارڈر بٹالینوں نے جرمنی کی چھٹی فوج کی پیش قدمی میں تاخیر کی۔ دوپہر سے پہلے ماسٹریخٹنے ہتھیار ڈال دیئے تھے۔ جرمنوں نے مرکزی پل کو برقرار نہیں رکھا تھا۔ اس نے چوتھے پینزر ڈویژن کے ذریعہ کراسنگ کو اگلے دن تک مؤخر کردیا۔After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral."}519{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "This delayed the crossing by the 4th Panzer Division until the next day.", "target": "The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}520{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The German had expected that the Dutch would attempt to fill any gaps in the line.[197] The Dutch planned to send two regiments of the Dutch 3rd Army Corps north to fill any gaps.[198]", "target": "جرمنوں نے توقع کی تھی کہ ڈچ لائن میں کسی بھی قسم کی خلا کو پر کرنے کی کوشش کریں گے۔ [1] ڈچوں نے کسی بھی خلا کو پُر کرنے کے لئے شمال میں ڈچ تیسری آرمی کور کی دو رجمنٹ بھیجنے کا منصوبہ بنایا۔[2]After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939 and the start of the Second World War, the Netherlands hoped to remain neutral. The Netherlands had been neutral during the First World War 25 years earlier."}521{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In World War II, the Battle of France, also called the Fall of France, was the German invasion of France and the Low Countries, from 10 May 1940, and ended the Phoney War. The battle was made up of two parts. In the first, called Fall Gelb in German (called Case Yellow in English), German tank units pushed through the Ardennes, to circle the Allied units that moved into Belgium.", "target": "دوسری جنگ عظیم میں ، فرانس کی جنگ ، جسے زوالِ فرانس بھی کہا جاتا ہے ، 10 مئی 1940 سے فرانس اور لوئر ممالک (نشیبستان)پر جرمن حملہ تھا ، اور اس نے فوونی جنگ کا خاتمہ کیا۔ جنگ دو حصوں پر مشتمل تھی۔پہلا ، جسے جرمنمیں سقوط گیلب (انگریزیمیں کیس ییلو ) کہا جاتا ہے ، جرمن ٹینک یونٹوں نے ارڈنیس کے ذریعہ بیلجیممیں منتقل ہونے والی اتحادییونٹوں کا چکر لگانے کے لئے زور دیا۔ آپریشن ڈائنومو میں زیادہ تر برطانوی مہم فورس اور بہت سے فرانسیسی فوجی ڈنکرک سے انگلینڈ فرار ہوگئے۔"}522{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "More reading", "target": "مزید پڑھیں"}523{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "France was split into a German-occupied part in the north and west, a small Italian-occupied part in the southeast, and a satellite state part in the south, called Vichy France. Southern France was taken over on 10 November 1942 and France was run by Germany until after the Allied return in 1944; the Low Countries were set free in 1944 and 1945.", "target": "فرانس شمال اور مغرب میں جرمنی کے زیر قبضہ ، جنوب مشرق میں ایک چھوٹا اطالوی مقبوضہ حصہ ، اور جنوب میں سیٹیلائٹ ریاست کا ایک حصہ ، جسے وِچی فرانس کہا جاتا ہے ، میں تقسیم ہوگیا تھا۔ جنوبی فرانس پر 10 نومبر 1942 کو قبضہ کیا گیا تھا اور 1944 میں اتحادیوں کی واپسی کے بعد تک فرانس جرمنی کے زیر انتظام تھا۔ 1944 اور 1945 میں نشیبی ممالک(نشیبستان، نیدرلینڈز) آزاد ہوئے۔"}524{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Blitzkrieg Battle for Holland Vichy France Western Front", "target": "بلٹزکریگ ہالینڈ کے لئے جنگ وچی فرانس ویسٹرن فرنٹ"}525{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "People of Warsaw in happy demonstration under British Embassy in Warsaw just after British declaration of state of war with Nazi Germany", "target": "نازی جرمنی کے ساتھ برطانوی ریاست کے اعلان جنگ کے فورا بعد ہی وارسا میں برطانوی سفارت خانے کے تحت خوشی کے مظاہرے میں وارسا کے عوام"}526{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Phoney War was a name for the months after Poland was defeated in September 1939 and before France was invaded in May 1940, during World War II.", "target": "فوونی جنگ 1939 میں دوسری جنگ عظیم کے دوران پولینڈ کو شکست دینے کے بعد اور مئی 1940 میں فرانس پر حملہ کرنے سے قبل ، ان مہینوں کا نام تھا ۔"}527{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "There was a British and French declaration of war on Germany, and military alliances between the Western Allies and Poland. The Royal Air Force dropped propaganda leaflets on Germany, and Canadian troops began to arrive in Britain. In the sea, German submarines destroyed many Allied ships, marking the beginning of Battle of the Atlantic.", "target": "اس وقت کے دوران ، یورپ میں کوئی بڑی فوجی کارروائی نہیں ہوئی تھی۔ جرمنی کے خلاف برطانیہ اور فرانسیسی جنگ کا اعلان ، اور مغربی اتحادیوں اور پولینڈ کے مابین فوجی اتحاد تھا۔ رائل ایئر فورس نے جرمنی پر پروپیگنڈہ کتابچے گرائے ، اور کینیڈا کی فوجیں برطانیہ پہنچنا شروع ہوگئیں۔ سمندر میں ، جرمن آبدوزوں نے بحر اوقیانوس کی جنگ کے آغاز کے موقع پر متعدد اتحادی جہازوں کو تباہ کردیا۔"}528{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "According to a study by the American University of Beirut, as of the summer of 2014, a quarter of a million died, and millions are refugees.[13]", "target": "امریکی یونیورسٹی بیروت کے مطالعے کے مطابق ، 2014 کے موسم گرما تک ، ایک ملین کا ایک چوتھائی مر گیا ، اور لاکھوں مہاجر ہوئے۔ [13]"}529{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "So many people fled the Middle East and North Africa to Europe, it has resulted in the European migrant crisis.[28] As a result, \"boat-people\", which was once commonly referred to Vietnamese boat people, became frequently used. These include refugees from Libya or Tunisia, escaping to the European Union across the Mediterranean Sea.[29] Some European politicians fear the migrants might \"flood\" their shores. So many Europeans are working on laws to help manage the arrivals along their nations' borders.[29]", "target": "افراتفری اور تشدد ہے۔ اتنے سارے لوگ مشرق وسطی اور شمالی افریقہ سے یورپ چلے گئے ، یہ یورپی تارکین وطن کے بحران کا نتیجہ ہے۔ [1] اس کے نتیجے میں ، \"کشتی کے لوگ\" ، جو کبھی ویتنام کے کشتیوں میں عام طور پر جانا جاتا تھا ، اکثر استعمال ہوتا ہے۔ ان میں بحیرہ روم کے پار یورپی یونین فرار ہونے والے لیبیا یا تیونس سے آنے والے مہاجرین شامل ہیں۔[2] [2] کچھ یورپی سیاستدانوں کو خوف ہے کہ مہاجر ان کے کنارے \"سیلاب\" ڈال سکتے ہیں۔ بہت سارے یورپی افراد اپنی قوموں کی سرحدوں پر پہنچنے والوں کے انتظام میں مدد کے لئے قوانین پر کام کر رہے ہیں۔ [2][4]"}530{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Related pages", "target": "مذید دیکھیں"}531{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "The Arab Winter started in 2014 and happened four years after[7][8] after the Arab Spring.[9] It includes civil wars, mounting regional instability,[10] economic and demographic decline of Arab countries,[11] and ethno-religious wars.[12]", "target": "عرب سرما 2014 میں شروع ہوا تھا اور عرب بہار کے بعد [1] [2] چار سال بعد ہوا تھا۔ [3] اس میں خانہ جنگی ، بڑھتے ہوئے علاقائی عدم استحکام ، []] عرب ممالک کیمعاشی اور آبادیاتی کمی ، []] [6]اور نسلی مذہبی جنگیں شامل ہیں۔ [6][8]"}532{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "By the summer of 2014, the Arab Winter had resulted in nearly a quarter of a million deaths and millions of refugees.[13] Perhaps the most significant event was the rise of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant from 2014[14] to the present.", "target": "2014 کے موسم گرما تک ، عرب سرما کے نتیجے میں قریب چوتھائی ملین یا ڈھائی لاکھ اموات اور لاکھوں پناہ گزین ہوچکے تھے۔ [1] [2]شاید سب سے اہم واقعہ دولت اسلامیہ عراق اور لیونت کا 2014 ء [2] سے عروج تھا۔"}533{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Syrian Civil War,[15][16] the Iraqi insurgency and the following civil war,[17] the Egyptian Crisis,[18] the Libyan Crisis[19]; Various militias and tribes have started fighting in Libya after a breakdown in negotiations.[19] the Crisis in Yemen.[20] the removal of Mohamed Morsi and rise of General Abdel Fattah el-Sisi in an anti-Muslim Brotherhood campaign.[21] return to authoritarianism and suppression of civil liberties in Egypt since July 3, 2013.[22][23] The arenas of Lebanon and Bahrain.[11] The Northern Mali conflict was often described as part of the \"Islamist Winter\".[24] Political changes which occurred in Tunisia, involving a change in government, a possible ISIL insurgency.[21]", "target": "شام کی خانہ جنگی ، [1] [2] عراقی شورش اور اس کے بعد کی خانہ جنگی ، []] مصری بحران ، []] لیبیا کا بحران [5] ؛ مذاکرات میں رکاوٹ کے بعد مختلف ملیشیاؤں اور قبائل نے لیبیا میں لڑائی شروع کردی ہے۔ [5] یمن میں بحران [6] اخوان المسلمون کے خلاف مہم میں محمد مرسی کی برطرفی اور جنرل عبد الفتاح السیسی کا عہد۔ [7][8] 3 جولائی ، 2013 سے مصر میں آمریت پسندی اور شہری آزادیوں کے دباؤ پر لوٹ آئیں۔ [8] [9][11] لبنان اور بحرین کا میدان [11] شمالی مالی تنازعہ کو اکثر \" اسلام پسند سرما\" کا حصہ قرار دیا جاتا ہے۔ [10] تیونس میں پیش آنے والی سیاسی تبدیلیاں ، جس میں حکومت میں تبدیلی شامل ہے ، ممکنہ طور پر داعش کی شورش۔ [7][13]"}534{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "Chinese professor Zhang Weiwei first predicted an \"Arab Winter\" in his June 2011 debate with Francis Fukuyama.[25] \"My understanding of the Middle East leads me to conclude that the west should not be too happy. It will bring enormous problems to American interest. It is called \"Arab Spring\" for now, and I guess it will soon turn to be the winter for the Middle East.\"[26]", "target": "چینی پروفیسر جانگ ویوی نے فرانس فوکیوما کے ساتھ جون 2011 میں ہونے والے اپنے مباحثے میں سب سے پہلے \"عرب موسم سرما\" کی پیش گوئی کی تھی۔ [1] \"مشرق وسطی کے بارے میں میری سمجھ سے مجھے یہ نتیجہ اخذ کرنا پڑتا ہے کہ مغرب کو زیادہ خوش نہیں ہونا چاہئے۔ اس سے امریکی مفادات میں بے پناہ پریشانی آئے گی۔ اسے ابھی کے لئے \"عرب بہار\" کہا جاتا ہے ، اور میرا اندازہ ہے کہ جلد ہی مشرق وسطی میں موسم سرما میں تبدیل ہوجائے گا۔ \" [2]"}535{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "In early 2016, The Economist said the Winter was ongoing and \"worse than ever\".[27]", "target": "2016 کے شروع میں ، دی اکنامسٹ نے کہا کہ سرما کا سلسلہ جاری ہے اور \"پہلے سے کہیں زیادہ خراب\" ہے۔ [1]"}536{"src_lang": "simple", "tgt_lang": "ur", "source": "According to the Moshe Dayan Center for Middle Eastern and African Studies, as of January 2014, the Arab Winter cost the Arab League $800 billion USD.[11] In 2014, sixteen million people in Syria, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan and Lebanon were expected to need help.[1]", "target": "مشرق وسطی اور افریقی مطالعات کے لئے موشے دایان سنٹر کے مطابق ، جنوری 2014 تک ، عرب سرما میں عرب لیگ کو 800 بلین امریکی ڈالر لاگت آئے گی۔ [11] 2014 میں ، شام ، مصر ، عراق ، اردن اور لبنان میں سولہ ملین لوگوں کو امداد کی ضرورت کی توقع کی گئی تھی۔ [1][2]"}537{"src_lang": "ko", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "마이크 폴록(Michael B.", "target": "Michael B."}538{"src_lang": "ko", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "\"Mike\" Pollock)은 2005년부터 소닉 더 헤지호그 시리즈에서 닥터 에그맨 역할을 맡은 1965년생 미국인 성우이다. 이 사람은 여러 애니메이션 성우를 했는데, 주로 4Kid나 스튜디오폴리스에서 제작을 많이 했다. 딤 브리스토 성우의 죽음 이후 섀도 더 헤지호그에서 첫 출연하였으며, 이후 소닉 붐 시리즈에서 활동하고 있다. 인간적이고 지적이면서 배짱있는 목소리를 가지고 있지만 우스꽝스러운 모습도 훌륭하게 연기하는 모습이 매우 좋다고 한다.", "target": "\"Mike\" Pollock (born March 9, 1965 in Roslyn Heights, New York)[1] is an American voice actor. He has voiced Doctor Eggman in the Sonic the Hedgehog series video games series since 2005. He has played many characters in anime dubs by 4Kids Entertainment, NYAV Post, DuArt Film and Video, and Studiopolis"}539{"src_lang": "ko", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "바나나호박", "target": "A banana squash"}540{"src_lang": "ko", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "바나나호박()은 쿠커 비타(Cucurbita)계통의 식용 호박 또는 조롱박이다.[1] 겨울 호박의 일종인 버터넛 호박으로부터 개발되었다. 이 호박의 이름은 바나나와 유사한 길쭉한 모양과 노란색으로 인해 지어지게 되었다.", "target": "Banana squash is an edible squash, or gourd, in the Cucurbita family.[1] developed from the butternut squash, a type of winter squash. Its name was given for its elongated shape and yellow colour."}541{"src_lang": "ko", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "버터넛 호박처럼, 감자와 같은 질감에 가운데에 씨앗이 있다. 씨앗이 있기 때문에 과일로 분류된다. 이 호박의 속살은 달콤하면서 짭짤한 맛을 낸다.", "target": "Like the butternut squash, it has a potato-like texture and seeds in the middle. Having seeds, it is classified as a fruit. Its mild flesh can be flavored either sweet or savoury (salty)."}542{"src_lang": "ko", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "갤러리", "target": "Gallery"}543{"src_lang": "ko", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "썰어놓은 바나나호박", "target": "Sliced banana squash"}544{"src_lang": "ko", "tgt_lang": "simple", "source": "각주", "target": "References"}545