DJCheng/embedding_data

1{"query": "Question: What did the monuments look like that first started to appear in the British Isles in the later 16th century? Passage:The first obelisks may start to appear in the later 16th century and it is suggested that the obelisk on Compton Pike is Elizabethan in date. More securely dated is a series of obelisks which start to appear in the 18th century. The first of these was the Wakeman obelisk of 1702 by Nicholas Hawksmoor, which is set in the square at Richmond, Yorkshire. Probably several hundred obelisks exist in the British Isles dating from 18th and early 19th centuries. Most of these obelisks, which are often landmarks commemorate famous people and their achievements. At Stowe in Buckinghamshire an obelisk was erected in memory of Wolfe's victory at Quebec in 1752, while at the death of the Duke of Cumberland in 1765 was noted by an obelisk at Englefield Green in Surrey. Thomas Coke, Earl of Leicester, Coke of Norfolk the farming pioneer has a particularly fine obelisk, set up in the park he created at Holkham in Norfolk. Sometimes an obelisk was used to mark the site of a battle such as the obelisk on the site of English Civil War battlefield at Naseby in Leicestershire. Occasionally obelisks are used as mile markers, as on the Great North Road at a mile from Westminster. In Lincoln an elaborate obelisk was set up on the High Bridge in 1762–63 as a conduit for dispensing water, while Anthony Salvin used obelisks as water fountains on the Belton House estates in Lincolnshire.\n Links: a. Anthony Salvin b. Obelisk c. Anthony Salvin d. English Civil War", "pos": "Question: What was architect's  age when the Wakeman obelisk was set in the square at Richmond, Yorkshire? Passage:The first obelisks may start to appear in the later 16th century and it is suggested that the obelisk on Compton Pike is Elizabethan in date. More securely dated is a series of obelisks which start to appear in the 18th century. The first of these was the Wakeman obelisk of 1702 by Nicholas Hawksmoor, which is set in the square at Richmond, Yorkshire. Probably several hundred obelisks exist in the British Isles dating from 18th and early 19th centuries. Most of these obelisks, which are often landmarks commemorate famous people and their achievements. At Stowe in Buckinghamshire an obelisk was erected in memory of Wolfe's victory at Quebec in 1752, while at the death of the Duke of Cumberland in 1765 was noted by an obelisk at Englefield Green in Surrey. Thomas Coke, Earl of Leicester, Coke of Norfolk the farming pioneer has a particularly fine obelisk, set up in the park he created at Holkham in Norfolk. Sometimes an obelisk was used to mark the site of a battle such as the obelisk on the site of English Civil War battlefield at Naseby in Leicestershire. Occasionally obelisks are used as mile markers, as on the Great North Road at a mile from Westminster. In Lincoln an elaborate obelisk was set up on the High Bridge in 1762–63 as a conduit for dispensing water, while Anthony Salvin used obelisks as water fountains on the Belton House estates in Lincolnshire.\n Links: a. Obelisk b. Nicholas Hawksmoor c. Obelisk d. Anthony Salvin", "neg": "Question: When did the island of Smaothrace leave the Ottoman Empire? Passage:The sculptor is unknown, although Paul MacKendrick suggests that Pythokritos of Lindos is responsible. When first discovered on the island of Samothrace (then part of the Ottoman Empire and called Semadirek) and published in 1863, it was suggested that the Victory was erected by the Macedonian general Demetrius Poliorcetes after his naval victory at Cyprus, between 295 and 289 BC. The Archaeological Museum of Samothrace continues to follow these originally established provenance and dates. Ceramic evidence discovered in recent excavations has revealed that the pedestal was set up about 200 BC, though some scholars still date it as early as 250 BC or as late as 180. Certainly, the parallels with figures and drapery from the Pergamon Altar (dated about 170 BC) seem strong. The evidence for a Rhodian commission of the statue has been questioned, however, and the closest artistic parallel to the Nike of Samothrace are figures depicted on Macedonian coins. Samothrace was an important sanctuary for the Hellenistic Macedonian kings. The most likely battle commemorated by this monument is, perhaps, the Battle of Cos in 255 BC, in which Antigonus II Gonatas of Macedonia won over the fleet of Ptolemy II of Egypt.\n Links: a. Samothrace b. Pergamon Altar c. Battle of Cos d. Paul MacKendrick", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}2{"query": "Question: How many years were there between the release of the Super Famicom and the beginning of Mother 3 development? Passage:Mother 3 was originally developed for the Super Famicom (Super Nintendo Entertainment System) beginning in 1994. Shigeru Miyamoto, head of Nintendo Entertainment Analysis & Development and Mother 3 producer, said that Mother 3 was \"a commercial decision\", since Mother 2 (EarthBound outside Japan) had sold well. By this point, Mother series creator Shigesato Itoi had worked on the series' earlier games and Itoi Shigesato no Bass Tsuri No. 1 and was experienced at pitching video games, so Miyamoto provided a team willingly. The Mother 2 development team carried over to the new game's development, though several people left and the team grew in size. They forewent the usual prototyping phase and went straight into development expecting to create something unprecedented. Itoi said he wanted to make the game like a Hollywood film. In September 1994, he predicted that Mother 3 development would end around 1996 with a release on Nintendo's then-upcoming console. The team was inspired by Super Mario 64 and felt that they too could creatively flourish by making a 3D world without restrictions. Their early technical specifications exceeded the capabilities and memory limits of the platform. About halfway through development, the team attempted to scale back its large scope and changed its development platform to the 64DD, a Nintendo 64 expansion peripheral. At E3 in June 1997, Miyamoto speculated that Mother 3 would be one of the four titles for the then-expected 1998 launch of the Japan-only peripheral, but the game was instead converted to a Nintendo 64 cartridge-only format upon the commercial failure of the repeatedly delayed 64DD.\n Links: a. 64DD b. Super Nintendo Entertainment System c. 64DD d. Electronic Entertainment Expo", "pos": "Question: How long had Rare been in existence for the year Banjo-Kazooie was released? Passage:Project Dream was the codename of a role-playing video game (RPG) that served as the basis for the 1998 game Banjo-Kazooie. Developed by Rare, it was aimed for release on the Super Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES), and later the Nintendo 64 (N64). The plot revolved around a young boy, Edson, who caused trouble with pirates. The SNES version of Dream used an isometric perspective and had a fairy tale-like theme. After transitioning to the N64, the project became a more complex 3D RPG that had a greater emphasis on the pirate theme. Eventually, Dream was scaled back to a linear platform game in the vein of Donkey Kong Country (1994) that starred Banjo the bear, who became the protagonist of Banjo-Kazooie.\n Links: a. Fairy tale b. Rare (company) c. Nintendo 64 d. Rare (company)", "neg": "Question: How long had the 64DD been in development when Miyamoto said Mother 3 might be one of the launch titles for the peripheral? Passage:Mother 3 was originally developed for the Super Famicom (Super Nintendo Entertainment System) beginning in 1994. Shigeru Miyamoto, head of Nintendo Entertainment Analysis & Development and Mother 3 producer, said that Mother 3 was \"a commercial decision\", since Mother 2 (EarthBound outside Japan) had sold well. By this point, Mother series creator Shigesato Itoi had worked on the series' earlier games and Itoi Shigesato no Bass Tsuri No. 1 and was experienced at pitching video games, so Miyamoto provided a team willingly. The Mother 2 development team carried over to the new game's development, though several people left and the team grew in size. They forewent the usual prototyping phase and went straight into development expecting to create something unprecedented. Itoi said he wanted to make the game like a Hollywood film. In September 1994, he predicted that Mother 3 development would end around 1996 with a release on Nintendo's then-upcoming console. The team was inspired by Super Mario 64 and felt that they too could creatively flourish by making a 3D world without restrictions. Their early technical specifications exceeded the capabilities and memory limits of the platform. About halfway through development, the team attempted to scale back its large scope and changed its development platform to the 64DD, a Nintendo 64 expansion peripheral. At E3 in June 1997, Miyamoto speculated that Mother 3 would be one of the four titles for the then-expected 1998 launch of the Japan-only peripheral, but the game was instead converted to a Nintendo 64 cartridge-only format upon the commercial failure of the repeatedly delayed 64DD.\n Links: a. EarthBound b. Electronic Entertainment Expo c. EarthBound d. 64DD", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}3{"query": "Question: What state did Smith graduate high school from? Passage:In 1996, Smith began his coaching career as an assistant at Hempfield High School. From there Smith spent the next four seasons as the passing coordinator for the Duquesne Dukes. In 2001, Smith returned to his high school alma mater the Gateway Gators where he served as the offensive coordinator. The following season Smith was named as the Gators Head Coach and over the next eleven seasons Smith led Gateway to a 101-30 mark and four WPIAL runner-up finishes.. In that time Smith sent 23 players to NCAA FBS (I-A) colleges and 17 more to FCS(I-AA) colleges, and coached in three U.S. Army All-America and Semper Fidelis All-America games. He has mentored six NFL players, including former Nittany Lions Trevor Williams, Jordan Lucas, Justin King and Lydell Sargeant. Smith, who also served as the athletic director, departed Gateway following the 2012 football season when his athletic director position was reduced to part-time. His salary was also cut in half and the district instituted a new rule that no administrator could coach. Following a January recruiting visit in 2013, the Temple Owls coach and fellow Penn State alum Matt Rhule offered Smith a coaching position as his wide receivers coach. Smith accepted and helped the Owls’ passing game reach new heights during the 2013 season. In 2014 James Franklin hired Smith as the Penn State Nittany Lions’ defensive recruiting coordinator and cornerbacks coach, positions he currently maintains. Smith is also the assistant head coach for the Nittany Lions, a title received following the 2015 season.\n Links: a. Gateway High School (Pennsylvania) b. All-American Bowl (high school football) c. Jordan Lucas d. Western Pennsylvania Interscholastic Athletic League", "pos": "Question: In which state did Smith begin his coaching career? Passage:In 1996, Smith began his coaching career as an assistant at Hempfield High School. From there Smith spent the next four seasons as the passing coordinator for the Duquesne Dukes. In 2001, Smith returned to his high school alma mater the Gateway Gators where he served as the offensive coordinator. The following season Smith was named as the Gators Head Coach and over the next eleven seasons Smith led Gateway to a 101-30 mark and four WPIAL runner-up finishes.. In that time Smith sent 23 players to NCAA FBS (I-A) colleges and 17 more to FCS(I-AA) colleges, and coached in three U.S. Army All-America and Semper Fidelis All-America games. He has mentored six NFL players, including former Nittany Lions Trevor Williams, Jordan Lucas, Justin King and Lydell Sargeant. Smith, who also served as the athletic director, departed Gateway following the 2012 football season when his athletic director position was reduced to part-time. His salary was also cut in half and the district instituted a new rule that no administrator could coach. Following a January recruiting visit in 2013, the Temple Owls coach and fellow Penn State alum Matt Rhule offered Smith a coaching position as his wide receivers coach. Smith accepted and helped the Owls’ passing game reach new heights during the 2013 season. In 2014 James Franklin hired Smith as the Penn State Nittany Lions’ defensive recruiting coordinator and cornerbacks coach, positions he currently maintains. Smith is also the assistant head coach for the Nittany Lions, a title received following the 2015 season.\n Links: a. Hempfield Area High School b. Gateway High School (Pennsylvania) c. Penn State Nittany Lions football d. All-American Bowl (high school football)", "neg": "Question: What state did Bowen coach in during the 2013 season? Passage:After he received his degree in 2010, Bowen joined Coach Randy Edsall’s staff as a graduate assistant. During his two seasons as a G.A. at Maryland, he worked with the offensive linemen and the wide receivers. In his final season at Maryland, he coached for Mike Locksley, the Terps’ Offensive Coordinator. Bowen spent the 2013 season as the tight ends coach at Towson University where the Tigers advanced to the FCS Championship Game and finished No. 2 in the country. In 2014, Bowen spent the season as an offensive graduate assistant for the Nittany Lions, he assisted primarily with the offensive line. In 2015, he served as Joe Moorhead's offensive line coach at Fordham, and then as Andrew Breiner's offensive coordinator the following season. In 2017, Bowen joined Maryland and head football coach D. J. Durkin as their offensive line coach. After spending just one season at Maryland, Bowen rejoined Penn State and Coach Franklin as the Nittany Lions tight end coach for the 2018 season. \n Links: a. Graduate assistant b. Offensive coordinator c. Towson Tigers football d. D. J. Durkin", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}4{"query": "Question: When did Gustav Noske become German Reichswehrminister? Passage:As the Treaty of Versailles came into force on 10 January 1920, the German government had to drastically reduce the headcount of its regular armed forces, and dissolve paramilitary units like the right-wing Freikorps. Consequently, the German Reichswehrminister (defence minister) Gustav Noske ordered the dissolution of the Freikorps Marinebrigaden \"Ehrhardt\" and \"Loewenfeld\". The highest ranking general of the Reichswehr, Walther von Lüttwitz refused to comply, which resulted in what became known as Kapp Putsch or Lüttwitz-Kapp-Putsch. On 13 March 1920, the right-wing Marinebrigade Ehrhardt led by von Lüttwitz marched into Berlin, occupied the government buildings and installed Wolfgang Kapp as new chancellor, calling for a return of the monarchy. To restore order, Noske then asked Hans von Seeckt, who at the time was the head of the Truppenamt im Reichswehrministerium, to order the regular army, the \"Transitional Reichswehr\", to put down the putsch. Von Seeckt and the other senior commanders with the exception of General Walther Reinhardt refused and the government was forced to flee from Berlin. \n Links: a. Treaty of Versailles b. Gustav Noske c. Kapp Putsch d. Wolfgang Kapp", "pos": "Question: Who was the leader of Hungary during the Hungarian Revolution of 1848? Passage:The last meetings had revealed the rising antagonism with Britain and France, especially on Italian unification, the right to self-determination and the Eastern Question. The Alliance is conventionally taken to have become defunct with Alexander's death in 1825. France ultimately went her separate way after the July Revolution of 1830, leaving the core of Russia, Austria and Prussia as Central-Eastern European block which once again congregated to suppress the Revolutions of 1848. The Austro-Russian alliance finally broke up in the Crimean War: though Russia had helped to completely destroy the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, Austria did not take any action to support her ally, declared herself neutral and even occupied the Wallachian and Moldavian lands on the Danube upon the Russian retreat in 1854. Thereafter, Austria remained isolated, which added to the loss of her leading role in the German lands, culminating in the defeat of the Austro-Prussian War in 1866.\n Links: a. Eastern Europe b. Hungarian Revolution of 1848 c. Danube d. Wallachia", "neg": "Question: Who did the German government enter into the Treaty of Versailles with? Passage:As the Treaty of Versailles came into force on 10 January 1920, the German government had to drastically reduce the headcount of its regular armed forces, and dissolve paramilitary units like the right-wing Freikorps. Consequently, the German Reichswehrminister (defence minister) Gustav Noske ordered the dissolution of the Freikorps Marinebrigaden \"Ehrhardt\" and \"Loewenfeld\". The highest ranking general of the Reichswehr, Walther von Lüttwitz refused to comply, which resulted in what became known as Kapp Putsch or Lüttwitz-Kapp-Putsch. On 13 March 1920, the right-wing Marinebrigade Ehrhardt led by von Lüttwitz marched into Berlin, occupied the government buildings and installed Wolfgang Kapp as new chancellor, calling for a return of the monarchy. To restore order, Noske then asked Hans von Seeckt, who at the time was the head of the Truppenamt im Reichswehrministerium, to order the regular army, the \"Transitional Reichswehr\", to put down the putsch. Von Seeckt and the other senior commanders with the exception of General Walther Reinhardt refused and the government was forced to flee from Berlin. \n Links: a. Treaty of Versailles b. Treaty of Versailles c. Treaty of Versailles d. Marinebrigade Ehrhardt", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}5{"query": "Question: How old was Svetlana Matveeva when she beat Zapata in 2006? Passage:In 1999, in Santiago won the Pan American Girl's Chess Championship in the age group U20, and in 2000 in Bento Gonçalves won the Pan American Girl's Chess Championship in the age group U18. In 2002, in La Paz she was the second in the Pan American Girl's Chess Championship in the age group U20. In August 2005, she was second in the Pan American Women's Chess Championship, only in a tie-break after losing to Argentinean chess player Claudia Amura. She won four times in the Peruvian Women's Chess Championships: 2000, 2002, 2003 and 2004. In October 2005, after winning the FIDE South America zone tournament, she qualified for the Women's World Chess Championship. In 2006, in Yekaterinburg she participated in the Women's World Chess Championship, where won Kateryna Lagno in the first round, but in the second round lost Svetlana Matveeva. After repeated won the FIDE South America zone tournament in 2007 in Trujillo, where she surpassed her compatriot Deysi Cori, was selected at Women's World Chess Championship in Nalchik, but refused to participate, and her rival in the first round Antoaneta Stefanova went to the second round without a fight. Played for Peru at three Women's Chess Olympiads (2002—2006). In 1999, she was awarded the FIDE International Women International Master (WIM) title.\n Links: a. Kateryna Lagno b. Claudia Amura c. Svetlana Matveeva d. Svetlana Matveeva", "pos": "Question: How many grand slam tournaments have been won by the player Alexandrova lost to in  the Rogers Cup? Passage:In 2019, Alexandrova had more success in the WTA Tour. Seeded sixth, she reached the quarterfinals of the St. Petersburg Ladies' Trophy, followed by a semifinal entry at the Hungarian Ladies Open. She entered the 3rd Round of the Premier Mandatory BNP Paribas Open in Indian Wells, after beating World No. 13 Caroline Wozniacki in three sets. She performed not satisfying on clay tournaments, except at French Open, reaching the third round of a Grand Slam tournament for the first time. In the grass court season, Alexandrova made it into the quarterfinals of the Premier Eastbourne International tournament, losing there to Karolina Pliskova. She achieved her best run in a Premier 5 tournament at the Rogers Cup, reaching the 3rd Round as qualifier. She lost to Serena Williams. After reaching the 2nd Round of the US Open and following Daria Kasatkina's 1st Round loss, Alexandrova became Russia's number one female tennis player.\n Links: a. Caroline Wozniacki b. 2019 St. Petersburg Ladies' Trophy c. Serena Williams d. 2019 French Open", "neg": "Question: Which chess player Zapata competed against in the 2006 Women's World Chess Championship has a higher skill peak rating? Passage:In 1999, in Santiago won the Pan American Girl's Chess Championship in the age group U20, and in 2000 in Bento Gonçalves won the Pan American Girl's Chess Championship in the age group U18. In 2002, in La Paz she was the second in the Pan American Girl's Chess Championship in the age group U20. In August 2005, she was second in the Pan American Women's Chess Championship, only in a tie-break after losing to Argentinean chess player Claudia Amura. She won four times in the Peruvian Women's Chess Championships: 2000, 2002, 2003 and 2004. In October 2005, after winning the FIDE South America zone tournament, she qualified for the Women's World Chess Championship. In 2006, in Yekaterinburg she participated in the Women's World Chess Championship, where won Kateryna Lagno in the first round, but in the second round lost Svetlana Matveeva. After repeated won the FIDE South America zone tournament in 2007 in Trujillo, where she surpassed her compatriot Deysi Cori, was selected at Women's World Chess Championship in Nalchik, but refused to participate, and her rival in the first round Antoaneta Stefanova went to the second round without a fight. Played for Peru at three Women's Chess Olympiads (2002—2006). In 1999, she was awarded the FIDE International Women International Master (WIM) title.\n Links: a. Kateryna Lagno b. Trujillo, Peru c. Deysi Cori d. Bento Gonçalves, Rio Grande do Sul", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}6{"query": "Question: Which player that Dolman was dismissed by in his two first-class appearances was the oldest? Passage:Dolman made his debut for Monmouthshire against Devon in the 1922 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Monmouthshire from 1922 to 1934, making 52 appearances. After 1934, Monmouthshire didn't enter a team in the Minor Counties Championship. During his career he made two first-class appearances, both for Wales. The first of these was in 1926 when Wales played Ireland, a match in which Dolman took the wicket of Gustavus Kelly in the Irish first-innings and Jim Ganly in their second-innings, while in Wales only innings he scored 11 runs before being dismissed by Gustavus Kelly. His second first-class appearance came in 1928 against the touring West Indians, a match in which he went wicket-less, while he scored 35 runs in Wales first-innings before being dismissed by Snuffy Browne. He also played for the Glamorgan Second XI in 1936.\n Links: a. Gustavus Kelly b. Minor Counties of English and Welsh cricket c. Minor Counties of English and Welsh cricket d. Wales national cricket team", "pos": "Question: What year did the term \"first class\" cricket acquire offical status? Passage:Dolman made his debut for Monmouthshire against Devon in the 1922 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Monmouthshire from 1922 to 1934, making 52 appearances. After 1934, Monmouthshire didn't enter a team in the Minor Counties Championship. During his career he made two first-class appearances, both for Wales. The first of these was in 1926 when Wales played Ireland, a match in which Dolman took the wicket of Gustavus Kelly in the Irish first-innings and Jim Ganly in their second-innings, while in Wales only innings he scored 11 runs before being dismissed by Gustavus Kelly. His second first-class appearance came in 1928 against the touring West Indians, a match in which he went wicket-less, while he scored 35 runs in Wales first-innings before being dismissed by Snuffy Browne. He also played for the Glamorgan Second XI in 1936.\n Links: a. First-class cricket b. Monmouthshire County Cricket Club c. Ireland cricket team d. First-class cricket", "neg": "Question: How many teams in total compete in minor counties cricket? Passage:Dolman made his debut for Monmouthshire against Devon in the 1922 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Monmouthshire from 1922 to 1934, making 52 appearances. After 1934, Monmouthshire didn't enter a team in the Minor Counties Championship. During his career he made two first-class appearances, both for Wales. The first of these was in 1926 when Wales played Ireland, a match in which Dolman took the wicket of Gustavus Kelly in the Irish first-innings and Jim Ganly in their second-innings, while in Wales only innings he scored 11 runs before being dismissed by Gustavus Kelly. His second first-class appearance came in 1928 against the touring West Indians, a match in which he went wicket-less, while he scored 35 runs in Wales first-innings before being dismissed by Snuffy Browne. He also played for the Glamorgan Second XI in 1936.\n Links: a. Monmouthshire County Cricket Club b. Wales national cricket team c. Minor Counties of English and Welsh cricket d. Snuffy Browne", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}7{"query": "Question: Who is the current owner of the team Théodore signed a multi-million dollar contract with? Passage:Théodore's play did not see much improvement the following season, in 2006–07, as he lost the starting role to Budaj with a 13–15–1 record, 3.26 GAA and .891 save percentage. He saw a resurgence in 2007–08 and resumed the starting role with a 2.40 GAA and .910 save percentage. On July 1, 2008, he parted ways with the Avalanche in the off-season and signed a two-year, $9 million contract with the Washington Capitals. He replaced long-time Capitals starter Olaf Kölzig and the previous season's acquisition (as well as former Canadiens teammate) Cristobal Huet, both having departed in free agency. Joining a team that featured young talents Alexander Semin, Nicklas Bäckström, Mike Green and Alexander Ovechkin, Théodore helped lead the Capitals to a division title and entered the 2009 playoffs as the second seed. However, after allowing four goals in a Game 1 loss to the New York Rangers in the opening round, he was pulled in favour of backup Semyon Varlamov. In 2010, Théodore had a 30–7–7 record and tied a Capitals franchise record for consecutive wins (10) and ended the season on a 20–0–4 streak. He started the playoffs but was pulled in Game 2 and replaced again by Varlamov. Théodore did not play any more games as the Capitals were eliminated in seven games in the first round of playoffs, as Jaroslav Halák and the Montreal Canadiens won three consecutive games to overcome a 3–1 deficit to win the series four games to three. Théodore won the Bill Masterton Memorial Trophy in 2010.\n Links: a. Mike Green (ice hockey, born 1985) b. Washington Capitals c. 2006–07 NHL season d. Semyon Varlamov", "pos": "Question: Who won the award given to José in 2010 five years previous? Passage:Théodore's play did not see much improvement the following season, in 2006–07, as he lost the starting role to Budaj with a 13–15–1 record, 3.26 GAA and .891 save percentage. He saw a resurgence in 2007–08 and resumed the starting role with a 2.40 GAA and .910 save percentage. On July 1, 2008, he parted ways with the Avalanche in the off-season and signed a two-year, $9 million contract with the Washington Capitals. He replaced long-time Capitals starter Olaf Kölzig and the previous season's acquisition (as well as former Canadiens teammate) Cristobal Huet, both having departed in free agency. Joining a team that featured young talents Alexander Semin, Nicklas Bäckström, Mike Green and Alexander Ovechkin, Théodore helped lead the Capitals to a division title and entered the 2009 playoffs as the second seed. However, after allowing four goals in a Game 1 loss to the New York Rangers in the opening round, he was pulled in favour of backup Semyon Varlamov. In 2010, Théodore had a 30–7–7 record and tied a Capitals franchise record for consecutive wins (10) and ended the season on a 20–0–4 streak. He started the playoffs but was pulled in Game 2 and replaced again by Varlamov. Théodore did not play any more games as the Capitals were eliminated in seven games in the first round of playoffs, as Jaroslav Halák and the Montreal Canadiens won three consecutive games to overcome a 3–1 deficit to win the series four games to three. Théodore won the Bill Masterton Memorial Trophy in 2010.\n Links: a. Montreal Canadiens b. Bill Masterton Memorial Trophy c. Washington Capitals d. Olaf Kölzig", "neg": "Question: Who was the team captain for the Dallas Stars when Desrosiers played for them? Passage:Desrosiers played with the Rimouski Océanic of the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (QMJHL) from 2012 to 2015. Following his first full season with Rimouski Océanic he was awarded the Raymond Lagacé Trophy as the QMJHL Defensive Rookie of the Year and was also named to the 2012–13 QMJHL All-Rookie Team. On April 19, 2014, the Dallas Stars of the National Hockey League signed Desrosiers to three-year entry-level contract, but he was returned to the Rimouski Océanic for the 2014–15 QMJHL season where, in his final year of major junior hockey, he was recognized for his outstanding play when he posted the QMJHL Best GAA of 2.50 to win the Jacques Plante Memorial Trophy and was selected as the 2014–15 CHL Goaltender of the Year.\n Links: a. CHL Goaltender of the Year b. 2014–15 QMJHL season c. Goals against average d. Dallas Stars", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}8{"query": "Question: How many years after the Latorre was laid down was the Cochrane laid down? Passage:On 6 July 1910, the National Congress of Chile passed a bill allocating 400,000 pounds sterling to the navy for two battleships—which would eventually be named Almirante Latorre and Almirante Cochrane—six destroyers, and two submarines. The contract to build the battleships was awarded to Armstrong Whitworth on 25 July 1911. Almirante Latorre was officially ordered on 2 November 1911, and was laid down less than a month later on 27 November, becoming the largest ship built by Armstrong at the time. The New York Tribune reported on 2 November 1913 that Greece had reached an accord to purchase Almirante Latorre during a war scare with the Ottoman Empire, but despite a developing sentiment within Chile to sell one or both of the dreadnoughts, no deal was made.\n Links: a. Chilean ship Cochrane b. New-York Tribune c. Submarine d. New-York Tribune", "pos": "Question: How much time elapsed between the raid that damaged the Z33 and the Allied bomber attack? Passage:Z33 was a Type 1936A (Mob) destroyer built for the Kriegsmarine (German Navy) during World War II. Completed in 1943, the ship was damaged during the raid on the island of Spitsbergen in September and spent all of 1944 in Norwegian waters. She was damaged by British aircraft attacking the battleship in July. Z33 escorted troop convoys from northern Norway when the Germans began evacuating the area beginning in October. She ran aground in early 1945 as she was sailing for the Baltic and was badly damaged. While the ship was being towed to port for repairs, she and her escorts were attacked by Allied fighter-bombers. Z33 finally reached the Baltic in early April, but was reduced to reserve for lack of fuel. The ship was transferred to Cuxhaven and decommissioned shortly before the end of the war.\n Links: a. Operation Zitronella b. Black Friday (1945) c. Spitsbergen d. Ship commissioning", "neg": "Question: How many years following the death of John Hazelwood did the USS Hazelwood, named in his honor, launch? Passage:Hazelwood, was named in honor of John Hazelwood, was laid down 24 December 1917 by Union Iron Works, San Francisco, California, launched 22 June 1918; sponsored by Miss Marian L. Neitzel; and commissioned 20 February 1919, Comdr. A. A. Corwin in command. Following shakedown and a voyage to Norfolk for supplies, Hazelwood departed New York for the Mediterranean 15 April 1919. Reaching Gibraltar 9 May, she participated in training and served as escort to Arizona (BB-39). After patrolling the Mediterranean, she departed Malta 28 July and arrived New York 13 August. Next day she got underway for her new home waters, the Pacific. Sailing via Cuba and Panama, she arrived at San Francisco 5 September. After operations along the West Coast, she decommissioned at San Diego 7 July 1922.\n Links: a. USS Arizona (BB-39) b. John Hazelwood c. Pacific Ocean d. Union Iron Works", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}9{"query": "Question: How long was US 2 in 1925? Passage:The first inter-state numbering for the Roosevelt Highway was in New England, where the New England road marking system was established in 1922. Route 18 followed the auto trail from Portland northwest to Montpelier, where it continued to Burlington via Route 14. Many of the states along the route also assigned numbers to the highway; for instance, New York labeled their portion Route 3 in 1924. The Joint Board on Interstate Highways distributed its preliminary plan in 1925, in which a long section of the highway was labeled US 2, from St. Ignace, Michigan west to Bonners Ferry, Idaho. East of St. Ignace, instead of crossing to the Lower Peninsula like the Roosevelt Highway, the proposed Route 2 traveled north to the international border at Sault Ste. Marie. It reappeared at Rouses Point, New York, following Route 30 and then rejoining the auto trail between Burlington and Montpelier. US 2 and the Roosevelt Highway both connected Montpelier to St. Johnsbury, but the latter took a direct path along Route 18, while the former was assigned to Route 25 to Wells River, where it overlapped proposed US 5 north to St. Johnsbury. There, where the Roosevelt Highway turned southeast to Portland, Route 2 continued east along Route 15 to Bangor and Route 1 to Calais, then heading north on Route 24 to end in Houlton.\n Links: a. Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan b. New England road marking system c. New England road marking system d. St. Ignace, Michigan", "pos": "Question: Of the places Route 162 travels through on its way to Buckley, which one has a lower elevation? Passage:SR 162 was codified as SSH 5E during the creation of the primary and secondary state highways in 1937, beginning at Primary State Highway 5 (PSH 5) and U.S. Route 410 in Puyallup, traveling through Orting and South Prairie to end at an intersection with a branch of PSH 5 southwest of Buckley. SSH 5E had a branch that traveled south from Orting to Electron that was removed from the state highway system in 1955. The highway traveled across the Puyallup River into Orting on the McMillin Bridge, which opened in 1934 as a concrete half-through truss bridge to save the Department of Highways a total of $826. SR 165 was established during the 1964 highway renumbering and was codified in 1970 as the replacement to SSH 5E. The western terminus, now at SR 410, was moved east to an interchange in Sumner after the completion of the Sumner Freeway in 1972. The McMillin Bridge was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982 as an example of a half-through truss bridge built with concrete instead of steel. The route of the highway has not seen a major revision since 1972; however, WSDOT repaved the roadway and added guardrails between Orting and Buckley in 2008. The deteriorating McMillin Bridge is being replaced by WSDOT with a newer, wider span over the Puyallup River scheduled to begin construction in 2014.\n Links: a. Puyallup River b. McMillin Bridge c. Puyallup River d. Orting, Washington", "neg": "Question: How long is the roadway that Route 24 intersects in Taunton? Passage:The highway continues at the Rhode Island border at Rhode Island Route 24 and meets Interstate 195 in Fall River. It briefly runs concurrently with I-195 east (for less than a mile), then exits the interstate and travels north, merging with Route 79 at Exit 7 in northern Fall River. Routes 24 and 79 run concurrently northward until Exit 9 (Assonet). At this point, Route 79 exits the freeway and heads northeast. Route 24 continues north, intersecting the northern end of the Taunton-New Bedford Expressway (Route 140) in Taunton, and Interstate 495 in Raynham. The highway continues north through the city of Brockton and into Randolph, where Route 24 ends at a split junction with Interstate 93. This section of I-93 from Braintree to its junction with I-95 is frequently, yet erroneously, referred to by its former designation of Route 128. This designation was removed from I-93 in 1989, when the roadway obtained the additional designation of U.S. Route 1, although this is not shown on exit signs from Route 24. The route is officially 40.9 miles in length, however, mileposts continue up to 41.2 on the Exit 21B ramp to I-93 south.\n Links: a. Assonet, Massachusetts b. Fall River, Massachusetts c. Massachusetts Route 140 d. Massachusetts Route 140", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}10{"query": "Question: Who was the president of University of California, Berkeley when Kracaw enrolled? Passage:Kracaw graduated from high school in 1915. In the same year, her family left Colorado and moved to Orland, California, since the lower elevation there was expected to benefit her father's health. However, her father suffered setbacks in his business, and facing both blindness and tuberculosis, he committed suicide in 1917. Kracaw enrolled at the University of California, Berkeley, in 1915. She considered majoring in economics and English literature before deciding on psychology. She made a number of lifelong friends during her undergraduate years, including Jean Macfarlane, whose interest in psychology drove Kracaw to select that discipline for her major. She graduated cum laude in 1921, and began graduate study at UC Berkeley. Her Master's thesis studied ten families in San Francisco that had been clients of a juvenile court. She volunteered as a probation officer, and was required to meet and report on the families she was studying. She would later write that she struggled to be objective in writing about these families. Kracaw received her Master's degree in clinical psychology in 1920.\n Links: a. Master's degree b. Jean Macfarlane c. Graduate school d. University of California, Berkeley", "pos": "Question: In which city did Fisher get his undergraduate degree? Passage:The co-founder and executive director is Daniel B. Fisher, now a board-certified psychiatrist. A graduate of Princeton University, he completed a PhD in biochemistry at the University of Wisconsin, medical training at George Washington University, and a psychiatric residency at Harvard Medical School. While working as a biomedical researcher at the National Institute of Mental Health before he was a psychiatrist, Fisher had a psychotic episode including hallucinations and delusions. After three months at Bethesda Naval Hospital at age 25, which included forced seclusion and antipsychotic haloperidol, he was discharged with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. He was involuntarily hospitalized three times. He reports being influenced by those who were able to show they cared about the person inside and gave him hope that he might some day recover. He went on to become a psychiatrist. He was told during psychiatric training that \"You can’t talk to an illness\" but believed that talking to the person inside is a key method for building trust and recovery. He has since worked as a psychiatrist in hospitals and clinics, while also being a part of the consumer movement. He said that a very significant part of the reason for becoming a psychiatrist was wanting to bring to the field what he wished had been there when he was going through psychosis He was a member of the White House Commission on Mental Health, 2002-03.\n Links: a. Haloperidol b. Harvard Medical School c. Psychiatrist d. Princeton University", "neg": "Question: Did the close friend who inspired Kracaw to pursue psychology as her major enrolled in UC Berkeley the same year as she did? Passage:Kracaw graduated from high school in 1915. In the same year, her family left Colorado and moved to Orland, California, since the lower elevation there was expected to benefit her father's health. However, her father suffered setbacks in his business, and facing both blindness and tuberculosis, he committed suicide in 1917. Kracaw enrolled at the University of California, Berkeley, in 1915. She considered majoring in economics and English literature before deciding on psychology. She made a number of lifelong friends during her undergraduate years, including Jean Macfarlane, whose interest in psychology drove Kracaw to select that discipline for her major. She graduated cum laude in 1921, and began graduate study at UC Berkeley. Her Master's thesis studied ten families in San Francisco that had been clients of a juvenile court. She volunteered as a probation officer, and was required to meet and report on the families she was studying. She would later write that she struggled to be objective in writing about these families. Kracaw received her Master's degree in clinical psychology in 1920.\n Links: a. Jean Macfarlane b. Juvenile court c. University of California, Berkeley d. Tuberculosis", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}11{"query": "Question: What is the birthplace of the man who revealed that Trnka was the composer of works previously attributed to Mozart? Passage:Trnka emerged into public view in 1988 when it was revealed by Wolfgang Plath that he was the composer of two minor works previously attributed to Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Trnka's compositional specialization appears to have been canons, a form of music at the time often sung recreationally among friends. According to Link, at least 61 canons by Trnka survive, and all but one are to lyrics by the famous librettist Metastasio. Mozart enjoyed singing canons with his friends (see \"Difficile lectu\"), and particularly liked canons with humorous scatological lyrics, of which he composed several himself (see Mozart and scatology). In the present case, Mozart evidently took two canons by Trnka and gave them new lyrics, which he probably wrote himself. Trnka's \"Tu sei gelosa, è vero\" became Mozart's \"Leck mir den Arsch fein recht schön sauber\" (\"Lick me in the ass right well and clean\"), and Trnka's \"So che vanti un cor ingrato\" became Mozart's \"Bei der Hitz im Sommer eß ich\" (\"In the heat of summer I eat\"). These works were mistaken as Mozart's compositions when his widow Constanze sent them as part of a bundle of canons in 1800 to the publisher Breitkopf & Härtel, who four years later duly published them as Mozart's work. They entered the standard Köchel catalogue as K. 233 and K. 234 (K 382e).\n Links: a. Wolfgang Plath b. Constanze Mozart c. Wolfgang Plath d. Constanze Mozart", "pos": "Question: Where is Baroque composer Adam Krieger from? Passage:Johann and his older brother Johann Philipp came from a Nuremberg family of rugmakers. Neither are related to Adam Krieger, another Baroque composer. Johann studied with Heinrich Schwemmer (teacher of Johann Pachelbel) at St. Sebaldus, and sang in the choir there for several years. From 1661–68 Krieger studied keyboard playing with Georg Caspar Wecker. His older brother's development was different, for Johann Philipp studied with a Froberger pupil, Johann Drechsel. However, for about a decade from 1668 the two brothers' lives shared the same course. In 1671 both Kriegers studied composition at Zeitz. In 1672 Johann Philipp moved to Bayreuth and became court organist there. He very quickly rose to the rank of Kapellmeister, and was succeeded as court organist by Johann. In 1677 Johann Philipp was employed as court organist at Halle, and Johann soon became chamber musician at Zeitz, a city some 30 miles away. He then attained the position of Kapellmeister at Greiz (a further 30 miles south from Zeitz).\n Links: a. Adam Krieger b. Greiz c. Adam Krieger d. Halle (Saale)", "neg": "Question: Where was Schunk's conductor for his 1986 tenor solo performance born? Passage:From 1979 onwards, he worked as a freelance singer, performing internationally. He appeared at both the Hamburg State Opera and the Vienna State Opera in 1981 as the Emperor in Die Frau ohne Schatten by Richard Strauss. In 1983, he appeared as Max in Weber's Der Freischütz at the Bregenz Festival. The same year, he made his U.S. debut as Erik at the Lyric Opera of Chicago. In 1984 he took part in the Hamburg State Opera's tour of Japan. In 1986 he appeared as Florestan in Beethoven's Fidelio at the Metropolitan Opera, opposite Hildegard Behrens in the title role, returning in 1989 as Siegmund and in 1990 as the Emperor, a role which he had also performed for his 1987 debut at the Royal Opera House. In 1996, he appeared as Loge in Wagner's Das Rheingold at the Opéra de Marseille. In addition to his opera activities, Schunk has also performed successfully in concerts. He recorded the tenor solo in Beethoven's Ninth Symphony in 1986, conducted by Georg Solti with the Chicago Symphony Orchestra & Chorus, alongside Jessye Norman, Reinhild Runkel and Hans Sotin.\n Links: a. Hans Sotin b. Georg Solti c. Georg Solti d. Das Rheingold", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}12{"query": "Question: How old was Sir Thomas Arundell when he purchased Wardour Castle? Passage:After the fall of the Lovell family following their support of the Lancastrian cause during the Wars of the Roses, the castle was confiscated in 1461 and passed through several owners until bought by Sir Thomas Arundell of Lanherne in 1544. The Arundells were an ancient and prominent Cornish family, the principal branches of which were seated at the manors of Lanherne, Trerice, Tolverne and Menadarva in Cornwall. The family held several estates in Wiltshire. The castle was confiscated when Sir Thomas — a staunch Roman Catholic — was executed for treason in 1552, but in 1570 was bought back by his son, Sir Matthew Arundell, later a Sheriff and Custos Rotulorum of Dorset. The Arundells, led by Thomas Arundell, 1st Baron Arundell of Wardour, subsequently became known as some of the most active of the Catholic landowners in England at the time of the Reformation; thus they were naturally Royalists in the English Civil War. During that conflict, Thomas Arundell, 2nd Baron Arundell of Wardour, was away from home on the King's business and had asked his wife, Lady Blanche Arundell, aged 61, to defend the castle with a garrison of 25 trained fighting men. On 2 May 1643 Sir Edward Hungerford, with 1,300 men of the Parliamentarian Army, demanded admittance to search for Royalists. He was refused and laid siege, setting about the walls with guns and mines. After five days the castle was threatened with complete destruction. Lady Arundell agreed to surrender, and the castle was placed under the command of Colonel Edmund Ludlow. Lord Arundell had died of his wounds after the Battle of Stratton, and his son, Henry 3rd Lord Arundell, next laid siege to his own castle, blew up much of it and obliged the Parliamentary garrison to surrender in March 1644.\n Links: a. Roundhead b. Thomas Arundell of Wardour Castle c. Lanherne d. Catholic Church", "pos": "Question: What year was the castle that FitzWilliam led the assault on built? Passage:He was both a Catholic and a royalist, and enjoyed the confidence of Queen Henrietta Maria, who recommended him to Charles I as \"a man deserving of every encouragement.\" In 1645 he tried to get the Confederation of Kilkenny to support King Charles I in the English Civil War on the grounds that their demands for full civic rights to be restored to Roman Catholics would be met. He fought with the Confederates against the Parliamentarians in 1645–6, and led a successful assault on Roscommon Castle in 1646. In 1649 he was imprisoned in London but soon released. After some time in France he was allowed to return to England through the pleas of his brother-in-law John Holles, 2nd Earl of Clare. He is said to have been one of the few Irishmen whom Oliver Cromwell admired, and was also on good terms with Oliver's son Henry Cromwell, although Henry refused his request to be allowed to recover possession of his principal residence, Merrion Castle. During the Commonwealth he seems to have played a careful double game- his second marriage into the Holles family put him in the Parliamentarian camp, but he was also suspected of working for the Restoration of Charles II.\n Links: a. Cavalier b. Roscommon c. John Holles, 2nd Earl of Clare d. The Restoration", "neg": "Question: How old was King Henry IV when Heimburg Castle was built? Passage:After the deposition of the Saxon duke Henry the Lion in 1180, the Regenstein counts were temporarily arrested by the forces of Emperor Frederick Barbarossa, but were reconciled with the Hohenstaufen monarch soon after. After a lengthy feud Heimburg Castle, built about 1170 by King Henry IV and soon after devastated during the Saxon Rebellion, was acquired by the Regenstein counts in the early 14th century. The Regenstein-Heimburg branch re-united the Regenstein and Blankenburg estates in 1343, under the rule of the most renowned Count Albert II (1310–49), who since the 1330s was frequently in dispute with the leaders of the surrounding estates like the Halberstadt bishops and the Abbesses of Quedlinburg; he was finally assassinated by the henchmen of Bishop Albert II of Halberstadt. These tales were romanticised in the ballad The Robber Count () by Gottfried August Bürger, melodized by Johann Philipp Kirnberger and the novel of the same name by Julius Wolff.\n Links: a. Quedlinburg Abbey b. Ballad c. Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor d. Ballad", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}13{"query": "Question: Who was the winner of the match held between Bangladesh and Zimbabwe in the stadium in 2006? Passage:The Sher-e-Bangla National Cricket Stadium, formerly known as the Mirpur Stadium due its location in the city's locality of Mirpur, is a sports ground in Dhaka, Bangladesh that has hosted international cricket matches along with provincial games. It is named after AK Fazlul Huq, one of the renowned leaders among the natives who was accorded the title Sher-e-Bangla (\"tiger of Bengal\"). The venue was taken over by the Bangladesh Cricket Board in 2004, replacing the Bangabandhu National Stadium as the home of both the men's and women's national teams. It has a capacity of 25,000 spectators for international matches. The first Test at this venue took place in 2007, between Bangladesh and India, and the first One Day International (ODI) match was held between Bangladesh and Zimbabwe in 2006.\n Links: a. One Day International b. Dhaka c. Sher-e-Bangla National Cricket Stadium d. Bangabandhu National Stadium", "pos": "Question: Who won the controversial match between Nepal and the United States at the 2010 World Cricket League Division Five? Passage:Mandal was selected in Nepal Under-19s fourteen man squad in the 2008 Under-19 World Cup, making six Youth One Day International appearances in the tournament. In 2010, Mandal was selected in Nepal's fourteen man squad for the 2010 World Cricket League Division Five in February 2010, making his senior debut in the tournament in a controversial match against the United States. Both teams would progress to the final of the tournament, where Mandal made his second appearance of the tournament. In April of that year, he played for Nepal in the 2010 ACC Trophy Elite, making six appearances. Having gained promotion in the World Cricket League by winning Division Five earlier in 2010, Nepal played in the Division Four in August of that year, with Mandal selected as part of Nepal's fourteen man squad for the tournament, where he made seven appearances. In November 2010, he played for Nepal in the 2010 Asian Games, making three appearances against Hong Kong, the Maldives and Sri Lanka, though Nepal didn't progress far enough in the tournament for Mandal to become a medalist.\n Links: a. United States national cricket team b. Maldives national cricket team c. 2010 ICC World Cricket League Division Five d. United States national cricket team", "neg": "Question: Who was the winner of World Twenty20 the year nine matches were held at Vidarbha Cricket Association Stadium? Passage:The Vidarbha Cricket Association Stadium, also known as the New VCA Stadium, is a cricket ground in Nagpur, India. It is the home of the Vidarbha cricket team in the Ranji Trophy and the Central Zone cricket team in the Duleep Trophy. It is also a Test, One Day International and Twenty20 International (T20) venue. The ground was opened in 2008. It replaced the Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground as the city's primary cricket venue. The new Vidarbha Cricket Association Stadium has a capacity of 45,000 spectators. It has been praised by the International Cricket Council, and also by players, commentators and journalists because of its facilities. The ground has hosted six Test matches, the first in 2008 when Australia lost to India by 172 runs. It has also staged eight One Day International matches, the first of which was in 2009 when India beat Australia by 99 runs. Eleven Twenty20 Internationals have been played at the ground, the first when India played Sri Lanka in 2009. Of the eight One Day Internationals played at the stadium, four matches were held during the group stage of the World Cup in 2011. Of the eleven Twenty20 Internationals staged at the venue, nine matches were staged during the World Twenty20 in 2016.\n Links: a. India b. Ranji Trophy c. One Day International d. 2016 ICC World Twenty20", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}14{"query": "Question: In what state was Banks ordered to pursue Stonewall Jackson? Passage:Banks's division technically belonged to George McClellan despite serving as an independent command in the Shenandoah Valley. On March 14, 1862, President Lincoln issued an executive order forming all troops in McClellan's department into corps. Banks thus became a corps commander, in charge of his own former division, now commanded by Brig. Gen Alpheus Williams and the division of Brig. Gen James Shields, which was added to Banks's command. After Stonewall Jackson was turned back at the First Battle of Kernstown on March 23, Banks was instead ordered to pursue Jackson up the valley, to prevent him from reinforcing the defenses of Richmond. When Banks's men reached the southern Valley at the end of a difficult supply line, the president recalled them to Strasburg, at the northern end. Jackson then marched rapidly down the adjacent Luray Valley, and encountered some of Banks' forces in the Battle of Front Royal on May 23. This prompted Banks to withdraw to Winchester, where Jackson again attacked on May 25. The Union forces were poorly arrayed in defense, and retreated in disorder across the Potomac River and back into Maryland. An attempt to capture Jackson's forces in a pincer movement (with forces led by John Frémont and Irvin McDowell) failed, and Jackson was able to reinforce Richmond. Banks was criticized for mishandling his troops and performing inadequate reconnaissance in the campaign, while his political allies sought to pin the blame for the debacle on the War Department.\n Links: a. Winchester, Virginia b. First Battle of Kernstown c. Alpheus S. Williams d. Stonewall Jackson", "pos": "Question: Did Jackson or Banks emerge victories in the Battle that took place on May 23rd? Passage:Banks's division technically belonged to George McClellan despite serving as an independent command in the Shenandoah Valley. On March 14, 1862, President Lincoln issued an executive order forming all troops in McClellan's department into corps. Banks thus became a corps commander, in charge of his own former division, now commanded by Brig. Gen Alpheus Williams and the division of Brig. Gen James Shields, which was added to Banks's command. After Stonewall Jackson was turned back at the First Battle of Kernstown on March 23, Banks was instead ordered to pursue Jackson up the valley, to prevent him from reinforcing the defenses of Richmond. When Banks's men reached the southern Valley at the end of a difficult supply line, the president recalled them to Strasburg, at the northern end. Jackson then marched rapidly down the adjacent Luray Valley, and encountered some of Banks' forces in the Battle of Front Royal on May 23. This prompted Banks to withdraw to Winchester, where Jackson again attacked on May 25. The Union forces were poorly arrayed in defense, and retreated in disorder across the Potomac River and back into Maryland. An attempt to capture Jackson's forces in a pincer movement (with forces led by John Frémont and Irvin McDowell) failed, and Jackson was able to reinforce Richmond. Banks was criticized for mishandling his troops and performing inadequate reconnaissance in the campaign, while his political allies sought to pin the blame for the debacle on the War Department.\n Links: a. Richmond, Virginia b. Irvin McDowell c. First Battle of Winchester d. Battle of Front Royal", "neg": "Question: In what state did the action take place where Smith brevetted for his services? Passage:At the outbreak of the Civil War, Smith became a colonel of the 2nd California Volunteer Cavalry in the Union Army, rising early in 1862 to the rank of brigadier general in the United States Volunteers and to the chief command of the cavalry in the Department of the Missouri. From March through July, he served in the same capacity in the Department of the Mississippi. Assigned afterwards to the Army of the Tennessee, he took part in the Battle of Chickasaw Bayou and the capture of Arkansas Post. He commanded a division of the XIII Corps in the Vicksburg Campaign. Later, he led a division of the XVI Corps in the Red River Campaign of Maj. Gen. Nathaniel Banks. He received the brevet rank of colonel in the regular army for his services at the action of Pleasant Hill.\n Links: a. Nathaniel P. Banks b. Battle of Pleasant Hill c. Union Army d. Nathaniel P. Banks", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}15{"query": "Question: How long did the German invasion of Soviet Union that Hannig participated in last? Passage:Born in 1921 in Frankenstein, Lower Silesia, Hannig joined the military service in the Luftwaffe as a Fahnenjunker (officer cadet) in October 1939. He was posted to the 6./Jagdgeschwader 54 \"Grünherz\" (JG 54—54th fighter wing) in early 1941. His brother, Walter Hannig, received the German Cross in Gold () on 28 April 1943 as an observer with Aufklärungsgruppe (reconnaissance group) 4.(F)/14 of the Luftwaffe. Horst Hannig claimed his first aerial victory, a Tupolev SB-2, on the first day of Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union on 22 June 1941. He achieved his first 30 victories up to November 1941. On 9 May 1942, Leutnant (second Lieutenant) Hannig was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross () having flown over 200 operations and claiming 48 victories. He and Leutnant Hans Beißwenger received the Knight's Cross from General der Flieger Helmuth Förster at Siverskaya. On 21 July 1942 he claimed his 54th victory, a Petlyakov Pe-2 reconnaissance aircraft, near Lake Ilmen. It was JG 54 2,500th aerial victory.\n Links: a. Petlyakov Pe-2 b. Lower Silesia c. Operation Barbarossa d. Jagdgeschwader 54", "pos": "Question: How long did the battle where Wilcke was shot down and taken prisoner last? Passage:Born in Schrimm in the Province of Posen, Wilcke volunteered for military service in the Reichswehr of the Third Reich in 1934. Initially serving in the Heer (Army), he transferred to the Luftwaffe (Air Force) in 1935. Following flight training, he was posted to Jagdgeschwader \"Richthofen\" (Fighter Wing \"Richthofen\") in April 1936. After an assignment as fighter pilot instructor he volunteered for service with the Condor Legion during the Spanish Civil War in early 1939. After his return from Spain, he was appointed Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of the 7. Staffel (7th squadron) of Jagdgeschwader 53 (JG 53—53rd Fighter Wing). Following the outbreak of World War II, he claimed his first aerial victory on 7 November 1939. On 18 May 1940, during the Battle of France, he was shot down and taken prisoner of war. After the armistice with France, he returned from captivity and was appointed Gruppenkommandeur (group commander) of the III. Gruppe (3rd group) of JG 53 during the Battle of Britain, claiming 10 victories over England.\n Links: a. Gruppenkommandeur b. England c. Battle of France d. Reichswehr", "neg": "Question: How long did Reinert serve with the Jagdgeschwader 7? Passage:Born in Cologne-Lindenthal, Reinert volunteered for military service in the National Socialist Luftwaffe in 1938. Following flight training, he was posted to Jagdgeschwader 77 (JG 77—77th Fighter Wing). He fought in Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union, and claimed his first aerial victory on 8 August 1941. He received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross following his 53rd aerial victory. Accumulating further victories, he surpassed the century mark in October 1942 for which he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves. In November 1942, his unit was transferred to the Mediterranean theatre in support of the Afrika Korps. There, Reinert claimed 51 victories against the Western Allies. In August 1943, he was appointed Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of 1. Staffel (1st squadron) of JG 77, and in February 1944 the 8. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 27 (JG 27—27th Fighter Wing) based in France. Reinert was then appointed Gruppenkommandeur (group commander) of IV. Gruppe (4th group) of JG 27 and, credited with 174 aerial victories, received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords on 30 January 1945. He then received conversion training to the then new Messerschmitt Me 262 jet fighter and was posted to Jagdgeschwader 7 (JG 7—7th Fighter Wing), an all-jet fighter wing.\n Links: a. Jagdgeschwader b. Operation Barbarossa c. Lindenthal, Cologne d. Organization of the Luftwaffe (1933–45)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}16{"query": "Question: What city did Madonna perform in on March 1, 2015? Passage:On March 1, 2015, Madonna performed the song for the first time on Italian TV show, Che tempo che fa, along with \"Ghosttown\", the album's second single. An episode featuring her appearance was aired on March 8. For the performance of \"Devil Pray\", Madonna wore \"an extravagant black robe and various rosaries.\" A writer for Yahoo! noticed that both performances were warmly received by the audience, while Lionel Nicaise appreciated that Madonna put more emphasis on the melodies and her vocals during the performance, rather than costumes and stage props. Bianca Grace of Idolator noted that the performance \"will have you repenting your weekend sins, as the singer emotionally sings the tune.\" \"Devil Pray\" was performed on Madonna's 2015–16 Rebel Heart Tour. Following the Last Supper-themed mashup performance of \"Holy Water\" and \"Vogue\", Madonna climbed down to the center stage to perform \"Devil Pray\"; during the performance she straddled one of her male dancers, who was dressed as a priest, and engaged in a dance-off with other dancers. Jordan Zivitz from the Montreal Gazette said that she found the performance to be \"challenging\". Previous to this the song was also used for promotional videos related to the tour's rehearsals and dancer interviews. The performance of \"Devil Pray\" at the March 19–20, 2016 shows in Sydney's Allphones Arena was recorded and released in Madonna's fifth live album, Rebel Heart Tour.\n Links: a. Che tempo che fa b. Mashup (music) c. Yahoo! d. Vogue (Madonna song)", "pos": "Question: What country was Bianca Grace's review published in? Passage:On March 1, 2015, Madonna performed the song for the first time on Italian TV show, Che tempo che fa, along with \"Ghosttown\", the album's second single. An episode featuring her appearance was aired on March 8. For the performance of \"Devil Pray\", Madonna wore \"an extravagant black robe and various rosaries.\" A writer for Yahoo! noticed that both performances were warmly received by the audience, while Lionel Nicaise appreciated that Madonna put more emphasis on the melodies and her vocals during the performance, rather than costumes and stage props. Bianca Grace of Idolator noted that the performance \"will have you repenting your weekend sins, as the singer emotionally sings the tune.\" \"Devil Pray\" was performed on Madonna's 2015–16 Rebel Heart Tour. Following the Last Supper-themed mashup performance of \"Holy Water\" and \"Vogue\", Madonna climbed down to the center stage to perform \"Devil Pray\"; during the performance she straddled one of her male dancers, who was dressed as a priest, and engaged in a dance-off with other dancers. Jordan Zivitz from the Montreal Gazette said that she found the performance to be \"challenging\". Previous to this the song was also used for promotional videos related to the tour's rehearsals and dancer interviews. The performance of \"Devil Pray\" at the March 19–20, 2016 shows in Sydney's Allphones Arena was recorded and released in Madonna's fifth live album, Rebel Heart Tour.\n Links: a. Idolator (website) b. Rosary c. Idolator (website) d. Sydney Super Dome", "neg": "Question: How old was Madonna when she released her second studio album? Passage:American entertainer Madonna has worked in twenty-six feature films (twenty-one as an actress), ten short films, three theatrical plays, ten television episodes, and appeared in sixteen commercials. at age 16, she auditioned in a high-school short movie called \"the egg\" where she played a teenage sunbather relaxing at a patio eating raw eggs. In 1979, she made her acting debut in the low-budget feature A Certain Sacrifice. Its commercial release in 1985 coincided with the success of her second studio album, Like a Virgin. That same year, she made a cameo appearance as a club singer in the film Vision Quest; she also garnered commercial and critical success for the title role in Susan Seidelman's Desperately Seeking Susan. Madonna followed it with a leading role in the adventure drama Shanghai Surprise (1986), with her then-husband, actor Sean Penn. The film was panned by critics, and Madonna received her first Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Actress. Her next films such as Who's That Girl (1987) and Bloodhounds of Broadway (1989) were critical and commercial failures. In 1986, she made her theatrical debut in David Rabe's Goose and Tom-Tom and her first commercial for Mitsubishi in Japan. She starred in the 1989 commercial for Pepsi-Cola alongside her song \"Like a Prayer\". Due to the controversy surrounding the song's music video, the commercial was revoked and her contract with Pepsi-Cola was cancelled.\n Links: a. David Rabe b. Like a Virgin (album) c. Madonna (entertainer) d. Madonna (entertainer)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}17{"query": "Question: What city is to the south of the location where Curtis was born? Passage:Curtis was born at Coddington, Herefordshire in 1872, the youngest of the four children of an Anglican rector. He was educated at Haileybury College and then at New College, Oxford, where he read law. He fought in the Second Boer War with the City Imperial Volunteers and served as secretary to Lord Milner (a position that had also been held by adventure-novelist John Buchan), during which time he dedicated himself to working for a united self-governing South Africa. Following Milner's death in 1925, he became the second leader of Milner's Kindergarten until his own death in 1955. His experience led him to conceptualize his version of a Federal World Government, which became his life work. In pursuit of this goal, he founded (1910) the quarterly Round Table. He was appointed (1912) Beit lecturer in colonial history at the University of Oxford, and a Fellow of All Souls College.\n Links: a. John Buchan b. Alfred Milner, 1st Viscount Milner c. Rector (ecclesiastical) d. Coddington, Herefordshire", "pos": "Question: What is the population of the town where Prideaux was born? Passage:The third son of Edmond Prideaux, he was born at Padstow, Cornwall, on 3 May 1648. His mother was a daughter of John Moyle. After education at Liskeard grammar school and Bodmin grammar school, he went to Westminster School under Richard Busby, recommended by his uncle William Morice. On 11 December 1668 he matriculated at Christ Church, Oxford, where he had obtained a studentship. He graduated B.A. 22 June 1672, M.A. 29 April 1675, B.D. 15 November 1682, D.D. 8 June 1686. In January 1674, Prideaux recorded in his letters a visit to his home of William Levett; with Levett came Lord Cornbury, son of the Earl of Clarendon, Levett's principal patron. In other letters, Prideaux mentioned alliances with Levett in ongoing church political maneuverings. At the university he was known for scholarship; John Fell employed him in 1672 on an edition of Florus. He also worked on Edmund Chilmead's edition of the chronicle of John Malalas.\n Links: a. John Moyle b. Richard Busby c. Edmund Chilmead d. Padstow", "neg": "Question: Which of the colleges was established first, the university where Curtis was appointed Beit lecturer in colonial history at or appointed a Fellow of? Passage:Curtis was born at Coddington, Herefordshire in 1872, the youngest of the four children of an Anglican rector. He was educated at Haileybury College and then at New College, Oxford, where he read law. He fought in the Second Boer War with the City Imperial Volunteers and served as secretary to Lord Milner (a position that had also been held by adventure-novelist John Buchan), during which time he dedicated himself to working for a united self-governing South Africa. Following Milner's death in 1925, he became the second leader of Milner's Kindergarten until his own death in 1955. His experience led him to conceptualize his version of a Federal World Government, which became his life work. In pursuit of this goal, he founded (1910) the quarterly Round Table. He was appointed (1912) Beit lecturer in colonial history at the University of Oxford, and a Fellow of All Souls College.\n Links: a. University of Oxford b. Rector (ecclesiastical) c. Second Boer War d. John Buchan", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}18{"query": "Question: When was the team founded that Gianni De Biasi started his professional career playing for? Passage:De Biasi, a midfielder, started his professional playing career for Inter Milan; he was part of the first team squad but, despite this, never played for the nerazzurri and was then loaned to Serie C team Reggiana in 1975 and newly promoted Serie A club Pescara Calcio one year later. He was sold to Brescia in 1977 as partial compensation for the signing of Evaristo Beccalossi by Inter. De Biasi played in Brescia for five seasons, only one of them in Serie A. He then moved to Palermo in 1983, but abruptly left it three years later following the cancellation of the Sicilian club in the summer of 1986. This was followed by a single season with Vicenza and two Serie C2 seasons for Treviso. De Biasi retired from active football in 1990, after a Serie D season with Bassano.\n Links: a. Brescia Calcio b. Inter Milan c. Inter Milan d. Evaristo Beccalossi", "pos": "Question: How long had Milan been established by the year that Nava returned there as a reserve in the first team's defense? Passage:He returned to Milan in 1990, where he was a reserve in the first team's defence, behind the legendary Maldini, Baresi, Costacurta, Tassotti back-line, which is regarded by many as the sport as one of the greatest difensive line-ups of all time. He made his Milan debut on 5 September 1990, in a 1–0 home Coppa Italia victory over Triestina, as Milan went on to reach the final of the tournament. He made his Serie A debut with the club on 3 March 1991, in a 4–1 home win over Napoli. In his four non-consecutive seasons with Milan (1990–91 under Arrigo Sacchi, and 1992–995 under Fabio Capello), Nava made a total of 47 appearances in all competitions, and 21 Serie A league appearances, scoring 1 goal, which came in Serie A. During his time at the club he won two Serie A titles, three Supercoppa Italiana titles, two UEFA Super Cups, an UEFA Champions League, and an Intercontinental Cup. He spent the 1991–92 season only loan with Parma, where he won the Coppa Italia. His final appearance with Milan was in a 5–0 away victory against Brescia, during the 1994–95 Serie A season, on 5 March 1995.\n Links: a. Serie A b. A.C. Milan c. Parma Calcio 1913 d. Supercoppa Italiana", "neg": "Question: How long had Reggiana been a team when De Biasi was loaned there? Passage:De Biasi, a midfielder, started his professional playing career for Inter Milan; he was part of the first team squad but, despite this, never played for the nerazzurri and was then loaned to Serie C team Reggiana in 1975 and newly promoted Serie A club Pescara Calcio one year later. He was sold to Brescia in 1977 as partial compensation for the signing of Evaristo Beccalossi by Inter. De Biasi played in Brescia for five seasons, only one of them in Serie A. He then moved to Palermo in 1983, but abruptly left it three years later following the cancellation of the Sicilian club in the summer of 1986. This was followed by a single season with Vicenza and two Serie C2 seasons for Treviso. De Biasi retired from active football in 1990, after a Serie D season with Bassano.\n Links: a. Bassano Virtus 55 S.T. b. Delfino Pescara 1936 c. Reggio Audace F.C. d. Brescia Calcio", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}19{"query": "Question: How many books has the author of the children's book that inspired the character of Princess Fiona written? Passage:Created by screenwriters Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio, Fiona is loosely based on the unsightly princess in William Steig's children's book Shrek!, from which her role and appearance were significantly modified. The screenwriters adapted the character into a princess under a shapeshifting enchantment, an idea that was initially greatly contested by other filmmakers. Fiona is voiced by actress Cameron Diaz. Comedian and actress Janeane Garofalo was originally cast as the character until she was fired from the first film with little explanation, although it is believed that the producers found Garofalo's sarcastic approach to the princess unsuitable after Shrek's original voice actor died. Fiona was one of the first human characters to have a lead role in a computer-animated film, thus the animators aspired to make her both beautiful and realistic in appearance. However, an early test screening resulted in children reacting negatively towards the character's uncanny realism, prompting the animators to re-design Fiona into a more stylized, cartoonish heroine.\n Links: a. Computer animation b. Cameron Diaz c. William Steig d. William Steig", "pos": "Question: What is the age difference between the actress who voiced Fiona and the actress originally cast to voice the role, but was fired? Passage:Created by screenwriters Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio, Fiona is loosely based on the unsightly princess in William Steig's children's book Shrek!, from which her role and appearance were significantly modified. The screenwriters adapted the character into a princess under a shapeshifting enchantment, an idea that was initially greatly contested by other filmmakers. Fiona is voiced by actress Cameron Diaz. Comedian and actress Janeane Garofalo was originally cast as the character until she was fired from the first film with little explanation, although it is believed that the producers found Garofalo's sarcastic approach to the princess unsuitable after Shrek's original voice actor died. Fiona was one of the first human characters to have a lead role in a computer-animated film, thus the animators aspired to make her both beautiful and realistic in appearance. However, an early test screening resulted in children reacting negatively towards the character's uncanny realism, prompting the animators to re-design Fiona into a more stylized, cartoonish heroine.\n Links: a. Shapeshifting b. Computer animation c. Cameron Diaz d. William Steig", "neg": "Question: How many other books has the author of The Queen's Fool written? Passage:The Queen's Fool by Philippa Gregory is a 2004 historical fiction novel. Set between 1548 and 1558, it is part of Philippa Gregory's Tudor series. The series includes The Boleyn Inheritance. The novel chronicles the changing fortunes of Mary I of England and her half-sister Elizabeth through the eyes of the fictional Hannah Green, a Marrano girl escaping to England from Spain where her mother was burned at the stake for being Jewish. Hannah is discovered by Robert Dudley and John Dee and subsequently begged as a fool to Edward VI. She witnesses and becomes caught up the intrigues of the young king's court, and later those of his sisters. As Mary, Elizabeth, and Robert Dudley use Hannah to gather information on their rivals and further their own aims, the novel can plausibly present each side in the complex story. The Queen's Fool follows Hannah from ages fourteen to nineteen, and her coming-of-age is interspersed among the historical narrative (see Bildungsroman). The book reached # 29 on the New York Times Best Seller list and had sold 165,000 copies within three weeks of its release.\n Links: a. Philippa Gregory b. Marrano c. Philippa Gregory d. Edward VI of England", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}20{"query": "Question: What politacal position did Stefan Stambolov hold? Passage:Mirche Atsev was born in 1859 in the village of Oreovec in the Prilep district, then part of the Ottoman Empire. He was named after his father, Mirche Atsev, who was a well-known voyvoda. He schooled himself in Prilep and then he worked as a shepherd. After Turks murdered his father, he joined the Hayduk's band of Kone Pavlov in 1885. Houever, in the next year, he was arrested and imprisoned in Solun. After having escaped from the prison, Atsev moved to Bulgaria. During his stay in Sofia, he was accused of involvement in the murder of Stefan Stambolov, as a result of which he was imprisoned for three years in the Black Mosque, (now Sveti Sedmochislenitsi Church). In Sofia, together with his brothers Petar and Georgi, he joined the revolutionary activity of the IMARO against the Turkish authorities. In 1899, Atsev entered with a revolutionary band into Ottomn Macedonia, in the region of Nevrokop. Later, he was a voyvoda in the region in Prilep. In 1901, on the way to the village of Ulanci, in the Tikveš region, his band was chased and crushed by a Turkish military detachment. Mirche Atsev died in this battle.\n Links: a. Ottoman Empire b. Stefan Stambolov c. Georgi Atsev d. Bulgaria", "pos": "Question: When was the school where Mustafa studied law founded? Passage:Golubić completed his primary education in Stolac, before relocating to Sarajevo to attend high school. In 1908, he moved to Belgrade for post-secondary studies, studying law at the University of Belgrade. Some of Golubić's classmates and contemporaries later recounted that Golubić was recruited by the Russian secret police, the Okhrana, in his youth. The historian Vladimir Dedijer later consulted the records of the Hoover Institution in an attempt to verify this claim, to no avail. Golubić did join Young Bosnia (), a multi-ethnic youth organization agitating for the separation of Bosnia and Herzegovina from Austria-Hungary. The organization's membership was around 70 percent Serb, 20 percent Bosnian Muslim and 10 percent Croat. Following the outbreak of the Balkan Wars in November 1912, Golubić joined the volunteer Chetnik detachment of Major Vojislav Tankosić. As part of their training, Tankosić ordered that Golubić and the other volunteers jump into the Sava from a railway bridge, \"just to see whether you are going to fulfill all my orders.\"\n Links: a. Secret police b. University of Belgrade c. Sava d. Hoover Institution", "neg": "Question: What degree did Mikhail Sumarokov-Elston earn from St. Petersburg University? Passage:Mikhail Sumarokov-Elston was born on in 1893 to Count Nicholai Felixovich Sumarokov-Elston reserve Lieutenant of the Cavalry Regiment and Countess Sofia Mikhaylovna Koskul. He was the great-great-great-great-grandson of poet Alexander Sumarokov and the Great Great Grandson of Field Marshal Mikhail Kutuzov. He was the nephew of tennis player Count Pavel Sumarokov-Elston, who was his first coach and doubles partner, grandson of Count-General Felix Sumarokov-Elston, Governor of Kuban Oblast, and cousin of the infamous Prince Felix Yussupov, who later became known as one of the collaborators who conspired to kill Grigori Rasputin, cult leader and mentor of Empress consort of Russia Alexandra. Felix provided his own palace for the murder spot and also shot Rasputin once before murdering him with the help of his accomplices. Mikhail had a sister called Elena and a brother Nicholas. At the age of twelve he had a surgery on his right hand, which as a result was rendered unsuitable for tennis and he later switched to left-hand play. First he moved to Dresden and was trained by Kurt Bergmann and George K. Logie. In 1906 he entered the second-class tournament of the Bad Homburg Championships, where he defeated Jack Hillyard amongst many to claim his first title. With this he set a record of being the youngest winner ever at the time in the history of the tournament. In 1908 his father and brother died within two weeks of each other. He moved back to his homeland and graduated first at the Annenschule then at the Law Faculty of the St. Petersburg University.\n Links: a. Jack Hillyard b. Felix Yusupov c. 1st Guards Cavalry Division (Russian Empire) d. Saint Petersburg State University", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}21{"query": "Question: When did the Bursa Grand Mosque open? Passage:Somuncu Baba is one of the virtuous men who came to Anadolu for spiritual conquest, he was also a descendant of Islamic prophet Muhammad After receiving an education in cities which are the center of knowledge like Şam, Tabriz, Erdebil, he settled in Bursa for his guidance and duty. He taught at the Bursa Grand Mosque where he was installed by Sultan Bayezid I after it was completed. For hiding his spiritual side, he baked bread and sold them so he was known as Somuncu Baba. He became known after he had translated the sura of Al-Fatiha, in seven different ways during the opening of Bursa Grand Mosque, in Bursa. He avoided becoming famous so he left Bursa and moved Aksaray. He left his son Yusuf Hakiki Baba in Aksaray and he went to Mecca with his son Halil Taybi when they got back to Anadolu they settled in Darende and he died here in 1412. His tomb is still in Darende.\n Links: a. Grand Mosque of Bursa b. Mecca c. Bursa d. Bursa", "pos": "Question: When did the sultan who installed Baba begin his rule? Passage:Somuncu Baba is one of the virtuous men who came to Anadolu for spiritual conquest, he was also a descendant of Islamic prophet Muhammad After receiving an education in cities which are the center of knowledge like Şam, Tabriz, Erdebil, he settled in Bursa for his guidance and duty. He taught at the Bursa Grand Mosque where he was installed by Sultan Bayezid I after it was completed. For hiding his spiritual side, he baked bread and sold them so he was known as Somuncu Baba. He became known after he had translated the sura of Al-Fatiha, in seven different ways during the opening of Bursa Grand Mosque, in Bursa. He avoided becoming famous so he left Bursa and moved Aksaray. He left his son Yusuf Hakiki Baba in Aksaray and he went to Mecca with his son Halil Taybi when they got back to Anadolu they settled in Darende and he died here in 1412. His tomb is still in Darende.\n Links: a. Bayezid I b. Damascus c. Darende d. Anatolia", "neg": "Question: What year did the revolt take place that was masterminded by someone that Maqrizi studied theology under? Passage:Al-Maqrīzī was born in Fatimid Cairo and spent most of his life in Egypt, When he presents himself in his books he usually stops at the 10th forefather although he confessed to some of his close friends that he can trace his ancestry to Al-Mu‘izz li-Dīn Allāh -first Fatimid caliph in Egypt and the founder of al-Qahirah- and even to Ali ibn Abi Talib. He was trained in the Hanafite school of law. Later, he switched to the Shafi'ite school and finally to the Zahirite school. Maqrizi studied theology under one of the primary masterminds behind the Zahiri Revolt, and his vocal support and sympathy with that revolt against the Mamluks likely cost him higher administrative and clerical positions with the Mamluk regime. The name Maqrizi was an attribution to a quarter of the city of Baalbek, from where his paternal grandparents hailed. Maqrizi confessed to his contemporaries that he believed that he was related to the Fatimids through the son of al-Muizz. Ibn Hajar preserves the most memorable account: his father, as they entered the al-Hakim Mosque one day, told him \"My son, you are entering the mosque of your ancestor.\" However, his father also instructed al-Maqrizi not to reveal this information to anyone he could not trust; Walker concludes:\n Links: a. Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani b. Al-Hakim Mosque c. Zahiri Revolt d. Zahiri Revolt", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}22{"query": "Question: Who was older the year that Arieli first began serving as Deputy Military Secretary to the Prime Minister and Minister of Defense, the Prime Minister or the Minister of Defense? Passage:Arieli was born in Ashkelon in 1959, the seventh and youngest son of parents from Iran. Arieli played in different teams in the handball Premier League. In 1978, he enlisted in the IDF, volunteered for the paratroopers, and was accepted into the brigade's \"Orev\" company, where he underwent a training course as a combat soldier, a course for infantry commanders and a course for infantry officers. At the end of the course he returned to the company as a platoon commander. He continued to serve in the brigade's commanding positions, among others as a company commander during the First Lebanon War, where he was also wounded, as commander of the paratroopers' \"Orev\" company, commander of a battalion at the paratroopers regiment's commander's course, commander of the paratroop brigade training base and deputy brigade commander. Arieli took part in a course for brigade commanders as commander of the northern brigade in Gaza, with the rank of colonel. Served as Deputy Military Secretary to the Prime Minister and Minister of Defense (1997-1999), and headed the Administration for the Interim Agreement in the West Bank and as Head of the Administration for the Permanent Status Agreement. In 2001, he retired from the IDF.\n Links: a. Israel Defense Forces b. Brigade c. Paratrooper d. Prime Minister of Israel", "pos": "Question: How many years was al-Faisal the Foreign Minister? Passage:The 19th annual Arab League summit reaffirmed the Arab Peace Initiative first adopted in 2002 (also known as the Beirut Declaration). Arab leaders at the summit urged Israel to accept this initiative. Saudi Foreign Minister Prince Saud al-Faisal said that the plan would have a strong chance of winning international support and of reviving Israeli–Arab peace talks if adopted unanimously by all Arab leaders. The plan, moreover, set up a mechanism to promote the peace plan that would pave the way for Arab countries with no ties to Israel, including Saudi Arabia, to open channels of communications with the Jewish state—a longtime goal for various presidential administrations in the United States. The peace initiative, as Middle Eastern scholars explain, was considered a \"great leap from historical resolutions of 1964 and 1967, which had vowed to destroy Israel.\" Under the plan, Arab nations would recognize Israel if Israel withdrew from land it occupied in the 1967 Arab-Israeli war. Moreover, the plan allows for the creation of a Palestinian state—with its capital in East Jerusalem—and the return of Palestinian refugees based on United Nations General Assembly Resolution 194. The final draft of the plan, moreover, avoided mentioning the phrase \"right of return\", which has been a point of contention in all previous peace talks; instead it called for a \"just solution to the Palestinian refugee problem.\"\n Links: a. State of Palestine b. East Jerusalem c. Israel d. Saud bin Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud", "neg": "Question: In what year was the military organization founded that Dagan was conscripted into in 1963? Passage:Dagan was conscripted into the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) in 1963. He was considered for the elite Sayeret Matkal unit, but ended up joining the Paratroopers Brigade. He completed his compulsory service in 1966, but was called up as a reservist in 1967, and fought in the Six-Day War as an officer, commanding a paratrooper platoon on the Sinai front. In the early 1970s, he commanded an ad hoc undercover commando unit, known as Sayeret Rimon, whose task was to combat the increasing violence in the Palestinian territories. In 1971, he received a Medal of Courage for tackling a wanted terrorist who was holding a live grenade. Dagan later fought in the 1973 Yom Kippur War as an officer on the Sinai front, and participated in the crossing of the Suez Canal. During the 1982 Lebanon War, he commanded the Barak Armored Brigade, and was one of the first brigade commanders to enter Beirut. In the 1990s, he held a series of high-level positions in the IDF command, eventually reaching the rank of Major General before retiring from the army in 1995, after 32 years of service.\n Links: a. Yom Kippur War b. Yom Kippur War c. Israel Defense Forces d. 1982 Lebanon War", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}23{"query": "Question: How many Super Bowls have the Saints won? Passage:The New Orleans Saints are a professional American football team based in New Orleans, Louisiana. They are a member of the South Division of the National Football Conference (NFC) in the National Football League (NFL). The NFL awarded the city of New Orleans the 16th franchise in the league in November 1, 1966, All Saints Day, five months after the 89th United States Congress approved the merger of the NFL with the American Football League (AFL) in June of that year. In January 1967, the team was given the current \"New Orleans Saints\" name, and began playing in their first season in September of that year. Since the franchise's creation, it has been based in New Orleans. The team's home games were originally played at Tulane Stadium from 1967 to 1974, it was demolished in 1979, when the team relocated its home games to its current stadium, the Mercedes-Benz Superdome (formerly Louisiana Superdome from 1975 to 2011).\n Links: a. New Orleans Saints b. National Football Conference c. 89th United States Congress d. New Orleans", "pos": "Question: How many Super Bowls did the team the Cardinals beat to make their first appearance in the Super Bowl win? Passage:The 2008 Arizona Cardinals season was the 89th season for the team in the National Football League and their 21st season in Arizona. The season marked the Cardinals' first Super Bowl appearance, coming as a result of their victory against the Philadelphia Eagles in the NFC Championship. The Cardinals slogan for the season was \"Shock The World!\" Riding the back of quarterback Kurt Warner, who had gone from being a backup for the St. Louis Rams in 1999 to leading the Greatest Show on Turf to a Super Bowl XXXIV victory, and franchise wide receiver Larry Fitzgerald, the Cardinals went on a playoff run for the ages after having won just one playoff game in the last sixty years, as Warner once again recreated the magic he had captured with the Rams. (Coincidentally, both teams were based in St Louis at one point or another, only to relocate to different cities.)\n Links: a. 2008 Philadelphia Eagles season b. Arizona Cardinals c. National Football League d. Kurt Warner", "neg": "Question: How many championships has the team won that beat the Bears during the 1985 season? Passage:The Bears won fifteen games, as the 49ers had the year before, and won their first twelve before losing to the Miami Dolphins to deny a perfect season. The Bears' defense was ranked first in the league and only allowed 198 total points (an average of 12.4 points per game). The Bears won the NFC Central Division by seven games over the second place Green Bay Packers and earned the NFC's top seed and home field advantage throughout the playoffs at Soldier Field. In their two playoff games against the New York Giants and Los Angeles Rams, the Bears outscored their opponents 45–0 and became the first team to record back-to-back playoff shutouts. Then, in Super Bowl XX in New Orleans against the New England Patriots, the Bears set several more records. First, their 46 points broke the record that had been set by the Los Angeles Raiders in 1984 with 38 and tied by the 49ers the following year. Their 36-point margin of victory topped the 29-point margin of victory that the Raiders had put up in Super Bowl XVIII and stood as a record until the 49ers won Super Bowl XXIV, also in New Orleans, by 45 points over the Denver Broncos. It was the Bears' first NFL World Championship title since 1963.\n Links: a. 1985 Green Bay Packers season b. 1985 Miami Dolphins season c. 1985 Green Bay Packers season d. Perfect season", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}24{"query": "Question: How many people live in the city that Taube was born? Passage:Taube was born in New York City in 1939 to Count Arvid E. Taube and Alice N. Taube. After attending Kent School, he enrolled at Princeton University, from which he graduated in 1961 with a B.A. in sociology. He went on to receive a doctorate in sociology from American University in 1983. He began working at the National Institute of Mental Health in 1961 as a statistician, and continued to work there until 1987, eventually becoming director of their Division of Biometry and Applied Sciences. He also began a mental health economics program at the NIMH and started their \"Mental Health, United States\" series, a regularly published report cataloging mental health statistics in the United States. In 1980, he was awarded the Administrators Award for Meritorious Achievement from the Alcohol Drug Abuse and Mental Health Agency. In 1987, he became a professor in the Department of Mental Hygiene at the Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, where he continued to teach until his death. On September 28, 1989, he died of congestive heart failure at the Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland. In 1990, the American Public Health Association established the Carl Taube Award for Lifetime Contribution to the Field of Mental Health in honor of his work.\n Links: a. Johns Hopkins Hospital b. New York City c. National Institute of Mental Health d. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health", "pos": "Question: Which is the biggest school that Taube attendend? Passage:Taube was born in New York City in 1939 to Count Arvid E. Taube and Alice N. Taube. After attending Kent School, he enrolled at Princeton University, from which he graduated in 1961 with a B.A. in sociology. He went on to receive a doctorate in sociology from American University in 1983. He began working at the National Institute of Mental Health in 1961 as a statistician, and continued to work there until 1987, eventually becoming director of their Division of Biometry and Applied Sciences. He also began a mental health economics program at the NIMH and started their \"Mental Health, United States\" series, a regularly published report cataloging mental health statistics in the United States. In 1980, he was awarded the Administrators Award for Meritorious Achievement from the Alcohol Drug Abuse and Mental Health Agency. In 1987, he became a professor in the Department of Mental Hygiene at the Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, where he continued to teach until his death. On September 28, 1989, he died of congestive heart failure at the Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland. In 1990, the American Public Health Association established the Carl Taube Award for Lifetime Contribution to the Field of Mental Health in honor of his work.\n Links: a. National Institute of Mental Health b. Kent School c. American Public Health Association d. Johns Hopkins Hospital", "neg": "Question: How many students graduated alongside him the year Organski earned his Ph.D from New York University? Passage:A.F.K. Organski was born in Rome, Italy. As a youth, he attended the Ginnasio Liceo Torquato Tasso. He went to the United States fleeing the anti-Jewish laws of the Benito Mussolini regime and later served with the American armed forces in the Pacific theater from 1943 to 1945. After World War II, he settled in New York City, where he became an American citizen in 1944 and earned his B.A. (1947), M.A. (1948), and Ph.D. (1951) degrees from New York University. In 1952 he started teaching at the Brooklyn College, moving in 1964 to the University of Michigan, where he became professor of political science and senior research scientist in the Institute for Social Research. He co-founded Decision Insights, a consulting firm focused on introducing scientific rigor to the execution of policy and decision making in government and business.\n Links: a. World War II b. Italy c. Pacific War d. New York University", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}25{"query": "Question: When was Jive Records founded? Passage:Initially, Nick Carter, aged 14 at the time, was unable to sing on the recording of the song as he was undergoing puberty. The remaining band members were brought over to Stockholm for a week to record \"We've Got It Goin' On\" in late December 1994. They unexpectedly finished the song in just two days and decided to record \"Quit Playing Games (with My Heart)\" immediately afterwards. The single was not the label's first choice to release for the group's US return, as they initially wanted to release the Mutt Lange-produced \"If You Want It to Be Good Girl (Get Yourself a Bad Boy)\", but the band argued against it, claiming that it was one of their worst songs. Jive president Barry Weiss claimed that the other serious contenders included \"Anywhere for You\" and \"All I Have to Give\". The group also wanted to reshoot the music video, but the label refused, arguing that they only planned to market towards radio, not video. The song ultimately succeeded without MTV support. The background vocals in the song, besides McLean's self-harmonization on the bridge, consisted of Brian Littrell and Kevin Richardson, who decided to finish the song while the remaining members were having lunch.\n Links: a. Jive Records b. Anywhere for You (Backstreet Boys song) c. Brian Littrell d. Jive Records", "pos": "Question: Who was older when the song was produced? Passage:Initially, Nick Carter, aged 14 at the time, was unable to sing on the recording of the song as he was undergoing puberty. The remaining band members were brought over to Stockholm for a week to record \"We've Got It Goin' On\" in late December 1994. They unexpectedly finished the song in just two days and decided to record \"Quit Playing Games (with My Heart)\" immediately afterwards. The single was not the label's first choice to release for the group's US return, as they initially wanted to release the Mutt Lange-produced \"If You Want It to Be Good Girl (Get Yourself a Bad Boy)\", but the band argued against it, claiming that it was one of their worst songs. Jive president Barry Weiss claimed that the other serious contenders included \"Anywhere for You\" and \"All I Have to Give\". The group also wanted to reshoot the music video, but the label refused, arguing that they only planned to market towards radio, not video. The song ultimately succeeded without MTV support. The background vocals in the song, besides McLean's self-harmonization on the bridge, consisted of Brian Littrell and Kevin Richardson, who decided to finish the song while the remaining members were having lunch.\n Links: a. Kevin Richardson (musician) b. Barry Weiss c. Brian Littrell d. Bridge (music)", "neg": "Question: When was the country and western label based in Chicago formed? Passage:Black Jazz Records was a jazz record company and label founded in Oakland, California by pianist Gene Russell (December 2, 1932 - May 3, 1981) and percussionist Dick Schory. The label was created to promote the talents of young African American jazz musicians and singers, and released twenty albums between 1971 and 1975. Some of the more notable artists to record for Black Jazz Records were Cleveland Eaton, former bassist for Count Basie and Ramsey Lewis, and organist/pianist Doug Carn, whose four albums were the most successful of any Black Jazz artist. Carn's wife at the time, Jean Carn, sang on his albums; she changed her name to Jean Carne and went on to have a successful solo career as an R & B singer. Singer Kellee Patterson gained notoriety as the first black Miss Indiana in 1971, before recording her debut album, Maiden Voyage, with Black Jazz Records in 1973. The label was distributed and financed by Ovation Records, a country and western label based in Chicago, which was also founded by Schory. Black Jazz Records was considered at the time to be the first jazz label started by an African American since brothers John and Reb Spikes started Sunshine Records in 1921.\n Links: a. Gene Russell b. Ovation Records c. Country music d. Ramsey Lewis", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}26{"query": "Question: What was Daniel Coit Gilman president of? Passage:In his will Johns Hopkins (1795-1873) left his summer home and estate, Clifton, then northeast of Baltimore, off the Harford Road, to the university for its new campus along with $7 million, split between the university and a hospital, also named for him. One of his provisions was that only interest obtained from his stock in the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad could be used to build facilities for the university. Unfortunately, after Johns Hopkins' death, the B&O Railroad fell into mismanagement; its eventual financial collapse was hastened by the Financial Panic and Recession of 1893 and the stock's value declined drastically. Therefore, the original campus of the university was established by first President Daniel Coit Gilman in downtown Baltimore along North Howard Street, between West Center, Little Ross, and West Monument Streets on the west side of the Mount Vernon-Belvedere neighborhood, where buildings were already available. However, this location did not permit room for growth and soon the trustees began to look for a place to move. Eventually, Hopkins would relocate to the former Homewood House and Estate of Charles Carroll, Jr. (son of Charles Carroll of Carrollton, 1737-1832) built 1801-1803, and the later Wyman Villa estate of JHU Board member William Wyman, built in the 1880s. Here JHU created the park-like main campus of Hopkins Homewood, set on 140 acres (0.57 km²) in what today lies between the north Baltimore neighborhoods of Charles Village (begun in the 1870s, and then known as Peabody Heights) to the east, the planned suburban-style communities of Guilford (established 1913) and Roland Park (established early 1890s) to the north, and to the west, the mill towns of Hampden-Woodberry along the Jones Falls stream valleys and tributary Stony Run through Wyman Park and the Wyman Park Dell.\n Links: a. Roland Park, Baltimore b. Panic of 1893 c. Guilford, Baltimore d. Daniel Coit Gilman", "pos": "Question: Which of the universities that Gallagher attended was founded first? Passage:Gallagher was born in New Haven, Connecticut, and moved with his mother and four siblings to the Tenleytown neighborhood of Washington, D.C., in the 1920s. He graduated from George Washington University and the Columbus School of Law at the Catholic University of America. Before and after World War II he worked at the United States Department of Justice Criminal Division, serving in the United States Army during the war. In 1952, Gallagher became general counsel of the Subversive Activities Control Board. He entered private practice in 1959 and worked as an advance man for the presidential campaigns of John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson. In 1967, President Johnson nominated him for the D.C. Court of Appeals, and in 1968 he was confirmed.\n Links: a. Tenleytown b. New Haven, Connecticut c. Washington, D.C. d. George Washington University", "neg": "Question: Did the person who donated money for a hall live longer than the person who designed the campus? Passage:Consequently, in 1870, it moved to a (then greenfield) site on Gilmorehill in the West End of the city, around three miles (5 km) west of its previous location, enclosed by a large meander of the River Kelvin. The original site on the High Street was sold to the City of Glasgow Union Railway and replaced by the College goods yard. The new-build campus was designed by Sir George Gilbert Scott in the Gothic revival style. The largest of these buildings echoed, on a far grander scale, the original High Street campus's twin-quadrangle layout, and may have been inspired by Ypres' late medieval cloth hall; Gilmorehill in turn inspired the design of the Clocktower complex of buildings for the new University of Otago in New Zealand. In 1879, Gilbert Scott's son, Oldrid, completed this original vision by building an open undercroft forming two quadrangles, above which is his grand Bute Hall (used for examinations and graduation ceremonies), named after its donor, John Crichton-Stuart, 3rd Marquess of Bute. Oldrid also later added a spire to the building's signature gothic bell tower in 1887, bringing it to a total height of some . The local Bishopbriggs blond sandstone cladding and Gothic design of the building's exterior belie the modernity of its Victorian construction; Scott's building is structured upon what was then a cutting-edge riveted iron frame construction, supporting a lightweight wooden-beam roof. The building also forms the second-largest example of Gothic revival architecture in Britain, after the Palace of Westminster. An illustration of the Main Building currently features on the reverse side of the current series of £100 notes issued by the Clydesdale Bank.\n Links: a. Clydesdale Bank b. George Gilbert Scott c. George Gilbert Scott d. George Gilbert Scott", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}27{"query": "Question: How long had the duke of Normandy held that title when he commenced invading England? Passage:In the 11th century, Errand of Harcourt and his three brothers followed William the Conqueror, duke of Normandy, on the Norman invasion of England, and the brothers were installed with English lands. The English Harcourt branch entered the English peerage, as barons then viscounts then earls. At first the Harcourts had lands in Leicestershire, but in 1191 Robert de Harcourt of Bosworth inherited lands of his father-in-law at Stanton in Oxfordshire, which then became known as Stanton Harcourt. The manor of Stanton Harcourt has remained in the Harcourt family to the present day, although from 1756 to 1948 their main residence was at Nuneham House, also in Oxfordshire. Simon Harcourt was created Baron Harcourt in 1711 and Viscount Harcourt in 1721. The third viscount was created Earl Harcourt in 1749, but all titles were extinguished with the death of marshal William Harcourt, 3rd Earl Harcourt, in 1830. His cousin Edward Vernon, Archbishop of York, thus inherited the majority of that branch's lands and titles and took the name and heraldic shield of the English Harcourt family by royal authorisation on 15 January 1831. This created the Vernon-Harcourt branch, descended from a Harcourt woman. The title Viscount Harcourt was created a second time in 1917 for Lewis Harcourt, but the title was again extinguished on the death of his son.\n Links: a. William the Conqueror b. Leicestershire c. Stanton Harcourt d. Viscount Harcourt", "pos": "Question: Was the main residence of the Harcourts, located in Oxfordshire, inhabited by anyone before the Harcourts? Passage:In the 11th century, Errand of Harcourt and his three brothers followed William the Conqueror, duke of Normandy, on the Norman invasion of England, and the brothers were installed with English lands. The English Harcourt branch entered the English peerage, as barons then viscounts then earls. At first the Harcourts had lands in Leicestershire, but in 1191 Robert de Harcourt of Bosworth inherited lands of his father-in-law at Stanton in Oxfordshire, which then became known as Stanton Harcourt. The manor of Stanton Harcourt has remained in the Harcourt family to the present day, although from 1756 to 1948 their main residence was at Nuneham House, also in Oxfordshire. Simon Harcourt was created Baron Harcourt in 1711 and Viscount Harcourt in 1721. The third viscount was created Earl Harcourt in 1749, but all titles were extinguished with the death of marshal William Harcourt, 3rd Earl Harcourt, in 1830. His cousin Edward Vernon, Archbishop of York, thus inherited the majority of that branch's lands and titles and took the name and heraldic shield of the English Harcourt family by royal authorisation on 15 January 1831. This created the Vernon-Harcourt branch, descended from a Harcourt woman. The title Viscount Harcourt was created a second time in 1917 for Lewis Harcourt, but the title was again extinguished on the death of his son.\n Links: a. Nuneham House b. William the Conqueror c. William the Conqueror d. Nuneham House", "neg": "Question: How long was the reign of the person who claimed all the land of England at the Norman conquest of England? Passage:At the Norman conquest of England, all the land of England was claimed as the personal possession of William the Conqueror under allodial title. The monarch thus became the sole \"owner\" of all the land in the kingdom, a position which persists to the present day. He then granted it out to his favoured followers, who thereby became tenants-in-chief, under various contracts of feudal land tenure. Such tenures, even the highest one of \"feudal barony\", never conferred ownership of land but merely ownership of rights over it, that is to say ownership of an estate in land. Such persons are therefore correctly termed \"land-holders\" or \"tenants\" (from Latin teneo to hold), not owners. If held freely, that is to say by freehold, such holdings were heritable by the holder's legal heir. On the payment of a premium termed feudal relief to the treasury, such heir was entitled to demand re-enfeoffment by the king with the fee concerned.\n Links: a. Allodial title b. Freehold (law) c. William the Conqueror d. Estate in land", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}28{"query": "Question: How many teams did the goaltender that Jeff Hackett replaced play for? Passage:Free-agent goaltender Jeff Hackett was signed from the Boston Bruins to replace Roman Cechmanek and challenge backup Robert Esche for the number one spot in 2003–04, but Hackett was forced to retire in February due to vertigo. During the course of the season, serious injuries suffered by both Jeremy Roenick (broken jaw) and Keith Primeau (concussion) in February forced the Flyers to trade for the Chicago Blackhawks' Alexei Zhamnov, who filled in well and kept the Flyers afloat. Esche entrenched himself as starter and remained in that position even after the Flyers re-acquired Sean Burke from the Phoenix Coyotes, as the Flyers clinched the Atlantic Division title over the New Jersey Devils on the last day of the season.\n Links: a. Alexei Zhamnov b. Arizona Coyotes c. Roman Čechmánek d. 2003–04 NHL season", "pos": "Question: How many championships did the team for which  Alexei Zhamnov played for prior to being traded to Philadelphia win? Passage:Free-agent goaltender Jeff Hackett was signed from the Boston Bruins to replace Roman Cechmanek and challenge backup Robert Esche for the number one spot in 2003–04, but Hackett was forced to retire in February due to vertigo. During the course of the season, serious injuries suffered by both Jeremy Roenick (broken jaw) and Keith Primeau (concussion) in February forced the Flyers to trade for the Chicago Blackhawks' Alexei Zhamnov, who filled in well and kept the Flyers afloat. Esche entrenched himself as starter and remained in that position even after the Flyers re-acquired Sean Burke from the Phoenix Coyotes, as the Flyers clinched the Atlantic Division title over the New Jersey Devils on the last day of the season.\n Links: a. Sean Burke b. Boston Bruins c. Chicago Blackhawks d. Chicago Blackhawks", "neg": "Question: What were the names of the other 11 teams the player who holds the record for the most teams played for? Passage:Thirty-five of the listed players have played for only one franchise. Four of those players played exclusively for the Montreal Canadiens and five played for the Detroit Red Wings, those teams having the most such players. The record for most teams played for by a player who has competed in over 1,000 games is held by Mike Sillinger, who played for 12 teams in his career; Sillinger played his 1,000th game with his 12th and final NHL team, the New York Islanders. Patrick Roy, Martin Brodeur and Roberto Luongo are the only goaltenders with at least 1,000 games played. Roy spent his career with the Montreal Canadiens and the Colorado Avalanche while Brodeur played for the New Jersey Devils and his final seven games with the St. Louis Blues. Luongo played for the New York Islanders, Florida Panthers and Vancouver Canucks in his career. The first goaltender was Patrick Roy, playing in his 1000th game in the 2002–03 season.\n Links: a. Colorado Avalanche b. Colorado Avalanche c. Florida Panthers d. Mike Sillinger", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}29{"query": "Question: Which university is older between the one Zaragoza earned his Ph.D. and the one he was made honorary president? Passage:Federico Mayor Zaragoza obtained a Ph.D. in pharmacy from the Complutense University of Madrid in 1958. In 1963 he became professor of biochemistry at the School of Pharmacy of the University of Granada, and in 1968 was elected rector of that university, a post he held until 1972. The following year he was appointed professor in biochemistry at the Autonomous University of Madrid. In 1974 he co-founded the Severo Ochoa Molecular Biology Centre at the Autonomous University of Madrid and the Spanish High Council for Scientific Research. The main focus of Professor Mayor's scientific research has been on molecular brain disease, and he was responsible for drawing up the Spanish National Plan for Mental Health Prevention. He is a member of the Club of Rome, the Club of Budapest, a founder member of the Issyk-Kul Forum. In 2005 he received the Prize Creu de Sant Jordi from the Generalitat de Catalunya. He is an honorary member of several scientific societies and a member of several academies, among them, the World Academy of Art and Science. He has also received several honorary doctorates (Honoris Causa). He is honorary president of the University of Granada.\n Links: a. Complutense University of Madrid b. Generalitat de Catalunya c. Creu de Sant Jordi d. World Academy of Art and Science", "pos": "Question: How many people received the award given by the Generalitat de Catalunya before Zaragoza? Passage:Federico Mayor Zaragoza obtained a Ph.D. in pharmacy from the Complutense University of Madrid in 1958. In 1963 he became professor of biochemistry at the School of Pharmacy of the University of Granada, and in 1968 was elected rector of that university, a post he held until 1972. The following year he was appointed professor in biochemistry at the Autonomous University of Madrid. In 1974 he co-founded the Severo Ochoa Molecular Biology Centre at the Autonomous University of Madrid and the Spanish High Council for Scientific Research. The main focus of Professor Mayor's scientific research has been on molecular brain disease, and he was responsible for drawing up the Spanish National Plan for Mental Health Prevention. He is a member of the Club of Rome, the Club of Budapest, a founder member of the Issyk-Kul Forum. In 2005 he received the Prize Creu de Sant Jordi from the Generalitat de Catalunya. He is an honorary member of several scientific societies and a member of several academies, among them, the World Academy of Art and Science. He has also received several honorary doctorates (Honoris Causa). He is honorary president of the University of Granada.\n Links: a. Creu de Sant Jordi b. Spanish National Research Council c. University of Granada d. Spanish National Research Council", "neg": "Question: Of the two universities that Morrey attended, which is older? Passage:Morrey graduated from Ohio State University with a B.A. in 1927 and a M.A. in 1928, and then studied at Harvard University under the supervision of George Birkhoff, obtaining a Ph.D. in 1931 with a thesis entitled Invariant functions of Conservative Surface Transformations. After being awarded his Ph.D, he was a National Research Council Fellow at Princeton, at the Rice Institute and finally at the University of Chicago. He became a professor of mathematics at UC Berkeley in 1933, hired by Griffith Conrad Evans, and was a faculty member until his retirement in 1973. In Berkeley, he was early given several administrative duties, for example being the Chairman of the Department of Mathematics during the period 1949–1954, and being the Acting Chairman, the Vice Chairman and the Director of the Institute of Pure and Applied Mathematics at various times. During the years 1937–1938 and 1954–1955 he was a member of the Institute for Advanced Studies: he was also Visiting Assistant Professor at Northwestern University, Visiting Professor at the University of Chicago and Miller Research Professor at Berkeley. During World War II he was employed as a mathematician at the U.S. Ballistic Research Laboratory in Maryland.\n Links: a. Chairperson b. University of Chicago c. Doctor of Philosophy d. Ohio State University", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}30{"query": "Question: Which show has Ruben on first? Passage:Ruben is known for hosting the show Outrageous Acts of Science on the Science Channel, known outside the United States as You Have Been Warned and Loco Lab. He has also been seen and heard on the Food Network's Food Detectives, the Science Channel's Head Rush, the Weather Channel's Weather Gone Viral, the Travel Channel's Mysteries at the Kremlin, Discovery International's Superhuman Science, the Science Channel's How Do They Do It?, the documentary Mortified Nation, and NPR's All Things Considered and The Moth Radio Hour. He is the author of Surviving Your Stupid, Stupid Decision to Go to Grad School (Random House, 2010), a satirical guide to post-baccalaureate education, and Pinball Wizards: Jackpots, Drains, and the Cult of the Silver Ball (Chicago Review Press, 2017), a narrative nonfiction book about the past, present, and future of pinball. Ruben is also known for writing the monthly science humor column \"Experimental Error\" in the AAAS journal Science Careers. Ruben frequently gives keynote lectures and performances about science, education, career-related topics, comedy, science communication, public perception of science, and performs his one-man show about bullying, Please Don't Beat Me Up: Stories and Artifacts from Adolescence.\n Links: a. Outrageous Acts of Science b. Outrageous Acts of Science c. Discovery Channel d. How Do They Do It?", "pos": "Question: Who directed the TV show that he had guest starring roles on? Passage:J.B. Adams (born September 29, 1954) is an American character stage and film actor, director, and singer. He has credits in film, television and, most notably, musical theatre. Originally from Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, he attended Oklahoma City University, where he studied voice, piano, opera, and musical theatre, after which he became a New York-based Broadway actor. He is perhaps best known for his roles in the Broadway productions of Beauty and the Beast (as Maurice, the father), Annie (as Rooster/Drake/Bert Healy/FDR), Parade (as Luther Rosser), Me And My Girl (as Sir Jasper), Chitty Chitty Bang Bang (as Grandpa Potts), and Elf: The Musical (as Santa). He played the role of Morris Farnsworth in the film Far From Heaven, as well as originating the same role in the Off-Broadway musical adaptation (2013). On TV and the web, he has played Santa for Verizon FiOS and has had guest starring roles on  and The Michael J. Fox Show.\n Links: a. The Michael J. Fox Show b. The Michael J. Fox Show c. Annie (musical) d. Annie (musical)", "neg": "Question: Of the television shows that Basche had a role in, which had the most seasons? Passage:His first major exposure was starring in Oh Grow Up, a short-lived sitcom created by Alan Ball. He later played the role of Steven Keats for two seasons in the NBC sitcom Three Sisters. He appeared in the 2005 motion picture War of the Worlds in the role of Tim, the stepfather of Dakota Fanning and Justin Chatwin's characters. In 2006 he played Todd Beamer in United 93. David landed the lead role in 2007's I'll Believe You, a family-friendly sci-fi comedy. In 2008 he was \"Mike Harness\" in Lipstick Jungle on NBC for two seasons, and simultaneously played \"Kenny Kagan\" on The Starter Wife on USA. In 2010 he guest starred on , White Collar,  and The Mentalist. He appeared in the film Sex and The City 2 as a guest at the wedding. Basche had a small role in the 2017 mystery film The Vanishing of Sidney Hall.\n Links: a. White Collar (TV series) b. Alan Ball (screenwriter) c. War of the Worlds (2005 film) d. Oh, Grow Up", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}31{"query": "Question: Were there more teams in the women's league that ran from 2001-2003 or its successor? Passage:The first women's professional soccer league in the U.S. formed after the success of the 1999 Women's World Cup. The Women's United Soccer Association (WUSA) ran from 2001–2003 and featured many of the World Cup stars, including Mia Hamm, Michelle Akers and Brandi Chastain. Its successor Women's Professional Soccer (WPS) ran from 2009–2012. Currently, the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL) is the top professional league in the country and was formed in 2012. The NWSL season runs from spring to early fall (typically April – October). In 2017, A&E Networks bought an equity stake in the league and broadcasts a game of the week on Lifetime, and formerly streamed all games online via the go90 platform. During the 2018 season, the NWSL moved some of the games originally scheduled to air on Lifetime to evening slots on ESPNews (both channels being part of the Disney family), and when go90 owner Verizon shut down that platform at the end of July, the NWSL streamed the games that were intended for go90 on its own website.\n Links: a. Verizon Communications b. Michelle Akers c. Women's United Soccer Association d. Lifetime (TV network)", "pos": "Question: The years that Hope Solo played in the Women's Professional Soccer, which team that she played for had the best record while she was on their team? Passage:Hope Amelia Solo (born July 30, 1981) is an American former soccer goalkeeper. She was a goalkeeper for the United States women's national soccer team from 2000 to 2016, and is a World Cup champion and two-time Olympic gold medalist. After playing at the collegiate level for the University of Washington, she played professionally for the Philadelphia Charge in the Women's United Soccer Association (WUSA). When the WUSA folded after her first season, she traveled to Europe to play for the top division leagues in Sweden and France. From 2009 to 2011, she played in the Women's Professional Soccer (WPS) for Saint Louis Athletica, Atlanta Beat and magicJack. After the WPS ceased operations in early 2012, she played for the Seattle Sounders in the W-League. She most recently played for Seattle Reign FC in the National Women's Soccer League, the top division of women's soccer in the United States.\n Links: a. Reign FC b. Philadelphia Charge c. Saint Louis Athletica d. National Women's Soccer League", "neg": "Question: How many teams were a part of the league that ran from 2001-2003 and featured many World Cup stars? Passage:The first women's professional soccer league in the U.S. formed after the success of the 1999 Women's World Cup. The Women's United Soccer Association (WUSA) ran from 2001–2003 and featured many of the World Cup stars, including Mia Hamm, Michelle Akers and Brandi Chastain. Its successor Women's Professional Soccer (WPS) ran from 2009–2012. Currently, the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL) is the top professional league in the country and was formed in 2012. The NWSL season runs from spring to early fall (typically April – October). In 2017, A&E Networks bought an equity stake in the league and broadcasts a game of the week on Lifetime, and formerly streamed all games online via the go90 platform. During the 2018 season, the NWSL moved some of the games originally scheduled to air on Lifetime to evening slots on ESPNews (both channels being part of the Disney family), and when go90 owner Verizon shut down that platform at the end of July, the NWSL streamed the games that were intended for go90 on its own website.\n Links: a. Women's United Soccer Association b. National Women's Soccer League c. Go90 d. Verizon Communications", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}32{"query": "Question: Who eventually won the 2008 tournament where Safin lost in the quarterfinals? Passage:Safin's next tournament was in Valencia. He defeated No. 20-ranked and fourth seed Juan Carlos Ferrero. In spite of the fact that Ferrero is from the Valencia region, Safin was the more popular player, having been based in Valencia for many years and being a well-known Valencia CF fan. – local player Ferrero controversially favouring Real Madrid. He played Dutch teenager Robin Haase in the next round. He won the first set and was up 4–2 in the second set. However, Haase broke back to take it to a tiebreak. Safin had four match points, including one on his serve, but lost the tiebreak, and eventually the match. In the Monte Carlo Masters, Safin defeated Xavier Malisse, but then lost to No. 5 David Ferrer. He then entered the 2008 BMW Open in Munich, Germany, where he beat Carlos Berlocq in the first round. In the second round, he edged out Michael Berrer, but lost to Fernando González in his first quarterfinal of the year, and the first since June 2007 at the Legg Mason Tennis Classic in Washington, D.C. Safin entered the 2008 French Open but was eliminated in the second round by countryman and fourth seed Nikolay Davydenko, in straight sets.\n Links: a. 2008 BMW Open b. David Ferrer c. Xavier Malisse d. Juan Carlos Ferrero", "pos": "Question: In what year did Steffi Graf beat Monica Seles in the German Open? Passage:Graf lost an Australian Open quarterfinal to Jana Novotná, the first time she did not reach the semifinals of a Grand Slam singles tournament since the 1986 French Open. She then lost to Sabatini in her next three tournaments before winning the U.S. Hardcourt Championships in San Antonio, beating Monica Seles in the final. After losing a fifth straight time to Sabatini in Amelia Island, Florida, Graf again defeated Seles in the Hamburg final. Following her tournament victory in German Open in Berlin, Graf suffered one of the worst defeats of her career in a French Open semifinal where she won only two games against Sánchez Vicario and lost her first 6–0 set since 1984. At Wimbledon, however, Graf captured her third women's crown, this time at Sabatini's expense. Sabatini served for the match twice, and was two points away from her first Wimbledon title. After breaking Sabatini's serve to even the third set at 6–6, Graf defeated Sabatini by winning the next two games to take the match 6–4, 3–6, 8–6. Martina Navratilova then defeated Graf 7–6, 6–7, 6–4 in a US Open semifinal, the first time she had beaten Graf in four years. Graf then won in Leipzig, with her 500th career victory coming in a quarterfinal against Judith Wiesner. After winning two more indoor tournaments at Zurich and Brighton, she failed once again in the Virginia Slims Championships, losing her quarterfinal to Novotná. Soon after, she split with her long-time coach, Pavel Složil.\n Links: a. German Open (WTA) b. Jana Novotná c. 1991 Wimbledon Championships d. Hamburg European Open", "neg": "Question: Which of Safin's opponents that he defeated at the 2008 BMW Open was the oldest? Passage:Safin's next tournament was in Valencia. He defeated No. 20-ranked and fourth seed Juan Carlos Ferrero. In spite of the fact that Ferrero is from the Valencia region, Safin was the more popular player, having been based in Valencia for many years and being a well-known Valencia CF fan. – local player Ferrero controversially favouring Real Madrid. He played Dutch teenager Robin Haase in the next round. He won the first set and was up 4–2 in the second set. However, Haase broke back to take it to a tiebreak. Safin had four match points, including one on his serve, but lost the tiebreak, and eventually the match. In the Monte Carlo Masters, Safin defeated Xavier Malisse, but then lost to No. 5 David Ferrer. He then entered the 2008 BMW Open in Munich, Germany, where he beat Carlos Berlocq in the first round. In the second round, he edged out Michael Berrer, but lost to Fernando González in his first quarterfinal of the year, and the first since June 2007 at the Legg Mason Tennis Classic in Washington, D.C. Safin entered the 2008 French Open but was eliminated in the second round by countryman and fourth seed Nikolay Davydenko, in straight sets.\n Links: a. Robin Haase b. Xavier Malisse c. Juan Carlos Ferrero d. Michael Berrer", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}33{"query": "Question: Who is the most recent recipient of the award McGraw won for Goodbye Columbus? Passage:Elizabeth Alice \"Ali\" MacGraw (born April 1, 1939) is an American actress, model, author, and animal rights activist. She first gained attention with her role in the film Goodbye, Columbus (1969), for which she won the Golden Globe Award for Most Promising Newcomer. She gained an international profile for her role in the film Love Story (1970), for which she was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress and won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama. In 1972, MacGraw was voted the top female box office star in the world and was honored with a hands and footprints ceremony at Grauman's Chinese Theatre after having been in just three films. She went on to star in the popular action films The Getaway (1972) and Convoy (1978) as well as the romantic sports drama Players (1979), the comedy Just Tell Me What You Want (1980), and the historical novel-based television miniseries The Winds of War (1983). In 1991, she published an autobiography, Moving Pictures.\n Links: a. Golden Globe Award for New Star of the Year – Actress b. Golden Globe Award for New Star of the Year – Actress c. Love Story (1970 film) d. Goodbye, Columbus (film)", "pos": "Question: Who was the first recipient of the award MacGraw was nominated for due to her performance in Love Story? Passage:Elizabeth Alice \"Ali\" MacGraw (born April 1, 1939) is an American actress, model, author, and animal rights activist. She first gained attention with her role in the film Goodbye, Columbus (1969), for which she won the Golden Globe Award for Most Promising Newcomer. She gained an international profile for her role in the film Love Story (1970), for which she was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress and won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama. In 1972, MacGraw was voted the top female box office star in the world and was honored with a hands and footprints ceremony at Grauman's Chinese Theatre after having been in just three films. She went on to star in the popular action films The Getaway (1972) and Convoy (1978) as well as the romantic sports drama Players (1979), the comedy Just Tell Me What You Want (1980), and the historical novel-based television miniseries The Winds of War (1983). In 1991, she published an autobiography, Moving Pictures.\n Links: a. Academy Award for Best Actress b. Academy Award for Best Actress c. Grauman's Chinese Theatre d. Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama", "neg": "Question: Who wrote the film for which Ali MacGraw won the Golden Globe for Best Actress in a Motion Picture-Drama? Passage:Elizabeth Alice \"Ali\" MacGraw (born April 1, 1939) is an American actress, model, author, and animal rights activist. She first gained attention with her role in the film Goodbye, Columbus (1969), for which she won the Golden Globe Award for Most Promising Newcomer. She gained an international profile for her role in the film Love Story (1970), for which she was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress and won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama. In 1972, MacGraw was voted the top female box office star in the world and was honored with a hands and footprints ceremony at Grauman's Chinese Theatre after having been in just three films. She went on to star in the popular action films The Getaway (1972) and Convoy (1978) as well as the romantic sports drama Players (1979), the comedy Just Tell Me What You Want (1980), and the historical novel-based television miniseries The Winds of War (1983). In 1991, she published an autobiography, Moving Pictures.\n Links: a. Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama b. Love Story (1970 film) c. Love Story (1970 film) d. Just Tell Me What You Want", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}34{"query": "Question: How many years were there between Bryson Sr's arrival in Canada and the establishment of the Bank of Ottawa? Passage:He was born in Paisley, the son of James Bryson and Jane Cochrane, and came to Upper Canada with his parents in 1821. In 1835, he moved to the area near Fort-Coulonge in Lower Canada, where he entered the timber trade. In 1845, he married Robina Cobb. Bryson was mayor of Mansfield-et-Pontefract from 1855 to 1857 and from 1862 to 1867. He also served as justice of the peace, postmaster for Fort Coulonge and warden for Pontiac County. In 1857, he was elected to represent Pontiac in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada in a by-election held after the death of John Egan, but the assembly was dissolved before he took his seat. Bryson was defeated in the general election that followed in 1858. In 1867, he was named to the province's Legislative Council for Inkerman division. He helped establish the Bank of Ottawa, later serving as a director, and promoted the development of railway links in the region. Bryson retired from politics in 1887 and died in Fort-Coulonge at the age of 86.\n Links: a. Fort-Coulonge b. Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada c. John Egan (Canadian politician) d. Bank of Ottawa", "pos": "Question: How long was Okalik the premier of Nunavut? Passage:Inuit serving in political roles have actively advocated in support of the Inuit community. The Inuit serve within a national political organisation known as the Inuit Tapirisat. Abe Okpik CM, was instrumental in helping Inuit obtain surnames rather than disc numbers. while Simonie Michael, the first Inuk to sit on what is now the Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories was among the early Inuit leaders to call for an end to the disc numbers. Kiviaq (David Ward) Inuit politician was the first Inuk to become a lawyer, and is responsible for several important advances in establishing the legal rights of the Inuit people. In 2001, Kiviaq won the legal right to use his single-word Inuktitut name. Peter Irniq a former Commissioner of Nunavut set up the offices of \"the Official Languages, Access to Information and Conflict of Interest Commissioners\". Irniq also has encouraged the use of the Inuit language and the Inuit culture, referred to as Qaujimajatuqangit. Sheila Watt-Cloutier, OC, is an Inuit political representative and activist at the regional, national and international levels. Sheila has most recently working as International Chair of the Inuit Circumpolar Council (formerly the Inuit Circumpolar Conference). Nellie Cournoyea, OC, of Inupiat heritage served as the first female Premier of the Northwest Territories and the second female leader of an elected legislature in Canada. Helen Maksagak, CM, a Copper Inuit, was the last Commissioner of the undivided NWT and first Commissioner of Nunavut. Paul Okalik was the first Premier of Nunavut whose \"dream was to help his people in their dealings with the Canadian justice system.\" Ann Meekitjuk Hanson is the Commissioner of Nunavut as well as civil servant, broadcaster, journalist and author.\n Links: a. Inuktitut b. Kiviaq (lawyer) c. Premier of the Northwest Territories d. Paul Okalik", "neg": "Question: How many years had the House of Commons of Canada existed when Kuhl was elected to it? Passage:Born in Spruce Grove, Alberta, Kuhl was elected under the Social Credit banner to the House of Commons of Canada in the 1935 Canadian federal election. He defeated incumbent Member of Parliament and former Alberta Premier Charles Stewart to win the new Jasper—Edson electoral district. Kuhl would stand for re-election in the 1940 Canadian federal election this time under the New Democracy banner. He was re-elected defeating 3 other candidates winning by less than one hundred votes. Kuhl would stand for re-election for a 3rd term this time once again under the Social Credit banner he would be re-elected in the 1945 Canadian federal election. Kuhl would be defeated in the 1949 Canadian federal election by Liberal candidate John William Welbourn.\n Links: a. 1940 Canadian federal election b. Jasper—Edson c. House of Commons of Canada d. Jasper—Edson", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}35{"query": "Question: How many years after the release of the PC-8801 was the PC-9801 released? Passage:The initial versions of Xak: The Art of Visual Stage were released for NEC's PC-8801 and PC-9801 systems in June 1989. These were then followed by graphically distinct releases for the MSX2 (November 1989) and Sharp X68000 (April 1990). In 1992, the game was released for the PC Engine along with its sequel, , in the one-disc compilation Xak I & II. Ported by Riot, the game features animated cut scenes and requires the Super System Card update if played on the PC Engine's original CD-ROM add-on. Another console port was published by Sunsoft for the Super Famicom in February 1993. The latest visually enhanced remake was developed for Japanese mobile phones and became available on Vodafone live! on June 1, 2004. The game was the first release in Bandai's \"RPG Empire\" line of role-playing games.\n Links: a. Bandai b. X68000 c. Vodafone live! d. NEC", "pos": "Question: Which of the two linear platform games sold more copies? Passage:Project Dream was the codename of a role-playing video game (RPG) that served as the basis for the 1998 game Banjo-Kazooie. Developed by Rare, it was aimed for release on the Super Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES), and later the Nintendo 64 (N64). The plot revolved around a young boy, Edson, who caused trouble with pirates. The SNES version of Dream used an isometric perspective and had a fairy tale-like theme. After transitioning to the N64, the project became a more complex 3D RPG that had a greater emphasis on the pirate theme. Eventually, Dream was scaled back to a linear platform game in the vein of Donkey Kong Country (1994) that starred Banjo the bear, who became the protagonist of Banjo-Kazooie.\n Links: a. Isometric video game graphics b. 3D computer graphics c. Isometric video game graphics d. Donkey Kong Country", "neg": "Question: How long before Wonder Boy in Monster land was released was its gaming system established? Passage:The game would be published by Sega in 1987 and released in Japanese arcades. It ran on a Sega System 2 board. It was based on a Z80 processor that runs at 4 MHz, with audio provided by two SN76489 (also known as SN76496) chips that run at 4 MHz each. It used raster standard graphics and monaural sound. Upon its release for the arcades in Japan in 1987, Wonder Boy: Monster Land had slow sales, but it would eventually pick up to become a decent seller. Before Sega published it on its own console, Hudson obtained the rights and program from Escape (Westone) and published it on the PC Engine under the altered name Bikkuriman World (to avoid the conflict of Sega's character 'Wonder Boy') in October 1987. Sega ported the game to its Master System console in 1988, where in Japan it was titled Super Wonder Boy: Monster World. It was also ported by Activision for the Amiga, Atari ST, Commodore 64, Amstrad CPC, and ZX Spectrum in 1989. The Activision-published version bore the title of Super Wonder Boy in Monster Land on their packaging artwork. Hudson Soft released a version of the game titled Super Adventure Island for mobile phones on . The Master System version was released for the Wii's Virtual Console service in Japan on , in Europe on , and in North America on . Sega released the arcade version for the Virtual Console, PlayStation Network, Xbox Live Arcade (along with The Revenge of Shinobi, Alex Kidd in Miracle World, the Arcade port of Super Hang-On, Monster World IV, and Wonder Boy in Monster World) as part of its third Sega Vintage Collection package in May 2012.\n Links: a. Super Hang-On b. Sega c. Porting d. Porting", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}36{"query": "Question: When was the team Tuqiri last played for founded? Passage:Lote Daulako Tuqiri (born 23 September 1979) is a Fijian-Australian former professional dual-code rugby footballer who last played for the South Sydney Rabbitohs in the NRL. He represented Australia in both rugby league and rugby union, and Fiji in rugby league. He usually played as a winger in both codes. Tuqiri first rose to prominence as a professional rugby league footballer for the Brisbane Broncos and Queensland Maroons, as well as the Fiji and Australia national sides. He was therefore a high-profile signing for rugby union in 2002, winning 67 caps for Australia and being a part of their 2003 and 2007 World Cup squads. He played rugby union for the Waratahs in the Super 14 and Leicester Tigers in England in season 2009–10. Tuqiri's contract with the Australian Rugby Union was terminated on 1 July 2009. No immediate reason was given, and Tuqiri returned to rugby league in 2010, playing for the Wests Tigers of the NRL. In September 2013, he signed a short-term contract with Irish rugby union giants, Leinster to play in the Pro12 in a three-month deal. Just 6 weeks out from the 2014 NRL season, Tuqiri signed with his third NRL club, the South Sydney Rabbitohs on a one-year deal.\n Links: a. Rugby league b. South Sydney Rabbitohs c. South Sydney Rabbitohs d. Wests Tigers", "pos": "Question: Which national team that pull out of the Pacific Nations Cup has a longer history? Passage:The 2009 Pacific Nations Cup is a rugby union tournament held between five national sides on the Pacific Rim: Fiji, Japan, Samoa, Tonga and the Junior All Blacks. The New Zealand Māori team that won the tournament last year will no longer take part in this competition because of a decision taken by the New Zealand Rugby Union. Australia A has also decided to pull out due to a similar decision. The inaugural competition was held in 2006. This year the tournament will begin on June 12 and ends on July 3, 2009 and most of the matches will be hosted by Fiji. The awarding of the key international tournament to the Fiji Rugby Union represents a further boost to the continued development of rugby in the region. The two opening round matches will be played outside of Fiji with Samoa hosting the Junior All Blacks in Apia and Tonga entertaining the Fijians in Nukuʻalofa the following day before the tournament moves to Fiji for a 17-day festival of international rugby spread across three match venues: the ANZ National Stadium (Suva), Churchill Park (Lautoka) and Lawaqa Park (Sigatoka).\n Links: a. Australia A national rugby union team b. Māori All Blacks c. Australia A national rugby union team d. Australia A national rugby union team", "neg": "Question: How long had the Warriors been a team for the year they signed Ah Mau? Passage:He attended De La Salle College, Mangere East, and started his rugby league career with the Papatoetoe Panthers, later moving to Otahuhu, and playing in Auckland Rugby League competitions. As a member of Otahuhu, Ah Mau played for the Tamaki Titans in the Bartercard Cup. Ah Mau played for the Junior Kiwis in 2006 and the New Zealand under-18 side in 2007. Ah Mau was signed to a developmental contract with the Warriors in 2007. During his first year with the club he played 18 games in the NSWRL Premier League for the Auckland Lions. In 2008 he played in the inaugural season of the Toyota Cup, making 22 appearances for the Junior Warriors. He finished his Toyota Cup career with 40 appearances, 9 tries and 1 goal.\n Links: a. Junior Kiwis b. De La Salle College, Mangere East c. New Zealand Warriors d. New Zealand national rugby league team", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}37{"query": "Question: What countries was the Lublin-Brest Offensive fought in? Passage:In November 1942 he took command of the newly formed 102nd Rifle Division and led it in Operation Kutuzov, the Battle of the Dnieper and the Gomel-Rechitsa Offensive. In December 1943 he was appointed commander of the 29th Rifle Corps and fought in the Operation Bagration and the Lublin–Brest Offensive. In September, Andreyev became commander of the 4th Guards Rifle Corps, defending the Magnuszew bridgehead. In November he was appointed deputy commander of the 47th Army and in December given command of the 125th Rifle Corps. He led the corps in the Vistula–Oder Offensive, East Pomeranian Offensive and the Battle of Berlin. In April 1945 he was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union for his leadership in the capture of Warsaw. Postwar, he commanded the 4th Guards Rifle Corps, 7th Guards Rifle Corps, 19th Rifle Corps, 3rd Shock Army, 28th Army and Voronezh Military District. He was then Warsaw Pact representative to the Albanian People's Army and Czechoslovak People's Army. After leading the Military Institute of Foreign Languages, Andreyev retired in 1973. He lived in Moscow and died in 1983.\n Links: a. Warsaw b. Warsaw Pact c. Battle of the Dnieper d. Lublin–Brest Offensive", "pos": "Question: In what country was Fölkersam during the Battle of the Bulge? Passage:In 1944 Fölkersam's unit transferred to the Waffen-SS and became the major part of SS-Jagdverband Ost. This unit was active on the Eastern Front and took part in the kidnapping of Miklós Horthy, Jr. and the deposition of his father, the Hungarian regent Miklós Horthy in Operation Panzerfaust. During the Battle of the Bulge, Fölkersam participated in Operation Greif, and worked in close coordination with Otto Skorzeny. In January 1945, having posted to the Eastern Front, he fought against the advancing Red Army in central Poland. Adrian von Fölkersam was killed in action on 21 January 1945 near Inowrocław, Poland. At the time of his death, he was an SS-Hauptsturmführer (captain), and was in command of the SS-Jagdverband Ost.\n Links: a. Battle of the Bulge b. Otto Skorzeny c. Red Army d. Operation Greif", "neg": "Question: Which of the Operations Andreyev fought in had the most casualties? Passage:In November 1942 he took command of the newly formed 102nd Rifle Division and led it in Operation Kutuzov, the Battle of the Dnieper and the Gomel-Rechitsa Offensive. In December 1943 he was appointed commander of the 29th Rifle Corps and fought in the Operation Bagration and the Lublin–Brest Offensive. In September, Andreyev became commander of the 4th Guards Rifle Corps, defending the Magnuszew bridgehead. In November he was appointed deputy commander of the 47th Army and in December given command of the 125th Rifle Corps. He led the corps in the Vistula–Oder Offensive, East Pomeranian Offensive and the Battle of Berlin. In April 1945 he was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union for his leadership in the capture of Warsaw. Postwar, he commanded the 4th Guards Rifle Corps, 7th Guards Rifle Corps, 19th Rifle Corps, 3rd Shock Army, 28th Army and Voronezh Military District. He was then Warsaw Pact representative to the Albanian People's Army and Czechoslovak People's Army. After leading the Military Institute of Foreign Languages, Andreyev retired in 1973. He lived in Moscow and died in 1983.\n Links: a. Vistula–Oder Offensive b. 28th Army (Soviet Union) c. Operation Kutuzov d. Voronezh Military District", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}38{"query": "Question: How long had de Noailles been a cardinal when Gerberon was arrested? Passage:Here he wrote a defence of the doctrine of the Real Presence against the Calvinists in the form of an apology for Rupert, abbot of Deutz (Apologia pro Ruperto abbate Tuitensi, Paris, 1669). In 1676 he published at Brussels, under the name of Sieur Flore de Ste Foi his Miroir de la piété chrétienne, an enlarged edition of which appeared at Liège in the following year. This was condemned by certain archbishops and theologians as the repetition of the five condemned propositions of Jansen, and Gerberon defended it, under the name of Abbé Valentin in Le Miroir sans tache (Paris, 1680). He had by this time aroused against him the full fury of the Jesuits, and at their instigation a royal provost was sent to Corbie to arrest him. He had, however, just time to escape, and fled to the Low Countries, where he lived in various towns. He was invited by the Jansenist clergy to Holland, where he wrote another controversial work against the Protestants: Défense de l'Église Romaine contre la calomnie des Protestants (Cologne, 1688–1691). This produced unpleasantness with the Reformed clergy, and feeling himself no longer safe he returned to Brussels. In 1700 he published his history of Jansenism (Histoire générale du Jansénisme), considered a dry work, by which, however, he is best remembered. He adhered firmly to the Augustinian doctrine of Predestination, and on 30 May 1703 he was arrested at Brussels at the instance of the archbishop of Mechelen, and ordered to subscribe the condemnation of the five sentences of Jansen. On his refusal, he was handed over to his superiors and imprisoned in the citadel of Amiens and afterwards at Vincennes. Every sort of pressure was brought to bear upon him to make his submission, and at last, broken in health and spirit, he consented to sign a formula which the Cardinal de Noailles claimed as a recantation. Upon this he was released in 1710. The first use he made of his freedom was to write a work (which, however, his friends prudently prevented him from publishing), Le vain triomphe du cardinal de Noailles, containing a virtual withdrawal of the compulsory recantation.\n Links: a. Holland b. Louis Antoine de Noailles c. Holland d. Calvinism", "pos": "Question: Did Thomas Erastus ever serve at the Heiliggeistkirche? Passage:Neuser was born in Gunzenhausen and was a popular pastor and theologian in Heidelberg in the 1560s, serving at the Peterskirche and later the Heiliggeistkirche. During the controversy over church discipline that developed in the late 1560s, Neuser became a leading member of the Antidisciplinist, and thus anti-Calvinist, faction led by Thomas Erastus. His disaffection with the ecclesiastical regime perhaps played some role in his doubts concerning orthodox Christian dogma. He wrote letters sternly attacking the doctrine of the trinity. He wrote to the Ottoman Sultan assuring Sultan that he would receive support in Germany if his conquests push him that far. Neuser along with another Antitrinitarian, Johann Sylvan, sought to dialog with the Turks. Neuser was accused of denying divinity to Jesus Christ and was consequently imprisoned. His associate, Johann Sylvan, was tortured and beheaded. Neuser confessed but managed to break out of prison. He later converted to Islam and traveled to Istanbul where he served the Ottoman Sultan.\n Links: a. Ottoman Empire b. Thomas Erastus c. Church of the Holy Spirit, Heidelberg d. Istanbul", "neg": "Question: What country is Gunzenhausen in? Passage:Neuser was born in Gunzenhausen and was a popular pastor and theologian in Heidelberg in the 1560s, serving at the Peterskirche and later the Heiliggeistkirche. During the controversy over church discipline that developed in the late 1560s, Neuser became a leading member of the Antidisciplinist, and thus anti-Calvinist, faction led by Thomas Erastus. His disaffection with the ecclesiastical regime perhaps played some role in his doubts concerning orthodox Christian dogma. He wrote letters sternly attacking the doctrine of the trinity. He wrote to the Ottoman Sultan assuring Sultan that he would receive support in Germany if his conquests push him that far. Neuser along with another Antitrinitarian, Johann Sylvan, sought to dialog with the Turks. Neuser was accused of denying divinity to Jesus Christ and was consequently imprisoned. His associate, Johann Sylvan, was tortured and beheaded. Neuser confessed but managed to break out of prison. He later converted to Islam and traveled to Istanbul where he served the Ottoman Sultan.\n Links: a. Ottoman Empire b. Johann Sylvan c. Gunzenhausen d. Calvinism", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}39{"query": "Question: Who were the founding members of the British band that released their second album in May of 1984? Passage:Islands is the second album by the British pop band Kajagoogoo, released on 21 May 1984 on the EMI label. This was the band's first album without lead vocalist Limahl, who had been fired by the band in mid-1983 and went on to pursue a solo career. Bass player Nick Beggs, already the group's main backing singer, took over lead vocal duties, and also wrote the lyrics. The album was co-produced by the band themselves, now a four-piece group, along with Colin Thurston, who had also produced their debut, White Feathers. It is the final album to-date to feature founding drummer Jez Strode. The album also marked the first time Nick Beggs used the Chapman Stick on a recording.\n Links: a. Kajagoogoo b. Bassist c. EMI d. Solo (music)", "pos": "Question: Did the founding drummer of Kajagoogoo join any other bands after leaving Kajagoogoo? Passage:Islands is the second album by the British pop band Kajagoogoo, released on 21 May 1984 on the EMI label. This was the band's first album without lead vocalist Limahl, who had been fired by the band in mid-1983 and went on to pursue a solo career. Bass player Nick Beggs, already the group's main backing singer, took over lead vocal duties, and also wrote the lyrics. The album was co-produced by the band themselves, now a four-piece group, along with Colin Thurston, who had also produced their debut, White Feathers. It is the final album to-date to feature founding drummer Jez Strode. The album also marked the first time Nick Beggs used the Chapman Stick on a recording.\n Links: a. Jez Strode b. Lyrics c. Bassist d. Nick Beggs", "neg": "Question: Who are the original members of the band that recorded Kiss Kiss Kill Kill? Passage:Kiss Kiss Kill Kill is the third album by the Danish punk trio HorrorPops. The cover and songs convey a cinematic theme (particularly those with repressed female protagonists and escapist themes, the obvious example being the track \"Thelma and Louise\"). The album art mimics archetypical B-movie posters, promising \"Twelve Tales About Love and Murder... Starring HorrorPops\". Only \"Boot to Boot\" doesn't conform to the film formula. Inspired by the rioting in Copenhagen that followed the destruction of the Ungdomshuset(Youth House), an anarcho-punk squat and self-managed social centre, by police forces in 2007. Of the album's sound, lead singer Patricia Day stated in the Hellcat review of the album that the band was started \"So that we could play all kinds of music [but]... We really wanted to get back to the classic new wave feel that we love. And I think our excitement about these songs has made a hell of difference.\"\n Links: a. Punk rock b. Police c. HorrorPops d. HorrorPops", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}40{"query": "Question: Where is the organization that   McGuffin was elected founder in 1998 in 1998? Passage:He completed his training as a psychiatrist at the Maudsley Hospital, London and was awarded a Medical Research Council Fellowship to study genetics at the University of London and at Washington University in St Louis, Missouri where he spent a formative 18 months under the mentorship of Theodore (Ted) Reich and Irving I Gottesman. He completed a PhD with a thesis describing one of the first multi marker genetic linkage studies in schizophrenia. He subsequently became an MRC Senior Clinical Fellow at the Maudsley and the Institute of Psychiatry (now part of King's College London) and then took up the Chair of Psychological Medicine at the University of Wales College of Medicine in Cardiff in 1987. He subsequently established the Cardiff department as one of the World’s leading centres for psychiatric genetic research and was among the early pioneers of multi-centre international collaborations in psychiatric genetics such as the European Science Foundation programme on the Molecular Neurobiology of Mental Illness. He moved back to London as successor to Prof Sir Michael Rutter as Director of the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre at the Institute of Psychiatry in October 1998. From January 2007 to December 2009, he was the Dean of the Institute of Psychiatry. He was elected a founder Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences in 1998. Despite his very early Freudian leanings, McGuffin’s research, his books and papers have been mainly on the genetics of normal and abnormal behaviour.\n Links: a. Academy of Medical Sciences (United Kingdom) b. King's College London c. Cardiff d. Michael Rutter", "pos": "Question: When was the hospital where Peter McGuffin completed his training as a psychiatrist founded? Passage:He completed his training as a psychiatrist at the Maudsley Hospital, London and was awarded a Medical Research Council Fellowship to study genetics at the University of London and at Washington University in St Louis, Missouri where he spent a formative 18 months under the mentorship of Theodore (Ted) Reich and Irving I Gottesman. He completed a PhD with a thesis describing one of the first multi marker genetic linkage studies in schizophrenia. He subsequently became an MRC Senior Clinical Fellow at the Maudsley and the Institute of Psychiatry (now part of King's College London) and then took up the Chair of Psychological Medicine at the University of Wales College of Medicine in Cardiff in 1987. He subsequently established the Cardiff department as one of the World’s leading centres for psychiatric genetic research and was among the early pioneers of multi-centre international collaborations in psychiatric genetics such as the European Science Foundation programme on the Molecular Neurobiology of Mental Illness. He moved back to London as successor to Prof Sir Michael Rutter as Director of the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre at the Institute of Psychiatry in October 1998. From January 2007 to December 2009, he was the Dean of the Institute of Psychiatry. He was elected a founder Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences in 1998. Despite his very early Freudian leanings, McGuffin’s research, his books and papers have been mainly on the genetics of normal and abnormal behaviour.\n Links: a. Maudsley Hospital b. Missouri c. Maudsley Hospital d. Academy of Medical Sciences (United Kingdom)", "neg": "Question: Who founded the organization that Mukhopadhyay joined in 1999 upon her return to India? Passage:Born on the New Year's Day of 1966 at Khargapur in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh, Sangita Mukhopadhyay completed her MSc with a gold medal and did her doctoral studies at the Regional Medical Research Center, Bhubaneswar which fetched her a Phd from Utkal University in 1998 for her thesis on immunoregulation in filariasis. Subsequently, she did the post-doctoral work at the National Institute of Immunology and, later, in U.S.A. at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston. On her return to India, she joined the Central Drug Research Institute in 1999 and after a short stint, moved to the Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD). She later became the head of the Molecular Biology Group at the Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the institute and holds the position of a Grade IV staff scientist. At her laboratory, she hosts many research scholars who are involved in the studies in the disciplines of cell signaling and signal transduction, immunity, macrophage biology and tuberculosis.\n Links: a. Cell signaling b. Central Drug Research Institute c. Central Drug Research Institute d. Khargapur", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}41{"query": "Question: Which Open winner has won the most tournaments overall, the player from Germany or the player from Great Britain? Passage:Before this year, the tournament was won by a home favorite on several occasions: Guy Forget in 1996, Fabrice Santoro in 1999, Arnaud Clément in 2006, and Gilles Simon in 2007. The record for most titles is three, won by the Swiss player Marc Rosset in its first two years in 1993 and 1994, as well as in 2000; the Swedish player Thomas Enqvist also won three, in 1997, 1998, and 2002. It is also one of the few ATP tournaments to have been won only by European players, with France with five (Forget, Santoro, Clément, Simon, and this year's winner Jo-Wilfried Tsonga), Sweden with 4 (Enqvist, Joachim Johansson), Switzerland with four (Rosset, Roger Federer), Germany with one (Boris Becker), Russia with one (Yevgeny Kafelnikov), Slovakia with one (Dominik Hrbatý), and Great Britain with one (Andy Murray).\n Links: a. Arnaud Clément b. Boris Becker c. Joachim Johansson d. Roger Federer", "pos": "Question: Of the players from Sweden who won the Open, who was youngest when they won? Passage:Before this year, the tournament was won by a home favorite on several occasions: Guy Forget in 1996, Fabrice Santoro in 1999, Arnaud Clément in 2006, and Gilles Simon in 2007. The record for most titles is three, won by the Swiss player Marc Rosset in its first two years in 1993 and 1994, as well as in 2000; the Swedish player Thomas Enqvist also won three, in 1997, 1998, and 2002. It is also one of the few ATP tournaments to have been won only by European players, with France with five (Forget, Santoro, Clément, Simon, and this year's winner Jo-Wilfried Tsonga), Sweden with 4 (Enqvist, Joachim Johansson), Switzerland with four (Rosset, Roger Federer), Germany with one (Boris Becker), Russia with one (Yevgeny Kafelnikov), Slovakia with one (Dominik Hrbatý), and Great Britain with one (Andy Murray).\n Links: a. Dominik Hrbatý b. Joachim Johansson c. Jo-Wilfried Tsonga d. Andy Murray", "neg": "Question: Of the two players that each won three titles, are either still playing? Passage:Before this year, the tournament was won by a home favorite on several occasions: Guy Forget in 1996, Fabrice Santoro in 1999, Arnaud Clément in 2006, and Gilles Simon in 2007. The record for most titles is three, won by the Swiss player Marc Rosset in its first two years in 1993 and 1994, as well as in 2000; the Swedish player Thomas Enqvist also won three, in 1997, 1998, and 2002. It is also one of the few ATP tournaments to have been won only by European players, with France with five (Forget, Santoro, Clément, Simon, and this year's winner Jo-Wilfried Tsonga), Sweden with 4 (Enqvist, Joachim Johansson), Switzerland with four (Rosset, Roger Federer), Germany with one (Boris Becker), Russia with one (Yevgeny Kafelnikov), Slovakia with one (Dominik Hrbatý), and Great Britain with one (Andy Murray).\n Links: a. Marc Rosset b. Yevgeny Kafelnikov c. Marc Rosset d. Guy Forget", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}42{"query": "Question: Which country was the scholar-monk who opened Enichi-ji from? Passage:Enichi-ji was opened in 807 by the Hossō sect scholar-monk Tokuitsu, who had come from Nara to spread the faith in the Aizu region. He overcame the followers of the Tendai and Shingon sects to become preeminent in Aizu, and by the time of his death in 842, the temples was a complete Shichidō garan with 300 monks in residence, several thousand sōhei and more than 3500 sub-temples. By the late Heian period, the temple had extended its holdings into eastern Echigo province and had established close ties with the Taira clan. During the Genpei War, the temple sent troops in support of the Heike in Shinano Province against Kiso Yoshinaka. However, the temple's leading general, Jōtan-bō, was killed at the 1181 Battle of Yokotagawa by Yoshinaka's forces, and the temple's forces withdrew and the temple went into decline.\n Links: a. Sōhei b. Sōhei c. Taira clan d. Tokuitsu", "pos": "Question: How old was Yoshinaka when Enichi-ji's general was killed? Passage:Enichi-ji was opened in 807 by the Hossō sect scholar-monk Tokuitsu, who had come from Nara to spread the faith in the Aizu region. He overcame the followers of the Tendai and Shingon sects to become preeminent in Aizu, and by the time of his death in 842, the temples was a complete Shichidō garan with 300 monks in residence, several thousand sōhei and more than 3500 sub-temples. By the late Heian period, the temple had extended its holdings into eastern Echigo province and had established close ties with the Taira clan. During the Genpei War, the temple sent troops in support of the Heike in Shinano Province against Kiso Yoshinaka. However, the temple's leading general, Jōtan-bō, was killed at the 1181 Battle of Yokotagawa by Yoshinaka's forces, and the temple's forces withdrew and the temple went into decline.\n Links: a. Heian period b. Shinano Province c. East Asian Yogācāra d. Minamoto no Yoshinaka", "neg": "Question: When did the war that Enichi-ji sent troops to Shinano start? Passage:Enichi-ji was opened in 807 by the Hossō sect scholar-monk Tokuitsu, who had come from Nara to spread the faith in the Aizu region. He overcame the followers of the Tendai and Shingon sects to become preeminent in Aizu, and by the time of his death in 842, the temples was a complete Shichidō garan with 300 monks in residence, several thousand sōhei and more than 3500 sub-temples. By the late Heian period, the temple had extended its holdings into eastern Echigo province and had established close ties with the Taira clan. During the Genpei War, the temple sent troops in support of the Heike in Shinano Province against Kiso Yoshinaka. However, the temple's leading general, Jōtan-bō, was killed at the 1181 Battle of Yokotagawa by Yoshinaka's forces, and the temple's forces withdrew and the temple went into decline.\n Links: a. Aizu b. Taira clan c. Genpei War d. Tokuitsu", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}43{"query": "Question: How many days did the battle in Kokoda last? Passage:The Invasion of Buna–Gona, called Operation RI by the Japanese, was a military operation by Imperial Japanese forces to occupy the Buna–Gona area in the Territory of Papua during the Pacific campaign of the Second World War. The initial landings and advance on Kokoda occurred between 21 and 27 July 1942. The Japanese invaded and occupied the location in preparation for an overland attack on Port Moresby along the Kokoda Track. The landing marked the start of the Kokoda Track campaign. The landings were not directly opposed by land forces but were engaged by elements of Maroubra Force as they advanced on Kokoda. This initially included B Company of the 39th Battalion, patrols of the Papuan Infantry Battalion (PIB) operating in the area and a small number of the Australian New Guinea Administrative Unit (ANGAU) that became attached to the force. The Australians were initially repulsed near Oivi but subsequently regrouped to defend Kokoda in an initial battle there from 28–29 July.\n Links: a. Battle of Kokoda b. Pacific War c. Empire of Japan d. Gona", "pos": "Question: How long after the 1st Tanks Division was reassigned did the surrender of Japan occur? Passage:In March 1945, the 1st Tank Division with its 5th Armored Regiment was reassigned to the Japanese home islands in preparation for the expected invasion by Allied forces. It gained the IJA 1st Armored Regiment from the 3rd Tank Division, and formed part of the IJA 36th Army under the Japanese Twelfth Area Army. The headquarters unit and IJA 1st Armored Regiment were based in Sano, Tochigi, with the IJA 5th Armored Regiment stationed at Ōtawara, Tochigi (and later relocated to Kazo, Saitama, and the IJA 1st Mechanized Infantry Regiment and the Division’s mechanized artillery stationed at Tochigi. Anticipating that Allied forces would land at Kujūkuri Beach, the 1st Tank Division was to hold a defensive line stretching from Mount Tsukuba to the Tama River, with forward units deployed to Choshi, Chiba. The surrender of Japan came before the landing, and the 1st Armored Division did not see any combat on Japanese soil.\n Links: a. Surrender of Japan b. Sano, Tochigi c. Operation Downfall d. Kujūkuri Beach", "neg": "Question: Who was the commander of Maroubra Force? Passage:The Invasion of Buna–Gona, called Operation RI by the Japanese, was a military operation by Imperial Japanese forces to occupy the Buna–Gona area in the Territory of Papua during the Pacific campaign of the Second World War. The initial landings and advance on Kokoda occurred between 21 and 27 July 1942. The Japanese invaded and occupied the location in preparation for an overland attack on Port Moresby along the Kokoda Track. The landing marked the start of the Kokoda Track campaign. The landings were not directly opposed by land forces but were engaged by elements of Maroubra Force as they advanced on Kokoda. This initially included B Company of the 39th Battalion, patrols of the Papuan Infantry Battalion (PIB) operating in the area and a small number of the Australian New Guinea Administrative Unit (ANGAU) that became attached to the force. The Australians were initially repulsed near Oivi but subsequently regrouped to defend Kokoda in an initial battle there from 28–29 July.\n Links: a. Papuan Infantry Battalion b. 39th Battalion (Australia) c. Territory of Papua d. Maroubra Force", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}44{"query": "Question: Which artist Chris Brown played with during a celebrity basketball game in Orlando is the oldest? Passage:On March 2, 2012, Brown released the first episode of his Fortune web series, showing him backstage at the 2012 Lo Nuestro Awards where he performed \"International Love\" with Pitbull, playing in a celebrity basketball game during NBA All-Star Weekend in Orlando with rappers Common, 50 Cent, T.I., and singer R. Kelly, as well as partying and dancing at the club. In April 2012, Brown appeared in Australia as one of the performing acts for the urban music festival, Supafest. His set list composed of thirteen songs, which were \"Turn Up the Music\", \"Till I Die\", \"Run It!\", \"Deuces\", \"Yeah 3x\", \"Look at Me Now\", \"Beautiful People\", \"She Ain't You\", \"Wet the Bed\", \"My Last\", \"Body 2 Body\" and \"Birthday Cake\". On May 8, 2012, Brown appeared on Dancing with the Stars (US) to perform \"Turn Up the Music\". For the performance, Brown and his dancers wore suits. He later performed the song at the 2012 Billboard Music Awards, held at the MGM Grand Garden Arena in Paradise, Nevada on May 20, 2012. The performance featured projected images on the stage backdrop and BMX bike stunt troupes racing around the stage, as Brown performed choreographed routines while lip synching. His performance was met with a mixed response from celebrities, most notably Joe Jonas, Pink, and Carey Hart, who all criticized the singer for lip synching. On June 8, 2012, Brown appeared on NBC's Today show and performed \"Turn Up the Music\", \"Don't Wake Me Up\", \"Yeah 3x\" and \"Forever\", as part of the program's \"Summer Concert Series\". At the 2012 BET Awards on July 1, 2012, he performed a medley of \"Turn Up the Music\" and \"Don't Wake Me Up\", and appeared shirtless for the performance with half his body spray painted in grey. Brown performed acrobatic moves with six backup dancers \"under triangle-shaped beams\" as green and red flashing lights appeared throughout the stage.\n Links: a. 2012 Billboard Music Awards b. Pink (singer) c. Paradise, Nevada d. Common (rapper)", "pos": "Question: Who hosted the Billboard Music Awards when Chris Brown performed his song \"Turn Up the Music\"? Passage:On March 2, 2012, Brown released the first episode of his Fortune web series, showing him backstage at the 2012 Lo Nuestro Awards where he performed \"International Love\" with Pitbull, playing in a celebrity basketball game during NBA All-Star Weekend in Orlando with rappers Common, 50 Cent, T.I., and singer R. Kelly, as well as partying and dancing at the club. In April 2012, Brown appeared in Australia as one of the performing acts for the urban music festival, Supafest. His set list composed of thirteen songs, which were \"Turn Up the Music\", \"Till I Die\", \"Run It!\", \"Deuces\", \"Yeah 3x\", \"Look at Me Now\", \"Beautiful People\", \"She Ain't You\", \"Wet the Bed\", \"My Last\", \"Body 2 Body\" and \"Birthday Cake\". On May 8, 2012, Brown appeared on Dancing with the Stars (US) to perform \"Turn Up the Music\". For the performance, Brown and his dancers wore suits. He later performed the song at the 2012 Billboard Music Awards, held at the MGM Grand Garden Arena in Paradise, Nevada on May 20, 2012. The performance featured projected images on the stage backdrop and BMX bike stunt troupes racing around the stage, as Brown performed choreographed routines while lip synching. His performance was met with a mixed response from celebrities, most notably Joe Jonas, Pink, and Carey Hart, who all criticized the singer for lip synching. On June 8, 2012, Brown appeared on NBC's Today show and performed \"Turn Up the Music\", \"Don't Wake Me Up\", \"Yeah 3x\" and \"Forever\", as part of the program's \"Summer Concert Series\". At the 2012 BET Awards on July 1, 2012, he performed a medley of \"Turn Up the Music\" and \"Don't Wake Me Up\", and appeared shirtless for the performance with half his body spray painted in grey. Brown performed acrobatic moves with six backup dancers \"under triangle-shaped beams\" as green and red flashing lights appeared throughout the stage.\n Links: a. Birthday Cake (song) b. Pitbull (rapper) c. BMX bike d. 2012 Billboard Music Awards", "neg": "Question: Which televised award show Chris Brown attended in 2012 had the highest viewership?  Passage:On March 2, 2012, Brown released the first episode of his Fortune web series, showing him backstage at the 2012 Lo Nuestro Awards where he performed \"International Love\" with Pitbull, playing in a celebrity basketball game during NBA All-Star Weekend in Orlando with rappers Common, 50 Cent, T.I., and singer R. Kelly, as well as partying and dancing at the club. In April 2012, Brown appeared in Australia as one of the performing acts for the urban music festival, Supafest. His set list composed of thirteen songs, which were \"Turn Up the Music\", \"Till I Die\", \"Run It!\", \"Deuces\", \"Yeah 3x\", \"Look at Me Now\", \"Beautiful People\", \"She Ain't You\", \"Wet the Bed\", \"My Last\", \"Body 2 Body\" and \"Birthday Cake\". On May 8, 2012, Brown appeared on Dancing with the Stars (US) to perform \"Turn Up the Music\". For the performance, Brown and his dancers wore suits. He later performed the song at the 2012 Billboard Music Awards, held at the MGM Grand Garden Arena in Paradise, Nevada on May 20, 2012. The performance featured projected images on the stage backdrop and BMX bike stunt troupes racing around the stage, as Brown performed choreographed routines while lip synching. His performance was met with a mixed response from celebrities, most notably Joe Jonas, Pink, and Carey Hart, who all criticized the singer for lip synching. On June 8, 2012, Brown appeared on NBC's Today show and performed \"Turn Up the Music\", \"Don't Wake Me Up\", \"Yeah 3x\" and \"Forever\", as part of the program's \"Summer Concert Series\". At the 2012 BET Awards on July 1, 2012, he performed a medley of \"Turn Up the Music\" and \"Don't Wake Me Up\", and appeared shirtless for the performance with half his body spray painted in grey. Brown performed acrobatic moves with six backup dancers \"under triangle-shaped beams\" as green and red flashing lights appeared throughout the stage.\n Links: a. Web series b. BMX bike c. Lo Nuestro Awards d. Today (American TV program)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}45{"query": "Question: What instrument did George Russell play? Passage:There is a great deal written in music history books about the period of artistic experimentalism after World War II in Europe and the United States. Much like the period in France after the Franco-Prussian War (Impressionism) and in the late 19th century, the pre/post World War I period of (Expressionism), the post World War I period of Modernism was no different with composers trying to 'write music for the sake of music' and not attaching it to a social meaning or meant for a social cause (see Darmstadt School). The LP City of Glass and the whole body of work from the Stan Kenton orchestra and Robert Graettinger (1947–1953) is a direct product of the experimental American music scene of the post World War II era. Though overshadowed historically by other compositional endeavours in jazz at the time attributed to George Russell, Neal Hefti or Lennie Tristano, Graettinger and City of Glass is important in the progress that was to be part of Third stream jazz.\n Links: a. Europe b. Expressionism c. Expressionism d. George Russell (composer)", "pos": "Question: Which of Glen's parents' music genres is the oldest? Passage:Marla grew up on the South Side of Chicago, the daughter of Dell Glen (American-Jamaican) and Cortez Glen (Mexican-American). Glen's father was a blues guitarist, her grandmother a gospel singer, and her mother was friends with the blues guitarist B.B. King. Her mother Dell graduated from the University of Chicago and went on to become a successful banker who worked for Merrill Lynch. Glen's father, an American patriot who joined the military at a young age, became an engineer based in Frankfurt, Germany. Like many other children in Chicago's historic Bronzeville neighborhood (also known as the Black Metropolis) who received gifts and inspiration from folks like Muddy Waters and BB King, Marla was given a toy harmonica as a child, and her musical talent became immediately apparent. She was only 11 years old when she wrote her first song, \"Repertoire\", a title that has won three gold records and one platinum, and appears on her 1996 release, Love and Respect.\n Links: a. University of Chicago b. Douglas, Chicago c. Mexican Americans d. Blues", "neg": "Question: What types of music was popular in America after World War II? Passage:There is a great deal written in music history books about the period of artistic experimentalism after World War II in Europe and the United States. Much like the period in France after the Franco-Prussian War (Impressionism) and in the late 19th century, the pre/post World War I period of (Expressionism), the post World War I period of Modernism was no different with composers trying to 'write music for the sake of music' and not attaching it to a social meaning or meant for a social cause (see Darmstadt School). The LP City of Glass and the whole body of work from the Stan Kenton orchestra and Robert Graettinger (1947–1953) is a direct product of the experimental American music scene of the post World War II era. Though overshadowed historically by other compositional endeavours in jazz at the time attributed to George Russell, Neal Hefti or Lennie Tristano, Graettinger and City of Glass is important in the progress that was to be part of Third stream jazz.\n Links: a. Franco-Prussian War b. World War II c. Music of the United States d. World War I", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}46{"query": "Question: How many laps around the Olympic track did Kifle make while running heats in his Olympic debut? Passage:Kifle was born in Adi Billai in Eritrea's Debub Region. He made his first international appearance for Eritrea at the age of 21, running in the 3000 metres at the 1999 IAAF World Indoor Championships. He finished in last place and was over twenty seconds behind the rest of the runners. His first international outdoor competition followed later that year and he ran in the heats of the 5000 metres at the 1999 World Championships in Athletics in Seville. In 2000 he came 61st at the 2000 IAAF World Cross Country Championships and made his Olympic debut with a performance in the heats of the 10,000 metres at the 2000 Sydney Olympics. He began to improve from the 2002 season onwards: he was eighth in the long race at the 2000 IAAF World Cross Country Championships, fourth at the 2002 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships with a time of 1:01:05 hours, and came sixth over 5000 m at the 2002 African Championships in Athletics. He also won the Cursa de Bombers 10K in Spain that year.\n Links: a. 2000 IAAF World Cross Country Championships b. 10,000 metres c. 2000 IAAF World Cross Country Championships d. 2000 IAAF World Cross Country Championships", "pos": "Question: What stadium did Kifle make his first international appearance for Eritrea at the age of 21 while running 3000 metres? Passage:Kifle was born in Adi Billai in Eritrea's Debub Region. He made his first international appearance for Eritrea at the age of 21, running in the 3000 metres at the 1999 IAAF World Indoor Championships. He finished in last place and was over twenty seconds behind the rest of the runners. His first international outdoor competition followed later that year and he ran in the heats of the 5000 metres at the 1999 World Championships in Athletics in Seville. In 2000 he came 61st at the 2000 IAAF World Cross Country Championships and made his Olympic debut with a performance in the heats of the 10,000 metres at the 2000 Sydney Olympics. He began to improve from the 2002 season onwards: he was eighth in the long race at the 2000 IAAF World Cross Country Championships, fourth at the 2002 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships with a time of 1:01:05 hours, and came sixth over 5000 m at the 2002 African Championships in Athletics. He also won the Cursa de Bombers 10K in Spain that year.\n Links: a. 10,000 metres b. 1999 IAAF World Indoor Championships c. 5000 metres d. 2000 IAAF World Cross Country Championships", "neg": "Question: How many athletics participated along with Kifle in his Olympic debut? Passage:Kifle was born in Adi Billai in Eritrea's Debub Region. He made his first international appearance for Eritrea at the age of 21, running in the 3000 metres at the 1999 IAAF World Indoor Championships. He finished in last place and was over twenty seconds behind the rest of the runners. His first international outdoor competition followed later that year and he ran in the heats of the 5000 metres at the 1999 World Championships in Athletics in Seville. In 2000 he came 61st at the 2000 IAAF World Cross Country Championships and made his Olympic debut with a performance in the heats of the 10,000 metres at the 2000 Sydney Olympics. He began to improve from the 2002 season onwards: he was eighth in the long race at the 2000 IAAF World Cross Country Championships, fourth at the 2002 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships with a time of 1:01:05 hours, and came sixth over 5000 m at the 2002 African Championships in Athletics. He also won the Cursa de Bombers 10K in Spain that year.\n Links: a. 2000 Summer Olympics b. 1999 World Championships in Athletics c. Southern Region (Eritrea) d. Southern Region (Eritrea)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}47{"query": "Question: Which football club had a better winning record in 2012, Hearts or Manchester City? Passage:In August 2012, he made his European debut for the club, coming on as a substitute in a UEFA Europa League qualifying match against Gomel, replacing Joe Cole in a 0–1 away win. The following week, Sterling scored his first goal for the senior team with a first-half strike in a friendly against Bayer Leverkusen. On 23 August 2012, he started his first match for Liverpool in a Europa League qualifying match away to Hearts in a 0–1 win. He was given his first start in the league three days later in a 2–2 draw at Anfield to Manchester City. He played the full 90 minutes in the loss to Arsenal on 2 September, and the draw with Sunderland on 15 September, where he registered one assist and was named man of the match. On 19 September, Sterling was one of the group of teenagers that travelled to Switzerland to play Young Boys in a UEFA Europa League group match. He replaced Stewart Downing in the second half as Liverpool won 3–5. On 20 October, Sterling scored his first senior competitive goal for Liverpool in the 29th minute in a 1–0 league win against Reading with a strike from the edge of the box. As a result, he became the second-youngest player ever to score in a competitive fixture for Liverpool, behind only Michael Owen.\n Links: a. Heart of Midlothian F.C. b. UEFA Europa League c. Stewart Downing d. Reading F.C.", "pos": "Question: Which player is younger, Stewart Downing or Michael Owen? Passage:In August 2012, he made his European debut for the club, coming on as a substitute in a UEFA Europa League qualifying match against Gomel, replacing Joe Cole in a 0–1 away win. The following week, Sterling scored his first goal for the senior team with a first-half strike in a friendly against Bayer Leverkusen. On 23 August 2012, he started his first match for Liverpool in a Europa League qualifying match away to Hearts in a 0–1 win. He was given his first start in the league three days later in a 2–2 draw at Anfield to Manchester City. He played the full 90 minutes in the loss to Arsenal on 2 September, and the draw with Sunderland on 15 September, where he registered one assist and was named man of the match. On 19 September, Sterling was one of the group of teenagers that travelled to Switzerland to play Young Boys in a UEFA Europa League group match. He replaced Stewart Downing in the second half as Liverpool won 3–5. On 20 October, Sterling scored his first senior competitive goal for Liverpool in the 29th minute in a 1–0 league win against Reading with a strike from the edge of the box. As a result, he became the second-youngest player ever to score in a competitive fixture for Liverpool, behind only Michael Owen.\n Links: a. Michael Owen b. Bayer 04 Leverkusen c. Sunderland A.F.C. d. Reading F.C.", "neg": "Question: What is the capacity of the stadium where Sterling gave his first start in the league in a 2-2 draw to Manchester City? Passage:In August 2012, he made his European debut for the club, coming on as a substitute in a UEFA Europa League qualifying match against Gomel, replacing Joe Cole in a 0–1 away win. The following week, Sterling scored his first goal for the senior team with a first-half strike in a friendly against Bayer Leverkusen. On 23 August 2012, he started his first match for Liverpool in a Europa League qualifying match away to Hearts in a 0–1 win. He was given his first start in the league three days later in a 2–2 draw at Anfield to Manchester City. He played the full 90 minutes in the loss to Arsenal on 2 September, and the draw with Sunderland on 15 September, where he registered one assist and was named man of the match. On 19 September, Sterling was one of the group of teenagers that travelled to Switzerland to play Young Boys in a UEFA Europa League group match. He replaced Stewart Downing in the second half as Liverpool won 3–5. On 20 October, Sterling scored his first senior competitive goal for Liverpool in the 29th minute in a 1–0 league win against Reading with a strike from the edge of the box. As a result, he became the second-youngest player ever to score in a competitive fixture for Liverpool, behind only Michael Owen.\n Links: a. Reading F.C. b. Reading F.C. c. Anfield d. Manchester City F.C.", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}48{"query": "Question: Did the founding drummer of Kajagoogoo join any other bands after leaving Kajagoogoo? Passage:Islands is the second album by the British pop band Kajagoogoo, released on 21 May 1984 on the EMI label. This was the band's first album without lead vocalist Limahl, who had been fired by the band in mid-1983 and went on to pursue a solo career. Bass player Nick Beggs, already the group's main backing singer, took over lead vocal duties, and also wrote the lyrics. The album was co-produced by the band themselves, now a four-piece group, along with Colin Thurston, who had also produced their debut, White Feathers. It is the final album to-date to feature founding drummer Jez Strode. The album also marked the first time Nick Beggs used the Chapman Stick on a recording.\n Links: a. Jez Strode b. Lyrics c. Bassist d. Nick Beggs", "pos": "Question: Who were the founding members of the British band that released their second album in May of 1984? Passage:Islands is the second album by the British pop band Kajagoogoo, released on 21 May 1984 on the EMI label. This was the band's first album without lead vocalist Limahl, who had been fired by the band in mid-1983 and went on to pursue a solo career. Bass player Nick Beggs, already the group's main backing singer, took over lead vocal duties, and also wrote the lyrics. The album was co-produced by the band themselves, now a four-piece group, along with Colin Thurston, who had also produced their debut, White Feathers. It is the final album to-date to feature founding drummer Jez Strode. The album also marked the first time Nick Beggs used the Chapman Stick on a recording.\n Links: a. Kajagoogoo b. Bassist c. EMI d. Solo (music)", "neg": "Question: What are some other artists that signed with 10cc's second label? Passage:After supporting The Moody Blues on tour as Hotlegs, and their acclaimed work as studio band for Ramases, Kasenetz-Katz, Neil Sedaka and others, the four session musicians decided to pool their talents as a unit. In 1972, they signed to Jonathan King's UK Records label, who named the band 10cc releasing two albums, 10cc (1973), and Sheet Music (1974), which featured five UK hit singles, \"Donna\" – No. 2, \"Rubber Bullets\" – No. 1, \"The Dean and I\" – No. 10, \"The Wall Street Shuffle\" – No. 10 and \"Silly Love\" – No. 24. The band satirized its small royalty in \"4% of Something\", and Lisberg tried to leverage the band's success by renegotiating but UK Records was intransigent. In 1975, for a big advance and fair royalty, 10cc left UK Records and moved to Phonogram.\n Links: a. Jonathan King b. Rubber Bullets c. Phonogram Inc. d. Phonogram Inc.", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}49{"query": "Question: Which has won more championships between the team Merris joined in 1998 and the one he joined in September 1999? Passage:Born in Rotherham, South Yorkshire, Merris was a member of the youth system of hometown club Rotherham United before joining Guiseley in 1998. He joined Harrogate Town in September 1999, with whom he won the Northern Premier League First Division title in the 2001–02 season. Merris signed for Third Division side York City on 6 August 2003 following a trial. He won York's Clubman of the Year award for the 2004–05 season. Merris signed a new deal with York at the end of the 2004–05 season. He was released by York at the end of the 2005–06 season and subsequently signed for former club Harrogate on 29 June 2006. On 20 March 2008, he joined Guiseley from Harrogate for an undisclosed fee. He was released by the club in May 2012 before signing for Harrogate for the third time on 31 May. Merris joined Northern Premier League Division One North club Ossett Town as a player-coach in June 2014. and was appointed player-assistant manager in November 2014\n Links: a. 2005–06 in English football b. South Yorkshire c. Rotherham United F.C. d. 2005–06 in English football", "pos": "Question: In what year was the team founded that Griffiths moved to in 1995? Passage:He started his career with Shrewsbury Town in 1988, and after being voted onto the PFA Team of the Year, moved on to Manchester City for £500,000 in October 1993. In August 1995 he transferred to Portsmouth for £200,000, moving on to Peterborough United for £225,000 in March 1996. He joined Leyton Orient for £65,000 in March 1997, where he stayed for four years, interrupted by short spells at Wrexham (on loan) and Port Vale. He played for Luton Town between July 2001 and 2003 following a £65,000 transfer, later dropping into non-league football with Harlow Town, Braintree Town, Brentwood Town, and Maldon Town. He also represented Wales at under-21 level and also for the \"B\" team. Within his three spells with Leyton Orient he achieved cult status and in 2004 received 9% of the vote for all-time cult hero behind Peter Kitchen and Terry Howard.\n Links: a. Terry Howard b. Port Vale F.C. c. Portsmouth F.C. d. PFA Team of the Year", "neg": "Question: Which of the teams Williams played for starting in 1997 has won the most championships? Passage:Williams started his footballing career at his local club Cradley Town in 1990. After impressing in the lower leagues he attracted the attention of Football League sides and joined Welsh side Swansea City in 1991. After having a decent season with Swansea he move on up to Coventry City the following season. He spent three years with the sky blues making 80 league appearances, the most he would acquire in his career. Williams' early goal against Middlesbrough on 15 August 1992 was only the second goal ever scored in the newly formed FA Premiership (the goal came in the ninth minute of the game which was approximately four minutes after Brian Deane's goal against Manchester United on the opening day of the new season). Whilst at Coventry Williams had loan spells at Notts County, Stoke City and at his old club Swansea City. He left Coventry in 1995 and joined new league side Wycombe Wanderers to start a somewhat nomadic career. After two years with the chairboys he moved on to unsuccessful spells at Hereford United and Walsall. Williams then went on to have a new club every season starting with Exeter City in the 1997–98 season. He went on to play for Cardiff City, York City, Darlington, two seasons with Swansea City his third spell at the club and his final Football League side Kidderminster Harriers. Known as the \"flying postman\" due to his speed and career before football, when playing for Kidderminster scored famously against Wolves in the FA Cup 3rd round only for his goal to be equalised in the final minutes.\n Links: a. Kidderminster Harriers F.C. b. Exeter City F.C. c. Wycombe Wanderers F.C. d. Stoke City F.C.", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}50{"query": "Question: Which team had more wins, the Reds or the Pirates? Passage:Holding off fierce competition from the Cincinnati Reds and Pittsburgh Pirates, the Cardinals clinched the division crown as each team won at least 90 games. The Cardinals finished the season with an NL-best 97–65 won–loss record. They opened the playoffs by defeating the Pirates in five games in the NL Division Series (NLDS). Advancing to their third straight National League Championship Series, they defeated the Los Angeles Dodgers in six games for their 19th NL pennant. Rookie Michael Wacha, who had nearly no-hit the Washington Nationals late in September, continued his dominance throughout the postseason as he allowed no runs against the Dodgers in 13 IP, earning the NLCS MVP. It was the second straight NLCS appearance to which manager Mike Matheny guided the Cardinals, who became the first manager to appear in an LCS in his first two seasons. Rookie closer Trevor Rosenthal extended a 20-inning postseason scoreless streak that started in the 2012 NLDS. The Cardinals met the Boston Red Sox in the World Series, only to lose the series in six games.\n Links: a. 2013 World Series b. List of National League pennant winners c. Trevor Rosenthal d. 2013 Cincinnati Reds season", "pos": "Question: How did the Arizona Diamondbacks defeat in the World Series? Passage:This article is about the history of the Arizona Diamondbacks. The Diamondbacks (often shortened as the D-Backs), an American professional baseball team based in Phoenix, Arizona, were formed in 1998, based at Bank One Ballpark. This followed five years of preparation under the leadership of Jerry Colangelo. The Diamondbacks won the World Series championship in 2001, becoming the fastest expansion team in the Major Leagues to win a championship, doing so in only the fourth season since inception in 1998. Financial difficulties were then encountered and the home field was renamed to Chase Field in 2005, as a result of Bank One Corporation's merger with JPMorgan Chase & Co. After a lean period the team won the National League West division in 2011.\n Links: a. Phoenix, Arizona b. Expansion team c. JPMorgan Chase d. World Series", "neg": "Question: How many more games did the Cardinals win as compared with the Reds? Passage:Holding off fierce competition from the Cincinnati Reds and Pittsburgh Pirates, the Cardinals clinched the division crown as each team won at least 90 games. The Cardinals finished the season with an NL-best 97–65 won–loss record. They opened the playoffs by defeating the Pirates in five games in the NL Division Series (NLDS). Advancing to their third straight National League Championship Series, they defeated the Los Angeles Dodgers in six games for their 19th NL pennant. Rookie Michael Wacha, who had nearly no-hit the Washington Nationals late in September, continued his dominance throughout the postseason as he allowed no runs against the Dodgers in 13 IP, earning the NLCS MVP. It was the second straight NLCS appearance to which manager Mike Matheny guided the Cardinals, who became the first manager to appear in an LCS in his first two seasons. Rookie closer Trevor Rosenthal extended a 20-inning postseason scoreless streak that started in the 2012 NLDS. The Cardinals met the Boston Red Sox in the World Series, only to lose the series in six games.\n Links: a. 2013 Cincinnati Reds season b. 2012 National League Division Series c. 2013 Washington Nationals season d. Mike Matheny", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}51{"query": "Question: What was the population of Rome during the last year that Lucius Sextius Lateranus served as a tribune of the plebs? Passage:The gens Sextia was a plebeian family at Rome, from the time of the early Republic and continuing into imperial times. The most famous member of the gens was Lucius Sextius Lateranus, who as tribune of the plebs from 376 to 367 BC, prevented the election of the annual magistrates, until the passage of the lex Licinia Sextia, otherwise known as the \"Licinian Rogations,\" in the latter year. This law, brought forward by Sextius and his colleague, Gaius Licinius Calvus, opened the consulship to the plebeians, and in the following year Sextius was elected the first plebeian consul. Despite the antiquity of the family, only one other member obtained the consulship during the time of the Republic. Their name occurs more often in the consular fasti under the Empire.\n Links: a. Gens b. Roman Republic c. Ancient Rome d. Gens", "pos": "Question: What time period did the Antonine dynasty rule? Passage:Commodus, the last emperor of the Antonine dynasty, remembered by contemporaneous chronicles as an unpopular ruler notorious for his extravagance and cruelty, was assassinated in 192. Without sons to be his heir, a struggle for power immediately broke out amongst the governors of the most important provinces. Pertinax was elevated to the purple and recognized by his peers, but following his murder by a restive Praetorian Guard, Septimius Severus decided to make his bid for power and usurped the throne. Although initially a usurper, Severus managed to remain in power for the next 18 years and died a natural death while campaigning in northern Britain. The death of Severus Alexander (the last emperor of the Severan dynasty) in 235 triggered what historians call the crisis of the third century. In this period, from 235 to the accession of Diocletian and the establishment of the Tetrarchy in 286, Rome saw 28 emperors of whom only two had a natural death (from the plague). However, there were also 38 usurpers who raised revolts across the Empire, a clear sign that the security of the frontiers was not the only problem within the Roman world. Usurpation attempts were a constant worry for the emperors in this period; it was a too common method of acceding the throne. Successful usurpers were usually either provincial governors, commanders of a large grouping of Roman legions, or prefects of the Praetorian Guard, which had control of Rome, where the Imperial palace still lay.\n Links: a. Severan dynasty b. Commodus c. Nerva–Antonine dynasty d. Severan dynasty", "neg": "Question: How many people lived in Milan when Diocletian restored political stability after the Crisis of the Third Century? Passage:During the Crisis of the Third Century the Roman Empire nearly collapsed under the combined pressures of invasions, military anarchy and civil wars, and hyperinflation. In 284, emperor Diocletian restored political stability. He carried out thorough administrative reforms to maintain order. He created the so-called Tetrarchy whereby the empire was ruled by two senior emperors called Augusti and two junior vice-emperors called Caesars. He decreased the size of the Roman provinces by doubling their number to reduce the power of the provincial governors. He grouped the provinces into several dioceses (Latin: diocesis) and put them under the supervision of the imperial vicarius (vice, deputy), who was the head of the diocese. During the Crisis of the Third Century the importance of Rome declined because the city was far from the troubled frontiers. Diocletian and his colleagues usually resided in four imperial seats. The Augusti, Diocletian and Maximian, who were responsible for the East and West respectively, established themselves at Nicomedia, in north-western Anatolia (closer to the Persian frontier in the east) and Milan, in northern Italy (closer to the European frontiers) respectively. The seats of the Caesars were Augusta Treverorum (on the River Rhine frontier) for Constantius Chlorus and Sirmium (on the River Danube frontier) for Galerius who also resided at Thessaloniki.\n Links: a. Milan b. Danube c. Sirmium d. History of Trier", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}52{"query": "Question: How many ships are maintained by the organization that Lee joined in the aftermath of World War II? Passage:Born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Lee was in the United States Navy in the aftermath of World War II, from 1945 to 1947. He received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from the University of Pittsburgh in 1950 and a Bachelor of Laws from Duquesne University School of Law in 1954. He was in private practice in Pittsburgh from 1954 to 1956. He was a law clerk for Judge Rabe Marsh of the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania from 1957 to 1958. He was in private practice in Pittsburgh from 1958 to 1984. He was a councilman of the Borough of Green Tree, Pennsylvania from 1961 to 1963. He was a special assistant state attorney general of Pennsylvania from 1963 to 1974. He was a Solicitor for the Borough of Green Tree, Pennsylvania from 1963 to 1984 and from 1986 to 1988. He was a Judge on the Court of Common Pleas of Allegheny County from 1984 to 1986 and from 1988 to 1990.\n Links: a. United States Navy b. United States Navy c. University of Pittsburgh d. United States Navy", "pos": "Question: What country's flag flies over the country near the town the Miller performed harbor patrol duty near? Passage:After shakedown along the U.S. East Coast and in the Gulf of Mexico, Jack Miller sailed from Norfolk, Virginia, 13 June 1944, arriving Pearl Harbor 12 July via the Panama Canal Zone and San Diego, California. After more intensive training out of Pearl Harbor, she departed on 24 July screening a convoy to Eniwetok, where she arrived on 2 August. The remainder of the month was spent on patrol and convoy duty. Jack Miller sailed from Eniwetok on 2 September and, after escorting a convoy to Saipan, took up harbor patrol duty there. Antisubmarine patrols, convoy screening, and escort duty kept Jack Miller busy for the next nine months. During this period she sank five mines. In late 1944 Jack Miller came under the command of Lt. Commander Vermont C. Royster; he had served as the White House correspondent of The Wall Street Journal before the war. After the war ended, Lt. Commander Royster would leave the Navy and resume his journalism career at the Wall Street Journal; he would eventually become the paper's editor-in-chief in 1958.\n Links: a. Saipan b. Gulf of Mexico c. Anti-submarine weapon d. Convoy", "neg": "Question: What is the population of the county where Lee served as a  Judge on the Court of Common Pleas during the 1980s? Passage:Born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Lee was in the United States Navy in the aftermath of World War II, from 1945 to 1947. He received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from the University of Pittsburgh in 1950 and a Bachelor of Laws from Duquesne University School of Law in 1954. He was in private practice in Pittsburgh from 1954 to 1956. He was a law clerk for Judge Rabe Marsh of the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania from 1957 to 1958. He was in private practice in Pittsburgh from 1958 to 1984. He was a councilman of the Borough of Green Tree, Pennsylvania from 1961 to 1963. He was a special assistant state attorney general of Pennsylvania from 1963 to 1974. He was a Solicitor for the Borough of Green Tree, Pennsylvania from 1963 to 1984 and from 1986 to 1988. He was a Judge on the Court of Common Pleas of Allegheny County from 1984 to 1986 and from 1988 to 1990.\n Links: a. Green Tree, Pennsylvania b. Bachelor of Arts c. Allegheny County, Pennsylvania d. World War II", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}53{"query": "Question: When was the bureau established that   Lt. Vreeland was assigned after a three-year tour at sea aboard the sloop-of-war  Passage:Vreeland was further promoted to master and then lieutenant after successive tours of duty on board the screw steamer , the gunboat and the sloop-of-war . He was then assigned to the Nautical Almanac Office of the US Naval Observatory in November 1881 after a brief period ashore awaiting orders. In March 1884, Lt. Vreeland began a three-year tour at sea aboard the sloop-of-war , after which he was assigned for two years at the Bureau of Navigation. He was then assigned briefly (from July to September 1889) with the Office of Naval Intelligence and reported to the Coast Survey late in October, a posting he took until the spring of 1893, when Vreeland was assigned a series of tours as naval attaché — first in Rome, Vienna and finally in Berlin.\n Links: a. Berlin b. Bureau of Navigation (United States Navy) c. Gunboat d. Office of Naval Intelligence", "pos": "Question: How long had the Royal Navy existed when Victor first became an officer? Passage:Victor (sometimes spelled Viktor) became an officer in the Royal Navy in 1848 and was promoted to Lieutenant in 1854. As a Lieutenant, he served on the first-rate HMS St Jean d'Acre in the Mediterranean under Captain Henry Keppel in 1855; commanded the gunboat HMS Traveller for a few months in 1856 after her launch until she was paid off; served again under Keppel again on the fourth-rate HMS Raleigh in the East Indies and China, until she was wrecked near Macau in 1857. He was recommended for the Victoria Cross for his service in China in 1856. He was promoted to Commander in 1857, and commanded the first-rate sloop HMS Scourge in the Mediterranean. Promoted to Captain in 1859, he took command of the 21-gun corvette HMS Racoon from commissioning in 1863 until 1866, during which time Queen Victoria's second son, Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh (1844–1900) served on board as a lieutenant.\n Links: a. Henry Keppel b. Royal Navy c. Ship commissioning d. Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha", "neg": "Question: Which of the offices that Charles E. Vreeland worked at is the oldest? Passage:Vreeland was further promoted to master and then lieutenant after successive tours of duty on board the screw steamer , the gunboat and the sloop-of-war . He was then assigned to the Nautical Almanac Office of the US Naval Observatory in November 1881 after a brief period ashore awaiting orders. In March 1884, Lt. Vreeland began a three-year tour at sea aboard the sloop-of-war , after which he was assigned for two years at the Bureau of Navigation. He was then assigned briefly (from July to September 1889) with the Office of Naval Intelligence and reported to the Coast Survey late in October, a posting he took until the spring of 1893, when Vreeland was assigned a series of tours as naval attaché — first in Rome, Vienna and finally in Berlin.\n Links: a. United States Naval Observatory b. United States Naval Observatory c. Berlin d. U.S. National Geodetic Survey", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}54{"query": "Question: How old was the author of Kako je počeo rat na mom otoku when he wrote it? Passage:After the political changes in 2000, Croatian cinema proved it could work in a completely free environment for the first time. As a result, at the beginning of this decade Croatian cinema flourishes again, and many critics write about \"third golden era\" (after the 1950s and 1960s). One of the most popular authors in the contemporary Croatian cinema is Vinko Brešan whose comedies Kako je počeo rat na mom otoku (How the War Started on My Island, 1997), and Maršal (Marshal Tito's Spirit, 1999) mix grotesque humor and political provocation. Brešan's war drama Svjedoci (Witnesses, based on a novel by Jurica Pavičić) was the first feature film from countries of former Yugoslavia which discussed the war crimes committed by \"our guys\", not the enemy. Film was screened in competition at the Berlin Film Festival in 2003. A Wonderful Night in Split (Ta divna splitska noć, 2004) by Arsen A. Ostojić received a nomination for the European Discovery EFA award, and Tu (Here, 2003) by Zrinko Ogresta was awarded at the Karlovy Vary Film Festival. Among other distinguished contemporary directors, internationally most recognized is Ognjen Sviličić, whose two films premiered at the Berlin Film Festival - Oprosti za kung fu (Sorry about Kung Fu, 2004) and Armin (2006). Armin was also Croatia's submission for the 2008 Academy Award, and although it didn't earn a nomination in the Best Foreign Language Film category, it did nevertheless receive the prestigious Best Foreign Film of 2007 Award given by the International Federation of Film Critics.\n Links: a. Jurica Pavičić b. How the War Started on My Island c. Zrinko Ogresta d. Vinko Brešan", "pos": "Question: Which European director was older, Cocteau or Bergman? Passage:One of the main film genres associated with the Weimar Republic cinema is German Expressionism which was inspired by the expressionist movement in art. Expressionist movies relied heavily on symbolism and artistic imagery rather than stark realism to tell their stories. Given the grim mood in post-WWI, it was not surprising that these films focused heavily on crime and horror. The film usually credited with sparking the popularity of expressionism is Robert Wiene's The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920), produced by Erich Pommer. The film tells the story of a demented hypnotist who is using a sleepwalker to perform a series of murders. The film featured a dark and twisted visual style - the set was unrealistic with geometric images painted on the floor and shapes in light and shadow cast on walls, the acting was exaggerated and the costumes bizarre. These stylistic elements became trademarks of this cinematic movement. Other notable works of Expressionism are Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau's Nosferatu (1922), Carl Boese and Paul Wegener's  (1920) and Metropolis (1927) directed by Fritz Lang. The Expressionist movement began to wane during the mid-1920s, but perhaps the fact that its main creators moved to Hollywood, California, allowed this style to remain influential in world cinema for years to come, particularly in American horror films and film noir and in the works of European directors such as Jean Cocteau and Ingmar Bergman.\n Links: a. Symbolism (arts) b. World War I c. F. W. Murnau d. Ingmar Bergman", "neg": "Question: What is the age difference between the author of the novel Witnesses and the person who adapted it for the screen? Passage:After the political changes in 2000, Croatian cinema proved it could work in a completely free environment for the first time. As a result, at the beginning of this decade Croatian cinema flourishes again, and many critics write about \"third golden era\" (after the 1950s and 1960s). One of the most popular authors in the contemporary Croatian cinema is Vinko Brešan whose comedies Kako je počeo rat na mom otoku (How the War Started on My Island, 1997), and Maršal (Marshal Tito's Spirit, 1999) mix grotesque humor and political provocation. Brešan's war drama Svjedoci (Witnesses, based on a novel by Jurica Pavičić) was the first feature film from countries of former Yugoslavia which discussed the war crimes committed by \"our guys\", not the enemy. Film was screened in competition at the Berlin Film Festival in 2003. A Wonderful Night in Split (Ta divna splitska noć, 2004) by Arsen A. Ostojić received a nomination for the European Discovery EFA award, and Tu (Here, 2003) by Zrinko Ogresta was awarded at the Karlovy Vary Film Festival. Among other distinguished contemporary directors, internationally most recognized is Ognjen Sviličić, whose two films premiered at the Berlin Film Festival - Oprosti za kung fu (Sorry about Kung Fu, 2004) and Armin (2006). Armin was also Croatia's submission for the 2008 Academy Award, and although it didn't earn a nomination in the Best Foreign Language Film category, it did nevertheless receive the prestigious Best Foreign Film of 2007 Award given by the International Federation of Film Critics.\n Links: a. A Wonderful Night in Split b. Jurica Pavičić c. European Film Awards d. Berlin International Film Festival", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}55{"query": "Question: Which of the large cats featured at the zoo is larger on average? Passage:The ZOO Bratislava () is a zoo in Bratislava, Slovakia. It is located in the area of Mlynská dolina in the borough of Karlova Ves on the slopes of the forested hills of Little Carpathians. As of 2016, the zoo has an area of out of which is open to the public, and is home to over 900 specimens of 175 animal species. The zoo receives on average 300,000 visitors annually. It is the only zoo in Bratislava, it is accessible by car with a dedicated parking lot or by public transport (bus stop ZOO) and it is open every day of the year. Major attractions include white lions, white tigers and DinoPark, featuring moving life-sized sculptures of dinosaurs. Out of the 5 major zoos in Slovakia, ZOO Bratislava is the second oldest, second largest and second most visited. ZOO Bratislava was one of the first zoos in Europe that was successful in breeding Eurasian lynx in captivity.\n Links: a. Slovakia b. Europe c. White lion d. Mlynská dolina", "pos": "Question: Is the zoo located in the capital city of its country? Passage:The ZOO Bratislava () is a zoo in Bratislava, Slovakia. It is located in the area of Mlynská dolina in the borough of Karlova Ves on the slopes of the forested hills of Little Carpathians. As of 2016, the zoo has an area of out of which is open to the public, and is home to over 900 specimens of 175 animal species. The zoo receives on average 300,000 visitors annually. It is the only zoo in Bratislava, it is accessible by car with a dedicated parking lot or by public transport (bus stop ZOO) and it is open every day of the year. Major attractions include white lions, white tigers and DinoPark, featuring moving life-sized sculptures of dinosaurs. Out of the 5 major zoos in Slovakia, ZOO Bratislava is the second oldest, second largest and second most visited. ZOO Bratislava was one of the first zoos in Europe that was successful in breeding Eurasian lynx in captivity.\n Links: a. Little Carpathians b. Public transport in Bratislava c. Bratislava d. Karlova Ves", "neg": "Question: What is the difference in population between the country and the city that the zoo is located in? Passage:The ZOO Bratislava () is a zoo in Bratislava, Slovakia. It is located in the area of Mlynská dolina in the borough of Karlova Ves on the slopes of the forested hills of Little Carpathians. As of 2016, the zoo has an area of out of which is open to the public, and is home to over 900 specimens of 175 animal species. The zoo receives on average 300,000 visitors annually. It is the only zoo in Bratislava, it is accessible by car with a dedicated parking lot or by public transport (bus stop ZOO) and it is open every day of the year. Major attractions include white lions, white tigers and DinoPark, featuring moving life-sized sculptures of dinosaurs. Out of the 5 major zoos in Slovakia, ZOO Bratislava is the second oldest, second largest and second most visited. ZOO Bratislava was one of the first zoos in Europe that was successful in breeding Eurasian lynx in captivity.\n Links: a. Slovakia b. Biological specimen c. White tiger d. Zoo", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}56{"query": "Question: What was the age of the oldest member (besides Stephanie) of the group representing Armenia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2015? Passage:In February 2015 she was announced as a member of the music group Genealogy (made up of singers from Armenia and the Armenian diaspora) that represented Armenia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2015. Stephanie Topalian represents the Asian continent in the formation whereas the Ethiopian Vahe Tilbian represents Africa, the American Tamar Kaprelian the American continent, the French Essaï Altounian the European continent and the Australian Mary-Jean O'Doherty Basmadjian Oceania and Inga Arshakyan Armenia. The super group sang \"Face the Shadow\", the Armenian entry to the 2015 Eurovision Song Contest in Vienna, Austria. She became an Armenian citizen along with the other foreign members of Genealogy on 28 April 2015 after being given Armenian passports by President Serzh Sargsyan.\n Links: a. Eurovision Song Contest 2015 b. Armenian passport c. Vahe Tilbian d. Tamar Kaprelian", "pos": "Question: How old is the person that Tuncel joined a hunger strike with in 2018? Passage:She was born in Yazıhan and studied cartography and land surveying in Mersin University, before beginning her political career through the Women's Branch of the Party of People's Democracy (HADEP) in 1998. She was vice co-chairperson and Istanbul deputy of the Democratic Society Party (DTP), which she helped to found. She has also worked with international organizations such as UNDP and Amnesty International. She was arrested on 5 November 2006 for alleged membership in the PKK But after she ran as an independent candidate within the Thousand Hopes alliance for the parliamentary elections from prison and after winning a seat in Istanbul with 93,000 votes, was released from custody in July 2007. She was elected to the Turkish Parliament from prison to the surprise of many. In 2013 she was elected Co-Chair of the HDP together with Ertuğrul Kürkçü. In May 2016 she was elected Co-Chair of the Democratic Regions Party (DBP) together with Kamuran Yüksek. On 4 October 2016 she was taken into custody and arrested in November 2016. According to the International Law Bureau the prosecution demands 130 years of imprisonment for terror related charges due to her membership in the legal party Democratic Society Party and 16 statements and speeches she made during meetings and press conferences she held before meetings of the DBP. On the 5 January 2018 she got sentenced to 2 years and three months in prison. On 1 December 2018 she joined Leyla Güven in her hunger strike. In February 2019 she got sentenced to 15 years in prison for being a member of a terrorist organization and making propaganda for a terrorist organization.\n Links: a. Democratic Regions Party b. Amnesty International c. Leyla Güven d. United Nations Development Programme", "neg": "Question: In what city was the singer in Genealogy representing the American continent born? Passage:In February 2015 she was announced as a member of the music group Genealogy (made up of singers from Armenia and the Armenian diaspora) that represented Armenia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2015. Stephanie Topalian represents the Asian continent in the formation whereas the Ethiopian Vahe Tilbian represents Africa, the American Tamar Kaprelian the American continent, the French Essaï Altounian the European continent and the Australian Mary-Jean O'Doherty Basmadjian Oceania and Inga Arshakyan Armenia. The super group sang \"Face the Shadow\", the Armenian entry to the 2015 Eurovision Song Contest in Vienna, Austria. She became an Armenian citizen along with the other foreign members of Genealogy on 28 April 2015 after being given Armenian passports by President Serzh Sargsyan.\n Links: a. Eurovision Song Contest 2015 b. Tamar Kaprelian c. Armenian diaspora d. Essaï Altounian", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}57{"query": "Question: How old was the 2012 Skate America Silver Medalist when she won that award? Passage:Mitchell currently works as a coach with former Swedish national champion Peter Johansson at the Skating Club of Boston. Their students include 2012 Skate America Silver Medalist Christina Gao, 2007 World Junior champion Stephen Carriere, 2008 Eastern Sectional champion Katrina Hacker, 2007 US National junior pewter medalist Curran Oi, 2007 Eastern Sectional champion Kylie Gleason, two time Junior Grand Prix gold medalist Juliana Cannarozzo, 2008 US National junior bronze medalist Brittney Rizo, 2007 Canadian Junior Champion Dana Zhalko-Tytarenko, and 2009 US National Junior Champion Ross Miner. They formerly coached 2003 U.S. pewter medalist Scott Smith, 2007 US National silver medalist Emily Hughes, 2004 US National Junior silver medalist Jason Wong, 2003 US National Novice bronze medalist Jessica Houston, and 2003 US National Junior Champion Erica Archambault.\n Links: a. Emily Hughes b. Christina Gao c. Scott Smith (figure skater) d. Curran Oi", "pos": "Question: What is the current age of the player who defeated Miskew's team at the Curlers Corner Autumn Gold Curling Classic? Passage:The 2012–13 curling season was Miskew's most successful to date on the World Curling Tour. In her first Grand Slam event of the season, the 2012 Curlers Corner Autumn Gold Curling Classic, her team lost to Sherry Middaugh in the final. In the second Grand Slam event of the season, the 2012 Manitoba Lotteries Women's Curling Classic, the Homan rink once again lost in the final, this time to Stefanie Lawton. The team lost in the semi-final of the third Slam, the 2012 Colonial Square Ladies Classic but followed it up with their first ever Grand Slam victory at the 2012 Masters of Curling where she beat Chelsea Carey in the final. Outside of the Grand Slams, Miskew and her team won the 2nd Royal LePage OVCA Women's Fall Classic. Later in the season, they qualified for her second Scotties Tournament of Hearts by going undefeated at the 2013 Ontario Scotties Tournament of Hearts. The Homan rink tore through the competition representing Ontario at the 2013 Scotties Tournament of Hearts in Kingston, Ontario. The team lost just one game, to Manitoba's Jennifer Jones. This gave the rink a 10–1 record, 2nd behind Manitoba who went undefeated. However in their first playoff game against Jones, the Homan rink made amends by defeating Jones 8–5. This put the Homan team in the final, where they faced Jones once again, and this time would beat them again, by a score of 9–6. With the win, the Homan rink becomes the first Ottawa-based team to win the Canadian women's curling championship. The win earned Miskew and her team the right to represent Canada at the 2013 World Women's Curling Championship in Riga, Latvia. At the World championships, the Homan rink led Canada to an 8–3 round robin finish, which put them in third place. In the playoffs, they beat the United States (skipped by Erika Brown) in the 3 vs. 4 game, but they then lost to Scotland (skipped by Eve Muirhead in the semi-final, after Homan missed her last shot of the game, jamming a double takeout. After the loss, Homan would go on to beat the Americans once again, this time in the bronze medal game. The Homan rink wrapped up the season by losing in the quarter final of the 2013 Players' Championship.\n Links: a. 2012 The Masters Grand Slam of Curling b. Sherry Middaugh c. 2012 Manitoba Lotteries Women's Curling Classic d. Erika Brown", "neg": "Question: How many years passed between the two times that the Junior Grand Prix gold medalist won her awards? Passage:Mitchell currently works as a coach with former Swedish national champion Peter Johansson at the Skating Club of Boston. Their students include 2012 Skate America Silver Medalist Christina Gao, 2007 World Junior champion Stephen Carriere, 2008 Eastern Sectional champion Katrina Hacker, 2007 US National junior pewter medalist Curran Oi, 2007 Eastern Sectional champion Kylie Gleason, two time Junior Grand Prix gold medalist Juliana Cannarozzo, 2008 US National junior bronze medalist Brittney Rizo, 2007 Canadian Junior Champion Dana Zhalko-Tytarenko, and 2009 US National Junior Champion Ross Miner. They formerly coached 2003 U.S. pewter medalist Scott Smith, 2007 US National silver medalist Emily Hughes, 2004 US National Junior silver medalist Jason Wong, 2003 US National Novice bronze medalist Jessica Houston, and 2003 US National Junior Champion Erica Archambault.\n Links: a. Juliana Cannarozzo b. Jessica Houston c. Ross Miner d. Christina Gao", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}58{"query": "Question: Did Graham Clark attend elementary school and high school in New Jersey? Passage:Graham Clarke was born in Holy Name Medical Center in Teaneck, New Jersey on July 11, 1970. Clarke's parents, Lorain Maria Clarke (née Meola), a homemaker, and Thomas Michael \"Moose\" Clarke, a stockbroker were married in 1960 and had three children before Graham: Thomas in 1961, Dennis in 1962, and Martin in 1965. He spent the first seven years of his life in a split-level home in Dumont, New Jersey. He was frequently in the room when his older brother Tommy would have guitar lessons with musician Bob Berger. Bob noted one time when a screaming Graham had scarlet fever \"That boy's screaming on key! That's a C note.\" Such exposure to music had an obvious influence on him and there is an oft-told family story that claims the first song Graham ever learned to sing was \"Me and Julio Down by the Schoolyard,\" a popular song Tommy was learning on the guitar at the time. At the age of seven, his family moved one town over to Oradell, where he attended St. Joseph Grammar School, and later Bergen Catholic High School. Neither school had a music program so Graham taught himself how to play the guitar using his brother's old fake books.\n Links: a. Scarlet fever b. Split-level home c. Popular music d. Grammar school", "pos": "Question: What city did Giacomo Knox attend preparatory school in? Passage:Giacomo (birth name James) was born to James and Doris Knox on August 1, 1969 in Newark, NJ and along with his sister Angela, the family also resided in Newark, NJ. The Knoxes had a troubled marriage and an acrimonious divorce, which would impact Giacomo for many years to come. His mother moved to Seattle, Washington in 1976 to start a new life. Giacomo was a terribly shy child and often withdrew to television and early attempts at creative writing. The eruption of Mt. Saint Helens in 1980 and his mother's homesickness, sent the family eastward to Fort Wayne, Indiana, and finally back to New Jersey in 1981. Still painfully shy, he further withdrew into himself, writing volumes of poetry and mastering English grammar. He graduated from grammar school at age 12 and began attending Seton Hall Preparatory School in 1982. Giacomo ran track for three years, but his love for writing and acting eclipsed his athletic abilities. He appeared as Yeoman Herbert Quayle in the school's spring musical South Pacific. He graduated from The Prep in 1986 at the age of 16, then started classes at Seton Hall University one week later. He graduated from Seton Hall University in 1992 with a B.A. in English/Film/Theater. Giacomo was raised as a Roman Catholic, but has since converted to the Natzarim faith of Yahushua the Messiah.\n Links: a. Catholic Church b. Catholic Church c. Seton Hall University d. Seton Hall Preparatory School", "neg": "Question: Who wrote the first song that Graham Clark learned to sing? Passage:Graham Clarke was born in Holy Name Medical Center in Teaneck, New Jersey on July 11, 1970. Clarke's parents, Lorain Maria Clarke (née Meola), a homemaker, and Thomas Michael \"Moose\" Clarke, a stockbroker were married in 1960 and had three children before Graham: Thomas in 1961, Dennis in 1962, and Martin in 1965. He spent the first seven years of his life in a split-level home in Dumont, New Jersey. He was frequently in the room when his older brother Tommy would have guitar lessons with musician Bob Berger. Bob noted one time when a screaming Graham had scarlet fever \"That boy's screaming on key! That's a C note.\" Such exposure to music had an obvious influence on him and there is an oft-told family story that claims the first song Graham ever learned to sing was \"Me and Julio Down by the Schoolyard,\" a popular song Tommy was learning on the guitar at the time. At the age of seven, his family moved one town over to Oradell, where he attended St. Joseph Grammar School, and later Bergen Catholic High School. Neither school had a music program so Graham taught himself how to play the guitar using his brother's old fake books.\n Links: a. Guitar b. Music education c. Me and Julio Down by the Schoolyard d. Guitar", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}59{"query": "Question: In what city and country was the  Jagdgeschwader 77 based? Passage:Born in Cologne-Lindenthal, Reinert volunteered for military service in the National Socialist Luftwaffe in 1938. Following flight training, he was posted to Jagdgeschwader 77 (JG 77—77th Fighter Wing). He fought in Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union, and claimed his first aerial victory on 8 August 1941. He received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross following his 53rd aerial victory. Accumulating further victories, he surpassed the century mark in October 1942 for which he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves. In November 1942, his unit was transferred to the Mediterranean theatre in support of the Afrika Korps. There, Reinert claimed 51 victories against the Western Allies. In August 1943, he was appointed Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of 1. Staffel (1st squadron) of JG 77, and in February 1944 the 8. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 27 (JG 27—27th Fighter Wing) based in France. Reinert was then appointed Gruppenkommandeur (group commander) of IV. Gruppe (4th group) of JG 27 and, credited with 174 aerial victories, received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords on 30 January 1945. He then received conversion training to the then new Messerschmitt Me 262 jet fighter and was posted to Jagdgeschwader 7 (JG 7—7th Fighter Wing), an all-jet fighter wing.\n Links: a. Jagdgeschwader b. Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross c. Jagdgeschwader 27 d. Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross", "pos": "Question: How long did Reinert serve with the Jagdgeschwader 7? Passage:Born in Cologne-Lindenthal, Reinert volunteered for military service in the National Socialist Luftwaffe in 1938. Following flight training, he was posted to Jagdgeschwader 77 (JG 77—77th Fighter Wing). He fought in Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union, and claimed his first aerial victory on 8 August 1941. He received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross following his 53rd aerial victory. Accumulating further victories, he surpassed the century mark in October 1942 for which he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves. In November 1942, his unit was transferred to the Mediterranean theatre in support of the Afrika Korps. There, Reinert claimed 51 victories against the Western Allies. In August 1943, he was appointed Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of 1. Staffel (1st squadron) of JG 77, and in February 1944 the 8. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 27 (JG 27—27th Fighter Wing) based in France. Reinert was then appointed Gruppenkommandeur (group commander) of IV. Gruppe (4th group) of JG 27 and, credited with 174 aerial victories, received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords on 30 January 1945. He then received conversion training to the then new Messerschmitt Me 262 jet fighter and was posted to Jagdgeschwader 7 (JG 7—7th Fighter Wing), an all-jet fighter wing.\n Links: a. Jagdgeschwader b. Operation Barbarossa c. Lindenthal, Cologne d. Organization of the Luftwaffe (1933–45)", "neg": "Question: When was the province where Wolf-Dietrich Wilcke was born established? Passage:Born in Schrimm in the Province of Posen, Wilcke volunteered for military service in the Reichswehr of the Third Reich in 1934. Initially serving in the Heer (Army), he transferred to the Luftwaffe (Air Force) in 1935. Following flight training, he was posted to Jagdgeschwader \"Richthofen\" (Fighter Wing \"Richthofen\") in April 1936. After an assignment as fighter pilot instructor he volunteered for service with the Condor Legion during the Spanish Civil War in early 1939. After his return from Spain, he was appointed Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of the 7. Staffel (7th squadron) of Jagdgeschwader 53 (JG 53—53rd Fighter Wing). Following the outbreak of World War II, he claimed his first aerial victory on 7 November 1939. On 18 May 1940, during the Battle of France, he was shot down and taken prisoner of war. After the armistice with France, he returned from captivity and was appointed Gruppenkommandeur (group commander) of the III. Gruppe (3rd group) of JG 53 during the Battle of Britain, claiming 10 victories over England.\n Links: a. Jagdgeschwader 53 b. Province of Posen c. Province of Posen d. Nazi Germany", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}60{"query": "Question: How big is the county with the oldest southern diner? Passage:In the U.S., the northernmost is Martha's Diner in Coventry, Vermont. The Miss Wakefield, originally Pat & Bob's in Albany, New York, was built in 1949, rescued from a junkyard there, and trucked to a new home in Sanbornville, New Hampshire. The Summit Diner, a 1938 model, is located in Summit, New Jersey. The oldest Southern diner (non–stainless steel style) is believed to be the Hillsville Diner in Carroll County, Virginia. The Triangle Diner, a 1948 stainless steel O'Mahony original model, is located in the old town of Winchester, Virginia, and is being historically restored to how it appeared in 1948. The Triangle Diner is the oldest stainless steel style O'Mahony diner in Virginia. In 2007 Tommy's Deluxe Diner was moved from Middletown, Rhode Island, to Oakley, Utah, where it opened as the Road Island Diner. One of the original ones displayed at the 1939 New York World's Fair, made by Paramount Diners, is still in operation as the White Mana in Jersey City. Also in Jersey City is the Miss America, a 1942 classic stainless steel model, located next to the New Jersey City University campus. The Shawmut Diner of New Bedford, Massachusetts was donated by its owners to the Bristol County House of Corrections in Dartmouth, Massachusetts and will serve as a training facility for inmates. TJ's (formerly the Point Diner) in Tamaqua, Pennsylvania is a 1940 O’Mahony diner, although its exterior has been renovated and no longer has the stainless metal-look exterior. The diner is located within the Tamaqua Historic District.\n Links: a. Tamaqua, Pennsylvania b. Summit Diner c. Oakley, Utah d. Carroll County, Virginia", "pos": "Question: What is the length of Interstate 465? Passage:Edward J. DeBartolo Corporation formed a joint venture with Homart Development Company, a shopping mall development subsidiary of the department store chain Sears, to begin development on Castleton Square in 1971. DeBartolo announced the mall's development in January of that year and began groundbreaking soon afterward. The original plans called for a Y-shaped enclosed mall with three anchor stores: Sears, J. C. Penney, and Rike Kumler Co. (Rike's), a department store chain based out of Dayton, Ohio. The mall would be situated on 82nd Street just outside the Interstate 465 beltway within the Castleton neighborhood on the northeastern side of Indianapolis. It was the second of three malls built by DeBartolo as a part of its expansion into Indianapolis, following Lafayette Square Mall in 1968 and preceding Washington Square Mall in 1974. The company chose to build on the northeastern side of the Indianapolis metropolitan area, as the area was projected for further suburban growth in the intervening years. Similarly, research conducted by Sears showed a trend in residential growth to the city's northeast side, thus creating a market which the chain deemed suitable for a new store. To accommodate for mall traffic, the Indiana Department of Transportation expanded 82nd Street to a four-lane divided highway. Federated Department Stores (now Macy's, Inc.), then-owners of the Rike's chain, confirmed that the third anchor of Castleton Square would instead be Lazarus, a Columbus, Ohio-based chain then also under their ownership. Also confirmed as tenants for the mall by 1972 were a Kroger supermarket, an F. W. Woolworth Company dime store, and a three-screen movie theater. Inline tenants would include Robert Hall Clothes, Hickory Farms, Kinney Shoes, Zales Jewelers, Waldenbooks, and Orange Julius.\n Links: a. Edward J. DeBartolo Sr. b. Washington Square Mall (Indianapolis) c. Castleton, Indianapolis d. Interstate 465", "neg": "Question: Which of the nearby counties of the \"Tennessee Valley\"  has the largest population?  Passage:According to the United States Census 2013 estimate, the combined statistical area has a population of 1,313,105. It is the 42nd largest population sub-region in the United States, and the largest population region in Alabama, constituting roughly 1/4 of the state's population. It is the largest population region in Central Alabama. The northern counties of the metropolitan area overlap North Alabama known locally as the \"Tennessee Valley\" making it the largest metropolitan area in that region as well. Nearby counties Tuscaloosa, Etowah, and Calhoun, while not officially a part of Greater Birmingham, contribute significantly to the region's economy. The Birmingham media market covers these counties as well. Birmingham is part of the Piedmont Atlantic Megaregion containing an estimated 19 million people, while many residents also consider themselves part of the Deep South. It is classified as Southeast by the U.S. Census and also falls in the geographic area of the Upland South due to its location at the southern terminus of the Appalachian foothills. The entire MSA and CSA are within the congressional Appalachian Regional Commission's definition of Appalachia.\n Links: a. Tuscaloosa County, Alabama b. Appalachia c. Southeastern United States d. Piedmont Atlantic Megaregion", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}61{"query": "Question: In what country did Hermes study? Passage:From 1931, Hermes studied mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology and philosophy at the University of Freiburg. In 1937 he passed the state examination in Münster and was attending there in 1938 when the physicist Adolf Kratzer was present. After that he went on a scholarship to the University of Göttingen and then became an assistant at the University of Bonn. During World War II he was a soldier on the Channel Island of Jersey until 1943 and then on to the Chemical Physics Institute of the Navy in Kiel. At the end of the war he moved to Toplitzsee, where he was tasked with working on new encryption methods. In 1947, he became a lecturer at the University of Bonn where he took his habilitation, his thesis called Analytical manifolds in Riemannian areas. In 1949 he became a Professor at the University of Münster, where he turned back to the subject of mathematical logic.\n Links: a. University of Münster b. Education in Germany c. University of Freiburg d. Adolf Kratzer", "pos": "Question: Who was older when Heitler obtained his doctorate, Arnold Sommerfeld or Karl Herzfeld? Passage:In 1922, Heitler began his study of physics at the Karlsruhe Technische Hochschule, in 1923 at the Humboldt University of Berlin, and in 1924 at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), where he studied under both Arnold Sommerfeld and Karl Herzfeld. The latter was his thesis advisor when he obtained his doctorate in 1926; Herzfeld taught courses in theoretical physics and one in physical chemistry, and in Sommerfeld's absence often took over his classes. From 1926 to 1927, he was a Rockefeller Foundation Fellow for postgraduate research with Niels Bohr at the Institute for Theoretical Physics at the University of Copenhagen and with Erwin Schrödinger at the University of Zurich. He then became an assistant to Max Born at the Institute for Theoretical Physics at the University of Göttingen. Heitler completed his Habilitation, under Born, in 1929, and then remained as a Privatdozent until 1933. In that year, he was let go by the university because he was Jewish.\n Links: a. University of Göttingen b. Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich c. Arnold Sommerfeld d. Arnold Sommerfeld", "neg": "Question: When did Hans Hermes begin working on encryption methods? Passage:From 1931, Hermes studied mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology and philosophy at the University of Freiburg. In 1937 he passed the state examination in Münster and was attending there in 1938 when the physicist Adolf Kratzer was present. After that he went on a scholarship to the University of Göttingen and then became an assistant at the University of Bonn. During World War II he was a soldier on the Channel Island of Jersey until 1943 and then on to the Chemical Physics Institute of the Navy in Kiel. At the end of the war he moved to Toplitzsee, where he was tasked with working on new encryption methods. In 1947, he became a lecturer at the University of Bonn where he took his habilitation, his thesis called Analytical manifolds in Riemannian areas. In 1949 he became a Professor at the University of Münster, where he turned back to the subject of mathematical logic.\n Links: a. Lake Toplitz b. World War II c. Lake Toplitz d. University of Freiburg", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}62{"query": "Question: Was Stef the winner in the race where he finished on three wheels? Passage:He was replaced at Ferrari by Austrian Gerhard Berger for and he moved to McLaren as number two driver behind double and reigning World Champion Alain Prost. McLaren weren't as competitive in 1987 as they had been in 1984–1986, with Prost only adding three wins to his tally (and beating the record of 27 Grand Prix wins held by Jackie Stewart with his 28th win in Portugal) and failing to successfully defend his Drivers' Championship. Further podium finishes did follow for the Swede and Johansson finished sixth in the Drivers' Championship. Stefan Johansson's position at McLaren was considered by many as just a stop gap signing by team boss Ron Dennis who had failed to lure Ayrton Senna from Lotus due to him being under contract until the end of 1987 and always intended signing the Brazilian for . Johansson famously finished the 1987 German Grand Prix on three wheels having had a puncture on the last lap. He also finished second behind Prost in Belgium and added further podium finishes in Brazil, Spain and Japan. Despite 11 podiums in three seasons, Johansson was still winless and was not wanted by a top team (he had hoped to join Williams in 1988 as a replacement for the departing 1987 World Champion Nelson Piquet but Williams signed Riccardo Patrese instead). He did return to McLaren in a test-driver capacity in 1991, testing the Honda V12 engine at Suzuka in Japan.\n Links: a. 1987 Brazilian Grand Prix b. 1987 Japanese Grand Prix c. 1987 Belgian Grand Prix d. 1987 German Grand Prix", "pos": "Question: Did McLaren's reigning champion driver come from the same country as the Ferrari driver who replaced Stefan? Passage:He was replaced at Ferrari by Austrian Gerhard Berger for and he moved to McLaren as number two driver behind double and reigning World Champion Alain Prost. McLaren weren't as competitive in 1987 as they had been in 1984–1986, with Prost only adding three wins to his tally (and beating the record of 27 Grand Prix wins held by Jackie Stewart with his 28th win in Portugal) and failing to successfully defend his Drivers' Championship. Further podium finishes did follow for the Swede and Johansson finished sixth in the Drivers' Championship. Stefan Johansson's position at McLaren was considered by many as just a stop gap signing by team boss Ron Dennis who had failed to lure Ayrton Senna from Lotus due to him being under contract until the end of 1987 and always intended signing the Brazilian for . Johansson famously finished the 1987 German Grand Prix on three wheels having had a puncture on the last lap. He also finished second behind Prost in Belgium and added further podium finishes in Brazil, Spain and Japan. Despite 11 podiums in three seasons, Johansson was still winless and was not wanted by a top team (he had hoped to join Williams in 1988 as a replacement for the departing 1987 World Champion Nelson Piquet but Williams signed Riccardo Patrese instead). He did return to McLaren in a test-driver capacity in 1991, testing the Honda V12 engine at Suzuka in Japan.\n Links: a. Brazil b. 1987 Belgian Grand Prix c. Japan d. Gerhard Berger", "neg": "Question: Did the person who replaced Johansson at Ferrari come in first place in any Grand Prix races after 1987? Passage:He was replaced at Ferrari by Austrian Gerhard Berger for and he moved to McLaren as number two driver behind double and reigning World Champion Alain Prost. McLaren weren't as competitive in 1987 as they had been in 1984–1986, with Prost only adding three wins to his tally (and beating the record of 27 Grand Prix wins held by Jackie Stewart with his 28th win in Portugal) and failing to successfully defend his Drivers' Championship. Further podium finishes did follow for the Swede and Johansson finished sixth in the Drivers' Championship. Stefan Johansson's position at McLaren was considered by many as just a stop gap signing by team boss Ron Dennis who had failed to lure Ayrton Senna from Lotus due to him being under contract until the end of 1987 and always intended signing the Brazilian for . Johansson famously finished the 1987 German Grand Prix on three wheels having had a puncture on the last lap. He also finished second behind Prost in Belgium and added further podium finishes in Brazil, Spain and Japan. Despite 11 podiums in three seasons, Johansson was still winless and was not wanted by a top team (he had hoped to join Williams in 1988 as a replacement for the departing 1987 World Champion Nelson Piquet but Williams signed Riccardo Patrese instead). He did return to McLaren in a test-driver capacity in 1991, testing the Honda V12 engine at Suzuka in Japan.\n Links: a. Gerhard Berger b. Riccardo Patrese c. Gerhard Berger d. 1987 Brazilian Grand Prix", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}63{"query": "Question: Was James Connolly born before or after the establishment of Hibernian F.C.? Passage:The club was founded in 1875 by Irishmen living in the Cowgate area of Edinburgh. Its name is derived from Hibernia, an ancient name for Ireland. James Connolly, the famous socialist and Irish Republican leader, was a Hibs fan, while the club were \"closely identified\" with the Irish Home Rule Movement during the 1880s. There was some sectarian resistance initially to an Irish club participating in Scottish football, but Hibs established themselves as a force in Scottish football in the 1880s. Hibs were the first club from the east coast of Scotland to win a major trophy, the 1887 Scottish Cup. They went on to defeat Preston North End, who had reached the semi-finals of the 1887 FA Cup, in a friendly match described as the Association Football Championship of the World Decider.\n Links: a. Edinburgh b. James Connolly c. Preston North End F.C. d. Irish republicanism", "pos": "Question: Was the player who McClean assisted for the opening goal against Queens Park Rangers born in England? Passage:McClean made his first start for Sunderland in their 1–0 victory over Manchester City on 1 January 2012, and scored his first senior goal for the Black Cats in a 4–1 win against Wigan Athletic two days later; on 8 January, he scored and assisted Sebastian Larsson in a 2–0 win at Peterborough United in the third round of the FA Cup. McClean provided the assist for Stéphane Sessègnon's opening goal in Sunderland's 2–0 victory over Swansea City on 21 January, and got another assist in the equalising goal for Fraizer Campbell in the next round of the cup against Middlesbrough on 29 January. Ahead of the replay for that fixture, Middlesbrough manager Tony Mowbray used McClean as an example for young players to follow. McClean turned provider again in Sunderland's 3–0 victory over Norwich City, assisting Sessègnon's goal, then scored the only goal in a win over Stoke City on 4 February in snowy conditions at the Britannia Stadium. A week later, he opened the scoring in Sunderland's 2–1 home loss to Arsenal after Per Mertesacker injured himself. On 23 March, Sunderland announced that McClean had signed a new contract intended to force him to stay at the club until the summer of 2015. A day later, he helped them to a 3–1 victory over relegation-threatened Queens Park Rangers by assisting the opening goal for Nicklas Bendtner and later scoring by himself. McClean won Sunderland's Young Player of the Year Award, at the end of the 2011–12 season.\n Links: a. Manchester City F.C. b. Nicklas Bendtner c. Norwich City F.C. d. 2011–12 FA Cup", "neg": "Question: Who had a longer club history when Hibernian met Preston North End in the semi-finals of FA Cup? Passage:The club was founded in 1875 by Irishmen living in the Cowgate area of Edinburgh. Its name is derived from Hibernia, an ancient name for Ireland. James Connolly, the famous socialist and Irish Republican leader, was a Hibs fan, while the club were \"closely identified\" with the Irish Home Rule Movement during the 1880s. There was some sectarian resistance initially to an Irish club participating in Scottish football, but Hibs established themselves as a force in Scottish football in the 1880s. Hibs were the first club from the east coast of Scotland to win a major trophy, the 1887 Scottish Cup. They went on to defeat Preston North End, who had reached the semi-finals of the 1887 FA Cup, in a friendly match described as the Association Football Championship of the World Decider.\n Links: a. James Connolly b. James Connolly c. Hibernia d. Preston North End F.C.", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}64{"query": "Question: What is the real name of the Beastie Boys member who remixed the A-side of the single \"From Her Lips to God's Ears\"? Passage:\"From Her Lips to God's Ears (The Energizer)\" is a song by the Gainesville, Florida-based punk rock band Against Me!, released as the second single from their 2005 album Searching for a Former Clarity. Like the first single \"Don't Lose Touch\", it was released exclusively on twelve-inch vinyl with a remixed version of the song as the A-side and the album version as the B-side. The A-side version was remixed by Ad-Rock of the Beastie Boys. The single was limited to 3,185 copies. The lyrics of the song address then-United States Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice on the subject of the Iraq War, with lines such as \"After all this death and destruction, do you really think your actions advocate freedom?\" and \"Condoleezza, what are we gonna do now?\"\n Links: a. Ad-Rock b. Beastie Boys c. Beastie Boys d. A-side and B-side", "pos": "Question: Did the first single form the album \"Searching for a Former Clarity\" make the Billboard top 100? Passage:\"From Her Lips to God's Ears (The Energizer)\" is a song by the Gainesville, Florida-based punk rock band Against Me!, released as the second single from their 2005 album Searching for a Former Clarity. Like the first single \"Don't Lose Touch\", it was released exclusively on twelve-inch vinyl with a remixed version of the song as the A-side and the album version as the B-side. The A-side version was remixed by Ad-Rock of the Beastie Boys. The single was limited to 3,185 copies. The lyrics of the song address then-United States Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice on the subject of the Iraq War, with lines such as \"After all this death and destruction, do you really think your actions advocate freedom?\" and \"Condoleezza, what are we gonna do now?\"\n Links: a. Don't Lose Touch b. Don't Lose Touch c. Phonograph record d. A-side and B-side", "neg": "Question: What is the real name of the DJ who Lil Jon collaborated with on \"Turn Down For What\"? Passage:Jonathan Smith (born January 17, 1971), known professionally as Lil Jon, is an American rapper, songwriter, record producer and DJ based in Atlanta, Georgia. He was the lead frontman of the multi-platinum selling rap group, Lil Jon & The East Side Boyz and was instrumental in the emergence of the sub hip/hop genre Crunk. He is credited with bringing the genre into mainstream success, producing Top 10 Billboard Hot 100 singles \"Get Low,\" \"Goodies,\" \"Cyclone,\" \"Freek-a-Leek,\" and \"Yeah!\" \"Yeah!\" won a Grammy Award for Best Rap/Sung Performance. Lil Jon is also a frequent collaborator with friend and fellow rapper Pitbull. In 2013, Lil Jon collaborated with DJ Snake and released the EDM multi-platinum hit, \"Turn Down For What,\" that won Billboard Music Award for Top Dance/Electronic Song. The music video for the single, released in 2014, was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Music Video, and has been viewed over 900 million times on YouTube as of October 2019. As of 2016, Lil Jon is listed as one of the Top Billboard Music Award Winners of All Time.\n Links: a. Electronic dance music b. DJ Snake c. Billboard Hot 100 d. Billboard Hot 100", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}65{"query": "Question: Which of the featured stops Grouplove made throughout their sold-out headline tour has the highest average attendance? Passage:The band released its debut album, Never Trust a Happy Song, on September 13, 2011 through Canvasback/Atlantic Records. They released 4 singles from the album – Colours (which was featured on FIFA 12, albeit as the Captain Cuts remix), \"Tongue Tied\" (which went on to score the band a no. 1 on the US Alternative Chart and featured in several commercials (including one for Apple, and one for Coca-Cola) and an episode of Fox's Glee) Lovely Cup and Itchin On A Photograph. In support of their debut album, the band went on a headlining North American Fall tour and also performed with Two Door Cinema Club as their main support. In December, the band performed at KROQ Almost Acoustic Christmas, which takes place at the Gibson Amphitheatre, in Universal City. On January 3, 2012 the band kicked off their sold-out headline tour in Australia at the Factory Theatre in Sydney and continued their tour in Europe in February. The band began their US Spring 2012 tour on March 6 in Burlington, VT in support of Young The Giant. Throughout the sold-out headline tour the band had featured stops at Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival, Sasquatch! Music Festival, and Bonnaroo Music and Arts Festival.\n Links: a. Sydney b. Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival c. Tongue Tied (Grouplove song) d. Atlantic Records", "pos": "Question: How many members were in the band Grouplove performed with as their main support while on a North American Fall tour? Passage:The band released its debut album, Never Trust a Happy Song, on September 13, 2011 through Canvasback/Atlantic Records. They released 4 singles from the album – Colours (which was featured on FIFA 12, albeit as the Captain Cuts remix), \"Tongue Tied\" (which went on to score the band a no. 1 on the US Alternative Chart and featured in several commercials (including one for Apple, and one for Coca-Cola) and an episode of Fox's Glee) Lovely Cup and Itchin On A Photograph. In support of their debut album, the band went on a headlining North American Fall tour and also performed with Two Door Cinema Club as their main support. In December, the band performed at KROQ Almost Acoustic Christmas, which takes place at the Gibson Amphitheatre, in Universal City. On January 3, 2012 the band kicked off their sold-out headline tour in Australia at the Factory Theatre in Sydney and continued their tour in Europe in February. The band began their US Spring 2012 tour on March 6 in Burlington, VT in support of Young The Giant. Throughout the sold-out headline tour the band had featured stops at Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival, Sasquatch! Music Festival, and Bonnaroo Music and Arts Festival.\n Links: a. Universal City, California b. Two Door Cinema Club c. Sasquatch! Music Festival d. Never Trust a Happy Song", "neg": "Question: Which state did Grouplove perform in December before their sold-out headline tour in Australia? Passage:The band released its debut album, Never Trust a Happy Song, on September 13, 2011 through Canvasback/Atlantic Records. They released 4 singles from the album – Colours (which was featured on FIFA 12, albeit as the Captain Cuts remix), \"Tongue Tied\" (which went on to score the band a no. 1 on the US Alternative Chart and featured in several commercials (including one for Apple, and one for Coca-Cola) and an episode of Fox's Glee) Lovely Cup and Itchin On A Photograph. In support of their debut album, the band went on a headlining North American Fall tour and also performed with Two Door Cinema Club as their main support. In December, the band performed at KROQ Almost Acoustic Christmas, which takes place at the Gibson Amphitheatre, in Universal City. On January 3, 2012 the band kicked off their sold-out headline tour in Australia at the Factory Theatre in Sydney and continued their tour in Europe in February. The band began their US Spring 2012 tour on March 6 in Burlington, VT in support of Young The Giant. Throughout the sold-out headline tour the band had featured stops at Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival, Sasquatch! Music Festival, and Bonnaroo Music and Arts Festival.\n Links: a. Nationals (Glee) b. Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival c. Sydney d. Universal City, California", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}66{"query": "Question: How old was Brittany Spears' manager in 1997? Passage:In June 1997, Spears was in talks with manager Lou Pearlman to join female pop group Innosense. Lynne asked family friend and entertainment lawyer Larry Rudolph for his opinion and submitted a tape of Spears singing over a Whitney Houston karaoke song along with some pictures. Rudolph decided to pitch her to record labels, which required a professional demo. He sent Spears an unused song from Toni Braxton; she rehearsed for a week and recorded in a studio with a sound engineer. Spears traveled to New York with the demo and met executives from four labels, returning to Kentwood the same day. Three rejected her, arguing audiences wanted pop bands such as the Backstreet Boys and the Spice Girls, and \"there wasn't going to be another Madonna, another Debbie Gibson or another Tiffany.\" Two weeks later, executives from Jive Records returned calls to Rudolph. Senior vice president of A&R Jeff Fenster stated, \"It's very rare to hear someone that age who can deliver emotional content and commercial appeal. [...] For any artist, the motivation—the 'eye of the tiger'— is extremely important. And Britney had that.\" They appointed her to work with producer Eric Foster White for a month, who reportedly shaped her voice from \"lower and less poppy\" delivery to \"distinctively, unmistakably Britney.\" Spears recorded thirteen songs with White, including \"Autumn Goodbye\", \"E-Mail My Heart\", \"From the Bottom of My Broken Heart\", \"I'm So Curious\", \"I Will Still Love You\", \"Luv The Hurt Away\", \"Let Me Take You There\", \"Soda Pop\", \"Thinkin' About You\", \"Nothing Less Than Real\", \"Wishing on a Falling Star\" and \"You Got It All\". The singer also recorded a cover of Sonny & Cher's 1967 single \"The Beat Goes On\". White was responsible for the vocal recording and song production, while additional production was done by English electronic music group All Seeing I.\n Links: a. Spice Girls b. Lou Pearlman c. Demo (music) d. Tiffany Darwish", "pos": "Question: Where is the person from who Britney Spears was thinking about imitating? Passage:Before recording her debut album, Spears had originally envisioned it in the style of \"Sheryl Crow music, but younger [and] more adult contemporary\". However, the singer agreed with her label's appointment of producers, who had the objective to reach a teen public at the time. She flew to Cheiron Studios in Stockholm, Sweden, where half of the album was recorded the spring of 1998, with producers Max Martin, Denniz Pop and Rami Yacoub, among others. \"Sometimes\" was written by Jörgen Elofsson, and produced by Per Magnusson and David Kreuger. Spears recorded the vocals for the song in May 1998, at Cheiron Studios in Stockholm, Sweden. It was also mixed at Cheiron Studios by Martin. Esbjörn Öhrwall played the acoustic guitar, while bass guitar was done by Thomas Lindberg. Keyboards and programming was done by Kreuger, and additional keyboards by Magnusson. Background vocals were provided by Anders von Hoffsten. Spears also co-wrote and recorded a track called \"I'm So Curious\", produced by Eric Foster White, that was released as a B-side to \"Sometimes\". The track was recorded in 1997 at 4MW East Studios in New Jersey. \"Sometimes\" was released as the second single from ...Baby One More Time on April 30, 1999.\n Links: a. Cheiron Studios b. Sheryl Crow c. Max Martin d. Acoustic guitar", "neg": "Question: Who was older the year Spears gave her interview with Ryan Seacrest, Justin Timberlake or Ryan Seacrest? Passage:\"Piece of Me\" was co-written and produced by the Swedish duo Christian Karlsson and Pontus Winnberg, professionally known as Bloodshy & Avant, along with Klas Åhlund. While recording with Spears over the years, Karlsson and Winnberg often saw first-hand how her regular activities were interrupted by the paparazzi, including one experience in Hamburg which Winnberg deemed \"really scary\". For Blackout, Spears worked with them on \"Radar\", \"Freakshow\" and \"Toy Soldier\". When the album was considered to be finished, Bloodshy & Avant were persuaded by her A&R Teresa LaBarbera Whites to work on a new track. Winnberg commented that it had always been an unwritten rule not to write songs about Spears's personal life since the label rejected \"Sweet Dreams My LA Ex\", a response track to Justin Timberlake's \"Cry Me a River\". However, the duo wrote \"Piece of Me\" with Åhlund and sent it to Spears, who loved it. Bloodshy & Avant worked on the track at Bloodshy & Avant Studios in Stockholm, Sweden, and Spears recorded her vocals at Chalice Recording Studios in Los Angeles, California. Winnberg stated that Spears was extremely psyched when she came to the studio, where she recorded the song in about half an hour as she had learned the lyrics by heart in her car. \"Piece of Me\" was later mixed by Niklas Flyckt at Mandarine Studios in Stockholm. On October 31, 2007, during a radio interview with Ryan Seacrest, Spears talked about the song, saying,\n Links: a. Klas Åhlund b. Sweet Dreams My LA Ex c. Ryan Seacrest d. Klas Åhlund", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}67{"query": "Question: What is the main characteristic of the type of architecture that was gilded at St Michael's Church? Passage:The roof of the nave is painted red and is divided into squares by ribs, at whose intersections are gilded bosses of different designs. The font is located halfway down the north side of the nave. It is Victorian and consists of an octagonal gabled and crocketted bowl on an octagonal column. The wooden pulpit is massive, measuring approximately from the base to the top. To the east of the south door are churchwardens' box pews carved with Gothic details and poppyheads. They bear a brass plate dated 1770. In the nave are monuments to the memory of the Cliftons of Lytham Hall, including one to Thomas Clifton who died in 1688. A wall tablet commemorates Richard Bradkirk of Bryning Hall who died in 1813 and another monument is to Henry Rishton Buck, a lieutenant aged 27 who died at the Battle of Waterloo. Behind the altar is a folding reredos dated 1900 which was made by Kempe and moved from Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford. The brass chandelier dated 1725 was made by Brown of Wigan. The organ dates back to 1769 when it was built by Glyn Parker of Salford. Later modifications were made by R. W. Nicholson of Bradford (at an unrecorded date), by Harrison & Harrison in 1905, and by the Pendlebury Organ Company of Cleveleys in 1979. There is a ring of eight bells which were cast by Charles & George Mears at the Whitechapel Bell Foundry in 1846.\n Links: a. Battle of Waterloo b. Chandelier c. Boss (architecture) d. Pulpit", "pos": "Question: What country produces the most of the material used for the church's dressings? Passage:St Nicholas is constructed in flint, with some conglomerate and brick, and has limestone dressings. The roofs are tiled. Its plan consists of a nave, a chancel with a north vestry (previously a porch), and a west tower. The tower is wholly octagonal. In each face of the upper stage of the tower is a lancet, and there is another lancet on the west side at a lower level. The parapet is battlemented. The tower has a west doorway in Norman style, which has possibly been re-set from elsewhere in the church. It has scalloped capitals, and zig-zag decoration on the arch. Inside the upper part of the tower is a 17th-century dovecote lined with brick nesting boxes. On the south side, between the tower and the nave, is a brick stair turret. The nave windows have two lights with Decorated tracery. Between the windows on the south side is another Norman doorway, again with zig-zag decoration. The north and south walls of the chancel have two-light windows with Y-tracery, and three-light windows with Perpendicular tracery. The east window has five lights. The east gable is decorated with grotesque carvings, and above the east window is head-corbel and a blocked niche. The vestry has two-light north and south windows. In the north wall of the nave is an Early English doorway, with dog-tooth ornament. Around the church are stepped buttresses.\n Links: a. Vestry b. Gable c. Limestone d. Nave", "neg": "Question: How much water does the object hold that is located at the north side of the nave? Passage:The roof of the nave is painted red and is divided into squares by ribs, at whose intersections are gilded bosses of different designs. The font is located halfway down the north side of the nave. It is Victorian and consists of an octagonal gabled and crocketted bowl on an octagonal column. The wooden pulpit is massive, measuring approximately from the base to the top. To the east of the south door are churchwardens' box pews carved with Gothic details and poppyheads. They bear a brass plate dated 1770. In the nave are monuments to the memory of the Cliftons of Lytham Hall, including one to Thomas Clifton who died in 1688. A wall tablet commemorates Richard Bradkirk of Bryning Hall who died in 1813 and another monument is to Henry Rishton Buck, a lieutenant aged 27 who died at the Battle of Waterloo. Behind the altar is a folding reredos dated 1900 which was made by Kempe and moved from Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford. The brass chandelier dated 1725 was made by Brown of Wigan. The organ dates back to 1769 when it was built by Glyn Parker of Salford. Later modifications were made by R. W. Nicholson of Bradford (at an unrecorded date), by Harrison & Harrison in 1905, and by the Pendlebury Organ Company of Cleveleys in 1979. There is a ring of eight bells which were cast by Charles & George Mears at the Whitechapel Bell Foundry in 1846.\n Links: a. Ring of bells b. Charles Eamer Kempe c. Churchwarden d. Baptismal font", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}68{"query": "Question: What year did the Air Transport Command change its name? Passage:After World War II, the Air Force in Hawaii consisted primarily of the Air Transport Command and its successor, the Military Air Transport Service (MATS), until 1 July 1957 when Headquarters Far East Air Forces completed its move from Japan to Hawai‘i and was redesignated the Pacific Air Forces (PACAF). The 15th Air Base Wing, host unit at Hickam AFB, supported the Apollo astronauts in the 1960s and 1970s; Operation Homecoming (return of prisoners of war from Vietnam) in 1973; Operation Babylift / New Life (movement of nearly 94,000 orphans, refugees, and evacuees from Southeast Asia) in 1975; and NASA's space shuttle flights in the 1980s and 1990s. Hickam is home to the 65th Airlift Squadron which transports theater senior military leaders throughout the world in the C-37B and C-40 Clipper aircraft. In mid-2003, the 15th Air Base Wing (15 ABW) was converted to the 15th Airlift Wing (15 AW) as it prepared to beddown and fly the Air Force's newest transport aircraft, the C-17 Globemaster III. The first Hickam-based C-17 arrived in February 2006, with seven more to follow during the year. The C-17s will be flown by the 535th Airlift Squadron.\n Links: a. Boeing C-40 Clipper b. Japan c. Pacific Air Forces d. Air Transport Command", "pos": "Question: Which city and state did the 730th move to on March 25, 1968? Passage:By 1968 regular air force military airlift squadrons were operating the Lockheed C-141 Starlifter, while reserve heavy airlift units still flew the obsolete Douglas C-124 Globemaster II. As the Globemaster was retired, Air Force Reserve formed associate units with the C-141. In this program reserve units flew and maintained aircraft owned by an associated regular unit. On 25 March 1968, the 730th moved to Norton Air Force Base without aircraft as an associate of the active duty 63d Military Airlift Wing. In 1973, Air Force Reserve inactivated its reserve associate groups and the squadron was assigned directly to the 445th Military Airlift Wing. Missions the 730th has flown included humanitarian relief, aeromedical flights, and airdrops of supplies and paratroopers. In 1989, the squadron participated in Operation Just Cause, the incursion into Panama that replaced Manuel Noriega as its leader.\n Links: a. Aeromedical evacuation b. Paratrooper c. Manuel Noriega d. Norton Air Force Base", "neg": "Question: How many years after its creation did the Far East Air Forces move to Hawaii? Passage:After World War II, the Air Force in Hawaii consisted primarily of the Air Transport Command and its successor, the Military Air Transport Service (MATS), until 1 July 1957 when Headquarters Far East Air Forces completed its move from Japan to Hawai‘i and was redesignated the Pacific Air Forces (PACAF). The 15th Air Base Wing, host unit at Hickam AFB, supported the Apollo astronauts in the 1960s and 1970s; Operation Homecoming (return of prisoners of war from Vietnam) in 1973; Operation Babylift / New Life (movement of nearly 94,000 orphans, refugees, and evacuees from Southeast Asia) in 1975; and NASA's space shuttle flights in the 1980s and 1990s. Hickam is home to the 65th Airlift Squadron which transports theater senior military leaders throughout the world in the C-37B and C-40 Clipper aircraft. In mid-2003, the 15th Air Base Wing (15 ABW) was converted to the 15th Airlift Wing (15 AW) as it prepared to beddown and fly the Air Force's newest transport aircraft, the C-17 Globemaster III. The first Hickam-based C-17 arrived in February 2006, with seven more to follow during the year. The C-17s will be flown by the 535th Airlift Squadron.\n Links: a. Pacific Air Forces b. Operation Homecoming c. Operation Homecoming d. Boeing C-40 Clipper", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}69{"query": "Question: What is the crime rate of the city that Walsh lived in during his time in Australia? Passage:William \"Billy\" Walsh (31 May 1921 – 28 July 2006), also referred to as Willie Walsh, was an Irish footballer. Walsh played for several clubs, but most notably with Manchester City, for whom he made more than 100 appearances. As an international, Walsh represented four national teams: after playing for the England Schoolboys XI, he then became a dual Irish international, playing for both Ireland teams – the FAI XI and the IFA XI. In 1949, he was a member of the FAI XI that defeated England 2–0 at Goodison Park, becoming the first non-United Kingdom team to beat England at home. He then emigrated to New Zealand and also played in an unofficial game for their national team. Walsh eventually moved to Australia and settled in Noosa, Queensland. In 2003, he and several other former Manchester City players returned for the last game at Maine Road. He died on 28 July 2006 at the age of 85 and his ashes were interred at the Garden of Remembrance at the City of Manchester Stadium.\n Links: a. Goodison Park b. City of Manchester Stadium c. Shire of Noosa d. Maine Road", "pos": "Question: How many other players have won the Trevor Barker Award as many times as Winmar? Passage:Growing up in Pingelly in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia, Winmar began his career with South Fremantle, playing 58 games at the club before being recruited prior to the 1987 season by St Kilda. In a twelve-season career with St Kilda, Winmar won the club's best and fairest award, the Trevor Barker Award, in 1989 and 1995 and was also twice named in the All-Australian team. He left St Kilda at the end of the 1998 season and was drafted by the Western Bulldogs, playing one further season in the AFL before retiring at the end of the 1999 season. Having represented Western Australia in eight interstate matches, Winmar was named in St Kilda's in 2003 and was inducted into the West Australian Football Hall of Fame in 2009. An Indigenous Australian, he was the first Aboriginal footballer to play 200 games in the AFL and was named in the Indigenous Team of the Century in 2005. He was involved in several incidents of racial vilification during his career and a photograph of Winmar responding to one such incident during the 1993 season has been described as one of the most memorable images in Australian sporting history.\n Links: a. All-Australian team b. Western Bulldogs c. Trevor Barker Award d. Western Bulldogs", "neg": "Question: What is the population of the country that Walsh emigrated to before moving to Australia? Passage:William \"Billy\" Walsh (31 May 1921 – 28 July 2006), also referred to as Willie Walsh, was an Irish footballer. Walsh played for several clubs, but most notably with Manchester City, for whom he made more than 100 appearances. As an international, Walsh represented four national teams: after playing for the England Schoolboys XI, he then became a dual Irish international, playing for both Ireland teams – the FAI XI and the IFA XI. In 1949, he was a member of the FAI XI that defeated England 2–0 at Goodison Park, becoming the first non-United Kingdom team to beat England at home. He then emigrated to New Zealand and also played in an unofficial game for their national team. Walsh eventually moved to Australia and settled in Noosa, Queensland. In 2003, he and several other former Manchester City players returned for the last game at Maine Road. He died on 28 July 2006 at the age of 85 and his ashes were interred at the Garden of Remembrance at the City of Manchester Stadium.\n Links: a. Republic of Ireland national football team b. Association football c. New Zealand national football team d. New Zealand", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}70{"query": "Question: What is the capacity of the venue where Threlfall made his first-class debut against Somerset? Passage:Threfall played for Cumberland in 1987, making a single appearance in the Minor Counties Championship against Cambridgeshire and a single appearance in the MCCA Knockout Trophy against Cheshire. In 1988, Threfall played Second XI cricket for Sussex, with him also making his first-class debut for the county in that season against Somerset at the Recreation Ground, Bath. He played regularly for the Sussex Second XI, but would only make two further first-class appearances for the county, against the touring Sri Lankans in 1990 and Cambridge University in 1991. He never batted in his three first-class appearances, but with the ball he took 7 wickets at an average of 18.57, with best figures of 3/45. He also made a single List A appearance for the county against the touring Zimbabweans in 1990. He ended Sussex's innings of 233/8 unbeaten on 17, while in the Zimbabweans innings he took figures of 3/40 from 10 overs, with Sussex winning by 95 runs. He continued to play for the Sussex Second XI until 1994.\n Links: a. Somerset County Cricket Club b. Cambridge University Cricket Club c. Recreation Ground (Bath) d. Bowling average", "pos": "Question: Who was the head coach for the Sri Lankans team when they played against the Sussex? Passage:Threfall played for Cumberland in 1987, making a single appearance in the Minor Counties Championship against Cambridgeshire and a single appearance in the MCCA Knockout Trophy against Cheshire. In 1988, Threfall played Second XI cricket for Sussex, with him also making his first-class debut for the county in that season against Somerset at the Recreation Ground, Bath. He played regularly for the Sussex Second XI, but would only make two further first-class appearances for the county, against the touring Sri Lankans in 1990 and Cambridge University in 1991. He never batted in his three first-class appearances, but with the ball he took 7 wickets at an average of 18.57, with best figures of 3/45. He also made a single List A appearance for the county against the touring Zimbabweans in 1990. He ended Sussex's innings of 233/8 unbeaten on 17, while in the Zimbabweans innings he took figures of 3/40 from 10 overs, with Sussex winning by 95 runs. He continued to play for the Sussex Second XI until 1994.\n Links: a. Cambridgeshire County Cricket Club b. Bowling average c. Sri Lanka national cricket team d. Minor Counties Cricket Championship", "neg": "Question: What year was the club that Threlfall played for in 1987 found in? Passage:Threfall played for Cumberland in 1987, making a single appearance in the Minor Counties Championship against Cambridgeshire and a single appearance in the MCCA Knockout Trophy against Cheshire. In 1988, Threfall played Second XI cricket for Sussex, with him also making his first-class debut for the county in that season against Somerset at the Recreation Ground, Bath. He played regularly for the Sussex Second XI, but would only make two further first-class appearances for the county, against the touring Sri Lankans in 1990 and Cambridge University in 1991. He never batted in his three first-class appearances, but with the ball he took 7 wickets at an average of 18.57, with best figures of 3/45. He also made a single List A appearance for the county against the touring Zimbabweans in 1990. He ended Sussex's innings of 233/8 unbeaten on 17, while in the Zimbabweans innings he took figures of 3/40 from 10 overs, with Sussex winning by 95 runs. He continued to play for the Sussex Second XI until 1994.\n Links: a. Cumberland County Cricket Club b. Sussex County Cricket Club c. Somerset County Cricket Club d. First-class cricket", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}71{"query": "Question: How old was the king when he awarded Mairi and Knocker the Order of Léopold II, Knights Cross? Passage:Chisholm and Knocker soon came to the conclusion that they could save more lives by treating the wounded directly on the front lines. In November, they decided to leave the corps and set up their own dressing station five miles east in a town named Pervyse, north of Ypres, just one hundred yards from the trenches. Here, in a vacant cellar which they named \"Poste de Secours Anglais\" (\"British First Aid Post\"), the two would spend the next three and a half years tending to the wounded. No longer affiliated with the Belgian Red Cross, they began acting completely as free agents and had to support their work by raising their own funds. Through sheer perseverance Knocker was able to arrange for the two of them to be officially seconded to the Belgian garrison stationed there. In January 1915, they were both decorated by King Albert I of Belgium with the Order of Léopold II, Knights Cross (with palm) for their courageous work on the front lines. They were also awarded the British Military Medal and both made Officers of the Most Venerable Order of St. John of Jerusalem. Chisholm was also decorated with the Queen Elisabeth Medal of Belgium and the British campaign medals, including the 1914 Star. The two became instant celebrities earning the distinction of being among the most photographed women of the war.\n Links: a. Ypres b. Albert I of Belgium c. Queen Elisabeth Medal d. Pervijze", "pos": "Question: In which countries were the fronts located that Kork fought on during World War I? Passage:Kork fought in World War I on the Northwestern Front and the Western Front. In October 1914, he was awarded the Order of Saint Anna 3rd class with Swords. On 1 April 1915, he was awarded the Order of Saint Stanislaus 2nd class with Swords. Kork became an adjutant on the staff of the 3rd Siberian Army Corps and was promoted to Staff captain on 14 June. On 16 November, Kork received the Order of Saint Anna 4th class. At the same time he became an adjutant at the headquarters of the 8th Siberian Rifle Division. On 25 or 30 December he was transferred to the 10th Army headquarters. He also served with the 20th Army Corps and the Office of the Quartermaster General on the Staff of the Western Front. On 15 August 1916, he was promoted to Captain. In 1917, he graduated from the Observer-Pilot Military School. On 25 February, Kork became officer for Aircraft Orders on the Staff of the Western Front. He was promoted to lieutenant colonel. On 31 March, Kork was awarded the Order of Saint Anna 2nd class with Swords. Between August 1917 and February 1918 he was chairman of the Soldiers' Committee of the Western Front.\n Links: a. Staff captain b. Northwestern Front (Russian Empire) c. 8th Siberian Rifle Division (Russian Empire) d. Podpolkovnik", "neg": "Question: Which side won the war that Kork fought in on the Northwestern Front and the Western Front? Passage:Kork fought in World War I on the Northwestern Front and the Western Front. In October 1914, he was awarded the Order of Saint Anna 3rd class with Swords. On 1 April 1915, he was awarded the Order of Saint Stanislaus 2nd class with Swords. Kork became an adjutant on the staff of the 3rd Siberian Army Corps and was promoted to Staff captain on 14 June. On 16 November, Kork received the Order of Saint Anna 4th class. At the same time he became an adjutant at the headquarters of the 8th Siberian Rifle Division. On 25 or 30 December he was transferred to the 10th Army headquarters. He also served with the 20th Army Corps and the Office of the Quartermaster General on the Staff of the Western Front. On 15 August 1916, he was promoted to Captain. In 1917, he graduated from the Observer-Pilot Military School. On 25 February, Kork became officer for Aircraft Orders on the Staff of the Western Front. He was promoted to lieutenant colonel. On 31 March, Kork was awarded the Order of Saint Anna 2nd class with Swords. Between August 1917 and February 1918 he was chairman of the Soldiers' Committee of the Western Front.\n Links: a. Northwestern Front (Russian Empire) b. Northwestern Front (Russian Empire) c. Northwestern Front (Russian Empire) d. World War I", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}72{"query": "Question: What countries participated in the war that started in October 1899 that Foulkes served in? Passage:Foulkes was educated at Bedford Modern School, and was commissioned into the Royal Engineers as a second lieutenant on 27 February 1894, followed by promotion to lieutenant on 27 February 1897. He served in Sierra Leone 1898–99 (later known as the Hut Tax War), for which he received the East and West Africa Medal. After the outbreak of the Second Boer War in October 1899, he was appointed on the Staff of the army in South Africa, and took part in a number of engagements and operations. He became Assistant Commissioner for the Anglo-French Boundary Commission in the East of Niger in late 1902, with the local rank of captain. After taking part in the Kano-Sokoto expedition which brought the Emirs in Nigeria under British control in 1903, he became Commander of the Ordnance Survey of Scotland in 1904. He was a member of the bronze medal-winning team for the field hockey in the 1908 Summer Olympics. He went on to be Commander of 31st (Fortress) Company in Ceylon in 1909 and Commander of 'L' Company at the Royal Engineers Depot in Chatham in 1913.\n Links: a. Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate b. Field hockey c. Sokoto d. Second Boer War", "pos": "Question: When Charles Ogston was part of an occupying force in Pretoria and Johannesburg, which of the two had the larger population at the time? Passage:Ogston was the son of Alexander Milne Ogston of Ardoe, Kincardineshire. He was educated at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst and commissioned a second lieutenant in the Gordon Highlanders in November 1897. He served on the North-West Frontier of India from 1897 to 1898 and took part in the Tirah Campaign under Sir William Lockhart. Promoted to lieutenant on 21 July 1899, he was later the same year sent to South Africa to serve as an intelligence officer in the Second Boer War. He took part in the Relief of Kimberley (February 1900), including the Battle of Magersfontein (11 December 1899), followed by fighting in the Orange Free State from February to May 1900, including the Battle of Paardeberg (18–27 February 1900). In May 1900 he was posted to the Transvaal Republic, where he took part in the occupation of Johannesburg and Pretoria, the capital of the republic, followed by service around the occupied areas, including the Battle of Bergendal (August 1900) and fighting near Lydenburg. He was promoted to captain on 22 January 1902, and following the end of hostilities in early June 1902 left Cape Town on board the SS Orotava, arriving at Southampton the next month.\n Links: a. Lieutenant (British Army and Royal Marines) b. South African Republic c. Siege of Kimberley d. Pretoria", "neg": "Question: Which parties were involved in the war that Maitland volunteered for with the Imperial Yeomanry? Passage:The elder son of the 13th Earl of Lauderdale, by his first wife, Charlotte Sleigh, a daughter of Lieutenant-Colonel Sleigh of the 77th Foot, Maitland was commissioned into the Royal Scots Fusiliers in 1886, transferred to the 2nd Dragoons in 1887 and to the Scots Guards in 1894, from which he retired as a lieutenant. After the outbreak of the Second Boer War in late 1899, he volunteered for active service with the Imperial Yeomanry in South Africa and was appointed adjutant of the 20th battalion on 21 March 1900. He served in South Africa 1900–1901, when he was mentioned in despatches. After his return, he was Assistant Director of Auxiliary Forces on the Headquarters Staff from 1904 to 1908. He saw further active service in the European War of 1914–1918, in which he was wounded. He was appointed OBE in 1919 and succeeded his father in 1924, taking up residence at Thirlestane Castle near Lauder in Scotland.\n Links: a. 77th (East Middlesex) Regiment of Foot b. Adjutant c. Second Boer War d. Lauder", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}73{"query": "Question: How long did the Jesuit missionary from Nola, Italy who tirelessly preached the Christian message live? Passage:During the Spanish reign in the archipelago where towns had already been established, Sindangan became a part of the jurisdiction of then the municipality of Dapitan as early as 1598 to 1729 and slowly people from the Visayas islands flocked to Mindanao to find greener pasture. Christianity also propagated on this area through the effort of those Catholic missionaries like the Society of Jesus or the Jesuits, the Augustinians and the Dominicans. One of its great missionaries was Padre Francesco Palliola, a Jesuit missionary from Nola, Italy who tirelessly preached the Christian message, perform baptisms and sacraments and helped the tribal people in this area of Zamboanga Peninsula. He was assigned in Dapitan and Katipunan, and met his martyrdom in the barrio of Ponot now Jose Dalman where he was killed by the subanen people through the leadership of their chieftain. Later on, Sindangan became part of a far town Lubungan now Katipunan since the 19th Century.\n Links: a. Visayas b. Spanish language c. Society of Jesus d. Francesco Palliola", "pos": "Question: How old was Alonso de Maldonado when Bartolome de las Casas visited Guatemala for the second time? Passage:On his second visit to Guatemala, in 1537, friar Bartolome de las Casas, O.P. wanted to employ his new method of conversion based on two principles: 1) to preach the Gospel to all men and treat them as equals, and 2) to assert that conversion must be voluntary and based on knowledge and understanding of the Faith. It was important for Las Casas that this method be tested without meddling from secular colonists, so he chose a territory in the heart of Guatemala where there were no previous colonies and where the natives were considered fierce and war-like. Because of the fact that the land had not been possible to conquer by military means, the governor of Guatemala, Alonso de Maldonado, agreed to sign a contract promising that if the venture was successful he would not establish any new encomiendas in the area. Las Casas's group of friars established a Dominican presence in Rabinal, Sacapulas and Cobán, reaching as far as Chahal and including Cubulco. Through the efforts of Las Casas' missionaries the so-called \"Land of War\" came to be called \"Verapaz\", \"True Peace\". Las Casas's strategy was to teach Christian songs to merchant Indian Christians who then ventured into the area. In this way he was successful in converting several native chiefs, among them those of Atitlán and Chichicastenango, and in building several churches in the territory named Alta Verapaz. These congregated a group of Christian Indians in the location of what is now the town of Rabinal. In 1538 Las Casas was recalled from his mission by Bishop Francisco Marroquin who wanted him to go to Mexico and then on to Spain in order to seek more Dominicans to assist in the mission.\n Links: a. Verapaz, Guatemala b. Verapaz, Guatemala c. Chichicastenango d. Alonso de Maldonado", "neg": "Question: How old was the person who named Bertello Archbishop of Urbs Salvia when he died? Passage:On 17 October 1987, Pope John Paul II named him Titular Archbishop of Urbs Salvia and appointed him Apostolic Nuncio to Ghana, Togo and Benin. He was consecrated on 28 November by Cardinal Agostino Casaroli, with Bishops Albino Mensa and Luigi Bettazzi as the principal co-consecrators. On 12 January 1990, he was transferred to Rwanda, where he supported human rights organizations and encouraged Catholic bishops to unite as forceful advocates for ending civil war. He remained at his post and traveled into dangerous regions to bear witness to the Tutsi Genocide in 1994. In March 1995, John Paul II appointed him Permanent Observer of the Holy See to the United Nations in Geneva from 1997, with the same role at the World Trade Organization. Upon his appointment Bertello negotiated the status of the Holy See as permanent observer in the World Trade Organization, becoming its first representative that year.\n Links: a. Pope John Paul II b. Rwanda c. Nuncio d. Rwandan genocide", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}74{"query": "Question: How old was the building in which Kansas State played it's final regular season game of 2009-10? Passage:The 2009–10 Kansas State Wildcats men's basketball team represented Kansas State University in the 2009–10 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The head coach was Frank Martin, who served his 3rd year at the helm of the Wildcats. The team played its home games in Bramlage Coliseum in Manhattan, Kansas. Kansas State is a member of the Big 12 Conference. The Wildcats began conference play with a trip to Columbia, Missouri and faced the Missouri Tigers and finished the year with a home game against the Iowa State Cyclones. They finished the season 29–8 and ranked #7 in the AP Poll and the ESPN/USA Today Coaches' Poll. They lost to the rival Kansas Jayhawks in the finals of the Big 12 Tournament, 72–64.\n Links: a. AP Poll b. Bramlage Coliseum c. Bramlage Coliseum d. 2010 Big 12 Men's Basketball Tournament", "pos": "Question: What were the home states of the teams that the Friars defeated to advance to the championship game in the Big East Tournament in 2018? Passage:The 2017–18 Providence Friars men's basketball team represented Providence College in the 2017–18 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Friars, led by seventh-year head coach Ed Cooley, played their home games at the Dunkin' Donuts Center as members of the Big East Conference. They finished the season 21–14, 10–8 in Big East play to finish in a three-way tie for third place. As the No. 5 seed in the Big East Tournament, they defeated Creighton and No. 1-seeded Xavier in back-to-back overtime games to advance to the championship game. In a third straight overtime game, the Friars fell to Villanova in the championship game. They received an at-large bid to the NCAA Tournament as the No. 10 seed in the West region where they lost to Texas A&M in the First Round.\n Links: a. 2017–18 Big East Conference men's basketball season b. 2017–18 Creighton Bluejays men's basketball team c. Big East Conference d. Ed Cooley", "neg": "Question: What other schools were members of the conference in which Kansas State competed in basketball in 2009-10? Passage:The 2009–10 Kansas State Wildcats men's basketball team represented Kansas State University in the 2009–10 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The head coach was Frank Martin, who served his 3rd year at the helm of the Wildcats. The team played its home games in Bramlage Coliseum in Manhattan, Kansas. Kansas State is a member of the Big 12 Conference. The Wildcats began conference play with a trip to Columbia, Missouri and faced the Missouri Tigers and finished the year with a home game against the Iowa State Cyclones. They finished the season 29–8 and ranked #7 in the AP Poll and the ESPN/USA Today Coaches' Poll. They lost to the rival Kansas Jayhawks in the finals of the Big 12 Tournament, 72–64.\n Links: a. Big 12 Conference b. AP Poll c. Coaches Poll d. Big 12 Conference", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}75{"query": "Question: What state was Washington born in? Passage:The United States Supreme Court had ruled the Civil Rights Act of 1875 as unconstitutional in 1883. By the time of the convention the groundwork was laid for decades of segregation. On September 18, 1895, Booker T. Washington, an accommodationist, had given the Atlanta Exposition Speech, at the Cotton States and International Exposition. He was revered by followers and had critics such as William Monroe Trotter and W. E. B. Du Bois. An agreement was reached between black and white leaders that blacks would submit to white political rule in exchange for a guarantee of receiving basic education and due process in law. By 1890, Jim Crow Laws replaced black codes with a separate but equal status for black people. The United States Supreme Court Decision of Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896, stemming from the arrest of Homer Plessy in 1892, upheld racial segregation. Article 248 provided for free public separate schools, for \"white and colored\" races.\n Links: a. Homer Plessy b. Booker T. Washington c. Booker T. Washington d. Homer Plessy", "pos": "Question: Who was the first to put forth the Voting Rights Act of 1965? Passage:In the United States, the Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratified in 1870 during the Reconstruction era, provided that \"The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.\" This amendment aimed to guarantee the right to vote to African Americans, many of whom had been enslaved in the South prior to the end (1865) of the American Civil War and the 1864-1865 abolition of slavery. Despite the amendment, however, blacks were disfranchised in the former Confederate states after 1877; Southern officials ignored the amendment and blocked black citizens from voting through a variety of devices, including poll taxes, literacy tests, and grandfather clauses; violence and terrorism were used to intimidate some would-be voters. Southern blacks did not effectively receive the right to vote until the Voting Rights Act of 1965.\n Links: a. Disenfranchisement after the Reconstruction Era b. Voting Rights Act of 1965 c. Reconstruction era d. African Americans", "neg": "Question: How many years before the Fifteenth Amendment was the First Amendment ratified? Passage:In the United States, the Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratified in 1870 during the Reconstruction era, provided that \"The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.\" This amendment aimed to guarantee the right to vote to African Americans, many of whom had been enslaved in the South prior to the end (1865) of the American Civil War and the 1864-1865 abolition of slavery. Despite the amendment, however, blacks were disfranchised in the former Confederate states after 1877; Southern officials ignored the amendment and blocked black citizens from voting through a variety of devices, including poll taxes, literacy tests, and grandfather clauses; violence and terrorism were used to intimidate some would-be voters. Southern blacks did not effectively receive the right to vote until the Voting Rights Act of 1965.\n Links: a. Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution b. Poll taxes in the United States c. Slavery in the United States d. Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}76{"query": "Question: What year was the college Henry Hirst went to founded? Passage:Hirst was born in 1838 in Huddersfield, Yorkshire, England. He received his education at Huddersfield College. He arrived at Port Chalmers in Otago on the Agra on 30 October 1858 and first settled in the Te Anau / Manapouri area in Southland. Together with John Charles Watts-Russell of Christchurch, he explored Breaksea Sound for open land for sheep farming, but they were unsuccessful in this venture. Next, Hirst settled at Riverton where he had a butchery. In 1860, he married a daughter of William Dallas. In August 1861, he was the first who managed to drive cattle from Southland to the Gabriel's Gully gold field during the Otago Gold Rush. Some time later, Hirst was farming at Orepuki. When gold was discovered in the locality in 1866, the government resumed the land that he was farming, and he bought another property in the town where he lived for the rest of his life.\n Links: a. Breaksea Sound b. Riverton, New Zealand c. Huddersfield New College d. Breaksea Sound", "pos": "Question: Which of the universities was founded first, the one Howells first obtained a degree from, or the one he studied at thereafter? Passage:Howells was born on 11 May 1871 in Cwm, Monmouthshire in south Wales. He was educated at schools in Cwm and Pengam before winning a scholarship to Regent's Park Baptist College, London. After graduating with a degree awarded by the University of London, he studied at the University of Oxford (at Mansfield College and Jesus College), at Christ's College, Cambridge and at the University of Tübingen, obtaining degrees from a total of four universities. He travelled to India in 1895 for the Baptist Missionary Society to deal with literary and educational work. In 1907, he became Principal of Serampore College, a post he held until 1932. During this time, he also served as a Fellow and examiner of the University of Calcutta (1913 to 1929) and was a member of the Bengal Legislative Council in 1918. After returning to Britain in 1932, he was lecturer in Hebrew at Rawdon Baptist College until 1935. He received honorary degrees from the University of St Andrews, Serampore College and the University of Wales. During his retirement, he moved to Castleton, south Wales and he died on 7 November 1935.\n Links: a. Baptists Together b. Pengam c. University of London d. Serampore College", "neg": "Question: What country did Henry Hirst go to on the \"Agra\"? Passage:Hirst was born in 1838 in Huddersfield, Yorkshire, England. He received his education at Huddersfield College. He arrived at Port Chalmers in Otago on the Agra on 30 October 1858 and first settled in the Te Anau / Manapouri area in Southland. Together with John Charles Watts-Russell of Christchurch, he explored Breaksea Sound for open land for sheep farming, but they were unsuccessful in this venture. Next, Hirst settled at Riverton where he had a butchery. In 1860, he married a daughter of William Dallas. In August 1861, he was the first who managed to drive cattle from Southland to the Gabriel's Gully gold field during the Otago Gold Rush. Some time later, Hirst was farming at Orepuki. When gold was discovered in the locality in 1866, the government resumed the land that he was farming, and he bought another property in the town where he lived for the rest of his life.\n Links: a. Otago b. John Charles Watts-Russell c. Otago Gold Rush d. Port Chalmers", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}77{"query": "Question: Which government agency that Llewelyn-DAvies worked for was established first? Passage:Llewelyn-Davies entered the civil service in 1940 and served in the Ministry of War Transport, the Foreign Office, the Air Ministry and the Commonwealth Relations Office. She resigned to contest the Wolverhampton South-West parliamentary seat for Labour during the 1951 general election, but was defeated by the incumbent Conservative Enoch Powell. She subsequently unsuccessfully contested the Wandsworth Central seat in 1955 and 1959, but didn't stand for parliament again. With support of those in the Wilson government and the backing of close friend Richard Crossman, who described her in his diaries as \"the real politician\" when her husband was elevated to the peerage, she was created a life peer as Baroness Llewelyn-Davies of Hastoe, of Hastoe in the County of Hertfordshire on 29 August 1967. She went on to serve as a Government whip in the House of Lords between 1969 and 1970, and as Opposition Deputy Chief Whip from 1972. In 1973 she was elected Chief Whip, becoming the first woman to take charge of a whip's office in either house. On the return of the Labour Party to government in 1974 she became Captain of the Gentlemen-at-Arms (Government Chief Whip). In 1975, she became a Privy Counsellor. From 1979 to 1982 she was once again Opposition Chief Whip. From 1982 to 1987, she was Principal Deputy Chairman of Committees in the House of Lords, an office carrying with it the role of Chairman of the European Communities Committee.\n Links: a. Richard Crossman b. Ministry of War Transport c. Enoch Powell d. House of Lords", "pos": "Question: How old was Richard Crossman when Leewelyn-Davies received her life peerage as Baroness of Hastoe? Passage:Llewelyn-Davies entered the civil service in 1940 and served in the Ministry of War Transport, the Foreign Office, the Air Ministry and the Commonwealth Relations Office. She resigned to contest the Wolverhampton South-West parliamentary seat for Labour during the 1951 general election, but was defeated by the incumbent Conservative Enoch Powell. She subsequently unsuccessfully contested the Wandsworth Central seat in 1955 and 1959, but didn't stand for parliament again. With support of those in the Wilson government and the backing of close friend Richard Crossman, who described her in his diaries as \"the real politician\" when her husband was elevated to the peerage, she was created a life peer as Baroness Llewelyn-Davies of Hastoe, of Hastoe in the County of Hertfordshire on 29 August 1967. She went on to serve as a Government whip in the House of Lords between 1969 and 1970, and as Opposition Deputy Chief Whip from 1972. In 1973 she was elected Chief Whip, becoming the first woman to take charge of a whip's office in either house. On the return of the Labour Party to government in 1974 she became Captain of the Gentlemen-at-Arms (Government Chief Whip). In 1975, she became a Privy Counsellor. From 1979 to 1982 she was once again Opposition Chief Whip. From 1982 to 1987, she was Principal Deputy Chairman of Committees in the House of Lords, an office carrying with it the role of Chairman of the European Communities Committee.\n Links: a. Foreign and Commonwealth Office b. Richard Crossman c. Richard Crossman d. Richard Crossman", "neg": "Question: What date was the general election that Llewelyn-Davies ran for the Wolverhampton South-West parliamentary seat held? Passage:Llewelyn-Davies entered the civil service in 1940 and served in the Ministry of War Transport, the Foreign Office, the Air Ministry and the Commonwealth Relations Office. She resigned to contest the Wolverhampton South-West parliamentary seat for Labour during the 1951 general election, but was defeated by the incumbent Conservative Enoch Powell. She subsequently unsuccessfully contested the Wandsworth Central seat in 1955 and 1959, but didn't stand for parliament again. With support of those in the Wilson government and the backing of close friend Richard Crossman, who described her in his diaries as \"the real politician\" when her husband was elevated to the peerage, she was created a life peer as Baroness Llewelyn-Davies of Hastoe, of Hastoe in the County of Hertfordshire on 29 August 1967. She went on to serve as a Government whip in the House of Lords between 1969 and 1970, and as Opposition Deputy Chief Whip from 1972. In 1973 she was elected Chief Whip, becoming the first woman to take charge of a whip's office in either house. On the return of the Labour Party to government in 1974 she became Captain of the Gentlemen-at-Arms (Government Chief Whip). In 1975, she became a Privy Counsellor. From 1979 to 1982 she was once again Opposition Chief Whip. From 1982 to 1987, she was Principal Deputy Chairman of Committees in the House of Lords, an office carrying with it the role of Chairman of the European Communities Committee.\n Links: a. 1951 United Kingdom general election b. Captain of the Honourable Corps of Gentlemen-at-Arms c. Richard Crossman d. 1951 United Kingdom general election", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}78{"query": "Question: Does the team Carter signed with in 1988 still exist today? Passage:Carter started his career as an apprentice at Brighton & Hove Albion but failed to make the grade for the first team. He made his first team debut in April 1987 in a 1–1 draw with Blackburn Rovers, coming on as a substitute and almost scoring with his first touch. He subsequently dropped down to the Isthmian League where he spent a season with Billericay Town. He was signed by Fourth Division side Leyton Orient in July 1988 and remained a first team regular in his seven-year spell at the club, which included promotion to the Third Division in his first season with via the play-offs. In June 1995, he joined newly relegated Second Division side Peterborough United for a fee of £25,000. He was a first team regular in his first season with the club but dropped out of the side in his second season as the club narrowly avoided relegation twice. Following his release he spent time on trial at Cambridge United and Wycombe Wanderers, however, both were unsuccessful in earning a full-time contract. He subsequently signed for Welsh Premier League side Barry Town, where he spent two seasons and made a total of sixty league appearances, scoring ten goals. He later joined Southern League Premier side Merthyr Tydfil in 1999 and spent six seasons with the club making over 200 appearances. He was also the club captain. In the summer of 2005 he signed for newly promoted Welsh Premier League side Cardiff Grange Harlequins but only made eight league appearances and the side couldn't avoid relegation at the first attempt.\n Links: a. Leyton Orient F.C. b. Football League Third Division c. Billericay Town F.C. d. Football League Fourth Division", "pos": "Question: Who currently owns the team Carter made his debut on? Passage:Carter started his career as an apprentice at Brighton & Hove Albion but failed to make the grade for the first team. He made his first team debut in April 1987 in a 1–1 draw with Blackburn Rovers, coming on as a substitute and almost scoring with his first touch. He subsequently dropped down to the Isthmian League where he spent a season with Billericay Town. He was signed by Fourth Division side Leyton Orient in July 1988 and remained a first team regular in his seven-year spell at the club, which included promotion to the Third Division in his first season with via the play-offs. In June 1995, he joined newly relegated Second Division side Peterborough United for a fee of £25,000. He was a first team regular in his first season with the club but dropped out of the side in his second season as the club narrowly avoided relegation twice. Following his release he spent time on trial at Cambridge United and Wycombe Wanderers, however, both were unsuccessful in earning a full-time contract. He subsequently signed for Welsh Premier League side Barry Town, where he spent two seasons and made a total of sixty league appearances, scoring ten goals. He later joined Southern League Premier side Merthyr Tydfil in 1999 and spent six seasons with the club making over 200 appearances. He was also the club captain. In the summer of 2005 he signed for newly promoted Welsh Premier League side Cardiff Grange Harlequins but only made eight league appearances and the side couldn't avoid relegation at the first attempt.\n Links: a. Brighton & Hove Albion F.C. b. Merthyr Tydfil F.C. c. Billericay Town F.C. d. Barry Town United F.C.", "neg": "Question: What was Brighton & Hove Albion's win/loss record the year Carter made his debut? Passage:Carter started his career as an apprentice at Brighton & Hove Albion but failed to make the grade for the first team. He made his first team debut in April 1987 in a 1–1 draw with Blackburn Rovers, coming on as a substitute and almost scoring with his first touch. He subsequently dropped down to the Isthmian League where he spent a season with Billericay Town. He was signed by Fourth Division side Leyton Orient in July 1988 and remained a first team regular in his seven-year spell at the club, which included promotion to the Third Division in his first season with via the play-offs. In June 1995, he joined newly relegated Second Division side Peterborough United for a fee of £25,000. He was a first team regular in his first season with the club but dropped out of the side in his second season as the club narrowly avoided relegation twice. Following his release he spent time on trial at Cambridge United and Wycombe Wanderers, however, both were unsuccessful in earning a full-time contract. He subsequently signed for Welsh Premier League side Barry Town, where he spent two seasons and made a total of sixty league appearances, scoring ten goals. He later joined Southern League Premier side Merthyr Tydfil in 1999 and spent six seasons with the club making over 200 appearances. He was also the club captain. In the summer of 2005 he signed for newly promoted Welsh Premier League side Cardiff Grange Harlequins but only made eight league appearances and the side couldn't avoid relegation at the first attempt.\n Links: a. Merthyr Tydfil F.C. b. Wycombe Wanderers F.C. c. Wycombe Wanderers F.C. d. Brighton & Hove Albion F.C.", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}79{"query": "Question: How long after Saint Helena was canonized was the Diocese of St Helena created? Passage:In 1853, the territory was reduced by the creation of the Diocese of Grahamstown in the eastern parts of the Cape Colony and the Diocese of Natal in the Colony of Natal. In 1859, the Diocese of St Helena was created for Saint Helena and Ascension Island. In 1863, the Diocese of Bloemfontein was created, taking over all the territory north of the Orange River and the Drakensberg mountains. In 1866, J. Harries Thomas was archdeacon of Cape Town and H. Badnall, archdeacon of George; and N. J. Merriman, archdeacon of Bloemfontein (by then separated) was still a canon of Cape Town cathedral. The territory of the Cape Town diocese was further reduced in 1911 by the creation of the dioceses of George and Kimberley and Kuruman. Finally, in 2005 the diocese was divided into three, with the part to north of the city of Cape Town becoming the Diocese of Saldanha Bay and the part to the east of the city becoming the Diocese of False Bay.\n Links: a. Diocese of Natal b. Saint Helena c. Ascension Island d. Diocese of Kimberley and Kuruman", "pos": "Question: Of the Dioceses Richard Wood served at, which was established first? Passage:Richard James Wood (25 August 1920 – 9 October 2008) was a British Anglican bishop and anti-apartheid campaigner. He was ordained in the Church of England and served his curacy in the Diocese of Salisbury. He then moved to South Africa and served in a number of parish posts before becoming the Suffragan Bishop of Damaraland in 1973. He was expelled from South Africa in 1975 for speaking out against the apartheid government. He returned to England permanently in 1977, and became Vicar of St Mary's Church, Hull and chaplain to the University of Hull; during this time, he was also an Assistant Bishop in the Diocese of York. His final post before retirement, from 1979 to 1983, was as a member of staff of St Mark's Theological College, Dar es Salaam.\n Links: a. University of Hull b. Diocese of Salisbury c. University of Hull d. St Mary's Church, Hull", "neg": "Question: How long had Cape Colony been established when the Diocese of Grahamstown was created? Passage:In 1853, the territory was reduced by the creation of the Diocese of Grahamstown in the eastern parts of the Cape Colony and the Diocese of Natal in the Colony of Natal. In 1859, the Diocese of St Helena was created for Saint Helena and Ascension Island. In 1863, the Diocese of Bloemfontein was created, taking over all the territory north of the Orange River and the Drakensberg mountains. In 1866, J. Harries Thomas was archdeacon of Cape Town and H. Badnall, archdeacon of George; and N. J. Merriman, archdeacon of Bloemfontein (by then separated) was still a canon of Cape Town cathedral. The territory of the Cape Town diocese was further reduced in 1911 by the creation of the dioceses of George and Kimberley and Kuruman. Finally, in 2005 the diocese was divided into three, with the part to north of the city of Cape Town becoming the Diocese of Saldanha Bay and the part to the east of the city becoming the Diocese of False Bay.\n Links: a. Cape Colony b. Ascension Island c. Diocese of Grahamstown d. Diocese of St Helena", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}80{"query": "Question: Of the instruments used in Intuition, what year was the oldest invented? Passage:\"Intuition\" is a song by American pop singer-songwriter Jewel. It was released in May 2003 as the lead single from her fourth studio album, 0304. The song was written and produced by Jewel and Lester Mendez. Following the club success of \"Serve the Ego\", Jewel moved to a more pop-oriented sound with the release of \"Intuition\". The song, which strays from her usual folk style with simple acoustic guitar instrumentation, starts off with a French accordion and then experiments with dance-oriented beats with subtle urban influences, using synthesizers. The song achieved moderate success in the United States, reaching number 20 on the Billboard Hot 100. However, a number of Jewel's fans criticized her for abandoning her traditional folk style in exchange for a new pop sound. After the song was licensed to promote Schick Intuition razors, Jewel was accused of \"writing a song that tells us all to resist the total marketing mentality... and then licensing that song to a consumer products company for a huge sales campaign.\"\n Links: a. Serve the Ego b. Pop music c. Accordion d. Billboard Hot 100", "pos": "Question: Which of the stringed instruments featured in \"Don't Be So Hard on Yourself\" was invented first? Passage:\"Don't Be So Hard on Yourself\" was written by Jess Glynne, Wayne Hector with its producers Tom Barnes, Peter Kelleher and Ben Kohn, also known as the production team TMS. According to the sheet music published at Musicnotes.com by Universal Music Publishing Group, the song is written in the key of G major (recorded a half-step lower in F major). The song moves in common time at a tempo of 120 beats per minute, with Glynne's vocal range spanning from the low-note of C to the high-note of C. Its instrumentation consists in piano, guitar and violins, filled with strings, glittery synths and emotive vocals. In its bridge, the song also features a \"multi-tracked choir and military tattoo drums.\" It is a dance-pop song with influences of disco, house and soul-pop. Lyrically, it talks about overcoming a broken heart and to not let sadness defeat you. In the chorus, she sings: \"Don’t be so hard on yourself, no / Learn to forgive, learn to let go / Everyone trips, everyone falls / So don’t be so hard on yourself, no.\" When asked about the story behind the song, she elaborated: \"When I was meeting my publisher, managers and label and everything was happening for me, I was going through a really hard time. I had my heart broken and I was in a dark place. It was even harder because my dreams were coming true and I had to put a smile on my face every day and power through.\"\n Links: a. Guitar b. Time signature c. Piano d. Tempo", "neg": "Question: How old was Intuition's singer when it was released? Passage:\"Intuition\" is a song by American pop singer-songwriter Jewel. It was released in May 2003 as the lead single from her fourth studio album, 0304. The song was written and produced by Jewel and Lester Mendez. Following the club success of \"Serve the Ego\", Jewel moved to a more pop-oriented sound with the release of \"Intuition\". The song, which strays from her usual folk style with simple acoustic guitar instrumentation, starts off with a French accordion and then experiments with dance-oriented beats with subtle urban influences, using synthesizers. The song achieved moderate success in the United States, reaching number 20 on the Billboard Hot 100. However, a number of Jewel's fans criticized her for abandoning her traditional folk style in exchange for a new pop sound. After the song was licensed to promote Schick Intuition razors, Jewel was accused of \"writing a song that tells us all to resist the total marketing mentality... and then licensing that song to a consumer products company for a huge sales campaign.\"\n Links: a. Jewel (singer) b. Jewel (singer) c. Electronic dance music d. Schick (razors)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}81{"query": "Question: Who was the head coach of the team that Blackpool Borough had formed in 2004? Passage:Blackpool Borough were the first professional rugby league club in the town. However, they eventually folded after leaving the town in 1987. Blackpool Panthers were formed in 2004 and played in Co-operative Championship One. They ground-shared at Bloomfield Road then in 2007 at Woodlands Memorial Ground, the home of Fylde Rugby Club in the neighbouring town of Lytham St Annes. The club ceased to exist after the 2010 season due to lack of finance. Blackpool also has a rugby union club, called Blackpool RUFC. Their home ground is Norbreck Rugby Ground. The resort formerly held the now discontinued Northern Rail Cup Final at Bloomfield Road, a Rugby League knockout competition for all clubs outside of the Super League attracting many thousands of visitors.\n Links: a. Rugby League Championships b. Blackpool Borough c. Blackpool Panthers d. Woodlands Memorial Ground", "pos": "Question: Who was the coach of the team that Brentford lost against in League Cup first round in the 2012-13 season? Passage:Brentford began the season with a disappointing 1–0 defeat at the hands of Walsall in the League Cup first round and hovered around mid-table in League One before coming into form in late October 2012. Summer forward signing Paul Hayes failed to produce regular goals and was replaced by Huddersfield Town loanee Jimmy Spencer, who in turn was replaced by Marcello Trotta and the Italian would remain with the Bees for the duration of the season on loan from West London rivals Fulham. Inspired by the form of attacking midfielder Harry Forrester, an unbeaten run of 9 wins and four draws in 13 matches between 23 October 2012 and 21 January 2013 firmly established the Bees as challengers for automatic promotion, rising as high as 2nd position in the table. Headway was also made in the FA Cup during the same period, with victories over Boreham Wood, Bradford City and Southend United setting up a fourth round tie versus West London neighbours Chelsea at Griffin Park on 27 January. In a match televised on ITV, Brentford twice took the lead through a quick-reaction Marcello Trotta finish and a Harry Forrester penalty, but the Premier League side ensured a replay when Fernando Torres pulled the score back to 2–2 with seven minutes remaining. Brentford were comfortably beaten 4–0 at Stamford Bridge in the replay and the match ended on a sour note when Chelsea defender David Luiz's \"sickening\" late shoulder charge on Bees midfielder Jake Reeves went unpunished and left Reeves concussed.\n Links: a. Fernando Torres b. EFL Cup c. Walsall F.C. d. Fernando Torres", "neg": "Question: Who coaches the championship-winning national rugby team of Madascar? Passage:Antananarivo (French: Tananarive, ), also known by its colonial shorthand form Tana, is the capital and largest city of Madagascar. The larger urban area surrounding the city, known as Antananarivo-Renivohitra (\"Antananarivo-Mother Hill\" or \"Antananarivo-Capital\"), is the capital of Analamanga region. The city sits at above sea level in the center of the island, the highest national capital by elevation among the island countries. It has been the country's largest population center since at least the 18th century. The presidency, National Assembly, Senate and Supreme Court are located there, as are 21 diplomatic missions and the headquarters of many national and international businesses and NGOs. It has more universities, nightclubs, art venues, and medical services than any city on the island. Several national and local sports teams, including the championship-winning national rugby team, the Makis are based here.\n Links: a. National Assembly (Madagascar) b. Makiš c. Senate (Madagascar) d. Senate (Madagascar)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}82{"query": "Question: Did iOS or Android have more users when Bejeweled 2 was released for PlayStation 3? Passage:Bejeweled 2 is a tile-matching puzzle video game. The sequel to Bejeweled, it was developed and published by PopCap Games. In 2004, Bejeweled 2 Deluxe was released, which includes extra game modes and features. Bejeweled 2 Deluxe was released for the Xbox 360 as a downloadable Xbox Live Arcade game on November 22, 2005. In 2007, the game was released on the PlayStation 2 alongside another PopCap game, AstroPop as a two-game compilation pack as PopCap Hits! Volume 1. PopCap also released a version for iOS in 2008. Bejeweled 2 was also released for PlayStation 3 on the PlayStation Network on January 29, 2009, on the Wii via WiiWare on June 14, 2010, and on PlayStation Portable on June 29, 2010, and for Android. As with the original Bejeweled, Bejeweled 2 is based on the Shariki game mechanic.\n Links: a. Ios b. Xbox 360 c. WiiWare d. Ios", "pos": "Question: Which firm had been in business longer when the game was first released, the developer or the publisher? Passage:The Settlers: Heritage of Kings (), released as Heritage of Kings: The Settlers in North America, is a real-time strategy video game developed by Blue Byte and published by Ubisoft. Released in Germany for Microsoft Windows in November 2004, and in the United Kingdom and North America in February 2005, it is the fifth game in The Settlers series. In 2005, Blue Byte released two expansions, The Settlers: Heritage of Kings - Expansion Disc () and The Settlers: Heritage of Kings - Legends Expansion Disc (), in March and September respectively, featuring new single-player campaign missions, new maps for both single-player and multiplayer modes, a map editor, and a random map generator. In November, The Settlers: Heritage of Kings - Gold Edition was released, containing the original game and the first expansion. In 2009, the original game was also released on GOG.com. In 2018, the game was re-released as The Settlers: Heritage of Kings - History Edition.\n Links: a. Ubisoft Blue Byte b. Video game c. Single-player video game d. Microsoft Windows", "neg": "Question: What version of iOS was current the year Bejeweled 2 was released on the platform? Passage:Bejeweled 2 is a tile-matching puzzle video game. The sequel to Bejeweled, it was developed and published by PopCap Games. In 2004, Bejeweled 2 Deluxe was released, which includes extra game modes and features. Bejeweled 2 Deluxe was released for the Xbox 360 as a downloadable Xbox Live Arcade game on November 22, 2005. In 2007, the game was released on the PlayStation 2 alongside another PopCap game, AstroPop as a two-game compilation pack as PopCap Hits! Volume 1. PopCap also released a version for iOS in 2008. Bejeweled 2 was also released for PlayStation 3 on the PlayStation Network on January 29, 2009, on the Wii via WiiWare on June 14, 2010, and on PlayStation Portable on June 29, 2010, and for Android. As with the original Bejeweled, Bejeweled 2 is based on the Shariki game mechanic.\n Links: a. Xbox Live Arcade b. Shariki c. Ios d. PlayStation 3", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}83{"query": "Question: When was the university that Nicolae Bagdasar graduated from in 1922 established? Passage:In October 1916, shortly after Romania entered World War I, he began studying at the reserve officers' school in Botoșani. From spring 1917 to March 1918, he fought on the front as a student master sergeant. He later recalled his wartime experiences in Amintiri. Notații autobiografice, pointing out the absurdity and uselessness of many of the army's actions. He found that officers, rather than judging based on circumstances, hid behind regulations, and that the troops' activities were subject to little real oversight. In October 1918, near the war's end, he enrolled in the literature and philosophy faculty of Bucharest University, graduating in 1922. Initially intending to study sociology, he changed his mind when he found that his professor Ion A. Rădulescu-Pogoneanu did not know the material. Bagdasar then opted for the history of philosophy, taught by a youthful Mircea Florian, whom he found erudite. While a student, he was an editor for Gazeta Transilvaniei, a newspaper based in Brașov, in the newly acquired Transylvania region. Following graduation and with the help of Mihai Popovici, he earned a scholarship at the University of Berlin, where he studied from 1922 to 1926. At Berlin, he took courses with Carl Stumpf, Heinrich Maier and Max Dessoir, and was active in the Kant-Gesellschaft society. He also acquired a solid grounding in Kantianism. He took his doctorate in 1926; it was titled Der Begriff des theoretischen Wertes bei Rickert (\"The Notion of Theoretical Value in Rickert\").\n Links: a. Botoșani b. Kantianism c. University of Bucharest d. Humboldt University of Berlin", "pos": "Question: Which of the univerisities where  Cioculescu  held teaching positions in Romanian literature has the highest student enrollment? Passage:Șerban Cioculescu (; 7 September 1902 – 25 June 1988) was a Romanian literary critic, literary historian and columnist, who held teaching positions in Romanian literature at the University of Iași and the University of Bucharest, as well as membership of the Romanian Academy and chairmanship of its Library. Often described as one of the most representative Romanian critics of the interwar period, he took part in the cultural debates of the age, and, as a left-wing sympathizer who supported secularism, was involved in extended polemics with the traditionalist, far right and nationalist press venues. From early on in his career, Cioculescu was also noted for his selective approach to literary modernism and the avant-garde, preferring to place his cultural references with Neoclassicism.\n Links: a. University of Bucharest b. Romanian Academy c. Alexandru Ioan Cuza University d. Literary modernism", "neg": "Question: Who was the older of the two people that Nicolae Bagdasar took classes with at the University of Berlin? Passage:In October 1916, shortly after Romania entered World War I, he began studying at the reserve officers' school in Botoșani. From spring 1917 to March 1918, he fought on the front as a student master sergeant. He later recalled his wartime experiences in Amintiri. Notații autobiografice, pointing out the absurdity and uselessness of many of the army's actions. He found that officers, rather than judging based on circumstances, hid behind regulations, and that the troops' activities were subject to little real oversight. In October 1918, near the war's end, he enrolled in the literature and philosophy faculty of Bucharest University, graduating in 1922. Initially intending to study sociology, he changed his mind when he found that his professor Ion A. Rădulescu-Pogoneanu did not know the material. Bagdasar then opted for the history of philosophy, taught by a youthful Mircea Florian, whom he found erudite. While a student, he was an editor for Gazeta Transilvaniei, a newspaper based in Brașov, in the newly acquired Transylvania region. Following graduation and with the help of Mihai Popovici, he earned a scholarship at the University of Berlin, where he studied from 1922 to 1926. At Berlin, he took courses with Carl Stumpf, Heinrich Maier and Max Dessoir, and was active in the Kant-Gesellschaft society. He also acquired a solid grounding in Kantianism. He took his doctorate in 1926; it was titled Der Begriff des theoretischen Wertes bei Rickert (\"The Notion of Theoretical Value in Rickert\").\n Links: a. Mihai Popovici b. Ion A. Rădulescu-Pogoneanu c. University of Bucharest d. Carl Stumpf", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}84{"query": "Question: Who is the oldest band that Eric listens to? Passage:Eric is a well-known fan of science fiction, such as  and especially Star Wars, in which he compares himself to Luke Skywalker. He is also known to have a large, beloved collection of G.I. Joe. He listens to artists such as Led Zeppelin, KISS, Aerosmith, Pink Floyd, Lynyrd Skynyrd, Deep Purple, Queen, Styx and Rush. He is also a Beatles fan and has been known to liken his group of friends to them, accusing Jackie of \"breaking up the band\" with her romantic entanglements with Kelso and Hyde (calling her Yoko, in reference to Yoko Ono). It is also hinted that he is both a Batman and Spider-Man fan, having Spider-Man bed sheets and a considerable number of comic books, most of them bearing the Marvel Comics logo with the titular character on the covers. When he fights a fan at the Packers game, he tells Red that he learned his moves from Spider-Man; coincidentally, Topher Grace starred as Eddie Brock, a character who obtains powers very similar to Spider-Man, thus transforming him into the monstrous Venom in Spider-Man 3 in 2007.\n Links: a. Deep Purple b. Led Zeppelin c. Lynyrd Skynyrd d. Deep Purple", "pos": "Question: Which of the magazines that Neil Strauss worked for when he met Marilyn Manson is the oldest? Passage:Neil Strauss, a rock critic and reporter for The New York Times, met Marilyn Manson through his work for Spin and Rolling Stone. Strauss initially perceived Manson as a \"phony\" who had gotten on the gothic rock bandwagon very late; he later came to see Manson as a \"really interesting, really intelligent artist\" with many talents. He went to talk to Manson at a Holiday Inn in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Manson asked Strauss to join him in a hot tub, commenting \"This is going to be an important piece of press.\" Strauss wrote a cover story about Manson for Rolling Stone, which in the view of the Chicago Reader Jim DeRogatis \"legitimized Manson's emergence as one of the most notorious entertainers of the 90s and an enthusiastic bogeyman for the right\". Following the publication of the article, Strauss became Manson's business partner. Later, Manson and Strauss got a deal to write the singer's autobiography for ReganBooks, an imprint of HarperCollins founded by Judith Regan, who was behind Howard Stern's Private Parts (1997). The autobiography shares its title with the Marilyn Manson song \"Long Hard Road Out of Hell\" (1997) and features an introduction written by film director David Lynch; Manson had previously contributed two songs to the soundtrack of Lynch's film Lost Highway (1997) and would later collaborate with the director on a coffee table book titled Genealogies of Pain (2011).\n Links: a. The New York Times b. Spin (magazine) c. Chicago Reader d. Chicago Reader", "neg": "Question: Who plays Spiderman in the movie that Topher Grace appeared in in 2007? Passage:Eric is a well-known fan of science fiction, such as  and especially Star Wars, in which he compares himself to Luke Skywalker. He is also known to have a large, beloved collection of G.I. Joe. He listens to artists such as Led Zeppelin, KISS, Aerosmith, Pink Floyd, Lynyrd Skynyrd, Deep Purple, Queen, Styx and Rush. He is also a Beatles fan and has been known to liken his group of friends to them, accusing Jackie of \"breaking up the band\" with her romantic entanglements with Kelso and Hyde (calling her Yoko, in reference to Yoko Ono). It is also hinted that he is both a Batman and Spider-Man fan, having Spider-Man bed sheets and a considerable number of comic books, most of them bearing the Marvel Comics logo with the titular character on the covers. When he fights a fan at the Packers game, he tells Red that he learned his moves from Spider-Man; coincidentally, Topher Grace starred as Eddie Brock, a character who obtains powers very similar to Spider-Man, thus transforming him into the monstrous Venom in Spider-Man 3 in 2007.\n Links: a. The Beatles b. Styx (band) c. Spider-Man 3 d. Styx (band)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}85{"query": "Question: Who founded the program Golay led between 1970 and 1976? Passage:Golay was born in Windsor, Missouri, on July 2, 1915, and served in the United States Navy during World War II. After his military service, Golay obtained a doctorate in economics from the University of Chicago in 1951, and worked for the Federal Reserve Board until 1953, when he joined the Cornell University as an assistant professor of economics and Asian studies. In 1960, Golay received a Guggenheim fellowship. He was named chair of the Cornell Department of Economics in 1963, and left the position in 1967. He taught at SOAS, University of London as a visiting professor on a Fulbright grant from 1965 to 1966. Between 1970 and 1976, Golay led the Cornell Southeast Asia Program. Golay was a visiting professor at the University of the Philippines from 1973 to 1974 as a recipient of a Rockefeller Foundation grant. He retired from Cornell in 1981, and served as president of the Association for Asian Studies in 1985. Golay died on August 31, 1990, at the veterans' hospital in Oxford, New York.\n Links: a. SOAS University of London b. Federal Reserve Board of Governors c. Cornell Southeast Asia Program d. Cornell Southeast Asia Program", "pos": "Question: Which grant Golay received was founded more recently compared to the other? Passage:Golay was born in Windsor, Missouri, on July 2, 1915, and served in the United States Navy during World War II. After his military service, Golay obtained a doctorate in economics from the University of Chicago in 1951, and worked for the Federal Reserve Board until 1953, when he joined the Cornell University as an assistant professor of economics and Asian studies. In 1960, Golay received a Guggenheim fellowship. He was named chair of the Cornell Department of Economics in 1963, and left the position in 1967. He taught at SOAS, University of London as a visiting professor on a Fulbright grant from 1965 to 1966. Between 1970 and 1976, Golay led the Cornell Southeast Asia Program. Golay was a visiting professor at the University of the Philippines from 1973 to 1974 as a recipient of a Rockefeller Foundation grant. He retired from Cornell in 1981, and served as president of the Association for Asian Studies in 1985. Golay died on August 31, 1990, at the veterans' hospital in Oxford, New York.\n Links: a. Rockefeller Foundation b. Cornell University c. Fulbright Program d. University of the Philippines", "neg": "Question: How many members does the organization Golay served as president of in 1985 have worldwide? Passage:Golay was born in Windsor, Missouri, on July 2, 1915, and served in the United States Navy during World War II. After his military service, Golay obtained a doctorate in economics from the University of Chicago in 1951, and worked for the Federal Reserve Board until 1953, when he joined the Cornell University as an assistant professor of economics and Asian studies. In 1960, Golay received a Guggenheim fellowship. He was named chair of the Cornell Department of Economics in 1963, and left the position in 1967. He taught at SOAS, University of London as a visiting professor on a Fulbright grant from 1965 to 1966. Between 1970 and 1976, Golay led the Cornell Southeast Asia Program. Golay was a visiting professor at the University of the Philippines from 1973 to 1974 as a recipient of a Rockefeller Foundation grant. He retired from Cornell in 1981, and served as president of the Association for Asian Studies in 1985. Golay died on August 31, 1990, at the veterans' hospital in Oxford, New York.\n Links: a. Association for Asian Studies b. SOAS University of London c. Cornell Southeast Asia Program d. Windsor, Missouri", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}86{"query": "Question: Who were Bari's teammates on the UAE U-19 cricket team during the ACC U-19 Cup in Nepal? Passage:Bari was born in Dubai. Having earlier represented his country at under-15 and under-17 level, he played for the UAE under-19s at the 2005 ACC Under-19 Cup in Nepal and the 2007 ACC Under-19 Elite Cup in Malaysia. His performance at the 2005 tournament included figures of 3/31 against Kuwait and 2/20 against Malaysia, while at the 2007 tournament he top-scored with 45 against Singapore. Bari made his senior debut for the UAE in November 2006, appearing against Nepal in an ACC Premier League match. His first-class debut came the following month, in an ICC Intercontinental Cup match against Namibia. He took a five-wicket haul, 5/130, in Namibia's only innings, but his team lost by an innings and 149 runs. Bari has since made another three Intercontinental Cup appearances, playing against Ireland in 2007 and against Kenya in 2008 and 2011. He also represented the UAE at the 2007 and 2013 ACC Twenty20 Cups.\n Links: a. 2005 ACC Under-19 Cup b. United Arab Emirates national under-19 cricket team c. Nepal national cricket team d. 2007 ACC Twenty20 Cup", "pos": "Question: Which South East Asian country Bari played against in the ACC U-19 Cup had a higher international ranking in cricket? Passage:Bari was born in Dubai. Having earlier represented his country at under-15 and under-17 level, he played for the UAE under-19s at the 2005 ACC Under-19 Cup in Nepal and the 2007 ACC Under-19 Elite Cup in Malaysia. His performance at the 2005 tournament included figures of 3/31 against Kuwait and 2/20 against Malaysia, while at the 2007 tournament he top-scored with 45 against Singapore. Bari made his senior debut for the UAE in November 2006, appearing against Nepal in an ACC Premier League match. His first-class debut came the following month, in an ICC Intercontinental Cup match against Namibia. He took a five-wicket haul, 5/130, in Namibia's only innings, but his team lost by an innings and 149 runs. Bari has since made another three Intercontinental Cup appearances, playing against Ireland in 2007 and against Kenya in 2008 and 2011. He also represented the UAE at the 2007 and 2013 ACC Twenty20 Cups.\n Links: a. First-class cricket b. Malaysia national under-19 cricket team c. 2005 ACC Under-19 Cup d. Dubai", "neg": "Question: Which edition of the ACC Twenty20 Cups that Bari played in was the UAE national team placed the highest? Passage:Bari was born in Dubai. Having earlier represented his country at under-15 and under-17 level, he played for the UAE under-19s at the 2005 ACC Under-19 Cup in Nepal and the 2007 ACC Under-19 Elite Cup in Malaysia. His performance at the 2005 tournament included figures of 3/31 against Kuwait and 2/20 against Malaysia, while at the 2007 tournament he top-scored with 45 against Singapore. Bari made his senior debut for the UAE in November 2006, appearing against Nepal in an ACC Premier League match. His first-class debut came the following month, in an ICC Intercontinental Cup match against Namibia. He took a five-wicket haul, 5/130, in Namibia's only innings, but his team lost by an innings and 149 runs. Bari has since made another three Intercontinental Cup appearances, playing against Ireland in 2007 and against Kenya in 2008 and 2011. He also represented the UAE at the 2007 and 2013 ACC Twenty20 Cups.\n Links: a. 2007 ACC Twenty20 Cup b. Dubai c. Namibia national cricket team d. Singapore national under-19 cricket team", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}87{"query": "Question: How many times has the game been held that McBriar was selected to during the 2010 season? Passage:In 2009, he had a team record 38 punts downed inside the red zone, ranking third in the NFL and sixth all-time in a single season in league history. With the injury of Brad Johnson that same year, he took up holding duties for the Cowboys on field goals and extra point attempts. However, after several missed field goals, holding duties were handed over to Tony Romo in the 13th game versus the San Diego Chargers. McBriar resumed his role as the team's holder during the 2010 season, in which he also was named to his second Pro Bowl, after leading the NFL in both gross punting average (47.9 yards) and net average (41.7). He also had 22 punts downed inside the red zone, with eight touchbacks.\n Links: a. Pro Bowl b. Field goal c. History of the San Diego Chargers d. Touchback", "pos": "Question: How many field goals were made by the Patriots starting kicker in 2011? Passage:Following their win over the Chargers, the Patriots flew to Orchard Park, New York for an AFC East duel with the Buffalo Bills. The Patriots grabbed the lead in the first quarter, with quarterback Tom Brady throwing two touchdown passes – a 14-yarder to wide receiver Wes Welker and a 1-yarder to tight end Rob Gronkowski. The Patriots added to their lead in the second quarter, with Brady connecting with Rob Gronkowski on a 26-yard touchdown pass. The Patriots lead was now 21-0 halfway through the second quarter. The Bills responded, with quarterback Ryan Fitzpatrick throwing an 11-yard touchdown pass to wide receiver Steve Johnson, followed by a 42-yard field goal by placekicker Ryan Lindell. The Bills narrowed the Patriots' lead in the third quarter, with a 3-yard touchdown pass from Fitzpatrick to tight end Scott Chandler. The Patriots increased their lead, with a 23-yard field goal by placekicker Stephen Gostkowski. The Bills tied the game in the fourth quarter, with a 1-yard touchdown run by running back Fred Jackson, then grabbed a 31–24 lead when cornerback Drayton Florence returned a Brady interception 27 yards for a touchdown. The Patriots tied the game, with a 6-yard touchdown pass from Brady to Welker. However, the Bills got the last possession, and after a touchdown that was ruled that Fred Jackson's knee hit the ground before he was in the endzone, the Bills killed clock by draining time and making the Patriots use timeouts. The Bills then won as Lindell nailed a 28-yard field goal as time expired, snapping the Patriots' 15-game winning streak against the Bills.\n Links: a. Stephen Gostkowski b. Stephen Gostkowski c. Ryan Fitzpatrick d. Stevie Johnson", "neg": "Question: What is the furthest the Chiefs' kicker has scored a field goal? Passage:The Chargers flew to Arrowhead Stadium for a Week 7 fight with their AFC West rival, the Kansas City Chiefs. In the first quarter, San Diego fell behind early with KC QB Damon Huard completing an 11-yard TD pass to TE Kris Wilson and a 21-yard TD pass to WR Eddie Kennison. In the second quarter, the Chargers got on the board with kicker Nate Kaeding making a 39-yard field goal, yet Kansas City would respond with an 11-yard run by RB Larry Johnson. Kaeding made a 31-yard field goal for San Diego to end the half. In the third quarter, both teams swapped touchdowns, as QB Philip Rivers threw a 1-yard TD pass to TE Antonio Gates, while Johnson got a 1-yard TD run. In the fourth quarter, RB LaDainian Tomlinson caught a 37-yard TD pass and then threw a 1-yard TD pass to TE Brandon Manumaleuna. Kansas City Chiefs kicker Lawrence Tynes was good on a 53-yard field goal to seal the win for Kansas City, dropping San Diego to 4–2.\n Links: a. Kansas City Chiefs b. Philip Rivers c. Lawrence Tynes d. Brandon Manumaleuna", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}88{"query": "Question: What is the population of the country Pollaczek was visiting when the Germans completed their occupation of  Czechoslovakia. Passage:Austria was subsumed into Germany in 1938. Germany had been governed by Nazis since 1933, according to the twin tenets of populism through the ages: hope and hatred. The hatred was focused on Communists and Jews, and took increasingly sinister and destructive forms. Clara Katharina Pollaczek was subject to antisemitic persecution. She may have owed her survival to her possession of a Czechoslovak passport, acquired as a result of the marriage to Pollaczek. Two days after German troops were welcomed by cheering crowds into Vienna marking Austria's incorporation into Nazi Germany, she crossed to Prague where she lived for a while. When, in 1939, the Germans completed their occupation of Czechoslovakia, she was visiting friends in Switzerland. She stayed in Switzerland, receiving financial support from relatives, till war ended in 1945. During this period she became a Roman Catholic. (The last practicing Jew in her family had been her grandfather.) In 1945 she joined her son Karl who had ended up in Gillingham in England, but he was married with children: the home was cramped and, unlike her younger son, Clara did not feel settled in England. It was her brother, the lawyer Otto Loeb, who organised her return to Vienna in 1948.\n Links: a. Switzerland b. Antisemitism c. Gillingham, Kent d. World War II", "pos": "Question: When was the country Ottwalt passed through on his way to the Soviet Union founded? Passage:In 1933, Ottwalt and his wife, Waltraut, left Germany and went into exile in Denmark, then, by way of Czechoslovakia, ended up in the Soviet Union. Living in Moscow, Ottwalt wrote for the German exile magazine Internationale Literatur (published by Johannes R. Becher) and was an editor at Vegaar Bibliothek. He also wrote for the Deutsche Zentral Zeitung. In 1936, he and his wife were ensnared in the Stalinist purges and arrested by the Soviet secret police, the NKVD. He was charged with suspicion of espionage, sentenced to forced labor and deported to a gulag near Archangelsk. His wife was sentenced to forced labor in Kotlas. She was deported back to Germany in January 1941 and didn't learn about his death until January 1958, when the Soviet Red Cross informed her that her husband had died on 24 August 1943.\n Links: a. Czechoslovakia b. International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement c. Czechoslovakia d. Gulag", "neg": "Question: How many people attended the conference held near Berlin in January 1942? Passage:Following the invasion of Poland in 1939 most of the 3.5 million Polish Jews were rounded up and put into newly established ghettos by Nazi Germany. The system was intended to isolate the Jews from the outside world in order to facilitate their exploitation and abuse. The supply of food was inadequate, living conditions were cramped and unsanitary, and the Jews had no way to earn money. Malnutrition and lack of medicine led to soaring mortality rates. In 1941, the initial victories of the Wehrmacht over the Soviet Union inspired plans for the German colonisation of occupied Poland, including all territory within the new district of General Government. At the Wannsee Conference held near Berlin on 20 January 1942, new plans were outlined for the genocide of the Jews, known as the \"Final Solution\" to the Jewish Question. The extermination programme was codenamed Aktion Reinhard in German, to differentiate it from the Einsatzgruppen mass killing operations in territories conquered by Nazi Germany, in which half a million Jews had already been annihilated.\n Links: a. Einsatzgruppen b. Wannsee Conference c. Operation Reinhard d. General Government", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}89{"query": "Question: Was the crime rate in London higher than San Francisco the year Mitchison returned to San Francisco? Passage:Mitchison returned to the UK for postdoctoral research at the National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR) in London. In 1988 he returned to San Francisco where he was appointed assistant professor at UCSF. In 1994 he wrote an opinion piece for the journal Chemistry & Biology titled \"Towards a pharmacological genetics\" which helped to launch the field of chemical genetics. In 1997 he moved to Harvard University to become co-director of the Institute for Chemistry and Cell Biology at Harvard Medical School, where he pioneered phenotype-based screening, discovering the small molecule monastrol – the first small-molecule inhibitor of mitosis that does not target tubulin. Monastrol was shown to inhibit kinesin-5, a motor protein. In 2003 he became Deputy Chair of the newly formed Department of Systems Biology, chaired by Marc Kirschner. He works on aspects of mesoscale biology including the self-organization of the cytoskeleton and of cytoplasm. He collaborates extensively with Christine Field on the mechanism of cytokinesis.\n Links: a. San Francisco b. Cytokinesis c. San Francisco d. Mitosis", "pos": "Question: When was the hospital where Peter McGuffin completed his training as a psychiatrist founded? Passage:He completed his training as a psychiatrist at the Maudsley Hospital, London and was awarded a Medical Research Council Fellowship to study genetics at the University of London and at Washington University in St Louis, Missouri where he spent a formative 18 months under the mentorship of Theodore (Ted) Reich and Irving I Gottesman. He completed a PhD with a thesis describing one of the first multi marker genetic linkage studies in schizophrenia. He subsequently became an MRC Senior Clinical Fellow at the Maudsley and the Institute of Psychiatry (now part of King's College London) and then took up the Chair of Psychological Medicine at the University of Wales College of Medicine in Cardiff in 1987. He subsequently established the Cardiff department as one of the World’s leading centres for psychiatric genetic research and was among the early pioneers of multi-centre international collaborations in psychiatric genetics such as the European Science Foundation programme on the Molecular Neurobiology of Mental Illness. He moved back to London as successor to Prof Sir Michael Rutter as Director of the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre at the Institute of Psychiatry in October 1998. From January 2007 to December 2009, he was the Dean of the Institute of Psychiatry. He was elected a founder Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences in 1998. Despite his very early Freudian leanings, McGuffin’s research, his books and papers have been mainly on the genetics of normal and abnormal behaviour.\n Links: a. Maudsley Hospital b. Missouri c. Maudsley Hospital d. Academy of Medical Sciences (United Kingdom)", "neg": "Question: Where was the person with whom Morrey studied under at Harvard born? Passage:Morrey graduated from Ohio State University with a B.A. in 1927 and a M.A. in 1928, and then studied at Harvard University under the supervision of George Birkhoff, obtaining a Ph.D. in 1931 with a thesis entitled Invariant functions of Conservative Surface Transformations. After being awarded his Ph.D, he was a National Research Council Fellow at Princeton, at the Rice Institute and finally at the University of Chicago. He became a professor of mathematics at UC Berkeley in 1933, hired by Griffith Conrad Evans, and was a faculty member until his retirement in 1973. In Berkeley, he was early given several administrative duties, for example being the Chairman of the Department of Mathematics during the period 1949–1954, and being the Acting Chairman, the Vice Chairman and the Director of the Institute of Pure and Applied Mathematics at various times. During the years 1937–1938 and 1954–1955 he was a member of the Institute for Advanced Studies: he was also Visiting Assistant Professor at Northwestern University, Visiting Professor at the University of Chicago and Miller Research Professor at Berkeley. During World War II he was employed as a mathematician at the U.S. Ballistic Research Laboratory in Maryland.\n Links: a. Doctor of Philosophy b. Bachelor of Arts c. University of Chicago d. George David Birkhoff", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}90{"query": "Question: Did the highest scoring fighter ace have any siblings? Passage:After a short rest, the 90th continued across the Moselle River to take Mainz, 22 March, and crossed the rivers Rhine, the Main, and the Werra in rapid succession. Pursuit continued to the Czech border, 18 April 1945, and into the Sudetes mountain range. The division was en route to Prague when they came upon the remaining 1500 emaciated prisoners left behind by the SS at Flossenbürg concentration camp. Today, a memorial wall at the former camp honors the 90th as the liberators of Flossenbürg concentration camp. A week later, word came that the war in Europe ended on 8 May 1945. On that same day, Erich Hartmann, the highest-scoring fighter ace in history, along with a squadron of the elite Jagdgeschwader 52 fighter wing (the highest-scoring fighter wing in history), surrendered to the 90th.\n Links: a. Main (river) b. Jagdgeschwader 52 c. Prague d. Erich Hartmann", "pos": "Question: What is the highest point of the land formation the 90th Infantry Division entered in April of 1945? Passage:After a short rest, the 90th continued across the Moselle River to take Mainz, 22 March, and crossed the rivers Rhine, the Main, and the Werra in rapid succession. Pursuit continued to the Czech border, 18 April 1945, and into the Sudetes mountain range. The division was en route to Prague when they came upon the remaining 1500 emaciated prisoners left behind by the SS at Flossenbürg concentration camp. Today, a memorial wall at the former camp honors the 90th as the liberators of Flossenbürg concentration camp. A week later, word came that the war in Europe ended on 8 May 1945. On that same day, Erich Hartmann, the highest-scoring fighter ace in history, along with a squadron of the elite Jagdgeschwader 52 fighter wing (the highest-scoring fighter wing in history), surrendered to the 90th.\n Links: a. Flossenbürg concentration camp b. Main (river) c. European theatre of World War II d. Sudetes", "neg": "Question: Of the three rivers the 90th Infantry Division crossed together, which is the widest? Passage:After a short rest, the 90th continued across the Moselle River to take Mainz, 22 March, and crossed the rivers Rhine, the Main, and the Werra in rapid succession. Pursuit continued to the Czech border, 18 April 1945, and into the Sudetes mountain range. The division was en route to Prague when they came upon the remaining 1500 emaciated prisoners left behind by the SS at Flossenbürg concentration camp. Today, a memorial wall at the former camp honors the 90th as the liberators of Flossenbürg concentration camp. A week later, word came that the war in Europe ended on 8 May 1945. On that same day, Erich Hartmann, the highest-scoring fighter ace in history, along with a squadron of the elite Jagdgeschwader 52 fighter wing (the highest-scoring fighter wing in history), surrendered to the 90th.\n Links: a. Mainz b. Prague c. Rhine d. Rhine", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}91{"query": "Question: When did the captain who allegedly discovered Falkland Islands died? Passage:The Falkland Islands have been claimed and occupied by several nations throughout its history, who generally used their national flags on the islands. It wasn't until 1876 that the islands were given a flag of their own, which consisted of a Blue Ensign defaced with the seal of the islands - an image of HMS Hebe (which brought many of the early British settlers to the islands, including Richard Moody, in the 1840s) in Falkland Sound, overlooked by a bullock (representing feral cattle which once roamed the islands). A new coat-of-arms for the islands was introduced on 16 October 1925, consisting of the Desire (which was captained by John Davis who is reputed to have discovered the islands in 1592) and a sea lion in a shield surrounded by the motto of the islands, Desire the Right. This coat-of-arms later replaced the image of the bullock and ship on the flag.\n Links: a. Cattle b. Cattle c. National flag d. John Davis (explorer)", "pos": "Question: Where was the commander of the Antarctic vessel born? Passage:He led the 1901-1904 Swedish Antarctic Expedition, aboard the ship Antarctic. The expedition visited the Falkland Islands before the ship, commanded by seasoned Antarctic sailor Carl Anton Larsen, dropped Nordenskjöld's party off at Snow Hill Island, a small island off the coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. Nordenskiöld overwintered at Snow Hill Island, while Antarctic returned to the Falklands. The following summer Larsen brought her south, intending to retrieve the Nordenskiöld party, but she became trapped in ice which eventually crushed her hull, forcing Larsen and his crew to overwinter in a hastily constructed shelter on Paulet Island. Larsen and Nordenskjöld finally rendezvoused at their fall-back rescue hut at Hope Bay in late 1903, where they were picked up by the Argentine Navy corvette ARA Uruguay (commanded by Julián Irízar), which had been dispatched when Antarctic had failed to make her appointed return to South America the previous year. Despite its end and the great hardships endured, the expedition was considered a scientific success, with the parties having explored much of the eastern coast of Graham Land, including Cape Longing, James Ross Island, the Joinville Island group, and the Palmer Archipelago. The expedition, which also recovered valuable geological samples and samples of marine animals, earned Nordenskjöld lasting fame at home, but its huge cost left him greatly in debt.\n Links: a. Antarctic Peninsula b. Paulet Island c. Antarctic Peninsula d. Carl Anton Larsen", "neg": "Question: What was the displacement of the British ship that appeared on the coat-of-arms for Falkland Islands? Passage:The Falkland Islands have been claimed and occupied by several nations throughout its history, who generally used their national flags on the islands. It wasn't until 1876 that the islands were given a flag of their own, which consisted of a Blue Ensign defaced with the seal of the islands - an image of HMS Hebe (which brought many of the early British settlers to the islands, including Richard Moody, in the 1840s) in Falkland Sound, overlooked by a bullock (representing feral cattle which once roamed the islands). A new coat-of-arms for the islands was introduced on 16 October 1925, consisting of the Desire (which was captained by John Davis who is reputed to have discovered the islands in 1592) and a sea lion in a shield surrounded by the motto of the islands, Desire the Right. This coat-of-arms later replaced the image of the bullock and ship on the flag.\n Links: a. Falkland Islands sovereignty dispute b. Motto c. Desire (ship) d. Cattle", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}92{"query": "Question: What is the population of the city where Wayne Russell is from? Passage:In July 2008, Kamloops MLA Claude Richmond announced he would not seek re-election in the May 2009 provincial election. Consequently, Lake announced that he would not stand for re-election as mayor but would instead seek to replace Richmond. With MLA Kevin Krueger moving to the new Kamloops-South Thompson riding, Lake was unopposed for BC Liberal nomination in the Kamloops-North Thompson. The election was expected to be close but Lake ultimately defeated the NDP candidate Doug Brown, student April Snowe for the Green Party, Clearwater resident Wayne Russell of the Refederation Party, and the Work Less Party's Keston Broughton. Lake's BC Liberals won the election and formed a majority government under Premier Gordon Campbell. In the first two sessions of the 39th Parliament Lake was appointed to the Select Standing Committee on Aboriginal Affairs and the Select Standing Committee on Health, however neither of those committees held any meetings. Premier Campbell did not include Lake in the cabinet but he was appointed as the Parliamentary Secretary for the Ranching Task Force under the Ministry of Agriculture and Lands. The Ranching Task Force began its work in July to review the province's role in the ranching industry, an industry which had been facing setbacks such as declining cattle prices and fewer exports following a Bovine spongiform encephalopathy outbreak and a strengthen currency value (relative to the US dollar). The task force's final report and recommendations were sent to the Minister of Agriculture and Lands in November 2009.\n Links: a. Clearwater, British Columbia b. Work Less Party of British Columbia c. Premier of British Columbia d. Bovine spongiform encephalopathy", "pos": "Question: How many people live in the city where Stevens grew up? Passage:Stevens grew up in Sydney and was an accountant and public servant before entering politics. He was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly at the 1927 state election, as a member of the Nationalist Party. In 1929, he was appointed state treasurer under Thomas Bavin, serving until his party lost the 1930 election. In 1932, Stevens was elected as the inaugural leader of the state branch of the UAP. He became premier later that year, following the dismissal of Labor's Jack Lang, and subsequently led his party to victory at the 1932, 1935, and 1938 elections. Stevens was ousted in 1939 and replaced by Alexander Mair. He made an abortive attempt to enter federal politics at the 1940 election, and thereafter played little part in public life.\n Links: a. Sydney b. Sydney c. 1935 New South Wales state election d. 1940 Australian federal election", "neg": "Question: Which province had a larger population the year Fraser moved to Alberta, British Columbia or Ontario? Passage:Scott Fraser was born and raised in Ottawa, Ontario, and attended Carleton University. In 1979 he moved to Alberta and worked on the oil rigs throughout the province and in the Arctic. He eventually moved to Vancouver, British Columbia, then, in 1992, to Tofino. With his wife and young daughter, he opened a bed and breakfast business. Only four years later, Fraser became the mayor of Tofino. He was mayor from November 1996 to November 1999, a time when tourism was over-taking logging and fishing as the town's dominant industry. Fraser was supportive of the application to the United Nations to designate Clayoquot Sound as a biosphere site; Clayoquot Sound was listed as a Biosphere Reserve in 2000. Fraser was the subject of a complaint filed at the British Columbia Ombudsman by one of his councillors, Ken Gibson. The mayor and council issued a resolution stating that Gibson had violated conflict-of-interest laws, using his position on council to influence zoning restrictions on his property. Gibson challenged the resolution at the BC Supreme Court which ruled in Gibson's favour, ordering that Gibson be re-instated as a councillor. The mayor and council voted in favour of appealing the decision but the Court of Appeal upheld the decision. Fraser was defeated in his attempt at re-election as mayor. In 2000, the former mayor was appointed to Tourism BC's board of directors and to the Clayoquot Sound Central Region Board which considered pre-treaty land use-related decisions. He accepted job as an assistant manager of the Tofino Harbour Authority and served as the chairman of the Working Sound Shellfish Committee.\n Links: a. Tourism British Columbia b. Tourism British Columbia c. Ontario d. World Network of Biosphere Reserves in Europe and North America", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}93{"query": "Question: Was the first president still alive when Santander was elected President? Passage:The Office of the Presidency goes back to the Congress of Angostura. This quasi-constituent assembly was formed to lay the ground work for a self-ruled governing administration after independence. The Constituent Assembly was formed by regional leaders that represented areas under rebel control; these areas did not include parts of what is now Colombia, as those areas were still under Spanish control, but aimed to legislate on its behalf. Congress elected an interim-executive officer and vested this figure with the title of President. Chosen to be first President of Colombia, was General Simón Bolívar y Palacios, leader of the revolutionary forces, who up to that point was titled \"Supreme Chief\" for his role in the revolution. The following day, Congress elected Francisco Antonio Zea Díaz, first Vice President of Colombia. Bolívar was subsequently re-elected interim President by the Angostura Assembly on after Colombia was conquered following the Battle of Boyacá, and elected again in 1821 in a permanent interim basis, pending national elections, by the Congress of Cúcuta, another constituent assembly mandated by the Angostura Assembly, and this time with elected officials representing the Colombian territories, during this time, and until 1826, the executive power was entrusted to the Vice President Francisco de Paula Santander y Omaña, while Bolívar was away in battle fighting to liberate Spanish colonies in Bolivia, and Peru. Bolívar was formally elected in a national election in 1826 for a period of four years, but on 27 August 1828, Bolívar declared martial law and assumed dictatorship style powers after the Congress of Ocaña failed to pass a new constitution. Bolívar eventually relinquished power in 1830, and Congress elected Joaquín de Mosquera y Arboleda as his successor, but was shortly deposed by General Rafael Urdaneta y Faría who hoped Bolívar would once again re-take power, but Bolívar not only declined the Presidency, but also shortly died, leaving Urdaneta with no mandate for power. Urdaneta ceded executive-power to the Vice President Domingo Caycedo y Sanz de Santamaría, as Congress had impeached Mosquera for his failure to prevent the coup; during this time, and until 1832 the Presidency remained vacant as there was no law for succession of power. In 1832, former Vice President Santander was elected by Congress as President of Gran Colombia, and it would be the last, since the territories of Venezuela and Ecuador broke away, which prompted the drafting of a new constitution.\n Links: a. Constituent assembly b. Rafael Urdaneta c. Simón Bolívar d. Simón Bolívar", "pos": "Question: In what city was the man Santander replaced as president born? Passage:The Office of the Presidency goes back to the Congress of Angostura. This quasi-constituent assembly was formed to lay the ground work for a self-ruled governing administration after independence. The Constituent Assembly was formed by regional leaders that represented areas under rebel control; these areas did not include parts of what is now Colombia, as those areas were still under Spanish control, but aimed to legislate on its behalf. Congress elected an interim-executive officer and vested this figure with the title of President. Chosen to be first President of Colombia, was General Simón Bolívar y Palacios, leader of the revolutionary forces, who up to that point was titled \"Supreme Chief\" for his role in the revolution. The following day, Congress elected Francisco Antonio Zea Díaz, first Vice President of Colombia. Bolívar was subsequently re-elected interim President by the Angostura Assembly on after Colombia was conquered following the Battle of Boyacá, and elected again in 1821 in a permanent interim basis, pending national elections, by the Congress of Cúcuta, another constituent assembly mandated by the Angostura Assembly, and this time with elected officials representing the Colombian territories, during this time, and until 1826, the executive power was entrusted to the Vice President Francisco de Paula Santander y Omaña, while Bolívar was away in battle fighting to liberate Spanish colonies in Bolivia, and Peru. Bolívar was formally elected in a national election in 1826 for a period of four years, but on 27 August 1828, Bolívar declared martial law and assumed dictatorship style powers after the Congress of Ocaña failed to pass a new constitution. Bolívar eventually relinquished power in 1830, and Congress elected Joaquín de Mosquera y Arboleda as his successor, but was shortly deposed by General Rafael Urdaneta y Faría who hoped Bolívar would once again re-take power, but Bolívar not only declined the Presidency, but also shortly died, leaving Urdaneta with no mandate for power. Urdaneta ceded executive-power to the Vice President Domingo Caycedo y Sanz de Santamaría, as Congress had impeached Mosquera for his failure to prevent the coup; during this time, and until 1832 the Presidency remained vacant as there was no law for succession of power. In 1832, former Vice President Santander was elected by Congress as President of Gran Colombia, and it would be the last, since the territories of Venezuela and Ecuador broke away, which prompted the drafting of a new constitution.\n Links: a. Battle of Boyacá b. Martial law c. Joaquín Mosquera d. Francisco Antonio Zea", "neg": "Question: Between the first president and the first vice president of Colombia, who was older? Passage:The Office of the Presidency goes back to the Congress of Angostura. This quasi-constituent assembly was formed to lay the ground work for a self-ruled governing administration after independence. The Constituent Assembly was formed by regional leaders that represented areas under rebel control; these areas did not include parts of what is now Colombia, as those areas were still under Spanish control, but aimed to legislate on its behalf. Congress elected an interim-executive officer and vested this figure with the title of President. Chosen to be first President of Colombia, was General Simón Bolívar y Palacios, leader of the revolutionary forces, who up to that point was titled \"Supreme Chief\" for his role in the revolution. The following day, Congress elected Francisco Antonio Zea Díaz, first Vice President of Colombia. Bolívar was subsequently re-elected interim President by the Angostura Assembly on after Colombia was conquered following the Battle of Boyacá, and elected again in 1821 in a permanent interim basis, pending national elections, by the Congress of Cúcuta, another constituent assembly mandated by the Angostura Assembly, and this time with elected officials representing the Colombian territories, during this time, and until 1826, the executive power was entrusted to the Vice President Francisco de Paula Santander y Omaña, while Bolívar was away in battle fighting to liberate Spanish colonies in Bolivia, and Peru. Bolívar was formally elected in a national election in 1826 for a period of four years, but on 27 August 1828, Bolívar declared martial law and assumed dictatorship style powers after the Congress of Ocaña failed to pass a new constitution. Bolívar eventually relinquished power in 1830, and Congress elected Joaquín de Mosquera y Arboleda as his successor, but was shortly deposed by General Rafael Urdaneta y Faría who hoped Bolívar would once again re-take power, but Bolívar not only declined the Presidency, but also shortly died, leaving Urdaneta with no mandate for power. Urdaneta ceded executive-power to the Vice President Domingo Caycedo y Sanz de Santamaría, as Congress had impeached Mosquera for his failure to prevent the coup; during this time, and until 1832 the Presidency remained vacant as there was no law for succession of power. In 1832, former Vice President Santander was elected by Congress as President of Gran Colombia, and it would be the last, since the territories of Venezuela and Ecuador broke away, which prompted the drafting of a new constitution.\n Links: a. Simón Bolívar b. Constituent assembly c. Congress of Angostura d. Battle of Boyacá", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}94{"query": "Question: How many people reside in the city where US 311 begins at the US 52/NC 8 interchange? Passage:US 311 begins at the US 52/NC 8 interchange in Winston-Salem, NC. It follows N Martin Luther King Jr Dr for a short time before continuing northeast along a two-lane road. It travels northeast and intersects NC 66 at the edge of Walkertown, then turns to follow Harley Drive and turns again to follow Main Street through town. Leaving Walkertown, the road takes the local name of Walnut Cove Road. At the southern edge of the town of Walnut Cove NC 65 joins for a short concurrency. At the northern boundary of Walnut Cove, NC 89 has its terminus at US 311, and the highway turns northeast. North Carolina Highway 772 terminates at US 311 near Pine Hall and entering the town of Madison, US 311 takes a westerly route. West of Madison, it joins with Future Interstate 73/US 220 briefly to Mayodan, then leaving the freeway, it joins with NC 135 towards Eden. Three other NC routes join with 311 in Eden in short succession: NC 770, NC 87 and NC 14, then the 4 joined routes cross the Dan River along Van Buren Street in Eden. US 311 leaves Van Buren Street on a grade-separated interchange onto Meadow Road near the Eden Mall, heading northeast into a rural area before crossing into Virginia.\n Links: a. Eden, North Carolina b. Eden, North Carolina c. Madison, North Carolina d. Winston-Salem, North Carolina", "pos": "Question: What is the population of the city where State Routh 347 heads north to? Passage:The western terminus of SR 84 is located at exit 151 on I-8 in southern Arizona. From this diamond interchange, it heads towards the northeast to an intersection with State Route 347 which heads north to Maricopa. SR 84 acts as the southern terminus of SR 347. SR 84 continues east from this intersection passing a large cattle farming facility, home to Shamrock Farms. Immediately east of the cattle farm, SR 84 enters Stanfield acting as the main street through town. Where the first few miles of SR 84 pass through mostly empty desert much of the landscape east of SR 347 comprises agricultural land. East of Stanfield, SR 84 crosses the southern edge of the Francisco Grande golf resort before crossing over a large irrigation canal on a bridge. Just east of the canal, SR 84 enters the outskirts of Casa Grande. SR 84 then proceeds to curve under the Union Pacific Railroad via a highway underpass. SR 84 reaches its signed eastern terminus at a junction with SR 287 (Pinal Avenue) and SR 387 (Florence Boulevard) in downtown Casa Grande at a traffic controlled intersection. Both SR 287 and SR 387 provide connections to Interstate 10 from SR 84's signed terminus.\n Links: a. Arizona State Route 287 b. Arizona State Route 347 c. Arizona State Route 387 d. Maricopa, Arizona", "neg": "Question: What is the current population of the town where Highway 28 has a junction with US Highway 71? Passage:The highway begins at Highway 28 in western Scott County within the Ouachita Mountains. Highway 28 runs southeast to Waldron, where it has a junction with US Highway 71 (US 71) on the city's west side. After this intersection, Highway 80 continues due east as a section line road and major east–west route in the city. An intersection with US Highway 71 Business (US 71B) just south of downtown Waldron gives access to the primary commercial areas of Waldron. Continuing east, the highway serves as the western terminus for Highway 248 just south of the Poteau River near the eastern city limits of Waldron. Just east of this junction, Highway 80 passes the Poteau Work Center owned and operated by the United States Forest Service. East of Waldron, Highway 80 enters the Ouachita National Forest, a dense pine and cypress forest. The route winds through the forest, serving as the eastern terminus of Highway 250 before entering Yell County.\n Links: a. Waldron, Arkansas b. Waldron, Arkansas c. Special routes of U.S. Route 71 d. Poteau River", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}95{"query": "Question: When did the invasion start of the destination Task Force 38 was going to? Passage:Flint reported to the 3rd Fleet for duty at Ulithi on 27 December 1944, and six days later, sailed with Task Force 38 (TF 38) for a month-long cruise in support of the invasion of Luzon. She screened aircraft carriers as they launched strikes on Luzon, Taiwan, and the China coast, and fired protective anti-aircraft cover during a Japanese kamikaze attack on 21 January 1945. Replenishing at Ulithi from 26 January to 10 February, Flint then sailed with newly designated TF 38 for air strikes on Tokyo preceding the attack on Iwo Jima. Her force arrived off Iwo Jima on 21 February to provide anti-aircraft cover for the Marines who had landed two days previously, and Flint returned to Ulithi 12 March for a brief 2 days of replenishment.\n Links: a. Luzon b. United States Third Fleet c. Kamikaze d. China", "pos": "Question: What army did the USS Gunston Hall engage with during the assault on Kwajalein?  Passage:After intensive shakedown along the California coast Gunston Hall prepared to sail for the Western Pacific, where she was to participate in every major operation from February 1944 to the end of the war, 18 months later. Loading 225 men from the 4th Marine Tank Battalion and 2 amphibious units, as well as 15 LVTs, 15 tanks, 17 LCMs, and 15,000 gallons of gasoline, Gunston Hall departed San Diego on 13 January 1944. On D-Day for the assault on Kwajalein, 1 February 1944, she stood offshore to unload her cargo as the Marines stormed the beaches on Roi and Namur Islands. Gunston Hall remained in the area to repair small craft until 6 February, when she reembarked her former passengers and equipment and sailed to Guadalcanal via Funa Futi. The pattern she set here held for her participation in eight further key invasion efforts in the Pacific as the Navy \"Island-hopped\" marines and Army troops ever closer to the Japanese home islands.\n Links: a. Battle of Kwajalein b. Landing Craft Mechanized c. Landing Vehicle Tracked d. Tank", "neg": "Question: How long after the air strikes on Tokyo did  TF 38's duty providing anti-aircraft cover for the Marines occur? Passage:Flint reported to the 3rd Fleet for duty at Ulithi on 27 December 1944, and six days later, sailed with Task Force 38 (TF 38) for a month-long cruise in support of the invasion of Luzon. She screened aircraft carriers as they launched strikes on Luzon, Taiwan, and the China coast, and fired protective anti-aircraft cover during a Japanese kamikaze attack on 21 January 1945. Replenishing at Ulithi from 26 January to 10 February, Flint then sailed with newly designated TF 38 for air strikes on Tokyo preceding the attack on Iwo Jima. Her force arrived off Iwo Jima on 21 February to provide anti-aircraft cover for the Marines who had landed two days previously, and Flint returned to Ulithi 12 March for a brief 2 days of replenishment.\n Links: a. Luzon b. Aircraft carrier c. Tokyo d. United States Third Fleet", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}96{"query": "Question: How many years after its founding did Chillag work for the Energy Commission? Passage:Chillag emigrated to Australia after the war, having found no surviving family back in Hungary and being unable to remake the family business following the arrival of communism. Marrying a British-born expatriate in 1950, he worked for the Australian Atomic Energy Commission between 1957 and 1963, living in Sydney. He moved to Leeds, England in 1962, to work in Boston Spa until retirement, whereupon he became a European Information Officer for Leeds Metropolitan University. His daughter, diagnosed with Down syndrome, prompted him to work voluntarily with Mencap, and he continued to give lectures on his experiences at the Imperial War Museum. In 2004, he published his memoirs, The Odyssey of John Chillag, a Hungarian Jew Born in Vienna 2006: From Győr in Hungary to Australia and England Via Auschwitz and Buchenwald.\n Links: a. Mencap b. Australian Atomic Energy Commission c. Australia d. Mencap", "pos": "Question: How long had The Observer been operating as a going concern the year Harrisson started working there as a radio critic? Passage:During the Second World War Harrisson continued directing Mass-Observation and was radio critic for The Observer from May 1942 until June 1944. For much of this time he was in the army and gave up reviewing on leaving the UK. After service in the ranks he was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Reconnaissance Corps on 21 November 1943. He had been recruited (some sources say by a confusion of names, despite his apparent suitability) for a plan to use the native peoples of Borneo against the Japanese. He was attached to Z Special Unit (also known as Z Force), part of the Services Reconnaissance Department (SRD: a branch of the combined Allied Intelligence Bureau in the South West Pacific theatre). On 25 March 1945, he was parachuted with seven Z Force operatives from a Consolidated Liberator onto a high plateau occupied by the Kelabit people. An autobiographical account of this operation (SEMUT I, one of four SEMUT operations in the area) is given in World Within (Cresset Press, 1959); there are also reports – not always flattering – from some of his comrades. His efforts to rescue stranded American airmen shot down over Borneo are a central part of \"The Airmen and the Headhunters\", an episode of the PBS television series Secrets of the Dead. The recommendation for his Distinguished Service Order which was gazetted on 6 March 1947 (and dated 2 November 1946) describes how from his insertion until 15 August 1945 the forces under his command protected the flank of Allied advances, and caused severe disruption to Japanese operations.\n Links: a. Z Special Unit b. The Observer c. Kelabit people d. Second lieutenant", "neg": "Question: How long had Transvaal been a colony when Anstruther-Gray arrived as inspector of concentration camps? Passage:He joined the Militia's Fife Artillery as a Sub-Lieutenant (Supernumerary) on 16 December 1876. He served for four years until he joined the 13th Hussars as a second lieutenant in 1880, served in India and Afghanistan in 1880-1881 and was promoted to lieutenant on 1 July 1881, before transferring to the Royal Horse Guards in 1885. He was Aide-de-Camp to the Earl of Kintore, Governor of South Australia, from 1889-1891, was promoted to captain on 30 December 1893, and to major on 1 May 1897. He served in South Africa from 1901-1902 where he was commandant of the district of Knysna in 1901, and Inspector of Concentration Camps in Transvaal in 1902. Following the end of the war in June 1902, he returned to the United Kingdom in the SS Dunottar Castle, which arrived at Southampton in July 1902. He later commanded 3rd Line Group, Scottish Horse during World War I.\n Links: a. Knysna b. Scottish Horse c. Transvaal Colony d. Governor of South Australia", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}97{"query": "Question: When did construction begin on the dam that formed the  Flaming Gorge Reservoir? Passage:It rises in western Wyoming, in northern Sublette County, on the western side of the Continental Divide in the Bridger–Teton National Forest in the Wind River Range. It flows south through Sublette County and western Wyoming in an area known as the Upper Green River Valley, then southwest and is joined by the Big Sandy River in western Sweetwater County. At the town of La Barge, it flows into Fontenelle Reservoir, formed by Fontenelle Dam. Below there, it flows through open sage covered rolling prairie where it is crossed by the Oregon, California and Mormon emigration trails and then further south until it flows past the town of Green River and into the Flaming Gorge Reservoir in Southwestern Wyoming, formed by the Flaming Gorge Dam in northeastern Utah. Prior to the creation of the reservoir, the Blacks Fork joined the Green River south of Green River, today the mouth of Blacks Fork is submerged by the reservoir.\n Links: a. Oregon Trail b. Flaming Gorge Dam c. Green River, Wyoming d. Flaming Gorge Reservoir", "pos": "Question: How big is the National Park that the Yellowstone River flows northward through? Passage:The river rises in northwestern Wyoming in the Absaroka Range, on the Continental Divide in southwestern Park County. The river starts where the North Fork and the South Fork of the Yellowstone River converge. The North Fork, the larger of the two forks, flows from Younts Peak. The South Fork flows from the southern slopes of Thorofare Mountain. The Yellowstone River flows northward through Yellowstone National Park, feeding and draining Yellowstone Lake, then dropping over the Upper and Lower Yellowstone Falls at the head of the Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone within the confines of the park. After passing through the Black Canyon of the Yellowstone downstream of the Grand Canyon, the river flows northward into Montana between the northern Absaroka Range and the Gallatin Range in Paradise Valley. The river emerges from the mountains near the town of Livingston, where it turns eastward and northeastward, flowing across the northern Great Plains past the city of Billings.\n Links: a. Continental Divide of the Americas b. Yellowstone National Park c. Continental Divide of the Americas d. Continental Divide of the Americas", "neg": "Question: What year did construction begin on the dam that the river passes through before Afterbay Dam? Passage:The Bighorn River begins as the Wind River in the Rocky Mountains at Wind River Lake, near Two Ocean Mountain and the summit of Togwotee Pass. The Wind River flows southeast receiving the east fork of the Wind River from the north, and enters the Wind River Basin, flowing past Dubois and Johnstown, to Riverton, where it receives the Little Wind River. The river then changes direction to the northeast and then the north, flowing into Boysen Reservoir, which is formed by Boysen Dam. Below the dam it enters the Wind River Canyon, where the river narrows and forms many rapids. At the end of the canyon the Wind River widens out in an area called the Wedding of the Waters where it becomes the Bighorn River and enters the Bighorn Basin. The Bighorn continues northward, passing through Thermopolis, Worland, and Basin. At Greybull it receives the Greybull River, and about north of that confluence it enters Bighorn Lake, where it is joined by the Shoshone River. North of the confluence with the Shoshone, the reservoir narrows as the river enters the Bighorn Canyon, where it crosses into Montana. At the end of the canyon, the river passes through Yellowtail Dam and Afterbay Dam. The river turns to the northeast and enters the Great Plains. At Hardin the river is joined by the Little Bighorn River. Approximately downriver from the Little Bighorn, in Big Horn County, the Bighorn empties into the Yellowstone.\n Links: a. Bighorn Lake b. Boysen Dam c. Yellowtail Dam d. Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}98{"query": "Question: Who is the current mayor the citiy where The American Band was formed? Passage:The group was formed in Cicero, Illinois, United States, as Gary & The Knight Lites. The founding members included Gary Loizzo (vocals and guitar), Charles Colbert, Jr. (bass guitar and vocals), Al Ciner (guitar and vocals), and Jim Michalak (drums). Early releases included- \"I'm Glad She's Mine,\" \"I Don't Need Your Help,\" \"Will You Go Steady,\" \"Take Me Back,\" among others. The group's greatest success as \"The American Breed\" was the single, \"Bend Me, Shape Me\", which reached number five on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart in 1968. The song, written by Scott English and Larry Weiss, had previously been recorded by an all-female band known as the Shape and had been a hit on the UK Singles Chart for the British group Amen Corner. It had also been recorded by The Outsiders after they had reached the top ten with \"Time Won't Let Me\" in 1966. Contributing to the success of the American Breed's version of \"Bend Me, Shape Me\" was the excellent arrangement of the song by the band's record producer, Bill Traut, who added horns among other changes. The group also appeared on the 16 December 1967 episode of the television show American Bandstand, along with Pink Floyd.\n Links: a. Billboard Hot 100 b. Bill Traut c. Scott English d. Cicero, Illinois", "pos": "Question: Which song holds the record of longest weeks at number 1 on the chart where The American Breed's greatest single reached number 5 in 1968? Passage:The group was formed in Cicero, Illinois, United States, as Gary & The Knight Lites. The founding members included Gary Loizzo (vocals and guitar), Charles Colbert, Jr. (bass guitar and vocals), Al Ciner (guitar and vocals), and Jim Michalak (drums). Early releases included- \"I'm Glad She's Mine,\" \"I Don't Need Your Help,\" \"Will You Go Steady,\" \"Take Me Back,\" among others. The group's greatest success as \"The American Breed\" was the single, \"Bend Me, Shape Me\", which reached number five on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart in 1968. The song, written by Scott English and Larry Weiss, had previously been recorded by an all-female band known as the Shape and had been a hit on the UK Singles Chart for the British group Amen Corner. It had also been recorded by The Outsiders after they had reached the top ten with \"Time Won't Let Me\" in 1966. Contributing to the success of the American Breed's version of \"Bend Me, Shape Me\" was the excellent arrangement of the song by the band's record producer, Bill Traut, who added horns among other changes. The group also appeared on the 16 December 1967 episode of the television show American Bandstand, along with Pink Floyd.\n Links: a. Bend Me, Shape Me b. Scott English c. Billboard Hot 100 d. Billboard", "neg": "Question: Who were the members of the band that  recorded  \"Bend Me, Shape Me\" after they had reached the top ten with \"Time Won't Let Me\" in 1966? Passage:The group was formed in Cicero, Illinois, United States, as Gary & The Knight Lites. The founding members included Gary Loizzo (vocals and guitar), Charles Colbert, Jr. (bass guitar and vocals), Al Ciner (guitar and vocals), and Jim Michalak (drums). Early releases included- \"I'm Glad She's Mine,\" \"I Don't Need Your Help,\" \"Will You Go Steady,\" \"Take Me Back,\" among others. The group's greatest success as \"The American Breed\" was the single, \"Bend Me, Shape Me\", which reached number five on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart in 1968. The song, written by Scott English and Larry Weiss, had previously been recorded by an all-female band known as the Shape and had been a hit on the UK Singles Chart for the British group Amen Corner. It had also been recorded by The Outsiders after they had reached the top ten with \"Time Won't Let Me\" in 1966. Contributing to the success of the American Breed's version of \"Bend Me, Shape Me\" was the excellent arrangement of the song by the band's record producer, Bill Traut, who added horns among other changes. The group also appeared on the 16 December 1967 episode of the television show American Bandstand, along with Pink Floyd.\n Links: a. The Outsiders (American band) b. Cicero, Illinois c. Bend Me, Shape Me d. Billboard Hot 100", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}99{"query": "Question: What Christian domination was Arthur's parish when he went to college? Passage:Arthur Aloysius O'Leary was born on September 27, 1887, in Washington, D.C. His father was a worker on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. He was educated at Gonzaga College, and his parish was the adjacent St. Aloysius Church. He entered the Society of Jesus on August 14, 1903, and was sent to St. Andrew-on-Hudson in New York for his scholasticate. He then completed his studies at Woodstock College in Maryland, where he earned a Doctor of Philosophy. He went to Georgetown University in 1912, as a professor of philosophy, holding the position until 1916. At the same time, he was also spiritual director for the university. He was finally ordained a priest in 1919, becoming a member of the first class of priests ordained at Georgetown. He then returned to St. Andrew-on-Hudson, where he taught for several years.\n Links: a. Parish in the Catholic Church b. Georgetown University c. Baltimore and Ohio Railroad d. Jesuit formation", "pos": "Question: What state did Fisher get his Bachelor of Arts in? Passage:Fisher was born in Valley Stream, Long Island and grew up as a Roman Catholic. He graduated with a Bachelor of Arts from St John’s University. He also studied at the Immaculate Conception Seminary School of Theology where he earned a Master of Divinity, after which he was ordained priest for the Roman Catholic Diocese of Rockville Centre in 1980. Later, he earned a Doctor of Ministry from Episcopal Divinity School. In 1984, Fisher left the Roman Catholic priesthood and married Elizabeth Fisher. In 1997, he joined the Episcopal Church and was received as an Episcopal priest. He served as rector of Holy Innocents Church in Highland Falls, New York, chaplain to United States Military Academy at West Point and chair of the standing committee for the diocese of New York. In 2000 he became rector of Grace Church in Millbrook, New York where he remained till 2012 when he was elected Bishop of Western Massachusetts on June 2. He was consecrated on December 1, 2012 by Presiding Bishop Katharine Jefferts Schori.\n Links: a. St. John's University (New York City) b. Episcopal Divinity School c. Catholic Church d. Master of Divinity", "neg": "Question: How long had Arthur's father's place of employment existed when Arthur was born? Passage:Arthur Aloysius O'Leary was born on September 27, 1887, in Washington, D.C. His father was a worker on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. He was educated at Gonzaga College, and his parish was the adjacent St. Aloysius Church. He entered the Society of Jesus on August 14, 1903, and was sent to St. Andrew-on-Hudson in New York for his scholasticate. He then completed his studies at Woodstock College in Maryland, where he earned a Doctor of Philosophy. He went to Georgetown University in 1912, as a professor of philosophy, holding the position until 1916. At the same time, he was also spiritual director for the university. He was finally ordained a priest in 1919, becoming a member of the first class of priests ordained at Georgetown. He then returned to St. Andrew-on-Hudson, where he taught for several years.\n Links: a. Parish in the Catholic Church b. St. Aloysius Church (Washington, D.C.) c. Baltimore and Ohio Railroad d. Jesuit formation", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}100{"query": "Question: Who did the team play to win their first league championship? Passage:Dean Clark took over as head coach shortly after James' resignation, and led the 1997–98 Hitmen to a remarkable turnaround. The team improved to a 40–28–4 record and first-place finish in the Central Division, qualifying for the playoffs for the first time in franchise history. They defeated the Saskatoon Blades and Swift Current Broncos to reach the Eastern Conference final before falling to the Brandon Wheat Kings. Clark was awarded the Dunc McCallum Memorial Trophy as the WHL's top coach, and also won the Canadian Hockey League's Brian Kilrea Coach of the Year Award. Calgary improved to 51–13–8 in 1998–99, finishing one point ahead of the Kamloops Blazers for the regular season title. Led by Brad Moran, Pavel Brendl and goaltender Alexandre Fomitchev, the Hitmen lost just five games in the playoffs en route to their first league championship. They won the title at home before a WHL playoff record crowd of 17,139. They became the first Calgary-based team to qualify for the Memorial Cup since the Calgary Canadians won the 1926 title.\n Links: a. 1998–99 WHL season b. Swift Current Broncos c. Kamloops Blazers d. Brandon Wheat Kings", "pos": "Question: What team did the Tulsa Oilers defeat to win the Adams Cup? Passage:Kleinendorst played for Providence College for four years, from 1979–80 to 1982–83, for Lou Lamoriello. He was selected in the fourth round (77th overall) of the 1980 NHL Entry Draft by the New York Rangers, but never played in the NHL. He was a member of the Tulsa Oilers (CHL) team that suspended operations on February 16, 1984, playing only road games for final six weeks of 1983–84 season. Despite this adversity, the team went on to win the Adams Cup. In 1986–87 he played with Iserlohn (Germany) and Peliitat Heinola (Finland) teams, and then with the Rotterdam Pandas in the Netherlands during the 1987–88 season, Ingolstadt (Germany) 1988–89, and continued to play minor league hockey through 1990.\n Links: a. Tulsa Oilers b. Peliitat Heinola c. Peliitat Heinola d. Peliitat Heinola", "neg": "Question: Who were head coaches of the teams that the Hitmen defeated to reach the Eastern Conference final? Passage:Dean Clark took over as head coach shortly after James' resignation, and led the 1997–98 Hitmen to a remarkable turnaround. The team improved to a 40–28–4 record and first-place finish in the Central Division, qualifying for the playoffs for the first time in franchise history. They defeated the Saskatoon Blades and Swift Current Broncos to reach the Eastern Conference final before falling to the Brandon Wheat Kings. Clark was awarded the Dunc McCallum Memorial Trophy as the WHL's top coach, and also won the Canadian Hockey League's Brian Kilrea Coach of the Year Award. Calgary improved to 51–13–8 in 1998–99, finishing one point ahead of the Kamloops Blazers for the regular season title. Led by Brad Moran, Pavel Brendl and goaltender Alexandre Fomitchev, the Hitmen lost just five games in the playoffs en route to their first league championship. They won the title at home before a WHL playoff record crowd of 17,139. They became the first Calgary-based team to qualify for the Memorial Cup since the Calgary Canadians won the 1926 title.\n Links: a. Scotty Munro Memorial Trophy b. Swift Current Broncos c. 1926 Memorial Cup d. Scotty Munro Memorial Trophy", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}101{"query": "Question: What role did Dessay perform in La fille du regiment? Passage:The year 2007 saw Dessay premiering Laurent Pelly's production of La fille du régiment at the London Royal Opera House in January and the Vienna State Opera in April. She performed the title role in Manon at the Liceu in Barcelona in June/July and opened the season at the Metropolitan Opera in the new Mary Zimmerman production of Lucia di Lammermoor. She returned in the same season to sing Lucia again and subsequently reprised in Pelly's production of La fille du régiment. She went on performing Lucia at the San Francisco Opera and a joint concert with tenor Jonas Kaufmann at Le Corum in Montpellier as part of the Festival de Radio France et Montpellier. In October, she sang Manon at the Lyric Opera of Chicago.\n Links: a. La fille du régiment b. Jonas Kaufmann c. Manon d. La fille du régiment", "pos": "Question: What year did Susanne Marsee play the role of Estella Drummle? Passage:She proceeded to sing a great gallery of roles at the City Opera, including Siébel in Faust, Angelina in La Cenerentola, Rosina in Il barbiere di Siviglia, Sesto in Giulio Cesare, Cherubino in Le nozze di Figaro (opposite Michael Devlin), Nicklausse in Les contes d'Hoffmann (with Sills and Norman Treigle), Dorabella in Così fan tutte (with Patricia Brooks), Octavian in Der Rosenkavalier (with Johanna Meier), Maddalena in Rigoletto (opposite José Carreras), Giovanna Seymour in Anna Bolena, the Composer in Ariadne auf Naxos (with Carol Neblett), Maffio Orsini in Lucrezia Borgia (with Sills), the title role of La belle Hélène, Zaida in Il turco in Italia, Estella Drummle in the world premiere of Miss Havisham's Fire (with Rita Shane), Doña Manuela in La loca, Mariana in the world premiere of The Student from Salamanca, Sesto in La clemenza di Tito, Néris in the Italian version of Médée (with Marisa Galvany), the name part in Carmen (in Frank Corsaro's production), the title role of La Grande-Duchesse de Gérolstein, Prince Charmant in Cendrillon, Mallika in Lakmé, Bellino in Casanova's Homecoming, Adalgisa in Norma, Dulcinée in Don Quichotte, Charlotte in Werther (with Jon Garrison), Valencienne in Die lustige Witwe, Marcellina in Le nozze di Figaro (with Herbert Perry as Figaro), Suzuki in Madama Butterfly, La chatte in L'enfant et les sortilèges, Berta in Il barbiere di Siviglia, Rose in the world premiere of Marilyn, and Marta in Mefistofele, as well as musical comedy.\n Links: a. Miss Havisham's Fire b. Marisa Galvany c. Marisa Galvany d. Frank Corsaro", "neg": "Question: In what country did Dessay perform a joint cocnert with Jonas Kaufmann? Passage:The year 2007 saw Dessay premiering Laurent Pelly's production of La fille du régiment at the London Royal Opera House in January and the Vienna State Opera in April. She performed the title role in Manon at the Liceu in Barcelona in June/July and opened the season at the Metropolitan Opera in the new Mary Zimmerman production of Lucia di Lammermoor. She returned in the same season to sing Lucia again and subsequently reprised in Pelly's production of La fille du régiment. She went on performing Lucia at the San Francisco Opera and a joint concert with tenor Jonas Kaufmann at Le Corum in Montpellier as part of the Festival de Radio France et Montpellier. In October, she sang Manon at the Lyric Opera of Chicago.\n Links: a. San Francisco Opera b. Jonas Kaufmann c. Festival de Radio France et Montpellier d. San Francisco Opera", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}102{"query": "Question: Which of Glen's parents' music genres is the oldest? Passage:Marla grew up on the South Side of Chicago, the daughter of Dell Glen (American-Jamaican) and Cortez Glen (Mexican-American). Glen's father was a blues guitarist, her grandmother a gospel singer, and her mother was friends with the blues guitarist B.B. King. Her mother Dell graduated from the University of Chicago and went on to become a successful banker who worked for Merrill Lynch. Glen's father, an American patriot who joined the military at a young age, became an engineer based in Frankfurt, Germany. Like many other children in Chicago's historic Bronzeville neighborhood (also known as the Black Metropolis) who received gifts and inspiration from folks like Muddy Waters and BB King, Marla was given a toy harmonica as a child, and her musical talent became immediately apparent. She was only 11 years old when she wrote her first song, \"Repertoire\", a title that has won three gold records and one platinum, and appears on her 1996 release, Love and Respect.\n Links: a. University of Chicago b. Douglas, Chicago c. Mexican Americans d. Blues", "pos": "Question: How old was her fiance when Annie Laurie got engaged? Passage:Her singing career started by vocalising for two territory bands led by Dallas Bartley and Snookum Russell, on the Chitlin' Circuit. In 1945, she recorded a version of \"Saint Louis Blues\" with the Bartley led band for Cosmo Records. She relocated to New Orleans, Louisiana, and was engaged by Paul Gayten. In 1947, she was performing in concert in New Orleans with Gayten, when the latter asked the young Fats Domino to come and play \"Swanee River Boogie\" on stage. Recording for both the Regal and De Luxe labels between 1947 and 1950, Laurie sang on several sides backed by Gayten's orchestra. Her first success was with her version of \"Since I Fell for You\" (1947), of which recording studio owner Cosimo Matassa said: \"Annie Laurie did the first really good record that I liked... [She] was just fantastic, I mean nobody will ever make another version like that.\" She followed its success up with \"Cuttin' Out\" (1949), \"You Ought To Know\" (1950), \"I Need Your Love\" (1950), \"Now That You're Gone\" (1950) and \"I'll Never Be Free\" (1950). Laurie also toured with Gayten's orchestra in 1951.\n Links: a. I'll Never Be Free b. Chitlin' Circuit c. Snookum Russell d. Paul Gayten", "neg": "Question: What age was Mary J. Blige when Rolling Stone called her debut album \"genre-creating\"? Passage:American singer and songwriter Mary J. Blige began her career as a backing vocalist for Uptown Records in the early 1990s. She has released 13 studio albums, eight of which have individually achieved worldwide multi-platinum status. The Queen of Hip-Hop Soul and Queen of R&B (publications often refer to her as both honorific titles), Mary J. Blige is uniquely credited as the first singer to release an album singing over hip-hop beats, which created the genre \"hip hop soul\" which fuses elements of soul, R&B and gospel style vocals over hip hop beats. Blige's genre-changing sound, in many ways, changed and shaped the sound for modern day R&B and blue-eyed soul artists. In September 1999, Rolling Stone bestowed her first album, What's the 411? (1992), as \"genre-creating\". Her discography consists of 14 top 10 Billboard 200 studio albums, two live albums, two remix albums and over eighty singles—including more than 20 as a featured artist. In 2009, Billboard magazine ranked Blige as the most successful female R&B/hip-hop artist of the past 25 years. In March 2017, Billboard magazine ranked her 2006 song \"Be Without You\" as the most successful R&B/hip-hop song of all time, as it spent an unparalleled 75 weeks on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, 15 of those weeks at number one. In 2011, VH1 ranked Blige as the 80th greatest artist of all time. Moreover, she was ranked 100th on the list of \"100 Greatest Singers of All Time\" by Rolling Stone magazine. In 2012, VH1 ranked Blige ninth among \"The 100 Greatest Woman in Music\" listing.\n Links: a. What's the 411? b. Mary J. Blige c. What's the 411? d. Uptown Records", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}103{"query": "Question: How many other players have won the Trevor Barker Award as many times as Winmar? Passage:Growing up in Pingelly in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia, Winmar began his career with South Fremantle, playing 58 games at the club before being recruited prior to the 1987 season by St Kilda. In a twelve-season career with St Kilda, Winmar won the club's best and fairest award, the Trevor Barker Award, in 1989 and 1995 and was also twice named in the All-Australian team. He left St Kilda at the end of the 1998 season and was drafted by the Western Bulldogs, playing one further season in the AFL before retiring at the end of the 1999 season. Having represented Western Australia in eight interstate matches, Winmar was named in St Kilda's in 2003 and was inducted into the West Australian Football Hall of Fame in 2009. An Indigenous Australian, he was the first Aboriginal footballer to play 200 games in the AFL and was named in the Indigenous Team of the Century in 2005. He was involved in several incidents of racial vilification during his career and a photograph of Winmar responding to one such incident during the 1993 season has been described as one of the most memorable images in Australian sporting history.\n Links: a. All-Australian team b. Western Bulldogs c. Trevor Barker Award d. Western Bulldogs", "pos": "Question: How many times has Jason Bay won the Tip O'Neill Award? Passage:Larry Walker, Jason Bay, Joey Votto, and Justin Morneau are the only players to win the Tip O'Neill Award at least three times. Walker has won the award nine times, and Votto has won it seven times. Three winners—Walker, Terry Puhl, and Rob Ducey—are members of the Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame. The award has been presented to one amateur player, Daniel Brabant. Walker, Votto, and Justin Morneau won the MLB Most Valuable Player (MVP) Award alongside the Tip O'Neill Award; the trio are the only Canadians to win the MLB MVP Award. Éric Gagné, the 2002 and 2003 recipient, compiled a major league record of 84 consecutive save opportunities converted from 2002 to 2004 and won the Cy Young Award in 2003. He and John Axford went on to win the Rolaids Relief Man Award in the same year as the Tip O'Neill Award. Bay became the first Canadian to win the Rookie of the Year Award, which he won the same year he won his first Tip O'Neill Award. Votto is the only award winner to also win the Hank Aaron Award.\n Links: a. Save (baseball) b. Major League Baseball Rookie of the Year Award c. Jason Bay d. Larry Walker", "neg": "Question: What were the Western Bulldogs record during the time period Winmar was with them? Passage:Growing up in Pingelly in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia, Winmar began his career with South Fremantle, playing 58 games at the club before being recruited prior to the 1987 season by St Kilda. In a twelve-season career with St Kilda, Winmar won the club's best and fairest award, the Trevor Barker Award, in 1989 and 1995 and was also twice named in the All-Australian team. He left St Kilda at the end of the 1998 season and was drafted by the Western Bulldogs, playing one further season in the AFL before retiring at the end of the 1999 season. Having represented Western Australia in eight interstate matches, Winmar was named in St Kilda's in 2003 and was inducted into the West Australian Football Hall of Fame in 2009. An Indigenous Australian, he was the first Aboriginal footballer to play 200 games in the AFL and was named in the Indigenous Team of the Century in 2005. He was involved in several incidents of racial vilification during his career and a photograph of Winmar responding to one such incident during the 1993 season has been described as one of the most memorable images in Australian sporting history.\n Links: a. Western Bulldogs b. Best and fairest c. Indigenous Australians d. Interstate matches in Australian rules football", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}104{"query": "Question: What is the age difference between the father and son who may have built Hauenštejn castle? Passage:The castle was built in the 13th century by Přemysl Otakar II or his son Václav II to guard royal paths and local mines. The first known owner was Mikuláš Winkler, burgrave of Loket Castle, who sold Hauenštejn to the monastery in Doksany. The monastery exchanged it for another building with King John of Luxemburg. His son Charles IV enlarged the castle‘s domain. The castle frequently changed its keepers in the second half of the 14th century and the 15th century but it more or less remained royal property. The rich family of Šlik that started silver mining near Jáchymov won the castle in the 16th century. The Šliks rebuilt the castle in the Renaissance style after a fire in 1600. In 1663 the Šliks sold the castle to the Saxe-Lauenburg ducal family and it became part of the Ostrov domain. The castle was in the hands of the Baden family from 1689. When the last male member of the family died in 1771, the property of the Badens in Bohemia was inherited by the royal family of Maria Theresa. The Habsburgs sold it to the Buquoy family in 1837. Countess Gabrielle Buquoy started to rebuild the castle in a Romantic style. Ferdinand Buquoy continued the reconstruction under the influence of historism, taking its examples from England (Windsor, Arundel, Belvoir, Lancaster or Oxford) and Bavaria (Hohenswangau, Lahneck). \n Links: a. Ostrov (Karlovy Vary District) b. Historism c. Ottokar II of Bohemia d. Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor", "pos": "Question: How old was King Henry IV when Heimburg Castle was built? Passage:After the deposition of the Saxon duke Henry the Lion in 1180, the Regenstein counts were temporarily arrested by the forces of Emperor Frederick Barbarossa, but were reconciled with the Hohenstaufen monarch soon after. After a lengthy feud Heimburg Castle, built about 1170 by King Henry IV and soon after devastated during the Saxon Rebellion, was acquired by the Regenstein counts in the early 14th century. The Regenstein-Heimburg branch re-united the Regenstein and Blankenburg estates in 1343, under the rule of the most renowned Count Albert II (1310–49), who since the 1330s was frequently in dispute with the leaders of the surrounding estates like the Halberstadt bishops and the Abbesses of Quedlinburg; he was finally assassinated by the henchmen of Bishop Albert II of Halberstadt. These tales were romanticised in the ballad The Robber Count () by Gottfried August Bürger, melodized by Johann Philipp Kirnberger and the novel of the same name by Julius Wolff.\n Links: a. Quedlinburg Abbey b. Ballad c. Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor d. Ballad", "neg": "Question: Who was younger between the person who bought Marienlyst Castle in 1758 and the architect who helped him? Passage:Hans van Steenwinckel, the royal architect, designed and built the original pavilion and parterre garden in 1587, for King Frederick II of Denmark. The royal estate was then purchased in 1758 by Count Adam Gottlob Moltke, who completely changed the original pavilion and garden with the help of French architect Nicolas-Henri Jardin between 1759 and 1763. The additions led to its present-day architectural structure and façade. Jardin also redesigned the original parterre gardens, changing them to a larger, more modern garden à la française design, with symmetrical hedges, avenues, fountains and mirror ponds. Within the castle wall boundaries, these elegant garden grounds remain to a large extent intact, but outside, much of the garden has been lost, including the most renowned romantic landscape garden in Denmark, designed by Johan Ludvig Mansa in the 1790s. This was mostly due to the sale of much of the original property by the Helsingør municipality which had purchased the entire Marienlyst estate at auction in 1851. One of the lot purchasers was J.S. Nathanson, who in 1859 built Hotel Marienlyst, the first luxury hotel in Helsingør, named after the castle.\n Links: a. Johan Ludvig Mansa b. Nicolas-Henri Jardin c. Hotel Marienlyst d. Adam Gottlob Moltke", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}105{"query": "Question: Who founded the company that Caracciola worked as an apprentice for in the early 1920s? Passage:Caracciola began racing while he was working as apprentice at the Fafnir automobile factory in Aachen during the early 1920s, first on motorcycles and then in cars. Racing for Mercedes-Benz, he won his first two Hillclimbing Championships in 1930 and 1931, and moved to Alfa Romeo for 1932, where he won the Hillclimbing Championship for the third time. In 1933, he established the privateer team Scuderia C.C. with his fellow driver Louis Chiron, but a crash in practice for the Monaco Grand Prix left him with multiple fractures of his right thigh, which ruled him out of racing for more than a year. He returned to the newly reformed Mercedes-Benz racing team in 1934, with whom he won three European Championships, in 1935, 1937 and 1938. Like most German racing drivers in the 1930s, Caracciola was a member of the Nazi paramilitary group National Socialist Motor Corps (NSKK), but never a member of the Nazi Party. He returned to racing after the Second World War, but crashed in qualifying for the 1946 Indianapolis 500. A second comeback in 1952 was halted by another crash, in a sports car race in Switzerland.\n Links: a. Apprenticeship b. MotorCycle c. Fafnir (automobile) d. National Socialist Motor Corps", "pos": "Question: Who founded the company that made the car that was crashed by John Sheldon? Passage:Olson made one CART World Series start in 1983 at Road America. In 1984 he drove in three Can-Am races, an IMSA GT Championship race and two World Endurance Championship races, including the 1984 24 Hours of Le Mans where he was caught up in the debris field of his Aston Martin teammate John Sheldon's crash that killed a track worker. In 1985 he won three races with Dyson Racing in IMSA Camel GTP, the team's first, in a Porsche 962. 1986 saw Olson continue in IMSA GTP with Dyson and Preston Henn fielding his entries. That year he also competed in the 1986 24 Hours of Le Mans, co-driving a Rothmans Porsche factory 962 with Vern Schuppan. Olson was away from racing after that until 1989 when he returned with the All American Racers Toyota 88C factory team in IMSA GTP. He won two poles and finished ninth in points. 1990 would be his final year of professional racing as he finished tenth in GTP points with three poles for All American Racers in their Eagle HF89.\n Links: a. Preston Henn b. All American Racers c. Aston Martin d. Vern Schuppan", "neg": "Question: What car did Sommer drive in the Vanderbilt Cup? Passage:Sommer was born in Mouzon, in the Ardennes département of France, into a wealthy Sedan carpet-making family. His father, Roger Sommer, broke the Wright Brothers' record for the longest flight in 1909. It was not until 1931 that Raymond started to display daredevil tendencies of his own, entering motor races in a privateer Chrysler Imperial. The following year, he won the 24 Hours of Le Mans race, despite having to drive over 20 hours solo after his teammate, Luigi Chinetti, retired ill. During the 1930s, Sommer was to dominate the French endurance classic, winning again in 1933 driving an Alfa Romeo alongside Tazio Nuvolari. He also led every race until 1938, only to suffer a mechanical failure, once when 12 laps in the lead. Sommer traveled to Long Island, New York, to compete in the 1936 Vanderbilt Cup where he finished fourth behind the winner, Nuvolari.\n Links: a. Luigi Chinetti b. Long Island c. Tazio Nuvolari d. Vanderbilt Cup", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}106{"query": "Question: What league was PSG playing in when Lucau transferred from Levallois SC? Passage:He began his 1997 career with Levallois SC and joined in summer 1999 to PSG. In January 2003 was promoted to Paris Saint-Germain and played in his first professional season 3 games in the Ligue 1. After his first senior year with PSG left Lucau his club and signed for Le Mans. He played for Le Mans Union Club 72 64 games in the Ligue 1 and Ligue 2 before signed for CS Sedan Ardennes in summer 2007. Lucau joined than on 1 January 2009 on a six month loan from his club CS Sedan to LB Châteauroux. He played in the second half of the 2008/2009 season only four games for LB Châteauroux in the Ligue 2 and returned to CS Sedan Ardennes. After his return played for his club CS Sedan Ardennes just 3 games and was in summer 2010 released from his club. On 28 October 2010 after three months as Free agent signed a one year contract with SR Colmar.\n Links: a. Le Mans FC b. Ligue 2 c. CS Sedan Ardennes d. Paris Saint-Germain F.C.", "pos": "Question: What was the total number of combined points scored at the European Supercup and Intercontinental Cup the year that Carbone had victories at both. Passage:Carbone had a much travelled career, playing for ten different clubs. He began his youth career with Bari, making his professional debut with the club in Serie B during the 1988–89 season, earning promotion to Serie A. During his first season in Serie A, he broke into the starting line-up, making 26 appearances and scoring a goal against Inter at the San Siro stadium. In 1990, he moved to Milan at the request of manager Arrigo Sacchi. During his first season with the club, he made 21 appearances in Serie A, making his club debut on 9 September 1990, in a 1–0 home win over Genoa in Serie A. He also made his UEFA Champions League debut, scoring a goal against Club Bruges, and he started in Milan's European Supercup and Intercontinental Cup victories in 1990.\n Links: a. Club Brugge KV b. 1989–90 Serie A c. S.S.C. Bari d. UEFA Super Cup", "neg": "Question: Which city did Lucau move to after he left PSG to play for another Ligue 1 team? Passage:He began his 1997 career with Levallois SC and joined in summer 1999 to PSG. In January 2003 was promoted to Paris Saint-Germain and played in his first professional season 3 games in the Ligue 1. After his first senior year with PSG left Lucau his club and signed for Le Mans. He played for Le Mans Union Club 72 64 games in the Ligue 1 and Ligue 2 before signed for CS Sedan Ardennes in summer 2007. Lucau joined than on 1 January 2009 on a six month loan from his club CS Sedan to LB Châteauroux. He played in the second half of the 2008/2009 season only four games for LB Châteauroux in the Ligue 2 and returned to CS Sedan Ardennes. After his return played for his club CS Sedan Ardennes just 3 games and was in summer 2010 released from his club. On 28 October 2010 after three months as Free agent signed a one year contract with SR Colmar.\n Links: a. Ligue 1 b. Levallois SC c. Le Mans FC d. LB Châteauroux", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}107{"query": "Question: In what Georgia counties is the Chattahoochee-Oconee National Forest located? Passage:SR 255 begins at an intersection with SR 115 (Clarkesville Highway) east of Cleveland, in White County. The route heads northeast, and crosses over Blue Creek and travels through Batesville. Farther to the east, it passes New Blue Creek Cemetery and intersects SR 384 (Duncan Bridge Road). It then crosses over Brasstown Creek shortly before it crosses over Chattahoochee River and enters Habersham County. Just after the county line, SR 255 crosses over Amys Creek and meets SR 17 (Unicoi Turnpike). The two highways share a concurrency, heading in a northwestern direction. During the concurrency, SR 17/SR 255 intersect SR 255 Alt. (Ben T. Huiet Highway) and cross Maudlin Mill, Car, and Chickamauga Creeks before they reach Sautee Nacoochee. At Maudlin Mill Creek, they cross back into White County. There, SR 255 splits to the north. Just prior to curving to the northeast, the route crosses over Ben Creek, and just after that curve, it crosses over Bean Creek and enters Chattahoochee-Oconee National Forest. Northeast of Bean Creek, SR 255 intersects Sky Lake Road, which leads to Sky Lake. Just after Sky Lake Road, the highway has a second crossing over Chickamauga Creek. It heads to the east, and re-enters Habersham County, at the same time exiting the Chattahoochee-Oconee National Forest. A short while afterward, SR 255 has a second intersection with SR 255 Alt. Just northeast of that intersection, the route re-enters the Chattahoochee–Oconee National Forest. The highway heads north-northeast to meet its northern terminus, an intersection with SR 197 in Batesville. SR 255 travels through the historic Sautee Valley Historic District.\n Links: a. Chattahoochee–Oconee National Forest b. Sautee Valley Historic District c. Chickamauga Creek (Chattahoochee River) d. Chattahoochee–Oconee National Forest", "pos": "Question: Which county that I-24 goes through has the highest population? Passage:I-24 continues southeast through the rapidly growing suburbs of Nashville, and crosses into Rutherford County near the city of LaVergne, where there are three exits. Beginning at this point, I-24 is relatively straight and flat for most of its distance through Middle Tennessee. The straightest stretch of highway in Tennessee is located on I-24 between Lavergne and eastern Murfreesboro, where the route is perfectly straight for about fifteen miles, although the median widens and narrows. Four miles later is an interchange with SR 102, which connects to Smyrna and the Nissan Motor Manufacturing Plant. Another four miles later is an interchange with Interstate 840, the outer southern beltway around Nashville, and I-24 enters Murfreesboro, the largest suburb of Nashville. In Murfreesboro, I-24 has interchanges with SR 96 (which connects of Franklin), SR 99 (New Salem Highway), and US 231 (which connects to Lebanon and Shelbyville), respectively, and at the final Murfreesboro exit (US 231), the HOV lane designation ends, and I-24 narrows to six lanes and then four lanes a short distance later. Three miles later is an interchange with the Joe B. Jackson Parkway, which serves as an outer beltway around southeast Murfreesboro. I-24 then enters a more rural area, and at exit 97 has an interchange with SR 64, which connects to Shelbyville. I-24 then curves to the south, then the east, briefly enters Bedford County, and then Coffee County. At exit 105 is an interchange with US 41, and five miles later I-24 enters Manchester, where it has interchanges with SR 53, SR 55, and US 41, respectively. I-24 continues through a rural, largely agricultural area where it crosses into Grundy County and has an interchange with US 64 and SR 50.\n Links: a. Rutherford County, Tennessee b. Tennessee State Route 53 c. Nissan d. Lebanon, Tennessee", "neg": "Question: How many acres is the state forest that PA 42 crosses? Passage:PA 42 begins at an intersection with PA 61 in the near ghost town of Centralia in Columbia County, which has been largely abandoned because of a mine fire. From PA 61, the route heads north on two-lane undivided Locust Avenue. The road passes through abandoned areas of the town which have been overgrown with trees. The route turns east and crosses into Conyngham Township, becoming South Main Street and heading into forested areas. PA 42 becomes a four-lane road and heads to the northwest, passing through the residential community of Aristes, where it narrows back to two lanes. The road curves to the northeast and becomes Numidia Drive, heading into the Weiser State Forest and turning to the northwest as it crosses Big Mountain. The route turns west and northwest through more dense forests, passing to the east of Shamokin Reservoir. Continuing to the west-northwest, PA 42 enters Locust Township as it crosses Little Mountain, leaving the state forest and turning to the north. The road heads into open agricultural areas with some woods and residences. The route briefly turns northwest before heading north again and passing through the community of Numidia. PA 42 curves to the northwest as it heads through more rural areas, crossing the Roaring Creek and continuing into Catawissa Township. The road runs through a mix of farmland and woodland with some homes, gaining a second northbound lane. The route becomes a four-lane road in a wooded area before turning into a three-lane road with one northbound lane and two southbound lanes. PA 42 comes to an intersection with PA 487, at which point that route joins PA 42 for a concurrency, with the two routes heading north through more woodland as a two-lane road. The road crosses the Catawissa Creek into Catawissa and becomes Mill Street, heading northwest into residential areas. PA 42 splits from PA 487 by heading west-northwest on Main Street, heading through the commercial downtown of Catawissa. The road crosses Norfolk Southern's Sunbury Line before heading across the Susquehanna River, at which point the road becomes Rupert Drive and heads into Montour Township. Here, the route turns north and crosses the North Shore Railroad. PA 42 runs through wooded areas immediately to the west of the railroad tracks with the Susquehanna River a short distance to the east. The road turns north-northwest away from the railroad tracks and heads through the residential community of Rupert. The route passes through more woodland with some homes before reaching an interchange with US 11. \n Links: a. Columbia County, Pennsylvania b. Catawissa, Pennsylvania c. Montour Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania d. Weiser State Forest", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}108{"query": "Question: Where was the Jesuit priest who was hanged after the 1584 Act against Jesuits born? Passage:More than 300 Roman Catholics were put to death by English governments between 1535 and 1681 for treason, thus for secular rather than religious offenses. In 1570, Pope Pius V issued his papal bull Regnans in Excelsis, which absolved Catholics from their obligations to the government. This dramatically worsened the situation of the Catholics in England. English governments continued to fear the fictitious Popish Plot. The 1584 Parliament of England, declared in \"An Act against Jesuits, seminary priests, and such other like disobedient persons\" that the purpose of Jesuit missionaries who had come to Britain was \"to stir up and move sedition, rebellion and open hostility\". Consequently, Jesuit priests like Saint John Ogilvie were hanged. This somehow contrasts with the image of the Elizabethan era as the time of William Shakespeare, but compared to the antecedent Marian Persecutions there is an important difference to consider. Mary I of England had been motivated by a religious zeal to purge heresy from her land, and during her short reign from 1553 to 1558 about 290 Protestants had been burned at the stake for heresy, whereas Elizabeth I of England \"acted out of fear for the security of her realm.\"\n Links: a. List of Protestant martyrs of the English Reformation b. John Ogilvie (saint) c. Treason d. John Ogilvie (saint)", "pos": "Question: What year was the city that Kings James I was murdered in founded? Passage:Robert Riabhach (\"Grizzled\") Duncanson, 4th Chief of Clann Dhònnchaidh, was a strong supporter of King James I (1406–1437) and was incensed by his murder at the Blackfriars Dominican Friary in Perth. He tracked down and captured two of the regicides, Sir Robert Graham and the King's uncle Walter Stewart, Earl of Atholl, as they hid above Invervack in Atholl, and turned them over to the Crown. They were tortured to death in the Grassmarket in Edinburgh on the orders of the Regent, James I's widow, Joan Beaufort (d. 1445). The Collins Scottish Clan & Family Encyclopedia states that they were put to death with considerable savagery. The Robertson crest badge of a right hand upholding an imperial crown was awarded by James II (1437–60) to the 4th chief on 15 August 1451 as a reward for capturing his father's assassins. The highly unusual third supporter (below the shield) on the Robertson coat of arms, of a \"savage man in chains\" is in reference to the capture of Graham. It is in honour of Robert Riabhach that his descendants took the name Robertson. James II also erected the clan lands into the Barony of Struan, which formerly took in extensive lands in Highland Perthshire, notably in Glen Errochty, the north and south banks of Loch Tay and the area surrounding Loch Rannoch. None of these lands are any longer in the possession of the clan.\n Links: a. Struan, Perthshire b. Perth, Scotland c. Joan Beaufort, Queen of Scots d. Perth, Scotland", "neg": "Question: When did the pope who issued Regnans in Excelsis attain his position as pope? Passage:More than 300 Roman Catholics were put to death by English governments between 1535 and 1681 for treason, thus for secular rather than religious offenses. In 1570, Pope Pius V issued his papal bull Regnans in Excelsis, which absolved Catholics from their obligations to the government. This dramatically worsened the situation of the Catholics in England. English governments continued to fear the fictitious Popish Plot. The 1584 Parliament of England, declared in \"An Act against Jesuits, seminary priests, and such other like disobedient persons\" that the purpose of Jesuit missionaries who had come to Britain was \"to stir up and move sedition, rebellion and open hostility\". Consequently, Jesuit priests like Saint John Ogilvie were hanged. This somehow contrasts with the image of the Elizabethan era as the time of William Shakespeare, but compared to the antecedent Marian Persecutions there is an important difference to consider. Mary I of England had been motivated by a religious zeal to purge heresy from her land, and during her short reign from 1553 to 1558 about 290 Protestants had been burned at the stake for heresy, whereas Elizabeth I of England \"acted out of fear for the security of her realm.\"\n Links: a. Treason b. Papal bull c. Pope Pius V d. Treason", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}109{"query": "Question: How long after the start of the First Sino-Japanese War did the Battle of the Yalu River take place? Passage:As an ensign, Ogasawara served in combat during the First Sino-Japanese War on the cruiser Takachiho at the Battle of the Yalu River. He was subsequently served on the Amagi before transferred to the Navy General Staff Records Department, and assigned to compile an official record of naval operations during the war (which was published in 1903). Ogasawara continued to serve on the General Staff as a naval intelligence officer through the Russo-Japanese War and World War I, rising to the rank of vice admiral by 1918, aside from a one-year tour of sea duty as executive officer of the Chiyoda in 1903, and as captain of the cruiser Tokiwa and battleship Katori in 1912. He was an expert on codes and ciphers, but by the time he had reached flag rank, he was best known as public relations expert for the navy, with his colorful writings on naval history earning him the nickname of the \"literary admiral\".\n Links: a. Executive officer b. Russo-Japanese War c. Japanese battleship Katori d. First Sino-Japanese War", "pos": "Question: How long after the Russo-Japanese War did the general Prince Nashimoto served as captain live? Passage:Like the other princes of the imperial blood at the time, Prince Nashimoto Morimasa pursued a military career. Educated at the Central Military Preparatory School and the Imperial Japanese Army Academy, he received a commission as a second lieutenant in the IJA 39th Infantry Regiment in 1899. In 1903, he went to the École Spéciale Militaire de Saint-Cyr at St. Cyr, France, but returned to Japan the following year and served with his regiment as a captain under General Yasukata Oku in the Russo-Japanese War. Prince Nashimoto then returned to France in August 1906 and remained until July 1909. The Prince rose to the rank of major of the Infantry in 1906, lieutenant colonel in 1908, and colonel in 1910. He was promoted to lieutenant general and commander of the IJA 16th Division in August 1917.\n Links: a. Second lieutenant b. Major c. Russo-Japanese War d. Oku Yasukata", "neg": "Question: How long did Yoshika command Un'yō? Passage:Un'yō  was one of the ships dispatched to Kyūshū in 1874 during the Saga Rebellion. In May 1875, she carried diplomats to Busan in Korea in an attempt by the Japanese government to open diplomatic relations with the Joseon dynasty government. After they were rebuffed in these negotiations, the Japanese government again dispatched Un'yō in September 1875 under the command of Inoue Yoshika to provoke a military response, in what was later termed the Ganghwa Island incident. This eventually led to the Treaty of Ganghwa, which opened the Korean Peninsula to Japanese trade. In 1876, Un'yō  was assigned to assist in the suppression of the Hagi Rebellion, another uprising of disaffected former samurai. Un'yō  was severely damaged when she ran aground off the coast of the Kii Peninsula, and was scrapped the following year.\n Links: a. Japan–Korea Treaty of 1876 b. Inoue Yoshika c. Kyushu d. Inoue Yoshika", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}110{"query": "Question: How many days did the fair that Lehmann hosted in 1904 last? Passage:He was a founder of the St. Louis Art Museum and the State Historical Society of Missouri, president of the St. Louis Public Library, and a director of the St. Louis World's Fair (Louisiana Purchase Exposition) of 1904, in which he was host of the Universal Congress of Jurists and Lawyers. He was a bibliophile and he collected rare first editions of Charles Dickens, Robert Burns and others, and artworks of Aubrey Beardsley, George Cruikshank and Thomas Rowlandson. He and industrialist William K. Bixby started the Burns Society; he was twice president of the University Club of St. Louis. He had a remarkable (possibly eidetic) memory—when writer Henry James visited his house, Lehmann could recite whole works that James himself had written but forgotten. For most his life Lehmann was in demand as a public speaker, which he thoroughly enjoyed. His published works included: John Marshall (1901); The Lawyer in American History (1906); Abraham Lincoln (1908); Conservatism in Legal Procedure (1909); Prohibition (1910); and The Law and the Newspaper (1917).\n Links: a. Louisiana Purchase Exposition b. Louisiana Purchase Exposition c. Thomas Rowlandson d. Aubrey Beardsley", "pos": "Question: How many years was Taft president? Passage:Howard was born to Ossian Gregory Howard, a lawyer, and Lucy Denham Thurber on 11 June 1857. His relatives from his mother's side included the Harvard astronomer E.C. Pickering while other distant relatives included Senator J.M. Howard and President William Howard Taft. Shortly after his birth, the family moved from Rockford, to Ithaca, New York where his father worked with a law firm. Howard attended Ithaca Academy. An interest in insect collecting encouraged by his parents with the gift of The Butterfly Hunters by Mary Treat at the age of 10 followed by more books and at the age of 13, along with another collector friend, recorded the introduction of the European cabbage butterfly (Pieris rapae) in the Catskill region. Along with his friends, he founded the Ithaca Natural History Society to meet and discuss papers and insects. While out collecting one day, he met John Henry Comstock, who invited him to his lab at Cornell University. Howard enrolled in Cornell in September 1873, three years after the death of his father, and following the advice of his mother's friends, went to study civil engineering. Doing poorly in differential calculus made him drop engineering and he began to study other subjects including French, German, and Italian. He then joined Comstock's lab as the first research student and graduated in June 1877 with a thesis on respiration in the larva of Corydalis cornutus. He worked with Burt Green Wilder and Simon Henry Gage and received a masters at Cornell. In the 1880s, he also attended Columbian College (now George Washington University) for medicine, although he didn't complete it. He however received an honorary MD from the same university in 1911 for his contribution to medical entomology. \n Links: a. William Howard Taft b. Rockford, Illinois c. John Henry Comstock d. Pieris rapae", "neg": "Question: How many feet tall is the KCTV-Tower? Passage:The Nelson-Atkins Museum opened its Euro-Style Bloch addition in 2007, and the Safdie-designed Kauffman Center for the Performing Arts opened in 2011. The Power and Light Building is influenced by the Art Deco style and sports a glowing sky beacon. The new world headquarters of H&R Block is a 20-story all-glass oval bathed in a soft green light. The four industrial artworks atop the support towers of the Kansas City Convention Center (Bartle Hall) were once the subject of ridicule, but now define the night skyline near the new Sprint Center along with One Kansas City Place (Missouri's tallest office tower), the KCTV-Tower (Missouri's tallest freestanding structure) and the Liberty Memorial, a World War I memorial and museum that flaunts simulated flames and smoke billowing into the night skyline. It was designated as the National World War I Museum and Memorial in 2004 by the United States Congress. Kansas City is home to significant national and international architecture firms including ACI Boland, BNIM, 360 Architecture, HNTB, Populous. Frank Lloyd Wright designed two private residences and Community Christian Church there.\n Links: a. HNTB b. Kansas City Convention Center c. KCTV d. 360 Architecture", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}111{"query": "Question: How old was Thomas Marston Green Jr.s father when he was born? Passage:Thomas was born to Thomas Marston Green Sr., a future Colonel in the Continental Army, and Martha Wills. He was born in Williamsburg, Virginia, on February 26, 1758. In 1782 he moved with his family to Natchez District, Mississippi Territory. He would later move to Fayette, Mississippi where he would build the Springfield Plantation, and where he would live until his death. The Green family were good friends with Andrew Jackson and Rachel Donelson. Thomas's brother Abraham married Elizabeth Caffery who was the niece of Rachel Jackson. In August 1791, Andrew Jackson and Rachel were married at the Green Family Springfield Plantation. The marriage ceremony was performed by Thomas Green Sr., while Thomas Jr. served as a witness. Andrew and Rachel would later find out that Rachel's divorce was not finalized, at the time of the wedding.\n Links: a. Andrew Jackson b. Thomas M. Green Sr. c. Rachel Jackson d. Mississippi Territory", "pos": "Question: How much older than Elizabeth Cafffrey's aunt was Thomas Green Sr.? Passage:Thomas was born to Thomas Marston Green Sr., a future Colonel in the Continental Army, and Martha Wills. He was born in Williamsburg, Virginia, on February 26, 1758. In 1782 he moved with his family to Natchez District, Mississippi Territory. He would later move to Fayette, Mississippi where he would build the Springfield Plantation, and where he would live until his death. The Green family were good friends with Andrew Jackson and Rachel Donelson. Thomas's brother Abraham married Elizabeth Caffery who was the niece of Rachel Jackson. In August 1791, Andrew Jackson and Rachel were married at the Green Family Springfield Plantation. The marriage ceremony was performed by Thomas Green Sr., while Thomas Jr. served as a witness. Andrew and Rachel would later find out that Rachel's divorce was not finalized, at the time of the wedding.\n Links: a. Williamsburg, Virginia b. Rachel Jackson c. Natchez District d. Rachel Jackson", "neg": "Question: How old was Thomas Kenan's father when he died? Passage:Thomas Stephen Kenan (February 12, 1838 – December 23, 1911) was a Confederate soldier, and later a politician. His parents were Sarah Rebecca Graham and Owen Rand Kenan; he was the grandson of U.S. Congressman Thomas Kenan and great-grandson of Revolutionary War general James Kenan. He started his education in Duplin County, North Carolina at Old Grove Academy in Kenansville (the town was named for his great-grandfather in 1818). Later he spent a year at Central Military Institute in Selma, Alabama. Thomas spent his freshman year of college at Wake Forest in June. Thomas then transferred his sophomore year to the University of North Carolina, where he would graduate in 1857. He studied law for two years with Judge Pearson at Richmond Hill where he practiced law in Kenansville. After graduation and during the Civil War he became Captain of the Duplin Rifles in the Confederate States Army, elected lieutenant colonel of the 43rd North Carolina Infantry Regiment in April 1862, and was promoted to colonel later that year. He was wounded at the Battle of Gettysburg. While on an ambulance train, he and his older brother James Kenan were both captured; they were then imprisoned on Johnson's Island, Ohio. On March 22, 1865, he was released on parole but never switched sides during the war. On his return home he was elected to the state legislature from 1865 to 1867. Later that year he ran for Congress and lost. Not letting that defeat end his political career, he moved to Wilson, North Carolina, where he became mayor and was elected North Carolina Attorney General, serving from 1877 to 1885. In May 1868 he married Miss Sallie Dortch, but they had no children; Sallie died in 1916.\n Links: a. Owen Rand Kenan b. North Carolina c. North Carolina Attorney General d. Kenansville, North Carolina", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}112{"query": "Question: Who was the director of the film in which Henson operated a marionette of Scooter riding a bicycle? Passage:Brian David Henson was born in New York City, is the first born son of Jane Henson (née Nebel; 1934–2013) and Jim Henson (1936–1990). He has four siblings: Lisa (born 1960), Cheryl (born 1961), John (1965–2014), and Heather Henson (born 1970). As a child, he made several cameo appearances in some of the filmed segments his father produced for the PBS children's series Sesame Street, most notably in various segments of the \"Number Song Series.\" As he got older, he built the very first Muppet penguin puppet for the opening \"Lullaby of Broadway\" segment of a season three episode of The Muppet Show, guest starring Gilda Radner. During his summer break from high school in 1980, he assisted in the bicycle sequence from The Great Muppet Caper (1981). He helped create and operate a special rigging device that was created to allow the Muppets to ride bicycles since he was skilled in the use of marionette puppets. A few years later, he similarly operated a marionette of Scooter riding a bicycle in The Muppets Take Manhattan (1984).\n Links: a. Marionette b. Heather Henson c. The Muppets Take Manhattan d. Gilda Radner", "pos": "Question: Who distributed the video game in which Donald appeared in 1991? Passage:Donald Duck rose to fame with his comedic roles in animated cartoons. Donald's first appearance was in 1934 in The Wise Little Hen, but it was his second appearance in Orphan's Benefit which introduced him as a temperamental comic foil to Mickey Mouse. Throughout the next two decades, Donald appeared in over 150 theatrical films, several of which were recognized at the Academy Awards. In the 1930s, he typically appeared as part of a comic trio with Mickey and Goofy and was given his own film series in 1937 starting with Don Donald. These films introduced Donald's love interest Daisy Duck and often included his three nephews Huey, Dewey, and Louie. After the 1956 film Chips Ahoy, Donald appeared primarily in educational films before eventually returning to theatrical animation in Mickey's Christmas Carol (1983). His most recent appearance in a theatrical film was 1999's Fantasia 2000. Donald has also appeared in direct-to-video features such as  (2004), television series such as Mickey Mouse Clubhouse (2006–2016), and video games such as QuackShot (1991).\n Links: a. Chips Ahoy (film) b. Fantasia 2000 c. QuackShot d. QuackShot", "neg": "Question: In what county is the city located where Henson was born? Passage:Brian David Henson was born in New York City, is the first born son of Jane Henson (née Nebel; 1934–2013) and Jim Henson (1936–1990). He has four siblings: Lisa (born 1960), Cheryl (born 1961), John (1965–2014), and Heather Henson (born 1970). As a child, he made several cameo appearances in some of the filmed segments his father produced for the PBS children's series Sesame Street, most notably in various segments of the \"Number Song Series.\" As he got older, he built the very first Muppet penguin puppet for the opening \"Lullaby of Broadway\" segment of a season three episode of The Muppet Show, guest starring Gilda Radner. During his summer break from high school in 1980, he assisted in the bicycle sequence from The Great Muppet Caper (1981). He helped create and operate a special rigging device that was created to allow the Muppets to ride bicycles since he was skilled in the use of marionette puppets. A few years later, he similarly operated a marionette of Scooter riding a bicycle in The Muppets Take Manhattan (1984).\n Links: a. Lisa Henson b. Sesame Street c. Gilda Radner d. New York City", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}113{"query": "Question: How long in minutes does the movie Mohabbatein measure? Passage:She made her film debut in 2000 with the Yash Raj Films movie Mohabbatein, which was directed by Aditya Chopra. Her portrayal of Ishika earned her the 2001 IIFA Award for Star Debut of the Year – Female. Soon after, she gave the best dance numbers to Bollywood, including \"Sharara Sharara\" in Mere Yaar Ki Shaadi Hai (2001) and \"Chori Pe Chori\" in Saathiya (2002), to getting appreciated for her acting in the film Zeher (2005), where she was nominated as the Star of the Year - Female at Stardust awards (2006). She worked once with her sister Shilpa Shetty in Fareb. She has also been part of multi-star-cast projects like Cash (2007) and Bewafa (2005). Alongside her acting career, she decided to focus on her other love, i.e. Interior designing. She designed Royalty (a club in Mumbai), Chandigarh Iosis spa (Won best interior award at Asia spa awards) and few other properties abroad. She has a registered company called \"Golden Leaf interiors\"  \n Links: a. Aditya Chopra b. Fareb (2005 film) c. Cash d. Mohabbatein", "pos": "Question: Which role did Shamita Shetty play in the movie Mohabbatein? Passage:She made her film debut in 2000 with the Yash Raj Films movie Mohabbatein, which was directed by Aditya Chopra. Her portrayal of Ishika earned her the 2001 IIFA Award for Star Debut of the Year – Female. Soon after, she gave the best dance numbers to Bollywood, including \"Sharara Sharara\" in Mere Yaar Ki Shaadi Hai (2001) and \"Chori Pe Chori\" in Saathiya (2002), to getting appreciated for her acting in the film Zeher (2005), where she was nominated as the Star of the Year - Female at Stardust awards (2006). She worked once with her sister Shilpa Shetty in Fareb. She has also been part of multi-star-cast projects like Cash (2007) and Bewafa (2005). Alongside her acting career, she decided to focus on her other love, i.e. Interior designing. She designed Royalty (a club in Mumbai), Chandigarh Iosis spa (Won best interior award at Asia spa awards) and few other properties abroad. She has a registered company called \"Golden Leaf interiors\"  \n Links: a. Shilpa Shetty b. Bollywood c. Zeher d. Mohabbatein", "neg": "Question: Who starred with Shamita Shetty in the movie Cash in 2007?\n Passage:She made her film debut in 2000 with the Yash Raj Films movie Mohabbatein, which was directed by Aditya Chopra. Her portrayal of Ishika earned her the 2001 IIFA Award for Star Debut of the Year – Female. Soon after, she gave the best dance numbers to Bollywood, including \"Sharara Sharara\" in Mere Yaar Ki Shaadi Hai (2001) and \"Chori Pe Chori\" in Saathiya (2002), to getting appreciated for her acting in the film Zeher (2005), where she was nominated as the Star of the Year - Female at Stardust awards (2006). She worked once with her sister Shilpa Shetty in Fareb. She has also been part of multi-star-cast projects like Cash (2007) and Bewafa (2005). Alongside her acting career, she decided to focus on her other love, i.e. Interior designing. She designed Royalty (a club in Mumbai), Chandigarh Iosis spa (Won best interior award at Asia spa awards) and few other properties abroad. She has a registered company called \"Golden Leaf interiors\"  \n Links: a. Cash b. Stardust (magazine) c. Shilpa Shetty d. Aditya Chopra", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}114{"query": "Question: Did Ida's father have more than one child? Passage:The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle indicates that Ida's reign began in 547, and records him as the son of Eoppa, grandson of Esa, and great-grandson of Ingwy. Likewise, the Historia Brittonum calls him as the son of Eoppa and the first king of Berneich or Bernicia. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle elaborates that he ruled for twelve years and built the Bernician capital of Bamburgh Castle. Later, however, the Chronicle confuses his territory with the later Northumbria, saying that Ælla, historically a king of Deira rather than Bernicia, succeeded him as king after his death. Northumbria did not exist until the union of Bernicia with the kingdom of Deira; this happened for the first time under Ida's grandson Æthelfrith. The genealogies of the Anglo-Saxon kings attached to some manuscripts of the Historia Brittonum give more information on Ida and his family; the text names Ida's \"one queen\" as Bearnoch and indicates that he had twelve sons, naming among them Adda, Æthelric, Theodric, Eadric, Theodhere, Osmere and Ealric. Several of these are listed as kings. One of them, Theodric, is noted for fighting against a Brittonic coalition led by Urien Rheged and his sons. The genealogical preface to Chronicon ex chronicis names six sons, Adda, Bealric, Theodric, Ethelric, Osmere, and Theodhere, born to his wife and six born to concubines, Ocga, Alric, Ecca, Oswald, Sogor and Sogothere. Ida's successor, Glappa, does not appear among his sons in any of the early sources. Ida's descendants would rule Bernicia and later Northumbria.\n Links: a. Anglo-Saxon Chronicle b. Ida of Bernicia c. Glappa of Bernicia d. Urien", "pos": "Question: Which of Harald's wives was the mother of his son Sweyn? Passage:Gorm's son, Harald Bluetooth succeeded his father as king and married possibly three times with Gunhild, Tove and Gyrid. Harald had a son named Sweyn Forkbeard. Sweyn succeeded his father as king and married Gunhild (Świętosława of Poland). They had a son named Cnut the Great. Sweyn also ruled England in his lifetime and established the Danish Empire. When Sweyn died, his elder son Harald Svendsen became the King of Denmark, while England's former king, Ethelred, reclaimed the throne. Following Harald's death, his brother Cnut the Great became king, re-established the Danish North Sea Empire. He married Emma of Normandy with whom he had a son named Harthacnut. When Cnut died (and after the brothers of Harthacnut also had died), Harthacnut became king of Denmark and England. Upon his death, Edward the Confessor became ruler of England in 1042. Sweyn Forkbeard also had a daughter, Estrid, from whom all ruling kings and queens of Denmark after 1047 descend.\n Links: a. Edward the Confessor b. Sweyn Forkbeard c. Gyrid of Sweden d. Harald Bluetooth", "neg": "Question: How many kings had there been before Gorm's son? Passage:Gorm's son, Harald Bluetooth succeeded his father as king and married possibly three times with Gunhild, Tove and Gyrid. Harald had a son named Sweyn Forkbeard. Sweyn succeeded his father as king and married Gunhild (Świętosława of Poland). They had a son named Cnut the Great. Sweyn also ruled England in his lifetime and established the Danish Empire. When Sweyn died, his elder son Harald Svendsen became the King of Denmark, while England's former king, Ethelred, reclaimed the throne. Following Harald's death, his brother Cnut the Great became king, re-established the Danish North Sea Empire. He married Emma of Normandy with whom he had a son named Harthacnut. When Cnut died (and after the brothers of Harthacnut also had died), Harthacnut became king of Denmark and England. Upon his death, Edward the Confessor became ruler of England in 1042. Sweyn Forkbeard also had a daughter, Estrid, from whom all ruling kings and queens of Denmark after 1047 descend.\n Links: a. Harald II of Denmark b. Edward the Confessor c. Harald Bluetooth d. Emma of Normandy", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}115{"query": "Question: How old was Benedict Joseph Fenwick when he became the second Bishop of Boston? Passage:In 1825, Benedict Joseph Fenwick, S.J., a Jesuit from Maryland, became the second Bishop of Boston. He was the first to articulate a vision for a \"College in the City of Boston\" that would raise a new generation of leaders to serve both the civic and spiritual needs of his fledgling diocese. In 1827, Bishop Fenwick opened a school in the basement of his cathedral and took to the personal instruction of the city's youth. His efforts to attract other Jesuits to the faculty were hampered both by Boston's distance from the center of Jesuit activity in Maryland and by suspicion on the part of the city's Protestant elite. Relations with Boston's civic leaders worsened such that, when a Jesuit faculty was finally secured in 1843, Fenwick decided to leave the Boston school and instead opened the College of the Holy Cross west of the city in Worcester, Massachusetts where he felt the Jesuits could operate with greater autonomy. Meanwhile, the vision for a college in Boston was sustained by John McElroy, S.J., who saw an even greater need for such an institution in light of Boston's growing Irish Catholic immigrant population. With the approval of his Jesuit superiors, McElroy went about raising funds and in 1857 purchased land for \"The Boston College\" on Harrison Avenue in the Hudson neighborhood of South End, Boston, Massachusetts. With little fanfare, the college's two buildings—a schoolhouse and a church—welcomed their first class of scholastics in 1859. Two years later, with as little fanfare, BC closed again. Its short-lived second incarnation was plagued by the outbreak of Civil War and disagreement within the Society over the college's governance and finances. BC's inability to obtain a charter from the anti-Catholic Massachusetts legislature only compounded its troubles.\n Links: a. Maryland b. Maryland c. Society of Jesus d. Benedict Joseph Fenwick", "pos": "Question: How old was Bishop Loras when he traveled to France? Passage:He was born in Montluel, in the département of Ain, France, 19 December 1799. He lived at St. Paul, Minnesota, 22 February 1857. He made his preparatory studies in the Petits séminaires of Meximieux (Ain) and Saint-Genis-l'Argentière (Rhône), his studies of philosophy at Alix (Rhône), and of theology in the seminary of Saint-Sulpice, Paris. He was ordained priest 20 December 1823, and soon was appointed vicar in the parish at Ferney, once the home of Voltaire, and eventually became its parish priest. He built there a new church and founded a boys' college with funds gathered on a tour through France. At this period, he revived the Catholic faith among many indifferent parishioners, who were made indifferent by the surviving influence of Descartes, and the proximity of the Protestant cantons of Switzerland. But Crétin longed for a larger field of activity; at one time he thought earnestly of going as a missionary to China. His perplexities in that regard were solved by the advent of Bishop Mathias Loras, first bishop of Dubuque, Iowa, who arrived in France in 1838 in search of priests for to evangelize his vast diocese. Crétin was one of the few who volunteered and on 16 August 1838, he secretly left his parish, embarked at Le Havre with Bishop Loras, and landed in New York in October of the same year. The winter of 1838-39 was spent in St. Louis, Missouri, and on his arrival in Dubuque, 18 April 1839, he was immediately appointed vicar-general of the new diocese. For over eleven years, he exercised his priestly ministry in these new regions, dividing his time between Dubuque, Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin, and the Winnebago Indians in the neighborhood of Fort Atkinson, in Winneshiek County, Iowa. Only once, in 1847, did he absent himself, when he made a trip to Europe in the interest of his missions. In 1850 St. Paul, Minnesota became the seat of a new diocese. Crétin was appointed its first bishop, and went to France, to be consecrated, 26 January 1851, at Belley by Bishop Devie, who had ordained him to the priesthood.\n Links: a. Parish b. Voltaire c. China d. Mathias Loras", "neg": "Question: How old was the Bishop that gave Quarter permission to leave and be a missionary? Passage:While preparing to enter Maynooth College, Quarter was visited by a priest who had served as a missionary in the United States. The young man was moved by the priest's stories of the dreadful plight of Catholics in America (many of whom were without priests, churches, or the sacraments), and resolved to dedicate himself to the missions there. Having obtained permission from Bishop James Warren Doyle, Quarter departed from Ireland in April 1822 and later landed at Quebec, Canada. Following his arrival, he was rejected at the seminaries of both the Archdiocese of Quebec and the Diocese of Montreal on account of his young age but, journeying southward, was finally accepted at Mount St. Mary's College in Emmitsburg, Maryland. While at Mount St. Mary's, he became professor of Greek and Latin, as well as sacristan, in 1823. He completed his theological studies in 1829 and then went to New York, where he was ordained a priest by Bishop John Dubois on September 19 of that year.\n Links: a. James Warren Doyle b. James Warren Doyle c. Sacraments of the Catholic Church d. Sacraments of the Catholic Church", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}116{"query": "Question: How tall is the player that was brought back to Boston in a February 24, 2005 trade that involved Payton? Passage:Prior to the 2004–05 season, the Lakers traded Payton and Rick Fox to the Boston Celtics for center Chris Mihm, small forward Jumaine Jones and point guard Chucky Atkins. While Payton expressed displeasure with the trade, he ultimately did report to Boston and began the 2004–05 season as the Celtics' starting point guard. On February 24, 2005 Payton was traded to the Atlanta Hawks in a deal that brought former Celtic Antoine Walker back to Boston. The Hawks then waived Payton immediately following the trade, and he returned a week later to Boston as a free agent. Payton started all 77 games he played for Boston and averaged 11.3 points per game and 6.1 assists as the Celtics won the Atlantic Division before losing in the first round to the Indiana Pacers.\n Links: a. 2004–05 NBA season b. Antoine Walker c. Free agent d. Rick Fox", "pos": "Question: What year was the player drafted who Payton was traded along with to the Boston Celtics? Passage:Prior to the 2004–05 season, the Lakers traded Payton and Rick Fox to the Boston Celtics for center Chris Mihm, small forward Jumaine Jones and point guard Chucky Atkins. While Payton expressed displeasure with the trade, he ultimately did report to Boston and began the 2004–05 season as the Celtics' starting point guard. On February 24, 2005 Payton was traded to the Atlanta Hawks in a deal that brought former Celtic Antoine Walker back to Boston. The Hawks then waived Payton immediately following the trade, and he returned a week later to Boston as a free agent. Payton started all 77 games he played for Boston and averaged 11.3 points per game and 6.1 assists as the Celtics won the Atlantic Division before losing in the first round to the Indiana Pacers.\n Links: a. Antoine Walker b. Rick Fox c. Free agent d. Eastern Conference (NBA)", "neg": "Question: When was the player that Shawn Bradley was traded to the New Jersey for drafted into the NBA? Passage:The 1995–96 NBA season was the 76ers 47th season in the National Basketball Association, and 33rd season in Philadelphia. During the offseason, the Sixers signed free agent Vernon Maxwell, then later on signed second-year guard Trevor Ruffin in December. Top draft pick Jerry Stackhouse and Clarence Weatherspoon both provided a nice young nucleus from which to build. However, finding talent to surround them was often difficult, as the Sixers suffered an 11-game losing streak after a 2–2 start. Early into the season, Shawn Bradley was traded to the New Jersey Nets for Derrick Coleman, who only played in just eleven games due to an irregular heartbeat. At midseason, second-year forward Sharone Wright was dealt to the expansion Toronto Raptors as Jeff Malone was released to free agency. The Sixers had their worst season since the infamous 73-loss 1972–73 season, finishing last place in the Atlantic Division with an 18–64 record. \n Links: a. 1972–73 Philadelphia 76ers season b. 1972–73 Philadelphia 76ers season c. 1995–96 Toronto Raptors season d. Derrick Coleman", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}117{"query": "Question: When was the Neolithic period? Passage:It was first studied by Lorraine Copeland and Peter Wescombe in 1965–1966. A wide variety of materials were recovered from the site and its immediate area that are now held in the Saint Joseph University in Beirut. Stone tools from the surface included numerous short, wide, sickle blades with fine denticulation or nibbling along with tanged arrowheads, scrapers, chisels, axes, burins, obsidian and a small green stone axe. Pottery resembled middle periods at Byblos and coloured similar to at Ard Tlaili with red or black washes. Both fine and coarse shards were found of jars with a variety of collared and flared necks and flat bases along with bow rims such as those found at Jericho. Vessels were decorated with stabbed and incised designs, finger pressed around the rim and smoothed by hand or with straw. A painted lattice pattern was detected on at least one piece. Comparisons were made with middle and late Neolithic periods at Byblos showing inhabitation from several phases. The site was also used in Bronze Age and Classical times and material from these phases has been found over a wide area around the site.\n Links: a. Arrowhead b. Neolithic c. Saint Joseph University d. Sickle", "pos": "Question: What is Lorraine Copeland's field of study? Passage:It was first studied by Lorraine Copeland and Peter Wescombe in 1965–1966. A wide variety of materials were recovered from the site and its immediate area that are now held in the Saint Joseph University in Beirut. Stone tools from the surface included numerous short, wide, sickle blades with fine denticulation or nibbling along with tanged arrowheads, scrapers, chisels, axes, burins, obsidian and a small green stone axe. Pottery resembled middle periods at Byblos and coloured similar to at Ard Tlaili with red or black washes. Both fine and coarse shards were found of jars with a variety of collared and flared necks and flat bases along with bow rims such as those found at Jericho. Vessels were decorated with stabbed and incised designs, finger pressed around the rim and smoothed by hand or with straw. A painted lattice pattern was detected on at least one piece. Comparisons were made with middle and late Neolithic periods at Byblos showing inhabitation from several phases. The site was also used in Bronze Age and Classical times and material from these phases has been found over a wide area around the site.\n Links: a. Beirut b. Lorraine Copeland c. Axe d. Arrowhead", "neg": "Question: When was the Bronze age? Passage:It was first studied by Lorraine Copeland and Peter Wescombe in 1965–1966. A wide variety of materials were recovered from the site and its immediate area that are now held in the Saint Joseph University in Beirut. Stone tools from the surface included numerous short, wide, sickle blades with fine denticulation or nibbling along with tanged arrowheads, scrapers, chisels, axes, burins, obsidian and a small green stone axe. Pottery resembled middle periods at Byblos and coloured similar to at Ard Tlaili with red or black washes. Both fine and coarse shards were found of jars with a variety of collared and flared necks and flat bases along with bow rims such as those found at Jericho. Vessels were decorated with stabbed and incised designs, finger pressed around the rim and smoothed by hand or with straw. A painted lattice pattern was detected on at least one piece. Comparisons were made with middle and late Neolithic periods at Byblos showing inhabitation from several phases. The site was also used in Bronze Age and Classical times and material from these phases has been found over a wide area around the site.\n Links: a. Neolithic b. Byblos c. Bronze Age d. Jericho", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}118{"query": "Question: Was Keogan's hometown founded before the university he attended from 1909 to 1913? Passage:The Minnesota Lake, Minnesota native attended University of Minnesota from 1909 to 1913. He began coaching high school varsities after his freshman year in college, guiding first Lockport High School (1910–1911) followed by Riverside High School (1911–1912). Meanwhile, he was also coaching several college basketball teams: Charles City College in Iowa (1909–1910), Superior State Teachers College in Wisconsin (1912–1914), Saint Louis University (1914–15) and the University of St. Thomas in St. Paul, Minnesota (1917–1918). During World War I he served at Great Lakes Naval Training Station. After briefly coaching Allegheny College in Meadville, Pennsylvania (1919–1920) and Valparaiso, Keogan arrived at University of Notre Dame. He served as head basketball and baseball coach, as well as assistant to the legendary football coach Knute Rockne. Keogan compiled a 327–96–1 at Notre Dame.\n Links: a. Lockport High School b. Allegheny College c. University of Minnesota d. Minnesota Lake, Minnesota", "pos": "Question: Did Miller serve as head coach of the United States Naval Academy longer than Knute Rockne was coach at Notre Dame? Passage:Edgar E. \"Rip\" Miller (June 1, 1901 – October 1, 1991) was an American football player, coach, and college athletics administrator. Miller played college football as a tackle at the University of Notre Dame from 1922 to 1924. He was a member of the \"Seven Mules\" line that blocked for the famous \"Four Horsemen\" backfield on Knute Rockne's national championship team of 1924. Miller served as the head football coach at the United States Naval Academy from 1931 to 1933, compiling a record of 12–15–2. After stepping down as head coach, he remained at Navy as line coach until 1947 and then was the assistant athletic director there from 1948 until his retirement in 1974. Miller was elected to the College Football Hall of Fame as a player in 1966. Five of his Notre Dame teammates are also enshrined in the Hall of Fame: fellow \"Mule\", Adam Walsh, and each of the \"Four Horsemen\", Harry Stuhldreher, Don Miller, Jim Crowley, and Elmer Layden.\n Links: a. American football b. Tackle (gridiron football position) c. Athletic director d. Knute Rockne", "neg": "Question: Are the two high schools that Keogan began coaching at located in the same state? Passage:The Minnesota Lake, Minnesota native attended University of Minnesota from 1909 to 1913. He began coaching high school varsities after his freshman year in college, guiding first Lockport High School (1910–1911) followed by Riverside High School (1911–1912). Meanwhile, he was also coaching several college basketball teams: Charles City College in Iowa (1909–1910), Superior State Teachers College in Wisconsin (1912–1914), Saint Louis University (1914–15) and the University of St. Thomas in St. Paul, Minnesota (1917–1918). During World War I he served at Great Lakes Naval Training Station. After briefly coaching Allegheny College in Meadville, Pennsylvania (1919–1920) and Valparaiso, Keogan arrived at University of Notre Dame. He served as head basketball and baseball coach, as well as assistant to the legendary football coach Knute Rockne. Keogan compiled a 327–96–1 at Notre Dame.\n Links: a. Lockport High School b. University of St. Thomas (Minnesota) c. Saint Paul, Minnesota d. University of Minnesota", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}119{"query": "Question: Which TNA wrestling stable had been in existence first when Hayashi challenged them in a three-way match? Passage:On July 10, 2013, Hayashi was announced as part of Keiji Mutoh's new Wrestle-1 promotion. During the promotion's inaugural event on September 8, Hayashi teamed with Shuji Kondo in a tag team match, where they were defeated by the Big Japan Pro Wrestling team of Daisuke Sekimoto and Yuji Okabayashi. As part of a working relationship between Wrestle-1 and American promotion Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), Hayashi and Kondo earned a shot at the TNA World Tag Team Championship by defeating Desperado (Kazma Sakamoto and Masayuki Kono) on February 15, 2014. On March 2 at , Hayashi and Kondo unsuccessfully challenged The Wolves (Davey Richards and Eddie Edwards) for the TNA World Tag Team Championship in a three-way match, which also included The BroMans (Jessie Godderz and Robbie E), who went on to win the match and become the new champions. On September 22, Hayashi entered the Wrestle-1 Championship tournament, but was defeated in his first round match by Kondo. On October 12, Hayashi worked TNA's Bound for Glory event in Tokyo, unsuccessfully challenging Samoa Joe for the TNA X Division Championship in a three-way match, which also included Low Ki. In November, Hayashi and Kondo took part in the First Tag League Greatest tournament, set to determine the inaugural Wrestle-1 Tag Team Champions, where they finished second in their block with a record of three wins and one loss, advancing to the semifinals. On November 30, Hayashi and Kondo first defeated Kai and Ryota Hama in the semifinals and then Akira and Manabu Soya in the finals to win the tournament and become the inaugural Wrestle-1 Tag Team Champions. After seven successful title defenses, they lost the title to Soya and Jun Kasai on July 12, 2015. On October 9, Kondo broke off his partnership with Hayashi. On January 31, 2016, Hayashi, Minoru Tanaka and Tajiri won the vacant UWA World Trios Championship. They lost the title to Andy Wu, Daiki Inaba and Seiki Yoshioka in their fifth defense on July 29. On September 18, Hayashi and Kotaro Suzuki won the vacant Wrestle-1 Tag Team Championship. They lost the title to Koji Doi and Kumagoro on March 20, 2017.\n Links: a. Impact World Tag Team Championship b. Samoa Joe c. Robbie E d. The American Wolves", "pos": "Question: Which of the wrestling promotions had been in running the longest when Katsu made her official debut against Dash Chisako? Passage:While still attending high school in Tokyo, Katsu began training professional wrestling at the dojo of the JWP Joshi Puroresu promotion. On January 20, 2011, she passed a traditional audition held in front of her trainers and JWP management and officially graduated to the main roster of the promotion, becoming its first ever member still in high school. Katsu made her debut on March 21, 2011, wrestling JWP Openweight Champion Leon to a draw in a five-minute \"exhibition match\". She made her \"official\" debut in Korakuen Hall on April 3, 2011, losing to Sendai Girls' Pro Wrestling representative Dash Chisako. On April 17, Katsu entered the J-1 Grand Prix 2011 and was defeated in her first round-robin match by masu-me. On May 22, she was defeated in her second match in the tournament by Sachie Abe. On June 12, Katsu was again defeated by masu-me, this time in a match to determine the number one contender to the JWP Junior and Princess of Pro-Wrestling Championships. Katsu won her first match on June 26, when she, Ebessan and Kaori Yoneyama defeated Gami, Kanjyuro Matsuyama and Kyusei Ninja Ranmaru, though she did not take part in the finish of the match. Katsu finally scored her first pinfall win on July 18, when she defeated freelancer Mika Iida in a singles match. On August 14, Katsu entered the annual Natsu Onna Kettei Tournament, but was eliminated in her first round match by Ice Ribbon representative Hikari Minami. On September 23, Katsu entered the Souseiseki Cup / Blue Star Cup round-robin tournament for rookies, defeating Ice Ribbon's Dorami Nagano in her first match. She followed that up by also defeating Aoi Yagami on October 10, Mexican wrestler Lady Afrodita on November 13, and masu-me on November 20. During the tournament, on October 16, Katsu also made her debut for Oz Academy, facing Nao Komatsu in a losing effort. On December 16, Katsu suffered her first loss in the tournament against Nana Kawasa, but still won her block to advance to the finals of the tournament. On December 23, Katsu defeated Rabbit Miu to win the 2011 Souseiseki Cup / Blue Star Cup tournament. The following day, Katsu was named JWP's rookie of the year. As a result of her tournament win, Katsu received a shot at the JWP Junior and Princess of Pro-Wrestling Championships on January 9, 2012, but was defeated by the defending champion, Osaka Joshi Pro Wrestling representative Sawako Shimono.\n Links: a. Mexicans b. Kaori Yoneyama c. Leon (Japanese wrestler) d. JWP Joshi Puroresu", "neg": "Question: How long had the Desperado been wrestling for TNA when Hayashi and Kondo defeated them? Passage:On July 10, 2013, Hayashi was announced as part of Keiji Mutoh's new Wrestle-1 promotion. During the promotion's inaugural event on September 8, Hayashi teamed with Shuji Kondo in a tag team match, where they were defeated by the Big Japan Pro Wrestling team of Daisuke Sekimoto and Yuji Okabayashi. As part of a working relationship between Wrestle-1 and American promotion Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), Hayashi and Kondo earned a shot at the TNA World Tag Team Championship by defeating Desperado (Kazma Sakamoto and Masayuki Kono) on February 15, 2014. On March 2 at , Hayashi and Kondo unsuccessfully challenged The Wolves (Davey Richards and Eddie Edwards) for the TNA World Tag Team Championship in a three-way match, which also included The BroMans (Jessie Godderz and Robbie E), who went on to win the match and become the new champions. On September 22, Hayashi entered the Wrestle-1 Championship tournament, but was defeated in his first round match by Kondo. On October 12, Hayashi worked TNA's Bound for Glory event in Tokyo, unsuccessfully challenging Samoa Joe for the TNA X Division Championship in a three-way match, which also included Low Ki. In November, Hayashi and Kondo took part in the First Tag League Greatest tournament, set to determine the inaugural Wrestle-1 Tag Team Champions, where they finished second in their block with a record of three wins and one loss, advancing to the semifinals. On November 30, Hayashi and Kondo first defeated Kai and Ryota Hama in the semifinals and then Akira and Manabu Soya in the finals to win the tournament and become the inaugural Wrestle-1 Tag Team Champions. After seven successful title defenses, they lost the title to Soya and Jun Kasai on July 12, 2015. On October 9, Kondo broke off his partnership with Hayashi. On January 31, 2016, Hayashi, Minoru Tanaka and Tajiri won the vacant UWA World Trios Championship. They lost the title to Andy Wu, Daiki Inaba and Seiki Yoshioka in their fifth defense on July 29. On September 18, Hayashi and Kotaro Suzuki won the vacant Wrestle-1 Tag Team Championship. They lost the title to Koji Doi and Kumagoro on March 20, 2017.\n Links: a. Kazma Sakamoto b. Robbie E c. Impact X Division Championship d. Impact World Tag Team Championship", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}120{"query": "Question: Was Justin Wilson a professional race car driver the year McGarrity won the Formula Ford Festival? Passage:McGarrity won the Formula Ford Festival in 1995 after finishing second in the British Formula Ford series. He was nominated for the McLaren Autosport BRDC Award but it went to fellow Northern Ireland driver Jonny Kane. In 1996 he drove in Formula Opel and the following year he drove in the British Formula Three Championship where he finished 10th. In 1998 he moved up to Formula 3000 where he competed in the first five races for Raceprep Motorsport and rounds 7 through 9 for Nordic Racing. He competed full-time in 1999 for Nordic Racing and finished 10th in points despite only finishing in the points once, finishing on the podium in second in the season opener at Imola. He returned to the team and series in 2000, this time with teammate Justin Wilson. He finished 20th in points with a best finish of 4th at Monaco. In 2001 he left formula cars for sports car racing and drove in the 2001 24 Hours of Le Mans for the MG factory team, but the car failed to finish. He drove the same car in 2002 but the result was the same. He returned to the race in 2004 driving a Bioethanol powered Reynard-Judd for Team Nasamax, finishing the race 17th overall. He drove part-time in the Le Mans Series in 2006. He then joined McLaren Automotive as full-time test driver for the new McLaren car project the MP4-12C from the start of the project.\n Links: a. Circuit de Monaco b. Nordic Racing c. Justin Wilson (racing driver) d. Sports car racing", "pos": "Question: Who was driving for Nordic Racing the year McGarrity left formula cars for sports car racing? Passage:McGarrity won the Formula Ford Festival in 1995 after finishing second in the British Formula Ford series. He was nominated for the McLaren Autosport BRDC Award but it went to fellow Northern Ireland driver Jonny Kane. In 1996 he drove in Formula Opel and the following year he drove in the British Formula Three Championship where he finished 10th. In 1998 he moved up to Formula 3000 where he competed in the first five races for Raceprep Motorsport and rounds 7 through 9 for Nordic Racing. He competed full-time in 1999 for Nordic Racing and finished 10th in points despite only finishing in the points once, finishing on the podium in second in the season opener at Imola. He returned to the team and series in 2000, this time with teammate Justin Wilson. He finished 20th in points with a best finish of 4th at Monaco. In 2001 he left formula cars for sports car racing and drove in the 2001 24 Hours of Le Mans for the MG factory team, but the car failed to finish. He drove the same car in 2002 but the result was the same. He returned to the race in 2004 driving a Bioethanol powered Reynard-Judd for Team Nasamax, finishing the race 17th overall. He drove part-time in the Le Mans Series in 2006. He then joined McLaren Automotive as full-time test driver for the new McLaren car project the MP4-12C from the start of the project.\n Links: a. Jonny Kane b. Jonny Kane c. Nordic Racing d. Ethanol", "neg": "Question: How long had the Formula Ford Festival been in existence for the year McGarrity won it? Passage:McGarrity won the Formula Ford Festival in 1995 after finishing second in the British Formula Ford series. He was nominated for the McLaren Autosport BRDC Award but it went to fellow Northern Ireland driver Jonny Kane. In 1996 he drove in Formula Opel and the following year he drove in the British Formula Three Championship where he finished 10th. In 1998 he moved up to Formula 3000 where he competed in the first five races for Raceprep Motorsport and rounds 7 through 9 for Nordic Racing. He competed full-time in 1999 for Nordic Racing and finished 10th in points despite only finishing in the points once, finishing on the podium in second in the season opener at Imola. He returned to the team and series in 2000, this time with teammate Justin Wilson. He finished 20th in points with a best finish of 4th at Monaco. In 2001 he left formula cars for sports car racing and drove in the 2001 24 Hours of Le Mans for the MG factory team, but the car failed to finish. He drove the same car in 2002 but the result was the same. He returned to the race in 2004 driving a Bioethanol powered Reynard-Judd for Team Nasamax, finishing the race 17th overall. He drove part-time in the Le Mans Series in 2006. He then joined McLaren Automotive as full-time test driver for the new McLaren car project the MP4-12C from the start of the project.\n Links: a. Formula Ford Festival b. Justin Wilson (racing driver) c. Formula 3000 d. Sports car racing", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}121{"query": "Question: Which famous English actress who played the title role died first? Passage:Zaïre was soon translated into English by Aaron Hill as Zara: A Tragedy. Following its successful run at London's Drury Lane Theatre in 1736, Zara became the most frequently staged English adaptation of a Voltaire play. Famous English actresses who have played the title role include Susannah Maria Cibber, who made her stage debut in the 1736 Drury Lane production, Sarah Siddons, and Elizabeth Younge. The first known professional performance of the play in the American Colonies was in Philadelphia on 26 December 1768, performed by the Hallam Company using the Aaron Hill version. The company took the play to New York City in 1769 and after the end of the Revolutionary War sporadically revived it there and in Philadelphia. The first professional performances after the hostilities ended were given in Baltimore in April 1782 by the Thomas Wall Company. Although the professional theatres were closed during the War, the play proved popular with the British Army. General Burgoyne, himself a playwright, produced Zara with military actors in British-occupied Boston in 1775 and four times in occupied New York between 1780 and 1781.\n Links: a. Susannah Maria Cibber b. Theatre Royal, Drury Lane c. New York City d. Susannah Maria Cibber", "pos": "Question: What was the name of the wife of François' former governor ancestor? Passage:François Paul Étienne Azéma (born 15 January 1778, and died 28 August 1851 in Saint-Denis, Réunion, on the island of Réunion) was a French poet, playwright, and writer of fables. He was a magistrate, delegated to the island by the Ministre de la Marine, and as a writer was well known for his play Médée. He was a descendant of Jean-Baptiste Azéma, a former governor of the island; he was the father of Georges Azéma, a historian, and Mazaé Azéma, a doctor. His grandson was the doctor Henri Azéma; other descendants include the poet Jean-Henri Azéma and the historian Jean-Pierre Azéma. He was made Chevalier of the Legion of Honour in 1850.\n Links: a. Jean-Baptiste Azéma b. Jean-Baptiste Azéma c. Réunion d. France", "neg": "Question: What is the birth date of the writer who translated Zaire into English? Passage:Zaïre was soon translated into English by Aaron Hill as Zara: A Tragedy. Following its successful run at London's Drury Lane Theatre in 1736, Zara became the most frequently staged English adaptation of a Voltaire play. Famous English actresses who have played the title role include Susannah Maria Cibber, who made her stage debut in the 1736 Drury Lane production, Sarah Siddons, and Elizabeth Younge. The first known professional performance of the play in the American Colonies was in Philadelphia on 26 December 1768, performed by the Hallam Company using the Aaron Hill version. The company took the play to New York City in 1769 and after the end of the Revolutionary War sporadically revived it there and in Philadelphia. The first professional performances after the hostilities ended were given in Baltimore in April 1782 by the Thomas Wall Company. Although the professional theatres were closed during the War, the play proved popular with the British Army. General Burgoyne, himself a playwright, produced Zara with military actors in British-occupied Boston in 1775 and four times in occupied New York between 1780 and 1781.\n Links: a. New York City b. Baltimore c. Sarah Siddons d. Aaron Hill (writer)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}122{"query": "Question: In which state did Fischell work full time in a lab for 25 years? Passage:Robert Fischell (born 1929) is a physicist, prolific inventor, and holder of more than 200 U.S. and foreign medical patents. His inventions have led to the creation of several biotechnology companies. He worked at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory full-time for 25 years, and part-time for an additional 13 years. He contributed to APL's satellite navigation work, and later developed a rechargeable implantable pacemaker that could be programmed with radiowaves, (Pacesetter Systems purchased by Siemens, now the CRM division of St. Jude Medical). He and his team at Hopkins also helped miniaturize the implantable cardiac defibrillator. Mr. Fischell went on to invent the implantable insulin pump (MiniMed, spun off from Pacesetter Systems in 1985), numerous coronary stents used to open clogged arteries (IsoStent merged with Cordis, in turn purchased by Johnson & Johnson), and two extraordinary feedback systems that provide early warning of epileptic seizures (NeuroPace) and heart attacks (Angel Medical Systems). Fischell recently donated $30 million to the University of Maryland College Park Foundation to establish a bioengineering department and an institute for biomedical devices at the A. James Clark School of Engineering.\n Links: a. Medtronic b. Applied Physics Laboratory c. Insulin pump d. Biotechnology", "pos": "Question: Which of Boyer's collaborators in 1977 completed their education first? Passage:Hebert Boyer was born in 1936 in Derry, corner of western Pennsylvania where railroads and mines were the destiny of most young men. He received his bachelor's degree in biology and chemistry from Saint Vincent College in Latrobe, Pennsylvania, in 1958. He married his wife Grace the following year. He received his PhD at the University of Pittsburgh in 1963 and participated as an activist in the civil rights movement. He spent three years in post-graduate work at Yale University in the laboratories of Professors Edward Adelberg and Bruce Carlton, then became an assistant professor at the University of California, San Francisco and a Professor of Biochemistry from 1976 to 1991, where he discovered that genes from bacteria could be combined with genes from eukaryotes. In 1977, Boyer's laboratory and collaborators Keiichi Itakura and Arthur Riggs at City of Hope National Medical Center described the first-ever synthesis and expression of a peptide-coding gene. In August 1978, he produced synthetic insulin using his new transgenic genetically modified bacteria, followed in 1979 by a growth hormone.\n Links: a. Derry, Pennsylvania b. Keiichi Itakura c. Keiichi Itakura d. Eukaryote", "neg": "Question: What profession did Fritz Haber work in the year Barschall received his Ph.D? Passage:Barschall was born as Heinrich Hermann Barschall in Berlin, Germany; his father was a patent attorney who had received a Ph.D. in chemistry after studying with Nobel Laureates Emil Fischer and Fritz Haber. After beginning study in several universities in Germany, he emigrated to the United States in 1937 during the early Holocaust period; though raised as a Lutheran, he had some Jewish ancestry. He received his Ph.D. from Princeton University in 1940 under the direction of Rudolf Ladenburg; he also worked closely with John A. Wheeler. After a suggestion by Niels Bohr, he carried out in only a few days with fellow graduate student Morton H. Kanner the first demonstration of fission by fast neutrons and thorium and uranium. His thesis was on the interaction of fast neutrons with helium. In a paper with John A. Wheeler he reported the discovery of spin-orbit coupling in neutron scattering.\n Links: a. Fritz Haber b. Emil Fischer c. The Holocaust d. Jews", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}123{"query": "Question: What was the name of Daniel Romalotti and Daisy Carter's child? Passage:Abby protested in front the lobby of Jabot Cosmetics after Tucker McCall became the company owner. Abby did not know that her mother returned to become CEO. Then, Abby planned to start her own reality television show, entitled \"The Naked Heiress\", but she didn't have the money to fund her dream. After her parents refused to help her, Abby hired Rafe Torres as her lawyer to sue her parents for her inheritance. Soon after, she began flirting with Daniel Romalotti. When Billy and Victoria Newman Abbott refused to help Abby with her reality television dream, she blackmailed Billy in order to be featured in his magazine, Restless Style. She eventually revealed Billy and Victoria's secret Jamaican marriage to their family and friends. Seemingly unstoppable, the judge then denied Abby's plea for her inheritance. Meanwhile, Abby had sex with Daniel in the Newman pool house, and she recorded it for her reality show. Abby and Daniel's relationship was outed when Nikki Newman and Daniel's mother, Phyllis Summers, saw Abby and Daniel making out in public. Their relationship continued for a while, but when Abby found out that Daniel fathered a child with Daisy Carter, she broke up with him. After she witnessed her mother kissing Tucker McCall, she asked him to go into business with her. When Tucker turned her down, Abby decided to take a bubble bath in Katherine Chancellor's pool at the annual Chancellor Fourth of July party. Abby's inheritance was then withheld indefinitely. To spite her parents, Abby rode a horse, while naked, inside the Genoa City Athletic Club while Victor and Nikki were celebrating their engagement. She was arrested and thrown in jail. Upon her release, Abby decided to reopen her lawsuit against Victor, with the help of her uncle Jack Abbott. Later, Abby's half-siblings Victoria and Nicholas Newman joined her in her lawsuit. Victor tried to bargain with his children, but they wanted his cosmetics line, Beauty of Nature. He refused their offer, and with the help of testimonies from their estranged half-brother Adam Newman and Neil Winters, they each received $500 million in the settlement.\n Links: a. Daniel Romalotti b. List of The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) c. Independence Day (United States) d. Independence Day (United States)", "pos": "Question: Who was Adam Newman's parents? Passage:Abby protested in front the lobby of Jabot Cosmetics after Tucker McCall became the company owner. Abby did not know that her mother returned to become CEO. Then, Abby planned to start her own reality television show, entitled \"The Naked Heiress\", but she didn't have the money to fund her dream. After her parents refused to help her, Abby hired Rafe Torres as her lawyer to sue her parents for her inheritance. Soon after, she began flirting with Daniel Romalotti. When Billy and Victoria Newman Abbott refused to help Abby with her reality television dream, she blackmailed Billy in order to be featured in his magazine, Restless Style. She eventually revealed Billy and Victoria's secret Jamaican marriage to their family and friends. Seemingly unstoppable, the judge then denied Abby's plea for her inheritance. Meanwhile, Abby had sex with Daniel in the Newman pool house, and she recorded it for her reality show. Abby and Daniel's relationship was outed when Nikki Newman and Daniel's mother, Phyllis Summers, saw Abby and Daniel making out in public. Their relationship continued for a while, but when Abby found out that Daniel fathered a child with Daisy Carter, she broke up with him. After she witnessed her mother kissing Tucker McCall, she asked him to go into business with her. When Tucker turned her down, Abby decided to take a bubble bath in Katherine Chancellor's pool at the annual Chancellor Fourth of July party. Abby's inheritance was then withheld indefinitely. To spite her parents, Abby rode a horse, while naked, inside the Genoa City Athletic Club while Victor and Nikki were celebrating their engagement. She was arrested and thrown in jail. Upon her release, Abby decided to reopen her lawsuit against Victor, with the help of her uncle Jack Abbott. Later, Abby's half-siblings Victoria and Nicholas Newman joined her in her lawsuit. Victor tried to bargain with his children, but they wanted his cosmetics line, Beauty of Nature. He refused their offer, and with the help of testimonies from their estranged half-brother Adam Newman and Neil Winters, they each received $500 million in the settlement.\n Links: a. Adam Newman b. Tucker McCall c. Tucker McCall d. Tucker McCall", "neg": "Question: What actor played Daniel Romalotti? Passage:Abby protested in front the lobby of Jabot Cosmetics after Tucker McCall became the company owner. Abby did not know that her mother returned to become CEO. Then, Abby planned to start her own reality television show, entitled \"The Naked Heiress\", but she didn't have the money to fund her dream. After her parents refused to help her, Abby hired Rafe Torres as her lawyer to sue her parents for her inheritance. Soon after, she began flirting with Daniel Romalotti. When Billy and Victoria Newman Abbott refused to help Abby with her reality television dream, she blackmailed Billy in order to be featured in his magazine, Restless Style. She eventually revealed Billy and Victoria's secret Jamaican marriage to their family and friends. Seemingly unstoppable, the judge then denied Abby's plea for her inheritance. Meanwhile, Abby had sex with Daniel in the Newman pool house, and she recorded it for her reality show. Abby and Daniel's relationship was outed when Nikki Newman and Daniel's mother, Phyllis Summers, saw Abby and Daniel making out in public. Their relationship continued for a while, but when Abby found out that Daniel fathered a child with Daisy Carter, she broke up with him. After she witnessed her mother kissing Tucker McCall, she asked him to go into business with her. When Tucker turned her down, Abby decided to take a bubble bath in Katherine Chancellor's pool at the annual Chancellor Fourth of July party. Abby's inheritance was then withheld indefinitely. To spite her parents, Abby rode a horse, while naked, inside the Genoa City Athletic Club while Victor and Nikki were celebrating their engagement. She was arrested and thrown in jail. Upon her release, Abby decided to reopen her lawsuit against Victor, with the help of her uncle Jack Abbott. Later, Abby's half-siblings Victoria and Nicholas Newman joined her in her lawsuit. Victor tried to bargain with his children, but they wanted his cosmetics line, Beauty of Nature. He refused their offer, and with the help of testimonies from their estranged half-brother Adam Newman and Neil Winters, they each received $500 million in the settlement.\n Links: a. Billy Abbott b. Billy Abbott c. Daniel Romalotti d. List of The Young and the Restless characters (2000s)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}124{"query": "Question: How large is the lake that the trail passes south of? Passage:Reports from the fur trappers who first entered the mountains and those following mention the trail through the pass as being in long term us by the Shoshone, Bannack, Arapaho, Gros Ventre, Flat Head or Bitterroot Salish, Nez Perce, Crow and others. The pass provide access into three river sheds. An east-west route ran from the east up the Wind River valley and provided a western route by the Gros Ventre or Hoback Rivers to the Valley of the Snake River in Jackson's Hole. To go south, the traveler would follow the Green River. The Union Pass Route was an extension of a North South Route up the Valley of the Yellowstone. Coming up the Valley of the Thoroughfare, west of the Absaroka Mountains and south of Yellowstone Lake, the trail followed the North Fork of the Yellowstone. Crossing over Two Ocean Pass, the trail split east and west around Terrace Mountain into the Wind River Valley at DuNoir. From Union Pass south bound travelers could use the Green River Valley to connect east through South Pass or west toward the Snake River.\n Links: a. Yellowstone Lake b. Gros Ventre c. Bitterroot Salish d. Bitterroot Salish", "pos": "Question: Which river that trappers assembled pack trains at the junction of is longer? Passage:The Bad Pass Trail, also known as the Sioux Trail, was established by Native Americans on the border of present-day Montana and Wyoming as a means of access from the Bighorn Basin in Wyoming to Bison-hunting grounds in the Grapevine Creek area of Montana. Marked by stone cairns, the trail led across Bad Pass and was established in pre-Columbian times. After Europeans arrived in the area it was frequented by fur trappers and mountain men, beginning in 1824. Trappers assembled pack trains at the junction of the Shoshone River and the Bighorn River, using the Bad Pass Trail to avoid Bighorn Canyon. The trail ended at the mouth of Grapevine Creek on the Bighorn, from which the pack train could float down the Bighorn on rafts to the Yellowstone River and then to the Missouri and on to St. Louis.\n Links: a. Shoshone River b. St. Louis c. Shoshone River d. Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area", "neg": "Question: How big is the National Park that the Yellowstone River flows northward through? Passage:The river rises in northwestern Wyoming in the Absaroka Range, on the Continental Divide in southwestern Park County. The river starts where the North Fork and the South Fork of the Yellowstone River converge. The North Fork, the larger of the two forks, flows from Younts Peak. The South Fork flows from the southern slopes of Thorofare Mountain. The Yellowstone River flows northward through Yellowstone National Park, feeding and draining Yellowstone Lake, then dropping over the Upper and Lower Yellowstone Falls at the head of the Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone within the confines of the park. After passing through the Black Canyon of the Yellowstone downstream of the Grand Canyon, the river flows northward into Montana between the northern Absaroka Range and the Gallatin Range in Paradise Valley. The river emerges from the mountains near the town of Livingston, where it turns eastward and northeastward, flowing across the northern Great Plains past the city of Billings.\n Links: a. Continental Divide of the Americas b. Yellowstone National Park c. Continental Divide of the Americas d. Continental Divide of the Americas", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}125{"query": "Question: Which CFL team that Chevon Walker was involved with during his football career was found first? Passage:Chevon Walker (born May 9, 1987 in Montego Bay, Jamaica) is a former professional Canadian football running back and kick returner for the Winnipeg Blue Bombers of the Canadian Football League. He played NCAA football for the Sioux Falls Cougars. He played two years of his career as a professional football player in the Canadian Football League for the Hamilton Tiger-Cats. In 2014, the Ottawa Redblacks selected him in the expansion draft. He started the 2015 season with the Ottawa Redblacks before he was released on August 28, 2015. On September 1, 2015, it was announced that Walker had signed with the Winnipeg Blue Bombers. Chevon Walker has over 1000 rushing yards and seven touchdowns in three years of professional play.\n Links: a. Sioux Falls Cougars b. Canadian Football League c. Hamilton Tiger-Cats d. Ottawa Redblacks", "pos": "Question: Where did Sheehan's team play their home games when he was playing for an indoor football team in the CIFL? Passage:Tyler Allen Sheehan is a former American football quarterback. Sheehan played collegiately at Bowling Green State University after a standout career at La Salle High School in Cincinnati, Ohio. After going undrafted in the 2010 NFL Draft, he signed with Houston Texans, where he was released after training camp. In 2011, he signed with the Cincinnati Commandos of the Continental Indoor Football League. Sheehan led the Commandos to a perfect 10-0 regular season, winning the league's MVP award. In the playoffs, Sheehan led the Commandos to the 2011 CIFL Championship Game, where they defeated the Marion Blue Racers 44-29. After the Commandos season ended, Sheehan signed with the Arizona Rattlers of the Arena Football League, but never appeared in a game. In 2012, Sheehan returned to the Commandos and led them to a 7-2 record, this time in the United Indoor Football League. The Commandos took the first place seed into the playoffs, and won Ultimate Bowl II 62-44 over the Florida Tarpons.\n Links: a. Houston Texans b. Cincinnati c. Cincinnati Commandos d. Cincinnati Commandos", "neg": "Question: Who is the owner of the last CFL team that Walker played for? Passage:Chevon Walker (born May 9, 1987 in Montego Bay, Jamaica) is a former professional Canadian football running back and kick returner for the Winnipeg Blue Bombers of the Canadian Football League. He played NCAA football for the Sioux Falls Cougars. He played two years of his career as a professional football player in the Canadian Football League for the Hamilton Tiger-Cats. In 2014, the Ottawa Redblacks selected him in the expansion draft. He started the 2015 season with the Ottawa Redblacks before he was released on August 28, 2015. On September 1, 2015, it was announced that Walker had signed with the Winnipeg Blue Bombers. Chevon Walker has over 1000 rushing yards and seven touchdowns in three years of professional play.\n Links: a. Winnipeg Blue Bombers b. Montego Bay c. Winnipeg Blue Bombers d. Hamilton Tiger-Cats", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}126{"query": "Question: How many teams has the player selected ahead of Løvenkrands for the fixture at St James' Park against Cardiff City played for? Passage:Løvenkrands found himself out of the team for the away draw with Leicester City and remained on the bench. New signing Leon Best was then selected ahead of Løvenkrands for the fixture at St James' Park against Cardiff City. Løvenkrands replaced Best after 60 minutes, and he went on to score the fourth and fifth goals of the game in an emphatic 5–1 win for Newcastle. He scored the winning goal for Newcastle in their last game of their successful season against Queens Park Rangers finishing off a successful season for both Løvenkrands and Newcastle. He did not start Newcastle's opening Premier League games, starting on the bench. He played alongside Shola Ameobi in a 3–2 away win against Accrington Stanley in the League Cup. He got his first goal of the season there, scoring the winner with a close range acrobatic volley. After a brief substitute appearance against Blackpool, he started in Newcastle's 4–3 away win against Chelsea, also in the League Cup. He scored the only goal in the 3–1 defeat to West Brom. With Carroll injured throughout January, Løvenkrands had a successful month, scoring once in a 5–0 win over West Ham and playing well a week earlier against Wigan Athletic. After the sale of Carroll to Liverpool in January, Løvenkrands gained more opportunities up front along with the likes of Leon Best and Nile Ranger. He rekindled his partnership with Best upon the injury of Ameobi in February, and Løvenkrands scored in a 2–0 victory over Birmingham City on 15 February. He continued as a regular striker until the end of the season as Best picked up an ankle injury. He ended his season by scoring in a 3–3 draw with West Bromwich Albion.\n Links: a. Cardiff City F.C. b. Blackpool F.C. c. Leon Best d. Blackpool F.C.", "pos": "Question: Who currently coaches the team that Løvenkrands found himself out of the team for the away draw ? Passage:Løvenkrands found himself out of the team for the away draw with Leicester City and remained on the bench. New signing Leon Best was then selected ahead of Løvenkrands for the fixture at St James' Park against Cardiff City. Løvenkrands replaced Best after 60 minutes, and he went on to score the fourth and fifth goals of the game in an emphatic 5–1 win for Newcastle. He scored the winning goal for Newcastle in their last game of their successful season against Queens Park Rangers finishing off a successful season for both Løvenkrands and Newcastle. He did not start Newcastle's opening Premier League games, starting on the bench. He played alongside Shola Ameobi in a 3–2 away win against Accrington Stanley in the League Cup. He got his first goal of the season there, scoring the winner with a close range acrobatic volley. After a brief substitute appearance against Blackpool, he started in Newcastle's 4–3 away win against Chelsea, also in the League Cup. He scored the only goal in the 3–1 defeat to West Brom. With Carroll injured throughout January, Løvenkrands had a successful month, scoring once in a 5–0 win over West Ham and playing well a week earlier against Wigan Athletic. After the sale of Carroll to Liverpool in January, Løvenkrands gained more opportunities up front along with the likes of Leon Best and Nile Ranger. He rekindled his partnership with Best upon the injury of Ameobi in February, and Løvenkrands scored in a 2–0 victory over Birmingham City on 15 February. He continued as a regular striker until the end of the season as Best picked up an ankle injury. He ended his season by scoring in a 3–3 draw with West Bromwich Albion.\n Links: a. Birmingham City F.C. b. Queens Park Rangers F.C. c. Leicester City F.C. d. Chelsea F.C.", "neg": "Question: From which county is the club against whom Harrison scored his fourth goal in as many games? Passage:Harrison signed for Stevenage in January 2011 on a free transfer and was handed the number 26 shirt. As part of the deal, Carshalton played host to Stevenage in a friendly in July 2011. Harrison played his first game for the club shortly after, starting in Stevenage's 1–0 away loss to Gillingham. He scored his first goal for Stevenage in the club's 3–0 home win against Rotherham United on 25 January 2011, scoring just three minutes after coming on as a substitute to give Stevenage a two-goal lead. A week later, in his next game, Harrison scored twice in Stevenage's 2–2 draw with Gillingham. Harrison scored his fourth goal in as many games in another 2–2 draw, scoring the first goal of the game against Accrington Stanley with a looping shot from outside the area. He scored his fifth goal for the club in Stevenage's 1–0 away win at Crewe Alexandra. The goal had initially been credited to Stevenage left back Scott Laird, but it was later announced that the ball had gone in off of Harrison's back. Harrison made it seven goals in eleven games after scoring two goals against Cheltenham Town on 26 February 2011. His eighth goal of the season came in the club's 2–2 home draw against Aldershot Town, with Harrison prodding Luke Foster's shot into the goal to earn Stevenage a point. Similarly to Harrison's goal against Crewe, the goal was originally given to another Stevenage player, this time Foster being credited with the goal, but the goal was officially given to Harrison a week later. Harrison finished the season as joint top goalscorer for Stevenage with eight goals in 23 appearances. This included three substitute appearances in the 2010–11 League Two play-offs following Stevenage's sixth-placed finish. After a 3–0 aggregate victory over Accrington Stanley, Stevenage earned promotion to League One courtesy of a 1–0 win against Torquay United at Old Trafford in the Final on 28 May 2011, with Harrison coming on as 62nd-minute substitute.\n Links: a. 2011 Football League Two play-off Final b. Scott Laird c. Gillingham F.C. d. Accrington Stanley F.C.", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}127{"query": "Question: Which act that randy Lewis compared the individual tracks to had sold the most records? Passage:The album has received generally positive reviews from critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 81, based on 13 reviews, which indicates \"generally favorable reviews\". MusicOMH's Max Raymond has praised the album as being \"engrossing\" due to the emotional depth of the lyrics as well as the warm and relaxed sound of the studio recording. Will Hermes of Rolling Stone gave the album a mixed review, praising the vocal harmonies. The diversity in sound was highlighted by AbsolutePunk's Gregory Robson, Jason Schneider of Exclaim! and The A.V. Club's Chris Martins, ranging from electric blues to psychedelia as well as the atypical lyrics from Guthrie—focusing on the city of Los Angeles rather than his communist-leaning politics and Dustbowl tragedy narratives. American Songwriters Evan Schlansky noted the same apolitical tone of the lyrics, but qualified that with Yames' delivery on \"My Revolutionary Mind\". He praised the album's diversity as a strength, allowing each vocalist an opportunity to display his unique talents. Writing for Los Angeles Times, Randy Lewis agrees that the songwriting diversity is a strength, comparing individual tracks with R.E.M., The Velvet Underground, Richard Thompson, and John Mellencamp. Graham Reid of The New Zealand Herald also notes similarities to R.E.M., fellow Guthrie admirer Bob Dylan, The Byrds, and Eagles. The PopMatters review by Jeff Strowe points out the blues influences in the album, adding to its emotional depth. About.com's Kim Ruehl has criticized the diversity and complexity of the album as contrary to the simplicity of Guthrie's actual recordings, concluding that \"If this weren't presented so staunchly as being at least part 'Woody Guthrie album,' it might be a little easier to swallow.\" Doug Collette of All About Jazz also reviewed the deluxe edition bonus disc, comparing it favorably to the proper album as well as the previous Farrar–Parker collaboration Gob Iron. The album topped American publication Billboard's Heatseekers.\n Links: a. The Velvet Underground b. R.E.M. c. Dotdash d. R.E.M.", "pos": "Question: How many albums did The White Stripes third album sell? Passage:After three singles, The White Stripes released their self-titled debut album in June 1999. Their second studio album, the well-received De Stijl, followed in June 2000. The band's third studio album, White Blood Cells, became their breakthrough album, receiving much acclaim while pushing the band to the forefront of alternative rock. They later signed to V2 Records and released their fourth studio album Elephant in April 2003. The album was a commercial success, peaking at number six on the US Billboard 200 and reaching the top ten in multiple other countries. Elephant has been certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). The album spawned the single \"Seven Nation Army\", which topped the US Billboard Alternative Songs chart and became the group's first appearance on the US Billboard Hot 100, where it peaked at number 76.\n Links: a. De Stijl (album) b. White Blood Cells (album) c. Alternative Songs d. Billboard 200", "neg": "Question: Did the singer he recorded two songs from sell more or less records in their lifetime than the one he covered I Just Want To Make Love To You did? Passage:A mixture of songs that inspired his own musical development, together with some of his own compositions, allied to a backing band and orchestra (The Caledonia Soul Orchestra) and several performances (as noted in the album's liner notes) that were recorded in concerts at The Troubadour in Los Angeles, California (24–27 May 1973), the Santa Monica Civic Auditorium (29 June 1973) and The Rainbow (23–24 July 1973) in London. These performance result in what Myles Palmer of the Times reviewed as demolishing \"all barriers between the soul, blues, jazz and rock genres\". The songs chosen went back to his days with Them with versions of \"Gloria\" and \"Here Comes the Night\". His first solo hit \"Brown Eyed Girl\" was performed but not included on the album until the reissue in 2008. M. Mark called the album \"an intelligent selection of songs that draws on six of Morrison's records and five of the musicians he learned from.\" These musicians were Bobby Bland (\"Ain't Nothing You Can Do\"), Ray Charles (\"I Believe to My Soul\"), Sam Cooke (\"Bring It On Home to Me\"), two songs by Sonny Boy Williamson II (\"Help Me\" and \"Take Your Hands Out of My Pocket\") and a cover of a Willie Dixon song, \"I Just Want to Make Love to You\", which was popularized by Muddy Waters.\n Links: a. Sonny Boy Williamson II b. Rainbow Theatre c. Ray Charles d. Sonny Boy Williamson II", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}128{"query": "Question: How old was Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo when elected president? Passage:During the process of electing Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo as Spain's new president in February 1981, Civil Guards and army members broke into the Congress of Deputies and held all deputies at gunpoint. One of the reasons that led to the coup d'état was the increase of ETA's violence. The coup failed after the King called for the military powers to obey the Constitution. Days after the coup, ETA's faction politiko-militarra started its disbanding, with most of its members joining Euskadiko Ezkerra, a leftist nationalist party away from the Abertzale left. General elections were held in 1982, and Felipe González, from the Socialist Workers' Party became the new president, while Herri Batasuna won two seats. In the Basque Country, Carlos Garaikoetxea from the PNV became lehendakari in 1979. During those years, hundreds of members of Herri Batasuna were arrested, especially after some of them sang the Eusko Gudariak in front of Juan Carlos I.\n Links: a. 1981 Spanish coup d'état attempt b. Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo c. 1981 Spanish coup d'état attempt d. Lehendakari", "pos": "Question: How old was Napoleon Bonaparte at the time of the invasion of the Iberian Peninsula? Passage:The invasion of the Iberian Peninsula in 1807-08 by Napoleon Bonaparte's forces proved to be critical for the independence struggle in South America, during which the local elites of Upper Peru remained mostly loyal to Spain, supporting Junta Central, a government which ruled in the name of the overthrown king Ferdinand VII of Spain. A number of radical criollos in 1808-10 began a local power struggle. Pedro Domingo Murillo proclaimed an independent state in Upper Peru in the name of king Ferdinand VII. During the following seven years Upper Peru became the battleground between the armed forces of independent United Provinces of the Rio de la Plata and royalist troops from Viceroyalty of Peru.\n Links: a. Criollo people b. Napoleon c. Iberian Peninsula d. Spanish American wars of independence", "neg": "Question: How long did Franco rule Spain as dictator? Passage:The 1977 Atocha massacre, a part of neo-fascist terrorism in Spain, was an attack during the Spanish transition to democracy after the death of Franco in 1975, killing five and injuring four. It was committed on January 24, 1977, in an office located on 55 Atocha Street near the Atocha railway station in Madrid, where specialists in labour law, members of the Workers' Commissions (Comisiones Obreras, CCOO) trade union, and of the then-clandestine Communist Party of Spain (PCE) had gathered. The next day, the massacre was defended by a group calling itself Alianza Apostólica Anticomunista (literally Apostolic Anticommunist Alliance, abbreviated Triple A or AAA). The suspects arrested were close to Blas Piñar's Fuerza Nueva far-right party, the Falange-JONS and the Franco Guard. The indignation brought about by the killings accelerated the legalisation of the Communist party, which took place in Easter 1977. On March 24, 1984, the Italian daily Il Messaggero stated that, possibly, Italian neo-fascists had taken part in the shootings, pointing toward some kind of \"Black International\". This allegation was confirmed by a report from the Italian CESIS, which confirmed that Carlo Cicuttini, who was also involved in the Peteano massacre, took part in the Atocha massacre.\n Links: a. Francisco Franco b. CESIS c. Workers' Commissions d. Falange Española de las JONS (1976)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}129{"query": "Question: How old was Bartolome de las Casas during his second Guatemala visit? Passage:On his second visit to Guatemala, in 1537, friar Bartolome de las Casas, O.P. wanted to employ his new method of conversion based on two principles: 1) to preach the Gospel to all men and treat them as equals, and 2) to assert that conversion must be voluntary and based on knowledge and understanding of the Faith. It was important for Las Casas that this method be tested without meddling from secular colonists, so he chose a territory in the heart of Guatemala where there were no previous colonies and where the natives were considered fierce and war-like. Because of the fact that the land had not been possible to conquer by military means, the governor of Guatemala, Alonso de Maldonado, agreed to sign a contract promising that if the venture was successful he would not establish any new encomiendas in the area. Las Casas's group of friars established a Dominican presence in Rabinal, Sacapulas and Cobán, reaching as far as Chahal and including Cubulco. Through the efforts of Las Casas' missionaries the so-called \"Land of War\" came to be called \"Verapaz\", \"True Peace\". Las Casas's strategy was to teach Christian songs to merchant Indian Christians who then ventured into the area. In this way he was successful in converting several native chiefs, among them those of Atitlán and Chichicastenango, and in building several churches in the territory named Alta Verapaz. These congregated a group of Christian Indians in the location of what is now the town of Rabinal. In 1538 Las Casas was recalled from his mission by Bishop Francisco Marroquin who wanted him to go to Mexico and then on to Spain in order to seek more Dominicans to assist in the mission.\n Links: a. Bartolomé de las Casas b. Spain c. Bartolomé de las Casas d. Sacapulas", "pos": "Question: How old was Bishop Francisco Marroquin when he recalled Bartolome de las Casas? Passage:On his second visit to Guatemala, in 1537, friar Bartolome de las Casas, O.P. wanted to employ his new method of conversion based on two principles: 1) to preach the Gospel to all men and treat them as equals, and 2) to assert that conversion must be voluntary and based on knowledge and understanding of the Faith. It was important for Las Casas that this method be tested without meddling from secular colonists, so he chose a territory in the heart of Guatemala where there were no previous colonies and where the natives were considered fierce and war-like. Because of the fact that the land had not been possible to conquer by military means, the governor of Guatemala, Alonso de Maldonado, agreed to sign a contract promising that if the venture was successful he would not establish any new encomiendas in the area. Las Casas's group of friars established a Dominican presence in Rabinal, Sacapulas and Cobán, reaching as far as Chahal and including Cubulco. Through the efforts of Las Casas' missionaries the so-called \"Land of War\" came to be called \"Verapaz\", \"True Peace\". Las Casas's strategy was to teach Christian songs to merchant Indian Christians who then ventured into the area. In this way he was successful in converting several native chiefs, among them those of Atitlán and Chichicastenango, and in building several churches in the territory named Alta Verapaz. These congregated a group of Christian Indians in the location of what is now the town of Rabinal. In 1538 Las Casas was recalled from his mission by Bishop Francisco Marroquin who wanted him to go to Mexico and then on to Spain in order to seek more Dominicans to assist in the mission.\n Links: a. Francisco Marroquín b. Rabinal c. Rabinal d. Dominican Order", "neg": "Question: How old was Bartolome de las Casas when he was recalled from his mission? Passage:On his second visit to Guatemala, in 1537, friar Bartolome de las Casas, O.P. wanted to employ his new method of conversion based on two principles: 1) to preach the Gospel to all men and treat them as equals, and 2) to assert that conversion must be voluntary and based on knowledge and understanding of the Faith. It was important for Las Casas that this method be tested without meddling from secular colonists, so he chose a territory in the heart of Guatemala where there were no previous colonies and where the natives were considered fierce and war-like. Because of the fact that the land had not been possible to conquer by military means, the governor of Guatemala, Alonso de Maldonado, agreed to sign a contract promising that if the venture was successful he would not establish any new encomiendas in the area. Las Casas's group of friars established a Dominican presence in Rabinal, Sacapulas and Cobán, reaching as far as Chahal and including Cubulco. Through the efforts of Las Casas' missionaries the so-called \"Land of War\" came to be called \"Verapaz\", \"True Peace\". Las Casas's strategy was to teach Christian songs to merchant Indian Christians who then ventured into the area. In this way he was successful in converting several native chiefs, among them those of Atitlán and Chichicastenango, and in building several churches in the territory named Alta Verapaz. These congregated a group of Christian Indians in the location of what is now the town of Rabinal. In 1538 Las Casas was recalled from his mission by Bishop Francisco Marroquin who wanted him to go to Mexico and then on to Spain in order to seek more Dominicans to assist in the mission.\n Links: a. Alta Verapaz Department b. Bartolomé de las Casas c. Rabinal d. Cobán", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}130{"query": "Question: Who came second behind Diminuendo at The Oaks? Passage:In 1988 Melodist was ridden in all four of her races by Walter Swinburn. She did not run as a three-year-old until 22 May when she was sent to Italy for the Oaks d'Italia over 2400 metres on soft ground at the San Siro racecourse in Milan. The finish of the race was dominated by overseas challengers as Melodist won by one and a half lengths from her fellow British raider Asl (previously second in the Musidora Stakes) with the French-trained Summer Trip a neck away in third. On 9 July Melodist was one of nine runners to contest the Irish Oaks over one and a half miles at the Curragh and started at odds of 11/1. The 2/9 favourite for the race was Diminuendo, ridden by Steve Cauthen, who had won The Oaks by four lengths. Both Melodist and Diminuendo were owned by Sheikh Mohammed and based at Newmarket, but whereas Melodist was trained by Stoute, the favourite was trained by Henry Cecil at Warren Place. The other fancied runners were Dancing Goddess (second in the Irish 1000 Guineas), Miss Boniface (Ribblesdale Stakes) and Silver Lane (Prix de la Grotte). Melodist tracked the leaders before overtaking Miss Boniface before going to the front a furlong and a half from the finish. She faced a strong late challenge from Diminuendo and after a sustained struggle the two fillies crossed the line together with the judge declaring a dead heat.\n Links: a. Diminuendo (horse) b. Walter Swinburn c. Irish 1,000 Guineas d. Musidora Stakes", "pos": "Question: Of the other main contenders, who was the oldest? Passage:Assert was then matched against older horses for the first time in Britain's most prestigious weight-for-age race, the King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes over one and a half miles at Ascot Racecourse on 24 July. He started the 10/11 favourite ahead of his half-brother Bikala who had beaten a strong field in the Prix Ganay on his previous start. The other main contenders were Kalaglow, Height of Fashion and Glint of Gold. Assert went past Bikala on the turn into the straight and held off a strong challenge from Glint of Gold, but was caught inside the final furlong and beaten a neck by Kalaglow. On 17 August Assert was ridden by Pat Eddery in the eleventh running of the Benson and Hedges Gold Cup over ten and a half furlongs at York Racecourse. Starting the 4/5 favourite against six British-trained opponents, he took the lead from the start and pulled clear in the straight vo win easily by six lengths from Norwick. A month later, Assert started the 1/4 favourite for the Joe McGrath Memorial Stakes over ten furlongs. With Roche back in the saddle, he went eight lengths clear in the straight before being eased down to win by three lengths from Kind of Hush. Timeform described the race as being \"little more than an exercise gallop\" for the winner. On 3 October, Assert started 5/2 favourite for the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe on very soft ground at Longchamp Racecourse. He was well-positioned turning into the straight but dropped away in the closing stage and finished eleventh of the seventeen runners behind Akiyda.\n Links: a. Kalaglow b. Pat Eddery c. Akiyda d. International Stakes", "neg": "Question: Who was the jockey for Recitation in the July Stakes at Newmarket Racecourse? Passage:After finishing third over five furlongs on his racecourse debut, Recitation won a maiden race over the same distance at Newbury Racecourse, beating I'll See You by half a length. The colt was then moved up sharply in class for the Group Three Coventry Stakes over six furlongs at Royal Ascot in June in which he was ridden by Greville Starkey and started at odds of 11/1. In a performance which Timeform described as \"a revelation\", Recitation took the lead a quarter mile from the finish and drew clear of the field to win easily by five lengths from Motavato, Bel Bolide and Another Realm. The form of the race was subsequently boosted when the third and fourth placed horses won the Gimcrack Stakes and the Richmond Stakes respectively. In the July Stakes at Newmarket Racecourse Recitation started 2/5 favourite against two opponents, but was beaten two and a half lengths by Age Quod Agis.\n Links: a. Greville Starkey b. July Stakes c. July Stakes d. Coventry Stakes", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}131{"query": "Question: Have either of the women who were nominated for the same award Kelly was in 1993 released any new music in the past two years? Passage:MCA embarked on a big marketing campaign to tout Willis after she recorded her first album on the label, the 1990 album Well Travelled Love. MCA ensured that Willis was interviewed by several national magazines including unusual venues like Vogue and Mademoiselle. Her voice appeared in the 1991 Ridley Scott-produced movie Thelma and Louise, singing \"Little Honey.\" Willis also had a small part in Tim Robbins’ 1992 film Bob Roberts. Willis appears as the young woman standing in a shallow stream in Dwight Yoakam's video of \"A Thousand Miles from Nowhere,\" as well as a member of Vince Gill's \"pickup band\" in his Don't Let Our Love Start Slippin' Away video. She was also nominated for Top New Female Vocalist of the year at the 1993 ACM Awards along with Faith Hill and Lari White (Hill wound up winning the award). Despite of all the publicity and positive reviews from most reviewers, Well Travelled Love and Willis’s subsequent albums for MCA (Bang Bang in 1991 and Kelly Willis in 1993) sold modestly and received very little radio play. During this time, Willis felt uncomfortable with the way she was marketed by MCA. In 1994, MCA released Willis from her contract.\n Links: a. Thelma & Louise b. Faith Hill c. Bang Bang (Kelly Willis album) d. Lari White", "pos": "Question: Where was the person who featured Kelly in his video \"A Thousand Miles from Nowhere\" born? Passage:MCA embarked on a big marketing campaign to tout Willis after she recorded her first album on the label, the 1990 album Well Travelled Love. MCA ensured that Willis was interviewed by several national magazines including unusual venues like Vogue and Mademoiselle. Her voice appeared in the 1991 Ridley Scott-produced movie Thelma and Louise, singing \"Little Honey.\" Willis also had a small part in Tim Robbins’ 1992 film Bob Roberts. Willis appears as the young woman standing in a shallow stream in Dwight Yoakam's video of \"A Thousand Miles from Nowhere,\" as well as a member of Vince Gill's \"pickup band\" in his Don't Let Our Love Start Slippin' Away video. She was also nominated for Top New Female Vocalist of the year at the 1993 ACM Awards along with Faith Hill and Lari White (Hill wound up winning the award). Despite of all the publicity and positive reviews from most reviewers, Well Travelled Love and Willis’s subsequent albums for MCA (Bang Bang in 1991 and Kelly Willis in 1993) sold modestly and received very little radio play. During this time, Willis felt uncomfortable with the way she was marketed by MCA. In 1994, MCA released Willis from her contract.\n Links: a. Vince Gill b. Dwight Yoakam c. Thelma & Louise d. Bang Bang (Kelly Willis album)", "neg": "Question: Who directed the movie that was produced by Ridley Scott? Passage:MCA embarked on a big marketing campaign to tout Willis after she recorded her first album on the label, the 1990 album Well Travelled Love. MCA ensured that Willis was interviewed by several national magazines including unusual venues like Vogue and Mademoiselle. Her voice appeared in the 1991 Ridley Scott-produced movie Thelma and Louise, singing \"Little Honey.\" Willis also had a small part in Tim Robbins’ 1992 film Bob Roberts. Willis appears as the young woman standing in a shallow stream in Dwight Yoakam's video of \"A Thousand Miles from Nowhere,\" as well as a member of Vince Gill's \"pickup band\" in his Don't Let Our Love Start Slippin' Away video. She was also nominated for Top New Female Vocalist of the year at the 1993 ACM Awards along with Faith Hill and Lari White (Hill wound up winning the award). Despite of all the publicity and positive reviews from most reviewers, Well Travelled Love and Willis’s subsequent albums for MCA (Bang Bang in 1991 and Kelly Willis in 1993) sold modestly and received very little radio play. During this time, Willis felt uncomfortable with the way she was marketed by MCA. In 1994, MCA released Willis from her contract.\n Links: a. Faith Hill b. Dwight Yoakam c. Thelma & Louise d. Vogue (magazine)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}132{"query": "Question: Which of the Leagues in Ireland has the most teams? Passage:University College Dublin A.F.C. was founded in 1895 as the Catholic University Medical School Football Club. They began playing regular games the following year. A First XI played College games against other Universities and a Second XI entered outside competitions. The club was founder members of the Leinster Junior League in 1896 and reached the semi-finals of the Leinster Senior Cup in 1897. The club became University College Dublin when the new University annexed the Medical school in 1908. UCD won the inaugural Intervarsities competition, the Collingwood Cup, in 1914 and added the Irish Intermediate Cup the following year beating Portadown 2–1 in a replayed final. When the Irish Free State was formed in 1921 and the new Football Association of Ireland was formed, UCD participated in the Preliminary round against fellow non-League team Shamrock Rovers in November 1921. The game took place in Windy Arbour and the Hoops won 6–2. UCD were invited to join the League of Ireland in 1922, but had to turn it down on the basis of not being able to field a team in the League of Ireland Shield in September as the Academic year didn't commence until October. In 1945 they won the FAI Intermediate Cup when UCD beat fellow future League of Ireland members Cobh Ramblers 4–2 in the final. UCD appeared in the FAI Cup in the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s, their final appearance as a non-League outfit coming in 1957 when Cork Athletic beat UCD 4–2 in the Mardyke.\n Links: a. Windy Arbour b. FAI Cup c. League of Ireland d. League of Ireland", "pos": "Question: What is the population of the city that the University of Notre Dame is located in? Passage:This is a list of Notre Dame Fighting Irish football head coaches. The Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team is the football team of the University of Notre Dame, located in South Bend, Indiana, United States. The team competes as an Independent at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision level. Notre Dame has produced more All-Americans than any other Football Bowl Subdivision school. Additionally, seven Fighting Irish football players have won the Heisman Trophy. Notre Dame is one of only two Catholic universities that field a team in the Football Bowl Subdivision, the other being Boston College, and one of a handful of programs independent of a football conference. The team plays its home games on Notre Dame's campus at Notre Dame Stadium, also known as the \"House that Rockne Built\", which has a capacity of 80,795. The head coach is Brian Kelly.\n Links: a. Notre Dame Stadium b. Boston College c. South Bend, Indiana d. Notre Dame Fighting Irish", "neg": "Question: Of the three cups University College Dublin competed in, which cup was established first? Passage:University College Dublin A.F.C. was founded in 1895 as the Catholic University Medical School Football Club. They began playing regular games the following year. A First XI played College games against other Universities and a Second XI entered outside competitions. The club was founder members of the Leinster Junior League in 1896 and reached the semi-finals of the Leinster Senior Cup in 1897. The club became University College Dublin when the new University annexed the Medical school in 1908. UCD won the inaugural Intervarsities competition, the Collingwood Cup, in 1914 and added the Irish Intermediate Cup the following year beating Portadown 2–1 in a replayed final. When the Irish Free State was formed in 1921 and the new Football Association of Ireland was formed, UCD participated in the Preliminary round against fellow non-League team Shamrock Rovers in November 1921. The game took place in Windy Arbour and the Hoops won 6–2. UCD were invited to join the League of Ireland in 1922, but had to turn it down on the basis of not being able to field a team in the League of Ireland Shield in September as the Academic year didn't commence until October. In 1945 they won the FAI Intermediate Cup when UCD beat fellow future League of Ireland members Cobh Ramblers 4–2 in the final. UCD appeared in the FAI Cup in the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s, their final appearance as a non-League outfit coming in 1957 when Cork Athletic beat UCD 4–2 in the Mardyke.\n Links: a. League of Ireland b. FAI Cup c. Irish Intermediate Cup d. Leinster Senior Cup (association football)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}133{"query": "Question: Of the two major companies that manufactured tunnel diodes in the late 1950s and early 1960s, which one was founded later? Passage:A tunnel diode or Esaki diode is a type of semiconductor diode that has negative resistance due to the quantum mechanical effect called tunneling. It was invented in August 1957 by Leo Esaki, Yuriko Kurose, and Takashi Suzuki when they were working at Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo, now known as Sony. In 1973, Esaki received the Nobel Prize in Physics, jointly with Brian Josephson, for discovering the electron tunneling effect used in these diodes. Robert Noyce independently devised the idea of a tunnel diode while working for William Shockley, but was discouraged from pursuing it. Tunnel diodes were first manufactured by Sony in 1957, followed by General Electric and other companies from about 1960, and are still made in low volume today.\n Links: a. Nobel Prize in Physics b. Quantum mechanics c. Nobel Prize in Physics d. General Electric", "pos": "Question: What country was Bell located in? Passage:The piezoelectric properties of quartz were discovered by Jacques and Pierre Curie in 1880. The first quartz crystal oscillator was built by Walter G. Cady in 1921. In 1923, D. W. Dye at the National Physical Laboratory in the UK and Warren Marrison at Bell Telephone Laboratories produced sequences of precision time signals with quartz oscillators. In 1927, the first quartz clock was built by Warren Marrison and J. W. Horton at Bell Telephone Laboratories. The next 3 decades saw the development of quartz clocks as precision time standards in laboratory settings; the bulky delicate counting electronics, built with vacuum tubes, limited their use elsewhere. In 1932 a quartz clock was able to measure tiny variations in the rotation rate of the Earth over periods as short as a few weeks. In Japan in 1932, Issac Koga developed a crystal cut that gave an oscillation frequency with greatly reduced temperature dependence. The National Bureau of Standards (now NIST) based the time standard of the US on quartz clocks between the 1930s and the 1960s, after which it transitioned to atomic clocks. The wider use of quartz clock technology had to await the development of cheap semiconductor digital logic in the 1960s. The revised 14th edition of Encyclopædia Britannica stated that quartz clocks would probably never be affordable enough to be used domestically.\n Links: a. Paul-Jacques Curie b. Paul-Jacques Curie c. Paul-Jacques Curie d. Bell Labs", "neg": "Question: When did Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo change its name? Passage:A tunnel diode or Esaki diode is a type of semiconductor diode that has negative resistance due to the quantum mechanical effect called tunneling. It was invented in August 1957 by Leo Esaki, Yuriko Kurose, and Takashi Suzuki when they were working at Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo, now known as Sony. In 1973, Esaki received the Nobel Prize in Physics, jointly with Brian Josephson, for discovering the electron tunneling effect used in these diodes. Robert Noyce independently devised the idea of a tunnel diode while working for William Shockley, but was discouraged from pursuing it. Tunnel diodes were first manufactured by Sony in 1957, followed by General Electric and other companies from about 1960, and are still made in low volume today.\n Links: a. Sony b. William Shockley c. Nobel Prize in Physics d. William Shockley", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}134{"query": "Question: What was the document that made India an officially secular nation ratified? Passage:India's present syncretic culture is reflected in the fused Hindu-muslim spiritual connotations, forms, symbols, aesthetics, crafts and weaves, for example Kashmiri muslim carpet makers feature Durga in their patterns, muslim sculptors making idols of Durga, and Hindu craftsmen create the Muharram tazia. This religious syncretism is a fusion of Hindu cultural elements with Muslim religious elements. It is based on the vasudhaiva kutumbakam, unity in diversity, multi-communitarianism and ganga-jamuni tehzeeb, It is born out of centuries of interfaith exchange and accommodation among Indian origin religions (Hindu, Buddhist, Jain, Sikh) and foreign origin religions (Muslim and Christian) where communities preserve own cultural and religious identities while facilitating the shared celebration of festivals, customs and traditions. In this syncretic culture, the shared Indian national identity is separated from the personal religious identity, and the nation and common social good comes first above the personal religion. Despite the partition of India, and resulting creation of Pakistan based on the concept of separate islamic nation for domination of muslims, this composite multiculturalism is integral to the present society of India. India is officially a secular nation, a concept legalised in the constitution of India. Contrastingly, constitution of Pakistan has Islam as its state religion, teaching of quran and islamiyat is compulsary,Constitution of Pakistan: Constitution of Pakistan, 1973 – Article: 31 Islamic way of life, Article 31 No. 2, 1973, Retrieved 22 August 2018. only muslims can become Prime Minister or President of Pakistan and nonmuslims are not given equal rights, Ahmadia muslims having equal constitutional rights in India are legally persecuted in Pakistan and constitutionally banned from calling themselves Muslims.\n Links: a. Ahmadiyya in Pakistan b. Ahmadiyya in Pakistan c. Bhakti movement d. Constitution of India", "pos": "Question: What is one key difference between the Indus Valley civilization and early Vedic civilizations? Passage:The book discusses four prehistoric migrations in India. The book mentions that the Harappans were a mixture of Zagros agriculturists and First Indians, a wave of migrants who came from Africa into Arabia and then reached India around 65,000 years ago. Citing recent DNA evidence, the book traces the subsequent large migrations of anatomically modern humans into India—of agriculturalists from Iran between 7000 and 3000 BCE and Indo-European languages speaking pastoralists from the Central Asian Steppe (Aryans) between 2000 and 1000 BCE, among others. Tony Joseph used pizza as a metaphor to explain the break-up of subcontinental society. The book also discusses about similarities and differences between Indus Valley civilization and early Vedic civilization. The book mentions that ‘Aryan’ culture was most likely the result of interaction, adoption and adaptation among those who brought Indo-European languages to India and those who were already well-settled inhabitants of the region, and that Sanskrit and Vedas developed in the Indian subcontinent. Various tribes like the Andamanese and the Semang (Malay Peninsula), the Mani (Thailand) and the Aeta people (the Philippines) were the earliest inhabitants of Southeast Asia. According to Joseph, Proto-Dravidian is related to the Elamitic language of Iran. Caste system in India is a recent social system, reflected in sharply reduced inter-marriage (endogamy) and genetic mixing after 100 AD. This book also takes into account the path-breaking DNA research and findings from geneticist David Reich's research.\n Links: a. Caste system in India b. Sanskrit c. David Reich (geneticist) d. Indus Valley Civilisation", "neg": "Question: When was the document in India that empowers the governor to act upon his or her own discretion written? Passage:In the Republic of India, a governor is the constitutional head of each of the twenty-eight states. The governor is appointed by the President of India for a term of five years, and holds office at the President's pleasure. The governor is de jure head of the state government; all its executive actions are taken in the governor's name. However, the governor must act on the advice of the popularly elected council of ministers, headed by the chief minister, which thus holds de facto executive authority at the state-level. The Constitution of India also empowers the governor to act upon his or her own discretion, such as the ability to appoint or dismiss a ministry, recommend President's rule, or reserve bills for the President's assent. Over the years, the exercise of these discretionary powers have given rise to conflict between the elected chief minister and the union government–appointed governor.\n Links: a. Constitution of India b. India c. India d. President's rule", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}135{"query": "Question: On what date did Rockin' Red Wing hit no. 64 on the Billboard Hot 100? Passage:In 1954, he returned to California and signed with 4-Star Publishing as a songwriter and demo tape recorder. Patsy Cline recorded his \"Turn the Cards Slowly\" for a minor hit. Interested in furthering his chances at a successful career in rockabilly, Masters recorded \"Pink Cadillac\" and \"Whop-T-Bop\" with guitarist Jimmy Bryant and released them on 4-Star in 1956, but neither sold well. Follow-ups \"Angel\" and \"Jodie\" were no more successful, even after Masters's touring schedule and television appearances on The Jack Benny Show and Town Hall Party. His contract with 4-Star ended in 1957, and he wrote for American Music for a few years. \"Rockin' Red Wing\" was issued on Warner Bros. Records in September 1959 before signing with Lode Records in 1960. Lode re-issued \"Rockin' Red Wing\" in January that year, which became a regional hit in Los Angeles and eventually reached No. 64 on the Billboard Hot 100. It gave Masters his only appearance in the UK Singles Chart when it peaked at No. 36 in June 1960. His next single, \"Golden Slippers\", was released nationally by Dot Records, but it was not a success, and neither was \"Pierre the Poodle\", his last release before losing his recording contract.\n Links: a. Pink Cadillac (song) b. The Jack Benny Program c. Billboard d. Recording contract", "pos": "Question: How many weeks did Jackson's debut single stay on the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart? Passage:The singles discography of Wanda Jackson, an American recording artist, consists of seventy-eight singles, nine international singles, one charting b-side, and three music videos. In 1954 at age sixteen, she signed as a country artist with Decca Records. Her debut single was a duet recording with Billy Gray which reached the eighth spot on the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart, also in 1954. Refusing to tour until completing high school, Jackson's further singles for Decca failed gaining success. She signed with Capitol Records in 1956 and began incorporating rock and roll into her musical style. Jackson's first Capitol single exemplified this format (\"I Gotta Know\") and became a national top-twenty country hit. Follow-up rock singles between 1957 and 1959 failed gaining enough attention to become hits including, \"Hot Dog! That Made Him Mad\", \"Fujiyama Mama\", and \"Honey Bop\". In 1960 however, the rock and roll-themed, \"Let's Have a Party\", became Jackson's first Billboard top-forty pop hit after it was picked up by an Iowa disc jockey.\n Links: a. Let's Have a Party b. Wanda Jackson c. You Can't Have My Love d. I Gotta Know (Wanda Jackson song)", "neg": "Question: On what date did Sammy Masters appear on The Jack Benny Show? Passage:In 1954, he returned to California and signed with 4-Star Publishing as a songwriter and demo tape recorder. Patsy Cline recorded his \"Turn the Cards Slowly\" for a minor hit. Interested in furthering his chances at a successful career in rockabilly, Masters recorded \"Pink Cadillac\" and \"Whop-T-Bop\" with guitarist Jimmy Bryant and released them on 4-Star in 1956, but neither sold well. Follow-ups \"Angel\" and \"Jodie\" were no more successful, even after Masters's touring schedule and television appearances on The Jack Benny Show and Town Hall Party. His contract with 4-Star ended in 1957, and he wrote for American Music for a few years. \"Rockin' Red Wing\" was issued on Warner Bros. Records in September 1959 before signing with Lode Records in 1960. Lode re-issued \"Rockin' Red Wing\" in January that year, which became a regional hit in Los Angeles and eventually reached No. 64 on the Billboard Hot 100. It gave Masters his only appearance in the UK Singles Chart when it peaked at No. 36 in June 1960. His next single, \"Golden Slippers\", was released nationally by Dot Records, but it was not a success, and neither was \"Pierre the Poodle\", his last release before losing his recording contract.\n Links: a. Television b. Billboard Hot 100 c. Town Hall Party d. The Jack Benny Program", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}136{"query": "Question: Who was the leader of Hungary during the Hungarian Revolution of 1848? Passage:The last meetings had revealed the rising antagonism with Britain and France, especially on Italian unification, the right to self-determination and the Eastern Question. The Alliance is conventionally taken to have become defunct with Alexander's death in 1825. France ultimately went her separate way after the July Revolution of 1830, leaving the core of Russia, Austria and Prussia as Central-Eastern European block which once again congregated to suppress the Revolutions of 1848. The Austro-Russian alliance finally broke up in the Crimean War: though Russia had helped to completely destroy the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, Austria did not take any action to support her ally, declared herself neutral and even occupied the Wallachian and Moldavian lands on the Danube upon the Russian retreat in 1854. Thereafter, Austria remained isolated, which added to the loss of her leading role in the German lands, culminating in the defeat of the Austro-Prussian War in 1866.\n Links: a. Eastern Europe b. Hungarian Revolution of 1848 c. Danube d. Wallachia", "pos": "Question: How long did the Austro-Prussian War last? Passage:The last meetings had revealed the rising antagonism with Britain and France, especially on Italian unification, the right to self-determination and the Eastern Question. The Alliance is conventionally taken to have become defunct with Alexander's death in 1825. France ultimately went her separate way after the July Revolution of 1830, leaving the core of Russia, Austria and Prussia as Central-Eastern European block which once again congregated to suppress the Revolutions of 1848. The Austro-Russian alliance finally broke up in the Crimean War: though Russia had helped to completely destroy the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, Austria did not take any action to support her ally, declared herself neutral and even occupied the Wallachian and Moldavian lands on the Danube upon the Russian retreat in 1854. Thereafter, Austria remained isolated, which added to the loss of her leading role in the German lands, culminating in the defeat of the Austro-Prussian War in 1866.\n Links: a. Crimean War b. Austro-Prussian War c. Austro-Prussian War d. Danube", "neg": "Question: Who was the leader of the Republic? Passage:Fort Ino was constructed in 1909-1916 on Cape Inoniemi on the Karelian Isthmus, within the borders of Viipuri Province of the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland. It was intended to protect the capital city of Petrograd (Saint Petersburg) and the naval base at Kronstadt, and was served by a railroad and a harbor. As Finland had become independent, on March 1, 1918, during the Finnish Civil War, in a friendship treaty the Finnish Red Guards' Edvard Gylling and Oskari Tokoi in the name of the Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic ceded the fortress to Soviet Russia in exchange for the city of Petsamo. However, the Finnish White Guards, who ultimately came out victorious in the civil war, demanded the fortress back, without offering a similar return of Petsamo, and on April 24 the 5th Jaeger Regiment under Major Hugo Viktor Österman laid siege to it. On May 8 Germany demanded Soviet Russia return the fort to Finland, and the Soviet government for fear of violating the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk withdrew its support to the crew. On May 14, 1918, the Soviet crew destroyed the batteries and evacuated to Kronstadt aboard the battleship Respublika. With the Treaty of Tartu in 1920, Finland undertook to disarm it completely within a year.\n Links: a. Kronstadt b. Hugo Österman c. Finland d. Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}137{"query": "Question: Which is the oldest ancient religious text that mentions Tripura? Passage:Although there is no evidence of lower or middle Paleolithic settlements in Tripura, Upper Paleolithic tools made of fossil wood have been found in the Haora and Khowai valleys. The Indian epic, the Mahabharata; ancient religious texts, the Puranas; and the Edicts of Ashoka – stone pillar inscriptions of the emperor Ashoka dating from the third century BCE – all mention Tripura. An ancient name of Tripura is Kirat Desh (English: \"The land of Kirat\"), probably referring to the Kirata Kingdoms or the more generic term Kirata. However, it is unclear whether the extent of modern Tripura is coterminous with Kirat Desh. The region was under the rule of the Twipra Kingdom for centuries, although when this dates from is not documented. The Rajmala, a chronicle of Tripuri kings which was first written in the 15th century, provides a list of 179 kings, from antiquity up to Krishna Kishore Manikya (1830–1850), but the reliability of the Rajmala has been doubted.\n Links: a. Puranas b. Haora River c. Upper Paleolithic d. Khowai River", "pos": "Question: In what country was the dynasty based which Dasharatha ruled as king? Passage:Dasharatha was the king of Ikshvaku dynasty who ruled Ayodhya. He had four princes Rama, Lakshmana, Bharata and Shatrughna. Janaka ruled Videha. His daughter Sita was married to Rama. Sita was kidnapped by Ravana, who took her to his kingdom Lanka. During the search for Sita, Rama and Lakshmana meet Sugriva and Hanuman. Sugriva, the king of Vanara clan was removed from his throne of Kiskindha by his brother Vali(He later become Jain Monk and attained Moksha). Rama and Lakshmana helped Sugriva get back his kingdom. They, along with the army of Sugriva marched towards Lanka. Vibhishana, Ravana's brother tried to persuade him to return Sita. However, Ravana did not agree. Vibhishana allied with Rama. There was a war fought between the armies of Rama and Ravana. Lakshmana kills Ravana in the end(deviating from the Ramayana where the hero Rama slays Ravana) and Vibhishana becomes the king of Lanka. Rama and Lakshmana return to Ayodhya. Rama had around eight thousand wives among whom Sita was the principle consort(in the Hindu epic , Rama has only one wife Sita), where as Lakshmana had around sixteen thousand wives in which Prithvisundari was his principle consort(in the Hindu epic, he had only one wife, Urmila). After Lakshmana's death, Rama becomes a monk. He attains Kevala Jnana and subsequently moksha. Lakshmana and Ravana, on the other hand, go to hell. Sita was born in heaven.\n Links: a. Solar dynasty b. Ramayana c. Rama d. Ayodhya", "neg": "Question: Which is the oldest valley that Upper Paleolithic tools were found in? Passage:Although there is no evidence of lower or middle Paleolithic settlements in Tripura, Upper Paleolithic tools made of fossil wood have been found in the Haora and Khowai valleys. The Indian epic, the Mahabharata; ancient religious texts, the Puranas; and the Edicts of Ashoka – stone pillar inscriptions of the emperor Ashoka dating from the third century BCE – all mention Tripura. An ancient name of Tripura is Kirat Desh (English: \"The land of Kirat\"), probably referring to the Kirata Kingdoms or the more generic term Kirata. However, it is unclear whether the extent of modern Tripura is coterminous with Kirat Desh. The region was under the rule of the Twipra Kingdom for centuries, although when this dates from is not documented. The Rajmala, a chronicle of Tripuri kings which was first written in the 15th century, provides a list of 179 kings, from antiquity up to Krishna Kishore Manikya (1830–1850), but the reliability of the Rajmala has been doubted.\n Links: a. Puranas b. Haora River c. Upper Paleolithic d. Haora River", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}138{"query": "Question: Where was Hardy's first WWF opponent born? Passage:Hardy cites Sting, The Ultimate Warrior, and Shawn Michaels as his childhood inspirations to wrestle. He started on World Wrestling Federation (WWF) television as a jobber—a wrestler who consistently loses to make his opponents look stronger. His first WWF match was against Razor Ramon on May 23, 1994 in Youngstown, Ohio, with Randy Savage mentioning on commentary, \"Welcome to the big time\". His ringname that night, Keith Davis, was the name of Razor's scheduled jobber, who backed out on short notice. Gary Sabaugh, who had brought Hardy in a group along with Davis, suggested him to agent Tony Garea, who agreed after Hardy claimed he was 18 (he was in fact, only 16). The next day, he wrestled under his real name against The 1–2–3 Kid, and the match aired on the June 25 episode of Superstars. He occasionally wrestled as a jobber as late as 1997 (including a match against Rob Van Dam during the ECW \"invasion\" storyline that had Hardy billed as being from Virginia instead of Cameron, North Carolina) before beginning his first major run in 1998.\n Links: a. WWF Superstars of Wrestling b. Randy Savage c. Scott Hall d. Cameron, North Carolina", "pos": "Question: How many people live in the city that Hardy made his WWF debut in? Passage:Hardy cites Sting, The Ultimate Warrior, and Shawn Michaels as his childhood inspirations to wrestle. He started on World Wrestling Federation (WWF) television as a jobber—a wrestler who consistently loses to make his opponents look stronger. His first WWF match was against Razor Ramon on May 23, 1994 in Youngstown, Ohio, with Randy Savage mentioning on commentary, \"Welcome to the big time\". His ringname that night, Keith Davis, was the name of Razor's scheduled jobber, who backed out on short notice. Gary Sabaugh, who had brought Hardy in a group along with Davis, suggested him to agent Tony Garea, who agreed after Hardy claimed he was 18 (he was in fact, only 16). The next day, he wrestled under his real name against The 1–2–3 Kid, and the match aired on the June 25 episode of Superstars. He occasionally wrestled as a jobber as late as 1997 (including a match against Rob Van Dam during the ECW \"invasion\" storyline that had Hardy billed as being from Virginia instead of Cameron, North Carolina) before beginning his first major run in 1998.\n Links: a. Randy Savage b. Job (professional wrestling) c. Youngstown, Ohio d. WWE", "neg": "Question: When was the place that hosted Hardy's first WWF match founded? Passage:Hardy cites Sting, The Ultimate Warrior, and Shawn Michaels as his childhood inspirations to wrestle. He started on World Wrestling Federation (WWF) television as a jobber—a wrestler who consistently loses to make his opponents look stronger. His first WWF match was against Razor Ramon on May 23, 1994 in Youngstown, Ohio, with Randy Savage mentioning on commentary, \"Welcome to the big time\". His ringname that night, Keith Davis, was the name of Razor's scheduled jobber, who backed out on short notice. Gary Sabaugh, who had brought Hardy in a group along with Davis, suggested him to agent Tony Garea, who agreed after Hardy claimed he was 18 (he was in fact, only 16). The next day, he wrestled under his real name against The 1–2–3 Kid, and the match aired on the June 25 episode of Superstars. He occasionally wrestled as a jobber as late as 1997 (including a match against Rob Van Dam during the ECW \"invasion\" storyline that had Hardy billed as being from Virginia instead of Cameron, North Carolina) before beginning his first major run in 1998.\n Links: a. Job (professional wrestling) b. Youngstown, Ohio c. The Ultimate Warrior d. Scott Hall", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}139{"query": "Question: Which driver had more career wins? Passage:In 1982, Dome built the RC82 as their first effort in the new Group C category of sports car racing. The chassis was built by March Engineering, whilst the engine was a 3.3-litre Cosworth DFL V8 engine. Dome, with sponsorship from Amada, debuted the car at the 1982 6 Hours of Silverstone, and selected Chris Craft, Raul Boesel and Eliseo Salazar to drive it. It would not prove to be a successful debut, as the car succumbed to fuel pressure issues after 116 laps. Dome then entered Craft and Salazar at the 24 Hours of Le Mans, but the suspension mounting failed after 85 laps, and the team were forced to retire. The RC82 was not used again until the 1983 24 Hours of Le Mans; Nick Mason joined the team, but the car lasted 75 laps before succumbing to clutch failure. Following the race, the RC83 made its debut in the 1000 km of Fuji, with the factory phasing out the RC82.\n Links: a. Dome RC83 b. Nick Mason c. Eliseo Salazar d. Sports car racing", "pos": "Question: Out of Jamie Davies, Johnny Herbert or Guy Smith, who has the most racing experience overall? Passage:The 88 Audi Sport UK Team Veloqx R8 of Jamie Davies, Johnny Herbert and Guy Smith started from pole position after Herbert set the overall fastest lap time in the fourth qualifying session. The car led for much of the first eighteen hours until a rear suspension problem created handling difficulties and was corrected in the garage. It gave the lead to the No. 5 Audi Sport Japan Team Goh car of Seiji Ara, Rinaldo Capello and Tom Kristensen and although it caught fire during a pit stop, Ara held off a challenge from the faster Herbert for the rest of the race to win by 41.354 seconds. It was Ara's first Le Mans win, Capello's second and Kristensen's sixth. Kristensen equalled Jacky Ickx's all-time record of six overall victories and was the first driver to win the 24 hour race five times in a row. This was the fourth overall victory for Audi since the manufacturer's début at the 2000 edition. The No. 88 Audi Sport UK Team Veloqx car finished in second and the No. 2 Champion Racing Audi R8 of JJ Lehto, Emanuele Pirro and Marco Werner recovered from a crash in the second hour to complete the overall podium finishers in third place.\n Links: a. Guy Smith (racing driver) b. Team Goh c. Jamie Davies d. 2000 24 Hours of Le Mans", "neg": "Question: Out of Jamie Davies, Johnny Herbert and Guy Smith, which was born first? Passage:The 88 Audi Sport UK Team Veloqx R8 of Jamie Davies, Johnny Herbert and Guy Smith started from pole position after Herbert set the overall fastest lap time in the fourth qualifying session. The car led for much of the first eighteen hours until a rear suspension problem created handling difficulties and was corrected in the garage. It gave the lead to the No. 5 Audi Sport Japan Team Goh car of Seiji Ara, Rinaldo Capello and Tom Kristensen and although it caught fire during a pit stop, Ara held off a challenge from the faster Herbert for the rest of the race to win by 41.354 seconds. It was Ara's first Le Mans win, Capello's second and Kristensen's sixth. Kristensen equalled Jacky Ickx's all-time record of six overall victories and was the first driver to win the 24 hour race five times in a row. This was the fourth overall victory for Audi since the manufacturer's début at the 2000 edition. The No. 88 Audi Sport UK Team Veloqx car finished in second and the No. 2 Champion Racing Audi R8 of JJ Lehto, Emanuele Pirro and Marco Werner recovered from a crash in the second hour to complete the overall podium finishers in third place.\n Links: a. Pole position b. Jacky Ickx c. Marco Werner d. Jamie Davies", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}140{"query": "Question: What position did Budai play in his debut for Hungary? Passage:Budai made his debut for Hungary on 2 May 1949 in a 6-1 win against Austria in the Central European Championship. He subsequently played 39 times for Hungary and scored 10 goals. Four of these goals came in a 12-0 win against Albania on 24 September 1950. As one of the legendary Mighty Magyars, he helped Hungary become Olympic Champions in 1952 and Central European Champions in 1953. He also played in the Hungary side that defeated England 6-3 at Wembley Stadium. During the 1954 FIFA World Cup he played in the group stage in the 9-0 win against South Korea and in the semi-final against Uruguay. However, despite an excellent performance in the latter game, he was dropped for the final to make room for Ferenc Puskás. He also played two games at the 1958 World Cup.\n Links: a. Hungary national football team b. Central European International Cup c. Uruguay national football team d. Central European International Cup", "pos": "Question: What was Hungary's record in the 1958 World Cup? Passage:Budai made his debut for Hungary on 2 May 1949 in a 6-1 win against Austria in the Central European Championship. He subsequently played 39 times for Hungary and scored 10 goals. Four of these goals came in a 12-0 win against Albania on 24 September 1950. As one of the legendary Mighty Magyars, he helped Hungary become Olympic Champions in 1952 and Central European Champions in 1953. He also played in the Hungary side that defeated England 6-3 at Wembley Stadium. During the 1954 FIFA World Cup he played in the group stage in the 9-0 win against South Korea and in the semi-final against Uruguay. However, despite an excellent performance in the latter game, he was dropped for the final to make room for Ferenc Puskás. He also played two games at the 1958 World Cup.\n Links: a. 1958 FIFA World Cup squads b. Central European International Cup c. Uruguay national football team d. Ferenc Puskás", "neg": "Question: Who were the other members of the Mighty Magyars? Passage:Budai made his debut for Hungary on 2 May 1949 in a 6-1 win against Austria in the Central European Championship. He subsequently played 39 times for Hungary and scored 10 goals. Four of these goals came in a 12-0 win against Albania on 24 September 1950. As one of the legendary Mighty Magyars, he helped Hungary become Olympic Champions in 1952 and Central European Champions in 1953. He also played in the Hungary side that defeated England 6-3 at Wembley Stadium. During the 1954 FIFA World Cup he played in the group stage in the 9-0 win against South Korea and in the semi-final against Uruguay. However, despite an excellent performance in the latter game, he was dropped for the final to make room for Ferenc Puskás. He also played two games at the 1958 World Cup.\n Links: a. South Korea national football team b. Golden Team c. 1954 FIFA World Cup d. Golden Team", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}141{"query": "Question: Who was the sponsor of the team Mirallas joined in 2012 for a reported fee of £6 million? Passage:In August 2012, Mirallas joined Premier League club Everton for a reported fee of £6 million. He made his debut as a second-half substitute during a 3–1 league win over Aston Villa at Villa Park in which he had a headed goal disallowed due to it being ruled offside. In his first start four days later, Mirallas scored twice and provided two assists as Everton won 5–0 against Leyton Orient in the second round of the League Cup. He scored his first league goal on 22 September 2012, in a 3–0 away win against Swansea City after heading in his initial effort which rebounded off the underside of the bar. Mirallas suffered a number of injuries which limited his number of appearances during the middle part of the season. He made a number of brief cameos, notably against Tottenham Hotspur in December. Mirallas' next goal came against Oldham Athletic in a 3–1 win on 26 February 2013 in the fifth round of the FA Cup. He then scored again, scoring his second league goal of the season against Reading in a 3–1 win on 2 March 2013. He scored his first brace in David Moyes' last home game in charge of Everton in a 2–0 win against West Ham United.\n Links: a. Everton F.C. b. Premier League c. Swansea City A.F.C. d. Reading F.C.", "pos": "Question: Which country did Mirallas score his first league goal after heading in his initial effort which rebounded off the underside of the bar? Passage:In August 2012, Mirallas joined Premier League club Everton for a reported fee of £6 million. He made his debut as a second-half substitute during a 3–1 league win over Aston Villa at Villa Park in which he had a headed goal disallowed due to it being ruled offside. In his first start four days later, Mirallas scored twice and provided two assists as Everton won 5–0 against Leyton Orient in the second round of the League Cup. He scored his first league goal on 22 September 2012, in a 3–0 away win against Swansea City after heading in his initial effort which rebounded off the underside of the bar. Mirallas suffered a number of injuries which limited his number of appearances during the middle part of the season. He made a number of brief cameos, notably against Tottenham Hotspur in December. Mirallas' next goal came against Oldham Athletic in a 3–1 win on 26 February 2013 in the fifth round of the FA Cup. He then scored again, scoring his second league goal of the season against Reading in a 3–1 win on 2 March 2013. He scored his first brace in David Moyes' last home game in charge of Everton in a 2–0 win against West Ham United.\n Links: a. Swansea City A.F.C. b. Everton F.C. c. Swansea City A.F.C. d. Premier League", "neg": "Question: What was the home stadium for the club Mirallas joined in 2012? Passage:In August 2012, Mirallas joined Premier League club Everton for a reported fee of £6 million. He made his debut as a second-half substitute during a 3–1 league win over Aston Villa at Villa Park in which he had a headed goal disallowed due to it being ruled offside. In his first start four days later, Mirallas scored twice and provided two assists as Everton won 5–0 against Leyton Orient in the second round of the League Cup. He scored his first league goal on 22 September 2012, in a 3–0 away win against Swansea City after heading in his initial effort which rebounded off the underside of the bar. Mirallas suffered a number of injuries which limited his number of appearances during the middle part of the season. He made a number of brief cameos, notably against Tottenham Hotspur in December. Mirallas' next goal came against Oldham Athletic in a 3–1 win on 26 February 2013 in the fifth round of the FA Cup. He then scored again, scoring his second league goal of the season against Reading in a 3–1 win on 2 March 2013. He scored his first brace in David Moyes' last home game in charge of Everton in a 2–0 win against West Ham United.\n Links: a. Oldham Athletic A.F.C. b. David Moyes c. Everton F.C. d. Tottenham Hotspur F.C.", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}142{"query": "Question: What states did Waller receive doctorate degrees from, either earned or honorary? Passage:Waller was born on July 17, 1846. His parents were David Jewett Waller Sr. and Julia Ellmaker Waller. He was their fifth child. When young he was educated at Bloomsburg. After that he went to a classical school in a local Primitive Methodist Episcopal Church. When Waller was fourteen he was sent to a school run by Revered Gayley in the community of Media. In 1861, at the age of 15, he went to Williams College's preparatory department. However, due to sickness his education ceased for three years. In 1867, he was among the first people to graduate from the Bloomsburg Literary Institute. Waller went to Lafayette College in the autumn of 1867. He did well there and graduated from there with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1870 and a Master of Arts degree in 1873. From 1870 to 1871 he trained to be and served as a tutor in Latin and Greek. While at Lafayette College he also won the Fowler Prize, a prize of $30 granted for excellence in English philology. Waller attended the Princeton Theological Seminary from 1871 to 1872, then switched to the Union Theological Seminary and graduated from that in 1874. He received an honorary Ph.D from Lafayette College in 1880 and received a Doctor of Divinity degree from Ursinus College in 1892. Juniata College granted Waller an honorary Doctor of Laws degree in 1934.\n Links: a. David Jewett Waller Sr. b. Latin c. Doctor of Philosophy d. Media, Pennsylvania", "pos": "Question: What state was the university Davidson got his M.A. from located in? Passage:Levette J. Davidson was a nationally acclaimed expert in folklore, especially that of Colorado and the West. He was born in Eureka, Illinois May 16, 1894, one of four children. Because his grand uncle was past-President of Eureka College, a Christian seminary, Davidson was reared in the school's shadow with the option of becoming either a teacher or a preacher. He chose teaching and was awarded his B.A. from Eureka in 1915. A year later he received his A.M. degree from the University of Illinois where he received Phi Beta Kappa honors. In 1917 he earned his M.A. in social science and history at Harvard University. __During World War I, he served with the Tenth Infantry of the Forty-Sixth Division and also served as an army sergeant in Intelligence. Davidson and his wife Mary, also a graduate of Eureka, were married in 1918. At the end of the war, Davidson simultaneously taught and studied at the University of Michigan where he earned a Ph.D. in languages and literatures in 1922. He arrived in Denver later that year and began teaching at the University of Denver. Before arriving in Colorado, his academic specialty was eighteenth century England. Once in Denver, he realized that Western literature and folklore would be his life work. Davidson taught at the University of Denver until his death in 1957. His course topics ranged from studies of Shakespeare and other English literature, to folklore in the West. He began teaching news writing and eventually founded the journalism department at the University as well as the board of publications and the press club. He was the first faculty member elected to serve as president of the University Senate. In 1940 he became head of the English Department and from March to August 1953 he served as interim Chancellor. At the time of assuming his post, he remarked: There is hardly an organization on campus that I have not been connected with at one time or another. Davidson was named University Lecturer for 1956. Davidson was a director of the Colorado State Historical Society, the Modern Languages Association, the American Folklore Society, and the American Dialect Society. He was a charter member of the Denver Posse of the Westerners, an organization devoted to western folklore. In spare moments, Davidson conducted research, wrote outlines for plays, and authored a large number of articles. He contributed to a wide range of magazines from Western American to Shakespeare Quarterly. Additionally, Davidson authored several books on folklore. The most widely recognized is Rocky Mountain Tales, which presents regional folklore as well as true accounts of early events in the area. Levette Davidson died May 14, 1957.\n Links: a. Modern Language Association b. University of Michigan c. Harvard University d. Modern Language Association", "neg": "Question: What state was the school run by Reverend Gayley located in? Passage:Waller was born on July 17, 1846. His parents were David Jewett Waller Sr. and Julia Ellmaker Waller. He was their fifth child. When young he was educated at Bloomsburg. After that he went to a classical school in a local Primitive Methodist Episcopal Church. When Waller was fourteen he was sent to a school run by Revered Gayley in the community of Media. In 1861, at the age of 15, he went to Williams College's preparatory department. However, due to sickness his education ceased for three years. In 1867, he was among the first people to graduate from the Bloomsburg Literary Institute. Waller went to Lafayette College in the autumn of 1867. He did well there and graduated from there with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1870 and a Master of Arts degree in 1873. From 1870 to 1871 he trained to be and served as a tutor in Latin and Greek. While at Lafayette College he also won the Fowler Prize, a prize of $30 granted for excellence in English philology. Waller attended the Princeton Theological Seminary from 1871 to 1872, then switched to the Union Theological Seminary and graduated from that in 1874. He received an honorary Ph.D from Lafayette College in 1880 and received a Doctor of Divinity degree from Ursinus College in 1892. Juniata College granted Waller an honorary Doctor of Laws degree in 1934.\n Links: a. Ursinus College b. Media, Pennsylvania c. Media, Pennsylvania d. Juniata College", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}143{"query": "Question: How large is the endowment of the college that Parsons attended? Passage:Parsons was born in Winter Haven, Florida and developed an interest in country music while attending Harvard University. He founded the International Submarine Band in 1966, but the group disbanded prior to the 1968 release of its debut album, Safe at Home. Parsons joined The Byrds in early 1968 and played a pivotal role in the making of the seminal Sweetheart of the Rodeo album. After leaving the group in late 1968, Parsons and fellow Byrd Chris Hillman formed The Flying Burrito Brothers in 1969; the band released its debut, The Gilded Palace of Sin, the same year. The album was well received but failed commercially. After a sloppy cross-country tour, the band hastily recorded Burrito Deluxe. Parsons was fired from the band before the album's release in early 1970. Emmylou Harris assisted him on vocals for his first solo record, GP, released in 1973. Although it received enthusiastic reviews, the release failed to chart. His next album, Grievous Angel, peaked at number 195 on the Billboard chart. His health deteriorated due to several years of drug abuse and he died in 1973 at the age of 26.\n Links: a. Harvard University b. Emmylou Harris c. Burrito Deluxe d. Emmylou Harris", "pos": "Question: How big is the campus where Canning earned his degree? Passage:After receiving his degree from Eastman, Canning taught music theory and composition at Morningside College (1936–1941) and Indiana University of Pennsylvania (1945–1946). In 1946, he took a position with The Royal Conservatory of Music at the University of Toronto, teaching music theory in the RCM's newly created MBac program for training secondary and elementary school music teachers. Canning was appointed Assistant Professor of Theory at Eastman in 1947 and taught there until 1961, when he left for a year to serve at the University of Hull as a Fulbright professor. In 1963 Canning was hired as an associate professor at the newly opened Creative Arts Center at West Virginia University, receiving promotion to full professor in 1967, retiring in 1977. Canning belonged to the American Composers Alliance, The Hymn Society of America, and Pi Kappa Lambda, and was an honorary member of Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia.\n Links: a. Eastman School of Music b. Fulbright Program c. Eastman School of Music d. Eastman School of Music", "neg": "Question: How old was Perry when he began his solo career? Passage:In 1982, Goodrum signed a worldwide publishing deal with New York-based CBS Songs. He moved briefly to nearby Westport, Connecticut, before relocating to Los Angeles. Although no longer in Nashville, he continued to work with country artists, writing a hit for Sylvia. His credits expanded to include best-selling records in genres including R&B (Patti Austin, El DeBarge), jazz (George Benson, Al Jarreau) and rock (Michael McDonald, Chicago, Toto). In 1984, Goodrum worked with Steve Perry on his solo debut, Street Talk. He partnered with Perry to write five songs for the album and wrote four additional songs in collaboration with others. \"Oh Sherrie\", written with Perry, Craig Krampf, and Bill Cuomo was #1 on the Billboard Rock Charts and the biggest hit of Perry's career as a solo artist. \"Now and Forever (You and Me)\", co-written with David Foster and Jim Vallance, was a major hit for Anne Murray in 1986, appearing on the Billboard Hot 100 for six weeks. In the mid-90s, he returned to Nashville, and later wrote hit songs for artists including Ronan Keating and John Berry. In 1999, Boyzone had success with a cover version of \"You Needed Me\" and Jo Dee Messina's cover of \"A Lesson in Leavin'\" appeared on the Billboard Hot 100 year-end charts.\n Links: a. Al Jarreau b. Steve Perry c. Patti Austin d. Jim Vallance", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}144{"query": "Question: How long had the secret project, Tube Alloys, been going on before it merged with the American Manhattan Project according to the Quebec Agreement? Passage:During the early part of the Second World War, Britain had a nuclear weapons project, code-named Tube Alloys, which the 1943 Quebec Agreement merged with the American Manhattan Project to create a combined American, British, and Canadian project. The British government expected that the United States would continue to share nuclear technology, which it regarded as a joint discovery, but the United States Atomic Energy Act of 1946 (McMahon Act) ended technical co-operation. Fearing a resurgence of United States isolationism, and Britain losing its great power status, the British government restarted its own development effort, which was given the cover name \"High Explosive Research\". The first British atomic bomb was tested in Operation Hurricane at the Monte Bello Islands in Western Australia on 3 October 1952.\n Links: a. High Explosive Research b. United States non-interventionism c. Tube Alloys d. Great power", "pos": "Question: Which event occured first, the U2 incident or the Berlin Crisis? Passage:In the immediate aftermath of World War II, the leadership of the Soviet Union feared the United States would use its nuclear superiority to its advantage, as from 1945 to 1948 the U.S. was the only state possessing nuclear weapons. The USSR countered by rapidly developing their own nuclear weapons, surprising the US with their first test in 1949. In turn, the U.S. countered by developing the vastly more powerful thermonuclear weapon, testing their first hydrogen bomb in 1952 at Ivy Mike, but the USSR quickly countered by testing their own thermonuclear weapons, with a test in 1953 of a semi-thermonuclear weapon of the Sloika design, and in 1956, with the testing of Sakharov's Third Idea – equivalent to the Castle Bravo device. Meanwhile, tensions between the two nations rose as 1956 saw the suppression of Hungary by the Soviets; the U.S. and European nations drew certain conclusions from that event, while in the U.S., a powerful social backlash was afoot, prompted by Senator Joseph McCarthy, the House Un-American Activities Committee, and Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, U.S. citizens executed in 1953 after conviction of espionage. This atmosphere was further inflamed by the 1957 launch of Sputnik, which led to fears of Communists attacking from outer space, as well as concerns that if the Soviets could launch a device into orbit, they could equally cause a device to re-enter the atmosphere and impact any part of the planet. John F. Kennedy capitalized on this situation by emphasizing the Bomber gap and the Missile gap, areas in which the Soviets were (inaccurately) perceived as leading the United States, while heated Soviet rhetoric added to political pressure. The 1960 U-2 incident, involving Francis Gary Powers, as well as the Berlin Crisis, along with the test of the Tsar Bomba, escalated tensions still further.\n Links: a. Joe 4 b. Sputnik 1 c. 1960 U-2 incident d. World War II", "neg": "Question: Where is the headquarters of the company that developed the B-52? Passage:Strategic Air Command was formed by the United States Air Force after World War II to provide an active defense against any surprise attack by the Soviet Union. Though it had been an ally against Germany and Japan during World War II, by 1948 the Soviet Union showed a propensity to instigate problems with Britain, France and the United States. In August 1949, the Soviet Union detonated its first nuclear weapon and by the early 1950s had detonated a hydrogen bomb. The war of words between the two superpowers escalated during 1950s and 1960s into a nuclear arms race. By 1970 the United States was using a \"Triad Defense System\" composed of nuclear submarines armed with nuclear missiles, land based intercontinental ballistic missiles with nuclear warheads and bombers capable of delivering hydrogen bombs on enemy targets. The Boeing B-52 Stratofortress bomber had been designed in the early 1950s by Boeing Aircraft Company to give the United States Air Force the capability of delivering nuclear weapons far inside the territory of Soviet Russia. The planes were to fly at high altitude with enough fuel to hit their target. In May 1960, the Soviet Union made known its capability to shoot such high altitude planes out of the sky by using a surface to air missile to strike CIA pilot Francis Gary Powers' U-2 spy plane over Russian territory. From that point on, the high-altitude B-52 had to be modified to conduct missions at low level, something it was not intended to be.\n Links: a. Boeing b. Boeing c. United States Air Force d. Intercontinental ballistic missile", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}145{"query": "Question: How many people are on the council that the AEAC invited to attend a free lunch? Passage:The Adult Entertainment Association of Canada (abbreviated AEAC, also called the Adult Association of Canada) is a coalition of strip club owners and their agents that represents 53 of the 140 strip clubs in Ontario, Canada. Tim Lambrinos is the organization's director. The Exotic Dancers' Alliance (EDA), a collective that was founded in 1995 to bring together both former and current strippers and their supporters, sought to establish minimum employment standards for strippers in Ontario by contending with the AEAC, but the EDA ceased to exist in 2004. Also in 2004, Ottawa instituted a law against lap dancing, and the AEAC unsuccessfully attempted to have the law overturned in 2007. Starting in 2004, the AEAC and the Department of Citizenship and Immigration Canada became embroiled in a long-standing controversy about work permits for foreign workers to be hired for the purpose of striptease. In 2008, when Minister of Citizenship and Immigration Diane Finley allegedly received threats from sex industry officials in relation to her support of Bill C-17, which sought to allow immigration officers to deny temporary visas to prospective strippers if they were suspected to be sex trafficking victims, Lambrinos said that \"it's not plausible\" that any of the AEAC strip clubs were responsible for the threats. In 2009, the AEAC invited Toronto City Council members to attend a free lunch at a strip club in the city, and three councillors accepted the invitation. The AEAC released a statement in 2010 that the government's crackdown on sex industry worker visas had resulted in a stripper shortage, and Minister of Public Safety Vic Toews responded by saying that the strip clubs that were short on strippers because of the crackdown were engaging in human trafficking. Toews then ordered the Royal Canadian Mounted Police to investigate the relevant strip clubs in order to determine whether or not the strippers working there were illegal immigrants or sex trafficking victims, and the AEAC launched a campaign to deny these allegations.\n Links: a. Striptease b. Stripper c. Toronto City Council d. Strip club", "pos": "Question: Which of the organizations that are represented on  YBF's advisory board has the highest membership numbers?  Passage:As of September 2010, YBF's \"advisory board\" includes Matthew Elliott, founder of the UK TaxPayers' Alliance, and representatives of the Heritage Foundation (a US conservative thinktank), US Competitive Enterprise Institute and American Conservative Union (a US conservative lobbying organisation). It also includes the founder of the US Leadership Institute, the President of the US Jesse Helms Center, the President of the Young America's Foundation, the co-founder of the US Henry Jackson Society and a former Executive Director of the Collegiate Network. British representatives include Professor Patrick Minford, blogger Iain Dale (who resigned in the same year) and two local councillors. Liam Fox, the shadow defence secretary, was a member of the YBF's parliamentary council. Conor Burns was until shortly before becoming an MP in 2010 the vice-president of YBF.\n Links: a. Iain Dale b. Collegiate Network c. TaxPayers' Alliance d. Conor Burns", "neg": "Question: How long did the Minister of Public Safety at the time serve in that role? Passage:The Adult Entertainment Association of Canada (abbreviated AEAC, also called the Adult Association of Canada) is a coalition of strip club owners and their agents that represents 53 of the 140 strip clubs in Ontario, Canada. Tim Lambrinos is the organization's director. The Exotic Dancers' Alliance (EDA), a collective that was founded in 1995 to bring together both former and current strippers and their supporters, sought to establish minimum employment standards for strippers in Ontario by contending with the AEAC, but the EDA ceased to exist in 2004. Also in 2004, Ottawa instituted a law against lap dancing, and the AEAC unsuccessfully attempted to have the law overturned in 2007. Starting in 2004, the AEAC and the Department of Citizenship and Immigration Canada became embroiled in a long-standing controversy about work permits for foreign workers to be hired for the purpose of striptease. In 2008, when Minister of Citizenship and Immigration Diane Finley allegedly received threats from sex industry officials in relation to her support of Bill C-17, which sought to allow immigration officers to deny temporary visas to prospective strippers if they were suspected to be sex trafficking victims, Lambrinos said that \"it's not plausible\" that any of the AEAC strip clubs were responsible for the threats. In 2009, the AEAC invited Toronto City Council members to attend a free lunch at a strip club in the city, and three councillors accepted the invitation. The AEAC released a statement in 2010 that the government's crackdown on sex industry worker visas had resulted in a stripper shortage, and Minister of Public Safety Vic Toews responded by saying that the strip clubs that were short on strippers because of the crackdown were engaging in human trafficking. Toews then ordered the Royal Canadian Mounted Police to investigate the relevant strip clubs in order to determine whether or not the strippers working there were illegal immigrants or sex trafficking victims, and the AEAC launched a campaign to deny these allegations.\n Links: a. Vic Toews b. Travel visa c. Striptease d. Vic Toews", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}146{"query": "Question: How many subscribers did the newspaper Bild am Sonntag have the year that the president of German airline Air Berlin, in an interview with the newspaper stated that the risks for flights due to this volcanic haze were nonexistent? Passage:On 17 April 2010, the president of German airline Air Berlin, in an interview with the newspaper Bild am Sonntag, stated that the risks for flights due to this volcanic haze were nonexistent, because the assessment was based only on a computer simulation produced by the VAAC. He went on to claim that the Luftfahrt-Bundesamt closed German airspace without checking the accuracy of these simulations. Spokesmen for Lufthansa and KLM stated that during their test flights, required by the European Union, there were no problems with the aircraft. On the morning of 17 April Lufthansa moved 10 aircraft from Munich to Frankfurt at low altitude following visual flight rules. There were no problems reported and no sign of damage to the planes. The same day, an Airbus belonging to Ural Airlines attempted flying below the ash clouds from Moscow to Rimini. When the airplane was in Austrian airspace, the crew reported being low on fuel and diverted to Vienna, where the airplane landed safely.\n Links: a. Frankfurt b. Bild c. Ural Airlines d. Lufthansa", "pos": "Question: What kind of aircraft were leased? Passage:In addition to withdrawing from the prestigious long-haul routes to New York and Los Angeles after only 18 months, other specific measures the airline took at the time to ensure its survival included dropping all scheduled flights to Belfast, Copenhagen, Gibraltar, Ibiza, Málaga, Palma de Mallorca and Tunis, indefinitely suspending scheduled services on the Glasgow—Southampton route as well as cutting the number of frequencies on the Gatwick—Glasgow and Gatwick—Edinburgh routes from six to four daily round trips. Two surplus aircraft were leased out to Air Malta and Austrian Airlines respectively for the duration of the 1975 summer timetable period. Another aircraft was stationed at West Berlin's Tegel Airport during the month of July of that year to fulfill a short-term charter contract to carry Turkish migrant workers to and from Istanbul on behalf of a local tour operator. BCal also decided to increase its 707 freighter fleet from one to four aircraft and to acquire a five-seater Piper Aztec to serve the rapidly growing executive charter market. These changes left BCal with 25 operational aircraft for the 1975 summer season. To reduce operating costs further, the airline decided to contract out its scheduled operations between Gatwick and Le Touquet to BIA. The reason for replacing BCal's One-Eleven 200 jet aircraft on this route with that airline's Herald turboprops at the beginning of the 1975 summer timetable period was the high price of jet fuel, which had made BCal's own jet aircraft operations uneconomic.\n Links: a. Ibiza b. Air Malta c. Austrian Airlines d. Turkish people", "neg": "Question: What class of ship was the German surface vessel seen? Passage:They flew a mission to the Lofoten Islands on 9 July 1944, searching the coastal shipping lanes and photographing the mainland town of Bodø. Bad weather in northern Scotland on their return prevented a landing, and they finally landed at RAF Leuchars with just 10 gallons left in the fuel tanks. On 12 July, they again flew, via a refuelling stop at RAF Sumburgh in the Shetland Islands, to the Lofoten Islands, and then on to Altenfjord, to search for German surface vessels, flying 750 miles to the Norwegian coast above thick cloud. The top cover of their aeroplane blew off as they descended towards the fjord to make their photography run, subjecting the crew to freezing temperatures for the remainder of the flight. They made a photographic run over the targets they found, including the Tirpitz. They lost their codebooks through the open hatch, so were unable to obtain radio assistance on the way back. They flew 2,300 miles in a mission that lasted nearly 8 hours, landing at RAF Wick, but were immediately refuelled and sent on to Leuchars for the photographs to be developed. The intelligence brought by these missions were of crucial importance: Flight Lieutenant (later Air Vice Marshal) Dodd was awarded an immediate Distinguished Service Order and Flight Sergeant Hill an immediate Distinguished Flying Medal. The citations were gazetted on 8 September and read:\n Links: a. Tirpitz b. Wick Airport c. Flight sergeant d. Bodø", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}147{"query": "Question: Did Sekimoto compete more often at RIKI-PRO or at the Apache Pro Wrestling? Passage:With 2003 and 2004 being mostly uneventful for Sekimoto, he started 2005 with a bang by winning the New Generation Battle Tournament by defeating HERO! in the final on January 9. Over the years, Sekimoto would compete in numerous variations of hardcore matches including barbed wire board tag team death match, Fluorescent Lighttubes tag team death match and prison hall Death match, he also competed at RIKI-PRO and Apache Pro Wrestling frequently. On October 14, Sekimoto teamed up with Abdullah Kobayashi to win his second BJW Tag Team Championship. 2006 would start on a low point as Sekimoto and Kobayashi lost the titles to Mammoth Sasaki and Shadow WX on January 27. Sekimoto and Tomohiko Hashimoto took part in the WEW Tag Team Title Tournament but wouldn't go past the first round. On December 3, 2006, Sekimoto and Yoshihito Sasaki defeated Mammoth Sasaki and Shadow WX for his third BJW Tag Team Championship. During their four hundred plus days as champions, Sekimoto took on Mammoth Sasaki for the WEW Heavyweight Championship in February 2007. On March 2, Sekimoto and Sasaki lost the BJW tag Team Championship to Kengo Mashimo and Madoka at a Pro Wrestling Zero1 event. With this loss, Sekimoto teamed up with Katsumasa Inoue to take on GAINA & Zero for the Osaka Pro Wrestling Tag Team Championship but lost. Sekimoto and Inoue teamed up once again and took on Handsome Joe and Taka Michinoku for the Strongest-K Tag Team Championship. During a joint event between Big Japan and El Dorado Pro Wrestling, Sekimoto teamed up with Shuji Kondo and defeated KAGETORA and Takashi Sasaki to win the Thanksgiving Day Tag Tournament. On July 13, 2008, Sekimoto and Mammoth Sasaki defeated Kengo Mashimo and Madoka for the BJW Tag Team Championship, however, on March 7, 2009, Saksaki was injured in an auto mobile accident and vacated the championship. In the Maximum Tag League 2009, Sekimoto and Masato Tanaka finished top of block B but would lose to Takashi Sasaki and Yuko Miyamoto in the semifinal. On July 27, 2009, Sekimoto and Yuji Okabayashi defeated Isami Kodaka and Masashi Takeda to win his fifth BJW Tag Team Championship. A month later, Sekimoto won the Eight Man Tag Team Tournament with Shinya Ishikawa, Yoshihito Sasaki and Yuji Okabayashi. On December 13, 2009, Sekimoto and Okabayashi lost the titles to Yoshihito Sasaki and Shinya Ishikawa. 2010 kicked of with a loss at Osaka Pro Wrestling when Sekimoto and Okabayshi lost Hideyoshi & Masamune in a match for the Osaka Pro Wrestling Tag Team Championship. On February 28, 2010, Sekimoto defeated Shuji Ishikawa for the KO-D Openweight Championship. After several defences, he lost the title to Harashima on July 25. He would return next year in the same month to take part in a four-way elimination match for the KO-D Tag Team Championship and teamed with Masa Takanashi and won. They would lose the title on August 28 to Danshoku Dino and Kota Ibushi. Sekimoto began teaming with Yoshihito Sasaki to take part in the BJW Tag Team Championship Tournament and reached the final, which took place on April 28, 2010, and lost to Jaki Numazawa and Jun Kasai. On October 10, Sekimoto and Sasaki defeated Numazawa and Kasai to become a six time BJW Tag Team Championship but would lose the title to Numazawa and Kasai. Sekimoto and Kazuki Hashimoto took part in a year long tag tournament called Dainichi-X 2011 but would not gain enough points to progress to the semifinal. Sekimoto and Yuji Okabayashi took part in the Big Japan Tag League 2011 and won. In March 2012, Sekimoto participated in the Ikkitousen Strong Climb Tournament in block A and reached the final before losing to Yoshihito Sasaki. On August 22, Sekimoto defeated Kengo Mashimo for the Strongest-K Championship and lost it Yuji Hino on November 13. On September 8, 2013, Sekimoto worked the inaugural event of the Wrestle-1 promotion, which Keiji Mutoh formed after leaving All Japan. Teaming with his regular partner Yuji Okabayashi, the two defeated Kaz Hayashi and Shuji Kondo in a tag team match.\n Links: a. Fighting of World Japan Pro Wrestling b. Yuji Okabayashi c. Fighting of World Japan Pro Wrestling d. Isami Kodaka", "pos": "Question: Which of Kuroda's contemporaries had more championships, Hosaka or Tanaka? Passage:Kuroda began his professional wrestling career in January 1993, when he was trained by Pro Wrestling Crusaders (PWC) at their dojo and made his debut on March 18, 1993 against Hideki Hosaka. PWC closed after a few months and Kuroda resumed his training at the Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling (FMW) dojo. He made his FMW debut as a fan favorite with Masato Tanaka by losing to Dark Ranger and Masaru Toi in a tag team match on October 15. Kuroda remained in the low card for many years in the company and was usually utilized in opening matches on the card and served as a enhancement talent against higher level opponents, winning against only lesser known talent. He was often paired with fellow newcomer Tanaka in mid-card matches during the early years of his career and often wrestled Tanaka, Koji Nakagawa and Gosaku Goshogawara. Kuroda's first main event match took place on November 26, 1994, when he teamed with Atsushi Onita, Katsutoshi Niiyama and Masato Tanaka to defeat Mr. Pogo, The Gladiator, Hideki Hosaka and Hisakatsu Oya in a no ropes barbed wire street fight deathmatch. Kuroda would team with Onita, Niiyama and Tanaka in several street fights during late 1994 and early 1995. In the summer of 1995, Kuroda was entered into the Young Spirit Tournament, a round robin tournament consisting of rising rookies of the company. He would lose all of his matches in the tournament against W*ING Kanemura, Hideki Hosaka, Koji Nakagawa and Hido, while wrestling Masato Tanaka to a double knockout to gain one point in the tournament.\n Links: a. Hideki Hosaka b. Card (sports) c. Face (professional wrestling) d. Kouhiro Kanemura", "neg": "Question: Was Shinjiro Otani older than Satoshi Kojima the year Takaiwa passed his NJPW entry exam? Passage:While attending vocational school, Takaiwa passed the New Japan Pro Wrestling (NJPW) entry exam and began training with the promotion in 1992. Takaiwa was part of the same trainee class as Shinjiro Otani and the two became frequent opponents and tag team partners when they eventually debuted. Takaiwa debuted on July 21, 1992, losing to Satoshi Kojima. In 1993, Takaiwa took part in the Young Lions Cup, finishing last with zero wins and zero points. During the early years of his career, Takaiwa primarily competed in opening matches, usually on the losing end as is customary for young wrestlers in Japan. Beginning in 1997, Takaiwa began to create more of a name for himself, competing in that year's Best of the Super Juniors tournament and finishing with four points. In 1998, Takaiwa teamed up with Otani to take part in the league to crown the inaugural IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Champions, with the two of them defeating Koji Kanemoto and Dr Wagner Jr in the finals to become the first ever holders of the belts. In December 1998, Takaiwa received his first shot at the IWGP Junior Heavyweight Championship, unsuccessfully challenging Jushin Thunder Liger. Days later on December 11, Takaiwa and Otani travelled to Wrestle Association R where they defeated Masaaki Mochizuki and Masao Orihara to win the vacant International Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championship, making themselves double champions. Their days as double champions didnt last long, however, as they would lose the IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championship to Kendo Kashin and Dr Wagner Jr at Wrestling World 1999. Later in the year they would regain the championships, defeating Jushin Thunder Liger and The Great Sasuke in July. In 2000, both Otani and Takaiwa took part in the Best of the Super Juniors tournament, with both men winning their blocks and reaching the final, where, on June 9, Takaiwa defeated Otani to win the 2000 Best of the Super Juniors. Later in the month after just under a year as champions, Otani and Takaiwa lost the IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championships to the Junior Stars (Koji Kanemoto and Minoru Tanaka). After losing the titles, Takaiwa began focusing more on his singles career, winning the IWGP Junior Heavyweight Championship for the first time in his career in July, defeating Jushin Thunder Liger. Takaiwa eventually lost the championship to Minoru Tanaka in October.\n Links: a. New Japan Pro-Wrestling b. Best of the Super Juniors c. Shinjiro Otani d. IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championship", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}148{"query": "Question: How long was John Houlding's stadium empty? Passage:Liverpool Football Club is an English association football club based in Liverpool, Merseyside, which competes in the top tier of English football, for the 2019–20 season. The club was formed in 1892 following a disagreement between the board of Everton and club president John Houlding, who owned the club's ground, Anfield. The dispute over rent resulted in Everton leaving Anfield for Goodison Park, which left Houlding with an empty stadium. Not content for his ground to lay idle, he created his own club: Liverpool. Liverpool joined the Lancashire League on their foundation before the 1892–93 season. They ended their inaugural season as league champions, and were elected to The Football League soon afterwards. The club remained in The Football League until 1992, when its First Division was superseded as English football's top level by the newly formed Premier League.\n Links: a. 1892–93 Liverpool F.C. season b. Anfield c. Liverpool d. Anfield", "pos": "Question: How long had Wanderers been a functioning FC for by the year the Football Association adopted a new permanent home for the FA Cup Final? Passage:As far back as 1854, the famous glass exhibition building known as The Crystal Palace had been relocated from Hyde Park, London and rebuilt in an area of South London next to Sydenham Hill. This area was renamed Crystal Palace including the park surrounding the site where various sports facilities were built. The earliest known Crystal Palace football team first played here in 1861 as an amateur outfit. They went on to become founder members of the Football Association and competed in the very first FA Cup competition reaching the semi-finals where they were eliminated by the Royal Engineers in a replay after the first game ended goalless. The team also played in the FA Cup in the next four seasons before disappearing from historical records after a 0–3 defeat to eventual winners Wanderers in the second round of the 1875–76 FA Cup. In 1895, the Football Association adopted a new permanent home for the FA Cup Final which was to be played at the sports stadium situated inside the historic grounds of the Palace. With the owners also reliant on tourist activity for their income, they sought fresh attractions for the venue, and founded the London County Cricket Club of W. G. Grace before turning their attention to football.\n Links: a. Royal Engineers A.F.C. b. Wanderers F.C. c. London County Cricket Club d. FA Cup semi-finals", "neg": "Question: Which ground did the Liverpool Football Club play at longer, Anfield or Goodison Park? Passage:Liverpool Football Club is an English association football club based in Liverpool, Merseyside, which competes in the top tier of English football, for the 2019–20 season. The club was formed in 1892 following a disagreement between the board of Everton and club president John Houlding, who owned the club's ground, Anfield. The dispute over rent resulted in Everton leaving Anfield for Goodison Park, which left Houlding with an empty stadium. Not content for his ground to lay idle, he created his own club: Liverpool. Liverpool joined the Lancashire League on their foundation before the 1892–93 season. They ended their inaugural season as league champions, and were elected to The Football League soon afterwards. The club remained in The Football League until 1992, when its First Division was superseded as English football's top level by the newly formed Premier League.\n Links: a. Goodison Park b. Anfield c. Liverpool F.C. d. Association football", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}149{"query": "Question: What is the oldest band that Ethan Luck had previously worked with in 2005? Passage:In 2003 they took a short break, during which McCaddon decided to leave Society's Finest, and went on to join Demon Hunter. After leaving Society's Finest and Embodyment, Ryan Clark and Don Clark, formerly of Training for Utopia, recruited him, Jesse Sprinkle, formerly of Poor Old Lu, and Jon Dunn (Who would later join Soul Embraced) to join their project, Demon Hunter. Demon Hunter already had an album before he joined. On this album McCaddon had contributed by photography. On his Demon Hunter debut, Summer of Darkness, was great success. In 2005, Ethan Luck, formerly of The O.C. Supertones and Project 86, replaced McCaddon. In 2006, former Embodyment members, Mark Garza (drums) and Andrew Godwin (guitar), contacted McCaddon and said they wanted to play metal again. McCaddon contacted former Society's Finest member, Nick Nowell (bass) and asked him to join their new project, The Famine. Though McCaddon knew people would compare the Famine to Embodyment, he stated that \"We started The Famine because we wanted to get away from the stuff we were playing with Embodyment...\".\n Links: a. Poor Old Lu b. Jon Dunn (musician) c. Project 86 d. Ryan Clark (musician)", "pos": "Question: Who is the oldest person recruited to join Demon Hunter? Passage:In 2003 they took a short break, during which McCaddon decided to leave Society's Finest, and went on to join Demon Hunter. After leaving Society's Finest and Embodyment, Ryan Clark and Don Clark, formerly of Training for Utopia, recruited him, Jesse Sprinkle, formerly of Poor Old Lu, and Jon Dunn (Who would later join Soul Embraced) to join their project, Demon Hunter. Demon Hunter already had an album before he joined. On this album McCaddon had contributed by photography. On his Demon Hunter debut, Summer of Darkness, was great success. In 2005, Ethan Luck, formerly of The O.C. Supertones and Project 86, replaced McCaddon. In 2006, former Embodyment members, Mark Garza (drums) and Andrew Godwin (guitar), contacted McCaddon and said they wanted to play metal again. McCaddon contacted former Society's Finest member, Nick Nowell (bass) and asked him to join their new project, The Famine. Though McCaddon knew people would compare the Famine to Embodyment, he stated that \"We started The Famine because we wanted to get away from the stuff we were playing with Embodyment...\".\n Links: a. Society's Finest b. Society's Finest c. Jon Dunn (musician) d. Demon Hunter", "neg": "Question: What bands had the drummer and bassist that were asked to join Opeth played with before? Passage:Åkerfeldt and Lindgren, the two remaining members of the band, asked drummer Martin Lopez and bassist Martín Méndez to join the band, both of whom accepted. In 1999, they released the concept album Still Life. Steven Wilson joined Opeth in the studio for their fifth album, 2001's Blackwater Park, producing and providing extra backing vocals and instruments. The band supported the album with their first worldwide tour. After promoting the album, Opeth entered the studio again, recording two albums. The first album, Deliverance that was released in 2002, debuted at number 19 on the Top Heatseekers in the United States. The second album, Damnation was released a year later, and peaked at number 192 on the Billboard 200. Per Wiberg joined the band as a keyboardist and recorded Ghost Reveries, which peaked at number 64 on the Billboard 200. Lopez and Lindgren both left Opeth and were replaced by Martin Axenrot and Fredrik Åkesson. In 2008, the band released their ninth studio album Watershed, which debuted at number 23 on the Billboard 200 and peaked at the top of the Finnish charts. Their tenth studio album Heritage which released in 2011, debuted at number 19 on the Billboard 200, at number 2 on the US Hard Rock Albums and at number 6 on the Rock Albums charts, making it highest charting record to date. The album also peaked at number 22 on the UK Albums chart.\n Links: a. Concept album b. Billboard 200 c. Billboard 200 d. Martin Lopez", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}150{"query": "Question: What is the population of the city that hosted the 2015 NACAC Championships? Passage:The United States of America will compete at the 2015 World Championships in Athletics from August 22 to August 30 in Beijing, China. The membership of the team was selected at the 2015 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships. However, membership on the team was subject to the athlete achieving a qualification standard. In addition, champions from the previous World Championships and the 2014 IAAF Diamond League receive an automatic bye. An automatic entry is also available to an Area Champion, the IAAF definition of an Area essentially being the specified continental areas of the world. The United States is part of the North American, Central American and Caribbean Athletic Association, which held its championship August 7–9, 2015 in San Jose, Costa Rica where 20 athletes qualified. The deadline for entries was August 10. The final team membership as submitted to the IAAF was announced on August 10, 2015.\n Links: a. San José, Costa Rica b. San José, Costa Rica c. 2014 IAAF Diamond League d. China", "pos": "Question: Which city that Jackson competed in has the largest population? Passage:Jackson competed at the 2004 World MTB Orienteering Championships in Ballarat, where he won his first world championship gold medal by winning the sprint, ahead of Alain Berger from Switzerland. He won a bronze medal in the long distance, and a bronze medal with the Australian relay team. At the 2005 World Championships in Banska Bystrica he won a bronze medal in the long distance, placed eighth in the middle distance, and seventh with the Australian relay team. At the 2006 Championships in Joensuu he placed sixth in the long distance and seventh in the middle distance. At the Oceania MTB Orienteering Championships in Victoria, Australia in 2007 he won gold medals in both the sprint, the middle distance and the long distance. At the 2008 World MTB Orienteering Championships in Ostróda, he won a gold medal in the middle distance, placed sixth in the sprint, placed sixth in the long distance, and eleventh in the relay. In Ben Shemen in 2009 he became world champion in both the sprint, ahead of Lasse Brun Pedersen, and in the long distance, ahead of Ruslan Gritsan, and placed fifth in the middle distance. At the 2010 World Championships in Montalegre he won a gold medal in the sprint, ahead of Tõnis Erm, a silver medal in the middle distance behind Samuli Saarela, and a silver medal in the long distance behind Anton Foliforov.\n Links: a. Ballarat b. Alain Berger c. Banská Bystrica d. Alain Berger", "neg": "Question: How many teams competed in the tournament held in 2007 to gain a spot in the 2008 Olympics U.S. Men's Basketball Team? Passage:The 2008 Olympics U.S. Men's Basketball Team represented the United States of America at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China. They qualified for the Olympics by winning the FIBA American Championships 2007 held in Las Vegas, Nevada. The team was nicknamed the \"Redeem Team\", a play on an alternative name for the legendary 1992 squad that was called the \"Dream Team\", and a reference to the fact that the United States came away with disappointing Bronze Medals during the 2004 Summer Olympics and the 2006 FIBA World Championship. Kobe Bryant was named the team captain and Mike Krzyzewski was named the head coach of the 2008 team. LeBron James, called the \"voice of the U.S. team\" by Time, stated: \"It's the gold, or it's failure.\" An ESPN program, Road to Redemption, followed the team's preparations.\n Links: a. Basketball at the 2008 Summer Olympics b. 2007 FIBA Americas Championship c. LeBron James d. Las Vegas", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}151{"query": "Question: What year did Breaking Benjamin release their first album? Passage:The American rock band Breaking Benjamin has released six studio albums, one compilation album, three extended plays, 20 singles and 15 music videos. The group has sold over seven million units in the United States alone, with three platinum records, two gold records, two multi-platinum singles, two platinum singles, and five gold singles as designated by the RIAA. The band signed with Hollywood Records in 2002 following the success of their independently-released eponymous EP, and began recording their first full-length major-label debut Saturate shortly thereafter. The record peaked at number two on the US Top Heatseekers chart and number 136 on the US Billboard 200. It was certified gold more than 13 years later. The band's sophomore effort, We Are Not Alone, released in 2004, peaked at number 20 on the US Billboard 200, and was later certified platinum in the United States and gold in New Zealand. Breaking Benjamin's third studio album Phobia was released in 2006 and reached number two on the US Billboard 200, number one on the US Digital Albums chart, number one on the US Top Rock Albums chart, and was certified platinum nearly three years after its release. Breaking Benjamin released their fourth record in late 2009 titled Dear Agony, reaching number one on the US Top Hard Rock Albums and US Top Alternative Albums charts, number two on the US Top Rock Albums and US Digital Albums charts, and number four on the US Billboard 200. The record was certified gold three months after its release and was eventually certified platinum seven years later.\n Links: a. Compilation album b. Breaking Benjamin c. Billboard 200 d. Breaking Benjamin", "pos": "Question: What year was the organization established that certified \"Downfall of Us All\" and album track \"If It Means a Lot to You\" as Gold? Passage:The discography of American rock band A Day to Remember consists of six studio albums, three video albums, three extended plays and thirteen singles. The band signed to Indianola in February 2005 and released their debut album And Their Name Was Treason a few months later. Their second album, For Those Who Have Heart, was released in January 2007 and peaked at number 17 on the Heatseekers Album chart in the US; a re-release charted at number 43 on the Independent Albums chart in the US. Released in February 2009, Homesick charted at number 21 on the Billboard 200 chart and at number 1 on the Independent Albums chart. From the album, only the \"Have Faith in Me\" single charted; at number 40 on the Alternative Songs chart. Second single \"Downfall of Us All\" and album track \"If It Means a Lot to You\" were both certified Gold by the RIAA for 500,000 downloads each. Fourth album What Separates Me from You (2010) debuted at number 11 on the Billboard 200 and its lead single \"All I Want\" peaked at number 12 on the Alternative Songs chart. Fifth album Common Courtesy (2013) was first released only digitally due a legal label dispute; a physical release followed later. The band released their sixth album, Bad Vibrations, in 2016.\n Links: a. Recording Industry Association of America b. Alternative Songs c. Top Heatseekers d. Indianola Records", "neg": "Question: Of System of a Down's double albums to debut at Number 1 in the US, which came first? Passage:The second part of the double album, Hypnotize, was released on November 22, 2005. Like Mezmerize, it debuted at No. 1 in the US, making System of a Down, along with The Beatles, Guns N' Roses, and rappers 2Pac and DMX, the only artists to ever have two studio albums debut at No. 1 in the same year. In February 2006, System of a Down won the Grammy for Best Hard Rock Performance for \"B.Y.O.B.\", beating out other established artists such as Nine Inch Nails and Robert Plant. Their second single off the Hypnotize album, \"Lonely Day\" was released in March in the United States. System of a Down released \"Kill Rock 'N Roll\" and \"Vicinity of Obscenity\" as their next promo singles. The band headlined Ozzfest 2006 in cities where tour founder Ozzy Osbourne opted not to appear or was not playing on the main stage (with the exception of the show at Randall's Island, where Ozzy Osbourne headlined the second stage before System of a Down's performance that night).\n Links: a. Mezmerize (album) b. B.Y.O.B. (song) c. Hypnotize (album) d. Hypnotize (album)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}152{"query": "Question: How big is the city that Cronkite lived in until he was 10? Passage:Cronkite lived in Kansas City, Missouri, until he was ten, when his family moved to Houston, Texas. He attended elementary school at Woodrow Wilson Elementary School, junior high school at Lanier Junior High School (now Lanier Middle School) and high school at San Jacinto High School, where he edited the high school newspaper. He was a member of the Boy Scouts. He attended college at the University of Texas at Austin (UT), entering in the Fall term of 1933, where he worked on the Daily Texan and became a member of the Nu chapter of the Chi Phi Fraternity. He also was a member of the Houston chapter of DeMolay, a Masonic fraternal organization for boys. While attending UT, Cronkite had his first taste of performance, appearing in a play with fellow student Eli Wallach. He dropped out in 1935, not returning for the Fall term, in order to concentrate on journalism.\n Links: a. Boy Scouts of America b. Kansas City, Missouri c. San Jacinto High School (Houston) d. The Daily Texan", "pos": "Question: Did the city he got started in radio at, or the one he moved to subsequently, have a larger population at the time? Passage:Don Bleu (real name Rick Kelleher) is an American retired radio personality and former television host. He grew up in East Grand Forks, Minnesota and began his career in 1966, when his friend Shadoe Stevens encouraged him to try radio. He started at KILO (defunct) in Grand Forks, North Dakota, then moved to KQWB in Fargo, North Dakota. He then moved to the Minneapolis-St. Paul area in 1968 and worked at KDWB for nearly 10 years. His success at KDWB earned him a job at KHJ (AM) in Los Angeles. In 1980, he moved to San Francisco and worked in the adult contemporary radio genre. Most recently, he hosted the Don Bleu Show on KOSF, a music station in San Francisco, California. He was named to the Pavek Museum of Broadcasting's Minnesota Broadcasting Hall of Fame in 2005, and in 2007 he was inducted into the Bay Area Radio Hall of Fame. Bleu initially worked at KIOI until 2011, when he moved to KOSF. He was let go from the latter station and did his last broadcast on June 26, 2015.\n Links: a. Los Angeles b. Grand Forks, North Dakota c. California Historical Radio Society d. East Grand Forks, Minnesota", "neg": "Question: Is the Houston Chronicle a bigger news paper than the Detroit Free Press, Newsday, and Knight Ridder? Passage:Friedman graduated from the University of Houston with a degree in philosophy in 1956. During his career, he wrote for the Houston Chronicle, the Detroit Free Press, Newsday, and for Knight Ridder newspapers. He won a 1963 Nieman Fellowship. His work landed him on the master list of Nixon political opponents. He was one member of a team that covered the 1967 Detroit riot for the Detroit Free Press. Next year they shared the Pulitzer Prize in Local General or Spot News Reporting (a predecessor of the Breaking News Pulitzer), citing \"both the brilliance of its detailed spot news staff work and its swift and accurate investigation into the underlying causes of the tragedy.\" Friedman also taught national and foreign affairs reporting at the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism for a year. In 1985, Friedman and his family moved to Edgewater, Maryland, where Friedman worked as a White House correspondent. Friedman began working for Newsday, although he left to spend five months in South Africa teaching journalists. After his return, Friedman wrote a weekly column called \"Gray Matters\" that covered issues affecting older people. After working there for more than twenty years, he quit Newsday in October 2009 over its decision to charge for its web content. He began publishing his column in November 2009 in Time Goes By, a blog.\n Links: a. South Africa b. Newsday c. Houston Chronicle d. White House press corps", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}153{"query": "Question: In what manner was the book Hersey wrote that further criticizes the school system written in the form of? Passage:His article about the dullness of grammar school readers in a 1954 issue of Life magazine, \"Why Do Students Bog Down on First R? A Local Committee Sheds Light on a National Problem: Reading\" was the inspiration for Dr. Seuss's juvenile story The Cat in the Hat. Further criticisms of the school system came with The Child Buyer (1960), a speculative-fiction novel. Hersey also wrote The Algiers Motel Incident, about a racially motivated shooting by police during the 12th Street Riot in Detroit, Michigan, during July 1967. Hersey's first novel A Bell for Adano, about the Allied occupation of a Sicilian town during World War II, won the Pulitzer Prize for the Novel in 1945, and was adapted into the 1945 movie A Bell for Adano directed by Henry King, featuring John Hodiak and Gene Tierney. His 1956 short novel, A Single Pebble is the tale of a young American engineer traveling up the Yangtze on a river junk during the 1920s and discovering that his romantic concepts of China bring disaster. His 1965 novel, White Lotus, is exploration of the African American experience prior to civil rights as reflected in an alternate history in which white Americans are enslaved by the Chinese after losing \"the Great War\" to them.\n Links: a. Basal reader b. Basal reader c. The Child Buyer d. Pulitzer Prize for Fiction", "pos": "Question: What was one of the books written by the author Kapp knew from his time as a student? Passage:Kapp received his Abitur from Gymnasium “Hammonense”, the same educational institution where his father held the position of principal. Between 1842 and 1844, Kapp studied law and philosophy at the University of Heidelberg. There, at his uncle Christian Kapp's (1798–1874) house, he met the philosopher Ludwig Feuerbach. Not only did they become close friends; Feuerbach's criticism of religion, which also strongly influenced Karl Marx, had a great impact on Kapp's attitude towards life as well. Other acquaintances from his time as a student were Ludwig Bamberger (1823–1899), who would later become a banker, the author Berthold Auerbach (1812–1882) of Heidelberg and the poet Bettina von Arnim (1785–1859) of Berlin. From 1844 on, Kapp studied at the University of Berlin and voluntarily served in the army for one year. In Berlin, he was already working as a journalist for the utopian socialist magazine called \"Westfälisches Dampfboot\" (\"Westfalian Steamboat\").\n Links: a. Philosophy b. Heidelberg University c. Berthold Auerbach d. Humboldt University of Berlin", "neg": "Question: What novel did one of the people strongly influenced by Feuerbach write, which was used heavily in politics? Passage:Kapp received his Abitur from Gymnasium “Hammonense”, the same educational institution where his father held the position of principal. Between 1842 and 1844, Kapp studied law and philosophy at the University of Heidelberg. There, at his uncle Christian Kapp's (1798–1874) house, he met the philosopher Ludwig Feuerbach. Not only did they become close friends; Feuerbach's criticism of religion, which also strongly influenced Karl Marx, had a great impact on Kapp's attitude towards life as well. Other acquaintances from his time as a student were Ludwig Bamberger (1823–1899), who would later become a banker, the author Berthold Auerbach (1812–1882) of Heidelberg and the poet Bettina von Arnim (1785–1859) of Berlin. From 1844 on, Kapp studied at the University of Berlin and voluntarily served in the army for one year. In Berlin, he was already working as a journalist for the utopian socialist magazine called \"Westfälisches Dampfboot\" (\"Westfalian Steamboat\").\n Links: a. Ludwig Feuerbach b. Berlin c. Ludwig Bamberger d. Karl Marx", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}154{"query": "Question: What team did Nick Foles play for when Minshew made his debut? Passage:On September 8, 2019, Minshew made his NFL debut against the Kansas City Chiefs when starter Nick Foles was taken out of the game due to a shoulder injury. He completed 22 of 25 passes for 275 yards, two touchdowns and an interception in the 40–26 loss. Minshew's pass completion percentage of 88% is the highest of any player making his debut in NFL history (minimum 15 pass attempts, since at least 1950), and also the highest single-game pass completion percentage in Jaguars history. Minshew was named the starter going forward after it was revealed that Foles had suffered a broken clavicle. During Week 2 against the Houston Texans, Minshew finished with 213 passing yards and a touchdown along with 56 rushing yards as the Jaguars lost 13–12. In Week 3, against the Tennessee Titans on Thursday Night Football, he earned his first victory as a professional. He passed for 204 yards and two touchdowns in the 20–7 victory. In Week 4, against the Denver Broncos, he passed for 213 yards and two touchdowns in the 26–24 victory. Late in the game, he engineered a drive that helped set up the Jaguars' game-winning field goal by Josh Lambo. During Week 5 against the Carolina Panthers, Minshew finished with 374 passing yards and two touchdowns as the Jaguars lost 27–34. After a Week 6 loss to the New Orleans Saints and a Week 7 victory over the Cincinnati Bengals, he had 279 passing yards and three passing touchdowns in a 29–15 victory over the New York Jets. During Week 9 against the Texans at Wembley Stadium, Minshew finished with 309 passing yards and 2 interceptions as the Jaguars lost 3–26. Days later, it was announced that Minshew would resume the backup role after Foles returned from his collar bone injury.\n Links: a. Nick Foles b. Nick Foles c. Wembley Stadium d. 2019 Houston Texans season", "pos": "Question: Which team had the better record in the 2019-2020 season, the team Minshew played in Week 2 or the team he played against in Week 3? Passage:On September 8, 2019, Minshew made his NFL debut against the Kansas City Chiefs when starter Nick Foles was taken out of the game due to a shoulder injury. He completed 22 of 25 passes for 275 yards, two touchdowns and an interception in the 40–26 loss. Minshew's pass completion percentage of 88% is the highest of any player making his debut in NFL history (minimum 15 pass attempts, since at least 1950), and also the highest single-game pass completion percentage in Jaguars history. Minshew was named the starter going forward after it was revealed that Foles had suffered a broken clavicle. During Week 2 against the Houston Texans, Minshew finished with 213 passing yards and a touchdown along with 56 rushing yards as the Jaguars lost 13–12. In Week 3, against the Tennessee Titans on Thursday Night Football, he earned his first victory as a professional. He passed for 204 yards and two touchdowns in the 20–7 victory. In Week 4, against the Denver Broncos, he passed for 213 yards and two touchdowns in the 26–24 victory. Late in the game, he engineered a drive that helped set up the Jaguars' game-winning field goal by Josh Lambo. During Week 5 against the Carolina Panthers, Minshew finished with 374 passing yards and two touchdowns as the Jaguars lost 27–34. After a Week 6 loss to the New Orleans Saints and a Week 7 victory over the Cincinnati Bengals, he had 279 passing yards and three passing touchdowns in a 29–15 victory over the New York Jets. During Week 9 against the Texans at Wembley Stadium, Minshew finished with 309 passing yards and 2 interceptions as the Jaguars lost 3–26. Days later, it was announced that Minshew would resume the backup role after Foles returned from his collar bone injury.\n Links: a. 2019 Houston Texans season b. 2019 Houston Texans season c. Wembley Stadium d. Josh Lambo", "neg": "Question: Which team had more losses, the team Minshew lost to in Week 6, or the team Minshew was victorious over in Week 7? Passage:On September 8, 2019, Minshew made his NFL debut against the Kansas City Chiefs when starter Nick Foles was taken out of the game due to a shoulder injury. He completed 22 of 25 passes for 275 yards, two touchdowns and an interception in the 40–26 loss. Minshew's pass completion percentage of 88% is the highest of any player making his debut in NFL history (minimum 15 pass attempts, since at least 1950), and also the highest single-game pass completion percentage in Jaguars history. Minshew was named the starter going forward after it was revealed that Foles had suffered a broken clavicle. During Week 2 against the Houston Texans, Minshew finished with 213 passing yards and a touchdown along with 56 rushing yards as the Jaguars lost 13–12. In Week 3, against the Tennessee Titans on Thursday Night Football, he earned his first victory as a professional. He passed for 204 yards and two touchdowns in the 20–7 victory. In Week 4, against the Denver Broncos, he passed for 213 yards and two touchdowns in the 26–24 victory. Late in the game, he engineered a drive that helped set up the Jaguars' game-winning field goal by Josh Lambo. During Week 5 against the Carolina Panthers, Minshew finished with 374 passing yards and two touchdowns as the Jaguars lost 27–34. After a Week 6 loss to the New Orleans Saints and a Week 7 victory over the Cincinnati Bengals, he had 279 passing yards and three passing touchdowns in a 29–15 victory over the New York Jets. During Week 9 against the Texans at Wembley Stadium, Minshew finished with 309 passing yards and 2 interceptions as the Jaguars lost 3–26. Days later, it was announced that Minshew would resume the backup role after Foles returned from his collar bone injury.\n Links: a. 2019 Cincinnati Bengals season b. 2019 New Orleans Saints season c. Nick Foles d. Josh Lambo", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}155{"query": "Question: Which team won more games the year Cowan started with the Rams, the Vikings or the Cowboys? Passage:Charles Edward Cowan (June 19, 1938 in Braeholm, West Virginia – April 29, 1998 in Los Angeles, California) was an American football offensive tackle who played fifteen seasons in the National Football League with the Los Angeles Rams from 1961 to 1975. Cowan was a huge intimidating presence on the left of Tom Mack, a member of the Pro Football Hall of Fame, from 1966 to 1975, forming a potent left side of the offensive line, with help from Ken Iman at center from 1965 to 1975. In that 1961 to 1975 span, the Rams made the playoffs 5 times (1967,1969,1973,1974,1975), reaching the NFC championship game of the 1974-75 NFL playoffs and the 1975-76 NFL playoffs, but losing to the Minnesota Vikings and to the Dallas Cowboys, respectively. In the 1974 divisional round, the Rams defeated the Washington Redskins, as Cowan was successful against the opposing the right defensive end Verlon Biggs. In the 1975 divisional round, Doug France started in his place as the Rams defeated the St. Louis Cardinals. Cowan came back to play against the Cowboys, his final game, as the Rams could not get past them. Cowan was replaced by Doug France in 1976.\n Links: a. Minnesota Vikings b. Doug France c. Dallas Cowboys d. St. Louis Cardinals", "pos": "Question: What state was the team in that first drafted Jones? Passage:Jones was selected by the Dallas Cowboys in the first round (24th overall) of the 1992 NFL Draft, becoming the first player from East Carolina University to be drafted that high. The team moved Ken Norton Jr. to outside linebacker, allowing him to become the second rookie (Eugene Lockhart) in Cowboys history to start at middle linebacker, and the second rookie (Lee Roy Jordan) linebacker in franchise history to start in a season-opener. He helped the Cowboys establish the top defense in the league in 1992, was named NFC rookie of the year and was selected to the NFL All-rookie team. He started 13 out of 15 games, posting 108 tackles (second on the team), one sack, 2 tackles for loss, 4 quarterback pressures, one pass defensed and one fumble recovery. He had 16 tackles against both the Philadelphia Eagles and Kansas City Chiefs.\n Links: a. Philadelphia Eagles b. 1992 NFL season c. Dallas Cowboys d. Dallas Cowboys", "neg": "Question: How many games did the Los Angeles Rams win the last year Cowan played for them? Passage:Charles Edward Cowan (June 19, 1938 in Braeholm, West Virginia – April 29, 1998 in Los Angeles, California) was an American football offensive tackle who played fifteen seasons in the National Football League with the Los Angeles Rams from 1961 to 1975. Cowan was a huge intimidating presence on the left of Tom Mack, a member of the Pro Football Hall of Fame, from 1966 to 1975, forming a potent left side of the offensive line, with help from Ken Iman at center from 1965 to 1975. In that 1961 to 1975 span, the Rams made the playoffs 5 times (1967,1969,1973,1974,1975), reaching the NFC championship game of the 1974-75 NFL playoffs and the 1975-76 NFL playoffs, but losing to the Minnesota Vikings and to the Dallas Cowboys, respectively. In the 1974 divisional round, the Rams defeated the Washington Redskins, as Cowan was successful against the opposing the right defensive end Verlon Biggs. In the 1975 divisional round, Doug France started in his place as the Rams defeated the St. Louis Cardinals. Cowan came back to play against the Cowboys, his final game, as the Rams could not get past them. Cowan was replaced by Doug France in 1976.\n Links: a. Los Angeles Rams b. West Virginia c. Tom Mack d. Tom Mack", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}156{"query": "Question: Which continent where the 420 class racing vessels are popular currently has the larger population? Passage:Yachting has a long and prolific history in the area. New Silver Anchorage was dredged from Wild Harbor in the 1920s to shelter Beetle Cat boats which had become popular among the Cape Cod elite. Prior to the Second World War organized sailing flourished out of Wild Harbor, however U-Boat hysteria during the war led to dwindling popularity. On August 30, 1953, the Wild Harbor Yacht Club was formed on Wickertree Road to primarily serve New Silver and its constituent communities. The Club was incorporated by the United States Sailing Association the following year. A Widgeon fleet was organized in 1979 which brought the sport of sailing back into regional popularity. The club clinched the Southern Massachusetts Beetle Cat championship in 1981, 1982, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, and 1989. In 1990 the club focused its junior sailing on the new 420 class racing vessels which were already popular in Europe and Australia. Wild Harbor is a regional powerhouse and dominates the north shore of Buzzards Bay and competes competitively in the Southern Massachusetts Sailing Grand Prix. Wild Harbor has produced three collegiate all-Americans and a member of the 2000 US International 470 team.\n Links: a. U-boat b. Australia c. Europe d. Buzzards Bay", "pos": "Question: Which of the sovereign island nations of Africa is the largest? Passage:The islands of Africa can be subdivided into Indian Ocean Islands and Atlantic Ocean Islands. The largest number of islands of Africa are found in the Indian Ocean, with the sovereign island nations of Comoros, Seychelles, Mauritius and Madagascar located off the southeastern seaboard of Africa being the most notable. The French overseas territories of Mayotte and Réunion are also located nearby. The medium-sized islands of Zanzibar and Lamu of Tanzania and Kenya, respectively, are also located in the Indian Ocean, in addition to smaller islands off the coasts of other continental countries. In the Atlantic seaboard, the largest islands are Cape Verde off the coast of West Africa and Sao Tome and Principe off the southwestern seaboard. In the Atlantic Ocean, the island of Malabo and other smaller islands of Equatorial Guinea are also notable. The Canary Islands and other territories of Spain are present in the Mediterranean Sea in the north Atlantic Ocean, and the British possessions of Saint Helena, Ascension Island, and Tristan da Cunha are located off the southwestern seaboard of the continent.\n Links: a. Seychelles b. Zanzibar c. Comoros d. Cape Verde", "neg": "Question: Which animal population that the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972 protects has the larger numbers? Passage:Great Australian Bight Marine National Park is a marine protected area in the Australian state of South Australia located west of the state capital of Adelaide. The national park was proclaimed under the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972 (SA) by the South Australian Government on 26 September 1996 principally to protect the calving waters of the Southern right whale and the Australian sea lion populations. It consists of two sections occupying the ocean immediately adjoining the coastline up to a distance of and extending from the Western Australia border in the west to a locality known as the Tchalingaby Sandhills in the east. The gap between the two sections is also a protected area known as the Great Australian Bight Marine Park Whale Sanctuary which was proclaimed on 22 June 1995 under the Fisheries Act 1982 (SA). The national park is also part of the group of marine protected areas which are located together in waters within Australian and South Australian jurisdictions within the Great Australian Bight and which is collectively known as the Great Australian Bight Marine Park. Since late 2012, the national park and the whale sanctuary have also been within the boundaries of the Far West Coast Marine Park.\n Links: a. Great Australian Bight Marine Park b. Southern right whale c. Government of South Australia d. Protected areas of South Australia", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}157{"query": "Question: How old was Nusslein-Volhard when she won the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine? Passage:The concept of the morphogen has a long history in developmental biology, dating back to the work of the pioneering Drosophila (fruit fly) geneticist, Thomas Hunt Morgan, in the early 20th century. Lewis Wolpert refined the morphogen concept in the 1960s with the French flag model, which described how a morphogen could subdivide a tissue into domains of different target gene expression (corresponding to the colours of the French flag). This model was championed by the leading Drosophila biologist, Peter Lawrence. Christiane Nusslein-Volhard was the first to identify a morphogen, Bicoid, one of the transcription factors present in a gradient in the Drosophila syncitial embryo. She was awarded the 1995 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine for her work explaining the morphogenic embryology of the common fruit fly. Groups led by Gary Struhl and Stephen Cohen then demonstrated that a secreted signalling protein, Decapentaplegic (the Drosophila homologue of transforming growth factor beta), acted as a morphogen during the later stages of Drosophila development.\n Links: a. Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard b. Lewis Wolpert c. Lewis Wolpert d. Transcription factor", "pos": "Question: What year was the organization founded that Mukhopadhyay moved to after working for the Central Drug Research Institute? Passage:Born on the New Year's Day of 1966 at Khargapur in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh, Sangita Mukhopadhyay completed her MSc with a gold medal and did her doctoral studies at the Regional Medical Research Center, Bhubaneswar which fetched her a Phd from Utkal University in 1998 for her thesis on immunoregulation in filariasis. Subsequently, she did the post-doctoral work at the National Institute of Immunology and, later, in U.S.A. at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston. On her return to India, she joined the Central Drug Research Institute in 1999 and after a short stint, moved to the Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD). She later became the head of the Molecular Biology Group at the Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the institute and holds the position of a Grade IV staff scientist. At her laboratory, she hosts many research scholars who are involved in the studies in the disciplines of cell signaling and signal transduction, immunity, macrophage biology and tuberculosis.\n Links: a. Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics b. Filariasis c. Macrophage d. National Institute of Immunology, India", "neg": "Question: Who were the other winners of Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine the same year Nusslein-Volhard won? Passage:The concept of the morphogen has a long history in developmental biology, dating back to the work of the pioneering Drosophila (fruit fly) geneticist, Thomas Hunt Morgan, in the early 20th century. Lewis Wolpert refined the morphogen concept in the 1960s with the French flag model, which described how a morphogen could subdivide a tissue into domains of different target gene expression (corresponding to the colours of the French flag). This model was championed by the leading Drosophila biologist, Peter Lawrence. Christiane Nusslein-Volhard was the first to identify a morphogen, Bicoid, one of the transcription factors present in a gradient in the Drosophila syncitial embryo. She was awarded the 1995 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine for her work explaining the morphogenic embryology of the common fruit fly. Groups led by Gary Struhl and Stephen Cohen then demonstrated that a secreted signalling protein, Decapentaplegic (the Drosophila homologue of transforming growth factor beta), acted as a morphogen during the later stages of Drosophila development.\n Links: a. Gene expression b. Genetics c. French flag model d. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}158{"query": "Question: How old was Luke Perry when he co-starred in Windfall with Parrilla? Passage:In 2006, Parrilla starred in the NBC summer series Windfall alongside Luke Perry, fellow former 24 cast member Sarah Wynter, and Parilla's former Boomtown castmate Jason Gedrick. In 2007, she guest starred as Greta during the third season of ABC's Lost in the episodes \"Greatest Hits\" and \"Through the Looking Glass\" In 2008, she had a leading role on the Lifetime movie The Double Life of Eleanor Kendall, in which she played Nellie, a divorcee whose identity has been stolen. Also in 2008, she starred in the CBS summer series Swingtown as Trina Decker, a woman who is part of a Swinging couple. In 2010, Parrilla had a female lead role in the Jerry Bruckheimer-produced Miami Medical on CBS, which had a short run towards the end of the 2009–10 television season before it was canceled in July 2010. Windfall, Swingtown and Miami Medical were all canceled after 13 episodes.\n Links: a. Greatest Hits (Lost) b. Luke Perry c. CBS d. Swingtown", "pos": "Question: Who starred in Family Matters? Passage:Payton's big break came when she was cast as Harriet Winslow, the elevator operator on the ABC sitcom 'Perfect Strangers in 1987. Her performance was so well received by audiences that she was given her own sitcom, Family Matters, in 1989. Continuing her character Harriette Winslow from Perfect Strangers, she played a mother in an African-American middle-class family living in Chicago, Illinois. Payton left Family Matters partway through its final season, appearing for the last time on December 19, 1997. Payton's character was played by Judyann Elder in the show's remaining eight episodes. In 2002, Payton appeared on the \"TV Moms\" episode of the Anne Robinson version of The Weakest Link, and was the third one voted off. In 2003, Payton and her daughter appeared on a Mother's Day episode of Lingo, playing against fellow TV mom Meredith Baxter and her daughter. Baxter and her daughter won. In 2005, Jo Marie Payton provided the voice of Suga Mama in The Proud Family Movie. Her other television credits include Desperate Housewives, Reba, Girlfriends, Wanda at Large, Judging Amy, The Parkers, Will & Grace, The Hughleys, 7th Heaven, Moesha, The Jamie Foxx Show, 227, Silver Spoons, Small Wonder and The New Odd Couple. She also appeared in the Canadian TV mini series The Rev as Mama. In 2005, Payton co-hosted the 15th Annual NAACP Theatre Awards with Glynn Turman. In August 2009, Payton appeared on Meet the Browns as Shirley Van Owen. Payton recently hosted her own show on the Hometeam Network, Second Chance with Jomarie Payton. In 2012, Payton was in the GMC TV movie special From This Day Forward.\n Links: a. Girlfriends (2000 TV series) b. Family Matters c. Reba (TV series) d. The Jamie Foxx Show", "neg": "Question: How much money did Disney make the year Parrish was featured in Geppetto? Passage:In 2000, Parrish was featured in Disney's live-action television film based on the Pinocchio story, Geppetto, portraying the role of Natalie. She then went on to appear as Vanessa in The WB's short-lived sitcom The O'Keefes. Parrish also appeared in shows and made-for-television films on the Disney Channel, and also guest starred in Fox's sitcom The Bernie Mac Show, Nickelodeon's children's comedy-drama series Zoey 101, and Fox's teen drama series The O.C.. Parrish then portrayed Bratz member Jade in the 2007 live-action film Bratz. The role was her first in a motion picture, as well as her first starring role. In May 2007, shortly before the release of Bratz, she was signed to the William Morris Agency. She then landed a recurring role in the NBC supernatural drama series Heroes.\n Links: a. The Bernie Mac Show b. Heroes (American TV series) c. The Bernie Mac Show d. Walt Disney Pictures", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}159{"query": "Question: What kind of aircraft were leased? Passage:In addition to withdrawing from the prestigious long-haul routes to New York and Los Angeles after only 18 months, other specific measures the airline took at the time to ensure its survival included dropping all scheduled flights to Belfast, Copenhagen, Gibraltar, Ibiza, Málaga, Palma de Mallorca and Tunis, indefinitely suspending scheduled services on the Glasgow—Southampton route as well as cutting the number of frequencies on the Gatwick—Glasgow and Gatwick—Edinburgh routes from six to four daily round trips. Two surplus aircraft were leased out to Air Malta and Austrian Airlines respectively for the duration of the 1975 summer timetable period. Another aircraft was stationed at West Berlin's Tegel Airport during the month of July of that year to fulfill a short-term charter contract to carry Turkish migrant workers to and from Istanbul on behalf of a local tour operator. BCal also decided to increase its 707 freighter fleet from one to four aircraft and to acquire a five-seater Piper Aztec to serve the rapidly growing executive charter market. These changes left BCal with 25 operational aircraft for the 1975 summer season. To reduce operating costs further, the airline decided to contract out its scheduled operations between Gatwick and Le Touquet to BIA. The reason for replacing BCal's One-Eleven 200 jet aircraft on this route with that airline's Herald turboprops at the beginning of the 1975 summer timetable period was the high price of jet fuel, which had made BCal's own jet aircraft operations uneconomic.\n Links: a. Ibiza b. Air Malta c. Austrian Airlines d. Turkish people", "pos": "Question: How many more passengers could fly on the Dash 7 compared with the Fokker F27 Friendship? Passage:Time Air was a regional airline that initiated operations in Lethbridge. Founded in 1966 as Lethbridge Air Service, Time Air flew a variety of turboprop aircraft and also operated jet service as well with Fokker F28 Fellowship twin jets. In February 1976, the Official Airline Guide (OAG) listed up to eight round trip flights a day operated by Time Air nonstop between Lethbridge and Calgary with Fokker F27 Friendship and de Havilland Twin Otter turboprops. According to the November 15, 1979 edition of the OAG, Time Air was operating up to ten flights a day nonstop to Calgary with DHC-6 Twin Otter and Short 330 turboprop aircraft. By April 1985, the airline was operating larger Dash 7 turboprops on the Lethbridge-Calgary route in addition to the Short 330 aircraft with up to nine flights a day. In 1995, Time Air was flying the Fokker F28 twin jet on a daily basis between Calgary and Lethbridge in addition to other flights operated on the route with Dash 8 turboprops. This appears to have been one of the few times that Lethbridge had scheduled passenger jet service. Time Air was also flying at this time as a Canadian Partner air carrier as part of a code sharing agreement with Canadian Airlines International (formerly CP Air). There was also competition on the Lethbridge-Calgary route at this time as Air BC was operating Dash 8 turboprops as an Air Canada Connector air carrier via a code sharing agreement with Air Canada. Air BC also operated British Aerospace BAe Jetstream 31 between Lethbridge and Calgary at one point. Time Air operated other flights as well from Lethbridge including direct service to Vancouver via an intermediate stop in either Kelowna or Penticton, British Columbia during the 1980s and also nonstop service in 1988 to Great Falls, Montana. In 1993, Time Air and Ontario Express began operating as Canadian Regional Airlines on behalf of Canadian Airlines International which then eventually acquired Time Air and merged the airline with Ontario Express. By 1999, Time Air was operating Dash 8 turboprops as well as Fairchild Swearingen Metroliner on its flights to Calgary as Canadian Regional while Alberta Citylink was flying BAe Jetstream 31 turboprops on its services to Calgary as Air Canada Connector.\n Links: a. Canadian Airlines b. Fokker F27 Friendship c. De Havilland Canada Dash 8 d. Alberta Citylink", "neg": "Question: What were jet fuel prices in 1975? Passage:In addition to withdrawing from the prestigious long-haul routes to New York and Los Angeles after only 18 months, other specific measures the airline took at the time to ensure its survival included dropping all scheduled flights to Belfast, Copenhagen, Gibraltar, Ibiza, Málaga, Palma de Mallorca and Tunis, indefinitely suspending scheduled services on the Glasgow—Southampton route as well as cutting the number of frequencies on the Gatwick—Glasgow and Gatwick—Edinburgh routes from six to four daily round trips. Two surplus aircraft were leased out to Air Malta and Austrian Airlines respectively for the duration of the 1975 summer timetable period. Another aircraft was stationed at West Berlin's Tegel Airport during the month of July of that year to fulfill a short-term charter contract to carry Turkish migrant workers to and from Istanbul on behalf of a local tour operator. BCal also decided to increase its 707 freighter fleet from one to four aircraft and to acquire a five-seater Piper Aztec to serve the rapidly growing executive charter market. These changes left BCal with 25 operational aircraft for the 1975 summer season. To reduce operating costs further, the airline decided to contract out its scheduled operations between Gatwick and Le Touquet to BIA. The reason for replacing BCal's One-Eleven 200 jet aircraft on this route with that airline's Herald turboprops at the beginning of the 1975 summer timetable period was the high price of jet fuel, which had made BCal's own jet aircraft operations uneconomic.\n Links: a. Handley Page Dart Herald b. Tunis c. Operating cost d. Jet fuel", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}160{"query": "Question: Which of the players that Gray was traded to the Indians for had a longer career with the Rangers? Passage:Before the 1980 season began, the Rangers traded Gray, Mike Bucci, and Larry McCall to the Cleveland Indians for David Clyde and Jim Norris. That year, he hit .148 in 28 games with Cleveland, and spent most of the year with the Tacoma Tigers. The following offseason, he was picked up by the Seattle Mariners in the Rule 5 Draft, as manager Rene Lachemann watched Gray play in the Pacific Coast League and wanted him in the starting lineup. He had his best season in 1981, splitting time at first base with starter Bruce Bochte and hitting 13 home runs in just 208 at bats. The next season, he hit .257 in a career high 80 games. After the season, his contract was sold to the California Angels. He played from 1983 to 1987 in the Mexican League, primarily with the Rieleros de Aguascalientes, before retiring from baseball.\n Links: a. David Clyde b. At bat c. Rene Lachemann d. Bruce Bochte", "pos": "Question: Which of the players that were brought in to replace the departing players for the Cardinals was the oldest? Passage:The new season brought a Cardinals team that was much changed from the one that went 100-62 in 2005 but fell to the Houston Astros in the NLCS. Starting pitcher Matt Morris, second baseman Mark Grudzielanek, left fielder Reggie Sanders, and relief pitcher Julián Tavárez left the team via free agency. Relief pitcher Ray King was traded to Colorado. Right fielder Larry Walker retired. Brought in to replace the departed Cardinals were right fielder Juan Encarnación, starting pitcher Sidney Ponson, relief pitchers Braden Looper and Ricardo Rincón, all via free agency, and second baseman Aaron Miles, acquired in the Ray King trade. Left field was left unsettled in the offseason and would remain so all year, with no player getting more than one-third of the playing time at that position.\n Links: a. Juan Encarnación b. Houston Astros c. Ricardo Rincón d. Mark Grudzielanek", "neg": "Question: How many different MLB teams did the player who had nine hits, all singles, and a .529 batting average play for throughout his career? Passage:On the mound, the Reds relied on left-handers Don Gullett and Fred Norman to pacify the Yankee hitters in Games 1 and 2, respectively. Gullett had come back from a mid-season injury to start Game 1 but had to leave the game in the eighth inning due to a twisted ankle while Norman out-pitched ace Hunter in Game 2. Game 3 in New York pitted effective 1976 NL Rookie of the Year Pat Zachry for the Reds against newly acquired Yankee, Dock Ellis. Ellis only lasted innings, exiting in the fourth after a home run by Driessen. Game 4 was delayed a day due to rain, but the Reds were ready for the sweep. Bench's two-run home run gave the Reds a 3–1 lead. In the bottom of the eighth, a frustrated Billy Martin threw a baseball from the dugout onto the field towards home plate umpire Bill Deegan, causing his ejection from the game. In the ninth, Bench's second home run followed by back-to-back doubles by César Gerónimo and Dave Concepción made the score 7–2 and essentially blew the game open. The Cincinnati Reds outscored the New York Yankees, 22–8, and became the first NL team to repeat as World Champions since the 1921–1922 New York Giants. The Reds did not make a single offensive or defensive substitution (save pitching changes) during the entire series. Bench would claim the MVP of the series hitting .533 with two home runs and six runs batted in. His catching counterpart, Thurman Munson, had nine hits, all singles, and a .529 batting average.\n Links: a. Fred Norman b. Catfish Hunter c. Cincinnati Reds d. Thurman Munson", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}161{"query": "Question: Which country did the Mets' starting pitcher who played in the 1999 National League Championship Series come from? Passage:The game began shortly after 4 p.m. with Greg Maddux pitching for Atlanta and Masato Yoshii starting for the Mets. The Mets took an early 2–0 lead in the bottom of the first inning as John Olerud hit his second home run in as many days with Rickey Henderson on first. The lead lasted into the fourth inning, when Atlanta struck back with consecutive doubles by Bret Boone and Chipper Jones, eventually knotting the score at 2–2 when Brian Jordan singled home Jones. Mets Manager Bobby Valentine was immediately prompted to remove Yoshii from the game in favor of Orel Hershiser, which began a run on pitching changes that resulted in the Mets emptying their bullpen by game's end, relying on starter Kenny Rogers and rookie Octavio Dotel for key innings, and might have gone to Game 4's starter Rick Reed had the game progressed past the fifteenth inning. In all, the Mets used a postseason record nine pitchers in this game.\n Links: a. Masato Yoshii b. Masato Yoshii c. Masato Yoshii d. Octavio Dotel", "pos": "Question: Has the the team against which Duda hit three home runs on July 29 ever played in a World Series? Passage:On July 29, during a 7–3 loss to the San Diego Padres, Duda became the eleventh Mets player to hit three home runs in a single game, and only the second Met to do so at home after Kirk Nieuwenhuis had accomplished the feat less than a month before. Duda set a Mets franchise record on August 1 when eight of his consecutive hits came in the form of home runs; he and teammate Noah Syndergaard were named National League Co-Players of the Week for the week ending on August 2. On September 26, Duda hit his first career grand slam in the Mets' 10–2 victory over the Cincinnati Reds. That victory clinched the NL East division title for the New York Mets. On the final day of the season, Duda was hit by a pitch from the Washington Nationals' Tanner Roark, giving him 14 total HBP on the season and breaking the Mets single season record, previously shared by John Olerud and Ron Hunt. For the season, he had the highest fly ball percentage (50.6%), and the lowest ground ball percentage (27.4%), of all major league hitters.\n Links: a. San Diego Padres b. Major League Baseball Player of the Week Award c. San Diego Padres d. San Diego Padres", "neg": "Question: Is Orel Hershier younger than the Mets player he replaced during the 1999 National League Championship Series? Passage:The game began shortly after 4 p.m. with Greg Maddux pitching for Atlanta and Masato Yoshii starting for the Mets. The Mets took an early 2–0 lead in the bottom of the first inning as John Olerud hit his second home run in as many days with Rickey Henderson on first. The lead lasted into the fourth inning, when Atlanta struck back with consecutive doubles by Bret Boone and Chipper Jones, eventually knotting the score at 2–2 when Brian Jordan singled home Jones. Mets Manager Bobby Valentine was immediately prompted to remove Yoshii from the game in favor of Orel Hershiser, which began a run on pitching changes that resulted in the Mets emptying their bullpen by game's end, relying on starter Kenny Rogers and rookie Octavio Dotel for key innings, and might have gone to Game 4's starter Rick Reed had the game progressed past the fifteenth inning. In all, the Mets used a postseason record nine pitchers in this game.\n Links: a. Rickey Henderson b. Masato Yoshii c. Masato Yoshii d. Orel Hershiser", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}162{"query": "Question: In what city was Watson a laboratory staff member from 1957 to 1981? Passage:Watson graduated in 1943 with BS in electrical engineering from Iowa State College. From 1943 to 1946 he was a researcher at the United States Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, D.C. During his work for the U.S. Navy he went to night school at George Washington University. He graduated from the University of Iowa with Ph.D. in 1948 with thesis The polarizability of the meson-charge cloud of a neutron in an external electrostatic field. He was from 1948 to 1949 an Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) Fellow at the Institute for Advanced Study and from 1949 to 1951 an AEC Fellow at the Berkeley Radiation Laboratory. He was from 1951 to 1954 an assistant professor of physics at Indiana University and from 1954 to 1957 an associate professor of physics at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. In 1953 he was elected a fellow of the American Physical Society. From 1957 to 1981 he was a staff member of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, as well as a professor of physics at the University of California, Berkeley. In 1974 he was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences. From 1981 to 1991 he was the director of the Marine Physical Laboratory, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, as well as a professor of physical oceanography at the University of California, San Diego. In 1991 he retired as professor emeritus. His doctoral students include Shang-keng Ma.\n Links: a. George Washington University b. University of Iowa c. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory d. American Physical Society", "pos": "Question: Where is the organization to which Watson was elected in 1974 headquartered?  Passage:Watson graduated in 1943 with BS in electrical engineering from Iowa State College. From 1943 to 1946 he was a researcher at the United States Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, D.C. During his work for the U.S. Navy he went to night school at George Washington University. He graduated from the University of Iowa with Ph.D. in 1948 with thesis The polarizability of the meson-charge cloud of a neutron in an external electrostatic field. He was from 1948 to 1949 an Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) Fellow at the Institute for Advanced Study and from 1949 to 1951 an AEC Fellow at the Berkeley Radiation Laboratory. He was from 1951 to 1954 an assistant professor of physics at Indiana University and from 1954 to 1957 an associate professor of physics at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. In 1953 he was elected a fellow of the American Physical Society. From 1957 to 1981 he was a staff member of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, as well as a professor of physics at the University of California, Berkeley. In 1974 he was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences. From 1981 to 1991 he was the director of the Marine Physical Laboratory, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, as well as a professor of physical oceanography at the University of California, San Diego. In 1991 he retired as professor emeritus. His doctoral students include Shang-keng Ma.\n Links: a. University of California, San Diego b. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory c. National Academy of Sciences d. Iowa State University", "neg": "Question: When was the college from which Watson graduated in 1943 with BS in electrical engineering founded? Passage:Watson graduated in 1943 with BS in electrical engineering from Iowa State College. From 1943 to 1946 he was a researcher at the United States Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, D.C. During his work for the U.S. Navy he went to night school at George Washington University. He graduated from the University of Iowa with Ph.D. in 1948 with thesis The polarizability of the meson-charge cloud of a neutron in an external electrostatic field. He was from 1948 to 1949 an Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) Fellow at the Institute for Advanced Study and from 1949 to 1951 an AEC Fellow at the Berkeley Radiation Laboratory. He was from 1951 to 1954 an assistant professor of physics at Indiana University and from 1954 to 1957 an associate professor of physics at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. In 1953 he was elected a fellow of the American Physical Society. From 1957 to 1981 he was a staff member of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, as well as a professor of physics at the University of California, Berkeley. In 1974 he was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences. From 1981 to 1991 he was the director of the Marine Physical Laboratory, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, as well as a professor of physical oceanography at the University of California, San Diego. In 1991 he retired as professor emeritus. His doctoral students include Shang-keng Ma.\n Links: a. Iowa State University b. American Physical Society c. United States Naval Research Laboratory d. University of California, Berkeley", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}163{"query": "Question: How many of the judges of the season of the show Boyd won were also judges in that show's first season? Passage:In the first issue of Billboard of the year, Craig Wayne Boyd entered the Hot Country Songs chart at number one with \"My Baby's Got a Smile on Her Face\". Boyd, winner of season 7 of NBC's reality TV singing competition The Voice, was only the second artist in the chart's 57-year history to enter at number one. After holding the top spot for a single week, however, the song achieved the unusual feat of dropping off the chart entirely the following week. In addition to Boyd, one other artist was a first-time chart-topper on Hot Country Songs. Following a critically acclaimed performance at the 49th Country Music Association (CMA) Awards, Chris Stapleton's version of \"Tennessee Whiskey\", which had spent a single week at number 46 six months earlier, re-entered at number one, despite never having been officially released as a single or serviced to radio. Nine acts gained their first career country number ones by topping the airplay listing. Ashley Monroe made her first appearance at number one under her own name when she featured on Blake Shelton's hit \"Lonely Tonight\", although she had previously reached the top spot as part of the group Pistol Annies, who had been featured on another of Shelton's songs two years earlier. Between May and August, Tyler Farr, Kelsea Ballerini, Canaan Smith, Michael Ray, and the band A Thousand Horses were all first-time chart-toppers, as was Grace Potter, who was featured on veteran country star Kenny Chesney's song \"Wild Child\". Later in the year, the band Old Dominion and the duo Dan + Shay made their first appearances at number one.\n Links: a. Blake Shelton b. Craig Wayne Boyd c. NBC d. The Voice (American season 7)", "pos": "Question: How many active TikTok users were there the year Old Town Road entered the Billboard charts? Passage:The song initially gained popularity on social video sharing app TikTok and eventually entered the Billboard charts in March 2019. The song reached number 19 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart before the magazine disqualified it from being included on the chart on grounds that it did not fit the genre, sparking a debate on the definition of country music. Though the song was not re-entered onto the overall country charts, both the original version of the song and the remix featuring Cyrus eventually peaked at number one on the flagship Billboard chart, the Hot 100, for a record-breaking nineteen consecutive weeks. Internationally, one or more versions of \"Old Town Road\" have topped the national singles charts in Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Ireland, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom; and charted within the top ten in various other markets. Furthermore, the song was awarded diamond certification by the RIAA, in October 2019, for moving ten million total units in the United States, the fastest song to be awarded diamond certification. The remix of \"Old Town Road\" featuring Billy Ray Cyrus has been nominated for Record of the Year and Best Pop Duo/Group Performance at the 62nd Annual Grammy Awards, with its music video receiving a nomination for Best Music Video.\n Links: a. Grammy Award for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance b. List of Billboard Hot 100 chart achievements and milestones c. Grammy Award for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance d. TikTok", "neg": "Question: How many awards have been won by the artist whose track Ashley Monroe featured on when she appeared under her own name at the number one spot? Passage:In the first issue of Billboard of the year, Craig Wayne Boyd entered the Hot Country Songs chart at number one with \"My Baby's Got a Smile on Her Face\". Boyd, winner of season 7 of NBC's reality TV singing competition The Voice, was only the second artist in the chart's 57-year history to enter at number one. After holding the top spot for a single week, however, the song achieved the unusual feat of dropping off the chart entirely the following week. In addition to Boyd, one other artist was a first-time chart-topper on Hot Country Songs. Following a critically acclaimed performance at the 49th Country Music Association (CMA) Awards, Chris Stapleton's version of \"Tennessee Whiskey\", which had spent a single week at number 46 six months earlier, re-entered at number one, despite never having been officially released as a single or serviced to radio. Nine acts gained their first career country number ones by topping the airplay listing. Ashley Monroe made her first appearance at number one under her own name when she featured on Blake Shelton's hit \"Lonely Tonight\", although she had previously reached the top spot as part of the group Pistol Annies, who had been featured on another of Shelton's songs two years earlier. Between May and August, Tyler Farr, Kelsea Ballerini, Canaan Smith, Michael Ray, and the band A Thousand Horses were all first-time chart-toppers, as was Grace Potter, who was featured on veteran country star Kenny Chesney's song \"Wild Child\". Later in the year, the band Old Dominion and the duo Dan + Shay made their first appearances at number one.\n Links: a. Blake Shelton b. The Voice (American TV series) c. Old Dominion (band) d. The Voice (American TV series)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}164{"query": "Question: Which of these two was founded first? Passage:Dekanozov studied in the medical schools of Saratov University and Baku University. In 1918 he entered the Red Army, and in 1920 he joined the Bolshevik Party. From 1918 he worked as a secret agent in Transcaucasia, first in the People's Commissariat for Health of the short-lived Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, then in private oil companies. After the invasion of Azerbaijan by the Red Army, Dekanozov worked for the Cheka of Azerbaijan SSR, where he befriended Lavrenty Beria, who subsequently supported Dekanozov. In 1921–27 Dekanozov worked for the Cheka in Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Transcaucasia. In 1927 he became an instructor of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Georgia. In 1928–1931 he worked as one of the leaders of the Georgian and Transcaucasian OGPU. In 1931 he became a secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Georgia. From 1936 he was the Narkom of the food industry of Georgia, and from 1937 he simultaneously worked as the Chairman of Gosplan of Georgia and a deputy Chairman of Georgian Sovnarkom. He was a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR in 1937–50.\n Links: a. Cheka b. Council of People's Commissars c. Transcaucasia d. Baku State University", "pos": "Question: How old was Khojaev when the All-Bukharan Revolutionary Committee was established? Passage:Bukhara was the last capital of the Emirate of Bukhara and was besieged by the Red Army during the Russian Civil War. During the Bukhara operation of 1920, an army of well-disciplined and well equipped Red Army troops under the command of Bolshevik general Mikhail Frunze attacked the city of Bukhara. On 31 August 1920, the Emir Alim Khan fled to Dushanbe in Eastern Bukhara (later he escaped from Dushanbe to Kabul in Afghanistan). On 2 September 1920, after four days of fighting, the emir's citadel (the Ark) was destroyed, the red flag was raised from the top of Kalyan Minaret. On 14 September 1920, the All-Bukharan Revolutionary Committee was set up, headed by A. Mukhitdinov. The government—the Council of People's Nazirs (see nāẓir)—was presided over by Faizullah Khojaev.\n Links: a. Afghanistan b. Citadel c. Kabul d. Fayzulla Khodzhayev", "neg": "Question: Which German school that Ganetsky studied in was found first? Passage:Yakov Hanecki was born in Warsaw, then in the Russian Empire, the son of Stanislav von Fürstenberg, a beer manufacturer of German descent, who had adopted Poland as his homeland. In 1896 he joined the Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland (SDKP - later the Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania (SDKPiL)) led by Rosa Luxemburg and her lover, Leo Jogiches. He moved to Germany in 1901 and studied in rapid succession at Berlin, Heidelberg, and Zurich universities. From 1902, he was a professional revolutionary, normally based in Cracow, under Austrian rule, organising the transport of illegal literature across the Russian border. In August 1903, as a member of the Main Administration of the SDKPiL, he was one of two Polish delegates to the Second Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) in Brussels. The Congress later adjourned to London, under pressure from the Belgian police, and there the RSDLP split into its Bolshevik and Menshevik factions, but Hanecki and the other Polish delegate, Adolf Warski, did not make the journey to London, having failed to agree terms on which the RSDLP and SDKPiL could collaborate.\n Links: a. Russian Empire b. University of Zurich c. Humboldt University of Berlin d. Russian Social Democratic Labour Party", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}165{"query": "Question: Who is Thomas Becket? Passage:The University of Kent's coat of arms was granted by the College of Arms in September 1967. The white horse of Kent is taken from the arms of the County of Kent (and can also be seen on the Flag of Kent). The three Cornish choughs, originally belonging to the arms of Thomas Becket, were taken from the arms of the City of Canterbury. The Crest depicts the West Gate of Canterbury with a symbolic flow of water, presumably the Great Stour, below it. Two golden Bishops' Crosiers in the shape of a St. Andrews Cross are shown in front of it. The supporters – lions with the sterns of golden ships – are taken from the arms of the Cinque Ports.\n Links: a. White Horse of Kent b. Crosier c. Thomas Becket d. City of Canterbury", "pos": "Question: Near what Kentucky city did Beck serve in the Field Artillery? Passage:Beck was born in the village of Timmersdala, Sweden as one of seven children born to Carl Melcher and Anna Helena (Jonson) Back. His father was a member of the Swedish military and the owner and operator of a lime kiln. In March 1906, at the age of 11, Beck immigrated to the United States arriving in South Dakota in the middle of April 1906. He became a naturalized citizen of the United States of May 17, 1913. He received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Morningside College in 1920. He received a Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School in 1922. During World War I, he was a Second Lieutenant in the United States Army. He served in the Field Artillery at Camp Zachary Taylor, Kentucky, where it appears he was a junior officer of the 4th Company Convalescent Center.\n Links: a. University of Chicago Law School b. Second lieutenant c. Kentucky d. Juris Doctor", "neg": "Question: When did Thomas Becket live? Passage:The ruins of the Norman Canterbury Castle and St Augustine's Abbey are both open to the public. The medieval St Margaret's Church now houses \"The Canterbury Tales\", in which life-sized character models reconstruct Geoffrey Chaucer's stories. The Westgate is now a museum relating to its history as a jail. The medieval church of St Alphege became redundant in 1982 but had a new lease of life as the Canterbury Urban Studies Centre, later renamed the Canterbury Environment Centre; the building is used by the King's School. The Old Synagogue, now the King's School Music Room, is one of only two Egyptian Revival synagogues still standing. The city centre contains many timber-framed 16th and 17th century houses, however there are far fewer than there were before the Second World War, as many were damaged during the Baedeker Blitz. Many are still standing, including the \"Old Weaver's House\" used by the Huguenots. St Martin's Mill is the only surviving mill out of the six known to have stood in Canterbury. It was built in 1817 and worked until 1890; it is now a house conversion. St Thomas of Canterbury Church is the only Roman Catholic church in the city and contains relics of Thomas Becket.\n Links: a. Old Synagogue (Canterbury) b. Thomas Becket c. The King's School, Canterbury d. Ælfheah of Canterbury", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}166{"query": "Question: What year was the college Fred Shields went to after earning his master's degree founded? Passage:After earning his master's degree from the University of Southern California, Shields went to Northwest Nazarene College in Nampa, Idaho. He was acting as president of the college there when he left for North Scituate, Rhode Island to replace President J.E.L. Moore at the Eastern Nazarene College on the advice of John W. Goodwin. When the college moved to Wollaston, Massachusetts, in Quincy, in 1919, Shields moved with the school. He was president of the college from 1919 to 1923, during which time he attended Harvard Graduate School of Education. After relinquishing the presidency at Eastern Nazarene, Shields taught at Connecticut Women's College in New London, Connecticut before returning to his alma mater, Pasadena College, to teach education and psychology, where he was awarded an honorary doctor of divinity in 1935. In 1935, after receiving his honorary doctorate from Pasadena, he returned to Eastern Nazarene to teach. Shields took the pastorate at Bethany Nazarene Church in Rumford, Rhode Island in 1941, after his return to Eastern Nazarene in 1935.\n Links: a. Alma mater b. Northwest Nazarene University c. New London, Connecticut d. Northwest Nazarene University", "pos": "Question: Which of the two colleges Shields taught at after attending Harvard was founded first? Passage:After earning his master's degree from the University of Southern California, Shields went to Northwest Nazarene College in Nampa, Idaho. He was acting as president of the college there when he left for North Scituate, Rhode Island to replace President J.E.L. Moore at the Eastern Nazarene College on the advice of John W. Goodwin. When the college moved to Wollaston, Massachusetts, in Quincy, in 1919, Shields moved with the school. He was president of the college from 1919 to 1923, during which time he attended Harvard Graduate School of Education. After relinquishing the presidency at Eastern Nazarene, Shields taught at Connecticut Women's College in New London, Connecticut before returning to his alma mater, Pasadena College, to teach education and psychology, where he was awarded an honorary doctor of divinity in 1935. In 1935, after receiving his honorary doctorate from Pasadena, he returned to Eastern Nazarene to teach. Shields took the pastorate at Bethany Nazarene Church in Rumford, Rhode Island in 1941, after his return to Eastern Nazarene in 1935.\n Links: a. Doctor of Divinity b. Connecticut College c. Northwest Nazarene University d. J. E. L. Moore", "neg": "Question: Are the two colleges Shields worked at after getting his master's degree still in operation? Passage:After earning his master's degree from the University of Southern California, Shields went to Northwest Nazarene College in Nampa, Idaho. He was acting as president of the college there when he left for North Scituate, Rhode Island to replace President J.E.L. Moore at the Eastern Nazarene College on the advice of John W. Goodwin. When the college moved to Wollaston, Massachusetts, in Quincy, in 1919, Shields moved with the school. He was president of the college from 1919 to 1923, during which time he attended Harvard Graduate School of Education. After relinquishing the presidency at Eastern Nazarene, Shields taught at Connecticut Women's College in New London, Connecticut before returning to his alma mater, Pasadena College, to teach education and psychology, where he was awarded an honorary doctor of divinity in 1935. In 1935, after receiving his honorary doctorate from Pasadena, he returned to Eastern Nazarene to teach. Shields took the pastorate at Bethany Nazarene Church in Rumford, Rhode Island in 1941, after his return to Eastern Nazarene in 1935.\n Links: a. Northwest Nazarene University b. Northwest Nazarene University c. Northwest Nazarene University d. J. E. L. Moore", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}167{"query": "Question: How many years after the first MCCA Knockout Trophy event did Lovell make his debut for Wales Minor Counties? Passage:Lovell made his debut for Wales Minor Counties in the 1998 MCCA Knockout Trophy against the Warwickshire Cricket Board. He played Minor counties cricket for Wales Minor Counties from 1998 to 2004, which included 12 Minor Counties Championship matches and 3 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. In 1998, he made his List A debut against Nottinghamshire, in the NatWest Trophy. He played a further List A match for the team, against the Sussex Cricket Board in the 2nd round of the 2002 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy which was held in 2001. In his 2 List A matches, he scored 13 runs at a batting average of 6.50, with a high score of 8.\n Links: a. MCCA Knockout Trophy b. Minor Counties Cricket Championship c. MCCA Knockout Trophy d. Minor Counties Cricket Championship", "pos": "Question: Did Naylor score in either of his 2 List-A matches for the county in 2000 and 2001? Passage:In 1999, Denning made his debut for Berkshire in the MCCA Knockout Trophy against the Kent Cricket Board. In 2000, he made his Minor Counties Championship debut for the county against Dorset. From 2000 to 2008, he represented the county in 29 Championship matches, the last of which came against Lincolnshire in the 2008 Championship final, which Berkshire won. Furthermore, from 1999 to 2007, he represented the county in 11 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches, the last of which came against Wales Minor Counties. Naylor also played 2 List-A matches for the county. His first List-A match for Buckinghamshire came against Wales Minor Counties in the 2000 NatWest Trophy, with his second match coming against the Kent Cricket Board in the 2001 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy.\n Links: a. List A cricket b. Kent Cricket Board c. MCCA Knockout Trophy d. Kent Cricket Board", "neg": "Question: In what cities did Denning make debuts in during 1999 and 2000? Passage:In 1999, Denning made his debut for Berkshire in the MCCA Knockout Trophy against the Kent Cricket Board. In 2000, he made his Minor Counties Championship debut for the county against Dorset. From 2000 to 2008, he represented the county in 29 Championship matches, the last of which came against Lincolnshire in the 2008 Championship final, which Berkshire won. Furthermore, from 1999 to 2007, he represented the county in 11 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches, the last of which came against Wales Minor Counties. Naylor also played 2 List-A matches for the county. His first List-A match for Buckinghamshire came against Wales Minor Counties in the 2000 NatWest Trophy, with his second match coming against the Kent Cricket Board in the 2001 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy.\n Links: a. Minor Counties Cricket Championship b. MCCA Knockout Trophy c. Kent Cricket Board d. MCCA Knockout Trophy", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}168{"query": "Question: Is Doordarshan a television station? Passage:Jyoti Subhash started her career through theatre and then moving to television and films. She was recognised in her early works of television. Aired on Doordarshan, she featured in the telefilms Rukmavati Ki Haveli (1991) and Zazeere (1992). Directed by Govind Nihalani, the 1991 show Rukmavati Ki Haveli was based on the Spanish play The House of Bernarda Alba, which was written by Federico García Lorca. A story of a new-widow, Rukmavati, raising her five unwed daughters in her haveli in Rajasthan, was shot on 16 mm film and was later blown up to 35 mm. Recently in 2009, the film was shown in a special session by National Centre for the Performing Arts (NCPA), Mumbai. In 1999, she translated the Marathi play Raste, originally written by Govind Purushottam Deshpande into Hindi as Raaste. The Hindi play was directed by Arvind Gaur and Satyadev Dubey. She played various supporting roles of elder women in the family in films like Dahavi Fha, Devrai, Aamhi Asu Ladke, Shubhra Kahi and more.\n Links: a. Rukmavati Ki Haveli b. Doordarshan c. The House of Bernarda Alba d. The House of Bernarda Alba", "pos": "Question: Why was the name of Raste changed? Passage:Jyoti Subhash started her career through theatre and then moving to television and films. She was recognised in her early works of television. Aired on Doordarshan, she featured in the telefilms Rukmavati Ki Haveli (1991) and Zazeere (1992). Directed by Govind Nihalani, the 1991 show Rukmavati Ki Haveli was based on the Spanish play The House of Bernarda Alba, which was written by Federico García Lorca. A story of a new-widow, Rukmavati, raising her five unwed daughters in her haveli in Rajasthan, was shot on 16 mm film and was later blown up to 35 mm. Recently in 2009, the film was shown in a special session by National Centre for the Performing Arts (NCPA), Mumbai. In 1999, she translated the Marathi play Raste, originally written by Govind Purushottam Deshpande into Hindi as Raaste. The Hindi play was directed by Arvind Gaur and Satyadev Dubey. She played various supporting roles of elder women in the family in films like Dahavi Fha, Devrai, Aamhi Asu Ladke, Shubhra Kahi and more.\n Links: a. National Centre for the Performing Arts (India) b. Govind Purushottam Deshpande c. Govind Nihalani d. Haveli", "neg": "Question: Who won the award for which Walia was nominated in 2014? Passage:Walia began her career with television commercials. Thereafter Walia played in Life OK television's drama series Main Lakshmi Tere Aangan Ki, in it she played the role of Jiyana. Later, Walia was cast in Life OK's another drama series Ringa Ringa Roses, she played the daughter of Samir Soni's character. In 2014, Walia played the female lead in Bharat Ka Veer Putra – Maharana Pratap, in which she played the role of young Maharani Ajabde Punwar, the first wife of Maharana Pratap. She received Favourate Child Artist — Female at the 2015 Lions Gold Awards. She was nominated for the Best Child Actor - Female in 13th Indian Telly Awards 2014. In December 2014, Walia featured in the third season of Keylight Productions' youth crime drama series . The show aired on Channel V India, in which she played the role of Aarohi. Walia portrayed the lead character in Zee television's Yeh Vaada Raha, where she was played the role of Survi, She is playing the lead role of \"Tara Mane\" in  Tara From Satara on Sony TV as of August 2019.\n Links: a. Indian Telly Award for Best Child Artiste - Female b. Life OK c. Channel V India d. Bharat Ka Veer Putra – Maharana Pratap", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}169{"query": "Question: Who was the Prime Minister after Shaukat Aziz? Passage:Shaukat Aziz (; born 6 March 1949) is a Pakistani economist and financier who served as 17th Prime Minister of Pakistan from 20 August 2004 to 15 November 2007, as well as the Finance Minister of Pakistan from 6 November 1999 to 15 November 2007. During his childhood he studied at St Patrick's High School, Karachi. Aziz graduated from the Institute of Business Administration in Karachi, and joined the corporate staff of the CitiBank Pakistan in 1969. He served in various countries' governments as CitiBank financier, and became executive vice-president of Citibank in 1999. After accepting a personal request by General Pervez Musharraf, Aziz returned to Pakistan from the United States to assume the charge of the Finance Ministry as its finance minister while taking control of the country's economy. In 2004, Aziz was nominated by the Musharaf loyalist government led by Pakistan Muslim League (Q), to the position of Prime Minister after the resignation of Zafarullah Khan Jamali on 6 June 2004.\n Links: a. List of prime ministers of Pakistan b. Pervez Musharraf c. Economy of Pakistan d. Zafarullah Khan Jamali", "pos": "Question: Is Benazir's son in the same position he took in 2007? Passage:Shah Nawaz Bhutto, a direct descendant of Muhammad Khan, came to prominence during the British Raj as a dewan of the princely state of Junagadh in south-western Gujarat in India. During the Partition of India in 1947, the Muslim Nawab of Junagarh wanted to accede his state to the newly created Pakistan, but he faced rebellion by the population of Junagadh, majority of whom were Hindus. The Indian government thwarted Junagadh's accession to Pakistan, and the Bhuttos fled to Sindh in modern-day Pakistan. Shah Nawaz Bhutto moved to Larkana District in Sindh, where his land-ownership made him one of the wealthiest and most influential people in Sindh. Beginning the political dynasty, Shah Nawaz's third son Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (1928-1979) founded the Pakistan People's Party (PPP) in 1967 and served as President and Prime Minister. He married an Iranian-Kurdish woman named Nusrat Bhutto. His daughter, Benazir (1953-2007), also served as Prime Minister, while Benazir's husband, Asif Ali Zardari, later served as president from 2008 to 2013. The Bhuttos continue to dominate the leadership of the PPP. Benazir's son Bilawal Bhutto Zardari became co-chairperson in 2007.\n Links: a. Bilawal Bhutto Zardari b. Government of India c. Bilawal Bhutto Zardari d. Bilawal Bhutto Zardari", "neg": "Question: What is the capital of Punjab province? Passage:Hailing from the business-industrialist family from the Punjab Province of Pakistan, Hussain graduated from the FC College University and the Punjab University. After his graduation, Hussain subsequently joined the family business comprising large numbers of industries, textiles, agricultural farms, sugar and flour mills. He successfully contested in the non-partisan 1985 elections and was appointed as minister of industry in the government of Prime minister Muhammad Junejo, lasting until 1988. Hussain became a leader and influential conservative figure in the Islamic Democratic Alliance (IDA) between 1988 and 1990 and joined the Pakistan Muslim League (PML) under Nawaz Sharif in 1993. Hussain served as the 26th Interior minister in the government of Prime minister Nawaz Sharif in two non-consecutive terms from 1990 to 1993 and 1997 to 1999.\n Links: a. Muhammad Khan Junejo b. Punjab, Pakistan c. Nawaz Sharif d. Ministry of Industries and Production (Pakistan)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}170{"query": "Question: Where was Sale's first husband born? Passage:On June 21, 2012, Simpson married Canadian figure skater Jamie Salé, whom he had \"known for years from the Edmonton skating scene\". They had been paired as partners in late 2009 for the first season of the CBC show Battle of the Blades, which they won. Simpson and Salé have one daughter, Samantha Rae Simpson, born on July 7, 2013. Through this marriage, Simpson is also a stepfather to Salé's son Jesse Pelletier (born September 30, 2007), from her first marriage to skating partner David Pelletier. He also has three children from a previous marriage, including son Dillon, who was drafted by the Edmonton Oilers in the 4th round of the 2011 NHL Entry Draft and is currently a defenseman for the Bakersfield Condors.\n Links: a. David Pelletier b. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation c. David Pelletier d. Battle of the Blades (season 1)", "pos": "Question: Who was the first player taken in the draft that Edmonton took Martin Gernat? Passage:Gernát was drafted in the fifth round, 122nd overall, by the Edmonton Oilers in the 2011 NHL Entry Draft. After his draft selection, he would spend two seasons in the junior Western Hockey League with the Edmonton Oil Kings before signing a three-year entry level contract with the Oilers on April 20, 2013. He spent the next three seasons playing in the American Hockey League for the Oklahoma City Barons and the Bakersfield Condors before he was traded to the Anaheim Ducks on February 29, 2016 for Patrick Maroon. He would play just five games for the Ducks' AHL affiliate the San Diego Gulls before signing for HC Sparta Praha for the 2016-17 season. Gernát broke his contract with Sparta Praha in July 2017.\n Links: a. 2011 NHL Entry Draft b. Patrick Maroon c. HC Sparta Praha d. Western Hockey League", "neg": "Question: When was Sale's first husband born? Passage:On June 21, 2012, Simpson married Canadian figure skater Jamie Salé, whom he had \"known for years from the Edmonton skating scene\". They had been paired as partners in late 2009 for the first season of the CBC show Battle of the Blades, which they won. Simpson and Salé have one daughter, Samantha Rae Simpson, born on July 7, 2013. Through this marriage, Simpson is also a stepfather to Salé's son Jesse Pelletier (born September 30, 2007), from her first marriage to skating partner David Pelletier. He also has three children from a previous marriage, including son Dillon, who was drafted by the Edmonton Oilers in the 4th round of the 2011 NHL Entry Draft and is currently a defenseman for the Bakersfield Condors.\n Links: a. Battle of the Blades b. David Pelletier c. Battle of the Blades (season 1) d. Stepfather", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}171{"query": "Question: What country is Durban-Corbières located in? Passage:Boudet was born on 16 November 1837 in the house of Mrs Zoé (Angélique-Zoé-Caroline née Saurel) Pinet-Laval (Boudet's neighbour), a widow in Quillan in the department of Aude and died on 30 March 1915 in Axat. He was the third of four children, the second of three sons, of Pierre-Auguste Boudet (died on 10 February 1841 and Jeanne-Adélaide-Elizabeth Huillet. Boudet's father was the manager of the forges of Quillan who had been authorized (1837) by François-Denis-Henry-Albert, Count de La Rochefoucauld-Bayers (1799–1854), a member of a prominent French aristocratic family, the De la Rochefoucault to act as his sole representative to constitute a joint venture, la societé des forges et fonderies d'Axat, a Forge and casting plant, the partnership was also composed of controlling shareholder, Ange-Jean-Michel-Bonaventure (1767–1847), 4th Marquess of Dax d'Axat, once Mayor of Montpellier and his son Barthélémy-Léon-François-Xavîer de Dax. Nothing is known about Boudet's early years following his father death and how his family managed to survive financially is not documented either; Gérard de Sède claimed – without citing any evidence – that Boudet entered holy orders through the patronage of Abbé Emile-Francois-Henri Géraud de Cayron (1807–1897). After completing his seminary studies in Carcassonne, where he also earned his degree in English language and literature, Boudet was ordained to the priesthood on Christmas Day 1861, he spent the first year of his priesthood in Durban-Corbières until 16 June 1862 when he was assigned to Caunes-Minervois up to 30 October 1866. On 1 November 1866, Boudet was appointed parish priest of Festes-et-Saint-André, next to the town of Limoux. In 1872, Boudet was transferred to Rennes-les-Bains (succeeding L'abbé Jean Vié who had died a short time earlier) until 1914 when he was discharged from his duty by the Bishop of Carcassonne, Mgr Paul-Félix Beuvain de Beauséjour (1839–1930), due to serious illness. Boudet lived in Rennes-les-Bains with his mother and sister Jeanne, both died the same year in 1896.\n Links: a. Seminary b. Departments of France c. Seminary d. Durban-Corbières", "pos": "Question: In which country is the seaport city of Porto located where the wine received its name \"port\"? Passage:Port is produced from grapes grown and processed in the demarcated Douro region. The wine produced is then fortified by the addition of a neutral grape spirit known as aguardente to stop the fermentation, leaving residual sugar in the wine, and to boost the alcohol content. The fortification spirit is sometimes referred to as brandy but it bears little resemblance to commercial brandies. The wine is then stored and aged, often in barrels stored in a Lodge (meaning \"cellar\") as is the case in Vila Nova de Gaia, before being bottled. The wine received its name, \"port\", in the later half of the 17th century from the seaport city of Porto at the mouth of the Douro River, where much of the product was brought to market or for export to other countries in Europe. The Douro valley where port wine is produced was defined and established as a protected region, and the name Douro thus an official appellation, in 1756, making it the third oldest, after Chianti (1716) and Tokaj (1730).\n Links: a. Barrel b. Tokaji c. Vila Nova de Gaia d. Porto", "neg": "Question: In what country is Yverdon located? Passage:He was the deputy of Montfort-l'Amaury from 28 march 1789 til 30 september 1791. He joined the Estates General (France) as its youngest member. He moved to the left side of the National Assembly, shifting from the Second Estate, the nobility. On 17 August he was appointed as the secretary of the assembly. Montmorency fought the aristocracy under the tutelage of the abbé Sieyès. He moved the abolition of armorial bearings on 19 June 1790. Before 20 April 1792 he and Count de Narbonne, the Minister of War, went to inspect the troops. Around the Storming of the Tuileries in August Montmorency fled to Coppet to live with Mme de Staël and Arnail François, marquis de Jaucourt. In January 1793 he accompanied her to Boulogne-sur-mer, when she sought refuge in England. On 17 June 1794 his brother an abott was guillotined. Montmorency started to study the church father Augustine. In May 1795 he lived in Yverdon. He returned to Paris to see his relatives. He was arrested as an émigré on the 26th of December, but released after a few days. Montmorency lived on an estate in Ormesson-sur-Marne. De Staël and Constant joined him there and Montmorency visited them 1797 in Luzarches. \n Links: a. Insurrection of 10 August 1792 b. Augustine of Hippo c. Yverdon-les-Bains d. Boulogne-sur-Mer", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}172{"query": "Question: What is the furthest the Chiefs' kicker has scored a field goal? Passage:The Chargers flew to Arrowhead Stadium for a Week 7 fight with their AFC West rival, the Kansas City Chiefs. In the first quarter, San Diego fell behind early with KC QB Damon Huard completing an 11-yard TD pass to TE Kris Wilson and a 21-yard TD pass to WR Eddie Kennison. In the second quarter, the Chargers got on the board with kicker Nate Kaeding making a 39-yard field goal, yet Kansas City would respond with an 11-yard run by RB Larry Johnson. Kaeding made a 31-yard field goal for San Diego to end the half. In the third quarter, both teams swapped touchdowns, as QB Philip Rivers threw a 1-yard TD pass to TE Antonio Gates, while Johnson got a 1-yard TD run. In the fourth quarter, RB LaDainian Tomlinson caught a 37-yard TD pass and then threw a 1-yard TD pass to TE Brandon Manumaleuna. Kansas City Chiefs kicker Lawrence Tynes was good on a 53-yard field goal to seal the win for Kansas City, dropping San Diego to 4–2.\n Links: a. Kansas City Chiefs b. Philip Rivers c. Lawrence Tynes d. Brandon Manumaleuna", "pos": "Question: How much does the Jets' quarterback from 2008 weigh? Passage:Hoping to rebound from their divisional home loss to the Patriots, the Jets flew to Qualcomm Stadium for a Week 3 MNF duel with the San Diego Chargers. In the first quarter, New York took flight as CB David Barrett returned an interception 25 yards for a touchdown. The Chargers responded with kicker Nate Kaeding getting a 36-yard field goal, along with QB Philip Rivers completing a 1-yard TD pass to FB Mike Tolbert. In the second quarter, San Diego increased its lead with CB Antonio Cromartie returning an interception 52 yards for a touchdown. The Jets answered with QB Brett Favre completing a 3-yard TD pass to WR Laveranues Coles. The turning point in the game occurred on the following kickoff, an on-side kick, which traveled only 15 yards before the Chargers picked up the ball. They then added a touchdown, with Rivers completing a 27-yard TD pass to WR Chris Chambers. Following another interception, the Chargers scored again with a 6-yard TD pass to TE Antonio Gates.\n Links: a. History of the San Diego Chargers b. Mike Tolbert c. Brett Favre d. Brett Favre", "neg": "Question: When was the home base of the Kansas City Chiefs built? Passage:The Chargers flew to Arrowhead Stadium for a Week 7 fight with their AFC West rival, the Kansas City Chiefs. In the first quarter, San Diego fell behind early with KC QB Damon Huard completing an 11-yard TD pass to TE Kris Wilson and a 21-yard TD pass to WR Eddie Kennison. In the second quarter, the Chargers got on the board with kicker Nate Kaeding making a 39-yard field goal, yet Kansas City would respond with an 11-yard run by RB Larry Johnson. Kaeding made a 31-yard field goal for San Diego to end the half. In the third quarter, both teams swapped touchdowns, as QB Philip Rivers threw a 1-yard TD pass to TE Antonio Gates, while Johnson got a 1-yard TD run. In the fourth quarter, RB LaDainian Tomlinson caught a 37-yard TD pass and then threw a 1-yard TD pass to TE Brandon Manumaleuna. Kansas City Chiefs kicker Lawrence Tynes was good on a 53-yard field goal to seal the win for Kansas City, dropping San Diego to 4–2.\n Links: a. Arrowhead Stadium b. Kris Wilson (American football) c. Kansas City Chiefs d. Larry Johnson (running back)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}173{"query": "Question: When was the college from which Watson graduated in 1943 with BS in electrical engineering founded? Passage:Watson graduated in 1943 with BS in electrical engineering from Iowa State College. From 1943 to 1946 he was a researcher at the United States Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, D.C. During his work for the U.S. Navy he went to night school at George Washington University. He graduated from the University of Iowa with Ph.D. in 1948 with thesis The polarizability of the meson-charge cloud of a neutron in an external electrostatic field. He was from 1948 to 1949 an Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) Fellow at the Institute for Advanced Study and from 1949 to 1951 an AEC Fellow at the Berkeley Radiation Laboratory. He was from 1951 to 1954 an assistant professor of physics at Indiana University and from 1954 to 1957 an associate professor of physics at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. In 1953 he was elected a fellow of the American Physical Society. From 1957 to 1981 he was a staff member of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, as well as a professor of physics at the University of California, Berkeley. In 1974 he was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences. From 1981 to 1991 he was the director of the Marine Physical Laboratory, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, as well as a professor of physical oceanography at the University of California, San Diego. In 1991 he retired as professor emeritus. His doctoral students include Shang-keng Ma.\n Links: a. Iowa State University b. American Physical Society c. United States Naval Research Laboratory d. University of California, Berkeley", "pos": "Question: When was the university founded that granted Morrey a PHD? Passage:Morrey graduated from Ohio State University with a B.A. in 1927 and a M.A. in 1928, and then studied at Harvard University under the supervision of George Birkhoff, obtaining a Ph.D. in 1931 with a thesis entitled Invariant functions of Conservative Surface Transformations. After being awarded his Ph.D, he was a National Research Council Fellow at Princeton, at the Rice Institute and finally at the University of Chicago. He became a professor of mathematics at UC Berkeley in 1933, hired by Griffith Conrad Evans, and was a faculty member until his retirement in 1973. In Berkeley, he was early given several administrative duties, for example being the Chairman of the Department of Mathematics during the period 1949–1954, and being the Acting Chairman, the Vice Chairman and the Director of the Institute of Pure and Applied Mathematics at various times. During the years 1937–1938 and 1954–1955 he was a member of the Institute for Advanced Studies: he was also Visiting Assistant Professor at Northwestern University, Visiting Professor at the University of Chicago and Miller Research Professor at Berkeley. During World War II he was employed as a mathematician at the U.S. Ballistic Research Laboratory in Maryland.\n Links: a. Harvard University b. Doctor of Philosophy c. Northwestern University d. Harvard University", "neg": "Question: Which fo the universities Watson attended has the highest student enrollment? Passage:Watson graduated in 1943 with BS in electrical engineering from Iowa State College. From 1943 to 1946 he was a researcher at the United States Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, D.C. During his work for the U.S. Navy he went to night school at George Washington University. He graduated from the University of Iowa with Ph.D. in 1948 with thesis The polarizability of the meson-charge cloud of a neutron in an external electrostatic field. He was from 1948 to 1949 an Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) Fellow at the Institute for Advanced Study and from 1949 to 1951 an AEC Fellow at the Berkeley Radiation Laboratory. He was from 1951 to 1954 an assistant professor of physics at Indiana University and from 1954 to 1957 an associate professor of physics at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. In 1953 he was elected a fellow of the American Physical Society. From 1957 to 1981 he was a staff member of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, as well as a professor of physics at the University of California, Berkeley. In 1974 he was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences. From 1981 to 1991 he was the director of the Marine Physical Laboratory, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, as well as a professor of physical oceanography at the University of California, San Diego. In 1991 he retired as professor emeritus. His doctoral students include Shang-keng Ma.\n Links: a. United States Naval Research Laboratory b. Iowa State University c. Iowa State University d. George Washington University", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}174{"query": "Question: What was the combined age of Teatro dell'Opera di Roma and Teatro di San Carlo when Simone Alaimo first performed there? Passage:A native of Villabate, Alaimo studied at the Palermo Conservatory and then the L'Accademia di La Scala in Milan before making his début in 1977 at the Teatro Fraschini in Pavia as the title hero in Gaetano Donizetti's Don Pasquale. Shortly thereafter he joined the roster of singers at the Teatro Massimo in his home city. In 1980 he made his first appearance at the Piccola Scala in a production of Carlo Evasio Soliva's La testa di bronzo and performed for the first time at the Maggio Musicale Fiorentino as Radamanto in Giulio Caccini's Euridice. That year also marked his debut at the Festival de Ópera de Las Palmas and the Teatro Carlo Felice, two places he has sung with some frequency. In 1982 he performed for the first time at the Teatro di San Carlo, the Teatro dell'Opera di Roma, the Liceu, and the Rossini Opera Festival. He sang the role of Mustafà in Gioachino Rossini's L'italiana in Algeri for his United States debut at the Lyric Opera of Chicago in 1987. He reprised the role the following year for his first performance in the United Kingdom at the Royal Opera, London.\n Links: a. Liceu b. Rossini Opera Festival c. Teatro di San Carlo d. Maggio Musicale Fiorentino", "pos": "Question: When was the opera that Lewis performed on his debut compose? Passage:William Lewis was educated at the University of Colorado, Texas Christian University and New York University. He began his career as a writer and an athlete before deciding to pursue a career in opera. He began his voice training under Karl Kritz and Arthur Faguy Coté in Fort Worth, followed by studies with Susan Seton and Hulda and Luigi Rossini in New York. He made his professional opera debut in 1953 with Fort Worth Opera as Rinuccio in Puccini's Gianni Schicchi. Two years later he won the Metropolitan Opera's Audition of the Air competition (precursor to the National Council Auditions). Lewis made his debut at the Metropolitan Opera as Narraboth in Salome on March 1, 1958 and subsequently sang in 234 performances in his 35 years with the company. In 1975 he made his debut at San Francisco Opera as Steuermann and Erik in The Flying Dutchman and has sung in sixteen different productions with the company in subsequent seasons. In 1981 he made his debut at the Salzburg Festival in the title role of Offenbach's The Tales of Hoffmann, returning there for the following four years in such roles as Arbace in Idomeneo and the First Geharnischter in The Magic Flute. In 1990 he made his debut at the Teatro Lirico in the world premiere of Azio Corghi's Blimunda.\n Links: a. The Magic Flute b. New York University c. Gianni Schicchi d. Fort Worth Opera", "neg": "Question: How long had the Lyric Opera of Chicago been in operation when Simone Alaimo sang the role of Mustafà? Passage:A native of Villabate, Alaimo studied at the Palermo Conservatory and then the L'Accademia di La Scala in Milan before making his début in 1977 at the Teatro Fraschini in Pavia as the title hero in Gaetano Donizetti's Don Pasquale. Shortly thereafter he joined the roster of singers at the Teatro Massimo in his home city. In 1980 he made his first appearance at the Piccola Scala in a production of Carlo Evasio Soliva's La testa di bronzo and performed for the first time at the Maggio Musicale Fiorentino as Radamanto in Giulio Caccini's Euridice. That year also marked his debut at the Festival de Ópera de Las Palmas and the Teatro Carlo Felice, two places he has sung with some frequency. In 1982 he performed for the first time at the Teatro di San Carlo, the Teatro dell'Opera di Roma, the Liceu, and the Rossini Opera Festival. He sang the role of Mustafà in Gioachino Rossini's L'italiana in Algeri for his United States debut at the Lyric Opera of Chicago in 1987. He reprised the role the following year for his first performance in the United Kingdom at the Royal Opera, London.\n Links: a. Gioachino Rossini b. Lyric Opera of Chicago c. The Royal Opera d. Maggio Musicale Fiorentino", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}175{"query": "Question: How many inhabitants lived in the town of Hengelo at the time of the 2017 incident? Passage:At the time, the Turkish Minister of Family and Social Policies, Fatma Betül Sayan Kaya, was touring Germany. A visit to the Dutch town of Hengelo, close to the German border, had already been scheduled. On 11 March, the Dutch General Intelligence and Security Service received information that Kaya would try to reach Rotterdam by car. She could freely cross the border because of the Schengen Treaty. A crisis centre was established on the twenty-third floor of the Rotterdam World Port Center to coordinate police actions. Earlier, the Turkish consul in Rotterdam had indicated to the Mayor of Rotterdam, Ahmed Aboutaleb, that there were no plans for such a visit. It now proved impossible to contact the consul, which gave Aboutaleb the conviction that the consul knew of Kaya's attempt. A motorcade was intercepted but the car with the minister managed to drive away. It reached a small yard at the rear of the Turkish consulate. The Dutch police stopped Betül Sayan Kaya's entourage just metres from the Turkish consulate building. About twenty police officers, forming a special forces unit, the Dienst Speciale Interventies, masked and equipped with body armour and automatic weapons, arrested ten members of Kaya's bodyguard, on suspicion of illegally carrying firearms. A German source had indicated they had obtained a German weapons permit. No arms were discovered. Two other men were also arrested, who later proved to be the Deventer Turkish consul and the chargé d'affaires of the Turkish embassy. They in principle enjoyed diplomatic immunity. The twelve arrested men were detained for two hours and their passports were seized. A stand-off ensued for several hours in which the Turkish minister refused to leave the car. Just after midnight, a special heavy tow truck, a lift flatbed, was driven into the yard and prepared to vertically hoist the 3.5 tonne car onto the flatbed, with the minister still in it, to transport her back to Germany. The minister now left the car and demanded entrance to the consulate invoking the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations. The Dutch police had orders to arrest the minister if necessary. Ultimately, she gave in to the police demands to leave the country. At the time, many news sources assumed that she had been declared persona non grata. She was, loudly protesting, taken to another car, a black armoured Mercedes, by masked Dutch police officers who accompanied her to a police station at Nijmegen near the Dutch–German border. Her passport was seized. She was not allowed to leave the station for one and a half hours, while being reunited with the ten bodyguards. She returned to Germany under German escort. Sporadic rioting occurred among the about a thousand pro-Erdoğan protesters who had come to the Turkish consulate. They were met by Dutch riot police, who arrested twelve people for violent assault and not following police instructions. Kaya's passport was returned on 12 March, 18:00, to the Turkish consul. In April 2017, Kaya's lawyer said they would file a complaint against the Dutch government at court claiming that her expulsion from the Netherlands was illegal because she was not given a written statement of the reasons for the expulsion. However, on 2 May the case was dropped when it transpired that Kaya had never been formally declared persona non grata and that from a judicial point of view she had left the Netherlands voluntarily.\n Links: a. Hengelo b. Hengelo c. Diplomatic immunity d. Fatma Betül Sayan Kaya", "pos": "Question: How many years after the Schengen Treaty being signed did the 2017 Dutch–Turkish diplomatic incident occur? Passage:At the time, the Turkish Minister of Family and Social Policies, Fatma Betül Sayan Kaya, was touring Germany. A visit to the Dutch town of Hengelo, close to the German border, had already been scheduled. On 11 March, the Dutch General Intelligence and Security Service received information that Kaya would try to reach Rotterdam by car. She could freely cross the border because of the Schengen Treaty. A crisis centre was established on the twenty-third floor of the Rotterdam World Port Center to coordinate police actions. Earlier, the Turkish consul in Rotterdam had indicated to the Mayor of Rotterdam, Ahmed Aboutaleb, that there were no plans for such a visit. It now proved impossible to contact the consul, which gave Aboutaleb the conviction that the consul knew of Kaya's attempt. A motorcade was intercepted but the car with the minister managed to drive away. It reached a small yard at the rear of the Turkish consulate. The Dutch police stopped Betül Sayan Kaya's entourage just metres from the Turkish consulate building. About twenty police officers, forming a special forces unit, the Dienst Speciale Interventies, masked and equipped with body armour and automatic weapons, arrested ten members of Kaya's bodyguard, on suspicion of illegally carrying firearms. A German source had indicated they had obtained a German weapons permit. No arms were discovered. Two other men were also arrested, who later proved to be the Deventer Turkish consul and the chargé d'affaires of the Turkish embassy. They in principle enjoyed diplomatic immunity. The twelve arrested men were detained for two hours and their passports were seized. A stand-off ensued for several hours in which the Turkish minister refused to leave the car. Just after midnight, a special heavy tow truck, a lift flatbed, was driven into the yard and prepared to vertically hoist the 3.5 tonne car onto the flatbed, with the minister still in it, to transport her back to Germany. The minister now left the car and demanded entrance to the consulate invoking the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations. The Dutch police had orders to arrest the minister if necessary. Ultimately, she gave in to the police demands to leave the country. At the time, many news sources assumed that she had been declared persona non grata. She was, loudly protesting, taken to another car, a black armoured Mercedes, by masked Dutch police officers who accompanied her to a police station at Nijmegen near the Dutch–German border. Her passport was seized. She was not allowed to leave the station for one and a half hours, while being reunited with the ten bodyguards. She returned to Germany under German escort. Sporadic rioting occurred among the about a thousand pro-Erdoğan protesters who had come to the Turkish consulate. They were met by Dutch riot police, who arrested twelve people for violent assault and not following police instructions. Kaya's passport was returned on 12 March, 18:00, to the Turkish consul. In April 2017, Kaya's lawyer said they would file a complaint against the Dutch government at court claiming that her expulsion from the Netherlands was illegal because she was not given a written statement of the reasons for the expulsion. However, on 2 May the case was dropped when it transpired that Kaya had never been formally declared persona non grata and that from a judicial point of view she had left the Netherlands voluntarily.\n Links: a. Schengen Agreement b. Hengelo c. Deventer d. World Port Center", "neg": "Question: How old is the person that Tuncel joined a hunger strike with in 2018? Passage:She was born in Yazıhan and studied cartography and land surveying in Mersin University, before beginning her political career through the Women's Branch of the Party of People's Democracy (HADEP) in 1998. She was vice co-chairperson and Istanbul deputy of the Democratic Society Party (DTP), which she helped to found. She has also worked with international organizations such as UNDP and Amnesty International. She was arrested on 5 November 2006 for alleged membership in the PKK But after she ran as an independent candidate within the Thousand Hopes alliance for the parliamentary elections from prison and after winning a seat in Istanbul with 93,000 votes, was released from custody in July 2007. She was elected to the Turkish Parliament from prison to the surprise of many. In 2013 she was elected Co-Chair of the HDP together with Ertuğrul Kürkçü. In May 2016 she was elected Co-Chair of the Democratic Regions Party (DBP) together with Kamuran Yüksek. On 4 October 2016 she was taken into custody and arrested in November 2016. According to the International Law Bureau the prosecution demands 130 years of imprisonment for terror related charges due to her membership in the legal party Democratic Society Party and 16 statements and speeches she made during meetings and press conferences she held before meetings of the DBP. On the 5 January 2018 she got sentenced to 2 years and three months in prison. On 1 December 2018 she joined Leyla Güven in her hunger strike. In February 2019 she got sentenced to 15 years in prison for being a member of a terrorist organization and making propaganda for a terrorist organization.\n Links: a. Democratic Regions Party b. Amnesty International c. Leyla Güven d. United Nations Development Programme", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}176{"query": "Question: In how many countries has Kentridge been awarded an Honorary LL.D.? Passage:Kentridge is a Knight Commander of the British Order of St Michael and St George (1999) and a Supreme Counsellor of the South African Order of the Baobab in Gold (2008). He has been awarded an Honorary LL.D. by the Universities of Leicester (1985), Cape Town (1987), Natal (1989), London (1995), Sussex (1997), Witwatersrand (2000) and Buckingham (2009). He was elected an Honorary Fellow of Exeter College, Oxford – his alma mater – in 1986. He is also a Fellow of the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies (1997), an Honorary Fellow of the American College of Trial Lawyers (1998) and an Honorary Member of the New York City Bar Association (2001). In March 2013, Kentridge was interviewed on the British radio show Desert Island Discs. In May 2013, he received a lifetime achievement award at the inaugural Halsbury Legal Awards. The South African General Bar Council awards an annual prize in Kentridge's name, the Sydney and Felicia Kentridge Award, for excellence in public interest law.\n Links: a. University of Leicester b. University of the Witwatersrand c. University of London d. University of Cape Town", "pos": "Question: What state did Alley receive an Artium Baccalaureus? Passage:Born in Portland, Oregon, Alley received an Artium Baccalaureus from Stanford University in 1952 and was a lieutenant in the United States Army during the Korean War, from 1952 to 1954. He received a Juris Doctor from Stanford Law School in 1957, and was a law clerk on the Supreme Court of Oregon, in Salem, Oregon in 1957, and then in private practice in Portland from 1957 to 1959. He returned to the military as assistant staff judge advocate, U. S. Army Artillery and Missile Center, Fort Sill, Oklahoma, 1959–1960 and then as assistant staff judge advocate, Headquarters, U. S. Army Ryukyu Islands (Okinawa, Japan), 1960–1964. He was in the Thirteenth Career Class, TJAGSA, 1965, and was a member of the faculty of Judge Advocate General's School in Charlottsville, Virginia, from 1965 to 1968. He was a military judge for the U.S. Army Trial Judiciary in Saigon, Republic of Vietnam, from 1968 to 1969, and at Schofield Barracks in Hawaii from 1970 to 1972. He then served on the U.S. Army Court of Military Review in Falls Church, Virginia, from 1972 to 1975, serving as chief trial judge of that court in 1975. He was chief of the Criminal Law Division, Office of the Judge Advocate General, Department of the Army, in Washington, D.C. from 1975 to 1978, and in the United States Army, judge advocate, in Heidelberg, Germany, from 1978 to 1981. He was dean and professor of law at the University of Oklahoma College of Law, in Norman, Oklahoma, from 1981 to 1985.\n Links: a. Stanford University b. Korean War c. Portland, Oregon d. Portland, Oregon", "neg": "Question: How many years had passed between Kennan winning his last Pulitzer Prize and the Presidential Medal of Freedom? Passage:During his career, Kennan received a number of awards and honors. As a scholar and writer, Kennan was a two-time recipient of both the Pulitzer Prizes and the National Book Award, and had also received the Francis Parkman Prize, the Ambassador Book Award and the Bancroft Prize. Among Kennan's numerous other awards and distinctions were the Testimonial of Loyal and Meritorious Service from the Department of State (1953), Princeton's Woodrow Wilson Award for Distinguished Achievement in the Nation's Service (1976), the Order of the Pour le Mérite (1976), the Albert Einstein Peace Prize (1981), the Peace Prize of the German Book Trade (1982), the American Academy of Arts and Letters Gold Medal (1984), the American Whig-Cliosophic Society's James Madison Award for Distinguished Public Service (1985), the Franklin D. Roosevelt Foundation Freedom from Fear Medal (1987), the Presidential Medal of Freedom (1989), the Distinguished Service Award from the Department of State (1994), and the Library of Congress Living Legend (2000). Kennan had also received 29 honorary degrees and was honored in his name with the George F. Kennan Chair in National Security Strategy at the National War College and the George F. Kennan Professorship at the Institute for Advanced Study.\n Links: a. Pour le Mérite b. Pulitzer Prize c. Albert Einstein Peace Prize d. American Whig–Cliosophic Society", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}177{"query": "Question: What was the Walt Disney movie inspired by that Jacobs composed the music for and also featured his guitar and vocal performances? Passage:In 2006, Jacobs started his film scoring work, copying parts on Happy Feet. This was then followed by work as an orchestrator on Jumper, Gabriel, Australia, and P.S. I Love You. In 2008, Bryce moved to the United States, where he started working at Hans Zimmer’s company Remote Control Productions. Once there, he made a name for himself with scores that focused on achieving an orchestral approach to texturalizing with guitars, most notably on the score for Rush. He also worked with composer Ramin Djawadi on numerous projects, including Clash of the Titans, Medal of Honor, Flash Forward, Prison Break, and Breakout Kings. Jacobs' first solo score was for the film Bad Karma (2012), starring Ray Liotta and Dominic Purcell, and he later collaborated with Scottish singer-songwriter, KT Tunstall, on the indie film Carried (2015). In 2017, Jacobs created the soundtrack for the Syfy adaptation of 12 Monkeys, and then for the comedy Random Tropical Paradise. In 2018, Bryce composed the score for Icon Pictures’ Yowie series and, most recently, he composed music for Walt Disney Pictures’ Christopher Robin, which also featured his guitar and vocal performances.\n Links: a. Christopher Robin (film) b. Breakout Kings c. Christopher Robin (film) d. Breakout Kings", "pos": "Question: What other movies did Alexandre Desplat compose music for? Passage:Roger Ebert rated the film three-and-a-half stars, praising the creation of an island world that \"might as well be ruled by Prospero\". A devoted fan of Anderson, Richard Brody hailed Moonrise Kingdom as \"a leap ahead, artistically and personally\" for the director, for its \"expressly transcendent theme\" and its spiritual references to Noah's Ark. Peter Bradshaw of The Guardian gave the film four stars out of five, calling it \"another sprightly confection of oddities, attractively eccentric, witty and strangely clothed\". The New York Timess Manohla Dargis reviewed Anderson and Coppola's screenplay as a \"beautifully coordinated admixture of droll humor, deadpan and slapstick\". Peter Travers positively reviewed the actors' performances, calling Norton engaging, Balaban \"delightful\" and Willis agreeable. Travers also credited cinematographer Yeoman for \"a poet's eye\" and composer Alexandre Desplat for his contributions. As novice actors, Jared Gilman and Kara Hayward also received praise. The Daily Telegraphs review stated it was \"exhilarating\" to see different elements combined, such as the music of Britten and Hank Williams. It called the end result \"an extraordinarily affected piece of filmmaking\". The Hollywood Reporters review by Todd McCarthy described the film as an \"eccentric, pubescent love story\", \"impeccably made\". For Empire, Nev Pierce declared it \"a delightful film of innocence lost and regained\". Christopher Orr of The Atlantic wrote that Moonrise Kingdom was \"Anderson's best live-action feature\" and that it \"captures the texture of childhood summers, the sense of having a limited amount of time in which to do unlimited things\". Kristen M. Jones of Film Comment wrote that the film \"has a spontaneity and yearning that lend an easy comic rhythm\", but it also has a \"rapt quality, as if we are viewing the events through Suzy's binoculars or reading the story under the covers by a flashlight\".\n Links: a. Alexandre Desplat b. The Guardian c. Prospero d. Peter Bradshaw", "neg": "Question: Who plays the title character in the Walt Disney Pictures' movie that Jacobs composed music for? Passage:In 2006, Jacobs started his film scoring work, copying parts on Happy Feet. This was then followed by work as an orchestrator on Jumper, Gabriel, Australia, and P.S. I Love You. In 2008, Bryce moved to the United States, where he started working at Hans Zimmer’s company Remote Control Productions. Once there, he made a name for himself with scores that focused on achieving an orchestral approach to texturalizing with guitars, most notably on the score for Rush. He also worked with composer Ramin Djawadi on numerous projects, including Clash of the Titans, Medal of Honor, Flash Forward, Prison Break, and Breakout Kings. Jacobs' first solo score was for the film Bad Karma (2012), starring Ray Liotta and Dominic Purcell, and he later collaborated with Scottish singer-songwriter, KT Tunstall, on the indie film Carried (2015). In 2017, Jacobs created the soundtrack for the Syfy adaptation of 12 Monkeys, and then for the comedy Random Tropical Paradise. In 2018, Bryce composed the score for Icon Pictures’ Yowie series and, most recently, he composed music for Walt Disney Pictures’ Christopher Robin, which also featured his guitar and vocal performances.\n Links: a. Ramin Djawadi b. Medal of Honor c. Christopher Robin (film) d. Clash of the Titans (2010 film)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}178{"query": "Question: What area had the larger population between Palestine and Homs the year that Ali Bey dispatched and army under commanders Abu al-Dahab and Ismail Bey? Passage:Also in 1764, while Uthman was leading the annual Hajj pilgrimage, he had a violent confrontation with Ali Bey al-Kabir, an influential mamluk from Egypt. When Ali Bey was exiled by the governor of Egypt to Gaza (part of Damascus Eyalet) in 1766, Uthman attempted to drive him out. Uthman managed to have his son, Darwish Pasha, appointed as the governor of Sidon in November 1770 and sometime prior to that, had his other son, Muhammad Pasha, appointed as governor of Tripoli. In 1771, Ali Bey, by now the rebellious governor of Egypt, had dispatched an army under commanders Abu al-Dahab and Ismail Bey to subdue Damascus. Together with Zahir, the combined armies of Egypt and Palestine defeated Uthman's army outside of Damascus and Uthman fled north to the city of Homs. The city fell shortly thereafter, although they did not capture the Citadel of Damascus, which was subsequently besieged. However, Abu al-Dahab suddenly withdrew from the area, citing his fears of violating Islamic principles since seizing an Ottoman province was in effect a direct challenge to the authority of the Ottoman sultan, who held the highest religious honor as the caliph of Islam.\n Links: a. Abu al-Dhahab b. Palestine (region) c. Citadel of Damascus d. Ismail Bey", "pos": "Question: What were the combined ages of Abu al-Dahab and Ismail Bey the year that they were dispatched by Ali Bey? Passage:Also in 1764, while Uthman was leading the annual Hajj pilgrimage, he had a violent confrontation with Ali Bey al-Kabir, an influential mamluk from Egypt. When Ali Bey was exiled by the governor of Egypt to Gaza (part of Damascus Eyalet) in 1766, Uthman attempted to drive him out. Uthman managed to have his son, Darwish Pasha, appointed as the governor of Sidon in November 1770 and sometime prior to that, had his other son, Muhammad Pasha, appointed as governor of Tripoli. In 1771, Ali Bey, by now the rebellious governor of Egypt, had dispatched an army under commanders Abu al-Dahab and Ismail Bey to subdue Damascus. Together with Zahir, the combined armies of Egypt and Palestine defeated Uthman's army outside of Damascus and Uthman fled north to the city of Homs. The city fell shortly thereafter, although they did not capture the Citadel of Damascus, which was subsequently besieged. However, Abu al-Dahab suddenly withdrew from the area, citing his fears of violating Islamic principles since seizing an Ottoman province was in effect a direct challenge to the authority of the Ottoman sultan, who held the highest religious honor as the caliph of Islam.\n Links: a. Ismail Bey b. Abu al-Dhahab c. Citadel of Damascus d. Gaza City", "neg": "Question: How old was Ali Bey al-Kabir the year that he had a violent confrontation with Uthman Pasha al-Kurji? Passage:Also in 1764, while Uthman was leading the annual Hajj pilgrimage, he had a violent confrontation with Ali Bey al-Kabir, an influential mamluk from Egypt. When Ali Bey was exiled by the governor of Egypt to Gaza (part of Damascus Eyalet) in 1766, Uthman attempted to drive him out. Uthman managed to have his son, Darwish Pasha, appointed as the governor of Sidon in November 1770 and sometime prior to that, had his other son, Muhammad Pasha, appointed as governor of Tripoli. In 1771, Ali Bey, by now the rebellious governor of Egypt, had dispatched an army under commanders Abu al-Dahab and Ismail Bey to subdue Damascus. Together with Zahir, the combined armies of Egypt and Palestine defeated Uthman's army outside of Damascus and Uthman fled north to the city of Homs. The city fell shortly thereafter, although they did not capture the Citadel of Damascus, which was subsequently besieged. However, Abu al-Dahab suddenly withdrew from the area, citing his fears of violating Islamic principles since seizing an Ottoman province was in effect a direct challenge to the authority of the Ottoman sultan, who held the highest religious honor as the caliph of Islam.\n Links: a. Islam b. List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire c. Ali Bey al-Kabir d. List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}179{"query": "Question: The area where the Byzantine forces congregated to counter Arab invasions is located in which modern country? Passage:With the ascendance of Simeon I to the throne in 893, the long-lasting peace with the Byzantine Empire established by his father was about to end. A conflict arose when Byzantine Emperor Leo VI the Wise, acting under pressure from his wife Zoe Zaoutzaina and her father, Stylianos Zaoutzes, moved the marketplace for Bulgarian goods from Constantinople to Thessaloniki, where Bulgarian merchants were heavily taxed. Forced to take action, in the autumn of 894 Simeon invaded the Byzantine Empire from the north, meeting little opposition due to the concentration of most Byzantine forces in eastern Anatolia to counter Arab invasions. Informed of the Bulgarian offensive, the surprised Leo sent an army consisting of guardsmen and other military units from the capital to halt Simeon, but his troops were routed somewhere in the theme of Macedonia.The Magyars managed to defeat Simeon's army twice, but in 896 they were routed in the Battle of Southern Buh. The war ended in 896 with a great Bulgarian victory near Bulgarophygon in Eastern Thrace. The market was returned to Constantinople, and the Byzantine Emperor had to pay annual tribute to Bulgaria. More importantly, with help from the Pechenegs Simeon successfully fended off a Magyar invasion, which was coordinated with the Byzantines.\n Links: a. Anatolia b. Macedonia (theme) c. Battle of Southern Buh d. Leo VI the Wise", "pos": "Question: Who commanded the Magyars in the battle where they were routed by the Bulgarian army? Passage:With the ascendance of Simeon I to the throne in 893, the long-lasting peace with the Byzantine Empire established by his father was about to end. A conflict arose when Byzantine Emperor Leo VI the Wise, acting under pressure from his wife Zoe Zaoutzaina and her father, Stylianos Zaoutzes, moved the marketplace for Bulgarian goods from Constantinople to Thessaloniki, where Bulgarian merchants were heavily taxed. Forced to take action, in the autumn of 894 Simeon invaded the Byzantine Empire from the north, meeting little opposition due to the concentration of most Byzantine forces in eastern Anatolia to counter Arab invasions. Informed of the Bulgarian offensive, the surprised Leo sent an army consisting of guardsmen and other military units from the capital to halt Simeon, but his troops were routed somewhere in the theme of Macedonia.The Magyars managed to defeat Simeon's army twice, but in 896 they were routed in the Battle of Southern Buh. The war ended in 896 with a great Bulgarian victory near Bulgarophygon in Eastern Thrace. The market was returned to Constantinople, and the Byzantine Emperor had to pay annual tribute to Bulgaria. More importantly, with help from the Pechenegs Simeon successfully fended off a Magyar invasion, which was coordinated with the Byzantines.\n Links: a. Battle of Southern Buh b. Macedonia (theme) c. Battle of Southern Buh d. Hungarians", "neg": "Question: What time period did the Byzantine Empire rule? Passage:When Boris I assumed the throne of Bulgaria in 852, the country was still pagan, with the ruling Bulgar elite being Tengriists while the Slavic population practised its own religion. Christianity was already widespread in Bulgaria as the country was established on former territories of the Byzantine Empire, and seems to have been influential. Even one of the sons of Khan Omurtag (r. 814–831), Enravota, converted to Christianity. The Bulgarian nobility was strongly opposed to any form of Byzantine influence in the country and was therefore hostile to Christianity as it was directly associated with the Byzantine Empire. Boris I, however, had many reasons to consider conversion — Bulgaria was situated between two powerful Christian empires, Byzantium and East Francia; Christian doctrine particularly favoured the position of the monarch as God's representative on Earth; and finally, Boris also saw Christianity as a way to overcome the differences between Bulgars and Slavs. The geopolitical situation in the mid 9th century was also favourable because of the increasing friction and rivalry between the Papacy in Rome and the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople for influence in Central Europe. That struggle between the two churches would give the Bulgarian ruler the opportunity to manoeuvre and negotiate with both, thus extracting favourable concessions while keeping the country out of direct foreign influence. When the Byzantines invaded Bulgaria in the autumn of 863 and demanded conversion to Christianity from Constantinople as the single condition to retreat, Boris I readily accepted and was baptised in the beginning of 864, assuming the Christian name Michael after his spiritual godfather, the Byzantine Emperor Michael III. That step was very unpopular among the nobility, but when they rebelled Boris I dealt decisively with them and executed 52 magnates along with their whole families. When in the following year the Byzantines sturdily demonstrated their determination not to allow the existence of an autocephalous Bulgarian Church, Boris I decided to turn to the Papacy.\n Links: a. Enravota b. Slavic paganism c. Byzantine Empire d. Catholic Church", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}180{"query": "Question: Has the person Tyga collaborated with for \"I'm on It\" collaborated with less than 5 people? Passage:American rapper Tyga has released seven studio albums, three compilation albums, nineteen mixtapes, seventy-four singles (including thirty-four as a featured artist) and forty-six music videos. In 2008, Tyga released his first studio album, No Introduction, on the record label Decaydance Records. The album featured the single \"Coconut Juice\", which features singer Travie McCoy; the song peaked at number 94 on the US Billboard Hot 100, becoming Tyga's first song to appear on the chart. In 2010, Tyga and American singer Chris Brown released the collaborative mixtape Fan of a Fan, which included the single \"Deuces\": the song peaked at number 14 on the Billboard Hot 100 and became Tyga's first song to chart on the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, peaking at number one. Tyga also appeared on the song \"Loyalty\", a single by fellow rapper Birdman, and collaborated with rapper Lil Wayne on the non-album single \"I'm on It\", both of which failed to chart on the Billboard Hot 100.\n Links: a. Lil Wayne b. No Introduction c. Chris Brown d. Travie McCoy", "pos": "Question: Are Tyga and the person he collaborated with for Fan of a Fan more than 10 years apart in age? Passage:American rapper Tyga has released seven studio albums, three compilation albums, nineteen mixtapes, seventy-four singles (including thirty-four as a featured artist) and forty-six music videos. In 2008, Tyga released his first studio album, No Introduction, on the record label Decaydance Records. The album featured the single \"Coconut Juice\", which features singer Travie McCoy; the song peaked at number 94 on the US Billboard Hot 100, becoming Tyga's first song to appear on the chart. In 2010, Tyga and American singer Chris Brown released the collaborative mixtape Fan of a Fan, which included the single \"Deuces\": the song peaked at number 14 on the Billboard Hot 100 and became Tyga's first song to chart on the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, peaking at number one. Tyga also appeared on the song \"Loyalty\", a single by fellow rapper Birdman, and collaborated with rapper Lil Wayne on the non-album single \"I'm on It\", both of which failed to chart on the Billboard Hot 100.\n Links: a. Chris Brown b. Single (music) c. Compilation album d. Music video", "neg": "Question: How many mixtapes did Tinie Tempah release before Krept and Konan were featured on Happy Birthday? Passage:In 2011, they released a cover of Jay-Z's and Kanye West's \"Otis\" which helped them rise to fame. The video reached five million views in its first five days of being uploaded to YouTube. However, with much pressure received from Jay-Z's legal team the video was removed from the duo's profile. Undeterred by the controversy, they released a cover of Drake and Lil Wayne's \"The Motto\", launched their own clothing line called Play Dirty and early into 2012 were invited to join the British rapper Skepta on his tour in the UK. They appeared on Tinie Tempah's 2011 mixtape Happy Birthday and in 2013 they released their third mixtape Young Kingz, with features from Chip, Tinie Tempah, G FrSH, Giggs, George the Poet, Yungen, Ari, Yana Toma, Fekky, Siah and Anthony Thomas. The album's promotional single \"Don't Waste My Time\" rose to fame in January 2014, with notable artists such as French Montana, Wretch 32, Chip, G FrSH, Double S, Lady Leshurr, Yungen, Sneakbo MNEK, Dru Blu, Jacob Banks and Dot Rotten all contributing to remixes of the track. Tinie Tempah also freestyled over the beat on Charlie Sloth's Fire in the Booth.\n Links: a. Chip (rapper) b. Zeph Ellis c. Tinie Tempah d. Lil Wayne", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}181{"query": "Question: How many members did the Kach movement have the year Dayan joined them? Passage:Yosef Dayan emigrated to Israel in 1968, and became a member of the right-wing Kach movement. Dayan is the founder of \"Malchut Israel\", a right-wing religious-political group in Israel advocating a return of the monarchy. In 2004, he became a member of the newly reconstituted Sanhedrin, a duplicate of the religious tribunal which convened during the time of the Second Temple, a group that had traditionally had seventy-one members. He has also achieved certain notoriety for his alleged central participation in so-called \"death curse\" ceremonies or Pulsa diNura aimed at Yitzhak Rabin and Ariel Sharon. These curses were presumably to request divine retribution after those former Prime Ministers advocated Israeli withdrawal from certain areas considered by some as inalienable parts of the promised land. Incidentally, Yitzhak Rabin was murdered soon after the first curse, and Ariel Sharon left in a persistent vegetative state after a brain haemorrhage following the second. He is also known to have supported Baruch Goldstein's (a fellow Meir Kahane disciple) terrorist actions in the Cave of the Patriarch's Massacre.\n Links: a. Kach and Kahane Chai b. Promised Land c. Baruch Goldstein d. Ariel Sharon", "pos": "Question: How large was Israel's GDP the year Dayan emigrated to that country? Passage:Yosef Dayan emigrated to Israel in 1968, and became a member of the right-wing Kach movement. Dayan is the founder of \"Malchut Israel\", a right-wing religious-political group in Israel advocating a return of the monarchy. In 2004, he became a member of the newly reconstituted Sanhedrin, a duplicate of the religious tribunal which convened during the time of the Second Temple, a group that had traditionally had seventy-one members. He has also achieved certain notoriety for his alleged central participation in so-called \"death curse\" ceremonies or Pulsa diNura aimed at Yitzhak Rabin and Ariel Sharon. These curses were presumably to request divine retribution after those former Prime Ministers advocated Israeli withdrawal from certain areas considered by some as inalienable parts of the promised land. Incidentally, Yitzhak Rabin was murdered soon after the first curse, and Ariel Sharon left in a persistent vegetative state after a brain haemorrhage following the second. He is also known to have supported Baruch Goldstein's (a fellow Meir Kahane disciple) terrorist actions in the Cave of the Patriarch's Massacre.\n Links: a. Israel b. Ariel Sharon c. Kach and Kahane Chai d. Ariel Sharon", "neg": "Question: Who was older the year Sanhedrin was reconstituted, Ariel Sharon or Yitzhak Rabin? Passage:Yosef Dayan emigrated to Israel in 1968, and became a member of the right-wing Kach movement. Dayan is the founder of \"Malchut Israel\", a right-wing religious-political group in Israel advocating a return of the monarchy. In 2004, he became a member of the newly reconstituted Sanhedrin, a duplicate of the religious tribunal which convened during the time of the Second Temple, a group that had traditionally had seventy-one members. He has also achieved certain notoriety for his alleged central participation in so-called \"death curse\" ceremonies or Pulsa diNura aimed at Yitzhak Rabin and Ariel Sharon. These curses were presumably to request divine retribution after those former Prime Ministers advocated Israeli withdrawal from certain areas considered by some as inalienable parts of the promised land. Incidentally, Yitzhak Rabin was murdered soon after the first curse, and Ariel Sharon left in a persistent vegetative state after a brain haemorrhage following the second. He is also known to have supported Baruch Goldstein's (a fellow Meir Kahane disciple) terrorist actions in the Cave of the Patriarch's Massacre.\n Links: a. Cave of the Patriarchs massacre b. Yitzhak Rabin c. Kach and Kahane Chai d. Israel", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}182{"query": "Question: What version of iOS was current the year Bejeweled 2 was released on the platform? Passage:Bejeweled 2 is a tile-matching puzzle video game. The sequel to Bejeweled, it was developed and published by PopCap Games. In 2004, Bejeweled 2 Deluxe was released, which includes extra game modes and features. Bejeweled 2 Deluxe was released for the Xbox 360 as a downloadable Xbox Live Arcade game on November 22, 2005. In 2007, the game was released on the PlayStation 2 alongside another PopCap game, AstroPop as a two-game compilation pack as PopCap Hits! Volume 1. PopCap also released a version for iOS in 2008. Bejeweled 2 was also released for PlayStation 3 on the PlayStation Network on January 29, 2009, on the Wii via WiiWare on June 14, 2010, and on PlayStation Portable on June 29, 2010, and for Android. As with the original Bejeweled, Bejeweled 2 is based on the Shariki game mechanic.\n Links: a. Xbox Live Arcade b. Shariki c. Ios d. PlayStation 3", "pos": "Question: What was the first game produced by Bullfrog Productions? Passage:Peter Molyneux founded Bullfrog Productions in 1987, which was later acquired by Electronic Arts (EA) in 1995. Around 1996, Molyneux had contemplated leaving Bullfrog, as he felt limited in his creative freedom under Electronic Arts. He along with Lionhead's eventual co-founders, Mark Webley, Tim Rance and Steve Jackson, started developing plans for a new studio. In 1997, due to a series of events and from issues arising between Molyneux and Electronic Arts, he ultimately left the company in July 1997, co-founding Lionhead shortly after that, along with Mark Webley, Tim Rance, and Steve Jackson (who co-founded Games Workshop and co-authored the Fighting Fantasy series). On his recruitment, Jackson said \"It was an offer I couldn't refuse\", as he wanted to get back to making games instead of writing about them (Jackson had interviewed Molyneux about Bullfrog and Dungeon Keeper, but for much of it, they discussed German board games instead. This led to them meeting frequently for an event called \"Games Night\"). Molyneux assured him that his lack of programming knowledge was an asset rather than a problem. Lionhead is the second Bullfrog break-off group, after Mucky Foot Productions (founded in February 1997). According to Glenn Corpes (who co-founded another: Lost Toys), Lionhead was Molyneux's \"take on what Bullfrog used was\".\n Links: a. Peter Molyneux b. Peter Molyneux c. Bullfrog Productions d. Steve Jackson (British game designer)", "neg": "Question: Did iOS or Android have more users when Bejeweled 2 was released for PlayStation 3? Passage:Bejeweled 2 is a tile-matching puzzle video game. The sequel to Bejeweled, it was developed and published by PopCap Games. In 2004, Bejeweled 2 Deluxe was released, which includes extra game modes and features. Bejeweled 2 Deluxe was released for the Xbox 360 as a downloadable Xbox Live Arcade game on November 22, 2005. In 2007, the game was released on the PlayStation 2 alongside another PopCap game, AstroPop as a two-game compilation pack as PopCap Hits! Volume 1. PopCap also released a version for iOS in 2008. Bejeweled 2 was also released for PlayStation 3 on the PlayStation Network on January 29, 2009, on the Wii via WiiWare on June 14, 2010, and on PlayStation Portable on June 29, 2010, and for Android. As with the original Bejeweled, Bejeweled 2 is based on the Shariki game mechanic.\n Links: a. Ios b. Xbox 360 c. WiiWare d. Ios", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}183{"query": "Question: Which team had the better record in the 2019-2020 season, the team Minshew played in Week 2 or the team he played against in Week 3? Passage:On September 8, 2019, Minshew made his NFL debut against the Kansas City Chiefs when starter Nick Foles was taken out of the game due to a shoulder injury. He completed 22 of 25 passes for 275 yards, two touchdowns and an interception in the 40–26 loss. Minshew's pass completion percentage of 88% is the highest of any player making his debut in NFL history (minimum 15 pass attempts, since at least 1950), and also the highest single-game pass completion percentage in Jaguars history. Minshew was named the starter going forward after it was revealed that Foles had suffered a broken clavicle. During Week 2 against the Houston Texans, Minshew finished with 213 passing yards and a touchdown along with 56 rushing yards as the Jaguars lost 13–12. In Week 3, against the Tennessee Titans on Thursday Night Football, he earned his first victory as a professional. He passed for 204 yards and two touchdowns in the 20–7 victory. In Week 4, against the Denver Broncos, he passed for 213 yards and two touchdowns in the 26–24 victory. Late in the game, he engineered a drive that helped set up the Jaguars' game-winning field goal by Josh Lambo. During Week 5 against the Carolina Panthers, Minshew finished with 374 passing yards and two touchdowns as the Jaguars lost 27–34. After a Week 6 loss to the New Orleans Saints and a Week 7 victory over the Cincinnati Bengals, he had 279 passing yards and three passing touchdowns in a 29–15 victory over the New York Jets. During Week 9 against the Texans at Wembley Stadium, Minshew finished with 309 passing yards and 2 interceptions as the Jaguars lost 3–26. Days later, it was announced that Minshew would resume the backup role after Foles returned from his collar bone injury.\n Links: a. 2019 Houston Texans season b. 2019 Houston Texans season c. Wembley Stadium d. Josh Lambo", "pos": "Question: What year was the stadium where Minshew played against the Texans built? Passage:On September 8, 2019, Minshew made his NFL debut against the Kansas City Chiefs when starter Nick Foles was taken out of the game due to a shoulder injury. He completed 22 of 25 passes for 275 yards, two touchdowns and an interception in the 40–26 loss. Minshew's pass completion percentage of 88% is the highest of any player making his debut in NFL history (minimum 15 pass attempts, since at least 1950), and also the highest single-game pass completion percentage in Jaguars history. Minshew was named the starter going forward after it was revealed that Foles had suffered a broken clavicle. During Week 2 against the Houston Texans, Minshew finished with 213 passing yards and a touchdown along with 56 rushing yards as the Jaguars lost 13–12. In Week 3, against the Tennessee Titans on Thursday Night Football, he earned his first victory as a professional. He passed for 204 yards and two touchdowns in the 20–7 victory. In Week 4, against the Denver Broncos, he passed for 213 yards and two touchdowns in the 26–24 victory. Late in the game, he engineered a drive that helped set up the Jaguars' game-winning field goal by Josh Lambo. During Week 5 against the Carolina Panthers, Minshew finished with 374 passing yards and two touchdowns as the Jaguars lost 27–34. After a Week 6 loss to the New Orleans Saints and a Week 7 victory over the Cincinnati Bengals, he had 279 passing yards and three passing touchdowns in a 29–15 victory over the New York Jets. During Week 9 against the Texans at Wembley Stadium, Minshew finished with 309 passing yards and 2 interceptions as the Jaguars lost 3–26. Days later, it was announced that Minshew would resume the backup role after Foles returned from his collar bone injury.\n Links: a. Wembley Stadium b. Nick Foles c. 2019 Tennessee Titans season d. 2019 Cincinnati Bengals season", "neg": "Question: Which team had more losses, the team Minshew lost to in Week 6, or the team Minshew was victorious over in Week 7? Passage:On September 8, 2019, Minshew made his NFL debut against the Kansas City Chiefs when starter Nick Foles was taken out of the game due to a shoulder injury. He completed 22 of 25 passes for 275 yards, two touchdowns and an interception in the 40–26 loss. Minshew's pass completion percentage of 88% is the highest of any player making his debut in NFL history (minimum 15 pass attempts, since at least 1950), and also the highest single-game pass completion percentage in Jaguars history. Minshew was named the starter going forward after it was revealed that Foles had suffered a broken clavicle. During Week 2 against the Houston Texans, Minshew finished with 213 passing yards and a touchdown along with 56 rushing yards as the Jaguars lost 13–12. In Week 3, against the Tennessee Titans on Thursday Night Football, he earned his first victory as a professional. He passed for 204 yards and two touchdowns in the 20–7 victory. In Week 4, against the Denver Broncos, he passed for 213 yards and two touchdowns in the 26–24 victory. Late in the game, he engineered a drive that helped set up the Jaguars' game-winning field goal by Josh Lambo. During Week 5 against the Carolina Panthers, Minshew finished with 374 passing yards and two touchdowns as the Jaguars lost 27–34. After a Week 6 loss to the New Orleans Saints and a Week 7 victory over the Cincinnati Bengals, he had 279 passing yards and three passing touchdowns in a 29–15 victory over the New York Jets. During Week 9 against the Texans at Wembley Stadium, Minshew finished with 309 passing yards and 2 interceptions as the Jaguars lost 3–26. Days later, it was announced that Minshew would resume the backup role after Foles returned from his collar bone injury.\n Links: a. 2019 Cincinnati Bengals season b. 2019 New Orleans Saints season c. Nick Foles d. Josh Lambo", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}184{"query": "Question: What age was Socarras when Batista returned from Florida to run for president? Passage:Fulgencio Batista y Zaldívar (; ; born Rubén Zaldívar; January 16, 1901 – August 6, 1973) was a Cuban military officer and politician who served as the elected President of Cuba from 1940 to 1944, and as its U.S.-backed military dictator from 1952 to 1959, before being overthrown during the Cuban Revolution. Batista initially rose to power as part of the 1933 Revolt of the Sergeants, which overthrew the provisional government of Carlos Manuel de Céspedes y Quesada. He then appointed himself chief of the armed forces, with the rank of colonel, and effectively controlled the five-member \"pentarchy\" that functioned as the collective head of state. He maintained this control through a string of puppet presidents until 1940, when he was himself elected President of Cuba on a populist platform. He then instated the 1940 Constitution of Cuba and served until 1944. After finishing his term he lived in Florida, returning to Cuba to run for president in 1952. Facing certain electoral defeat, he led a military coup against President Carlos Prío Socarrás that preempted the election.\n Links: a. Sergeants' Revolt b. Cuban Revolution c. Carlos Prío Socarrás d. Sergeants' Revolt", "pos": "Question: Was the first president still alive when Santander was elected President? Passage:The Office of the Presidency goes back to the Congress of Angostura. This quasi-constituent assembly was formed to lay the ground work for a self-ruled governing administration after independence. The Constituent Assembly was formed by regional leaders that represented areas under rebel control; these areas did not include parts of what is now Colombia, as those areas were still under Spanish control, but aimed to legislate on its behalf. Congress elected an interim-executive officer and vested this figure with the title of President. Chosen to be first President of Colombia, was General Simón Bolívar y Palacios, leader of the revolutionary forces, who up to that point was titled \"Supreme Chief\" for his role in the revolution. The following day, Congress elected Francisco Antonio Zea Díaz, first Vice President of Colombia. Bolívar was subsequently re-elected interim President by the Angostura Assembly on after Colombia was conquered following the Battle of Boyacá, and elected again in 1821 in a permanent interim basis, pending national elections, by the Congress of Cúcuta, another constituent assembly mandated by the Angostura Assembly, and this time with elected officials representing the Colombian territories, during this time, and until 1826, the executive power was entrusted to the Vice President Francisco de Paula Santander y Omaña, while Bolívar was away in battle fighting to liberate Spanish colonies in Bolivia, and Peru. Bolívar was formally elected in a national election in 1826 for a period of four years, but on 27 August 1828, Bolívar declared martial law and assumed dictatorship style powers after the Congress of Ocaña failed to pass a new constitution. Bolívar eventually relinquished power in 1830, and Congress elected Joaquín de Mosquera y Arboleda as his successor, but was shortly deposed by General Rafael Urdaneta y Faría who hoped Bolívar would once again re-take power, but Bolívar not only declined the Presidency, but also shortly died, leaving Urdaneta with no mandate for power. Urdaneta ceded executive-power to the Vice President Domingo Caycedo y Sanz de Santamaría, as Congress had impeached Mosquera for his failure to prevent the coup; during this time, and until 1832 the Presidency remained vacant as there was no law for succession of power. In 1832, former Vice President Santander was elected by Congress as President of Gran Colombia, and it would be the last, since the territories of Venezuela and Ecuador broke away, which prompted the drafting of a new constitution.\n Links: a. Constituent assembly b. Rafael Urdaneta c. Simón Bolívar d. Simón Bolívar", "neg": "Question: In which country did Batista live after he finished his term as President of Cuba? Passage:Fulgencio Batista y Zaldívar (; ; born Rubén Zaldívar; January 16, 1901 – August 6, 1973) was a Cuban military officer and politician who served as the elected President of Cuba from 1940 to 1944, and as its U.S.-backed military dictator from 1952 to 1959, before being overthrown during the Cuban Revolution. Batista initially rose to power as part of the 1933 Revolt of the Sergeants, which overthrew the provisional government of Carlos Manuel de Céspedes y Quesada. He then appointed himself chief of the armed forces, with the rank of colonel, and effectively controlled the five-member \"pentarchy\" that functioned as the collective head of state. He maintained this control through a string of puppet presidents until 1940, when he was himself elected President of Cuba on a populist platform. He then instated the 1940 Constitution of Cuba and served until 1944. After finishing his term he lived in Florida, returning to Cuba to run for president in 1952. Facing certain electoral defeat, he led a military coup against President Carlos Prío Socarrás that preempted the election.\n Links: a. Florida b. Carlos Manuel de Céspedes y Quesada c. 1940 Constitution of Cuba d. Florida", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}185{"query": "Question: In what country does the Socialist, Radical, Citizen and Miscellaneous Left group operate? Passage:After leaving the PS along with Jean-Luc Mélenchon to co-found the Left Party, Marc Dolez left the Socialist, Radical, Citizen and Miscellaneous Left group to join the GDR group as an associate deputy before becoming a member on 27 January 2009. On 11 July 2010, Anny Poursinoff of the Greens was elected in a by-election in Yvelines's 10th constituency, defeating Jean-Frédéric Poisson, thus becoming the 26th member of the GDR group. On 1 September 2010, the Green deputy Yves Cochet took over the presidency of the GDR group. Maxime Gremetz was expelled from the group on 12 April 2011 after interrupting a parliamentary meeting about the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster, and subsequently resigned from his seat on 16 May. Cochet left the GDR group on 6 December after being designated as an MEP, and was replaced by Roland Muzeau; this decision reflected the dissatisfaction of the Left Front at the decision of their ecologist partners, now known as Europe Ecology – The Greens (EELV), to present a common candidate with the PS against incumbent François Asensi in Seine-Saint-Denis's 11th constituency. The four ecologist deputies subsequently left the GDR group, Cochet departing on 6 December to take his seat as an MEP and the three others quitting on 7 December. Jacques Desallangre left the group on 17 February 2012.\n Links: a. Jean-Luc Mélenchon b. Member of the European Parliament c. Socialist group, associated (National Assembly) d. Socialist group, associated (National Assembly)", "pos": "Question: Is the creator of the Danish People's Party still alive? Passage:The Danish People's Party (DPP) (, DF) is a political party in Denmark that is generally described as right-wing populist by academics and far-right by international media. It has also been described in academia and the media as a nativist and anti-immigrant party. The party was founded in 1995 by Pia Kjærsgaard, who was the leader of the party until 2012, when she passed the leadership on to Kristian Thulesen Dahl. The DPP lent its support to the Liberal-Conservative government that ruled from the general election of 2001 until the 2011 election defeat. While not part of the cabinet, DPP cooperated closely with the governing coalition on most issues and received support for key political stances in return, to the point that the government was commonly referred to as the \"VKO-government\" (O being DPP's election symbol). It also provided parliamentary support to Lars Løkke Rasmussen's cabinets from 2016-2019, again without participating in it.\n Links: a. Venstre (Denmark) b. Opposition to immigration c. Pia Kjærsgaard d. Far-right politics", "neg": "Question: Is the political party that held a Second Congress in Brussels still active? Passage:Yakov Hanecki was born in Warsaw, then in the Russian Empire, the son of Stanislav von Fürstenberg, a beer manufacturer of German descent, who had adopted Poland as his homeland. In 1896 he joined the Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland (SDKP - later the Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania (SDKPiL)) led by Rosa Luxemburg and her lover, Leo Jogiches. He moved to Germany in 1901 and studied in rapid succession at Berlin, Heidelberg, and Zurich universities. From 1902, he was a professional revolutionary, normally based in Cracow, under Austrian rule, organising the transport of illegal literature across the Russian border. In August 1903, as a member of the Main Administration of the SDKPiL, he was one of two Polish delegates to the Second Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) in Brussels. The Congress later adjourned to London, under pressure from the Belgian police, and there the RSDLP split into its Bolshevik and Menshevik factions, but Hanecki and the other Polish delegate, Adolf Warski, did not make the journey to London, having failed to agree terms on which the RSDLP and SDKPiL could collaborate.\n Links: a. Leo Jogiches b. Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania c. Mensheviks d. Russian Social Democratic Labour Party", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}186{"query": "Question: How close was James Duffy's congressional race against James Whitley? Passage:He was elected to Congress in 1934, having defeated incumbent Republican James L. Whitley and represented New York's 38th congressional district from January 3, 1935 until January 3, 1937, departing due to his defeat for renomination in 1936. He was then appointed by Governor Lehman to the New York Supreme Court on April 20, 1937 and served until December 31, 1937. He was defeated by Nathan Lapham in the subsequent election and served until December 31, 1937. Duffy practiced law in partnership from 1938 onward, and sat on the New York State Probation Commission from 1938-44. During the course of his life, Duffy was ubiquitous in the Rochester, New York region. He was a founder and for fifty-two years Director of Family Services of Rochester, fifty-two years a Trustee of the Chamber of Commerce, thirty-four years a counsel to the local Red Cross, forty-two years a Trustee of the Community Chest, thirty-four years a Commissioner of the Rochester Museum, thirty-four years a Trustee of the Rochester Savings Bank, thirty-two years a Director and one year President of the local Automobile Club, fifty-two years a Trustee of St. Patrick's Church and three years a functionary of the United Service Organization. He was a member of nine different clubs and brotherhoods. He received numerous honors during the course of his life, most notable his designation as a Knight of St. Gregory and a Knight of Malta by Pope Pius XI. One report indicated that he went to Mass every day, carried a missal at all times, and meticulously recorded in all his diaries. Duffy died at St. Anne's Home in Rochester, New York on January 8, 1969 and was laid to rest in Holy Sepulchre Cemetery. \"James P. B. Duffy School No. 12\" in Rochester, New York was named in his honor.\n Links: a. United Service Organizations b. International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement c. New York's 38th congressional district d. James L. Whitley", "pos": "Question: What other offices did the person who Wadsworth defeated in 1914 for election to the U.S. Senate?  Passage:In 1912, he ran for Lieutenant Governor of New York on the Republican ticket with Job. E. Hedges, but was defeated. In 1914, at the first popular election for the U.S. Senate (until 1911, the U.S. senators had been elected by the New York State Legislature), Wadsworth defeated Democrat James W. Gerard (the incumbent United States Ambassador to Germany) and Progressive Bainbridge Colby. Wadsworth was the Senate Minority Whip in 1915 because the Democrats held the majority of Senate seats. He was re-elected in 1920, but defeated by Democrat Robert F. Wagner in 1926. In 1921, Wadsworth was considered for the post of Secretary of War by President Warren G. Harding but was ultimately passed over in favor of John W. Weeks.\n Links: a. Bainbridge Colby b. 1912 New York state election c. Party leaders of the United States Senate d. James W. Gerard", "neg": "Question: Who was head of the DOJ during Duffy's service as an Assistant United States Attorney? Passage:Born on January 10, 1933, in New York City, New York, Duffy received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Fordham University in 1954 and a Bachelor of Laws from the Fordham University School of Law in 1958. He clerked for Judge J. Edward Lumbard at the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (1955–1958). Duffy served as an Assistant United States Attorney (1958–1959) and assistant chief of the Criminal Division (1959–1961) at the office of the United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York before going into private practice as an associate with the New York City firm Whitman, Ransom & Coulson (1961–1966). He later became a partner with Gordon & Gordon (1966–1969). Duffy later appointed New York regional administrator of the Securities and Exchange Commission office (1969–1972). His tenure as Regional Administrator of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission was in a time of turmoil in Wall Street. He is viewed by many as having been the first proponent within the Commission of what eventually became Securities Investor Protection Corporation or SIPC.\n Links: a. Partner (business rank) b. Fordham University c. Assistant United States attorney d. Academic degree", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}187{"query": "Question: Which player was the youngest when they set and tied the previous field goal record of 63 yards? Passage:The longest field goal kick in NFL history is 64 yards, a record set by Matt Prater on December 8, 2013. The previous record was 63, originally set by Tom Dempsey (1970) and then matched by Jason Elam (1998), Sebastian Janikowski (2011), David Akers (2012), Graham Gano (2018), and Brett Maher (2019). The record in the CFL is 62 yards, set by Paul McCallum on October 27, 2001. High school, college and most professional football leagues offer only a three-point field goal; however, some professional leagues have encouraged more rare kicks through four-point field goals. NFL Europe encouraged long field goals of 50 yards or more by making those worth four points instead of three (much like Australian rules' Super Goal or basketball's three-point line), a rule since adopted by the Stars Football League. Similarly, the sport of arena football sought (unsuccessfully) to repopularize the drop kick by making that worth four points; it failed, since only one kicker (Brian Mitchell) was able to do it with any semblance of proficiency. (In six-man football, where there is no offensive line, all field goals are worth four points instead of the usual three.)\n Links: a. Tom Dempsey b. Graham Gano c. Sebastian Janikowski d. Sebastian Janikowski", "pos": "Question: Of the former  and current NFL players sharing the record for number of seasons selected to play in the Pro Bowl, which is the youngest? Passage:Merlin Jay Olsen (; September 15, 1940 – March 11, 2010) was an American football player, announcer, and actor. He played his entire 15-year professional football career in National Football League (NFL) as a defensive tackle with the Los Angeles Rams. He was selected to the Pro Bowl a record 14 straight times, missing selection only in the last year of his career. This record of 14 seasons selected to play in the Pro Bowl, consecutive or otherwise, is shared with current New England Patriots quarterback Tom Brady, former offensive lineman Bruce Matthews, former tight end Tony Gonzalez, and former quarterback Peyton Manning. A recipient of the 1961 Outland Trophy as the best lineman in college football, Olsen is a member of the Pro Football Hall of Fame and the College Football Hall of Fame. As an actor, he portrayed farmer Jonathan Garvey on Little House on the Prairie. After leaving that series, he starred in his own NBC drama, Father Murphy.\n Links: a. Peyton Manning b. Little House on the Prairie (TV series) c. Tony Gonzalez d. Pro Bowl", "neg": "Question: Who was the opposing team when Prater kicked the longest field goal in NFL history? Passage:The longest field goal kick in NFL history is 64 yards, a record set by Matt Prater on December 8, 2013. The previous record was 63, originally set by Tom Dempsey (1970) and then matched by Jason Elam (1998), Sebastian Janikowski (2011), David Akers (2012), Graham Gano (2018), and Brett Maher (2019). The record in the CFL is 62 yards, set by Paul McCallum on October 27, 2001. High school, college and most professional football leagues offer only a three-point field goal; however, some professional leagues have encouraged more rare kicks through four-point field goals. NFL Europe encouraged long field goals of 50 yards or more by making those worth four points instead of three (much like Australian rules' Super Goal or basketball's three-point line), a rule since adopted by the Stars Football League. Similarly, the sport of arena football sought (unsuccessfully) to repopularize the drop kick by making that worth four points; it failed, since only one kicker (Brian Mitchell) was able to do it with any semblance of proficiency. (In six-man football, where there is no offensive line, all field goals are worth four points instead of the usual three.)\n Links: a. Drop kick b. Super goal c. Tom Dempsey d. Matt Prater", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}188{"query": "Question: When was the instrument Terri learned to play starting at age 3 invented? Passage:Gibbs was born in Miami, Florida, but raised in the Augusta, Georgia, suburb of Grovetown. Although born with eyesight, she lost it as a newborn due to an incubator accident. Despite her blindness, she learned to play piano at age three. As a child, she sang in the church choir and at talent contests, and at age seventeen, she opened for Bill Anderson. Her parents wanted her to be treated no differently from sighted people and she was sent to public school, graduating from Butler High School in Augusta in 1972. She performed in and around the Augusta area and eventually, she met Chet Atkins, who advised her to move to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue a country music career, which she did at age eighteen. After failing to find a record deal, she returned to Miami and joined a band called Sound Dimension. She continued to perform locally, later forming a band called the Terri Gibbs Trio, which performed at a Steak and Ale in Augusta, Georgia. Gibbs then sent a demo tape to record producer Ed Penney of MCA Records, signing to the label in 1980. Penney was a former Boston disc jockey and a long-time songwriter. He liked her voice on her demo, but felt she needed stronger material. He co-wrote \"Somebody's Knockin'\" for her and also produced the song.\n Links: a. Piano b. Chet Atkins c. MCA Records d. Piano", "pos": "Question: How old was Emmylou Harris when Tony Brown left her band? Passage:Following stints with the Dixie Melody Boys and Trav'lers Quartets, he joined J. D. Sumner and the Stamps Quartet in 1966. In 1972, he traveled briefly with the Blackwood Brothers, thereafter joining the Oak Ridge Boys as a member of The Mighty Oaks Band. Brown also played piano for Elvis Presley. He toured with the TCB Band for much of Presley's final two years and was a part of the 1976 \"Jungle Room\" recording sessions at Graceland. In 1979, he joined Emmylou Harris's backing band, the Hot Band, taking over for former Presley sideman Glen D. Hardin. Brown stayed with Harris until 1981. Later, he became a session musician in Nashville and toured with acts such as Rosanne Cash.\n Links: a. Emmylou Harris b. Session musician c. Emmylou Harris d. Session musician", "neg": "Question: Are there any colleges in the suburb where Terri grew up? Passage:Gibbs was born in Miami, Florida, but raised in the Augusta, Georgia, suburb of Grovetown. Although born with eyesight, she lost it as a newborn due to an incubator accident. Despite her blindness, she learned to play piano at age three. As a child, she sang in the church choir and at talent contests, and at age seventeen, she opened for Bill Anderson. Her parents wanted her to be treated no differently from sighted people and she was sent to public school, graduating from Butler High School in Augusta in 1972. She performed in and around the Augusta area and eventually, she met Chet Atkins, who advised her to move to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue a country music career, which she did at age eighteen. After failing to find a record deal, she returned to Miami and joined a band called Sound Dimension. She continued to perform locally, later forming a band called the Terri Gibbs Trio, which performed at a Steak and Ale in Augusta, Georgia. Gibbs then sent a demo tape to record producer Ed Penney of MCA Records, signing to the label in 1980. Penney was a former Boston disc jockey and a long-time songwriter. He liked her voice on her demo, but felt she needed stronger material. He co-wrote \"Somebody's Knockin'\" for her and also produced the song.\n Links: a. Choir b. Grovetown, Georgia c. Record producer d. Chet Atkins", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}189{"query": "Question: What country was the Battle of Port Arthur fought in? Passage:The cruiser Bayan (Russian: Баян) was the name ship of the four armoured cruisers built for the Imperial Russian Navy in the first decade of the 20th century. The ship had to be built in France because there was no available capacity in Russia. Bayan was assigned to the First Pacific Squadron after completion and based at Port Arthur from the end of 1903. She suffered minor damage during the Battle of Port Arthur at the beginning of the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–05 and supported destroyers as they patrolled outside the harbour. After bombarding Japanese positions in July 1904, the ship struck a mine and was out of action for the next several months. Bayan was sunk during the Siege of Port Arthur and was then salvaged by the Japanese after the war.\n Links: a. Russo-Japanese War b. Imperial Russian Navy c. Imperial Russian Navy d. Battle of Port Arthur", "pos": "Question: What country won the Russo-Japanese War? Passage:The cruiser Bayan (Russian: Баян) was the name ship of the four armoured cruisers built for the Imperial Russian Navy in the first decade of the 20th century. The ship had to be built in France because there was no available capacity in Russia. Bayan was assigned to the First Pacific Squadron after completion and based at Port Arthur from the end of 1903. She suffered minor damage during the Battle of Port Arthur at the beginning of the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–05 and supported destroyers as they patrolled outside the harbour. After bombarding Japanese positions in July 1904, the ship struck a mine and was out of action for the next several months. Bayan was sunk during the Siege of Port Arthur and was then salvaged by the Japanese after the war.\n Links: a. Destroyer b. Battle of Port Arthur c. Battle of Port Arthur d. Russo-Japanese War", "neg": "Question: Which country had control over Saipan when Yamagumo arrived as an escort? Passage:At the time of the attack on Pearl Harbor, Yamagumo, under the command of Lieutenant Commander Yasuji Koga, was flagship of the 3rd Special Attack Force in the invasion of the Philippines, covering landings at Camiguin Island and Lingayen. However, on 31 December, she suffered severe damage after striking a Japanese naval mine. She was towed to Hong Kong for repairs in early February, and then limped to Yokosuka Naval Arsenal by 7 April. She remained under repair until 15 May 1942 but remained based at Yokosuka through the end of August 1942. She made one escort mission to Saipan at the end of December 1942. In February 1943, while attempting to escort Tatsuta Maru to Truk, she was unable to prevent the former luxury liner from being torpedoed by the submarine with the loss of 1,400 lives just east-southeast of Mikurajima.\n Links: a. Yokosuka Naval Arsenal b. Saipan c. Tatsuta Maru d. Tatsuta Maru", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}190{"query": "Question: Which organization that nominated the duo for awards in 1992 was older? Passage:Sacred Ground, the band's second album, came out in 1992. This album was McBride & the Ride's most successful, with all three of its singles reaching Top 5 on the country charts: \"Sacred Ground\" at number 2, followed by \"Going Out of My Mind\" (which McBride co-wrote with Kostas) and \"Just One Night,\" both at number 5. \"Sacred Ground\" was co-written by Kix Brooks, who had previously released the song in 1989 from his self-titled debut album for Capitol Records before joining Ronnie Dunn to form Brooks & Dunn in 1991. In 1992, McBride & the Ride received a Best New Vocal Group or Duo nomination from the Country Music Association and Vocal Group of the Year nomination from the Academy of Country Music. More than four years after its release, Sacred Ground was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America for shipping 500,000 copies. Despite these sales, McBride remarked that the band still nearly lost its recording contract, due to other artists on the label selling even more strongly.\n Links: a. Sacred Ground (song) b. Academy of Country Music c. Country Music Association d. Country Music Association", "pos": "Question: What were the names of the brothers who originally recorded the only single taken off Upfront  Down Low? Passage:Teddy's third album, Upfront & Down Low, was released on Verve Forecast in the United States on 17 July 2007, and in the UK and Europe later in 2007. The album contains covers of many of Teddy's favourite country songs, plus one of his own compositions, entitled \"Down Low\". It offers covers of country classics such as George Jones' \"She Thinks I Still Care,\" Ernest Tubb's \"Walking the Floor Over You\", and Liz Anderson's \"(My Friends Are Gonna Be) Strangers\", made famous by Merle Haggard. Lesser-known songs include Felice and Boudleaux Bryant's \"Change of Heart\" (originally recorded by The Everly Brothers), Dolly Parton's bittersweet \"My Blue Tears,\" Bob Luman's \"Let's Think About Living\", and the Elvis Presley \"I'm Left, You're Right, She's Gone.\" Six tracks feature string arrangements by English arranger Robert Kirby, renowned for his work with Nick Drake. \"My Blue Tears\" features strings arranged by Thompson cohort Rufus Wainwright. The only single taken off Upfront & Down Low was \"Change of Heart\".\n Links: a. (My Friends Are Gonna Be) Strangers b. (My Friends Are Gonna Be) Strangers c. The Everly Brothers d. (My Friends Are Gonna Be) Strangers", "neg": "Question: Have either of the women who were nominated for the same award Kelly was in 1993 released any new music in the past two years? Passage:MCA embarked on a big marketing campaign to tout Willis after she recorded her first album on the label, the 1990 album Well Travelled Love. MCA ensured that Willis was interviewed by several national magazines including unusual venues like Vogue and Mademoiselle. Her voice appeared in the 1991 Ridley Scott-produced movie Thelma and Louise, singing \"Little Honey.\" Willis also had a small part in Tim Robbins’ 1992 film Bob Roberts. Willis appears as the young woman standing in a shallow stream in Dwight Yoakam's video of \"A Thousand Miles from Nowhere,\" as well as a member of Vince Gill's \"pickup band\" in his Don't Let Our Love Start Slippin' Away video. She was also nominated for Top New Female Vocalist of the year at the 1993 ACM Awards along with Faith Hill and Lari White (Hill wound up winning the award). Despite of all the publicity and positive reviews from most reviewers, Well Travelled Love and Willis’s subsequent albums for MCA (Bang Bang in 1991 and Kelly Willis in 1993) sold modestly and received very little radio play. During this time, Willis felt uncomfortable with the way she was marketed by MCA. In 1994, MCA released Willis from her contract.\n Links: a. Thelma & Louise b. Faith Hill c. Bang Bang (Kelly Willis album) d. Lari White", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}191{"query": "Question: Which New York City law firm that Torres worked for during her early career was found first? Passage:Torres was born in 1959 in New York City. She received her Artium Baccalaureus degree, magna cum laude, in 1981 from Harvard College and her Juris Doctor in 1984 from Columbia Law School. She spent the early portion of her legal career as a real estate associate at three New York City law firms (associate at Patterson, Belknap, Webb & Tyler from 1988 to 1992; associate at Coudert Brothers from 1985 to 1987, and an associate at Kaye Scholer from 1984 to 1985). From 1992 to 1999, she clerked for Justice Elliot Wilk of the New York Supreme Court; she served as a Commissioner of the New York City Planning Commission from 1993 to 1995. From 2000 to 2002, Torres was a judge of the New York City Criminal Court. From 2003 to 2004, she was a judge on the New York City Civil Court. She served as an Acting Justice of the New York Supreme Court in the Bronx from 2004 to 2009, and became an elected Justice of that court in 2010, handling criminal felony cases, serving until 2013.\n Links: a. Bachelor of Arts b. Bachelor of Arts c. Patterson Belknap Webb & Tyler d. Columbia Law School", "pos": "Question: Which of the schools Martin received Bachelor degrees from was founded first? Passage:Born in Brooklyn, New York, Martin received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Manhattan College in 1957 and a Bachelor of Laws from Columbia Law School in 1961. He was a law clerk for Judge Leonard P. Moore of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit from 1961 to 1962. He was an Assistant United States Attorney of the Southern District of New York from 1962 to 1966. He was in private practice in Nyack, New York from 1966 to 1967. He was an Assistant to the Solicitor General of the United States from 1967 to 1969. He was in private practice in New York City from 1969 to 1980. He was the United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York from 1980 to 1983. He was in private practice in New York City from 1983 to 1990.\n Links: a. New York City b. Columbia Law School c. Manhattan College d. New York City", "neg": "Question: Where was the judge that Bates was a law clerk for born? Passage:Bates was a law clerk for Judge Roszel Cathcart Thomsen of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland from 1976 to 1977 and was an associate at Steptoe & Johnson from 1977 to 1980. He served as an Assistant United States Attorney for the District of Columbia from 1980 to 1987, and was Chief of the Civil Division of the United States Attorney's Office from 1987 to 1997. Bates was on detail as Deputy Independent Counsel for the Whitewater investigation from 1995 to mid-1997. In 1998, he joined the Washington, D.C. law firm of Miller & Chevalier, where he was Chair of the Government Contracts/Litigation Department and a member of the Executive Committee. From September 1995 until leaving in March 1997, Bates worked as Deputy Independent Counsel for Kenneth Starr and the Independent Counsel's office during the investigation into President Bill Clinton.\n Links: a. Roszel Cathcart Thomsen b. Roszel Cathcart Thomsen c. Whitewater controversy d. Lawsuit", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}192{"query": "Question: How long had the show in which Sia performed \"Chandelier\" in 2014 been on the air? Passage:Sia performed \"Chandelier\" on The Ellen DeGeneres Show on 19 May 2014, with Ziegler recreating the choreography in the music video. Sia also performed the song on Late Night with Seth Meyers on 9 June 2014, with Girls star Lena Dunham performing new choreography. In July 2014, Sia performed the song on Jimmy Kimmel Live!, and Ziegler taught host Jimmy Kimmel and his sidekick Guillermo some of the dance moves from the music video. In July 2014, Sia performed the song on the VH1's show \"SoundClash\", along with her songs \"Elastic Heart\" and \"Big Girls Cry\" from the album. Sia sang the song on Dancing with the Stars, with Ziegler dancing a duet with Allison Holker, and at the 2014 We Can Survive Concert at the Hollywood Bowl. In February 2015, Sia sang the song in a cluttered apartment set for the 2015 Grammy Awards telecast. Ziegler danced in a cluttered apartment with actress Kristen Wiig. For all of these performances, Sia sang the track with her back to the camera. She performed the song on Saturday Night Live in January 2015, veiled, with a sad-looking mime who performed the lyrics in American sign language.\n Links: a. The Ellen DeGeneres Show b. Jimmy Kimmel c. 57th Annual Grammy Awards d. Lena Dunham", "pos": "Question: How long had the Telehit Awards existed by the year that Inna performed there for the first time? Passage:\"Cola Song\" was set on the track list of concert tours that promoted the singer's album Inna and its Japanese counterpart Body and the Sun in Europe and Japan. She also provided live performances of the recording at festival Alba Fest held in Alba Iulia, Romania, and at the World Trade Center Mexico. On both occasions, the singer additionally sung a cover version of Justin Bieber's \"Love Yourself\" (2015), with her interpreting a stripped-down version of \"Endless\" (2011) at the Mexican venue. Inna also opened the Untold Festival in 2016, and uploaded two videos on YouTube presenting her performing a stripped-down version of the recording—one on the roof of a building in Venice Beach, California, and the latter accompanied by an orchestra at Global Studios. Inna also delivered a performance of it at the 2018 Telehit Awards. \"Cola Song\" was used for American action comedy film Spy (2015) and the FIFA World Cup 2014, and was included on the competition's soundtrack. The single was further featured on dance video game Just Dance 2017, and Romanian singer impersonated Inna and provided a performance of the recording for Romanian reality talent show Te cunosc de undeva!.\n Links: a. Telehit Awards b. Untold Festival c. Venice, Los Angeles d. 2014 FIFA World Cup", "neg": "Question: Which of the talk shows Sia performed \"Chandelier\" aired first? Passage:Sia performed \"Chandelier\" on The Ellen DeGeneres Show on 19 May 2014, with Ziegler recreating the choreography in the music video. Sia also performed the song on Late Night with Seth Meyers on 9 June 2014, with Girls star Lena Dunham performing new choreography. In July 2014, Sia performed the song on Jimmy Kimmel Live!, and Ziegler taught host Jimmy Kimmel and his sidekick Guillermo some of the dance moves from the music video. In July 2014, Sia performed the song on the VH1's show \"SoundClash\", along with her songs \"Elastic Heart\" and \"Big Girls Cry\" from the album. Sia sang the song on Dancing with the Stars, with Ziegler dancing a duet with Allison Holker, and at the 2014 We Can Survive Concert at the Hollywood Bowl. In February 2015, Sia sang the song in a cluttered apartment set for the 2015 Grammy Awards telecast. Ziegler danced in a cluttered apartment with actress Kristen Wiig. For all of these performances, Sia sang the track with her back to the camera. She performed the song on Saturday Night Live in January 2015, veiled, with a sad-looking mime who performed the lyrics in American sign language.\n Links: a. Dancing with the Stars b. The Ellen DeGeneres Show c. 57th Annual Grammy Awards d. Hollywood Bowl", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}193{"query": "Question: How many years had the coach of Ascoli been with the team when he was replaced by Sonetti? Passage:More recently, Sonetti joined Cagliari on November 2005, replacing Davide Ballardini, becoming the fourth coach appointed by the Sardinian team in a couple of months. He succeeded in maintaining his job until the end of the tournament, and in leading the rossoblù to maintain a place in the next Serie A; he left Cagliari at the end of the season. On 14 November 2006, Sonetti was appointed to replace Attilio Tesser at the helm of then last-placed relegation-battling Serie A Ascoli. He did not manage to save his side from falling to Serie B, and ended his experience in Ascoli at the end of the season with a second-last place. On November 2007 he returned at Cagliari for his third time, as he was appointed to replace Marco Giampaolo at the helm of the Sardinians. He resigned from his post on 19 December, but was confirmed by the club the next day after Marco Giampaolo rejected to return at the helm of the club. However, Sonetti was sacked only a few days later, after a 5–1 loss to Fiorentina, leaving the team last-placed in the league table, being replaced by Davide Ballardini. From 25 September 2008, he has been called back to Brescia replacing Serse Cosmi. On 19 May 2009 he was sacked himself, following a 2–1 loss to promotion rivals Grosseto that left Brescia in fourth placed, but with only a two-point lead to 7th-placed Triestina.\n Links: a. Attilio Tesser b. Serse Cosmi c. Davide Ballardini d. Davide Ballardini", "pos": "Question: How old was Davide Ballardini when he was replaced by Nedo Sonetti? Passage:More recently, Sonetti joined Cagliari on November 2005, replacing Davide Ballardini, becoming the fourth coach appointed by the Sardinian team in a couple of months. He succeeded in maintaining his job until the end of the tournament, and in leading the rossoblù to maintain a place in the next Serie A; he left Cagliari at the end of the season. On 14 November 2006, Sonetti was appointed to replace Attilio Tesser at the helm of then last-placed relegation-battling Serie A Ascoli. He did not manage to save his side from falling to Serie B, and ended his experience in Ascoli at the end of the season with a second-last place. On November 2007 he returned at Cagliari for his third time, as he was appointed to replace Marco Giampaolo at the helm of the Sardinians. He resigned from his post on 19 December, but was confirmed by the club the next day after Marco Giampaolo rejected to return at the helm of the club. However, Sonetti was sacked only a few days later, after a 5–1 loss to Fiorentina, leaving the team last-placed in the league table, being replaced by Davide Ballardini. From 25 September 2008, he has been called back to Brescia replacing Serse Cosmi. On 19 May 2009 he was sacked himself, following a 2–1 loss to promotion rivals Grosseto that left Brescia in fourth placed, but with only a two-point lead to 7th-placed Triestina.\n Links: a. Davide Ballardini b. Davide Ballardini c. Davide Ballardini d. ACF Fiorentina", "neg": "Question: How long was Ebrahimzadeh coach at Naft Tehran? Passage:He was selected as Sepahan's assistant coach in 2006 by Luka Bonačić. After Sepahan was unable to win the 2007–08 season and was ranked as runner up like AFC Champions League and winning Hazfi Cup in both 2006 and 2007, Bonačić was resigned as Sepahan's head coach and was appointed as Dubai based team, Al-Nasr Sports Club. He was selected Ghanbari as his first team assistant coach which was worked with him until his dismissal in February 2009. After he expired his contract with Al-Nasr, he became assistant manager of Sepahan for a second time under management of Amir Ghalenoei. He continue his career with Sepahan after Ghalenoie's resignation in 2011. Bonačić was appointed as Sepahan head coach for a second tensure and Ghanbari was one of his assistants. On 14 August 2011 and after Bonačić was sacked by club due to bad results, Ghanbari became caretaker manager of Sepahan. He was replaced with Zlatko Kranjčar after Sepahan was eliminated from Hazfi Cup. On 30 May 2012, he was named as Mansour Ebrahimzadeh's assistant coach in Naft Tehran. After Ebrahimzadeh signed as head coach of Rah Ahan, Ghanbari also signs a contract to become his assistant.\n Links: a. 2007 AFC Champions League b. Rah Ahan Tehran F.C. c. Mansour Ebrahimzadeh d. 2007–08 Persian Gulf Cup", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}194{"query": "Question: When was the Japanese giant salamander first discovered? Passage:The Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus) is one of the largest salamanders and one of the largest amphibians in the world. It is fully aquatic and is endemic to rocky mountain streams and lakes in the Yangtze river basin of central China. Either it or a close relative has been introduced to Kyoto Prefecture in Japan and Taiwan. It is considered critically endangered in the wild due to habitat loss, pollution, and overcollection, as it is considered a delicacy and used in traditional Chinese medicine. On farms in central China, it is extensively farmed and sometimes bred, although many of the salamanders on the farms are caught in the wild. It has been listed as one of the top-10 \"focal species\" in 2008 by the Evolutionarily Distinct and Globally Endangered project. The Chinese giant salamander is considered to be a \"living fossil\". Although protected under Chinese law and CITES Appendix I, the wild population has declined by more than an estimated 80% since the 1950s. Although traditionally recognized as one of two living species of Andrias salamander in Asia, the other being the Japanese giant salamander, evidence indicates that the Chinese giant salamander may be composed of at least five cryptic species, further compounding each individual species' endangerment.\n Links: a. Living fossil b. Traditional Chinese medicine c. Kyoto Prefecture d. Japanese giant salamander", "pos": "Question: What age was Dale Russell when the species was placed in the new genus Archaeornithomimus? Passage:In 1923, during the American Museum of Natural History expedition by Roy Chapman Andrews to Inner Mongolia, Peter Kaisen discovered numerous theropod remains in three quarries. These were named and shortly described by Charles Whitney Gilmore in 1933 as a new species of Ornithomimus: Ornithomimus asiaticus. The specific name refers to the Asian provenance. The species was placed in the new genus Archaeornithomimus by Dale Russell in 1972, making Archaeornithomimus asiaticus the type species of the genus. The generic name combines that of Ornithomimus with a Greek ἀρχαῖος (archaios), \"ancient\", because Russell mistakenly believed that the layers Archaeornithomimus was found in dated to the Cenomanian-Turonian, about 95 million years old, making it one of the oldest ornithomimids known at the time. Gilmore had not assigned a holotype specimen; in 1990 David Smith and Peter Galton in the first comprehensive description of the fossils, choose specimen AMNH 6565, a foot, as the lectotype.\n Links: a. American Museum of Natural History b. Holotype c. Turonian d. Dale Russell", "neg": "Question: In what year was the lower jaw of an Anachlysicitis found in the Vilavieja Formation? Passage:Anachlysictis gracilis is an extinct carnivorous mammal belonging to the group Sparassodonta, which were metatherians (a group including marsupials and their close relatives) that inhabited South America during the Cenozoic. Unlike other remains assigned to the family Thylacosmilidae (a group of metatherian predators equipped with \"saber teeth\") that had been found previously, Anachlysictis is the first record of such borhyaenoids in northern South America, and also most primitive and ancient in the family (in fact, is the first confirmed record that did not belong to the genus Thylacosmilus, until the official publication of Patagosmilus in 2010). This species was found in the Villavieja Formation in the area of La Venta in Colombia, a famous fossil deposit in the Middle Miocene (Laventan; 13.8-11.8 million years ago), based on fragments that include a front portion of the lower jaw, with an incipient molar tooth and a piece of carnassial from the front of the maxilla.\n Links: a. Patagosmilus b. South America c. Thylacosmilidae d. Colombia", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}195{"query": "Question: Which Major General served longer in the military, Wade Haislip or John Coulter? Passage:On 15 May 1942, five months after the United States entered World War II, the 85th Infantry Division was ordered into active military service at Camp Shelby, Mississippi, under the command of Major General Wade H. Haislip. Divisions in the U.S. Army at that time were \"triangularized\" with three combat regiments instead of the four regiment structure \"square division\" used during World War I. The 340th Infantry Regiment was redesignated as the 410th Quartermaster Battalion and left the division. Basic infantry training was begun in June 1942 at Camp Shelby, Mississippi. In April 1943, it participated in large-scale army training in the Louisiana Maneuvers near Leesville, Louisiana. In August, the division was moved to Camp Coxcomb, California for desert warfare training. In October, the division was transferred to Fort Dix, New Jersey, for final preparations before shipment overseas. Major General John B. Coulter was transferred as commander and retained this position throughout the war. The Assistant Division Commander (ADC) throughout the war was Brigadier General Lee S. Gerow.\n Links: a. Brigadier general (United States) b. Louisiana Maneuvers c. Mississippi d. Wade H. Haislip", "pos": "Question: How many years did Major General Haislip serve in the military? Passage:On 15 May 1942, five months after the United States entered World War II, the 85th Infantry Division was ordered into active military service at Camp Shelby, Mississippi, under the command of Major General Wade H. Haislip. Divisions in the U.S. Army at that time were \"triangularized\" with three combat regiments instead of the four regiment structure \"square division\" used during World War I. The 340th Infantry Regiment was redesignated as the 410th Quartermaster Battalion and left the division. Basic infantry training was begun in June 1942 at Camp Shelby, Mississippi. In April 1943, it participated in large-scale army training in the Louisiana Maneuvers near Leesville, Louisiana. In August, the division was moved to Camp Coxcomb, California for desert warfare training. In October, the division was transferred to Fort Dix, New Jersey, for final preparations before shipment overseas. Major General John B. Coulter was transferred as commander and retained this position throughout the war. The Assistant Division Commander (ADC) throughout the war was Brigadier General Lee S. Gerow.\n Links: a. World War II b. United States c. California d. Wade H. Haislip", "neg": "Question: Was Robert Hoke older than George McClelllan the year Wessells was promoted to major of the 6th US Infantry? Passage:On June 6, 1861, he was promoted major of the 6th US Infantry, and on Aug. 22 of that year he received the colonelcy of the 8th Kansas Infantry. After serving on the Missouri border he resumed his commission in the regular army Feb. 15, 1862, and in March was transferred to the Army of the Potomac. He was made a brigadier-general of volunteers April 25 and served in the Peninsula, receiving the regular army brevet of lieutenant- colonel for gallantry at the Battle of Fair Oaks, where he was wounded. In Gen. George B. McClellan's change of base he commanded the rear-guard, and then engaged in the defense of Suffolk, Va., afterward serving in North Carolina. After serving at Kinston, Goldsboro, and New Berne, he was placed over the sub-district of the Albemarle, taking command May 3, 1863. On April 17, 1864, he was attacked at Plymouth, North Carolina, where he had a garrison of about 3,000 men, by Gen. Robert F. Hoke with about 15,000 Confederate troops and the iron-clad CSS Albemarle After a gallant defense which lasted three days Gen. Wessells surrendered the town. He was taken to Libby Prison, whence he was transferred successively to Danville, Macon and Charleston. At the last-named place he was one of the officers that were placed under the fire of the Union batteries on Morris island. On Aug. 3, 1864, he was exchanged, and on Nov. 11 he became commissary of prisoners, which post he held until the close of the war. He was also placed in charge of a conscription center in New York. He was promoted lieutenant-colonel Feb. 16, 1865, and brevetted colonel to date from April 20, 1864, \"for gallant and meritorious services during the rebel attack on Plymouth, N. C.\" On March 13 he was given the regular army brevet of brigadier general.\n Links: a. Army of the Potomac b. CSS Albemarle c. Robert Hoke d. Conscription", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}196{"query": "Question: When did the Second World War end? Passage:When the Second World War broke out in September 1939, Norway followed a policy of neutrality, as it had successfully done during the First World War, hoping to stay out of the war once again engulfing Europe. So Norway was at peace in April 1940 when it was suddenly attacked by naval, air and military forces from Nazi Germany. Unlike in the First World War, the Norwegian military was only partially mobilised, with the Royal Norwegian Navy and the coastal artillery being set up with skeleton crews. The Norwegian Army activated only a few battalions in North Norway (amongst others the Alta Battalion) as a precaution in connection with the Soviet Winter War invasion of Finland. Although the Norwegian Government had carried out a hurried modernisation of the military in the second half of the 1930s, the armed forces were still in a shambles. Effects of the wide-ranging budget reductions carried out during the pacifist policies of the late 1920s and early 1930s were still apparent. In 1940, the Norwegian armed forces were among the weakest in Europe.\n Links: a. Alta Battalion b. Royal Norwegian Navy c. World War II d. Alta Battalion", "pos": "Question: Which country's armed forces were reinforced by air and sea afte their defeat at the Second Battle of El Alamein? Passage:In November 1942, American and British forces landed in North Africa under Operation Torch. Allied thrusts overran Vichy French Morocco and Algeria and advanced into Tunisia. The danger for the Axis Powers was now apparent. The Allied forces advancing eastward and the British 8th Army advancing westward after the victory at the Second Battle of El Alamein, would trap and destroy the remaining Axis forces in North Africa. In response to the crisis, and the poor state of Axis forces, reinforcements for the German Afrika Korps, Italian Army and Luftwaffe were dispatched by sea and air. These reinforcements duly staved off an immediate defeat in Tunisia, the last region still in Axis hands. The poor state of the roads and rail lines in Algeria meant that Allied forces faced difficult logistic challenges which enabled the Axis to prolong a defence. The inexperience of U.S. forces was also apparent at the Battle of the Kasserine Pass. Nevertheless, the growing number and experience of Allied forces squeezed the Axis toward the northern tip of Tunisia. The Royal Air Force (RAF) and Royal Navy operating from Malta took a heavy toll of Axis shipping. However, Axis supplies were still reaching the besieged Afrika Korps by air. By early April, large quantities of Axis manpower was also being evacuated by air. Although the Allies held air superiority by this time, Luftwaffe transports were operating with impunity during darkness.\n Links: a. Axis powers b. Military logistics c. Afrika Korps d. Battle of Kasserine Pass", "neg": "Question: On what date did the battle end in which Australian land forces defeated Japanese Marines in New Guinea? Passage:In April 1942, Japan was bombed for the first time in the Doolittle Raid. During the same month, after the Japanese victory in the Battle of Bataan, the Bataan Death March was conducted, where 5,650 to 18,000 Filipinos died under the rule of the imperial army. In May 1942, failure to decisively defeat the Allies at the Battle of the Coral Sea, in spite of Japanese numerical superiority, equated to a strategic defeat for the Japanese. This setback was followed in June 1942 by the catastrophic loss of four fleet carriers at the Battle of Midway, the first decisive defeat for the Imperial Japanese Navy. It proved to be the turning point of the war as the Navy lost its offensive strategic capability and never managed to reconstruct the \"'critical mass' of both large numbers of carriers and well-trained air groups\". Australian land forces defeated Japanese Marines in New Guinea at the Battle of Milne Bay in September 1942, which was the first land defeat suffered by the Japanese in the Pacific. Further victories by the Allies at Guadalcanal in September 1942 and New Guinea in 1943 put the Empire of Japan on the defensive for the remainder of the war, with Guadalcanal in particular sapping their already-limited oil supplies. During 1943 and 1944, Allied forces, backed by the industrial might and vast raw material resources of the United States, advanced steadily towards Japan. The Sixth United States Army, led by General MacArthur, landed on Leyte on October 20, 1944. The Palawan massacre was committed by the imperial army against Filipinos in December 1944. In the subsequent months, during the Philippines campaign (1944–45), the Allies, including the combined United States forces together with the native guerrilla units, liberated the Philippines.\n Links: a. Guadalcanal campaign b. Battle of Milne Bay c. Philippines campaign (1944–1945) d. Guadalcanal campaign", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}197{"query": "Question: How many people had died in the American Civil War by the year that Camp Chase was established? Passage:Camp Chase was an American Civil War training and prison camp established in May 1861, on land leased by the U.S. Government. It replaced the much smaller Camp Jackson which was established by Ohio Governor William Dennison Jr as a place for Ohio's union volunteers to meet. It originally operated from a city park. The main entrance was on the National Road west of Downtown Columbus, Ohio. Boundaries of the camp were present-day Broad Street (north), Hague Avenue (east), Sullivant Avenue (south), and near Westgate Avenue (west). Named for former Ohio Governor, Salmon P. Chase, who was Lincoln's Secretary of the Treasury; it was a training camp for Ohio volunteer army soldiers, a parole camp, a muster outpost, and later a prisoner-of-war camp. The nearby Camp Thomas served as a similar base for the Regular Army. As many as 150,000 Union soldiers and 25,000 Confederate prisoners passed through its gates from 1861–1865. By February 1865, over 9,400 men were held at the prison. More than 2,200 Confederates are buried in the Camp Chase Cemetery. Western Virginia and Kentucky civilians suspected of actively supporting secession, including former three-term United States Congressman Richard Henry Stanton were held at the facility. The prison camp also held Confederates captured during Morgan's Raid in 1863, including Col. Basil W. Duke.\n Links: a. American Civil War b. Regular Army (United States) c. United States Secretary of the Treasury d. Camp Thomas", "pos": "Question: What was the population of Pine Bluff the year Gordon led his regiment at the Battle of Marks' Mills? Passage:In March and April 1864, Shelby's men harassed and skirmished with the Union Army force under the command of Major General Frederick Steele during his Camden Expedition, part of the Red River Campaign. Gordon led more than one charge against the Union forces during Steele's march from Little Rock to Camden, Arkansas. On April 25, 1864, Gordon led his regiment at the Battle of Marks' Mills where they captured two Union artillery pieces from the detachment of Union Lieutenant Colonel Francis M. Drake when Shelby's force attacked the Union left wing of the detachment which had been sent from Camden toward Pine Bluff, Arkansas to obtained supplies for Steele's force which was increasingly besieged by gathering Confederate forces at Camden. The Confederates outnumbered the Union force at Marks' Mills by more than 2 to 1 and overwhelmed it, taking about 1,300 prisoners and about 240 wagons. The overall commander of the Confederate cavalry force at Marks' Mills, Brigadier General James Fagan, led the Confederates, including Shelby's command, toward Pine Bluff in an effort to capture the Union supply depot. The Confederates did not make it to Pine Bluff due to flooding. They also did not return fast enough to cut off Steele's return march to Little Rock or to participate in the Battle of Jenkins' Ferry, the one big engagement during the retreat before the Union troops escaped across the swollen Saline River.\n Links: a. Pine Bluff, Arkansas b. Battle of Marks' Mills c. Little Rock, Arkansas d. James Fleming Fagan", "neg": "Question: How many soldiers died in the battle lost by Custer? Passage:Following the defeat of Lieutenant Colonel George A. Custer on June 25, 1876, in the Battle of Little Bighorn, the United States government sent a large number of reinforcements into Montana Territory. By autumn, a few bands of the Sioux and Cheyenne tribes had begun returning to the reservations and agencies to acquire food and annuity goods in preparation for winter. The United States Congress had angered many Indians by demanding that they cede the Black Hills to the government in exchange for these promised goods. The army had replaced civilian contractors in charge of the agencies, further convincing many war bands to stay away from them. General Nelson Miles led a mixed force of infantry, artillery and cavalry after Sitting Bull's band, and had effectively defeated them by December. Ranald S. Mackenzie had similarly defeated Dull Knife's Cheyennes, who trekked through snow and icy conditions to join the camp of Crazy Horse in the Tongue River Valley. Concerned with the approaching winter and the destitute condition of Dull Knife's band, Crazy Horse decided to negotiate peace with the army. However, when a group of United States Army Crow scouts murdered Crazy Horse's delegation, the war chief demanded revenge. He led a series of small raids in an effort to draw out Colonel Miles from Tongue River Cantonment. In December, 1876, Colonel Miles led most of nine Infantry companies out of the Cantonment in pursuit of Crazy Horse, marching south, up the Tongue River valley. On December 7, 1876, Miles captured a few Northern Cheyennes, then his force of 436 men camped along the Tongue just south of present-day Birney, Montana. During that night a fresh layer of deep snow fell and temperatures dropped.\n Links: a. Nelson A. Miles b. Ranald S. Mackenzie c. Battle of the Little Bighorn d. Artillery", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}198{"query": "Question: Which of the two rivers the Panzer Corps crossed was larger? Passage:In planning for the actual attack, Manteuffel had divided his 5th Panzer Army into three corps composed of infantry, tanks, and supporting artillery. The main effort, or schwerpunkt, would consist of XLVII Panzer Corps and LVIII Panzer Corps advancing west across the River Our at Ouren from the south or left flank of the German army front. They would then occupy the transportation center of Bastogne, before crossing the Meuse River at Namur. The third group, LXVI Corps, would advance west on either side of the Schnee Eifel. This northernmost, or right wing, element would flank and begin an envelopment of the American forces occupying fortifications on the Schnee Eifel and then converge on the town of Winterspelt. From there, LXVI Corps would cross the Our river and occupy St. Vith on the first day of the attack. LXVI Corps was the weakest of the three corps, with no attached tank division or motor transport, but did include an attached assault gun battalion. The Panzer Lehr Division (Armor Demonstration Division) and the Führer Begleit Brigade (Führer Escort Brigade) were to be held in reserve, with the Führer Begleit only usable with Model's express permission. Manteuffel's preference for the \"little slam\", or limited solution, was reflected in the absence of planning beyond reaching the Meuse River.\n Links: a. Our (river) b. Ouren c. Envelopment d. Meuse", "pos": "Question: Which of the armies involved in the Action of 22 Augst 1917 had more men? Passage:The Action of 22 August 1917, took place in the First World War, in the Ypres Salient on the Western Front during the Third Battle of Ypres. The engagement was fought by the Fifth Army of the British Expeditionary Force and the German 4th Army. During the Battle of Langemarck (16–18 August), the British had advanced north of the village but had been defeated further south and failed to capture the , the third German defensive position. At a conference with the Fifth Army corps commanders on 17 August, Gough arranged for local attacks to gain jumping-off positions for another general attack on 25 August. At the Action of the Cockcroft on 19 August, XVIII Corps and the 1st Tank Brigade had captured five fortified farms and strongpoints for a fraction of the casualties of a conventional attack.\n Links: a. Fifth Army (United Kingdom) b. 4th Army (German Empire) c. Battle of Langemarck (1917) d. British Expeditionary Force (World War I)", "neg": "Question: Which of the two units held in reserve had more soldiers? Passage:In planning for the actual attack, Manteuffel had divided his 5th Panzer Army into three corps composed of infantry, tanks, and supporting artillery. The main effort, or schwerpunkt, would consist of XLVII Panzer Corps and LVIII Panzer Corps advancing west across the River Our at Ouren from the south or left flank of the German army front. They would then occupy the transportation center of Bastogne, before crossing the Meuse River at Namur. The third group, LXVI Corps, would advance west on either side of the Schnee Eifel. This northernmost, or right wing, element would flank and begin an envelopment of the American forces occupying fortifications on the Schnee Eifel and then converge on the town of Winterspelt. From there, LXVI Corps would cross the Our river and occupy St. Vith on the first day of the attack. LXVI Corps was the weakest of the three corps, with no attached tank division or motor transport, but did include an attached assault gun battalion. The Panzer Lehr Division (Armor Demonstration Division) and the Führer Begleit Brigade (Führer Escort Brigade) were to be held in reserve, with the Führer Begleit only usable with Model's express permission. Manteuffel's preference for the \"little slam\", or limited solution, was reflected in the absence of planning beyond reaching the Meuse River.\n Links: a. Blitzkrieg b. Panzer Lehr Division c. Our (river) d. Blitzkrieg", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}199{"query": "Question: Why was the Yuan dynasty considered chaotic? Passage:The Xia (1362–1371), officially the Great Xia and known as Ming Xia today, was a short-lived Chinese dynasty in modern Sichuan and Chongqing during the chaotic late Yuan dynasty. It was founded by the Red Turban rebel general Ming Yuzhen whose army expelled Yuan loyalists from the region in the late 1350s. He refused to recognize Chen Youliang, who killed the Red Turban leader Xu Shouhui to found his Chen Han empire, so in 1362 Ming declared himself emperor of Xia, with the capital in Chongqing. He defended his empire from Chen Han, and tried, unsuccessfully, to conquer Yunnan from the warlord Basalawarmi. After his death in 1366, his teenaged son Ming Sheng succeeded him, but the empire began to disintegrate into regional military commands. In 1371, the Ming dynasty under emperor Zhu Yuanzhang made a two-pronged attack and conquered Xia relatively easily. Ming Sheng who surrendered was exiled to Goryeo, and became the progenitor of the Korean Namwon Seung clan, Yeonan Myeong clan and Seochok Myeong clan.\n Links: a. Namwon Seung clan b. Seochok Myeong clan c. Yuan dynasty d. Chen Youliang", "pos": "Question: Who was the eldest of Liu's oath brothers? Passage:Liu Bei and his oath brothers Guan Yu and Zhang Fei swore allegiance to the Han Empire in the Oath of the Peach Garden and pledged to do their best for the people. However, their ambitions were not realised as they did not receive due recognition for helping to suppress the Yellow Turban Rebellion and participating in the campaign against Dong Zhuo. After Liu Bei succeeded Tao Qian as the governor of Xu Province, he offered shelter to Lü Bu, who had just been defeated by Cao Cao. However, Lü Bu betrayed his host, seized control of the province and attacked Liu Bei. Liu Bei combined forces with Cao Cao and defeated Lü Bu at the Battle of Xiapi. Liu Bei then followed Cao Cao back to the imperial capital, Xu, where Emperor Xian honoured him as his \"Imperial Uncle\". When Cao Cao showed signs that he wanted to usurp the throne, Emperor Xian wrote a secret decree in blood to his father-in-law, Dong Cheng, and ordered him to get rid of Cao. Dong Cheng secretly contacted Liu Bei and others and they planned to assassinate Cao Cao. However, the plot was leaked out and Cao Cao had Dong Cheng and the others arrested and executed along with their families.\n Links: a. Oath of the Peach Garden b. Liu Bei c. Guan Yu d. Campaign against Dong Zhuo", "neg": "Question: Who was the Han emperor when the Xianbei killed the Xiongnu chanyu Youliu? Passage:The Xianbei (; ) were an ancient nomadic people that once resided in the eastern Eurasian steppes in what is today Mongolia, Inner Mongolia, and Northeastern China. They originated from the Donghu people who splintered into the Wuhuan and Xianbei when they were defeated by the Xiongnu at the end of the 3rd century BC. The Xianbei were largely subordinate to larger nomadic powers and the Han dynasty until they gained prominence in 87 AD by killing the Xiongnu chanyu Youliu. However unlike the Xiongnu, the Xianbei political structure lacked the organization to pose a concerted challenge to the Chinese for most of their time as a nomadic people. After suffering several defeats by the end of the Three Kingdoms period, the Xianbei migrated south and settled in close proximity to Chinese society and submitted as vassals, being granted the titles of Dukes. As the Xianbei Murong, Tuoba and Duan tribes were one of the Five Barbarians who were vassals of the Han Chinese Western Jin and Eastern Jin dynasties, they took part in the Uprising of the Five Barbarians as allies of the Han Chinese Eastern Jin against the other four barbarians, the Xiongnu, Jie, Di and Qiang. The Xianbei were at one point all defeated and conquered by the Di Former Qin empire before it fell apart at the Battle of Fei River at the hands of the Eastern Jin. The Xianbei later founded their own states and reunited northern China as the Northern Wei. These states opposed and promoted sinicization at one point or another but trended towards the latter and had merged with the general Chinese population by the Tang dynasty.\n Links: a. Han dynasty b. Battle of Fei River c. Five Barbarians d. Eurasia", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}200{"query": "Question: Is the team that Penafiel began his career with located in the same city as the one he moved to next? Passage:Reisinho was born in Vila Nova de Gaia. He began his career in 1988 when he signed a youth contract with Primeira Liga club Porto. Over the next five years, he progressed through their youth team and was capped at international level for Portugal. He played 15 times for the under-16's and three times for the under-17's, scoring one goal. He moved to Penafiel of Liga de Honra in 1993, where he made his first team debut. He made 20 appearances in his first season with the club before joining Felgueiras on loan in 1994. The following year, he moved to Leça on loan and made four appearances in the Primeira Liga before finishing the season back with Penafiel. Reisinho was transferred to Marco in 1996 and played for another two years in Liga de Honra, scoring four goals in 52 appearances. He joined another Liga de Honra club in 1998, Paços de Ferreira, and made 46 appearances over the next two seasons, scoring nine times. He returned to Marco for the 2000–01 season, scoring one goal in nine appearances, and then travelled to England for a trial with Football League club Plymouth Argyle.\n Links: a. FC Porto b. Cap (sport) c. F.C. Felgueiras d. F.C. Marco", "pos": "Question: Are all the teams that Parish joined after Bristol City located in the UK? Passage:Parish began his career at Aston Villa, where he progressed through the club's Academy. He made his professional debut away from the club on loan at League Two side Lincoln City in 2011, before a short loan at Cardiff City where he made no appearances. He joined Cardiff on a permanent basis in January 2012, before being loaned out to Wycombe Wanderers later the same year. He was released by the club in 2013, again failing to make a first-team appearance. He joined Bristol City, where he went on to make 19 league appearances, but again found himself out on loan, on this occasion to Newport County. He later joined Blackpool for one season, and then played for Colchester United for one season, before joining Accrington Stanley. He then signed for Dundee where he spent two seasons.\n Links: a. Newport County A.F.C. b. Blackpool F.C. c. Aston Villa F.C. d. Aston Villa F.C.", "neg": "Question: Who has played for more teams the original striker for FC Porto at the beginning of 2003-04 season or the player that replaced him? Passage:The 2003–04 season began with another 1–0 win over União de Leiria, which gave the club its 13th Supertaça. Weeks later, Porto failed to repeat this result in the 2003 UEFA Super Cup, losing 1–0 to Milan. The departure of striker Hélder Postiga was compensated by the signing of South Africa's Benni McCarthy, whose 20 league goals helped Porto in its league title defence and crowned him the competition's top scorer. Mourinho entered the 2003–04 UEFA Champions League with confidence to his team. Porto finished second in its group, losing only once to Real Madrid, and advanced to a round-of-16 meeting with Manchester United. Porto scored on the 90th minute of the second leg at Old Trafford to draw 1–1 and advance to the quarter-finals with a 3–2 aggregate win. The team then overcame Lyon and Deportivo La Coruña and reached the Champions League final, where it defeated Monaco 3–0 to lift the club's second European Champion Clubs' Cup. A 2–1 loss to Benfica in the Taça de Portugal final, held 10 days before, prevented another treble-winning season.\n Links: a. Benni McCarthy b. Old Trafford c. Hélder Postiga d. Hélder Postiga", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}201{"query": "Question: What domains are ruled over by the aspect of the goddess whose shrine the daughters of Aglaurus dance near? Passage:Taking the earliest first, Euripides Ion, lines 22–23; 484–485, mentions her, but in the Moses Hadas and John Mclean 1960 Bantam Classics translation they have Euripides say respectively: \"(Athena) gave Erichthonius to Aglaurus' daughters (not sisters) to keep.\" and later, speaking of \"a haunt of Pan\": \"There the daughters of Aglaurus still tread the measures of their dance, on the green lawns before the shrine of Pallas (Athena)...\".According to the Bibliotheca, Hephaestus attempted to rape Athena but was unsuccessful. His semen fell on the ground, impregnating Gaia. Gaia did not want the infant Erichthonius, so she gave the baby to the goddess Athena. Athena gave the baby in a box to three women—Aglaurus and her two sisters Herse and Pandrosus—and warned them to never open it. Aglaurus and Herse opened the box. The sight of the infant caused them both to go insane and they threw themselves off the Acropolis, or, according to Hyginus, into the sea.\n Links: a. Acropolis of Athens b. Gaia c. Athena d. Euripides", "pos": "Question: How many children did Aglaurus's two sisters have? Passage:Taking the earliest first, Euripides Ion, lines 22–23; 484–485, mentions her, but in the Moses Hadas and John Mclean 1960 Bantam Classics translation they have Euripides say respectively: \"(Athena) gave Erichthonius to Aglaurus' daughters (not sisters) to keep.\" and later, speaking of \"a haunt of Pan\": \"There the daughters of Aglaurus still tread the measures of their dance, on the green lawns before the shrine of Pallas (Athena)...\".According to the Bibliotheca, Hephaestus attempted to rape Athena but was unsuccessful. His semen fell on the ground, impregnating Gaia. Gaia did not want the infant Erichthonius, so she gave the baby to the goddess Athena. Athena gave the baby in a box to three women—Aglaurus and her two sisters Herse and Pandrosus—and warned them to never open it. Aglaurus and Herse opened the box. The sight of the infant caused them both to go insane and they threw themselves off the Acropolis, or, according to Hyginus, into the sea.\n Links: a. Euripides b. Gaia c. Herse of Athens d. Gaia", "neg": "Question: Did the goddess that someone attempted to rape have children of her own? Passage:Taking the earliest first, Euripides Ion, lines 22–23; 484–485, mentions her, but in the Moses Hadas and John Mclean 1960 Bantam Classics translation they have Euripides say respectively: \"(Athena) gave Erichthonius to Aglaurus' daughters (not sisters) to keep.\" and later, speaking of \"a haunt of Pan\": \"There the daughters of Aglaurus still tread the measures of their dance, on the green lawns before the shrine of Pallas (Athena)...\".According to the Bibliotheca, Hephaestus attempted to rape Athena but was unsuccessful. His semen fell on the ground, impregnating Gaia. Gaia did not want the infant Erichthonius, so she gave the baby to the goddess Athena. Athena gave the baby in a box to three women—Aglaurus and her two sisters Herse and Pandrosus—and warned them to never open it. Aglaurus and Herse opened the box. The sight of the infant caused them both to go insane and they threw themselves off the Acropolis, or, according to Hyginus, into the sea.\n Links: a. Gaia b. Athena c. Athena d. Gaius Julius Hyginus", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}202{"query": "Question: How long did filming for Angamaly Diaries take to complete? Passage:It took another two years before he came up with his third movie, Amen, in 2013, which had Indrajith Sukumaran, Fahad Fasil, Swathi Reddy and Kalabhavan Mani in the lead roles and the movie succeeded at the box office while drawing good critical response. After a gap of almost two years, Pellissery released his fourth film, Double Barrel, a comic thriller, with Prithviraj Sukumaran, Indrajith Sukumaran, Arya, Sunny Wayne and Asif Ali in the lead roles. However, the film did not succeed critically or commercially. The next project, Angamaly Diaries, a black comedy cloaked in a gangster plot that revolves around the locale of Angamaly, was scripted by popular actor, Chemban Vinod Jose. The film, made on a small budget of million, was received well at the box office and drew critical acclaim; Anurag Kashyap opined that Angamaly Diaries was his film of the year. Ee.Ma.Yau, his next film based on a satire written by P. F. Mathews and with his regular composer, Prashant Pillai, scoring the music, was premiered on November 30, 2017 but the release was delayed due to undisclosed reasons. Before it was released on May 4, 2018, the film received the Kerala State Film Award for Best Director at the 48th Kerala State Film Awards. The film also won him the Silver Peacock Award for the best director at the 49th International Film Festival of India (IFFI), 2018, which was held in Goa in November 2018 (Chemban Vinod Jose, the protagonist of the film, also received the Silver Peacock Award for the best actor.) followed by the Sinema Zetu International Film Festival Award for Best Direction.\n Links: a. International Film Festival of India b. 48th Kerala State Film Awards c. Prithviraj Sukumaran d. Angamaly Diaries", "pos": "Question: Which of Padukone's releases in 2014 made more money? Passage:Padukone's performances in her four releases of 2013 earned her various accolades. She was nominated for the Producers Guild Film Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role and won IIFA Jodi of the Year (along with Ranbir Kapoor) for the blockbuster romantic comedy Yeh Jawaani Hai Deewani (2013). She subsequently won Best Actress awards at the IIFA and Zee Cine awards and earned additional Filmfare Best Actress nomination for her performance of a Tamil girl on the run in the blockbuster romantic comedy Chennai Express (2013). She also received her first Filmfare Award for Best Actress for her role of a Gujarati girl based on William Shakespeare's Juliet character in the tragic romance Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-Leela (2013). Her performances in the satirical road comedy Finding Fanny (2014) and the heist comedy Happy New Year (2014) won the Star of the Year (Female) award at Stardust. The following year, she received various accolades for her role as a Bengali architect in the comedy-drama Piku, including her second Best Actress award at the Filmfare, Screen, Producers Guild and IIFA awards along with Zee Cine Best Actress Critics Award. Additionally, Padukone won Stardust Award for Best Actress for her performances in the former and the romantic drama Tamasha (2015). That same year, for her role as Mastani in the historical romance Bajirao Mastani (2015), she received additional Best Actress nominations from the Filmfare, IIFA, Producers Guild Awards and won Zee Cine Best Actress award.\n Links: a. Stardust Award for Best Actress b. Tamils c. Tamils d. Finding Fanny", "neg": "Question: How much did Amen make in sales on it's opening weekend at the box office? Passage:It took another two years before he came up with his third movie, Amen, in 2013, which had Indrajith Sukumaran, Fahad Fasil, Swathi Reddy and Kalabhavan Mani in the lead roles and the movie succeeded at the box office while drawing good critical response. After a gap of almost two years, Pellissery released his fourth film, Double Barrel, a comic thriller, with Prithviraj Sukumaran, Indrajith Sukumaran, Arya, Sunny Wayne and Asif Ali in the lead roles. However, the film did not succeed critically or commercially. The next project, Angamaly Diaries, a black comedy cloaked in a gangster plot that revolves around the locale of Angamaly, was scripted by popular actor, Chemban Vinod Jose. The film, made on a small budget of million, was received well at the box office and drew critical acclaim; Anurag Kashyap opined that Angamaly Diaries was his film of the year. Ee.Ma.Yau, his next film based on a satire written by P. F. Mathews and with his regular composer, Prashant Pillai, scoring the music, was premiered on November 30, 2017 but the release was delayed due to undisclosed reasons. Before it was released on May 4, 2018, the film received the Kerala State Film Award for Best Director at the 48th Kerala State Film Awards. The film also won him the Silver Peacock Award for the best director at the 49th International Film Festival of India (IFFI), 2018, which was held in Goa in November 2018 (Chemban Vinod Jose, the protagonist of the film, also received the Silver Peacock Award for the best actor.) followed by the Sinema Zetu International Film Festival Award for Best Direction.\n Links: a. Indrajith Sukumaran b. Goa c. Amen (2013 film) d. Goa", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}203{"query": "Question: Which of the women that Erika is compared to by The Guardian is the oldest? Passage:Staying true to her love of music, Jayne's first dance music single \"Roller Coaster\" was released on January 1, 2007. The song placed at number one on the Billboard Hot Dance Club Play chart. Her second single “Stars” also placed at number one the Billboard Dance Play chart and music video for the song spent 12 weeks (peaking at number 2) on Logo TV’s . In 2007, British newspaper The Guardian wrote that Erika Jayne “is Madonna trapped in the moment when she recorded the Erotica album. She’s Nicole Kidman in Moulin Rouge goes trance with a dash of debauchery, or Gwen Stefani goes burlesque.” Jayne's debut full-length album Pretty Mess, was released in the United States on August 11, 2009. Sheila E. is found playing percussion on the song, “Time to Realize” and the album includes a cover of Apollonia 6’s 1984 hit “Sex Shooter.” Peter Rafelson and Eric Kupper served as producers and co-writers on Pretty Mess, while Canadian singer-songwriter Esthero, Jahi Lake and Ike Dirty contributed additional production. The other singles from the album were \"Give You Everything\" and \"Pretty Mess\", which topped the dance club charts. The album spawned a total of four number-one singles on the Hot Dance Club Play chart, tying her with Rihanna and The Pussycat Dolls for most number one singles from a debut release. She released three different music video versions of \"Give You Everything\". The music videos were directed by feature film director Marty Thomas. Remixes of \"Give You Everything\" placed at number 2 on the Music Week Upfront Club Chart as well as number 6 on the Music Week Commercial Pop Club Chart, marking her first time to land on the United Kingdom charts. Jayne supported the release of Pretty Mess with tour dates and appearances at festivals and clubs across the United States. In November 2010, Jayne announced the creation of her own record label, Pretty Mess Records.\n Links: a. Madonna (entertainer) b. Pretty Mess (album) c. Dance Club Songs d. Nicole Kidman", "pos": "Question: Which movie that Branigan was associated with grossed more at the box office? Passage:Seeing her greatest level of success in the 1980s, Branigan's other singles included the Top 10 hit \"Solitaire\" (1983), the U.S. AC chart number one \"How Am I Supposed to Live Without You\" (1983), the Australian No. 2 hit \"Ti amo\" (1984), and \"The Power of Love\" (1987). Her most successful album was 1984's platinum-selling Self Control. She also contributed songs to motion picture and television soundtracks, including the Grammy and Academy Award-winning Flashdance soundtrack (1983), and the Ghostbusters soundtrack (1984). In 1985, she won the Tokyo Music Festival with the song \"The Lucky One\". Her chart success began to wane as the decade closed and after her last two albums Laura Branigan (1990) and Over My Heart (1993) garnered little attention, she generally retired from public life for the rest of the 1990s. She began returning to performing in the early 2000s, most notably appearing as Janis Joplin in the off-Broadway musical Love, Janis. As she was recording new music and preparing a comeback to the music industry, she died at her home in 2004 from a previously undiagnosed cerebral aneurysm. \n Links: a. Flashdance b. Academy Awards c. Adult Contemporary (chart) d. Flashdance", "neg": "Question: What age was Tina Turner the year Everett started by performing with her? Passage:In 2008, Everett started by performing with one of her idols, Tina Turner, at the 2008 50th Annual Grammy Awards with Beyoncé. She featured in the video for \"Love in This Club\" by Usher and began a working relationship with him. In October of the same year, the video for \"Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)\" was released, which featured a J-Setting choreography and contained only Beyoncé, Everett and dancer Ebony Williams. It has since gone viral, amassing over 580 million views and has been recreated thousands of times. It also won the MTV Video Music Award for Video of the Year. Everett featured in videos for both \"Ego\" and \"Sweet Dreams\" from I Am... Sasha Fierce (2008), and begun her second worldwide tour with Beyoncé, on the I Am... World Tour (2009–10). Here, Everett performed as the female Dance Captain for the entire tour. In 2010, Everett begun a working relationship with Ne-Yo and featured in three of his music videos from his album Libra Scale (2010); \"One in a Million\", \"Champagne Life\" and \"Beautiful Monster\". In 2011, Everett featured in three videos from Beyoncé's 4 (2011).\n Links: a. One in a Million (Ne-Yo song) b. Ego (Beyoncé song) c. Tina Turner d. Libra Scale", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}204{"query": "Question: When did Citadel Media become Cumulus Media Networks? Passage:KVOB started as KQNS-FM in September 1988, then located on 95.9 FM with an ERP of 1.3 kW. At the time, the station carried an adult contemporary format. In 1994, B-B Broadcasting bought the station from Smoky Hill Broadcasting, and the following year, the station moved to 95.5 FM and upgraded their power to 15.5 kW. By this time, the station flipped to a mainstream rock format, branded as \"Star 95.\" In 1999, the station flipped back to adult contemporary, keeping the \"Star 95\" moniker. In 2004, the station began running the \"Hits & Favorites\" satellite feed from Citadel Media (now Cumulus Media Networks) and changed monikers to \"Lite Rock 95.5\". A year later, the station switched satellite feeds to Westwood One's AC feed, again keeping the \"Lite Rock 95.5\" moniker. In 2006, the station rebranded as \"OZ 95\", again keeping the AC format. In 2007, the station flipped to adult hits, branded as \"Bob FM\". The station was assigned the KVOB call sign by the Federal Communications Commission on December 1, 2007. A year later, the station switched to Sparknet Communications' national feed of \"Jack FM\", again retaining the adult hits format.\n Links: a. Cumulus Media Networks b. Cumulus Media Networks c. Westwood One (1976–2011) d. Cumulus Media Networks", "pos": "Question: How many years had WNOK been operating when WQXL switched to country music? Passage:The station became WQXL in 1962 after the station was sold to the Belk Broadcasting Company. The WOIC call sign resurfaced that same year on 1320 AM (now WISW). WQXL originally aired a Big Band format, which eventually gave way to a Top 40 format by the end of the decade. However it was handicapped with a daytime-only signal and was unsuccessful in competing against format rivals 1230 WNOK and 1400 WCOS, which each had full-time signals. Probably its most notable personality was Mackie \"Cactus\" Quave who had worked at 560 WIS (now WVOC) and had a successful kids TV show on NBC Network affiliate Channel 10 WIS-TV. WQXL switched to country music in the summer of 1966, but again was bested by rival 620 WCAY (now WGCV). In 1973, the station switched to religious programming and eventually adopted a Contemporary Christian format.\n Links: a. WPCO b. Christian radio c. Contemporary Christian music d. NBC", "neg": "Question: Of the two stations that had full-time signals, which started broadcasting first? Passage:The station became WQXL in 1962 after the station was sold to the Belk Broadcasting Company. The WOIC call sign resurfaced that same year on 1320 AM (now WISW). WQXL originally aired a Big Band format, which eventually gave way to a Top 40 format by the end of the decade. However it was handicapped with a daytime-only signal and was unsuccessful in competing against format rivals 1230 WNOK and 1400 WCOS, which each had full-time signals. Probably its most notable personality was Mackie \"Cactus\" Quave who had worked at 560 WIS (now WVOC) and had a successful kids TV show on NBC Network affiliate Channel 10 WIS-TV. WQXL switched to country music in the summer of 1966, but again was bested by rival 620 WCAY (now WGCV). In 1973, the station switched to religious programming and eventually adopted a Contemporary Christian format.\n Links: a. Christian radio b. Christian radio c. WPCO d. Call sign", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}205{"query": "Question: Who was selected as the first pick in the draft that Kleinendorst was chosen 77th? Passage:Kleinendorst played for Providence College for four years, from 1979–80 to 1982–83, for Lou Lamoriello. He was selected in the fourth round (77th overall) of the 1980 NHL Entry Draft by the New York Rangers, but never played in the NHL. He was a member of the Tulsa Oilers (CHL) team that suspended operations on February 16, 1984, playing only road games for final six weeks of 1983–84 season. Despite this adversity, the team went on to win the Adams Cup. In 1986–87 he played with Iserlohn (Germany) and Peliitat Heinola (Finland) teams, and then with the Rotterdam Pandas in the Netherlands during the 1987–88 season, Ingolstadt (Germany) 1988–89, and continued to play minor league hockey through 1990.\n Links: a. 1980 NHL Entry Draft b. Rotterdam Panda's c. Peliitat Heinola d. ERC Ingolstadt", "pos": "Question: Did Kleinendorst play more games for the Iserlohn or Peliitat Heinola teams? Passage:Kleinendorst played for Providence College for four years, from 1979–80 to 1982–83, for Lou Lamoriello. He was selected in the fourth round (77th overall) of the 1980 NHL Entry Draft by the New York Rangers, but never played in the NHL. He was a member of the Tulsa Oilers (CHL) team that suspended operations on February 16, 1984, playing only road games for final six weeks of 1983–84 season. Despite this adversity, the team went on to win the Adams Cup. In 1986–87 he played with Iserlohn (Germany) and Peliitat Heinola (Finland) teams, and then with the Rotterdam Pandas in the Netherlands during the 1987–88 season, Ingolstadt (Germany) 1988–89, and continued to play minor league hockey through 1990.\n Links: a. Iserlohn Roosters b. National Hockey League c. 1980 NHL Entry Draft d. New York Rangers", "neg": "Question: In what state did Kleinendorst play college hockey in? Passage:Kleinendorst played for Providence College for four years, from 1979–80 to 1982–83, for Lou Lamoriello. He was selected in the fourth round (77th overall) of the 1980 NHL Entry Draft by the New York Rangers, but never played in the NHL. He was a member of the Tulsa Oilers (CHL) team that suspended operations on February 16, 1984, playing only road games for final six weeks of 1983–84 season. Despite this adversity, the team went on to win the Adams Cup. In 1986–87 he played with Iserlohn (Germany) and Peliitat Heinola (Finland) teams, and then with the Rotterdam Pandas in the Netherlands during the 1987–88 season, Ingolstadt (Germany) 1988–89, and continued to play minor league hockey through 1990.\n Links: a. Iserlohn Roosters b. Lou Lamoriello c. Providence College d. Rotterdam Panda's", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}206{"query": "Question: Did Rouvas work with the same composers during the creation of Tora Arhizoun Ta Dyskola and Kati Apo Mena? Passage:For his previous album, Irthes, Rouvas collaborated almost exclusively with Dimitris Kontopoulos, who was also commissioned to write all three of Rouvas' candidate songs for his participation in the Eurovision Song Contest 2009, as well as the composer and producer of his album, with the exception of one track. Working namely with one main composer is something that Rouvas had not done since Kati Apo Mena (1998) and not completely exclusively since Tora Arhizoun Ta Dyskola (1996). For Parafora, Rouvas reverted to using several songwriters and producers. The majority of the songwriters and producers are new collaborators and recent hit makers relatively new to the music industry. Kontopoulos, who first collaborated with Rouvas for To Hrono Stamatao (2003), resumed his role as a composer, producer, arranger, programmer, and instrumentalist, with eight contributions to the album, including the singles \"Spase To Hrono\" and the title track. Others who have never previously collaborated with Rouvas include Playmen, Beetkraft, Antonis Skokos, Greek-German Leonidas \"Freakchild\" Chantzaras, who composed \"Nekros Okeanos\" and produced \"Emena Thes\", and Dimitris Fakos who wrote both its music and lyrics. Songwriters who exclusively contributed lyrics to the album include Natalia Germanou, who first collaborated with Rouvas on Min Andistekese (1992), Pigi Konstantinou and Giannis Rentoumis who first collaborated with the artist on Irthes, and new collaborators Sunny Baltzi, Vagia Kalantzi, and Nikos Kostidakis, who wrote \"Parafora\".\n Links: a. Min Andistekese b. Emena Thes c. Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 2009 d. Tora Arhizoun Ta Dyskola", "pos": "Question: How old was the artist when MNEK worked with her in 2014 on the Rebel Heart album? Passage:In January 2014, he featured on Gorgon City's single \"Ready for Your Love\". The song peaked to number 4 on the UK Singles Chart. On 20 April 2014, he premiered \"Every Little Word\" on 1Xtra, the \"buzz\" single from his debut studio album. On 9 May 2014, the remix EP, featuring Joe Goddard and Fred V & Grafix among others was released. Emenike has said we can expect to hear collaborations with Moko, Snakehips and Jimmy Napes on the record. The lead single \"Wrote a Song About You\" premiered on Annie Mac's BBC Radio 1 show on 13 June 2014. In June 2014, Oliver Heldens' track \"Gecko (Overdrive)\", which MNEK wrote, debuted at number one on both the UK Dance Chart and the UK Singles Chart. In 2014, he also worked with Madonna on her album, Rebel Heart, and produced the song \"Feels So Good\" by Kylie Minogue, from her album Kiss Me Once. On 22 July 2014, MNEK released the promotional single \"In Your Clouds\" as part of an iTunes Ones to Watch campaign. The song will feature on his debut studio album. His debut extended play (EP) Small Talk was released on 20 March 2015. In March 2015, JoJo announced that she worked with MNEK on her new studio album.\n Links: a. Ready for Your Love b. UK Singles Chart c. JoJo (singer) d. Madonna (entertainer)", "neg": "Question: What is the age difference between the two female artists MNEK worked on albums with in 2014? Passage:In January 2014, he featured on Gorgon City's single \"Ready for Your Love\". The song peaked to number 4 on the UK Singles Chart. On 20 April 2014, he premiered \"Every Little Word\" on 1Xtra, the \"buzz\" single from his debut studio album. On 9 May 2014, the remix EP, featuring Joe Goddard and Fred V & Grafix among others was released. Emenike has said we can expect to hear collaborations with Moko, Snakehips and Jimmy Napes on the record. The lead single \"Wrote a Song About You\" premiered on Annie Mac's BBC Radio 1 show on 13 June 2014. In June 2014, Oliver Heldens' track \"Gecko (Overdrive)\", which MNEK wrote, debuted at number one on both the UK Dance Chart and the UK Singles Chart. In 2014, he also worked with Madonna on her album, Rebel Heart, and produced the song \"Feels So Good\" by Kylie Minogue, from her album Kiss Me Once. On 22 July 2014, MNEK released the promotional single \"In Your Clouds\" as part of an iTunes Ones to Watch campaign. The song will feature on his debut studio album. His debut extended play (EP) Small Talk was released on 20 March 2015. In March 2015, JoJo announced that she worked with MNEK on her new studio album.\n Links: a. Ready for Your Love b. Madonna (entertainer) c. JoJo (singer) d. BBC Radio 1", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}207{"query": "Question: When was the city where the father of Kathleen's children was born established? Passage:Kathleen Ryan was one of the eight children of Séamus Ryan, a member of Seanad Éireann and his wife Agnes Ryan née Harding who came from Kilfeacle and Solohead respectively in County Tipperary and who were Republican activists during the Irish War of Independence. They opened a shop in Parnell Street, Dublin in the 1920s which was the first of 36 outlets which were known as \"The Monument Creameries\". The family lived at Burton Hall, near Leopardstown Racecourse in the Dublin suburb of Foxrock. Her brother was John Ryan, an artist and man of letters in bohemian Dublin of the 1940s and 50's, who was a friend and benefactor of a number of struggling writers in the post-war era, such as Patrick Kavanagh. He started and edited a short-lived literary magazine entitled Envoy. Among her other siblings were Fr. Vincent (Séamus) (1930–2005), a Benedictine priest at Glenstal Abbey, Sister Íde of the Convent of The Sacred Heart, Mount Anville, Dublin, Oonagh (who married the Irish artist Patrick Swift), Cora who married the politician, Seán Dunne, T.D. When Kathleen was an undergraduate at University College Dublin, she was introduced to the future Dr. Dermod Devane of Limerick. They were married in the society wedding of 1944 and the couple had three children, but the marriage was annulled in 1958.\n Links: a. University College Dublin b. John Ryan (artist) c. Limerick d. Irish War of Independence", "pos": "Question: What year was Brian named the High King? Passage:The Uí Briúin Seóla was one of the major branches of the powerful Uí Briúin dynasty, which had become the dominant force in Connacht by the 8th century. The genealogies list two sons of Murchadh mac Maenach: Urchadh and Urumhain. Urchadh mac Murchadh, King of Maigh Seóla (also listed as king of Iarthair Connacht, died 945, in the 14th century Book of Ballymote) was father of Bé Binn inion Urchadh, Princess of the Uí Briúin Seóla and Queen of Thomond (fl. early 10th century). Bé Binn married Cennétig mac Lorcáin of Thomond to produce a son who would become the High King of Ireland (Irish: Ard-Rí na hÉireann): Brian Bóruma mac Cennétig, known in English as Brian Boru (c. 941–23 April 1014). Brian broke the near monopoly of the Uí Néill over the High Kingship of Ireland and fought to unite Ireland as a people under one, native king. His father, Cennétig mac Lorcáin of Thomond, was one of the principal leaders of the resistance to the Danish Viking incursions. Cennétig had several wives and children but positively assigned Bé Binn as the mother of Brian Bóruma.\n Links: a. Uí Briúin b. Uí Briúin c. Brian Boru d. Brian Boru", "neg": "Question: What country is Dublin located? Passage:Margaret Brady was born on 12 February 1857 in Dublin and was baptised in St. Lawrence O'Toole's parish. At that time, her parents were living at 1, Clarence Street. Her father was Patrick Brady, a coal merchant, whose family were from County Meath and her mother was Brigid Brady (née Savage) of Oldtown, Co. Dublin. Margaret's great grandfather Walter Brady was from Nobber in Meath but was originally a Cavan man by birth. His son Walter, Margaret's grandfather, married Margaret O'Connor and had eight children – Catherine, Phil, Anne, Patrick, Larry, Christie, John and Margaret (Aunt). Patrick Brady, her father, married Brigid Savage, a Fingal woman who was the best step dancer of her day in the North County. Margaret had three known siblings, Walter who died as an infant in 1855, as did Brigid in 1860. Another sister, Catherine, died in 1888 leaving a young family behind. Margaret was educated by the Sisters of St Vincent de Paul. She was employed as a stationery shop assistant where she met her future husband, James Pearse.\n Links: a. Dublin b. Dublin North (Dáil constituency) c. Cavan d. Dublin", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}208{"query": "Question: In what city did Cimpoi attain the status of head of the Department of Classical Literature of the Institute of History and Literary Theory? Passage:He is employed as editor at the \"Moldovan Book\" (1974) and \"Artistic Literature\" (1977-1982), literary secretary at the National Theater (1982-1983) and Lyric Theater \"Alexei Mateevici\"(1986-1987). Since May 1987 he has been elected secretary of the Steering Committee of the Writers' Union of Moldova and president since September 1991 until 2010. He was deputy of the people of the USSR in Gorbachev's thaw (1989-1990) and then deputy in the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova (1999-2001). In parallel, he is the head of the Department of Classical Literature of the Institute of History and Literary Theory of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova, he obtained his Ph.D. in Philology in 1998, with the thesis \"Eminescu, poet of Being\" (conductor, Eugen Simion) and teaches at the \"Ion Creangă\" Pedagogical University in Chişinău. In 1991 he became an honorary member of the Romanian Academy, a member of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova (1992), a member of the Writers' Union of Romania (since 1994 elected and member of the board of directors), member of PEN-club, member of the Târgoviştei Writers Society (2005), vice-president of the Cultural League for the Unity of Romanians Abroad, an honorary citizen of Craiova (in 2005, alongside Grigore Vieru, Vasile Tărâţeanu). He is the director of the magazine \"Life of Basarabia\" and in the collections of publications \"Critical copybooks\", \"Romanian Life\", founding president of the \"Mihai Eminescu\" International Academic Center in Chișinău.\n Links: a. Chișinău b. Academy of Sciences of Moldova c. Mikhail Gorbachev d. Mikhail Gorbachev", "pos": "Question: Which of the two counties where Mihail taught has a larger population? Passage:Born in Bucharest, he was the fourth child (out of seventeen, of whom nine survived) born to Captain Nicolae Săulescu (known as the Romanian Army's official painter) and his wife Ecaterina (née Gaist). From 1898 to 1903, he studied at Saint Sava and Matei Basarab high schools in his native city. Săulescu then entered the Conservatory of Dramatic Art, quitting in 1904 after his first year. Leaving Bucharest, he worked as a teacher in Gorj County and a substitute in Posada, Prahova County in 1908. In 1911, he was an editor at Luceafărul magazine in Sibiu, then a part of Austria-Hungary. After returning to the Romanian capital, he was editor at Rampa (1911-1912), librarian at the Socec folk library (1912-1913), clerk at the Public Instruction Ministry, junior clerk at Casa Școalelor cultural foundation and editor at Rampa nouă ilustrată (1914). In 1908, he was a founding member of the Romanian Writers' Union.\n Links: a. Austria-Hungary b. Gorj County c. Matei Basarab National College (Bucharest) d. Bucharest", "neg": "Question: What is the population of the city where Cimpoi became the  founding president of the \"Mihai Eminescu\" International Academic Center? Passage:He is employed as editor at the \"Moldovan Book\" (1974) and \"Artistic Literature\" (1977-1982), literary secretary at the National Theater (1982-1983) and Lyric Theater \"Alexei Mateevici\"(1986-1987). Since May 1987 he has been elected secretary of the Steering Committee of the Writers' Union of Moldova and president since September 1991 until 2010. He was deputy of the people of the USSR in Gorbachev's thaw (1989-1990) and then deputy in the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova (1999-2001). In parallel, he is the head of the Department of Classical Literature of the Institute of History and Literary Theory of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova, he obtained his Ph.D. in Philology in 1998, with the thesis \"Eminescu, poet of Being\" (conductor, Eugen Simion) and teaches at the \"Ion Creangă\" Pedagogical University in Chişinău. In 1991 he became an honorary member of the Romanian Academy, a member of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova (1992), a member of the Writers' Union of Romania (since 1994 elected and member of the board of directors), member of PEN-club, member of the Târgoviştei Writers Society (2005), vice-president of the Cultural League for the Unity of Romanians Abroad, an honorary citizen of Craiova (in 2005, alongside Grigore Vieru, Vasile Tărâţeanu). He is the director of the magazine \"Life of Basarabia\" and in the collections of publications \"Critical copybooks\", \"Romanian Life\", founding president of the \"Mihai Eminescu\" International Academic Center in Chișinău.\n Links: a. Chișinău b. Parliament of the Republic of Moldova c. Writers' Union of Romania d. Craiova", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}209{"query": "Question: Which country did the visiting club come from when Adkin made his debut? Passage:Adkin made his debut for Sussex in a List A match against the touring Bangladeshis at the County Ground, Hove, in 2010. Batting at number eight, Adkin contributed 30 runs to Sussex's total of 253 all out, before he was dismissed by Mashrafe Mortaza. He took the wicket of Jahurul Islam in the Bangladeshis innings, with Sussex dismissing them for 104 to win the match by 149 runs. Later in that season he made his first-class debut against Surrey at Woodbridge Road, Guildford, in the County Championship. He scored 45 in the match and took figures of 1–38 with the ball. With the need to concentrate on his university studies, Adkin made just four first-class appearances in the 2011 season, playing in against Oxford MCCU in May, as well as making three appearances in the County Championship later in the season. Adkin also made two List A appearances in that seasons Clydesdale Bank 40, against Derbyshire and the Netherlands.\n Links: a. Bangladesh national cricket team b. Sports Ground, Woodbridge Road, Guildford c. 2011 English cricket season d. Surrey County Cricket Club", "pos": "Question: Which club that Threlfall played against as a Cumberland player has an older history? Passage:Threfall played for Cumberland in 1987, making a single appearance in the Minor Counties Championship against Cambridgeshire and a single appearance in the MCCA Knockout Trophy against Cheshire. In 1988, Threfall played Second XI cricket for Sussex, with him also making his first-class debut for the county in that season against Somerset at the Recreation Ground, Bath. He played regularly for the Sussex Second XI, but would only make two further first-class appearances for the county, against the touring Sri Lankans in 1990 and Cambridge University in 1991. He never batted in his three first-class appearances, but with the ball he took 7 wickets at an average of 18.57, with best figures of 3/45. He also made a single List A appearance for the county against the touring Zimbabweans in 1990. He ended Sussex's innings of 233/8 unbeaten on 17, while in the Zimbabweans innings he took figures of 3/40 from 10 overs, with Sussex winning by 95 runs. He continued to play for the Sussex Second XI until 1994.\n Links: a. Cambridgeshire County Cricket Club b. MCCA Knockout Trophy c. Not out d. Cambridgeshire County Cricket Club", "neg": "Question: In what city did Wilenkin play as an opening batsman while attending school? Passage:Wilenkin was born at Belgravia in June 1933. He was educated at Harrow School, where he played for the school as an opening batsman for three years. He debuted in minor counties cricket for Oxfordshire against Buckinghamshire in the 1951 Minor Counties Championship. He carried out his national service as a second lieutenant with the Irish Guards in 1952. The following year he went up to Trinity College, Cambridge. While studying at Cambridge Wilenkin made his debut in first-class cricket for the Free Foresters against Cambridge University at Fenner's in 1955. He debuted the following year for Cambridge University, making ten first-class appearances for the university in 1956. He scored 512 runs in these ten matches, at an average of 30.11 and a high score of 105, made against Leicestershire. He played his final minor counties matches for Oxfordshire in 1956, having made 29 appearances in the Minor Counties Championship. He played further first-class matches for the Free Foresters in 1956, 1958 and 1959. He also appeared in two first-class matches for D. R. Jardine's XI in 1958.\n Links: a. Oxfordshire County Cricket Club b. First-class cricket c. Belgravia d. Harrow School", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}210{"query": "Question: Do both places that the Defender assisted in the evacuations of  in 1941 belong to the same country? Passage:HMS Defender was a D-class destroyer built for the Royal Navy in the early 1930s. The ship was initially assigned to the Mediterranean Fleet before she was transferred to the China Station in early 1935. She was temporarily deployed in the Red Sea during late 1935 during the Abyssinia Crisis, before returning to her assigned station where she remained until mid-1939. Defender was transferred back to the Mediterranean Fleet just before World War II began in September 1939. She briefly was assigned to West Africa for convoy escort duties in 1940 before returning to the Mediterranean. The ship participated in the Battles of Calabria, Cape Spartivento, and Cape Matapan over the next year without damage. Defender assisted in the evacuations from Greece and Crete in April–May 1941, before she began running supply missions to Tobruk, Libya in June. The ship was badly damaged by a German bomber on one of those missions and had to be scuttled by her consort on 11 July 1941.\n Links: a. Destroyer b. Battle of Greece c. Abyssinia Crisis d. Abyssinia Crisis", "pos": "Question: How large in square miles is the body of water that the Defender was temporarily deployed to in late 1935? Passage:HMS Defender was a D-class destroyer built for the Royal Navy in the early 1930s. The ship was initially assigned to the Mediterranean Fleet before she was transferred to the China Station in early 1935. She was temporarily deployed in the Red Sea during late 1935 during the Abyssinia Crisis, before returning to her assigned station where she remained until mid-1939. Defender was transferred back to the Mediterranean Fleet just before World War II began in September 1939. She briefly was assigned to West Africa for convoy escort duties in 1940 before returning to the Mediterranean. The ship participated in the Battles of Calabria, Cape Spartivento, and Cape Matapan over the next year without damage. Defender assisted in the evacuations from Greece and Crete in April–May 1941, before she began running supply missions to Tobruk, Libya in June. The ship was badly damaged by a German bomber on one of those missions and had to be scuttled by her consort on 11 July 1941.\n Links: a. Battle of Cape Matapan b. Red Sea c. Battle of Cape Matapan d. China Station (Royal Navy)", "neg": "Question: How many ships are currently in the possession of the military branch that the HMS Defender was built for? Passage:HMS Defender was a D-class destroyer built for the Royal Navy in the early 1930s. The ship was initially assigned to the Mediterranean Fleet before she was transferred to the China Station in early 1935. She was temporarily deployed in the Red Sea during late 1935 during the Abyssinia Crisis, before returning to her assigned station where she remained until mid-1939. Defender was transferred back to the Mediterranean Fleet just before World War II began in September 1939. She briefly was assigned to West Africa for convoy escort duties in 1940 before returning to the Mediterranean. The ship participated in the Battles of Calabria, Cape Spartivento, and Cape Matapan over the next year without damage. Defender assisted in the evacuations from Greece and Crete in April–May 1941, before she began running supply missions to Tobruk, Libya in June. The ship was badly damaged by a German bomber on one of those missions and had to be scuttled by her consort on 11 July 1941.\n Links: a. Battle of Calabria b. Tobruk c. Royal Navy d. Abyssinia Crisis", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}211{"query": "Question: How long did the operation last in which Post was stationed at an air base in Qatar? Passage:From July 1996 to May 1997, Post was a student at the Army Command and General Staff College at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. He was then posted to The Pentagon in Washington, DC, as Operations Officer, Western Hemisphere, Operations Directorate (J3) in June 1997. He graduated from the Armed Forces Staff College in 1998. In July and August 1999, completed the F-16 transition course at Luke Air Force Base in Arizona. He was an F-16 Evaluation Pilot with the 77th Fighter Squadron, Operations Officer with the 79th Fighter Squadron, and then commander of the 55th Fighter Squadron, all at Shaw Air Force Base in South Carolina. From July 2002 to June 2003, he was a student at the Air War College at Maxwell Air Force Base, earning a Master of Strategic Studies degree. He was Senior Deputy Commander of the 56th Operations Group at Luke Air Force Base from July 2003 to March 2004, and Vice Commander of the 388th Fighter Wing at Hill Air Force Base in Utah from April 2004 to July 2006. He was in charge of Standardization and Evaluation with the Twelfth Air Force at Davis-Monthan Air Force Base in Arizona from August 2006 to January 2007. He commanded the 20th Fighter Wing at Shaw Air Force Base from February 2007 to October 2008, and then the 609th Air and Space Operations Center at Al Udeid Air Base in Qatar in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom. He flew 280 combat sorties. From August 2009 until January 2010, he was Director of Plans and Requirements at Headquarters, Twelfth Air Force. From February 2010 to August 2012, he was commander of the 354th Fighter Wing at Eielson Air Force Base in Alaska.\n Links: a. 354th Fighter Wing b. Iraq War c. Shaw Air Force Base d. Eielson Air Force Base", "pos": "Question: Who was the commanding office of the coalition forces during the operation that saw the Nawa-I-Barakzayi District occupied by the 5th Marines? Passage:In 2009 the Taliban began moving even more men into Nawa, possibly for additional attacks against Lashkar Gah. On May 13, they launched an attack against the Afghan National Police in the district, that overwhelmed several posts. By late spring they had established a solid foothold in the district. On July 2, 2009, Marines from the 1st Battalion, 5th Marines (1/5) occupied the district as part of Operation Strike of the Sword. They set up their headquarters in Forward Operating Base Geronimo. On August 26, Lance Corporal Donald Hogan, a Marine with 1/5, threw himself in front of an improvised explosive device (IED), saving the Marines in his squad. He was later posthumously awarded the Navy Cross for his actions. In December, 1/5 was replaced by 1st Battalion, 3rd Marines. In the late summer and early fall the Marines detained Haji Adam, one of Nawa's main drug lords, and turned his house into Combat Outpost (COP) Sullivan. In November two local officials were assassinated. On December 17, Admiral Mike Mullen, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, visited Patrol Base Jaker and touted the security gains by touring the Nawa district center without wearing body armor. Several weeks later Afghan President Hamid Karzai and ISAF commander General Stanley McChrystal also visited Nawa on January 2, 2010. On January 9 British journalist Rupert Hamer and two Marines were killed by an IED in the district.\n Links: a. Forward Operating Base Geronimo b. Operation Strike of the Sword c. Navy Cross d. Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff", "neg": "Question: How long did the conflict where Rashid participated as a junior non-commissioned officer last? Passage:Ashraf Rashid joined in the Pakistan Army in 1964 and had participated in Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 as a junior non-commissioned officer (JNCO). Rashid entered the Pakistan Military Academy in 1966. He graduated two years later and joined the Pakistan Army at the rank of lieutenant. He was selected for the Special Service Group unit, and was sent to United States U.S. Special Forces training school to complete his training. Rashid graduated from the Command and General Staff College in Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. He served in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 and participated in the conflict as a captain, during which he was permanently injured on the right cheek. As a special service officer, Rashid was promoted as a Brigadier-General and was later sent to Siachen where he along with then-Brigadier-General Parvez Musharraf, participated in the conflict. In 1995, he was promoted as a major-general and was made commandant of his unit. He was an instrumental for conducting paramilitary operations and infiltrating Kashmiri militants in the Kargil War. He resigned from his position and left the special forces as the failure of Kargil operation which he was widely blamed for.\n Links: a. United States Army Command and General Staff College b. Pakistan Military Academy c. Brigadier general d. Indo-Pakistani War of 1965", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}212{"query": "Question: How much money did the movie Wilson and Judd Apatow performed together in make? Passage:After moving to the United States, Wilson signed to talent and literary agents William Morris Endeavor. Wilson's next film role came in the Judd Apatow film, Bridesmaids, in which she played Brynn, the sister of Matt Lucas' character. The role was written especially for her. Wilson then appeared in the CBS sitcom Rules of Engagement and on the Comedy Central series, Workaholics. She co-hosted the 2010 ARIA Music Awards and performed at the inaugural Variety’s Power of Comedy event in Los Angeles with Lucas and Russell Brand. In early 2011, Wilson filmed A Few Best Men at Fox Studios Australia. She also filmed a role in Small Apartments. Wilson was named one of Variety magazine's \"Top Ten Comics to Watch for 2011.\" In 2012, Wilson had a role in the ensemble comedy What to Expect When You're Expecting, as Janice, and co-starred in the indie film Struck By Lightning.\n Links: a. Struck by Lightning (2012 film) b. Matt Lucas c. Bridesmaids (2011 film) d. Rules of Engagement (TV series)", "pos": "Question: How much did the 2009 indie film Rossum appeared in gross after being an official Sundance selection? Passage:In 2006, Rossum appeared in Poseidon, Wolfgang Petersen's remake of the disaster film The Poseidon Adventure. She played Jennifer Ramsey, the daughter of Kurt Russell's character. Rossum described the character as being proactive and strong in all situations, rather than a damsel in distress. Rossum also appeared as Juliet Capulet in a 2006 Williamstown Theatre Festival production of William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet. In early 2009, Rossum appeared in Dragonball Evolution. Her next big screen venture was the indie Dare which was an official selection of the 2009 Sundance Film Festival. In November 2009, Rossum appeared in Broadway's 24 Hour Plays in which actors, writers, and directors collaborate to produce, and perform six one-act plays within 24 hours to benefit the Urban Arts Partnership. Rossum appeared in Warren Leight's \"Daily Bread\", directed by Lucie Tiberghien.\n Links: a. Wolfgang Petersen b. Damsel in Distress c. Dare (film) d. Juliet", "neg": "Question: Which of the films that King appeated in made more money, the one where she played  Angela Patton or the one she played Sam? Passage:In 2002, she appeared in the teen comedy Slackers as Angela Patton, Four Faces of God as Sam, and the crime comedy Lone Star State of Mind as Baby. Slackers received negative responses from critics, including one who found that the characters \"are not so strikingly original as to elevate the slack material\", while Four Faces of God and Lone Star State of Mind did not have wide theatrical releases. 2003 saw King in the film Bulletproof Monk, alongside Chow Yun-fat and Seann William Scott, an adaptation of a comic book by Michael Avon Oeming. After five auditions, a screen test, and a physical test, she landed the role of Jade, a character skilled in martial arts. This was King's first leading action film role. Bulletproof Monk received mostly negative reviews from critics, who cited that the fight scenes were not as well choreographed or directed as those other genre films, and that the alternating comedic and action scenes were jarring. Regardless, Bulletproof Monk was nominated for Choice Movie in a Drama/Action Adventure award at the Teen Choice Awards. In late 2003, King appeared in the music video for the Robbie Williams song, \"Sexed Up\", and on the cover artwork for the single's release. In 2004, she appeared in the comedy White Chicks, playing Heather Vandergeld, with actress Brittany Daniel as her sister Megan Vandergeld, a parody on socialites Paris and Nicky Hilton. White Chicks was negatively reviewed by critics, receiving five nominations at the Razzie Awards in the categories for Worst Actress, Worst Director, Worst Picture, Worst Screen Couple and Worst Screenplay. However, White Chicks won Outstanding Directing for a Box Office Movie and Outstanding Writing for a Box Office Movie at the BET Comedy Awards.\n Links: a. Teen Choice Awards b. Slackers (film) c. Robbie Williams d. Slackers (film)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}213{"query": "Question: How old was Daniel Morgan when Adamson Tannehill was attached to the Provisional Rifle Corps? Passage:Tannehill served in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, initially as the first sergeant in Capt. Thomas Price's Independent Rifle Company, one of the original ten independent companies of riflemen from the frontier regions of Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia authorized by the Continental Congress on June 14, 1775. He received his commission dated January 1, 1776, as a third lieutenant while serving at the Siege of Boston. In June 1776 Tannehill and his company were incorporated into the newly organized Maryland and Virginia Rifle Regiment, at which time he advanced to second lieutenant. Later that year a large portion of his regiment was captured or killed at the Battle of Fort Washington on northern Manhattan Island. However, those members of the unit not taken in the battle, including Tannehill, continued to serve actively with Washington's Main Army, participating in the Battles of Trenton and Princeton, and in the spring of 1777 were administratively attached to the 11th Virginia Regiment. Tannehill was promoted to first lieutenant on May 18, 1777, and the following month he was attached to the newly organized Provisional Rifle Corps commanded by Col. Daniel Morgan, which played a major role in the Battles of Saratoga and a peripheral role in the Battle of Monmouth. He returned to the Maryland and Virginia Rifle Regiment (his permanent unit) in mid-1778 when Lt. Col. Moses Rawlings, the regiment's commander who had been exchanged from British captivity earlier that year, was marshaling the remnants of his unit and recruiting new members while stationed at Fort Frederick, Maryland. In early 1779 Tannehill and the regiment were assigned to Fort Pitt of present-day western Pennsylvania where they supplemented other Continental forces engaged in the defense of frontier settlements from Indian raids. Tannehill advanced to the rank of captain on July 29, 1779, and he commanded the regiment in late 1780. He was discharged from service on January 1, 1781, when his unit was disbanded.\n Links: a. American Revolutionary War b. Daniel Morgan c. Battle of Monmouth d. 11th Virginia Regiment", "pos": "Question: Which of the two battles had a higher casualty rate between Battles of Saratoga and Battle of Monmouth the year that Tannehill was promoted to first lieutenant? Passage:Tannehill served in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, initially as the first sergeant in Capt. Thomas Price's Independent Rifle Company, one of the original ten independent companies of riflemen from the frontier regions of Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia authorized by the Continental Congress on June 14, 1775. He received his commission dated January 1, 1776, as a third lieutenant while serving at the Siege of Boston. In June 1776 Tannehill and his company were incorporated into the newly organized Maryland and Virginia Rifle Regiment, at which time he advanced to second lieutenant. Later that year a large portion of his regiment was captured or killed at the Battle of Fort Washington on northern Manhattan Island. However, those members of the unit not taken in the battle, including Tannehill, continued to serve actively with Washington's Main Army, participating in the Battles of Trenton and Princeton, and in the spring of 1777 were administratively attached to the 11th Virginia Regiment. Tannehill was promoted to first lieutenant on May 18, 1777, and the following month he was attached to the newly organized Provisional Rifle Corps commanded by Col. Daniel Morgan, which played a major role in the Battles of Saratoga and a peripheral role in the Battle of Monmouth. He returned to the Maryland and Virginia Rifle Regiment (his permanent unit) in mid-1778 when Lt. Col. Moses Rawlings, the regiment's commander who had been exchanged from British captivity earlier that year, was marshaling the remnants of his unit and recruiting new members while stationed at Fort Frederick, Maryland. In early 1779 Tannehill and the regiment were assigned to Fort Pitt of present-day western Pennsylvania where they supplemented other Continental forces engaged in the defense of frontier settlements from Indian raids. Tannehill advanced to the rank of captain on July 29, 1779, and he commanded the regiment in late 1780. He was discharged from service on January 1, 1781, when his unit was disbanded.\n Links: a. Continental Congress b. Battles of Saratoga c. Morgan's Riflemen d. Battles of Saratoga", "neg": "Question: How many years had Fort Pitt existed when Tannehill was assigned there? Passage:Tannehill served in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, initially as the first sergeant in Capt. Thomas Price's Independent Rifle Company, one of the original ten independent companies of riflemen from the frontier regions of Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia authorized by the Continental Congress on June 14, 1775. He received his commission dated January 1, 1776, as a third lieutenant while serving at the Siege of Boston. In June 1776 Tannehill and his company were incorporated into the newly organized Maryland and Virginia Rifle Regiment, at which time he advanced to second lieutenant. Later that year a large portion of his regiment was captured or killed at the Battle of Fort Washington on northern Manhattan Island. However, those members of the unit not taken in the battle, including Tannehill, continued to serve actively with Washington's Main Army, participating in the Battles of Trenton and Princeton, and in the spring of 1777 were administratively attached to the 11th Virginia Regiment. Tannehill was promoted to first lieutenant on May 18, 1777, and the following month he was attached to the newly organized Provisional Rifle Corps commanded by Col. Daniel Morgan, which played a major role in the Battles of Saratoga and a peripheral role in the Battle of Monmouth. He returned to the Maryland and Virginia Rifle Regiment (his permanent unit) in mid-1778 when Lt. Col. Moses Rawlings, the regiment's commander who had been exchanged from British captivity earlier that year, was marshaling the remnants of his unit and recruiting new members while stationed at Fort Frederick, Maryland. In early 1779 Tannehill and the regiment were assigned to Fort Pitt of present-day western Pennsylvania where they supplemented other Continental forces engaged in the defense of frontier settlements from Indian raids. Tannehill advanced to the rank of captain on July 29, 1779, and he commanded the regiment in late 1780. He was discharged from service on January 1, 1781, when his unit was disbanded.\n Links: a. Fort Pitt (Pennsylvania) b. Siege of Boston c. Siege of Boston d. Fort Pitt (Pennsylvania)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}214{"query": "Question: Who owned GOOD Music the year Mohawke began collaborating with West? Passage:In 2012, Hudson Mohawke began a series of collaborations with Kanye West, resulting in production credits on the GOOD Music label album Cruel Summer. On 17 January 2013, it was announced that Mohawke had officially signed with GOOD Music as a producer, whilst remaining with Warp and LuckyMe as a recording artist. TNGHT announced their hiatus on 27 December 2013. Mohawke co-produced two tracks on West's 2013 album Yeezus (\"I Am a God\" and \"Blood on the Leaves\") and contributed to West's 2016 follow-up The Life of Pablo, in addition to working with various other hip hop and pop artists, including Drake, Pusha T, and Future. In 2015, he released his second studio album, Lantern. In 2016, he collaborated with singer Anohni on her 2016 album Hopelessness. Mohawke announced on 26 October 2016 via Twitter that he was creating the original soundtrack for the 2016 video game Watch Dogs 2 titled \"Ded Sec\" and that Warp Records would release it on 11 November 2016.\n Links: a. The Life of Pablo b. GOOD Music c. Warp (record label) d. Yeezus", "pos": "Question: What record label released the album Madonna and MNEK worked on together in 2014? Passage:In January 2014, he featured on Gorgon City's single \"Ready for Your Love\". The song peaked to number 4 on the UK Singles Chart. On 20 April 2014, he premiered \"Every Little Word\" on 1Xtra, the \"buzz\" single from his debut studio album. On 9 May 2014, the remix EP, featuring Joe Goddard and Fred V & Grafix among others was released. Emenike has said we can expect to hear collaborations with Moko, Snakehips and Jimmy Napes on the record. The lead single \"Wrote a Song About You\" premiered on Annie Mac's BBC Radio 1 show on 13 June 2014. In June 2014, Oliver Heldens' track \"Gecko (Overdrive)\", which MNEK wrote, debuted at number one on both the UK Dance Chart and the UK Singles Chart. In 2014, he also worked with Madonna on her album, Rebel Heart, and produced the song \"Feels So Good\" by Kylie Minogue, from her album Kiss Me Once. On 22 July 2014, MNEK released the promotional single \"In Your Clouds\" as part of an iTunes Ones to Watch campaign. The song will feature on his debut studio album. His debut extended play (EP) Small Talk was released on 20 March 2015. In March 2015, JoJo announced that she worked with MNEK on her new studio album.\n Links: a. JoJo (singer) b. Rebel Heart c. Annie Mac d. Kylie Minogue", "neg": "Question: How much had Cruel Summer grossed by the time it was announced that Mohawke had officially signed with GOOD Music? Passage:In 2012, Hudson Mohawke began a series of collaborations with Kanye West, resulting in production credits on the GOOD Music label album Cruel Summer. On 17 January 2013, it was announced that Mohawke had officially signed with GOOD Music as a producer, whilst remaining with Warp and LuckyMe as a recording artist. TNGHT announced their hiatus on 27 December 2013. Mohawke co-produced two tracks on West's 2013 album Yeezus (\"I Am a God\" and \"Blood on the Leaves\") and contributed to West's 2016 follow-up The Life of Pablo, in addition to working with various other hip hop and pop artists, including Drake, Pusha T, and Future. In 2015, he released his second studio album, Lantern. In 2016, he collaborated with singer Anohni on her 2016 album Hopelessness. Mohawke announced on 26 October 2016 via Twitter that he was creating the original soundtrack for the 2016 video game Watch Dogs 2 titled \"Ded Sec\" and that Warp Records would release it on 11 November 2016.\n Links: a. Watch Dogs 2 b. I Am a God c. Cruel Summer (GOOD Music album) d. Cruel Summer (GOOD Music album)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}215{"query": "Question: Which Canadian sport has the most participants? Passage:Ice hockey, referred to as simply \"hockey\", is Canada's most prevalent winter sport, its most popular spectator sport, and its most successful sport in international competition. Lacrosse, a sport with Indigenous origins, is Canada's oldest sport. Canadian football is Canada's second most popular spectator sport, being the most popular in the prairie provinces. The Canadian Football League's annual championship, the Grey Cup, is one of the country's largest annual sports events. While other sports have a larger spectator base, Association football, known in Canada as soccer in both English and French, has the most registered players of any team sport in Canada. Professional teams exist in many cities in Canada. Statistics Canada reports that the top ten sports that Canadians participate in are golf, ice hockey, swimming, soccer, basketball, baseball, volleyball, skiing (downhill and alpine), cycling and tennis.\n Links: a. Grey Cup b. Golf c. Statistics Canada d. Statistics Canada", "pos": "Question: Do more students attend the university that Jean-Pierre was a backup goaltender for, or the one that Pierre-Paul played for? Passage:Her father Jean-Pierre was a backup goaltender at the University of North Dakota from 1979–83. Besides her twin sister, Lamoureux has four brothers. Jean-Philippe is a professional ice hockey goaltender. He led the Lincoln Stars to the Clark Cup as a teenager and played for Team USA in the 2004 Viking Cup. He was the 2008–09 Goalie of the Year in the ECHL, and also led the Alaska Aces to the 2009 Kelly Cup Finals. Jacques was an All-America center in 2009 for Air Force Academy. In addition, he was a finalist for the Hobey Baker Award. Pierre-Paul played for the University of Manitoba, and is a student-assistant coach for the North Dakota hockey team. Mario skated for Team USA at the 2006 Viking Cup and then played for the North Dakota Fighting Hawks before turning pro. Her mother Linda competed in the Boston Marathon.\n Links: a. 2009 Kelly Cup playoffs b. Viking Cup c. North Dakota Fighting Hawks men's ice hockey d. Boston Marathon", "neg": "Question: How many fewer people watch association football compared to The Canadian Football league? Passage:Ice hockey, referred to as simply \"hockey\", is Canada's most prevalent winter sport, its most popular spectator sport, and its most successful sport in international competition. Lacrosse, a sport with Indigenous origins, is Canada's oldest sport. Canadian football is Canada's second most popular spectator sport, being the most popular in the prairie provinces. The Canadian Football League's annual championship, the Grey Cup, is one of the country's largest annual sports events. While other sports have a larger spectator base, Association football, known in Canada as soccer in both English and French, has the most registered players of any team sport in Canada. Professional teams exist in many cities in Canada. Statistics Canada reports that the top ten sports that Canadians participate in are golf, ice hockey, swimming, soccer, basketball, baseball, volleyball, skiing (downhill and alpine), cycling and tennis.\n Links: a. National sport b. Canadian football c. Canadian Football League d. Swimming (sport)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}216{"query": "Question: Which of the schools Fiser is affiliated with was founded first? Passage:Fišer was born in Zagreb on June 13, 1905 to a Jewish family of well-known Croatian architect Ignjat Fischer and his wife Helena (née Egersrodfer). She attended elementary and music school in Zagreb. Fišer graduated from the Academy of Music, University of Zagreb under Fran Lhotka as the first female conductor in Croatia. Soon after she left for Salzburg where she was perfecting herself at the Mozarteum University of Salzburg. From 1931 to 1934, Fišer worked as violinist at the Croatian Music Institute orchestra. As a conductor, Fišer debuted in 1933 while directing the comic opera Bastien und Bastienne with Zagreb philharmonic orchestra. From 1939 to 1941, she led the Zagreb Red Cross orchestra. Until 1941, she also led the Osijek philharmonic orchestra. From 1947 to 1965, Fišer worked as a prompter at the Croatian National Theatre in Zagreb.\n Links: a. Salzburg b. Fran Lhotka c. Bastien und Bastienne d. Maiden and married names", "pos": "Question: How old was Fiser's father when she was born?   Passage:Fišer was born in Zagreb on June 13, 1905 to a Jewish family of well-known Croatian architect Ignjat Fischer and his wife Helena (née Egersrodfer). She attended elementary and music school in Zagreb. Fišer graduated from the Academy of Music, University of Zagreb under Fran Lhotka as the first female conductor in Croatia. Soon after she left for Salzburg where she was perfecting herself at the Mozarteum University of Salzburg. From 1931 to 1934, Fišer worked as violinist at the Croatian Music Institute orchestra. As a conductor, Fišer debuted in 1933 while directing the comic opera Bastien und Bastienne with Zagreb philharmonic orchestra. From 1939 to 1941, she led the Zagreb Red Cross orchestra. Until 1941, she also led the Osijek philharmonic orchestra. From 1947 to 1965, Fišer worked as a prompter at the Croatian National Theatre in Zagreb.\n Links: a. Fran Lhotka b. Ignjat Fischer c. Academy of Music, University of Zagreb d. Ignjat Fischer", "neg": "Question: In what year was the person born who Lack began learning violin from at age six? Passage:Fredell Lack was born in Tulsa, Oklahoma, the oldest of three children of Jewish Eastern European (Latvian) immigrants, Abram I. Lack and Sarah Stillman Lack (who was a sister of noted painter Ary Stillman). She began violin lessons at age six, studying with Tosca Berger. When Fredell was 10, she moved with her family to Houston, Texas. There she studied with Josephine Boudreaux, the concertmaster of the Houston Symphony. At age 11, she first soloed with orchestra, performing the Wieniawski Concerto No. 2 with the Tulsa Philharmonic. At 12, Lack was accepted into the New York City studio of the legendary violinist and pedagogue Louis Persinger, whose other students included such artists as Yehudi Menuhin, Isaac Stern, and Ruggiero Ricci. She moved to New York and completed her pre-college schooling at the Bentley School while continuing her violin lessons with Persinger. At 17, she made her professional solo debut, playing the Mendelssohn Violin Concerto with the St. Louis Symphony. Subsequently she received a full scholarship to the Juilliard School in New York. She continued studying violin with Persinger there and also was deeply influenced by her study of chamber music with Felix Salmond. She received the Diploma from Juilliard at age 21.\n Links: a. Juilliard School b. Chamber music c. Tulsa, Oklahoma d. Tosca Kramer", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}217{"query": "Question: In what year was the count who granted the church and farm to Beromünster born? Passage:The first mention of modern Hägglingen is in 1036 when Count Ulrich von Lenzburg granted the church and farm of Hekelingen to Beromünster. In the acknowledgments of Emperor Henry III in 1045, the village of Hackelingen was mentioned. Frederick I Barbarossa acknowledged the grants to the village in 1173. The Vogtei (bailiwick) went from the Lenzburg family to the Kyburgs and then in 1273 to the Lords of Hallwyl. The high court rights were exercised by the Habsburgs until the Swiss conquered the Aargau in 1415. It was not until 1425 that Hägglingen, which was claimed by Lucerne, came under the authority of the entire Confederacy. It was first assigned to the district court of Wohlenschwil before it became an independent municipality from 1435-1712.\n Links: a. Lucerne b. Counts of Lenzburg c. Vogt d. Old Swiss Confederacy", "pos": "Question: How old was Emperor Ludwig when Jews first settled in Neu-Bamberg? Passage:While all other places in the Verbandsgemeinde can trace their foundings back to Frankish times and the Early Middle Ages, Neu-Bamberg's roots go back only as far as the Late Middle Ages; it is thus the newest place in the collective municipality. It is possible that Saint Maximin's Abbey in Trier once had landholds in what is now Neu-Bamberg, from which the Raugraves’ landhold arose, to which belonged the porphyry crag in the Appelbach valley, upon which, about 1250, they began building the castle. When the Raugraves founded this Neue Baumburg (\"New Baumburg\") about 1200 after building the Alte Baumburg (\"Old Baumburg\"), a new village arose below it. The villagers of nearby Sarlesheim gave their old village up and moved to this new one. Also living in the village were service personnel who had to care for the lordly estate, the livestock, the grazing land and the cropfields. In a 1253 document, the stronghold's existence is witnessed for the first time. On 13 March of that year, Raugrave Heinrich I and his brother Rupprecht II, together with their cousin Konrad I from the Old Baumburg, settled the mutual arrangements for the inheritance rights to their holdings. To distinguish their new comital seat from the old castle, the Alte Baumburg on the heights at the edge of the Alsenz valley, the Raugraves named the new castle Neue Baumburg, from which developed, after various shifts in pronunciation over the centuries, to \"Neu-Bamberg\". Nevertheless, the 1253 document does not put a name to this place, but rather says: Novum castrum apud Sarlesheim (\"new castle near Sarlesheim\"). Sarlesheim was a village that lay right near what is now the village of Neu-Bamberg, but later vanished. It had its first documentary mention together with the castle in the Raugraves’ 1253 document. The castle is nowadays a ruin crowning the crag where it was built. It can be seen far beyond the village. Just when the Raugraves, who instituted a constituent county here on their own territory, laid the foundation stone for the complex and completed it is unknown. The document mentioned above was the first to bear witness to its past. It seems clear, though, that by that time, it had been largely completed, at least in its most important parts. Already by the late 13th century, quite a big village had arisen here. The first Jews settled here in 1276 and in 1320, Emperor Ludwig, at Raugrave of Altenbaumburg Georg II's request, afforded the village Imperial protection. The castle and the village that had by now arisen were mentioned by name in a 1285 document. On 1 October of that year, Raugrave Heinrich II transferred to his wife Adelheid, born a countess of Sayn, the castle with all its walls and mountain perimeter as a widow's seat. Another document from 1297 describes the village as a Stadt (\"town\"). The rulers allowed the townsmen such rights, freedoms and favours as those enjoyed by the Oppenheimers. Furthermore, in 1330, the king granted Neu-Bamberg the right to hold a weekly market on Mondays. This shows that the settlement was a particular candidate for fostering. In 1337, the Raugraves pledged a half share in the castle and the small town of Neu-Bamberg to Archbishop of Mainz Heinrich III against a payment of 1,300 pounds in Heller. In 1369, the Counts Palatine of the Rhine, as well as a few towns, managed to secure entry rights to the half of the town that had remained in the Raugraves’ hands. After 1400, the shares in the ownership of the village were as follows: the Electorate of Mainz held a five-eighths share; the Lords of Daun/Counts of Falkenstein held a one-eighth share; the Counts of Sponheim held a two-eighths share, although by 1403, they had transferred their ownership share to Johann, Marshal of Waldeck. Neu-Bamberg formed an Amt in its own right within the Electorate of Mainz, and its territory also included the villages of Volxheim, Siefersheim, Wöllstein, Gumbsheim and Pleitersheim, along with each one's outlying countryside. Electoral Mainz's Praefectura Neobaumbergensis, as this was called, existed until the French Revolution. It kept its seat at the building that later served as a school and now as the municipal hall. In 1467, Prince-Archbishop-Elector Adolf II of Mainz pledged part of Neu-Bamberg to Count Wirich VII of Daun-Falkenstein. When this part passed by way of inheritance to the Duke of Lorraine in 1661, the then Prince-Archbishop-Elector of Mainz redeemed it in 1663. When a dispute broke out in 1668 with Elector Palatine Karl Ludwig over certain thoroughfare rights through Neu-Bamberg, the Prince-Archbishop-Elector of Mainz sued the Elector Palatine at the Reichskammergericht. The ruling on the dispute was just transferred to the Counts Palatine's declared adversaries, the Margraves of Baden, who quickly assigned the whole Neu-Bamberg landhold to the Archbishop of Mainz. In the disagreement over the local lordship, the castle and the village's fortifications were destroyed. In 1717, Neu-Bamberg was lastingly assigned by treaty in 1717 to the Electorate of Mainz, thereafter becoming an Electoral Mainz Amt to which the Electoral Mainz villages of Volxheim and Siefersheim were subject, as were Wöllstein, Gumbsheim and Pleitersheim, which were jointly ruled with Nassau-Saarbrücken. Mainz held the small castle town until the French conquest in the late 18th century. High jurisdiction is one of the most prominent features of mediaeval and even early-modern lordly power, with the gallows as its hallmark. Hence, it is to be understood that the execution places were to be set up in such exposed, widely visible spots as the Galgenberg (\"Gallows Mountain\") near Neu-Bamberg, which climbs up steeply right behind the Weidenmühle (mill) on the road going towards Wonsheim. The surroundings up at the hilltop where the gallows stood gives the same grim impression that came to mind when people who lived centuries ago thought of such places: bare, infertile land covered only in sparse grass, above which here and there only scanty shrubs grew. The last of the likely not few times when Neu-Bamberg was pillaged and plundered over its eventful history came in October 1796 by French Revolutionary troops. It lasted two days. Just before this event, the French had been engaging the Austrians nearby. The plunderers took all the village's livestock away with them to their camp. The Revolution of 1848 echoed lastingly in this small castle village, which in 1815 already had 478 inhabitants. An eyewitness, master tinsmith Karl Luttenberger, later told the following:One evening fire could be seen burning all round on the heights. Our townsman Johann Schlamp III, a freedom-fighter captain, fetched himself the Ries orchestra's big drum out of the dance hall, a wooden spoon from the kitchen and worked his way through the laneways in such a way that he soon had a goodly number of people behind him. Thereupon, a parade to the Schloßberg (\"Castle Mountain\") formed… A militia was also formed, with wooden shotguns, who met one Sunday with those from Fürfeld and Wonsheim. The meeting, which had begun with much enthusiasm ended less praiseworthily: during a drinking binge, an argument, and then a fight, broke out. When in the end the movement was beaten by the Prussians, the militiamen wished they had never said or done anything. In 1866, four men from Neu-Bamberg went to war in the Prussian forces against Austria, fighting in the Austro-Prussian War, among them Philipp and Michael Bremmer, who also fought alongside 17 others from the village in the Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871); one of them did not come back from the latter war. It was, however, not only war and other disputes that defined village life at that time. The local stone industry was experiencing decisive growth through technical innovation. In 1898, when the Sprendlingen–Fürfeld railway line was completed, stone could be shipped by rail to its various destinations. Shortly thereafter, trucks were also hauling stone cargoes. Steam engines, which drove the gravel quarries, also made it possible to increase production, as did electricity, which began to be transmitted to the village from Kreuznach in 1917. As early as 1909, Neu-Bamberg also enjoyed the modern convenience of a watermain. The village's sportsmen joined together in 1906 to form the Turn- und Sportverein (gymnastic and sport club). The First World War tore many young men from Neu-Bamberg. Twenty-four of them fell in that war, and six were listed as missing in action.\n Links: a. Wöllstein b. Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor c. Austro-Prussian War d. Adolph II of Nassau", "neg": "Question: In what year was the house the Vogtei went to after the Lenzburg family established? Passage:The first mention of modern Hägglingen is in 1036 when Count Ulrich von Lenzburg granted the church and farm of Hekelingen to Beromünster. In the acknowledgments of Emperor Henry III in 1045, the village of Hackelingen was mentioned. Frederick I Barbarossa acknowledged the grants to the village in 1173. The Vogtei (bailiwick) went from the Lenzburg family to the Kyburgs and then in 1273 to the Lords of Hallwyl. The high court rights were exercised by the Habsburgs until the Swiss conquered the Aargau in 1415. It was not until 1425 that Hägglingen, which was claimed by Lucerne, came under the authority of the entire Confederacy. It was first assigned to the district court of Wohlenschwil before it became an independent municipality from 1435-1712.\n Links: a. Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor b. Wohlenschwil c. House of Habsburg d. Kyburg family", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}218{"query": "Question: Who is the current governor of the state where Jones was born? Passage:Walter \"Wiley\" Jones was born in Madison County in northeastern Georgia, on July 14, 1848. His parents were George Jones, a white planter, and Jones' slave, Anne, who had six children by George Jones: Matthew (who superintended the construction of the Wiley Jones Street Car Line), Thomas, Julia (wife of Ben Reed), Wiley, Taylor, and James (who managed many of Wiley's businesses). Wiley received his nickname because of his mischievous nature. At the age of five, he moved to Arkansas with his master and more than forty fellow slaves. They settled on the Governor Byrd plantation. George Jones died in 1858. Anne was called his wife in an 1889 biography of Jones, and she believed that George had promised to free herself and her children upon his death, but no manumission papers were found, and the family was kept as slaves and sold by the estate administer, Peter Finerty, to James Yell, a lawyer and planter in Pine Bluff. Jones worked as a houseboy and carriage driver for his new master. When Jones was ten, he was given to Yell's only son, Fountain Pitts Yell, on the occasion of Pitts Yell's marriage. Pitts was a state representative from 1860 to 1861. During the American Civil War, James Yell became a Major General of the Arkansas State Militia, and Pitts became a colonel in Company S of the 26th Arkansas Infantry Regiment in the Confederate Army. James Yell's was transferred to the Confederate States Army in the summer of 1861, and James left the service and moved to Texas. Jones served for Pitts during the war until Pitts' death in 1864 at the Battle of Pleasant Hill in Louisiana. Jones then joined James Yell and his family in Waco, Texas. There, he served as a porter in a mercantile house for one year. He was then hired to drive a wagon carrying cotton on a route along the Brazos River to San Antonio.\n Links: a. Texas b. American Civil War c. Georgia (U.S. state) d. San Antonio", "pos": "Question: How long is the river in San Antonio where Jones drove cotton carrying wagon along the river? Passage:Walter \"Wiley\" Jones was born in Madison County in northeastern Georgia, on July 14, 1848. His parents were George Jones, a white planter, and Jones' slave, Anne, who had six children by George Jones: Matthew (who superintended the construction of the Wiley Jones Street Car Line), Thomas, Julia (wife of Ben Reed), Wiley, Taylor, and James (who managed many of Wiley's businesses). Wiley received his nickname because of his mischievous nature. At the age of five, he moved to Arkansas with his master and more than forty fellow slaves. They settled on the Governor Byrd plantation. George Jones died in 1858. Anne was called his wife in an 1889 biography of Jones, and she believed that George had promised to free herself and her children upon his death, but no manumission papers were found, and the family was kept as slaves and sold by the estate administer, Peter Finerty, to James Yell, a lawyer and planter in Pine Bluff. Jones worked as a houseboy and carriage driver for his new master. When Jones was ten, he was given to Yell's only son, Fountain Pitts Yell, on the occasion of Pitts Yell's marriage. Pitts was a state representative from 1860 to 1861. During the American Civil War, James Yell became a Major General of the Arkansas State Militia, and Pitts became a colonel in Company S of the 26th Arkansas Infantry Regiment in the Confederate Army. James Yell's was transferred to the Confederate States Army in the summer of 1861, and James left the service and moved to Texas. Jones served for Pitts during the war until Pitts' death in 1864 at the Battle of Pleasant Hill in Louisiana. Jones then joined James Yell and his family in Waco, Texas. There, he served as a porter in a mercantile house for one year. He was then hired to drive a wagon carrying cotton on a route along the Brazos River to San Antonio.\n Links: a. Battle of Pleasant Hill b. Louisiana c. Brazos River d. Texas", "neg": "Question: Who was the leader of the Ku Klux Klan the year Bullock took office as the Governor of Georgia? Passage:Bullock served as the 46th Governor of Georgia from 1868 to 1871 during Reconstruction and was the first Republican governor of Georgia. After Georgia ratified the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution, the Omnibus Act declared that states were entitled to representation in Congress as one of the states of the Union. Georgia again lost the right to representation in Congress because the General Assembly expelled twenty-eight black members and prevented blacks from voting in the 1868 presidential election (see Original 33). In response to an appeal from Bullock, Georgia was again placed under military rule as part of the Georgia Act of December 22, 1869. This made Bullock a hated political figure. After various allegations of scandal and ridicule, in 1871 he was obliged by the Ku Klux Klan to resign the governorship, and felt it prudent to leave the state. He was succeeded by Republican State Senate president Benjamin Conley, who served as Governor for the two remaining months of the term to which Bullock had been elected. Conley was succeeded by James M. Smith, a Democrat, and no Republican would serve as governor of Georgia again until Sonny Perdue in 2003.\n Links: a. List of governors of Georgia b. Ku Klux Klan c. Original 33 d. Original 33", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}219{"query": "Question: Who was older, Tian Chengsi or Li Baochen? Passage:By 775, one of the military governors who had only nominally been submissive to Emperor Daizong, Tian Chengsi the military governor of Weibo Circuit (魏博, headquartered in modern Handan, Hebei), had particularly offended not only the imperial government but also his fellow warlords—by seizing much of Zhaoyi Circuit (昭義, headquartered in modern Anyang, Henan) after the death of its military governor Xue Song in 773; by looking down on Li Zhengji the military governor of Pinglu Circuit (平盧, headquartered in modern Tai'an, Shandong) and Li Baochen the military governor of Chengde (成德, headquartered in modern Shijiazhuang, Hebei); and by killing Li Baochen's brother Li Baozheng (李寶正), who was also his son-in-law, after his own son Tian Wei (田維) died after colliding with Li Baozhen while playing polo. Li Baochen and Li Zhengji thus offered to attack Tian, and Emperor Daizong decided to take this opportunity to destroy the rebellious Tian. As Zhu Tao was then submissive to the imperial government, he joined forces with Li Baochen and another general loyal to the imperial government, Xue Jianxun (薛兼訓), to attack Weibo from the north, while Li Zhengji and Li Zhongchen attacked from the south. The joint forces had initial successes, but when Zhu and Li Baochen attacked Cang Prefecture (滄州, in modern Cangzhou, Hebei), which was defended by Tian's cousin Tian Tingjie (田庭玠), they could not capture it quickly. Meanwhile, Tian Chengsi had persuaded Li Zhengji to withdraw with flattery. In addition, Li Baochen was offended when an imperial eunuch, Ma Chengqian (馬承倩), who had visited Li Baochen's army, was so dissatisfied with Li Baochen's gift to him that he threw it on the ground, and Tian was also able to use hoaxes to persuade Li Baochen that if he joined forces with Tian to attack Lulong, he would be successful. Li Baochen thus turned against Zhu, launching a surprise attack on him, but was unable to kill Zhu, effectively ending any hopes of the campaign against Tian and subsequently creating an enmity between the Chengde and Lulong Circuits. Emperor Daizong was subsequently forced to reaccept Tian Chengsi's nominal submission.\n Links: a. Tai'an b. Polo c. Shandong d. Li Baochen", "pos": "Question: How long did the fight last in which Liu Bei and Cao Cao defeated Lü Bu? Passage:Liu Bei and his oath brothers Guan Yu and Zhang Fei swore allegiance to the Han Empire in the Oath of the Peach Garden and pledged to do their best for the people. However, their ambitions were not realised as they did not receive due recognition for helping to suppress the Yellow Turban Rebellion and participating in the campaign against Dong Zhuo. After Liu Bei succeeded Tao Qian as the governor of Xu Province, he offered shelter to Lü Bu, who had just been defeated by Cao Cao. However, Lü Bu betrayed his host, seized control of the province and attacked Liu Bei. Liu Bei combined forces with Cao Cao and defeated Lü Bu at the Battle of Xiapi. Liu Bei then followed Cao Cao back to the imperial capital, Xu, where Emperor Xian honoured him as his \"Imperial Uncle\". When Cao Cao showed signs that he wanted to usurp the throne, Emperor Xian wrote a secret decree in blood to his father-in-law, Dong Cheng, and ordered him to get rid of Cao. Dong Cheng secretly contacted Liu Bei and others and they planned to assassinate Cao Cao. However, the plot was leaked out and Cao Cao had Dong Cheng and the others arrested and executed along with their families.\n Links: a. Lü Bu b. Yellow Turban Rebellion c. Campaign against Dong Zhuo d. Battle of Xiapi", "neg": "Question: Who was the eldest of Liu's oath brothers? Passage:Liu Bei and his oath brothers Guan Yu and Zhang Fei swore allegiance to the Han Empire in the Oath of the Peach Garden and pledged to do their best for the people. However, their ambitions were not realised as they did not receive due recognition for helping to suppress the Yellow Turban Rebellion and participating in the campaign against Dong Zhuo. After Liu Bei succeeded Tao Qian as the governor of Xu Province, he offered shelter to Lü Bu, who had just been defeated by Cao Cao. However, Lü Bu betrayed his host, seized control of the province and attacked Liu Bei. Liu Bei combined forces with Cao Cao and defeated Lü Bu at the Battle of Xiapi. Liu Bei then followed Cao Cao back to the imperial capital, Xu, where Emperor Xian honoured him as his \"Imperial Uncle\". When Cao Cao showed signs that he wanted to usurp the throne, Emperor Xian wrote a secret decree in blood to his father-in-law, Dong Cheng, and ordered him to get rid of Cao. Dong Cheng secretly contacted Liu Bei and others and they planned to assassinate Cao Cao. However, the plot was leaked out and Cao Cao had Dong Cheng and the others arrested and executed along with their families.\n Links: a. Oath of the Peach Garden b. Liu Bei c. Guan Yu d. Campaign against Dong Zhuo", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}220{"query": "Question: Where was the person born who wrote Scared of Beautiful? Passage:\"Scared of Beautiful\" was written by Odd Future collective member Frank Ocean along with producer Warryn Campbell, and Chameleon Records head Breyon Prescott. Jaycen Joshua mixed the track, while Trehy Harris assisted in the audio engineering of it; both tasks were executed at the Larrabee Sound Studios, in North Hollywood, California. In early March 2012, Norwood made known that Ocean would contribute to her then upcoming sixth studio album, Two Eleven. He previously wrote the songs \"1st & Love\" and \"Locket (Locked in Love)\" for her 2008 album Human, a process which resulted in a close friendship between the singers. Though Ocean didn’t write \"Scared of Beautiful\" specifically for her, Norwood stated that she was owning it now: “It’s on my album, I got a claim... ’Frank Ocean, you wrote that song for me, you just didn’t know it’,” she joked. Ocean's demo of the track was leaked in late 2011. Crafted by Midi Mafia members Waynne Nugent and Kevin Risto along with songwriters Tim Stewart and Lamont Neuble, it features a significantly different, guitar-driven instrumentalization. Campbell, unaware of Ocean's version, produced his own variation of \"Scared of Beautiful\" with help from Prescott along Norwood's pre-recorded vocals only.\n Links: a. LEAK b. Frank Ocean c. Human (Brandy album) d. Two Eleven", "pos": "Question: Was the man who produced \"Almost Don't Count\" born in the U.S.? Passage:\"Learn the Hard Way\" is the album's fourth track. It is the third song on the album, and shares similarities with the song \"Never Say Never\". The Guy Roche-produced \"Almost Doesn't Count\" is the fifth track. Brandy performed the song in the 1999 film Double Platinum, starring Diana Ross and herself. The international single \"Top of the World\" is the album's sixth track. It is a collaboration with Mase and the song talks about Brandy as a popstar just trying to be her and not feeling like being in her own world. In the music video, directed by Paul Hunter, Brandy was featured incurring various supernatural phenomena. She spontaneously floated in the air, flipping and somersaulting above random objects; telephone poles and vehicles, as people stopped to stare. These strange phenomena also included balancing herself vertically and horizontally alongside skyscrapers and buildings. The Darkchild-produced \"U Don't Know Me (Like U Used To)\", which is the album's seventh and final single, is noted for its remix version with Shaunta and Da Brat. The remix was released as the lead single to the same-named EP. \"Never Say Never\", also produced by Rodney Jerkins, is the eighth song of the album. \"Never Say Never\" was released as a Germany single in 2000. \"Truthfully\", a ballad about a broken relationship, was penned by former Boyz II Men member, singer-songwriter Marc Nelson. Recorded in a single take, it took Nelson five different sessions to get Norwood in the recording studio as she felt initially nervous about working with him. Main production on the song was helmed by Harvey Mason, Jr. who received his first major placement as a producer on \"Truthfully\". Mason was consulted by Jerkins after he had shopped around several tracks for record executives.\n Links: a. Diana Ross b. Guy Roche c. Da Brat d. Rodney Jerkins", "neg": "Question: Who directed the film which inspired Khalifa's song \"The Kid Frankie\"? Passage:On the song \"The Kid Frankie\", Khalifa raps over the English R&B band Loose Ends' No. 1 hit single, \"Hangin' on a String\" (1985). Khalifa stated that the song was inspired by the character Frankie from the film The Business (2005), who listens to Loose Ends while traveling around Spain. The song \"Never Been\" samples \"Schala's Theme\" from the soundtrack to the video game Chrono Trigger with its soundtrack composed by Yasunori Mitsuda. The song \"Up\", samples Tevin Campbell's \"Could It Be\". \"In the Cut\" samples \"Let Go\" by Frou Frou from the end credits of the film Garden State, the song \"We're Done\" samples the single \"Our Time Is Here\" by Demi Lovato from the Disney soundtrack Camp Rock. The song \"Visions\" contains a sample from \"Huit Octobre 1971\" by Cortex. \"Spotlight\" sampled \"Theme from the Planets\" by Dexter Wansel, from his album \"Life on Mars\" (1976) and \"Still Blazin\" samples Alborosie's song of the same name.\n Links: a. The Business (film) b. Garden State (film) c. Dexter Wansel d. Frou Frou (band)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}221{"query": "Question: How long had Casualty been airing before its spinoff first aired? Passage:Casualty is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One. The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin. It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show Holby City. Casualty follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General. It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show. Many main characters have been written in and out of the series since. In addition, Casualty features guest stars each week, as well as recurring guests that take part in story arcs that span a portion of a series or multiple series.\n Links: a. Casualty (TV series) b. Holby c. Holby d. BBC One", "pos": "Question: How many years apart are the creators of Casualty? Passage:Casualty is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One. The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin. It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show Holby City. Casualty follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General. It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show. Many main characters have been written in and out of the series since. In addition, Casualty features guest stars each week, as well as recurring guests that take part in story arcs that span a portion of a series or multiple series.\n Links: a. Paul Unwin (director) b. Cathy Shipton c. Duffy (Casualty) d. Casualty (TV series)", "neg": "Question: What year did the original actor portray the character that Bradley was last cast as? Passage:Chibnall suggested including a \"bonkers\" gang of characters picked from around time and space. He felt that Doctor Who could have \"collisions of characters that no other show in the world can do\", and that it was about finding a \"disparate\" group of characters who would \"bounce\" off each other. Nefertiti's decision not to return to her own time fits in with the historical record, as the date and cause of her death are unknown. Chibnall asked to introduce Rory's father, as Amy and Rory would be leaving in four episodes and Rory's family life had not been explored yet. Mark Williams who played Rory's father previously appeared in the Fifth Doctor audio adventure The Eternal Summer. Rupert Graves, who played an Edwardian hunter in this episode, previously worked with Moffat on the BBC series Sherlock. David Bradley's character, Solomon, was modelled on a \"well-known nightclub owner with long hair\". Chibnall described him as \"half businessman, half Somali pirate\". Bradley and Williams had previously worked together on the Harry Potter film franchise. Bradley was later cast as the First Doctor William Hartnell for the 50th anniversary documentary drama An Adventure in Space and Time. Comedy duo Mitchell and Webb provided the voices of Solomon's two robots; executive producer Caroline Skinner called the casting choice \"perfect\". Richard Hope, who played the Silurian Bleytal, previously appeared as Malohkeh in the episodes \"The Hungry Earth\", \"Cold Blood\" and \"The Wedding of River Song\".\n Links: a. Mark Williams (actor) b. Fifth Doctor c. The Wedding of River Song d. William Hartnell", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}222{"query": "Question: How many songs are on the album that \"Sometimes\" is part of? Passage:Before recording her debut album, Spears had originally envisioned it in the style of \"Sheryl Crow music, but younger [and] more adult contemporary\". However, the singer agreed with her label's appointment of producers, who had the objective to reach a teen public at the time. She flew to Cheiron Studios in Stockholm, Sweden, where half of the album was recorded the spring of 1998, with producers Max Martin, Denniz Pop and Rami Yacoub, among others. \"Sometimes\" was written by Jörgen Elofsson, and produced by Per Magnusson and David Kreuger. Spears recorded the vocals for the song in May 1998, at Cheiron Studios in Stockholm, Sweden. It was also mixed at Cheiron Studios by Martin. Esbjörn Öhrwall played the acoustic guitar, while bass guitar was done by Thomas Lindberg. Keyboards and programming was done by Kreuger, and additional keyboards by Magnusson. Background vocals were provided by Anders von Hoffsten. Spears also co-wrote and recorded a track called \"I'm So Curious\", produced by Eric Foster White, that was released as a B-side to \"Sometimes\". The track was recorded in 1997 at 4MW East Studios in New Jersey. \"Sometimes\" was released as the second single from ...Baby One More Time on April 30, 1999.\n Links: a. ...Baby One More Time (album) b. A-side and B-side c. Keyboard instrument d. Sheryl Crow", "pos": "Question: What album featured the Ashlee Simpson song that was in the top ten most popular songs on the iTunes store with A Public Affair? Passage:\"A Public Affair\" was released as the album's lead single on June 29, 2006. The song received mixed reviews from critics, with many criticizing its close similarity with \"Holiday\". The song also channeled Janet Jackson with its \"breathy vocals, cheery, almost sickeningly sweet melody\", and \"mid-song giggle\". The music video was shot on June 23, 2006 and the late evening of June 24, 2006 at the Moonlight Rollerway in Glendale, California. It features appearances by Christina Applegate, Christina Milian, Eva Longoria, Maria Menounos, Andy Dick and Ryan Seacrest. On July 19, Simpson visited Total Request Live to world premiere the video. In the chart Billboard Hot Videoclip Tracks peaked at the number 5. The single debuted at number thirty-nine on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart, Simpson's second highest debut after \"These Boots Are Made for Walkin'\". It had previously debuted at number twenty on Billboard's Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which represents the twenty-five singles below the Hot 100's number 100 position that have not yet appeared on the Hot 100. Digital download sales were moderate until the release of the single's music video. In late July \"A Public Affair\" joined Ashlee Simpson's song \"Invisible\" in the top ten on the US iTunes Store's list of most popular songs, the first time in iTunes history that two siblings had different songs in the top ten. The song peaked in its fifth week on the Hot 100.\n Links: a. Invisible (Jaded Era song) b. Janet Jackson c. Andy Dick d. Christina Applegate", "neg": "Question: Where is the person from who Britney Spears was thinking about imitating? Passage:Before recording her debut album, Spears had originally envisioned it in the style of \"Sheryl Crow music, but younger [and] more adult contemporary\". However, the singer agreed with her label's appointment of producers, who had the objective to reach a teen public at the time. She flew to Cheiron Studios in Stockholm, Sweden, where half of the album was recorded the spring of 1998, with producers Max Martin, Denniz Pop and Rami Yacoub, among others. \"Sometimes\" was written by Jörgen Elofsson, and produced by Per Magnusson and David Kreuger. Spears recorded the vocals for the song in May 1998, at Cheiron Studios in Stockholm, Sweden. It was also mixed at Cheiron Studios by Martin. Esbjörn Öhrwall played the acoustic guitar, while bass guitar was done by Thomas Lindberg. Keyboards and programming was done by Kreuger, and additional keyboards by Magnusson. Background vocals were provided by Anders von Hoffsten. Spears also co-wrote and recorded a track called \"I'm So Curious\", produced by Eric Foster White, that was released as a B-side to \"Sometimes\". The track was recorded in 1997 at 4MW East Studios in New Jersey. \"Sometimes\" was released as the second single from ...Baby One More Time on April 30, 1999.\n Links: a. Cheiron Studios b. Sheryl Crow c. Max Martin d. Acoustic guitar", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}223{"query": "Question: How many shots did Romero win his firs senior title by? Passage:Romero first played on the European Tour in 1985 and was a full member from 1988 to 2005. He has 8 tournament victories and seven top twenty placings on the Order of Merit. In 2002 he became the third oldest winner on the European Tour (behind Des Smyth and Neil Coles) when he won the Scottish Open just three days before his 48th birthday. Romero came fifth on the Order of Merit for 2002. Romero turned fifty in 2004, and just a few days later he finished in a tie for second at his first senior tournament, the Senior British Open. In 2005 he won his first senior title at the European Seniors Tour's Travis Perkins Senior Masters, and he won the Wentworth Senior Masters in both 2005 and 2006. In 2006, he lost in a playoff against Loren Roberts for the Senior British Open Championship and won a playoff against Lonnie Nielsen for the JELD-WEN Tradition for his first Champions Tour win and major. He was the Champions Tour's 2006 Rookie of the Year. He won the U.S. Senior Open, his second major, at The Broadmoor in Colorado Springs in 2008.\n Links: a. PGA Tour Champions b. Loren Roberts c. Senior Open Championship d. Wentworth Senior Masters", "pos": "Question: What was the ranking of the player Rivas defeated in a tiebreak in the Parioli Challenge? Passage:During his professional career his ranking peaked at 116 in 1985, a year in which he made the round of 16 at the WCT Tournament of Champions in Forest Hills. One of his wins in that tournament was over 10th seed Tim Wilkison, then ranked 36th in the world. In 1985 he also had a win over Thomas Muster, en route to the final of the Parioli Challenger. In the final he saved two match points to defeat Simone Colombo in a last set tiebreak. It was the first of two Challenger tournaments that he won, the other was the 1988 Crans-Montana Challenger. In 1989 he made the quarter-finals of a Grand Prix tournament, the Rio de Janeiro Open, and beat Petr Korda at a Challenger event in Clermont-Ferrand.\n Links: a. Parioli Challenger b. Tim Wilkison c. Rio de Janeiro Open d. Simone Colombo", "neg": "Question: What golf course did Romero win his first senior title? Passage:Romero first played on the European Tour in 1985 and was a full member from 1988 to 2005. He has 8 tournament victories and seven top twenty placings on the Order of Merit. In 2002 he became the third oldest winner on the European Tour (behind Des Smyth and Neil Coles) when he won the Scottish Open just three days before his 48th birthday. Romero came fifth on the Order of Merit for 2002. Romero turned fifty in 2004, and just a few days later he finished in a tie for second at his first senior tournament, the Senior British Open. In 2005 he won his first senior title at the European Seniors Tour's Travis Perkins Senior Masters, and he won the Wentworth Senior Masters in both 2005 and 2006. In 2006, he lost in a playoff against Loren Roberts for the Senior British Open Championship and won a playoff against Lonnie Nielsen for the JELD-WEN Tradition for his first Champions Tour win and major. He was the Champions Tour's 2006 Rookie of the Year. He won the U.S. Senior Open, his second major, at The Broadmoor in Colorado Springs in 2008.\n Links: a. Senior Open Championship b. Wentworth Senior Masters c. PGA Tour Champions d. Lonnie Nielsen", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}224{"query": "Question: Where was the jockey born that became Fenomeno's regular rider? Passage:On his three-year-old debut, Fenomeno won a minor race over 200 metres at Tokyo on 29 January, beating the subsequent Tenno Sho (autumn) winner Spielberg into second place. He then stepped up in class for the Yayoi Sho (a trial for the Satsuki Sho) at Nakayama and finished sixth of the fifteen runners behind Cosmo Ozora. On 28 April the colt was moved up in distance for the Grade 2 Aoba Sho over 2400 metres at Tokyo and started the 1.1/1 favourite against sixteen opponents. Ridden by Masayoshi Ebina, who became his regular jockey, he recorded his first important success as he came home two and a half lengths clear of Etendard. The colt was then moved into the highest class to contest the Tokyo Yushun on 27 May in which he started at odds of 13.6/1. He was less fancied than Sunday Racing's other two runners World Ace (the favourite) and Deep Brillante with the best of the other runners appearing to be Gold Ship and Grandezza (Spring Stakes). Coming from well off the pace, Fenomeno produced a strong, sustained run on the outside, but just failed to overhaul Deep Brillante and was beaten a nose in a photo finish.\n Links: a. Spring Stakes (Japan) b. Masayoshi Ebina c. Yayoi Sho d. Aoba Sho", "pos": "Question: What was the name of the jockey that rode the favored horse that Fenomeno was considered less fancied against? Passage:On his three-year-old debut, Fenomeno won a minor race over 200 metres at Tokyo on 29 January, beating the subsequent Tenno Sho (autumn) winner Spielberg into second place. He then stepped up in class for the Yayoi Sho (a trial for the Satsuki Sho) at Nakayama and finished sixth of the fifteen runners behind Cosmo Ozora. On 28 April the colt was moved up in distance for the Grade 2 Aoba Sho over 2400 metres at Tokyo and started the 1.1/1 favourite against sixteen opponents. Ridden by Masayoshi Ebina, who became his regular jockey, he recorded his first important success as he came home two and a half lengths clear of Etendard. The colt was then moved into the highest class to contest the Tokyo Yushun on 27 May in which he started at odds of 13.6/1. He was less fancied than Sunday Racing's other two runners World Ace (the favourite) and Deep Brillante with the best of the other runners appearing to be Gold Ship and Grandezza (Spring Stakes). Coming from well off the pace, Fenomeno produced a strong, sustained run on the outside, but just failed to overhaul Deep Brillante and was beaten a nose in a photo finish.\n Links: a. Spring Stakes (Japan) b. Deep Brillante c. Graded stakes race d. Aoba Sho", "neg": "Question: On what date did Recitation win its maiden race at Newbury Racecourse? Passage:After finishing third over five furlongs on his racecourse debut, Recitation won a maiden race over the same distance at Newbury Racecourse, beating I'll See You by half a length. The colt was then moved up sharply in class for the Group Three Coventry Stakes over six furlongs at Royal Ascot in June in which he was ridden by Greville Starkey and started at odds of 11/1. In a performance which Timeform described as \"a revelation\", Recitation took the lead a quarter mile from the finish and drew clear of the field to win easily by five lengths from Motavato, Bel Bolide and Another Realm. The form of the race was subsequently boosted when the third and fourth placed horses won the Gimcrack Stakes and the Richmond Stakes respectively. In the July Stakes at Newmarket Racecourse Recitation started 2/5 favourite against two opponents, but was beaten two and a half lengths by Age Quod Agis.\n Links: a. Greville Starkey b. Newbury Racecourse c. Bel Bolide d. Maiden race", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}225{"query": "Question: Who was the goalkeeper for Shelbourne in 2007? Passage:Beginning his career in England with Everton in 1997, three years later he moved on to Port Vale, having never turned out for the first team at Everton despite winning caps for the Republic of Ireland under-21s and lifting the FA Youth Cup. He spent four years with Vale, and did make 39 first team appearances, though was never their first choice keeper. He also spent time on loan at Macclesfield Town, but never made it onto the field. He returned to Ireland in 2004 to sign a contract with Shelbourne, who he helped to the League of Ireland title in 2006. He spent 2007 with Waterford United, though returned to Shelbourne the following year. The \"Shels\" had been demoted in his absence, and he was the goalkeeper in the 2011 season, as they won promotion back into the top-flight. He joined Bohemians in time for the 2013 season, before returning to Shelbourne again in 2017 and helpign the club to win promotion as League of Ireland First Division champions in 2019. He was named on the PFAI First Division Team of the Year for the 2009 and 2018 seasons.\n Links: a. Shelbourne F.C. b. 2011 Shelbourne F.C. season c. 2006 Shelbourne F.C. season d. 2011 Shelbourne F.C. season", "pos": "Question: How long had Kortrijk been a team when Gillenken made his debut for OH Leuven? Passage:Gillekens made his debut for OH Leuven in the 2014–15 Belgian Cup in the sixth round match against Kortrijk, a 1-3 loss, although that season he was part of the reserves and only fourth goalkeeper behind Logan Bailly, Yves Lenaerts and Senne Vits. Later that season he also played one match in the 2014–15 Belgian Second Division against Mons. Although Gillekens was promoted to third keeper for the 2015–16 season, he did not play a single match that season. Following the relegation from the 2015–16 Belgian Pro League, first goalkeeper Rudy Riou was released while second goalkeeper Yves Lenaerts had already signed for ASV Geel. As such, Gillekens was promoted to first goalkeeper for the 2016–17 season in the Belgian First Division B. During the winter 2017–18 transfer window OH Leuven signed Kawin Thamsatchanan, captain of the Thailand national football team and soon thereafter Gillekens was demoted to reserve goalkeeper. Following Thamsatchanan's injury during the 2018–19 season, Gillekens again became first goalkeeper for a few matches before then being surpassed by Laurent Henkinet. Towards the end of the season, Gillekens was even demoted to third goalkeeper with Thamsatchanan now taking his place on the bench and after the final match of the season it became clear that Gillekens would not be signing a new deal at OH Leuven.\n Links: a. K.V. Kortrijk b. 2016–17 Belgian First Division B c. Yves Lenaerts d. Thailand national football team", "neg": "Question: Who did Dean Delany play for in 2009 when he wont the PFAI First Division Team of the Year? Passage:Beginning his career in England with Everton in 1997, three years later he moved on to Port Vale, having never turned out for the first team at Everton despite winning caps for the Republic of Ireland under-21s and lifting the FA Youth Cup. He spent four years with Vale, and did make 39 first team appearances, though was never their first choice keeper. He also spent time on loan at Macclesfield Town, but never made it onto the field. He returned to Ireland in 2004 to sign a contract with Shelbourne, who he helped to the League of Ireland title in 2006. He spent 2007 with Waterford United, though returned to Shelbourne the following year. The \"Shels\" had been demoted in his absence, and he was the goalkeeper in the 2011 season, as they won promotion back into the top-flight. He joined Bohemians in time for the 2013 season, before returning to Shelbourne again in 2017 and helpign the club to win promotion as League of Ireland First Division champions in 2019. He was named on the PFAI First Division Team of the Year for the 2009 and 2018 seasons.\n Links: a. Macclesfield Town F.C. b. Macclesfield Town F.C. c. Port Vale F.C. d. PFAI Team of the Year", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}226{"query": "Question: How tall is the Serranía de Baudó mountain chain? Passage:The Coiba Plate is a small tectonic plate (a microplate) located off the coasts south of Panama and northwestern Colombia. It is named after Coiba, the largest island of Central America, just north of the plate offshore southern Panama. It is bounded on the west by the Cocos Plate, on the south by the Malpelo Plate, on the east by the North Andes Plate, and on the north by the Panama Plate. This microplate was previously assumed to be part of the Nazca Plate, forming the northeastern tongue of the Nazca Plate together with the Malpelo Plate. Bordering the Coiba Plate on the east are the north-south striking Bahía Solano Fault and east of that, the Serranía de Baudó, an isolated mountain chain in northwestern Chocó, Colombia.\n Links: a. Panama Plate b. Serranía del Baudó c. Panama Plate d. Malpelo Plate", "pos": "Question: How many people live in the country just to the south of Peru? Passage:Peru – country located in western South America, on the Pacific Coast, north of Chile. Peruvian territory was home to several ancient cultures. Ranging from the Norte Chico civilization in the 32nd century BC, the oldest civilization in the Americas and one of the five cradles of civilization, to the Inca Empire, the largest state in pre-Columbian America, the territory now including Peru has one of the longest histories of civilization of any country, tracing its heritage back to the 4th millennia BCE. The Spanish Empire conquered the region in the 16th century and established a Viceroyalty, which included most of its South American colonies. After achieving independence in 1821, Peru has undergone periods of political unrest and fiscal crisis as well as periods of stability and economic upswing.\n Links: a. Pacific coast b. Chile c. Peru d. Peru", "neg": "Question: Which mountain range is higher, the Precordillera or the Andes? Passage:The Precordillera terrane of western Argentina is a large mountain range located southeast of the main Andes mountain range. The evolution of the Precordillera is noted for its unique formation history compared to the region nearby. The Cambrian-Ordovian sedimentology in the Precordillera terrane has its source neither from old Andes nor nearby country rock, but shares similar characteristics with the Grenville orogeny of eastern North America. This indicates a rift-drift history of the Precordillera in the early Paleozoic. The Precordillera is a moving micro-continent which started from the southeast part of the ancient continent Laurentia (current location: North American plate). The separation of the Precordillera (also named Cuyania) started around the early Cambrian. The mass collided with Gondwana (the ancient supercontinent in the southern hemisphere) around Late Ordovician period. Different models and thinking of rift-drift process and the time of occurrence have been proposed. This page focuses on the evidence of drifting found in the stratigraphical record of the Precordillera, as well as exhibiting models of how the Precordillera drifted to Gondwana. \n Links: a. Laurentia b. Argentina c. Sedimentology d. Andes", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}227{"query": "Question: In which state was the Samson and Delilah opera revived during The Metropolitan Opera's 1915/1916 season?  Passage:The Metropolitan Opera revived the opera in its 1915/1916 season with Margaret Matzenauer as Delilah, Enrico Caruso as Samson, and Pasquale Amato as the High Priest. Since then the company has staged productions of the opera at least once every decade giving more than 200 performances of the work. Plácido Domingo performed as Samson in the 1981 San Francisco Opera production co-starring Shirley Verrett, under Julius Rudel and at the Metropolitan Opera's 1998 production with Olga Borodina. More recent productions of the opera by the Metropolitan have been in 2006, with Marina Domashenko and Olga Borodina alternating as Delilah, and in 2018 with Elīna Garanča and Roberto Alagna. The Lyric Opera of Chicago gave their first performance of the opera in November 1962 with Rita Gorr as Delilah and as Samson. The company has revived the work numerous times since then, most recently in their 2003/2004 season with Olga Borodina as Dalila and José Cura as Samson. Likewise, the San Francisco Opera has staged the opera 10 times during its history giving its first performance in 1925, with Marguerite d'Alvarez and Fernand Ansseau in the principal roles, and its most recent performance in 2008, with Borodina and Clifton Forbis.\n Links: a. Metropolitan Opera b. Fernand Ansseau c. Fernand Ansseau d. Olga Borodina", "pos": "Question: Which show had more performances, the grand opera Carte produced at another theatre or the show produced when Gilbert and Sullivan reunited in 1893? Passage:When the Gilbert and Sullivan partnership collapsed after the production of The Gondoliers in 1889, their producer Richard D'Oyly Carte struggled to find successful new works to show at the Savoy Theatre. Carte produced Sullivan's grand opera, Ivanhoe at another theatre, and afterwards, he turned to Sullivan to create more comic operas for the Savoy. With Sydney Grundy, Sullivan wrote the nostalgic and sentimental Haddon Hall (1892) then, reunited with W. S. Gilbert, he produced Utopia, Limited (1893). He next returned, with his earlier collaborator F. C. Burnand, with The Chieftain (1894) and collaborated for the last time with Gilbert on The Grand Duke (1896). None of these had proved to be more than modestly successful, and Carte's other new pieces for the Savoy in the 1890s had done no better. Following the success of Sullivan's ballet Victoria and Merrie England in 1897, Carte asked Sullivan to work on another new opera for the Savoy.\n Links: a. Ivanhoe (opera) b. W. S. Gilbert c. The Grand Duke d. Richard D'Oyly Carte", "neg": "Question: What was the vocal range of the singer who performed in Samson and Delilah as Delilah at the Metropolitan Opera during its 1915/1916 season? Passage:The Metropolitan Opera revived the opera in its 1915/1916 season with Margaret Matzenauer as Delilah, Enrico Caruso as Samson, and Pasquale Amato as the High Priest. Since then the company has staged productions of the opera at least once every decade giving more than 200 performances of the work. Plácido Domingo performed as Samson in the 1981 San Francisco Opera production co-starring Shirley Verrett, under Julius Rudel and at the Metropolitan Opera's 1998 production with Olga Borodina. More recent productions of the opera by the Metropolitan have been in 2006, with Marina Domashenko and Olga Borodina alternating as Delilah, and in 2018 with Elīna Garanča and Roberto Alagna. The Lyric Opera of Chicago gave their first performance of the opera in November 1962 with Rita Gorr as Delilah and as Samson. The company has revived the work numerous times since then, most recently in their 2003/2004 season with Olga Borodina as Dalila and José Cura as Samson. Likewise, the San Francisco Opera has staged the opera 10 times during its history giving its first performance in 1925, with Marguerite d'Alvarez and Fernand Ansseau in the principal roles, and its most recent performance in 2008, with Borodina and Clifton Forbis.\n Links: a. Julius Rudel b. Fernand Ansseau c. Margaret Matzenauer d. Marguerite d'Alvarez", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}228{"query": "Question: What year was the player drafted who Payton was traded along with to the Boston Celtics? Passage:Prior to the 2004–05 season, the Lakers traded Payton and Rick Fox to the Boston Celtics for center Chris Mihm, small forward Jumaine Jones and point guard Chucky Atkins. While Payton expressed displeasure with the trade, he ultimately did report to Boston and began the 2004–05 season as the Celtics' starting point guard. On February 24, 2005 Payton was traded to the Atlanta Hawks in a deal that brought former Celtic Antoine Walker back to Boston. The Hawks then waived Payton immediately following the trade, and he returned a week later to Boston as a free agent. Payton started all 77 games he played for Boston and averaged 11.3 points per game and 6.1 assists as the Celtics won the Atlantic Division before losing in the first round to the Indiana Pacers.\n Links: a. Antoine Walker b. Rick Fox c. Free agent d. Eastern Conference (NBA)", "pos": "Question: How tall is the player that was brought back to Boston in a February 24, 2005 trade that involved Payton? Passage:Prior to the 2004–05 season, the Lakers traded Payton and Rick Fox to the Boston Celtics for center Chris Mihm, small forward Jumaine Jones and point guard Chucky Atkins. While Payton expressed displeasure with the trade, he ultimately did report to Boston and began the 2004–05 season as the Celtics' starting point guard. On February 24, 2005 Payton was traded to the Atlanta Hawks in a deal that brought former Celtic Antoine Walker back to Boston. The Hawks then waived Payton immediately following the trade, and he returned a week later to Boston as a free agent. Payton started all 77 games he played for Boston and averaged 11.3 points per game and 6.1 assists as the Celtics won the Atlantic Division before losing in the first round to the Indiana Pacers.\n Links: a. 2004–05 NBA season b. Antoine Walker c. Free agent d. Rick Fox", "neg": "Question: When was the player that Shawn Bradley was traded to the New Jersey for drafted into the NBA? Passage:The 1995–96 NBA season was the 76ers 47th season in the National Basketball Association, and 33rd season in Philadelphia. During the offseason, the Sixers signed free agent Vernon Maxwell, then later on signed second-year guard Trevor Ruffin in December. Top draft pick Jerry Stackhouse and Clarence Weatherspoon both provided a nice young nucleus from which to build. However, finding talent to surround them was often difficult, as the Sixers suffered an 11-game losing streak after a 2–2 start. Early into the season, Shawn Bradley was traded to the New Jersey Nets for Derrick Coleman, who only played in just eleven games due to an irregular heartbeat. At midseason, second-year forward Sharone Wright was dealt to the expansion Toronto Raptors as Jeff Malone was released to free agency. The Sixers had their worst season since the infamous 73-loss 1972–73 season, finishing last place in the Atlantic Division with an 18–64 record. \n Links: a. 1972–73 Philadelphia 76ers season b. 1972–73 Philadelphia 76ers season c. 1995–96 Toronto Raptors season d. Derrick Coleman", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}229{"query": "Question: Of the schools that Donegan attended, which is the oldest? Passage:Donegan was born on 13 July 1961 in Stirling, and educated at St Modan's High School in Stirling and at the University of Glasgow, where his musical career began. He was the bassist in The Bluebells, whose biggest hit was \"Young at Heart\", and Lloyd Cole and the Commotions. After the latter group split, Donegan became a journalist and an author. Between these roles, he worked as the House of Commons assistant to Brian Wilson MP. Whilst in that role, he was part of a one-off band called the Stop Its that recorded an anti-poll tax song of a similar name. The band also included David Hill, later press spokesman for Tony Blair. and Tim Luckhurst, who later became editor of The Scotsman newspaper, and is Professor of Journalism at the University of Kent. In the late 1980s, Donegan made a number of appearances with South London football team Belair Casuals FC. He is now a golf journalist for The Guardian, having previously worked at The Scotsman. He has held a post with the former publication since 2004, although he has been at the newspaper since 1994, as a general reporter and then as the Scotland correspondent from 1997 to 2004. During the 2010 Winter Olympics, Donegan gained notoriety for his overly critical reviews of the games. Journalists believed that his harsh reviews and similar critiques coming from the British media were made as an attempt to make the games look bad as the following Olympics would be held in London. In 2012, The Guardian made a tongue-in-cheek reference to the severe criticism of the prior Games by inviting a Canadian journalist to similarly critique the Summer Olympics in London as the 'worst ever'.\n Links: a. House of Commons of the United Kingdom b. House of Commons of the United Kingdom c. St Modan's High School d. University of Glasgow", "pos": "Question: How old is the place that Lawrence Donegan was born? Passage:Donegan was born on 13 July 1961 in Stirling, and educated at St Modan's High School in Stirling and at the University of Glasgow, where his musical career began. He was the bassist in The Bluebells, whose biggest hit was \"Young at Heart\", and Lloyd Cole and the Commotions. After the latter group split, Donegan became a journalist and an author. Between these roles, he worked as the House of Commons assistant to Brian Wilson MP. Whilst in that role, he was part of a one-off band called the Stop Its that recorded an anti-poll tax song of a similar name. The band also included David Hill, later press spokesman for Tony Blair. and Tim Luckhurst, who later became editor of The Scotsman newspaper, and is Professor of Journalism at the University of Kent. In the late 1980s, Donegan made a number of appearances with South London football team Belair Casuals FC. He is now a golf journalist for The Guardian, having previously worked at The Scotsman. He has held a post with the former publication since 2004, although he has been at the newspaper since 1994, as a general reporter and then as the Scotland correspondent from 1997 to 2004. During the 2010 Winter Olympics, Donegan gained notoriety for his overly critical reviews of the games. Journalists believed that his harsh reviews and similar critiques coming from the British media were made as an attempt to make the games look bad as the following Olympics would be held in London. In 2012, The Guardian made a tongue-in-cheek reference to the severe criticism of the prior Games by inviting a Canadian journalist to similarly critique the Summer Olympics in London as the 'worst ever'.\n Links: a. 2010 Winter Olympics b. 2012 Summer Olympics c. Stirling d. University of Glasgow", "neg": "Question: What city is the school in that educated Donegan? Passage:Donegan was born on 13 July 1961 in Stirling, and educated at St Modan's High School in Stirling and at the University of Glasgow, where his musical career began. He was the bassist in The Bluebells, whose biggest hit was \"Young at Heart\", and Lloyd Cole and the Commotions. After the latter group split, Donegan became a journalist and an author. Between these roles, he worked as the House of Commons assistant to Brian Wilson MP. Whilst in that role, he was part of a one-off band called the Stop Its that recorded an anti-poll tax song of a similar name. The band also included David Hill, later press spokesman for Tony Blair. and Tim Luckhurst, who later became editor of The Scotsman newspaper, and is Professor of Journalism at the University of Kent. In the late 1980s, Donegan made a number of appearances with South London football team Belair Casuals FC. He is now a golf journalist for The Guardian, having previously worked at The Scotsman. He has held a post with the former publication since 2004, although he has been at the newspaper since 1994, as a general reporter and then as the Scotland correspondent from 1997 to 2004. During the 2010 Winter Olympics, Donegan gained notoriety for his overly critical reviews of the games. Journalists believed that his harsh reviews and similar critiques coming from the British media were made as an attempt to make the games look bad as the following Olympics would be held in London. In 2012, The Guardian made a tongue-in-cheek reference to the severe criticism of the prior Games by inviting a Canadian journalist to similarly critique the Summer Olympics in London as the 'worst ever'.\n Links: a. Lloyd Cole and the Commotions b. St Modan's High School c. St Modan's High School d. St Modan's High School", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}230{"query": "Question: What year did the film school that Loevy attended change its name? Passage:Upon completing his military service, Loevy majored in Economics and Political Science at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. At the same time, he dabbled in theater by participating in student productions, and worked at the national Voice of Israel radio station as a program editor, actor, producer, director, and skit-writer.. In 1967, upon completing his degree, he traveled to London to attend the London Film School (then known as the London School of Film Technique). Loevy's stay in London was cut short by the Six-Day War. Loevy returned to Israel to serve in the army. Soon after the war, he returned to London to continue his studies and worked as an assistant director at Elstree Studios for the British espionage/science fiction adventure series The Champions. At the same time, he was also an announcer for the BBC's Hebrew-language department.\n Links: a. Kol Yisrael b. Science fiction c. London Film School d. Espionage", "pos": "Question: In what year was the group that Laskov joined as a teenager formed? Passage:Laskov joined the Haganah as a teenager, and served in various units, including Orde Wingate's Special Night Squads. He also served as a personal messenger for Yaakov Dori, who would later become the first Chief of Staff. In 1940, Laskov joined the British Army so that he could participate in World War II. He served in various capacities, and was a commander of the Jewish Brigade which saw action on the Italian front, eventually reaching the rank of major. After the war, he remained in Europe to participate in the Aliyah Bet illegal immigration effort to bring refugee Jews to Palestine. He also took part in various illicit acts of vengeance against the Nazis and their collaborators. Upon eventually returning to Palestine, he rejoined the Haganah, while also working as chief of security for the electric company.\n Links: a. Refugee b. Refugee c. Haganah d. Major (United Kingdom)", "neg": "Question: What year was Loevy's stay in London cut short? Passage:Upon completing his military service, Loevy majored in Economics and Political Science at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. At the same time, he dabbled in theater by participating in student productions, and worked at the national Voice of Israel radio station as a program editor, actor, producer, director, and skit-writer.. In 1967, upon completing his degree, he traveled to London to attend the London Film School (then known as the London School of Film Technique). Loevy's stay in London was cut short by the Six-Day War. Loevy returned to Israel to serve in the army. Soon after the war, he returned to London to continue his studies and worked as an assistant director at Elstree Studios for the British espionage/science fiction adventure series The Champions. At the same time, he was also an announcer for the BBC's Hebrew-language department.\n Links: a. Six-Day War b. The Champions c. Hebrew University of Jerusalem d. Science fiction", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}231{"query": "Question: What was Corey Seager's salary the year Culberson was signed to the Dodgers? Passage:Culberson was signed by the Dodgers in November 2015 and invited to spring training, where he impressed new Dodgers manager Dave Roberts. After an injury to Howie Kendrick opened a spot for him, Culberson made the Dodgers 2016 Opening Day roster. He was designated for assignment in July and optioned to the Oklahoma City Dodgers, then recalled a month later. Culberson ended the big club's final home game of the season with a walk-off home run against former Rockies teammate Boone Logan, clinching the Dodgers' fourth consecutive National League West division title. He played in 34 games for Los Angeles, hitting .284 and in 70 games for Oklahoma City, hitting .260. He had no hits in seven at-bats with two strikeouts in the 2016 National League Division Series. He was outrighted to the minors and removed from the 40-man roster on December 9, 2016. He was assigned to Oklahoma City to begin the season. He remained in the minors for the conclusion of the AAA season, hitting .250 in 108 games and returned to the majors with the Dodgers on September 4. In 15 games for the Dodgers, he hit .154 with two hits in 13 at-bats. When starting shortstop Corey Seager was left off of the 2017 NLCS roster because of a back injury, Culberson was added to the post-season roster. He appeared in all five games of the series, with five hits in 11 at-bats for a .455 average. In the 2017 World Series, Culberson had three hits in five at-bats, including his first career post-season home run, which he hit off Chris Devenski of the Houston Astros in the 11th inning of Game Two.\n Links: a. Dave Roberts (outfielder) b. Oklahoma City Dodgers c. Corey Seager d. Chris Devenski", "pos": "Question: The player that replaced Hacker of the 40-man roster of the twins had how many wins in his big league career? Passage:On November 9, 2010, Hacker signed with the Minnesota Twins. He attended spring training but was sent to the minors after posting a 13.50 ERA in five games. He was called up to Minnesota on April 19 to replace Alex Burnett (who was optioned) in the bullpen; Twins manager Ron Gardenhire said, \"We need a long guy [in the bullpen].\" He made his Twins' debut that day, throwing two scoreless innings in an 11–0 loss to the Baltimore Orioles. In his next game on April 27, he gave up one unearned run in innings but allowed three inherited runners to score in an 8–2 loss to the Tampa Bay Rays. After the game, Hacker was optioned back to Triple-A Rochester to make room on the roster for Anthony Swarzak. On July 17, he was outrighted off the 40-man roster to make room for Scott Diamond. With the Rochester Red Wings of the International League, Hacker had a 7–14 record, a 6.10 ERA, 98 strikeouts, 50 walks, and innings pitched in 26 games (25 starts). He tied with Diamond for the league lead in losses, ranked sixth in the league in walks, led the league in runs allowed (103), and ranked third in the league in earned runs allowed (92, behind Thad Weber's 95 and Corey Kluber's 93). On October 4, he became a free agent.\n Links: a. Baltimore Orioles b. Tampa Bay Rays c. Scott Diamond d. Tampa Bay Rays", "neg": "Question: How old was Dave Roberts the year Culberson was signed to the Dodgers? Passage:Culberson was signed by the Dodgers in November 2015 and invited to spring training, where he impressed new Dodgers manager Dave Roberts. After an injury to Howie Kendrick opened a spot for him, Culberson made the Dodgers 2016 Opening Day roster. He was designated for assignment in July and optioned to the Oklahoma City Dodgers, then recalled a month later. Culberson ended the big club's final home game of the season with a walk-off home run against former Rockies teammate Boone Logan, clinching the Dodgers' fourth consecutive National League West division title. He played in 34 games for Los Angeles, hitting .284 and in 70 games for Oklahoma City, hitting .260. He had no hits in seven at-bats with two strikeouts in the 2016 National League Division Series. He was outrighted to the minors and removed from the 40-man roster on December 9, 2016. He was assigned to Oklahoma City to begin the season. He remained in the minors for the conclusion of the AAA season, hitting .250 in 108 games and returned to the majors with the Dodgers on September 4. In 15 games for the Dodgers, he hit .154 with two hits in 13 at-bats. When starting shortstop Corey Seager was left off of the 2017 NLCS roster because of a back injury, Culberson was added to the post-season roster. He appeared in all five games of the series, with five hits in 11 at-bats for a .455 average. In the 2017 World Series, Culberson had three hits in five at-bats, including his first career post-season home run, which he hit off Chris Devenski of the Houston Astros in the 11th inning of Game Two.\n Links: a. 2017 World Series b. Dave Roberts (outfielder) c. National League West d. Opening Day", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}232{"query": "Question: What other schools were members of the conference in which Kansas State competed in basketball in 2009-10? Passage:The 2009–10 Kansas State Wildcats men's basketball team represented Kansas State University in the 2009–10 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The head coach was Frank Martin, who served his 3rd year at the helm of the Wildcats. The team played its home games in Bramlage Coliseum in Manhattan, Kansas. Kansas State is a member of the Big 12 Conference. The Wildcats began conference play with a trip to Columbia, Missouri and faced the Missouri Tigers and finished the year with a home game against the Iowa State Cyclones. They finished the season 29–8 and ranked #7 in the AP Poll and the ESPN/USA Today Coaches' Poll. They lost to the rival Kansas Jayhawks in the finals of the Big 12 Tournament, 72–64.\n Links: a. Big 12 Conference b. AP Poll c. Coaches Poll d. Big 12 Conference", "pos": "Question: Which state was the #8 seed school in the 2011 NCAA tournament from? Passage:The 2011 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament was the first time since the tournament expanded to 64 teams in 1985 that two mid-majors met in the Final Four. The Butler University Bulldogs returned for their second consecutive appearance after winning the Southeast Regional in New Orleans as a #8 seed. The Virginia Commonwealth University Rams of the Colonial Athletic Association advanced to their first Final Four appearance after winning the Southwest Regional in San Antonio as a #11 seed. VCU became the first team in history to win five games to reach the Final Four, winning the First Four round in its inaugural year. VCU tied LSU in 1986 and fellow CAA team, George Mason, in 2006 as the highest seed to reach the Final Four (#11). The previous time two mid-majors advanced to the same Final Four was the 1979 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament, when Indiana State of the Missouri Valley and Penn of the Ivy League qualified. Butler is no longer a mid-major due to its membership in the Big East since 2013. VCU has since joined the Atlantic 10, where it has consistently been among the top teams, even following the departure of coach Shaka Smart for Texas in 2015, and his successor, Will Wade, for LSU in 2017. \n Links: a. Butler University b. LSU Tigers basketball c. 2011 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament d. Penn Quakers men's basketball", "neg": "Question: What city is the school in that beat Kansas in the 2011 NCAA tournament? Passage:The 2010–11 Kansas Jayhawks men's basketball team represented the University of Kansas in the 2010–11 NCAA Division I men's basketball season, which was the Jayhawks' 113th basketball season. The head coach was Bill Self, who was serving his 8th year. The team played its home games in Allen Fieldhouse in Lawrence, Kansas and are members of the Big 12 Conference. They finished the season 35–3, 14–2 in Big 12 play to claim the regular season conference title. They were also champions of the 2011 Big 12 Men's Basketball Tournament. They earned a #1 seed in the Southwest Region in the 2011 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament where they defeated Boston University in the second round and Illinois in the third round to advance to the Sweet Sixteen. They defeated Richmond to advance to the Elite Eight where they were upset by Virginia Commonwealth.\n Links: a. 2010–11 NCAA Division I men's basketball season b. Kansas c. 2010–11 VCU Rams men's basketball team d. Big 12 Conference", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}233{"query": "Question: Of the two historians who have appear to have noted that Pilate ordered the crucifixion of Jesus, which was the first to have been born? Passage:Although Pilate is the best-attested governor of Judaea, few sources on his rule have survived. He appears to have belonged to the well-attested Pontii family, but nothing is known for certain about his life before he became governor of Judaea, nor of the circumstances that led to his appointment to the governorship. A single inscription from Pilate's governorship has survived, the so-called Pilate stone, as have coins that he minted. The Jewish historian Josephus and philosopher Philo of Alexandria both mention incidents of tension and violence between the Jewish population and Pilate's administration. Many of these involve Pilate acting in ways that offended the religious sensibilities of the Jews. The Christian Gospels record that Pilate ordered the crucifixion of Jesus at some point during his time in office; Josephus and the Roman historian Tacitus also appear to have recorded this information. According to Josephus, Pilate's removal from office occurred because he violently suppressed an armed Samaritan movement at Mount Gerizim. He was sent back to Rome by the legate of Syria to answer for this before Tiberius, who, however, had died before he arrived. Nothing is known for certain about what happened to him after this. On the basis of a mention in the second-century pagan philosopher Celsus and Christian apologist Origen, most modern historians believe that Pilate simply retired after his dismissal. Modern historians have differing assessments of Pilate as an effective ruler; while some believe he was a particularly brutal and ineffective governor, others argue that his long time in office means he must have been reasonably competent. According to one prominent post-war theory, Pilate was motivated by antisemitism in his treatment of the Jews, but this theory has been mostly abandoned.\n Links: a. Philo b. Origen c. Antisemitism d. Tacitus", "pos": "Question: In what modern-day country is the mountain where Pilate violently suppressed an armed Samaritan movement? Passage:Although Pilate is the best-attested governor of Judaea, few sources on his rule have survived. He appears to have belonged to the well-attested Pontii family, but nothing is known for certain about his life before he became governor of Judaea, nor of the circumstances that led to his appointment to the governorship. A single inscription from Pilate's governorship has survived, the so-called Pilate stone, as have coins that he minted. The Jewish historian Josephus and philosopher Philo of Alexandria both mention incidents of tension and violence between the Jewish population and Pilate's administration. Many of these involve Pilate acting in ways that offended the religious sensibilities of the Jews. The Christian Gospels record that Pilate ordered the crucifixion of Jesus at some point during his time in office; Josephus and the Roman historian Tacitus also appear to have recorded this information. According to Josephus, Pilate's removal from office occurred because he violently suppressed an armed Samaritan movement at Mount Gerizim. He was sent back to Rome by the legate of Syria to answer for this before Tiberius, who, however, had died before he arrived. Nothing is known for certain about what happened to him after this. On the basis of a mention in the second-century pagan philosopher Celsus and Christian apologist Origen, most modern historians believe that Pilate simply retired after his dismissal. Modern historians have differing assessments of Pilate as an effective ruler; while some believe he was a particularly brutal and ineffective governor, others argue that his long time in office means he must have been reasonably competent. According to one prominent post-war theory, Pilate was motivated by antisemitism in his treatment of the Jews, but this theory has been mostly abandoned.\n Links: a. Celsus b. Antisemitism c. Origen d. Mount Gerizim", "neg": "Question: What was the name of father of the historian who said Constantine was ranked sebastos? Passage:A member of the Aspietes family, of noble Armenian origin, Constantine was probably a close relative of his contemporary Michael Aspietes, a distinguished general killed in 1176. Like his relative, Constantine too had earned distinction during Manuel I Komnenos' campaign against the Hungarians in 1167. The historian John Kinnamos records that he held the rank of sebastos. He is next recorded as being active in 1190/1, during the Byzantine efforts to suppress the Bulgarian–Vlach rebellion of the brothers Peter and Ivan Asen. The historian Niketas Choniates records that, in an effort to sustain the troops and bolster their morale, Aspietes decided to distribute to them their delayed annual salaries. This act, however, enraged Emperor Isaac II Angelos, who saw in it almost an attempt to bribe the army to support Aspietes in overthrowing him. The emperor had Aspietes arrested and blinded, after which nothing further is known of him. He possibly died in the early years of the 13th century.\n Links: a. John Kinnamos b. Armenians c. Uprising of Asen and Peter d. Political mutilation in Byzantine culture", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}234{"query": "Question: How many Academy Awards had been given out in total by the year The Living Desert was released? Passage:Before 1953, Walt Disney's productions were distributed by Winkler Pictures, Powers Pictures, Universal Pictures (Oswald the Lucky Rabbit shorts), Columbia Pictures (1930–1932), United Artists (1932–1937) and RKO Radio Pictures (1937–1953). However, a dispute over the distribution of Disney's first full-length movie, The Living Desert, in the True-Life Adventures series of live-action documentary featurettes in 1953 led to Walt and his older brother Roy O. Disney to form its wholly owned subsidiary, the Buena Vista Film Distribution Company, Inc. (BVDC), to handle North American distribution of their own products. RKO refused to distribute the film. The name \"Buena Vista\" came from the street in Burbank, California, where the Disney Studios was located (and remains to this day). Buena Vista's first release was the Academy Award–winning live-action feature The Living Desert on November 10, 1953, along with Toot, Whistle, Plunk and Boom, Buena Vista's first animated release. Notable subsequent releases include the foreign film, Princess Yang Kwei-Fei (Most Noble Lady), released in US theaters in September 1956, The Missouri Traveler in March 1958, and The Big Fisherman in July 1959 (the first third-party production financed by Disney).\n Links: a. True-Life Adventures b. Oswald the Lucky Rabbit c. Academy Awards d. Princess Yang Kwei Fei", "pos": "Question: How many different awards categories were presented at the event where The Last Detail was nominated for Palme d'Or? Passage:The Last Detail was nominated for the Palme d'Or at the 1974 Cannes Film Festival and Nicholson was awarded Best Actor. It was also nominated for three Academy Awards – Jack Nicholson for Best Actor in a Leading Role, Randy Quaid for Best Actor in a Supporting Role, and Robert Towne for Best Writing, Screenplay Based on Material from Another Medium with none of them winning. In addition, The Last Detail was nominated for two Golden Globes Awards – Nicholson for Best Motion Picture Actor – Drama and Quaid for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture. Nicholson did win a BAFTA award for his role in the film. Nicholson won the Best Actor awards from the National Society of Film Critics and the New York Film Critics Circle. However, he was disappointed that he failed to win an Oscar for his performance. \"I like the idea of winning at Cannes with The Last Detail, but not getting our own Academy Award hurt real bad. I did it in that movie, that was my best role\".\n Links: a. Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture b. Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture c. 1974 Cannes Film Festival d. Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay", "neg": "Question: Which production company had released more films by the year The Living Desert was released? Passage:Before 1953, Walt Disney's productions were distributed by Winkler Pictures, Powers Pictures, Universal Pictures (Oswald the Lucky Rabbit shorts), Columbia Pictures (1930–1932), United Artists (1932–1937) and RKO Radio Pictures (1937–1953). However, a dispute over the distribution of Disney's first full-length movie, The Living Desert, in the True-Life Adventures series of live-action documentary featurettes in 1953 led to Walt and his older brother Roy O. Disney to form its wholly owned subsidiary, the Buena Vista Film Distribution Company, Inc. (BVDC), to handle North American distribution of their own products. RKO refused to distribute the film. The name \"Buena Vista\" came from the street in Burbank, California, where the Disney Studios was located (and remains to this day). Buena Vista's first release was the Academy Award–winning live-action feature The Living Desert on November 10, 1953, along with Toot, Whistle, Plunk and Boom, Buena Vista's first animated release. Notable subsequent releases include the foreign film, Princess Yang Kwei-Fei (Most Noble Lady), released in US theaters in September 1956, The Missouri Traveler in March 1958, and The Big Fisherman in July 1959 (the first third-party production financed by Disney).\n Links: a. Universal Pictures b. Oswald the Lucky Rabbit c. The Big Fisherman d. Academy Awards", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}235{"query": "Question: When die the person who was the  the head of the British Special Operations Executive mission in Greece in 1943 first achieve his position? Passage:In June 1943, the head of the British Special Operations Executive mission in Greece, Brigadier Eddie Myers, conceived the Agreement of National Groups. Under the terms of the agreement, ELAS and the right-wing EDES and EKKA, united under a common general staff consisting of Myers and the leaders of the units, while also accepting the seniority of the British Middle East Command (General Henry Maitland Wilson). The accord was to pave the way for Operation Animals, part of Operation Barclay, a plan to deceive the Axis powers into believing that the Allied invasion of southern Europe would be in Greece and not Sicily. In late 1942, with on-going Allied success in the North African Campaign, the thoughts of the military planners turned to the next target. British planners considered that an invasion of France from Britain could not take place until 1944, and the Prime Minister, Winston Churchill, wanted to use the Allied forces from North Africa to attack Europe's \"soft underbelly\". There were two possible targets for the Allies to attack. The first option was Sicily; control of the island would open the Mediterranean Sea to Allied shipping and allow the invasion of continental Europe through Italy. The second option was into Greece and the Balkans, to trap the German forces present between the British and American invaders and the Soviets. At the Casablanca Conference in January 1943 Allied planners agreed on the selection of Sicily – codenamed Operation Husky – and decided to undertake the invasion no later than July that year. There was concern among the Allied planners that Sicily was an obvious choice – Churchill is reputed to have said \"Everyone but a bloody fool would know that it's Sicily\" – and that the build-up of resources for the invasion would be detected.\n Links: a. Eddie Myers b. Eddie Myers c. Casablanca Conference d. Winston Churchill", "pos": "Question: Who succeeded Winston Churchill in the position he held in 1944? Passage:In June 1943, the head of the British Special Operations Executive mission in Greece, Brigadier Eddie Myers, conceived the Agreement of National Groups. Under the terms of the agreement, ELAS and the right-wing EDES and EKKA, united under a common general staff consisting of Myers and the leaders of the units, while also accepting the seniority of the British Middle East Command (General Henry Maitland Wilson). The accord was to pave the way for Operation Animals, part of Operation Barclay, a plan to deceive the Axis powers into believing that the Allied invasion of southern Europe would be in Greece and not Sicily. In late 1942, with on-going Allied success in the North African Campaign, the thoughts of the military planners turned to the next target. British planners considered that an invasion of France from Britain could not take place until 1944, and the Prime Minister, Winston Churchill, wanted to use the Allied forces from North Africa to attack Europe's \"soft underbelly\". There were two possible targets for the Allies to attack. The first option was Sicily; control of the island would open the Mediterranean Sea to Allied shipping and allow the invasion of continental Europe through Italy. The second option was into Greece and the Balkans, to trap the German forces present between the British and American invaders and the Soviets. At the Casablanca Conference in January 1943 Allied planners agreed on the selection of Sicily – codenamed Operation Husky – and decided to undertake the invasion no later than July that year. There was concern among the Allied planners that Sicily was an obvious choice – Churchill is reputed to have said \"Everyone but a bloody fool would know that it's Sicily\" – and that the build-up of resources for the invasion would be detected.\n Links: a. Prime Minister of the United Kingdom b. Operation Barclay c. Winston Churchill d. Allied invasion of Sicily", "neg": "Question: What was operation Dragoon? Passage:The Sixth Army Group was originally created in Corsica, France (specifically activated on 29 July 1944) as \"Advanced Allied Force HQ\", a special headquarters within AFHQ (the headquarters of Henry Maitland Wilson, the Supreme Commander Mediterranean Theatre) commanded by Lieutenant General Jacob L. Devers. Its initial role was to supervise the planning of the combined French and American forces which invaded southern France in Operation Dragoon and provide liaison between these forces and AFHQ. Dragoon was the operational responsibility of the Seventh United States Army commanded by Lt. Gen. Alexander Patch. Available to Patch were three corps (US VI Corps and French I and II Corps) and 24,000 Maquis of the Forces Francaises de l'Interieur. The two French corps constituted French Army B commanded by Général Jean de Lattre de Tassigny which was later renamed French First Army. Although Sixth Army Group Headquarters was officially activated on 1 August, it consisted of only the personnel of the Advanced Detachment AFHQ and, for reasons of security, retained the detachment title. The Advanced Detachment headquarters on Corsica had no command or operational duties and functioned primarily as a liaison and coordinating agency while preparing itself for the day it would become operational in France as Sixth Army Group headquarters.\n Links: a. 1st Army (France) b. Henry Maitland Wilson c. Operation Dragoon d. Alexander Patch", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}236{"query": "Question: How long did Mwambutsa IV rule? Passage:In 1962, the Belgian mandate of Ruanda-Urundi received independence, creating the Republic of Rwanda and the Kingdom of Burundi. Both states had traditionally had monarchies dominated by the Tutsi ethnic group over a Hutu ethnic majority but Rwanda's monarchy was abolished by a political revolution in 1959-61. In the first years of independence, Burundi seemed to have achieved a balance between ethnic groups which brought members of the different ethnic groups into government, moderated in part by the mwami (king) Mwambutsa IV who was popular with all groups but was himself Tutsi. Both Tutsi, Hutu and Ganwa were part of the dominant political party, the Union for National Progress (Union pour le Progrès national, UPRONA). In October 1961, shortly before the date scheduled for independence, the Burundian Prime Minister Prince Louis Rwagasore was assassinated, raising ethnic tensions in the country. After a period of rule by Tutsi prime ministers, Mwambutsa appointed Burundi's first Hutu leader, Pierre Ngendandumwe, but Ngendandumwe was assassinated in January 1965 by a Rwandan Tutsi. Elections held in May 1965 took place in an atmosphere of strong ethnic tension. Hutu candidates gained a majority, but Mwambutsa deposed the Hutu Prime Minister Joseph Bamina and instead installed a Tutsi candidate, Léopold Biha, in October 1965.\n Links: a. Mwami b. Mwami c. 1965 Burundian legislative election d. Louis Rwagasore", "pos": "Question: For many years did the revolution last that was followed by the the Mongols declaring independence? Passage:The Bogd Khanate of Mongolia was the government of Mongolia (Outer Mongolia) between 1911 and 1919 and again from 1921 to 1924. By the spring of 1911, some prominent Mongolian nobles including Prince Tögs-Ochiryn Namnansüren persuaded the Jebstundamba Khutukhtu to convene a meeting of nobles and ecclesiastical officials to discuss independence from the Manchu-led Qing China. On November 30, 1911 the Mongols established the Temporary Government of Khalkha. On December 29, 1911 the Mongols declared their independence from the collapsing Qing Empire following the Xinhai Revolution. They installed as theocratic sovereign the 8th Bogd Gegeen, highest authority of Tibetan Buddhism in Mongolia, who took the title Bogd Khaan or \"Holy Ruler\". The Bogd Khaan was last khagan of Mongolia. This ushered in the period of \"Theocratic Mongolia\", also known as the Bogd Khanate.\n Links: a. Xinhai Revolution b. Bogd Khan c. Jebtsundamba Khutuktu d. Xinhai Revolution", "neg": "Question: Was Biha ever assassinated? Passage:In 1962, the Belgian mandate of Ruanda-Urundi received independence, creating the Republic of Rwanda and the Kingdom of Burundi. Both states had traditionally had monarchies dominated by the Tutsi ethnic group over a Hutu ethnic majority but Rwanda's monarchy was abolished by a political revolution in 1959-61. In the first years of independence, Burundi seemed to have achieved a balance between ethnic groups which brought members of the different ethnic groups into government, moderated in part by the mwami (king) Mwambutsa IV who was popular with all groups but was himself Tutsi. Both Tutsi, Hutu and Ganwa were part of the dominant political party, the Union for National Progress (Union pour le Progrès national, UPRONA). In October 1961, shortly before the date scheduled for independence, the Burundian Prime Minister Prince Louis Rwagasore was assassinated, raising ethnic tensions in the country. After a period of rule by Tutsi prime ministers, Mwambutsa appointed Burundi's first Hutu leader, Pierre Ngendandumwe, but Ngendandumwe was assassinated in January 1965 by a Rwandan Tutsi. Elections held in May 1965 took place in an atmosphere of strong ethnic tension. Hutu candidates gained a majority, but Mwambutsa deposed the Hutu Prime Minister Joseph Bamina and instead installed a Tutsi candidate, Léopold Biha, in October 1965.\n Links: a. Rwandan Revolution b. Léopold Biha c. Rwanda d. Mwambutsa IV of Burundi", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}237{"query": "Question: How old was the person who Clayburgh played in hy Father and Mother: The True Story of the Menendez Murders when she was murdered? Passage:Gradually Clayburgh shifted into being more of a supporting character actress in the 90s, taking on roles as diverse as an antagonistic judge in Trial: The Price of Passion (1992) and the interfering wife of Alan Alda's character in Whispers in the Dark (1992). After appearing in Ben Gazzara's Beyond the Ocean (1990), which was shot in Bali, and the unreleased Pretty Hattie's Baby (1991), she became typecast as an attractive maternal figure: she was the long-missing matriarch in Rich in Love (1992), a wheelchair-bound mom in Firestorm: 72 Hours in Oakland (1993) and Eric Stoltz's single mother in Naked in New York (1993). A review in People magazine felt Clayburgh \"[did] her best as the footloose mother\" in Rich in Love, while Roger Ebert praised her casting in Naked in New York as \"exactly on target\". She also played Kitty Menendez who was murdered by her sons in Honor Thy Father and Mother: The True Story of the Menendez Murders (1993), a role which Variety perceived to be \"incomplete, but that has more to do with the script than Clayburgh’s performance.\" She continued to play concerned, protective mothers in For the Love of Nancy (1994), The Face on the Milk Carton (1995), Going All the Way (1997), Fools Rush In (1997), When Innocence Is Lost (1997) and Sins of the Mind (1997), and was in \"good form\" as the forceful, pushy stage mother in Crowned and Dangerous (1997).\n Links: a. Rich in Love b. Ben Gazzara c. Whispers in the Dark (film) d. Lyle and Erik Menendez", "pos": "Question: How many movies were directed byt the director of Beyond the Ocean? Passage:Gradually Clayburgh shifted into being more of a supporting character actress in the 90s, taking on roles as diverse as an antagonistic judge in Trial: The Price of Passion (1992) and the interfering wife of Alan Alda's character in Whispers in the Dark (1992). After appearing in Ben Gazzara's Beyond the Ocean (1990), which was shot in Bali, and the unreleased Pretty Hattie's Baby (1991), she became typecast as an attractive maternal figure: she was the long-missing matriarch in Rich in Love (1992), a wheelchair-bound mom in Firestorm: 72 Hours in Oakland (1993) and Eric Stoltz's single mother in Naked in New York (1993). A review in People magazine felt Clayburgh \"[did] her best as the footloose mother\" in Rich in Love, while Roger Ebert praised her casting in Naked in New York as \"exactly on target\". She also played Kitty Menendez who was murdered by her sons in Honor Thy Father and Mother: The True Story of the Menendez Murders (1993), a role which Variety perceived to be \"incomplete, but that has more to do with the script than Clayburgh’s performance.\" She continued to play concerned, protective mothers in For the Love of Nancy (1994), The Face on the Milk Carton (1995), Going All the Way (1997), Fools Rush In (1997), When Innocence Is Lost (1997) and Sins of the Mind (1997), and was in \"good form\" as the forceful, pushy stage mother in Crowned and Dangerous (1997).\n Links: a. Eric Stoltz b. Whispers in the Dark (film) c. Typecasting (acting) d. Ben Gazzara", "neg": "Question: What was the first film for the actor who Clayburgh played the interfering wife of  in 1992?  Passage:Gradually Clayburgh shifted into being more of a supporting character actress in the 90s, taking on roles as diverse as an antagonistic judge in Trial: The Price of Passion (1992) and the interfering wife of Alan Alda's character in Whispers in the Dark (1992). After appearing in Ben Gazzara's Beyond the Ocean (1990), which was shot in Bali, and the unreleased Pretty Hattie's Baby (1991), she became typecast as an attractive maternal figure: she was the long-missing matriarch in Rich in Love (1992), a wheelchair-bound mom in Firestorm: 72 Hours in Oakland (1993) and Eric Stoltz's single mother in Naked in New York (1993). A review in People magazine felt Clayburgh \"[did] her best as the footloose mother\" in Rich in Love, while Roger Ebert praised her casting in Naked in New York as \"exactly on target\". She also played Kitty Menendez who was murdered by her sons in Honor Thy Father and Mother: The True Story of the Menendez Murders (1993), a role which Variety perceived to be \"incomplete, but that has more to do with the script than Clayburgh’s performance.\" She continued to play concerned, protective mothers in For the Love of Nancy (1994), The Face on the Milk Carton (1995), Going All the Way (1997), Fools Rush In (1997), When Innocence Is Lost (1997) and Sins of the Mind (1997), and was in \"good form\" as the forceful, pushy stage mother in Crowned and Dangerous (1997).\n Links: a. Alan Alda b. Alan Alda c. Alan Alda d. People (magazine)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}238{"query": "Question: What year did that freshman who led the Sooners' offense first attend the school? Passage:However, before the season began, Gresham suffered a season-ending injury. During the season opener against BYU, Bradford suffered an injury to his shoulder that forced him to sit out the next several games. The Sooners would go on to lose that game and their fourth game against Miami. Bradford returned for game number five against Baylor, but reinjured his shoulder the next week against Texas, ending his season and giving the Sooners their third loss of the season. The Sooners would continue to suffer many injuries throughout the remainder of the season including losing offensive linemen Jarvis Jones and Brody Eldridge, and defensive players Tom Wort, DeMarcus Granger and Auston English for the season. With freshman Landry Jones now leading the offense, the Sooners would go on win every home game from that point forward, including a season-ending win over in-state rival Oklahoma State, extending their NCAA-leading home winning streak to 30 games. However, the Sooners would also lose all but one of their away games. Oklahoma ended the regular season with seven wins and five losses (5–3 in the Big 12). The game marked Oklahoma's third appearance in the Sun Bowl. They were a perfect 2-0 in their previous games. In 1981, they defeated Houston 40–14, and in 1993, they defeated Texas Tech 41–10.\n Links: a. Landry Jones b. 2009 BYU Cougars football team c. Landry Jones d. Landry Jones", "pos": "Question: Which university's football team that Bradford played against after his return had a better 2009 season record? Passage:However, before the season began, Gresham suffered a season-ending injury. During the season opener against BYU, Bradford suffered an injury to his shoulder that forced him to sit out the next several games. The Sooners would go on to lose that game and their fourth game against Miami. Bradford returned for game number five against Baylor, but reinjured his shoulder the next week against Texas, ending his season and giving the Sooners their third loss of the season. The Sooners would continue to suffer many injuries throughout the remainder of the season including losing offensive linemen Jarvis Jones and Brody Eldridge, and defensive players Tom Wort, DeMarcus Granger and Auston English for the season. With freshman Landry Jones now leading the offense, the Sooners would go on win every home game from that point forward, including a season-ending win over in-state rival Oklahoma State, extending their NCAA-leading home winning streak to 30 games. However, the Sooners would also lose all but one of their away games. Oklahoma ended the regular season with seven wins and five losses (5–3 in the Big 12). The game marked Oklahoma's third appearance in the Sun Bowl. They were a perfect 2-0 in their previous games. In 1981, they defeated Houston 40–14, and in 1993, they defeated Texas Tech 41–10.\n Links: a. 2009 Baylor Bears football team b. 2009 Texas Longhorns football team c. 2009 Oklahoma State Cowboys football team d. 1993 Texas Tech Red Raiders football team", "neg": "Question: Who was the head coach for the team that the Sooners played against in their season opener? Passage:However, before the season began, Gresham suffered a season-ending injury. During the season opener against BYU, Bradford suffered an injury to his shoulder that forced him to sit out the next several games. The Sooners would go on to lose that game and their fourth game against Miami. Bradford returned for game number five against Baylor, but reinjured his shoulder the next week against Texas, ending his season and giving the Sooners their third loss of the season. The Sooners would continue to suffer many injuries throughout the remainder of the season including losing offensive linemen Jarvis Jones and Brody Eldridge, and defensive players Tom Wort, DeMarcus Granger and Auston English for the season. With freshman Landry Jones now leading the offense, the Sooners would go on win every home game from that point forward, including a season-ending win over in-state rival Oklahoma State, extending their NCAA-leading home winning streak to 30 games. However, the Sooners would also lose all but one of their away games. Oklahoma ended the regular season with seven wins and five losses (5–3 in the Big 12). The game marked Oklahoma's third appearance in the Sun Bowl. They were a perfect 2-0 in their previous games. In 1981, they defeated Houston 40–14, and in 1993, they defeated Texas Tech 41–10.\n Links: a. 2009 Texas Longhorns football team b. 2009 BYU Cougars football team c. Landry Jones d. 2009 Miami Hurricanes football team", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}239{"query": "Question: How many episdoes had Monica Quartermaine been on General Hospital before Case's character was introduced? Passage:In November 1989, Case scored her first television role playing Dawn Winthrop on the ABC Network soap opera General Hospital. Case wanted to \"perfect\" her audition prior to screen testing as Dawn, who served as the long-lost daughter of the long-running character Monica Quartermaine (Leslie Charleson). Speaking of the audition, Case stated: \"I practiced night and day [...] It was a heavy scene in which Dawn learned that her boyfriend Ned (Kurt Robin McKinney) had once slept with her mother! I knew I had to do the best job [possible]\". She departed General Hospital the next year, after a guest appearance on another ABC series, the comedy drama Doogie Howser, M.D.. In 1991, Case appeared in various other television series, including Diplomatic Immunity, Beverly Hills, 90210, Parker Lewis Can't Lose and Cheers. From November 1992 to 1993 Case stepped into her second soap opera role, as Debbie Simon on the CBS Network drama As the World Turns. Case has stated that she loved the role, and wanted to stay on to explore more into the character of Debbie who was a \"manic depressive\", an issue that hadn't been covered on daytime television. During this, she also appeared on the CBS crime drama Silk Stalkings as Bonnie Abagail. In 1994, a year after departing from As the World Turns, she became a regular on the primetime soap opera Valley of the Dolls, which was based on the romantic novel of the same name. In 1997, Case had a role in the HBO film Breast Men. Previously, she turned down a larger role in the film due to being uncomfortable topless on-screen. Instead, she accepted a smaller, clothed role.\n Links: a. Valley of the Dolls b. Parker Lewis Can't Lose c. List of General Hospital characters (1980s) d. Valley of the Dolls", "pos": "Question: What actor played Daniel Romalotti? Passage:Abby protested in front the lobby of Jabot Cosmetics after Tucker McCall became the company owner. Abby did not know that her mother returned to become CEO. Then, Abby planned to start her own reality television show, entitled \"The Naked Heiress\", but she didn't have the money to fund her dream. After her parents refused to help her, Abby hired Rafe Torres as her lawyer to sue her parents for her inheritance. Soon after, she began flirting with Daniel Romalotti. When Billy and Victoria Newman Abbott refused to help Abby with her reality television dream, she blackmailed Billy in order to be featured in his magazine, Restless Style. She eventually revealed Billy and Victoria's secret Jamaican marriage to their family and friends. Seemingly unstoppable, the judge then denied Abby's plea for her inheritance. Meanwhile, Abby had sex with Daniel in the Newman pool house, and she recorded it for her reality show. Abby and Daniel's relationship was outed when Nikki Newman and Daniel's mother, Phyllis Summers, saw Abby and Daniel making out in public. Their relationship continued for a while, but when Abby found out that Daniel fathered a child with Daisy Carter, she broke up with him. After she witnessed her mother kissing Tucker McCall, she asked him to go into business with her. When Tucker turned her down, Abby decided to take a bubble bath in Katherine Chancellor's pool at the annual Chancellor Fourth of July party. Abby's inheritance was then withheld indefinitely. To spite her parents, Abby rode a horse, while naked, inside the Genoa City Athletic Club while Victor and Nikki were celebrating their engagement. She was arrested and thrown in jail. Upon her release, Abby decided to reopen her lawsuit against Victor, with the help of her uncle Jack Abbott. Later, Abby's half-siblings Victoria and Nicholas Newman joined her in her lawsuit. Victor tried to bargain with his children, but they wanted his cosmetics line, Beauty of Nature. He refused their offer, and with the help of testimonies from their estranged half-brother Adam Newman and Neil Winters, they each received $500 million in the settlement.\n Links: a. Billy Abbott b. Billy Abbott c. Daniel Romalotti d. List of The Young and the Restless characters (2000s)", "neg": "Question: Which 1991 tv show did Case have the most appearances in? Passage:In November 1989, Case scored her first television role playing Dawn Winthrop on the ABC Network soap opera General Hospital. Case wanted to \"perfect\" her audition prior to screen testing as Dawn, who served as the long-lost daughter of the long-running character Monica Quartermaine (Leslie Charleson). Speaking of the audition, Case stated: \"I practiced night and day [...] It was a heavy scene in which Dawn learned that her boyfriend Ned (Kurt Robin McKinney) had once slept with her mother! I knew I had to do the best job [possible]\". She departed General Hospital the next year, after a guest appearance on another ABC series, the comedy drama Doogie Howser, M.D.. In 1991, Case appeared in various other television series, including Diplomatic Immunity, Beverly Hills, 90210, Parker Lewis Can't Lose and Cheers. From November 1992 to 1993 Case stepped into her second soap opera role, as Debbie Simon on the CBS Network drama As the World Turns. Case has stated that she loved the role, and wanted to stay on to explore more into the character of Debbie who was a \"manic depressive\", an issue that hadn't been covered on daytime television. During this, she also appeared on the CBS crime drama Silk Stalkings as Bonnie Abagail. In 1994, a year after departing from As the World Turns, she became a regular on the primetime soap opera Valley of the Dolls, which was based on the romantic novel of the same name. In 1997, Case had a role in the HBO film Breast Men. Previously, she turned down a larger role in the film due to being uncomfortable topless on-screen. Instead, she accepted a smaller, clothed role.\n Links: a. Diplomatic Immunity (1991 American film) b. American Broadcasting Company c. Cheers d. Diplomatic Immunity (1991 American film)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}240{"query": "Question: Of the two players that each won three titles, are either still playing? Passage:Before this year, the tournament was won by a home favorite on several occasions: Guy Forget in 1996, Fabrice Santoro in 1999, Arnaud Clément in 2006, and Gilles Simon in 2007. The record for most titles is three, won by the Swiss player Marc Rosset in its first two years in 1993 and 1994, as well as in 2000; the Swedish player Thomas Enqvist also won three, in 1997, 1998, and 2002. It is also one of the few ATP tournaments to have been won only by European players, with France with five (Forget, Santoro, Clément, Simon, and this year's winner Jo-Wilfried Tsonga), Sweden with 4 (Enqvist, Joachim Johansson), Switzerland with four (Rosset, Roger Federer), Germany with one (Boris Becker), Russia with one (Yevgeny Kafelnikov), Slovakia with one (Dominik Hrbatý), and Great Britain with one (Andy Murray).\n Links: a. Marc Rosset b. Yevgeny Kafelnikov c. Marc Rosset d. Guy Forget", "pos": "Question: How old was Marc Rosset when he won the first Open in 1993? Passage:Before this year, the tournament was won by a home favorite on several occasions: Guy Forget in 1996, Fabrice Santoro in 1999, Arnaud Clément in 2006, and Gilles Simon in 2007. The record for most titles is three, won by the Swiss player Marc Rosset in its first two years in 1993 and 1994, as well as in 2000; the Swedish player Thomas Enqvist also won three, in 1997, 1998, and 2002. It is also one of the few ATP tournaments to have been won only by European players, with France with five (Forget, Santoro, Clément, Simon, and this year's winner Jo-Wilfried Tsonga), Sweden with 4 (Enqvist, Joachim Johansson), Switzerland with four (Rosset, Roger Federer), Germany with one (Boris Becker), Russia with one (Yevgeny Kafelnikov), Slovakia with one (Dominik Hrbatý), and Great Britain with one (Andy Murray).\n Links: a. Marc Rosset b. Fabrice Santoro c. Marc Rosset d. Joachim Johansson", "neg": "Question: Which Open winner has won the most tournaments overall, the player from Germany or the player from Great Britain? Passage:Before this year, the tournament was won by a home favorite on several occasions: Guy Forget in 1996, Fabrice Santoro in 1999, Arnaud Clément in 2006, and Gilles Simon in 2007. The record for most titles is three, won by the Swiss player Marc Rosset in its first two years in 1993 and 1994, as well as in 2000; the Swedish player Thomas Enqvist also won three, in 1997, 1998, and 2002. It is also one of the few ATP tournaments to have been won only by European players, with France with five (Forget, Santoro, Clément, Simon, and this year's winner Jo-Wilfried Tsonga), Sweden with 4 (Enqvist, Joachim Johansson), Switzerland with four (Rosset, Roger Federer), Germany with one (Boris Becker), Russia with one (Yevgeny Kafelnikov), Slovakia with one (Dominik Hrbatý), and Great Britain with one (Andy Murray).\n Links: a. Arnaud Clément b. Boris Becker c. Joachim Johansson d. Roger Federer", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}241{"query": "Question: Which venue from the first two Grand Clam during Miskew's most successful season had the highest attendance? Passage:The 2012–13 curling season was Miskew's most successful to date on the World Curling Tour. In her first Grand Slam event of the season, the 2012 Curlers Corner Autumn Gold Curling Classic, her team lost to Sherry Middaugh in the final. In the second Grand Slam event of the season, the 2012 Manitoba Lotteries Women's Curling Classic, the Homan rink once again lost in the final, this time to Stefanie Lawton. The team lost in the semi-final of the third Slam, the 2012 Colonial Square Ladies Classic but followed it up with their first ever Grand Slam victory at the 2012 Masters of Curling where she beat Chelsea Carey in the final. Outside of the Grand Slams, Miskew and her team won the 2nd Royal LePage OVCA Women's Fall Classic. Later in the season, they qualified for her second Scotties Tournament of Hearts by going undefeated at the 2013 Ontario Scotties Tournament of Hearts. The Homan rink tore through the competition representing Ontario at the 2013 Scotties Tournament of Hearts in Kingston, Ontario. The team lost just one game, to Manitoba's Jennifer Jones. This gave the rink a 10–1 record, 2nd behind Manitoba who went undefeated. However in their first playoff game against Jones, the Homan rink made amends by defeating Jones 8–5. This put the Homan team in the final, where they faced Jones once again, and this time would beat them again, by a score of 9–6. With the win, the Homan rink becomes the first Ottawa-based team to win the Canadian women's curling championship. The win earned Miskew and her team the right to represent Canada at the 2013 World Women's Curling Championship in Riga, Latvia. At the World championships, the Homan rink led Canada to an 8–3 round robin finish, which put them in third place. In the playoffs, they beat the United States (skipped by Erika Brown) in the 3 vs. 4 game, but they then lost to Scotland (skipped by Eve Muirhead in the semi-final, after Homan missed her last shot of the game, jamming a double takeout. After the loss, Homan would go on to beat the Americans once again, this time in the bronze medal game. The Homan rink wrapped up the season by losing in the quarter final of the 2013 Players' Championship.\n Links: a. 2013 World Women's Curling Championship b. Latvia c. 2013 Scotties Tournament of Hearts d. 2012 Curlers Corner Autumn Gold Curling Classic", "pos": "Question: How much higher was the winning score of the tournament that Ariana won the all-around silver for? Passage:In 2016, Arina began her season competing at the 2016 Grand Prix Moscow taking third place in the all-around, in apparatus finals: she won gold in ribbon and silver in clubs. On March 17–20, Arina then competed at the 2016 Lisboa World Cup where she finished 5th in the all-around with a total of 70.400 points, she qualified 2 event finals taking silver in ribbon (tied with teammate Aleksandra Soldatova) and placed 4th in ball. At the 30th Thiais Grand Prix event in Paris, Arina finished 5th in the all-around and qualified 2 apparatus finals finishing 4th in clubs and ribbon. Arina finished 4th in the all-around at the 2016 Russian Championships held in Sochi. In May 6–8, Arina competed at the Brno Grand Prix where she finished 5th in the all-around behind Victoria Veinberg Filanovsky. On May 13–15, Arina won the all-around silver at the Bucharest Grand Prix with a total of 73.600 points, she qualified to all apparatus finals: taking silver in ball, bronze in clubs, ribbon and 4th in hoop. On May 27–29, Arina finished 4th in the all-around at the 2016 Sofia World Cup with a total of 73.450 points, she qualified to all apparatus finals and won bronze in hoop, clubs, placed 4th in ball, 7th in ribbon. On July 1–3, Arina competed at the 2016 Berlin World Cup however, she withdrew after the first day of qualifications because she suffered a hand injury. On September 22–24, Arina competed at the 2016 Grand Prix Final in Eilat, Israel where she won the all-around bronze medal with a total of 73.916 points, she qualified in 2 apparatus finals taking silver medals in hoop and ribbon.\n Links: a. Victoria Veinberg Filanovsky b. Paris c. 2016 FIG Rhythmic Gymnastics World Cup series d. Rhythmic Gymnastics Grand Prix", "neg": "Question: Which city hosted the first Grand Slam event during Miskew's most successful season? Passage:The 2012–13 curling season was Miskew's most successful to date on the World Curling Tour. In her first Grand Slam event of the season, the 2012 Curlers Corner Autumn Gold Curling Classic, her team lost to Sherry Middaugh in the final. In the second Grand Slam event of the season, the 2012 Manitoba Lotteries Women's Curling Classic, the Homan rink once again lost in the final, this time to Stefanie Lawton. The team lost in the semi-final of the third Slam, the 2012 Colonial Square Ladies Classic but followed it up with their first ever Grand Slam victory at the 2012 Masters of Curling where she beat Chelsea Carey in the final. Outside of the Grand Slams, Miskew and her team won the 2nd Royal LePage OVCA Women's Fall Classic. Later in the season, they qualified for her second Scotties Tournament of Hearts by going undefeated at the 2013 Ontario Scotties Tournament of Hearts. The Homan rink tore through the competition representing Ontario at the 2013 Scotties Tournament of Hearts in Kingston, Ontario. The team lost just one game, to Manitoba's Jennifer Jones. This gave the rink a 10–1 record, 2nd behind Manitoba who went undefeated. However in their first playoff game against Jones, the Homan rink made amends by defeating Jones 8–5. This put the Homan team in the final, where they faced Jones once again, and this time would beat them again, by a score of 9–6. With the win, the Homan rink becomes the first Ottawa-based team to win the Canadian women's curling championship. The win earned Miskew and her team the right to represent Canada at the 2013 World Women's Curling Championship in Riga, Latvia. At the World championships, the Homan rink led Canada to an 8–3 round robin finish, which put them in third place. In the playoffs, they beat the United States (skipped by Erika Brown) in the 3 vs. 4 game, but they then lost to Scotland (skipped by Eve Muirhead in the semi-final, after Homan missed her last shot of the game, jamming a double takeout. After the loss, Homan would go on to beat the Americans once again, this time in the bronze medal game. The Homan rink wrapped up the season by losing in the quarter final of the 2013 Players' Championship.\n Links: a. 2012 Curlers Corner Autumn Gold Curling Classic b. Jennifer Jones (curler) c. 2013 Scotties Tournament of Hearts d. 2012 Colonial Square Ladies Classic", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}242{"query": "Question: How old was Abraham Lincoln the year that Harris hosted him at his North End home? Passage:Harris was born in Smithfield, Rhode Island in 1801 and at a young age moved with his parents to Dutchess County, New York where he worked on the family farm and taught school. In 1818 he moved to Ashtabula County, Ohio, but he returned to Rhode Island in 1823 and started working with his uncles William Harris and Samuel Harris in their manufacturing businesses at Valley Falls, Rhode Island and then Albion, Rhode Island. In 1831 Edward Harris started his own small mill in Woonsocket. He eventually built several other successful larger mills in Woonsocket. Harris made large donations to many public causes in Woonsocket, including new roads for the city, the land for Woonsocket High School, the site of Oak Hill Cemetery, and the Harris Institute (a library and auditorium for speakers), which became Woonsocket Harris Public Library, and the former Harris Institute building is now Woonsocket City Hall. Harris served in the Rhode Island State Senate and House of Representatives and was a strong abolitionist and temperance supporter. In the 1840s he ran for governor as the Liberty Party candidate advocating for abolitionism. In 1859 Harris wrote a letter and sent a check to John Brown after his conviction. Harris hosted Abraham Lincoln at his North End home when Lincoln spoke at the Harris Institute in 1860. Harris was married to Rachel Farnham and then after her death to Abby Metcalf and had children in both marriages. Harris died in Woonsocket in 1871. Besides the Harris Institute (Woonsocket City Hall), several of the buildings, which Harris constructed, survive, including Harris Warehouse (1855).\n Links: a. Ashtabula County, Ohio b. Woonsocket, Rhode Island c. Temperance movement d. Abraham Lincoln", "pos": "Question: How old was Haughton when the Irish War of Independence began? Passage:Benjamin Haughton (1855–1932) was an Irish businessman from Cork city, who was an independent member of Seanad Éireann from 1922 to 1928. He was from the Cork branch of a Quaker family whose Carlow branch included social reformer James Haughton and scientist Samuel Haughton. Benjamin was head of Haughton's timber and iron merchants in Cork and a supporter of the local YMCA. During the Irish War of Independence he was involved with the Irish White Cross and among a group of liberal Southern unionists who sought conciliation with Sinn Féin in Cork in the lead-up to the 1921 truce. Upon the coming into force of the Constitution of the Irish Free State in 1922, W. T. Cosgrave as the President of the Executive Council nominated 30 of the initial 60 senators, including Haughton. These were subsequently divided by lottery into two cohorts of 15, serving terms of six and twelve years respectively, with Haughton drawing a six-year term. He lost his seat at the 1928 Seanad election. He and his wife Margaret Elizabeth Goodbody had five children.\n Links: a. President of the Executive Council of the Irish Free State b. Cork (city) c. Irish White Cross d. Irish War of Independence", "neg": "Question: How long after Henri's birthplace was established did the Civil War begin? Passage:Haskell was born in Palmyra, Maine in 1843 to Aretas Haskell and Sophia Hathorn (Haskell). He attended Bates College's Nichols Latin School/Maine Central Institute. Haskell was a great-nephew of Seth Hathorn who donated Bates' first building. After serving in the American Civil War with the first Maine Cavalry (including at Gettysburg) and being wounded, Haskell returned to his father's farm in Maine, and then moved to Marysville, California where he read law and was admitted to the bar in 1875. Eventually he moved back to Pittsfield, Maine for a period and then to Glendive, Montana where served as a district attorney. He was elected as a member of Montana Territorial House of Representatives in 1888 and served as a delegate to Montana state constitutional convention in 1889. In 1889 Haskell was elected as the first Montana state attorney general and served until 1897 as a Republican. Haskell was an active Freemason. In the election he defeated Ella Knowles Haskell, whom he later married and then divorced in 1897. Henri Haskell died in 1921.\n Links: a. Palmyra, Maine b. Ella Knowles Haskell c. Bates College d. District attorney", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}243{"query": "Question: What were Himmatisinhji's responsibilities in the position he held just before becoming Deputy Minister of Defence? Passage:After a brief period in the diplomatic service, Himmatsinhji returned to the army, seeing service in the Second World War. A war-substantive lieutenant-colonel at the war's end, he eventually reached the rank of major-general. He was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire (CIE) in the 1946 New Year Honours. He was elected to the Central Legislative Assembly, India's pre-independence lower house, in 1946, and was later a member of the Constituent Assembly, the transitional body established after independence. A member of the Indian National Congress, he was a party whip before being appointed Deputy Minister of Defence in Jawaharlal Nehru's first ministry. In this position he chaired a committee responsible for recommended improvements to India's defences along its border with what was then the Kingdom of Tibet, prior to China's invasion and eventually annexation. Upon retirement, Himmatsinhji was appointed the first lieutenant-governor of Himachal Pradesh, a newly created Part C state of India. He served in the position from 1952 to 1954, when he was succeeded by Bajrang Bahadur Singh. Himmatsinhji died in January 1973.\n Links: a. Whip (politics) b. Indian National Congress c. Bajrang Bahadur Singh d. Indian National Congress", "pos": "Question: Was Dekanozov still Vice Commissar of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the USSR when Sheng was appointed head of the Kuomintang branch? Passage:Following Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941, and the entry of the United States into World War II in December 1941, the Soviet Union became a less attractive patron for Sheng than the Kuomintang. By 1943 Sheng Shicai switched his allegiance to the Kuomintang after major Soviet defeats at the hands of the Germans in World War II, all Soviet Red Army military forces and technicians residing in the province were expelled, and the Republic of China National Revolutionary Army units and soldiers belonging to Ma Bufang moved into Xinjiang to take control of the province. Ma Bufang helped the Kuomintang build roads linking Qinghai and Xinjiang, which helped both of them bring Xinjiang under their influence. At August 1942 Sheng met Dekanozov, former Soviet ambassador to Nazi Germany and Vice Commissar of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the USSR, in Ürümqi and demanded that the Soviet Union withdraw all military forces and political officers from Xinjiang in three months and remove all Soviet equipment from the territory of Soviet Concessions, including closing the Soviet oil fields in Tushangze (Jungaria) and the Soviet Aircraft Manufacturing Plant in Ürümqi. On 29 August 1942, the day after Dekanozov left Ürümqi, Sheng met Madame Chiang Kai-shek, wife of the Chinese Generalissimo, who flew to Ürümqi with a letter from Chiang Kai-shek promising his forgiveness to Sheng for all of his previous deals. Sheng was appointed the head of the Kuomintang branch in Xinjiang in 1943 and allowed Kuomintang cadres into the province. To forge his ties with Kuomintang, on 17 September 1942 Sheng arrested a number of Chinese communists sent to Xinjiang by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in 1938 and executed them in 1943. Among the executed was Mao Zemin, brother of Mao Zedong. In the summer of 1944, following the German defeat on the Eastern Front, Sheng attempted to reassert control over Xinjiang and turned to the Soviet Union for support again. He arrested a number of Kuomintang cadres in Ürümqi and sent a letter to Stalin offering to \"incorporate Xinjiang into USSR as its 18th Soviet Socialistic Republic.\" Sheng Shicai asked Stalin for the post of ruler of the new Soviet Republic. Stalin refused to deal with Sheng and forwarded the confidential letter to Chiang Kai-shek. As a result, the Kuomintang removed him from the province in August 1944 and appointed him to a low-level post in the Ministry of Forestry in Chongqing.\n Links: a. Vladimir Dekanozov b. Kuomintang c. Kuomintang d. United States", "neg": "Question: How old was the person who replaced Himmatsinhji in 1954 when Himmatsinhji died? Passage:After a brief period in the diplomatic service, Himmatsinhji returned to the army, seeing service in the Second World War. A war-substantive lieutenant-colonel at the war's end, he eventually reached the rank of major-general. He was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire (CIE) in the 1946 New Year Honours. He was elected to the Central Legislative Assembly, India's pre-independence lower house, in 1946, and was later a member of the Constituent Assembly, the transitional body established after independence. A member of the Indian National Congress, he was a party whip before being appointed Deputy Minister of Defence in Jawaharlal Nehru's first ministry. In this position he chaired a committee responsible for recommended improvements to India's defences along its border with what was then the Kingdom of Tibet, prior to China's invasion and eventually annexation. Upon retirement, Himmatsinhji was appointed the first lieutenant-governor of Himachal Pradesh, a newly created Part C state of India. He served in the position from 1952 to 1954, when he was succeeded by Bajrang Bahadur Singh. Himmatsinhji died in January 1973.\n Links: a. Indian Foreign Service b. Bajrang Bahadur Singh c. Whip (politics) d. Bajrang Bahadur Singh", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}244{"query": "Question: Of the three cups University College Dublin competed in, which cup was established first? Passage:University College Dublin A.F.C. was founded in 1895 as the Catholic University Medical School Football Club. They began playing regular games the following year. A First XI played College games against other Universities and a Second XI entered outside competitions. The club was founder members of the Leinster Junior League in 1896 and reached the semi-finals of the Leinster Senior Cup in 1897. The club became University College Dublin when the new University annexed the Medical school in 1908. UCD won the inaugural Intervarsities competition, the Collingwood Cup, in 1914 and added the Irish Intermediate Cup the following year beating Portadown 2–1 in a replayed final. When the Irish Free State was formed in 1921 and the new Football Association of Ireland was formed, UCD participated in the Preliminary round against fellow non-League team Shamrock Rovers in November 1921. The game took place in Windy Arbour and the Hoops won 6–2. UCD were invited to join the League of Ireland in 1922, but had to turn it down on the basis of not being able to field a team in the League of Ireland Shield in September as the Academic year didn't commence until October. In 1945 they won the FAI Intermediate Cup when UCD beat fellow future League of Ireland members Cobh Ramblers 4–2 in the final. UCD appeared in the FAI Cup in the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s, their final appearance as a non-League outfit coming in 1957 when Cork Athletic beat UCD 4–2 in the Mardyke.\n Links: a. League of Ireland b. FAI Cup c. Irish Intermediate Cup d. Leinster Senior Cup (association football)", "pos": "Question: Who had a longer club history when Hibernian met Preston North End in the semi-finals of FA Cup? Passage:The club was founded in 1875 by Irishmen living in the Cowgate area of Edinburgh. Its name is derived from Hibernia, an ancient name for Ireland. James Connolly, the famous socialist and Irish Republican leader, was a Hibs fan, while the club were \"closely identified\" with the Irish Home Rule Movement during the 1880s. There was some sectarian resistance initially to an Irish club participating in Scottish football, but Hibs established themselves as a force in Scottish football in the 1880s. Hibs were the first club from the east coast of Scotland to win a major trophy, the 1887 Scottish Cup. They went on to defeat Preston North End, who had reached the semi-finals of the 1887 FA Cup, in a friendly match described as the Association Football Championship of the World Decider.\n Links: a. James Connolly b. James Connolly c. Hibernia d. Preston North End F.C.", "neg": "Question: Which of the Leagues in Ireland has the most teams? Passage:University College Dublin A.F.C. was founded in 1895 as the Catholic University Medical School Football Club. They began playing regular games the following year. A First XI played College games against other Universities and a Second XI entered outside competitions. The club was founder members of the Leinster Junior League in 1896 and reached the semi-finals of the Leinster Senior Cup in 1897. The club became University College Dublin when the new University annexed the Medical school in 1908. UCD won the inaugural Intervarsities competition, the Collingwood Cup, in 1914 and added the Irish Intermediate Cup the following year beating Portadown 2–1 in a replayed final. When the Irish Free State was formed in 1921 and the new Football Association of Ireland was formed, UCD participated in the Preliminary round against fellow non-League team Shamrock Rovers in November 1921. The game took place in Windy Arbour and the Hoops won 6–2. UCD were invited to join the League of Ireland in 1922, but had to turn it down on the basis of not being able to field a team in the League of Ireland Shield in September as the Academic year didn't commence until October. In 1945 they won the FAI Intermediate Cup when UCD beat fellow future League of Ireland members Cobh Ramblers 4–2 in the final. UCD appeared in the FAI Cup in the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s, their final appearance as a non-League outfit coming in 1957 when Cork Athletic beat UCD 4–2 in the Mardyke.\n Links: a. Windy Arbour b. FAI Cup c. League of Ireland d. League of Ireland", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}245{"query": "Question: Which of the provinces where French is an official language has the highest population? Passage:In 2011, the total number of native French speakers in Canada was around 7.3 million (22% of the entire population), while another 2 million spoke it as a second language. At the federal level, it has official status alongside English. At the provincial level, French is the sole official language of Quebec as well as one of two official languages of New Brunswick, and jointly official (derived from its federal legal status) in Nunavut, Yukon, and the Northwest Territories. Government services are offered in French at select localities in Manitoba and Ontario (through the French Language Services Act) and, to a lesser extent, elsewhere in the country, depending largely on the proximity to Quebec and/or French Canadian influence on any given region.\n Links: a. Quebec b. Yukon c. Ontario d. Canadian English", "pos": "Question: Which of the schools where Asswlin was educated has the highest enrollment? Passage:He was born in Saint-François on the Île d'Orléans, Canada East, the son of Louis Asselin and Marie Laperrière, and was educated at the Séminaire de Québec and the Université Laval. Asselin was called to the Quebec bar in 1870 and set up practice in Rimouski. In 1876, he married Théotiste-Malvina-Louise Derome. He served as crown prosecutor for Rimouski district in 1880 and 1881. Asselin ran unsuccessfully for a seat in the Quebec assembly in 1880, losing to Joseph Parent, and then defeated Parent in the 1881 general election. He was defeated by Édouard-Onésiphore Martin when he ran for reelection in 1886, also losing a by-election in 1889 and then elections for the Quebec assembly in Matane in 1890 and in Rimouski in 1908. Asselin was mayor of Rimouski from 1885 to 1887, was school commissioner from 1895 to 1898 and from 1903 to 1915 and was sheriff for Rimouski from 1895 to 1898. He was a founder and director of the newspaper Progrès du Golfe. Asselin was president of the Rimouski Saint-Jean-Baptiste Society. In 1914, he was named a repatriation officer at Biddeford, Maine for the Canadian government, charged with encouraging former Quebec residents who had emigrated to the United States to return to Quebec. He died there seven years later at the age of 71.\n Links: a. Séminaire de Québec b. Séminaire de Québec c. Saint-François-de-l'Île-d'Orléans d. United States", "neg": "Question: Of the two states where Louisiana french is spoken, which is largest in total population? Passage:Louisiana French (, Louisiana Creole: françé la lwizyàn) refers to the complex of dialects and varieties of the French language spoken traditionally in colonial Lower Louisiana. As of today Louisiana French is primarily used in the U.S. state of Louisiana, specifically in the southern parishes, though substantial minorities exist in southeast Texas as well. Over the centuries, the language has incorporated some words of African, Spanish, Native American and English origin, sometimes giving it linguistic features found only in Louisiana, Louisiana French differs to varying extents from French dialects spoken in other regions, but Louisiana French is mutually intelligible with all other dialects and particularly with those of Missouri, New England, Canada and northwestern France. Many famous books, such as Les Cenelles, a poetry anthology compiled by a group of gens de couleur libres, and Pouponne et Balthazar, a novel written by French Creole Sidonie de la Houssaye, are in standard French. It is a misconception that no one in Louisiana spoke or wrote Standard French. Figures from the United States Census record that roughly 3.5% of Louisianans over the age of 5 report speaking French or a French-based creole at home. Distribution of these speakers is uneven, however, with the majority residing in the south-central region known as Acadiana. Some of the Acadiana parishes register francophone populations of 10% or more of the total, with a select few (such as Vermilion, Evangeline and St. Martin Parishes) exceeding 15%.\n Links: a. Free people of color b. U.S. state c. Texas d. Canadian French", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}246{"query": "Question: When the first war between the supporters of Maria Christina and Carlos of Borbón begin? Passage:The Basque Country was one of the main sites of battles during the First Carlist War, a civil war between supporters of the Spanish regent Maria Christina, known as liberals, and those of the late king's brother Carlos of Borbón, known as Carlists. The Carlists were particularly focused on capturing Bilbao, a liberal and economic bastion in northern Spain. The Carlist general Tomás de Zumalacárregui tried to take the city during the Siege of Bilbao of 1835, but he was wounded during a battle near Begoña and died some time after in the town of Zegama. The next year, the city resisted a second siege during which the liberal general Baldomero Espartero defeated the Carlists in the Battle of Luchana. The city was untouched by the Second Carlist War, which took place mostly in Catalonia, but was again an important scenario during the Third Carlist War; in April 1874 the city suffered a third siege which lasted two months.\n Links: a. First Carlist War b. Catalonia c. Baldomero Espartero d. First Carlist War", "pos": "Question: Where was the first Spanish governor of Las Californias born? Passage:During the expedition, Father Crespí observed a location along the river that would be good for a settlement or mission. However, in 1771, Father Serra instead commissioned two missionaries to establish the Mission San Gabriel Arcángel-San Gabriel Mission near the present day Whittier Narrows section of the San Gabriel River. The missionaries encountered resistance from the Tongva to their attempts to resettle the Natives on the mission. The mission encountered further trouble in 1776 when a flood damaged the mission, convincing the missionaries to move and rebuild the mission on a higher and more defensible location: its present site in San Gabriel. The first Spanish governor of Las Californias, Felipe de Neve had, as well, recommended to Viceroy Bucareli Father Crespí's location on the Río Porciúncula (Los Angeles River) for a mission. Instead, in 1781, King Charles III mandated that a pueblo be built on the site instead, which would be the second town in Alta California, after San José de Guadalupe in 1777. The monarch, disregarding the production and trade roles of the missions, saw a greater need for secular pueblos to be established as the centers of agriculture and commerce to supply the crown's ever-growing military presence in \"Nueva California.\" The priests at the missions ignored the royal mandate and continued their ranching, trading and production of tallow, soap, hides, and beef, often in competition with new pueblo ventures.\n Links: a. Felipe de Neve b. Mission San Gabriel Arcángel c. Tongva d. San Gabriel, California", "neg": "Question: Who did the mother of the reigning queen marry that allowed her to serve as regent? Passage:When Isabella first became queen, she was only three years old. The queen mother, Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies, served as regent. The first and foremost political division of the Isabeline era was between Carlists and Cristinos (or Isabelinos), the former being supporters of Infante Carlos, Count of Molina, a rival claimant to the throne and the latter being supporters of Maria Christina and Isabella. The former supported absolute monarchism and the traditionalism of the Antiguo Régimen (\"Old Regime\"); they were uniformly close to the Roman Catholic Church, and generally clericalist. The latter were generally supporters of constitutional monarchy (although some, including Maria Christina herself, were more inclined toward enlightened absolutism); they were liberals of one stripe or another, ranging from liberal conservatives and those whose liberalism was strictly economic to social liberals. In the 1830s, these two groups faced off in the First Carlist War, which the Cristinos won. The terms of surrender—notably the Convention of Vergara—left an opportunity for relatively moderate Carlists to continue to play a role in the country's politics, and many did so over the ensuing decades.\n Links: a. Enlightened absolutism b. Ancien Régime c. Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies d. Clericalism", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}247{"query": "Question: Was the definitive artist of Superman during the early 1960s born in the United States? Passage:Gradually, the size of the issues was decreased as the publisher was reluctant to raise the cover price from the original 10 cents, so there were fewer stories. For a while, Congo Bill and Tommy Tomorrow were the two features in addition to Superman. Writer Robert Bernstein and artist Howard Sherman revamped the \"Congo Bill\" backup feature in issue #248 (January 1959) in a story wherein the character gained the ability to swap bodies with a gorilla and his strip was renamed Congorilla. The introduction of Supergirl by Otto Binder and Al Plastino occurred in issue #252 (May 1959). Following this debut appearance, Supergirl adopted the secret identity of an orphan \"Linda Lee\" and made Midvale Orphanage her base of operations. In Action Comics #261 (February 1960), her pet cat Streaky was introduced by Jerry Siegel and Jim Mooney. Supergirl joined the Legion of Super-Heroes in issue #276 and acted for three years as Superman's \"secret weapon,\" until her existence was revealed in Action Comics #285 (January 1962). In the view of comics historian Les Daniels, artist Curt Swan became the definitive artist of Superman in the early 1960s with a \"new look\" to the character that replaced Wayne Boring's version. Bizarro World first appeared in the story \"The World of Bizarros!\" in issue #262 (April 1960). Writer Jim Shooter created the villain the Parasite in Action Comics #340 (Aug. 1966).\n Links: a. Supergirl (Kara Zor-El) b. Curt Swan c. Robert Bernstein (comics) d. Robert Bernstein (comics)", "pos": "Question: Who wrote the final issue of Aquaman? Passage:He was spun off into his own title, the 1968–74 series Sub-Mariner. The super-villain Tiger Shark was introduced in issue #5 by writer Roy Thomas and artist John Buscema and the super-hero Stingray in issue #19 by Thomas and Bill Everett. Some of the later issues of this Sub-Mariner series are notable for having been written and drawn by the character's creator, Bill Everett, shortly before his death; as well, they reintroduced a now-older Namora, and introduced her daughter, Namorita Prentiss. By now more of a reluctant superhero \"the Sub-Mariner was perfect for the Marvel Age of angst-ridden protagonists. Noble yet misunderstood, powerful yet thwarted ... [he was] portrayed as a regal monarch – a king without a country.\" The final issue, #72 (Sept. 1974), was written by Steve Skeates and featured an unofficial intercompany crossover with the last issue of DC Comics' Aquaman series. A five- to six-page backup feature, \"Tales of Atlantis\", chronicling the undersea kingdom from its ancient origins, appeared in issues #62–66 (June–Oct. 1973), written by Gerber, with penciling by Howard Chaykin and later Jim Mooney. After the cancellation of Sub-Mariner, Namor co-starred with Doctor Doom in the Super-Villain Team-Up series. The series suffered from mediocre sales due to its lack of a stable creative team, and following issue #13 Namor was dropped from the co-star spot.\n Links: a. John Buscema b. Aquaman c. Aquaman d. Stingray (comics)", "neg": "Question: Which of the two characters that were additional features to Superman was introduced first? Passage:Gradually, the size of the issues was decreased as the publisher was reluctant to raise the cover price from the original 10 cents, so there were fewer stories. For a while, Congo Bill and Tommy Tomorrow were the two features in addition to Superman. Writer Robert Bernstein and artist Howard Sherman revamped the \"Congo Bill\" backup feature in issue #248 (January 1959) in a story wherein the character gained the ability to swap bodies with a gorilla and his strip was renamed Congorilla. The introduction of Supergirl by Otto Binder and Al Plastino occurred in issue #252 (May 1959). Following this debut appearance, Supergirl adopted the secret identity of an orphan \"Linda Lee\" and made Midvale Orphanage her base of operations. In Action Comics #261 (February 1960), her pet cat Streaky was introduced by Jerry Siegel and Jim Mooney. Supergirl joined the Legion of Super-Heroes in issue #276 and acted for three years as Superman's \"secret weapon,\" until her existence was revealed in Action Comics #285 (January 1962). In the view of comics historian Les Daniels, artist Curt Swan became the definitive artist of Superman in the early 1960s with a \"new look\" to the character that replaced Wayne Boring's version. Bizarro World first appeared in the story \"The World of Bizarros!\" in issue #262 (April 1960). Writer Jim Shooter created the villain the Parasite in Action Comics #340 (Aug. 1966).\n Links: a. Curt Swan b. Jim Shooter c. Congorilla d. Legion of Super-Heroes", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}248{"query": "Question: How long had Churchill been the Prime Minister of United Kingdoms when HMS Renown began transporting him to different conferences? Passage:During the Second World War, Renown was involved in the search for the in 1939, participated in the Norwegian Campaign of April–June 1940 and the search for the in 1941. She spent much of 1940 and 1941 assigned to Force H at Gibraltar, escorting convoys and she participated in the inconclusive Battle of Cape Spartivento. Renown was briefly assigned to the Home Fleet and provided cover to several Arctic convoys in early 1942. The ship was transferred back to Force H for Operation Torch and spent much of 1943 refitting or transporting Winston Churchill and his staff to and from various conferences with various Allied leaders. In early 1944, Renown was transferred to the Eastern Fleet in the Indian Ocean where she supported numerous attacks on Japanese-occupied facilities in Indonesia and various island groups in the Indian Ocean. The ship returned to the Home Fleet in early 1945 and was refitted before being placed in after the end of the war. Renown was sold for scrap in 1948.\n Links: a. Indonesia b. Arctic convoys of World War II c. Winston Churchill d. Indian Ocean", "pos": "Question: How many ships are currently in the possession of the military branch that the HMS Defender was built for? Passage:HMS Defender was a D-class destroyer built for the Royal Navy in the early 1930s. The ship was initially assigned to the Mediterranean Fleet before she was transferred to the China Station in early 1935. She was temporarily deployed in the Red Sea during late 1935 during the Abyssinia Crisis, before returning to her assigned station where she remained until mid-1939. Defender was transferred back to the Mediterranean Fleet just before World War II began in September 1939. She briefly was assigned to West Africa for convoy escort duties in 1940 before returning to the Mediterranean. The ship participated in the Battles of Calabria, Cape Spartivento, and Cape Matapan over the next year without damage. Defender assisted in the evacuations from Greece and Crete in April–May 1941, before she began running supply missions to Tobruk, Libya in June. The ship was badly damaged by a German bomber on one of those missions and had to be scuttled by her consort on 11 July 1941.\n Links: a. Battle of Calabria b. Tobruk c. Royal Navy d. Abyssinia Crisis", "neg": "Question: Who was the commander of the unit that escorted convoys out of Gibraltar with HMS Renown? Passage:During the Second World War, Renown was involved in the search for the in 1939, participated in the Norwegian Campaign of April–June 1940 and the search for the in 1941. She spent much of 1940 and 1941 assigned to Force H at Gibraltar, escorting convoys and she participated in the inconclusive Battle of Cape Spartivento. Renown was briefly assigned to the Home Fleet and provided cover to several Arctic convoys in early 1942. The ship was transferred back to Force H for Operation Torch and spent much of 1943 refitting or transporting Winston Churchill and his staff to and from various conferences with various Allied leaders. In early 1944, Renown was transferred to the Eastern Fleet in the Indian Ocean where she supported numerous attacks on Japanese-occupied facilities in Indonesia and various island groups in the Indian Ocean. The ship returned to the Home Fleet in early 1945 and was refitted before being placed in after the end of the war. Renown was sold for scrap in 1948.\n Links: a. Winston Churchill b. Operation Torch c. Far East Fleet (United Kingdom) d. Force H", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}249{"query": "Question: Which of the opera companies that Albers sang for was established earliest?  Passage:After Antwerp, Albers was engaged as Principal Baritone at the Opéra de Bordeaux and went on to sing at the Royal Opera House in London and the Opéra de Monte-Carlo. He was engaged by the Metropolitan Opera in 1898 and sang with the company both on tour and in New York City. He made his company debut on 8 November 1898 as Mercutio in the Met's touring performance of Roméo et Juliette in Chicago. He remained with the company through 1899, appearing 36 times in eight different operas and tackling his first Wagnerian role, Wolfram in Tannhäuser. On his return to Europe he sang regularly at the Théâtre de la Monnaie in Brussels from 1901 to 1906 and added several more Wagnerian roles to his repertoire: Telramund in Lohengrin; Hans Sachs in Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg; Wotan in Das Rheingold, Siegfried, and Die Walküre; and Kurwenal in Tristan und Isolde. A highly versatile singer, he also appeared in the title roles of La Monnaie's productions of Hamlet, Rigoletto, Hérodiade, and Le roi Arthus, as well as singing Count di Luna in Il trovatore, Iago in Otello, and Baron Scarpia in Tosca.\n Links: a. Hérodiade b. Grand Théâtre de Bordeaux c. Hérodiade d. Roméo et Juliette", "pos": "Question: Which of the two operas at which Schunk appeared in 1981 is older? Passage:From 1979 onwards, he worked as a freelance singer, performing internationally. He appeared at both the Hamburg State Opera and the Vienna State Opera in 1981 as the Emperor in Die Frau ohne Schatten by Richard Strauss. In 1983, he appeared as Max in Weber's Der Freischütz at the Bregenz Festival. The same year, he made his U.S. debut as Erik at the Lyric Opera of Chicago. In 1984 he took part in the Hamburg State Opera's tour of Japan. In 1986 he appeared as Florestan in Beethoven's Fidelio at the Metropolitan Opera, opposite Hildegard Behrens in the title role, returning in 1989 as Siegmund and in 1990 as the Emperor, a role which he had also performed for his 1987 debut at the Royal Opera House. In 1996, he appeared as Loge in Wagner's Das Rheingold at the Opéra de Marseille. In addition to his opera activities, Schunk has also performed successfully in concerts. He recorded the tenor solo in Beethoven's Ninth Symphony in 1986, conducted by Georg Solti with the Chicago Symphony Orchestra & Chorus, alongside Jessye Norman, Reinhild Runkel and Hans Sotin.\n Links: a. Das Rheingold b. Hamburg State Opera c. Hamburg State Opera d. Lyric Opera of Chicago", "neg": "Question: Of the Wagner operas that Vogl had roles in, which was written first? Passage:He played the role of Loge in Richard Wagner's Das Rheingold at Munich Court Opera on September 22, 1869, with his wife, Therese Vogl, playing the role of Wellgunde. He also played the role of Siegmund in Wagner's Die Walküre, also at Munich, on June 26, 1870. Therese Vogl played the role of Siegmund's sister and lover Sieglinde in the same performance. His Munich debut was as Max in Weber's Der Freischütz. He sang at Bayreuth, Berlin, London and the Metropolitan Opera in New York City. At Bayreuth, he played the role of Loge in the first complete Ring cycle on August 13, 1876. His performance in the role caused fellow singer Lilli Lehmann to comment that he was born for the part and that his Loge had never been equalled. His debut at the Metropolitan Opera was in the title role of Lohengrin on January 1, 1890, and he also sang Loge, Siegmund, the title role of Tannhäuser, Tristan in Tristan und Isolde, and Siegfried in both Siegfried and Götterdämmerung at the Met. Heinrich Vogl was also the first performer to play the roles of Loge and Siegfried in London, which he did in the first Ring cycle in London at Her Majesty's Theatre, with Anton Seidl conducting and his wife playing the role of Brünnhilde.\n Links: a. Das Rheingold b. Metropolitan Opera c. Das Rheingold d. Die Walküre", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}250{"query": "Question: How long had Pope Pius XI been serving as Pope for the year he instituted Christ the King Sunday? Passage:The Solemnity of Our Lord Jesus Christ, King of the Universe, commonly referred to as the Feast of Christ the King or Christ the King Sunday, is a relatively recent addition to the Western liturgical calendar, having been instituted in 1925 by Pope Pius XI for the Roman Catholic Church. In 1970 its Roman Catholic observance was moved to the final Sunday of Ordinary Time. Therefore, the earliest date on which it can occur is 20 November and the latest is 26 November. The Anglican, Lutheran, and many other Protestant churches also celebrate the Feast of Christ the King, which is contained in the Revised Common Lectionary. Roman Catholics adhering to the Extraordinary Form of the Roman Rite use the General Roman Calendar of 1960, and as such continue to observe the Solemnity on its original date of the final Sunday of October. It is also observed on the same computed date as the final Sunday of the ecclesiastical year, the Sunday before the First Sunday of Advent, by Western rite parishes of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia. In 2019, the feast day is celebrated on 24 November.\n Links: a. Anglicanism b. General Roman Calendar of 1960 c. Pope Pius XI d. Tridentine Mass", "pos": "Question: How long after Markos' mission to the Pope did Martin V pass away? Passage:He first appears in Constantinople in 1401, qualified as an oikeios of the emperor. In 1417 he was possibly sent on a diplomatic mission to the Venetians in the Morea. In 1422 and again in 1429 he was sent by Emperor John VIII Palaiologos as an envoy to the Ottoman Sultan Murad II. At the time he had the relatively lowly rank of protovestiarites, but was quickly promoted to protostrator and then to the senior rank of megas stratopedarches, which he held already during his mission in 1430 to Pope Martin V. During his return from the mission to the Pope, on orders from the Emperor, he raised Thomas Palaiologos to the rank of Despot in the Morea. He led two more missions abroad, one in 1433 to Pope Eugene IV, and one in 1438 to Venice.\n Links: a. Ottoman Empire b. Constantinople c. Pope Martin V d. John VIII Palaiologos", "neg": "Question: In what locations did the Pope live for longer than 50 years? Passage:With the increasing chaos and disorder leading to the collapse of the Roman Empire in 476, the popes assumed more and more civil authority first in Rome and in the surrounding territories. Rome became the center of the Catholic Church and the capital city of the Papal States; consequently, a great number of churches, convents and other religious buildings were erected in the city, sometimes above the ruins of older pre-Christian sites of worship. Churches proliferated during the Renaissance, when the Rome's most notable churches were built (this includes St. Peter's basilica on the Vatican Hill (the largest church in the world) and the city cathedral of St. John at the Lateran. The Papacy established its residence first in the Lateran Palace, then in the Quirinal Palace. When Rome was annexed by force to the newly unified Kingdom of Italy In 1870, Pope Pius IX retired to the Vatican, proclaiming himself a prisoner of the Savoy monarchy and leading to decades of conflict between the neonate state and the Catholic Church. This was resolved in 1929, when the Lateran Treaty were signed in Rome, establishing the right for the Holy See to govern the Vatican City as an independent, sovereign state. The patron saints of Rome remain Saint Peter and Saint Paul (or, as they are collectively referred to in this context, \"the most holy Saints Peter and Paul\"), both celebrated on June 29.\n Links: a. Kingdom of Italy b. Lateran Palace c. Vatican City d. Sovereign state", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}251{"query": "Question: Was the observatory Gill was appointed to older or newer than the private one he initially spent time equipping? Passage:It would seem that Gill's interests lay elsewhere since after a few years he sold the business, and then spent time equipping Lord Lindsay's private observatory at Dun Echt, Aberdeenshire. In 1874, Gill joined the expedition to Mauritius to observe the transit of Venus. Three years later he went to Ascension Island to observe a near approach of Mars and to calculate its distance. While carrying out these laborious calculations, he was notified of his appointment to the Cape Observatory, which, over the following 27 years he was to refurbish completely, turning it into a first-rate institution. Gill was a meticulous observer and had a flair for getting the best out of his instruments. His solar parallax observations with a heliometer and his calculations of distances to the nearer stars, are testimony to his outstanding work. He recruited Robert Innes to the Cape Observatory.\n Links: a. Aberdeenshire (historic) b. South African Astronomical Observatory c. Mauritius d. James Lindsay, 26th Earl of Crawford", "pos": "Question: Which University had been around longer by the time Pustõlnik graduated from Odessa University, the University of Tartu or Odessa University? Passage:A native of the Ukrainian port city of Odessa (a part of the Soviet Union until 1991), Izold Pustõlnik graduated cum laude from Odessa University in 1960 and received his Ph.D. from the University of Tartu in 1969 and his D.Sc. from Saint Petersburg State University in 1994. From the age of 27 in 1965 until his death forty-three years later, he was on the staff of Tartu Observatory where, as a research associate (promoted to senior research associate in 2000), he worked on the physics of close binary systems, theory of stellar atmospheres, interstellar medium, archaeoastronomy and history of astronomy. He was also a member of the International Astronomical Union, European Astronomical Society, Euroscience, Society for European Astronomy in Culture (SEAC) and served on the Board of Euro-Asian Astronomical Society and the Advisory Board of Astronomical and Astrophysical Transactions. \n Links: a. Odessa University b. Odessa University c. Doctor of Philosophy d. Tartu Observatory", "neg": "Question: How many years did the owner of the private observatory live? Passage:It would seem that Gill's interests lay elsewhere since after a few years he sold the business, and then spent time equipping Lord Lindsay's private observatory at Dun Echt, Aberdeenshire. In 1874, Gill joined the expedition to Mauritius to observe the transit of Venus. Three years later he went to Ascension Island to observe a near approach of Mars and to calculate its distance. While carrying out these laborious calculations, he was notified of his appointment to the Cape Observatory, which, over the following 27 years he was to refurbish completely, turning it into a first-rate institution. Gill was a meticulous observer and had a flair for getting the best out of his instruments. His solar parallax observations with a heliometer and his calculations of distances to the nearer stars, are testimony to his outstanding work. He recruited Robert Innes to the Cape Observatory.\n Links: a. South African Astronomical Observatory b. Aberdeenshire (historic) c. James Lindsay, 26th Earl of Crawford d. South African Astronomical Observatory", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}252{"query": "Question: How much money did Verizon Wireless make the year Lights and Sounds was released? Passage:The album's title track was included in the video game Burnout Revenge, as well as its spinoff Burnout Legends. The music video of \"Lights and Sounds\" was featured on a Verizon Wireless Vcast commercial around the time of the album's release. Lights and Sounds was released on January 24, 2006 through major label Capitol Records. In January and February the band went on a tour of the US. In April and May, the band embarked on the Virgin College Mega Tour alongside Mae. In June, the band went on a summer tour alongside Matchbook Romance and Hedley. In September, the band went on a headlining tour of the U.S. with support from Anberlin and Reeve Oliver. The song \"City of Devils\" was featured in the episode, \"I Love You But I've Chosen Darkness\", on the CW's One Tree Hill in October 2006. The song, \"Rough Landing, Holly\", was featured in the 2006 video game FlatOut 2.\n Links: a. One Tree Hill (TV series) b. Reeve Oliver c. Verizon Wireless d. Anberlin", "pos": "Question: How much money did Sony Music Entertainment make the year Retropolis Entertainment was founded? Passage:Retropolis Entertainment was founded in April 2002 by Bob Emmer, Garson Foos, and Richard Foos, three principals from Rhino Records, as the company was negotiating with the five majors for distribution. After selling Rhino to Warner Bros., the three set out to launch a new retro pop culture label. The company's first product was Red, White & Rock, a joint release with PBS station WQED that was produced with Warner Strategic Marketing. In August 2002, Retropolis acquired Biograph Records. Other early releases included blues and jazz CDs from the Biograph label, a Fats Domino CD and DVD, and several documentaries (Superstar: The Life And Times of Andy Warhol, What Happened To Kerouac?). Retroplis was renamed Shout! Factory in April 2003. At that time, Shout had signed a press and distribution agreement with Sony Music Entertainment. With the release of Freaks & Geeks in 2004, Shout! hit its stride and shifted towards a reputable and celebrated television on DVD company. That same year, they released a brand-new CD Has Been with actor William Shatner (produced by Ben Folds) and started releasing classic SCTV box sets.\n Links: a. Second City Television b. William Shatner c. Sony Music d. William Shatner", "neg": "Question: How many tracks did the album released in 2004 have? Passage:Fulber rejoined the band in 2003. The reunited duo released the single \"Maniacal\" in October of that year. The single peaked at No. 15 on Billboards Hot Dance Singles. The next year, they released the studio album Civilization, which landed the No. 2 position on the German Alternative Albums chart. Peterson later rejoined the band to release Artificial Soldier in 2006. It was the first album to feature new members Jeremy Inkel and Jared Slingerland. The album peaked on Billboards Top Dance/Electronic Albums chart at No. 19. After a problem with the tour bus company, the US tour that year was cut short, and the band returned home to Vancouver after playing roughly half of their scheduled dates; performances in New York and Canada were cancelled. The band toured in Europe in August 2006, playing in 18 cities.\n Links: a. 2003 in music b. Civilization (album) c. 2006 in music d. Civilization (album)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}253{"query": "Question: How many more performances did the 16 songs ahead of \"Something\" have according the the Broadcast Music Incorporated rankings? Passage:\"Something\" received the Ivor Novello Award for the \"Best Song Musically and Lyrically\" of 1969. Harrison subsequently performed the song at his Concert for Bangladesh shows in 1971 and throughout the two tours he made as a solo artist. Up to the late 1970s, it had been covered by over 150 artists, making it the second-most covered Beatles composition after \"Yesterday\". Shirley Bassey had a top-five UK hit with her 1970 recording, while Frank Sinatra regularly performed the song. Other artists who have covered \"Something\" include Elvis Presley, Ray Charles, Peggy Lee, James Brown, Tony Bennett, Andy Williams, Smokey Robinson and Ike & Tina Turner. In 1999, Broadcast Music Incorporated named \"Something\" as the 17th-most performed song of the twentieth century, with 5 million performances. In 2004, it was ranked at number 278 on Rolling Stones list of \"The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time\", while two years later, Mojo placed it at number 7 in the magazine's list of the Beatles' best songs. A year after Harrison's death in November 2001, McCartney and Eric Clapton performed it at the Concert for George tribute at London's Royal Albert Hall.\n Links: a. Tony Bennett b. Broadcast Music, Inc. c. Royal Albert Hall d. Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Songs of All Time", "pos": "Question: What other dongs had won the Ivor Novello Award before the Beatles \"Something\" won it? Passage:\"Something\" received the Ivor Novello Award for the \"Best Song Musically and Lyrically\" of 1969. Harrison subsequently performed the song at his Concert for Bangladesh shows in 1971 and throughout the two tours he made as a solo artist. Up to the late 1970s, it had been covered by over 150 artists, making it the second-most covered Beatles composition after \"Yesterday\". Shirley Bassey had a top-five UK hit with her 1970 recording, while Frank Sinatra regularly performed the song. Other artists who have covered \"Something\" include Elvis Presley, Ray Charles, Peggy Lee, James Brown, Tony Bennett, Andy Williams, Smokey Robinson and Ike & Tina Turner. In 1999, Broadcast Music Incorporated named \"Something\" as the 17th-most performed song of the twentieth century, with 5 million performances. In 2004, it was ranked at number 278 on Rolling Stones list of \"The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time\", while two years later, Mojo placed it at number 7 in the magazine's list of the Beatles' best songs. A year after Harrison's death in November 2001, McCartney and Eric Clapton performed it at the Concert for George tribute at London's Royal Albert Hall.\n Links: a. Broadcast Music, Inc. b. Ivor Novello Awards c. Andy Williams d. Smokey Robinson", "neg": "Question: Who was older when \"Something\" won the Ivor Novello Award? Passage:\"Something\" received the Ivor Novello Award for the \"Best Song Musically and Lyrically\" of 1969. Harrison subsequently performed the song at his Concert for Bangladesh shows in 1971 and throughout the two tours he made as a solo artist. Up to the late 1970s, it had been covered by over 150 artists, making it the second-most covered Beatles composition after \"Yesterday\". Shirley Bassey had a top-five UK hit with her 1970 recording, while Frank Sinatra regularly performed the song. Other artists who have covered \"Something\" include Elvis Presley, Ray Charles, Peggy Lee, James Brown, Tony Bennett, Andy Williams, Smokey Robinson and Ike & Tina Turner. In 1999, Broadcast Music Incorporated named \"Something\" as the 17th-most performed song of the twentieth century, with 5 million performances. In 2004, it was ranked at number 278 on Rolling Stones list of \"The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time\", while two years later, Mojo placed it at number 7 in the magazine's list of the Beatles' best songs. A year after Harrison's death in November 2001, McCartney and Eric Clapton performed it at the Concert for George tribute at London's Royal Albert Hall.\n Links: a. Frank Sinatra b. Broadcast Music, Inc. c. Elvis Presley d. Royal Albert Hall", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}254{"query": "Question: What was the total box office amount received for the film adaptation of the novel written by Foer? Passage:Foer graduated from Princeton in 1999 with a degree in philosophy, and traveled to Ukraine to expand his thesis. In 2001, he edited the anthology A Convergence of Birds: Original Fiction and Poetry Inspired by the Work of Joseph Cornell, to which he contributed the short story, \"If the Aging Magician Should Begin to Believe\". His Princeton thesis grew into a novel, Everything Is Illuminated, which was published by Houghton Mifflin in 2002. The book earned him a National Jewish Book Award (2001) and a Guardian First Book Award (2002). Foer shared the PEN/Robert W. Bingham Prize with fellow authors Will Heinrich and Monique Truong in 2004. In 2005, Liev Schreiber wrote and directed a film adaptation of the novel, which starred Elijah Wood.\n Links: a. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt b. Everything Is Illuminated (film) c. Jewish Book Council d. Everything Is Illuminated (film)", "pos": "Question: Which film won the Palme d'or the year that Dzieje grzechu was nominated? Passage:Borowczyk moved into live-action feature film with Goto, l'île d'amour (Goto, Isle of Love) (1968) and Blanche (1971), both tales of illicit love thwarted by jealous husbands, and both starring his own wife, Ligia Branice. One of his most appreciated films of this period, Dzieje grzechu (A Story of Sin) (1975), which was nominated for Palme d'or, is an adaptation of a Polish literary classic by Stefan Żeromski. Like his 1966 short film Rosalie (a Guy de Maupassant adaptation and a Silver Bear winner), Dzieje grzechu had successfully rendered the themes of seduction and infanticide. Contes immoraux (Immoral Tales) (1973) and his later work, including Interno di un convento (Behind Convent Walls) (1977) (inspired by Promenades dans Rome of Stendhal) and Cérémonie d'amour (Rites of Love) (1988) have been controversial, lauded by some for their unique surrealist vision and derided by others as contentless pornography. Especially, La Bête (The Beast, 1975) (based on the novel Lokis by Prosper Mérimée and originally conceived in 1972 as a film on its own, but then in 1973 as the fifth story in Contes immoraux) was seen by many as a decline in the director's career after Dzieje grzechu, except in France, where it was hailed by prominent critics such as Ado Kyrou. His 1980 film Lulu was based on the eponymous character created by Frank Wedekind.\n Links: a. Goto, Island of Love b. The Story of Sin c. Berlin International Film Festival d. Berlin International Film Festival", "neg": "Question: Who starred alongside Elijah Wood in the Everything is Illuminated adaptation? Passage:Foer graduated from Princeton in 1999 with a degree in philosophy, and traveled to Ukraine to expand his thesis. In 2001, he edited the anthology A Convergence of Birds: Original Fiction and Poetry Inspired by the Work of Joseph Cornell, to which he contributed the short story, \"If the Aging Magician Should Begin to Believe\". His Princeton thesis grew into a novel, Everything Is Illuminated, which was published by Houghton Mifflin in 2002. The book earned him a National Jewish Book Award (2001) and a Guardian First Book Award (2002). Foer shared the PEN/Robert W. Bingham Prize with fellow authors Will Heinrich and Monique Truong in 2004. In 2005, Liev Schreiber wrote and directed a film adaptation of the novel, which starred Elijah Wood.\n Links: a. Philosophy b. Liev Schreiber c. Joseph Cornell d. Everything Is Illuminated (film)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}255{"query": "Question: Has Alice in Chain's singer joined more than one band? Passage:Audioslave's history dates back to October 18, 2000, when Rage Against the Machine's lead vocalist Zack de la Rocha announced he was leaving the band, citing a breakdown in its \"decision-making process\". This led to the breakup of Rage Against the Machine, but the remaining three members of the band—Tim Commerford, Tom Morello, and Brad Wilk—decided to stay together and announced plans to continue with a new vocalist. Several vocalists jammed with the three, including B-Real of Cypress Hill, but they did not want another rapper or anybody who sounded like de la Rocha. Contrary to popular belief, Layne Staley of Alice in Chains neither auditioned nor was asked to join the new project. Tom Morello denied this claim on his Twitter account in 2015. Music producer and friend Rick Rubin suggested that they play with Chris Cornell of Soundgarden. Rubin also persuaded the three of them to go into group therapy with performance coach Phil Towle after the breakup. Rubin was confident that with the right new voice, Rage Against the Machine had the potential to become a better band; he believed \"it could turn into a Yardbirds-into-Led Zeppelin scenario.\" Commerford later credited Rubin for being the catalyst that brought Audioslave together. He called him \"the angel at the crossroads\" because \"if it wasn't for him, I wouldn't be here today.\"\n Links: a. Brad Wilk b. Layne Staley c. Zack de la Rocha d. Led Zeppelin", "pos": "Question: How old was Zack when he left Rage Against the Machine? Passage:Audioslave's history dates back to October 18, 2000, when Rage Against the Machine's lead vocalist Zack de la Rocha announced he was leaving the band, citing a breakdown in its \"decision-making process\". This led to the breakup of Rage Against the Machine, but the remaining three members of the band—Tim Commerford, Tom Morello, and Brad Wilk—decided to stay together and announced plans to continue with a new vocalist. Several vocalists jammed with the three, including B-Real of Cypress Hill, but they did not want another rapper or anybody who sounded like de la Rocha. Contrary to popular belief, Layne Staley of Alice in Chains neither auditioned nor was asked to join the new project. Tom Morello denied this claim on his Twitter account in 2015. Music producer and friend Rick Rubin suggested that they play with Chris Cornell of Soundgarden. Rubin also persuaded the three of them to go into group therapy with performance coach Phil Towle after the breakup. Rubin was confident that with the right new voice, Rage Against the Machine had the potential to become a better band; he believed \"it could turn into a Yardbirds-into-Led Zeppelin scenario.\" Commerford later credited Rubin for being the catalyst that brought Audioslave together. He called him \"the angel at the crossroads\" because \"if it wasn't for him, I wouldn't be here today.\"\n Links: a. Cypress Hill b. Zack de la Rocha c. Cypress Hill d. Cypress Hill", "neg": "Question: How long had the social media platform Tom Morello used to deny courting Layne Staley for his band been in existence when he did so? Passage:Audioslave's history dates back to October 18, 2000, when Rage Against the Machine's lead vocalist Zack de la Rocha announced he was leaving the band, citing a breakdown in its \"decision-making process\". This led to the breakup of Rage Against the Machine, but the remaining three members of the band—Tim Commerford, Tom Morello, and Brad Wilk—decided to stay together and announced plans to continue with a new vocalist. Several vocalists jammed with the three, including B-Real of Cypress Hill, but they did not want another rapper or anybody who sounded like de la Rocha. Contrary to popular belief, Layne Staley of Alice in Chains neither auditioned nor was asked to join the new project. Tom Morello denied this claim on his Twitter account in 2015. Music producer and friend Rick Rubin suggested that they play with Chris Cornell of Soundgarden. Rubin also persuaded the three of them to go into group therapy with performance coach Phil Towle after the breakup. Rubin was confident that with the right new voice, Rage Against the Machine had the potential to become a better band; he believed \"it could turn into a Yardbirds-into-Led Zeppelin scenario.\" Commerford later credited Rubin for being the catalyst that brought Audioslave together. He called him \"the angel at the crossroads\" because \"if it wasn't for him, I wouldn't be here today.\"\n Links: a. Twitter b. Led Zeppelin c. Rick Rubin d. Brad Wilk", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}256{"query": "Question: What year did the person who was an earlier French advocate of infinitesimal calculus die? Passage:Varignon was a friend of Newton, Leibniz, and the Bernoulli family. Varignon's principal contributions were to graphic statics and mechanics. Except for l'Hôpital, Varignon was the earliest and strongest French advocate of infinitesimal calculus, and exposed the errors in Michel Rolle's critique thereof. He recognized the importance of a test for the convergence of series, but analytical difficulties prevented his success. Nevertheless, he simplified the proofs of many propositions in mechanics, adapted Leibniz's calculus to the inertial mechanics of Newton's Principia, and treated mechanics in terms of the composition of forces in Projet d'une nouvelle mécanique in 1687. Among Varignon's other works was a 1699 publication concerning the application of differential calculus to fluid flow and to water clocks. In 1690 he created a mechanical explanation of gravitation. In 1702 he applied calculus to spring-driven clocks. In 1704, he invented the U-tube manometer, a device capable of measuring rarefaction in gases.\n Links: a. Convergent series b. Guillaume de l'Hôpital c. Mechanics d. Michel Rolle", "pos": "Question: Where were Commandino's pupils from? Passage:Born in Urbino, he studied at Padua and at Ferrara, where he received his doctorate in medicine. He was most famous for his central role as translator of works of ancient mathematicians. In this, his sources were primarily written in Greek and secondarily in Arabic, while his translations were primarily in Latin and secondarily in Italian. He was responsible for the publication of many treatises of Archimedes. He also translated the works of Aristarchus of Samos (On the sizes and distances of the Sun and the Moon), Pappus of Alexandria (Mathematical collection), Hero of Alexandria (Pneumatics), Ptolemy of Alexandria (Planisphere and Analemma), Apollonius of Perga (Conics) and Euclid of Alexandria (Elements). Among his pupils was Guidobaldo del Monte and Bernardino Baldi. Commandino maintained a correspondence with the astronomer Francesco Maurolico. The proposition known as Commandino's theorem first appears in his work on centers of gravity.\n Links: a. Archimedes b. Guidobaldo del Monte c. Aristarchus of Samos d. Ptolemy", "neg": "Question: How long did the French zoologist who described the hook-billed vanga in 1760 live after publishing his Ornithologie? Passage:In 1760 the French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson included a description of the hook-billed vanga in his Ornithologie based on a specimen collected on the island of Madagascar. He used the French name L'écorcheur de Madagascar and the Latin Collurio Madagascariensis. Although Brisson coined Latin names, these do not conform to the binomial system and are not recognised by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. When in 1766 the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus updated his Systema Naturae for the twelfth edition, he added 240 species that had been previously described by Brisson. One of these was the hook-billed vanga. Linnaeus included a brief description, coined the binomial name Lanius curvirostris and cited Brisson's work. It is now the only species placed in the genus Vanga that was introduced by the French ornithologist Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot in 1816. The specific name curvirostris is from Latin curvus \"curved\" and -rostrum \"billed\". The word \"vanga\" is the Malagasy name for the species. Two subspecies are recognised.\n Links: a. International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature b. Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot c. Carl Linnaeus d. Mathurin Jacques Brisson", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}257{"query": "Question: What year did the First English Civil War begin? Passage:In 1642, Williams, as a well connected local man and strong Protestant, was appointed by the King with a Commission of Array. At the outbreak of what was to become the First English Civil War, this gave him responsibilities for raising an army within Monmouthshire for the King, and holding the county against opposition. He was also created a baronet (one of several Williams baronets in Wales). Having set about his allotted task he was captured by Parliamentary forces in 1643 at Highnam during the Siege of Gloucester. After his release, he set about fortifying the ruined medieval stone castle at Llangibby, beside the Caerleon to Usk road, and garrisoned it with 60 men. In 1644 he helped lead operations around Monmouth. After the town was lost to the Parliamentarians he pleaded with Prince Rupert for more men and ammunition, following which he helped lead its recapture.\n Links: a. Castle b. Wales c. First English Civil War d. Castle", "pos": "Question: What year did the appointed office that William Pugh of \"Kilthrew\" and his son once occupied found? Passage:In the Middle Ages Cilthriew was one of the townships in Kerry. The township is also referred to as Kilroith or Kilroyth. Richard Williams makes the claim that Cilthriew and the neighbouring house of Brynllywarch (which was also a township) were in the ownership of the Pugh (ap Hugh) family from at least 1500. A William Pugh of Kilroith is mentioned in 1632, when he purchased from Ann Foxe, widow of Somerset Foxe lands in Kilroith including Maes y Deynant William Pugh of ‘‘Kilthrew’’ was the Sheriff of Montgomeryshire in 1767 and his son William, who was also Sheriff of Montgomeryshire in 1813, became a very successful attorney and purchased the Caer Howell estate in Montgomery. His son was the notable William Pugh, an entrepreneur, who did much to develop trade and infrastructure in the Montgomeryshire Severn valley. He paid for the final extension of the Montgomery Canal from Berriew to Newtown, and for various road building schemes including a road from Abermule along the Mule valley. In Newtown he encouraged the growth of the textile industry and was responsible for the Flannel exchange, designed by Thomas Penson. In 1828 he sold the Caer Howell estate, using the proceeds to develop Brynllywarch. For this work he may have employed T G Newnham and J W Poundley as his architects and surveyors. His schemes were over ambitious and in June 1835 he fled to Caen in Normandy to escape his creditors. This resulted in the Brynllywarch and Cilthriew estates, which then consisted of 27 farms, being sold in 1839 to Richard Leyland (Bullin), a very wealthy banker from Liverpool. Leyland was to give these estates, together with the Leighton Hall Estates to his nephew John Naylor in 1846. The very detailed survey of the estates purchased by Leyland and later John Naylor, drawn up by J W Poundley, is now in the National Library of Wales. John Naylor died on13th July 1889 and the estates continued in the Naylor family ownership until about 1930, when the various farms including Cilthriew were sold.\n Links: a. Thomas Penson b. Newtown, Powys c. High Sheriff of Montgomeryshire d. Middle Ages", "neg": "Question: What year was the castle that FitzWilliam led the assault on built? Passage:He was both a Catholic and a royalist, and enjoyed the confidence of Queen Henrietta Maria, who recommended him to Charles I as \"a man deserving of every encouragement.\" In 1645 he tried to get the Confederation of Kilkenny to support King Charles I in the English Civil War on the grounds that their demands for full civic rights to be restored to Roman Catholics would be met. He fought with the Confederates against the Parliamentarians in 1645–6, and led a successful assault on Roscommon Castle in 1646. In 1649 he was imprisoned in London but soon released. After some time in France he was allowed to return to England through the pleas of his brother-in-law John Holles, 2nd Earl of Clare. He is said to have been one of the few Irishmen whom Oliver Cromwell admired, and was also on good terms with Oliver's son Henry Cromwell, although Henry refused his request to be allowed to recover possession of his principal residence, Merrion Castle. During the Commonwealth he seems to have played a careful double game- his second marriage into the Holles family put him in the Parliamentarian camp, but he was also suspected of working for the Restoration of Charles II.\n Links: a. Cavalier b. Roscommon c. John Holles, 2nd Earl of Clare d. The Restoration", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}258{"query": "Question: How many games did Shrewsbury Town win the year Boulding went professional? Passage:Boulding maintained his links with football and trained with Doncaster Rovers, and in 1998 he joined non-league Hallam near his home in Sheffield. His form at Hallam attracted the interest of a number of league clubs, and Boulding was offered a trial by Mansfield Town. He was given a contract by the Division Three side and turned professional in 1999, which brought an end to his tennis career. He made his debut with Mansfield in a League Cup game against Nottingham Forest on 11 August 1999 as a late substitute for Gary Tallon, before his first league game came three days later against Cheltenham Town. He had to wait until his 12th game as a professional to register his first goal when he scored in a 2–1 victory over Shrewsbury Town on 23 October. He eventually finished his first season with six goals with Mansfield coming 17th but 17 points above Carlisle United, the only side to be relegated out of The Football League.\n Links: a. Shrewsbury Town F.C. b. English Football League c. Cheltenham Town F.C. d. Football League Third Division", "pos": "Question: How many seasons had Hallam played by the year Boulding joined their ranks? Passage:Boulding maintained his links with football and trained with Doncaster Rovers, and in 1998 he joined non-league Hallam near his home in Sheffield. His form at Hallam attracted the interest of a number of league clubs, and Boulding was offered a trial by Mansfield Town. He was given a contract by the Division Three side and turned professional in 1999, which brought an end to his tennis career. He made his debut with Mansfield in a League Cup game against Nottingham Forest on 11 August 1999 as a late substitute for Gary Tallon, before his first league game came three days later against Cheltenham Town. He had to wait until his 12th game as a professional to register his first goal when he scored in a 2–1 victory over Shrewsbury Town on 23 October. He eventually finished his first season with six goals with Mansfield coming 17th but 17 points above Carlisle United, the only side to be relegated out of The Football League.\n Links: a. Hallam F.C. b. Promotion and relegation c. Mansfield Town F.C. d. Gary Tallon", "neg": "Question: Did Nottingham Forest win more games than Mansfield Town the year Boulding turned professional? Passage:Boulding maintained his links with football and trained with Doncaster Rovers, and in 1998 he joined non-league Hallam near his home in Sheffield. His form at Hallam attracted the interest of a number of league clubs, and Boulding was offered a trial by Mansfield Town. He was given a contract by the Division Three side and turned professional in 1999, which brought an end to his tennis career. He made his debut with Mansfield in a League Cup game against Nottingham Forest on 11 August 1999 as a late substitute for Gary Tallon, before his first league game came three days later against Cheltenham Town. He had to wait until his 12th game as a professional to register his first goal when he scored in a 2–1 victory over Shrewsbury Town on 23 October. He eventually finished his first season with six goals with Mansfield coming 17th but 17 points above Carlisle United, the only side to be relegated out of The Football League.\n Links: a. Shrewsbury Town F.C. b. Nottingham Forest F.C. c. Hallam F.C. d. Shrewsbury Town F.C.", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}259{"query": "Question: What years are considered to be the Second Republic? Passage:He studied Law at the University of Oviedo and collaborated with Asturian liberal newspapers. In 1898 he was elected to the Congress as Liberal candidate and was appointed Professor of Roman Law at the University of Oviedo. In 1899, he turned into Republican and in 1906 he was elected Republican congressman. He was one of the organizers of the Liberal Block in 1908 against the Conservative Prime Minister Antonio Maura and of the Republican-Socialist Conjunction in 1909. In 1912, he founded with Gumersindo de Azcárate and José Ortega y Gasset the Reformist Party and the League for the Spanish Political Education. In the 1914 elections, 11 Reformist congressmen were elected. It had also a great success in the municipal elections in Asturias. During the Second Republic he founded the Democratic Liberal Republican Party (Partido Republicano Liberal Democrático), but its electoral results were poor: two deputies in 1932 and ten in 1933, when they supported the right-wing government backed by the Spanish Confederation of the Autonomous Right (CEDA). After the beginning of the Civil War, the revolutionary militias imprisoned and killed him.\n Links: a. Liberal Party (Spain, 1880) b. Second Spanish Republic c. CEDA d. Asturias", "pos": "Question: How old was Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo when elected president? Passage:During the process of electing Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo as Spain's new president in February 1981, Civil Guards and army members broke into the Congress of Deputies and held all deputies at gunpoint. One of the reasons that led to the coup d'état was the increase of ETA's violence. The coup failed after the King called for the military powers to obey the Constitution. Days after the coup, ETA's faction politiko-militarra started its disbanding, with most of its members joining Euskadiko Ezkerra, a leftist nationalist party away from the Abertzale left. General elections were held in 1982, and Felipe González, from the Socialist Workers' Party became the new president, while Herri Batasuna won two seats. In the Basque Country, Carlos Garaikoetxea from the PNV became lehendakari in 1979. During those years, hundreds of members of Herri Batasuna were arrested, especially after some of them sang the Eusko Gudariak in front of Juan Carlos I.\n Links: a. 1981 Spanish coup d'état attempt b. Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo c. 1981 Spanish coup d'état attempt d. Lehendakari", "neg": "Question: In what country did Melquiades Alvarez sutdy law? Passage:He studied Law at the University of Oviedo and collaborated with Asturian liberal newspapers. In 1898 he was elected to the Congress as Liberal candidate and was appointed Professor of Roman Law at the University of Oviedo. In 1899, he turned into Republican and in 1906 he was elected Republican congressman. He was one of the organizers of the Liberal Block in 1908 against the Conservative Prime Minister Antonio Maura and of the Republican-Socialist Conjunction in 1909. In 1912, he founded with Gumersindo de Azcárate and José Ortega y Gasset the Reformist Party and the League for the Spanish Political Education. In the 1914 elections, 11 Reformist congressmen were elected. It had also a great success in the municipal elections in Asturias. During the Second Republic he founded the Democratic Liberal Republican Party (Partido Republicano Liberal Democrático), but its electoral results were poor: two deputies in 1932 and ten in 1933, when they supported the right-wing government backed by the Spanish Confederation of the Autonomous Right (CEDA). After the beginning of the Civil War, the revolutionary militias imprisoned and killed him.\n Links: a. Antonio Maura b. Conservative Party (Spain) c. Law d. University of Oviedo", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}260{"query": "Question: Did Ralph DePalma qualify for the 1914 Indianapolis 500? Passage:There were 45 entrants for the race, but only the quickest 30 drivers during the elimination trials would qualify for the race. The first day of trials was completed on the Monday before the race, 25 May. Caleb Bragg set the fastest official time on the first day, recording 1:36.8, though it was reckoned that Howdy Wilcox went quicker, but his time was not officially recorded. Ralph DePalma, a crowd favourite, struggled in his Mercedes and could only manage a quickest time of 1:47.4, slower than the 1:45 that it was predicted drivers would have to beat in order to qualify. Only fifteen of the drivers ran on the first day, and they continued with two session on the Tuesday. On the second day, three drivers set record times around the Speedway: first the 1912 winner, Joe Dawson, set an unofficial lap time of 1:34.8. Later in the day Teddy Tetzlaff completed a lap in 1:33.4, while Jules Goux finished the day as the fastest driver, with a time of 1:31.7. Tetzlaff's lap was completed in a Maxwell which was fuelled with a 50:50 mix of gasoline and kerosene; the other Maxwell, driven by Billy Carlson, set a time of 1:36.6 fuelled by a combination of kerosene and lucubrating oil, with no gasoline. Ray Harroun, who had won the inaugural Indianapolis 500 in 1911, designed the Maxwell car, and was given $10,000 () by the company's president as a reward for the cars qualifying with sub-1:37 times.\n Links: a. Maxwell automobile b. 1911 Indianapolis 500 c. Ralph DePalma d. Gasoline", "pos": "Question: Which driver who won the New Zealand Grand Prix in the Lola T332 car had the fastest lap time? Passage:The T332 dominated the last three years of the US F5000 championship, with Briton Brian Redman taking the title three times in a row in 1974–76, his most serious rivals Al Unser and Mario Andretti, in 1974–75 in Parnelli T332C. Australian driver Warwick Brown used a T332 to win the 1975 Tasman Series as well as the 1975 New Zealand Grand Prix. In doing so he became the only Australian driver to ever win the Tasman Series. New Zealand driver Ken Smith also used a Lola T332 to win the 1976 New Zealand Grand Prix. Ken Smith had obtained Redman's 1974 US winning chassis and a couple of extremely powerful US F5000 chev engines. Lawrence, after a serious accident in the 72 NZGP regained competitive form in a new T332 in the 1974 Tasman and by 1975 had upgraded his chassis to the specs of Andretti's US car and running with real sponsorship from Malboro, Singapore Airlines and Wix, was Warwick Brown's most serious rival during the 1975 Tasman. As a side note, both the 1975 and 1976 New Zealand Grands Prix were held at Pukekohe Park Raceway. It was generally thought in the 1975 Tasman the two best drivers, Graham MacRae in a MacRae GM2 and Chris Amon in a Talon (a modified version of the GM2) were very much at a disadvantage compared with Lawrence, Brown and Smith in the Lola 332T, although to some extent that was compensated by the very fast Firestone F5000 tyres used by McRae for the last time in NZ which meant MacRae took pole or deadheated for pole time in the four kiwi rounds of the last Tasman. MacRae himself found his own T332 far faster than his GM2 in the 1974/75 US Travellers Cheque F5000 series. Although not able to equal the engine preparation of the Haas or Parnelli teams running at F1 level, even in 1975 at Watkins Geln, Lagua Seca and Long Beach, McRae in a T332 was still as quick as Jarier or Unser while his T332 lasted. In Australasia the T400 never matched the T332 although after its disastrous 1975 series, Max Stewarts T400 was often competitive in 1976 and 1977. In the Shellsport F5000 series in 1975, Peter Gethin and Pilete's T400 was probably quicker than the best T332s of Guy Edwards and Ian Ashley and in 1976 Keith Holland in a T400 often matched Edward's and David Purley 3.6 March and Chevron cars. The last two new T332c F5000s in 1977 were built for Alan Jones for the 1977 Australian Tasman rounds and Keith Holland Shellsport campaign that year. \n Links: a. Ken Smith (racing driver) b. 1975 New Zealand Grand Prix c. 1975 Tasman Series d. Tasman Series", "neg": "Question: What manufacturer was Teddy Tetzlaff driving for in the 1914 Indianapolis 500? Passage:There were 45 entrants for the race, but only the quickest 30 drivers during the elimination trials would qualify for the race. The first day of trials was completed on the Monday before the race, 25 May. Caleb Bragg set the fastest official time on the first day, recording 1:36.8, though it was reckoned that Howdy Wilcox went quicker, but his time was not officially recorded. Ralph DePalma, a crowd favourite, struggled in his Mercedes and could only manage a quickest time of 1:47.4, slower than the 1:45 that it was predicted drivers would have to beat in order to qualify. Only fifteen of the drivers ran on the first day, and they continued with two session on the Tuesday. On the second day, three drivers set record times around the Speedway: first the 1912 winner, Joe Dawson, set an unofficial lap time of 1:34.8. Later in the day Teddy Tetzlaff completed a lap in 1:33.4, while Jules Goux finished the day as the fastest driver, with a time of 1:31.7. Tetzlaff's lap was completed in a Maxwell which was fuelled with a 50:50 mix of gasoline and kerosene; the other Maxwell, driven by Billy Carlson, set a time of 1:36.6 fuelled by a combination of kerosene and lucubrating oil, with no gasoline. Ray Harroun, who had won the inaugural Indianapolis 500 in 1911, designed the Maxwell car, and was given $10,000 () by the company's president as a reward for the cars qualifying with sub-1:37 times.\n Links: a. Maxwell automobile b. Jules Goux c. Ralph DePalma d. Teddy Tetzlaff", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}261{"query": "Question: When was the school where Yelick received her SB, SM, and PhD in computer science founded? Passage:Katherine Yelick received her SB, SM, and PhD in computer science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She joined the faculty at the University of California, Berkeley in 1991. She joined the research staff at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in 1996 as a joint-appointment faculty research scientist, and has been the Associate Laboratory Director for Computing Sciences since 2010. She is known for her work in partitioned global address space programming languages, including co-inventing the Unified Parallel C (UPC) and Titanium languages. She also led the Sparsity project, the first automatically tuned library for sparse matrix kernels, and she co-led the development of the Optimized Sparse Kernel Interface (OSKI). From 2008 to 2012 she was the director of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center. From 2009 to 2015 she was a member of the California Council on Science and Technology.\n Links: a. Master of Science b. University of California, Berkeley c. Massachusetts Institute of Technology d. National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center", "pos": "Question: Which of the schools that Gooch taught at was the oldest? Passage:Gooch earned her BS in Computer Engineering in 1996 and her MS in Computer Science in 1998 from the University of Utah. While working on her master's degree, she explored interactive non-photorealistic technical illustration as a new rendering paradigm and developed Gooch shading, which she presented at the 1998 SIGGRAPH conference. Following her masters, she worked at the University of Utah as a research scientist for five years. During this time, she co-taught a course at the 1999 SIGGRAPH conference on non-photorealistic rendering and co-authored the first textbook in the field, Non-Photorealistic Rendering, with her husband Bruce Gooch. In 2004, she began her PhD in computer science at Northwestern University and graduated in 2006. Following her PhD, she joined the faculty at the University of Victoria in British Columbia as an assistant professor of computer science. In 2013, she joined the Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute to help develop the ViSUS software core into a product. In 2014, she became an adjunct professor of computer science at Texas A&M University.\n Links: a. Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute b. Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute c. University of Victoria d. SIGGRAPH", "neg": "Question: What did it cost to attend Yale the year Mairson got his B.A. there? Passage:Mairson received a B.A. in Mathematics from Yale University in 1978 and a Ph.D. in Computer Science from Stanford University in 1984 under the supervision of Jeffrey Ullman. His Ph.D. thesis, The Program Complexity of Searching a Table, won the Machtey Award at the 1983 IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS). Mairson was a Postdoctoral researcher at INRIA Rocqencourt from 1984 to 1985, at Stanford University in 1985, and at the University of Oxford in 1986. He held a Visiting Professor position from 1999 to 2001 at Boston University. From 2005 to 2007, Mairson has served as the Chair of the Faculty Senate at Brandeis. He is currently an Associate Editor of the journal Logical Methods in Computer Science and Information and Computation, and sits on the editorial board of Higher-Order and Symbolic Computation.\n Links: a. Yale University b. Information and Computation c. Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science d. Stanford University", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}262{"query": "Question: When was the artist born that WQMP played on November 29, 2017 at 3PM? Passage:On November 29, 2017, at 3 p.m., after playing “End Game” by Taylor Swift, WQMP flipped to alternative rock as Alt 101.9—joining several other former \"AMP Radio\"-branded stations in switching to the format and brand after the completion of the Entercom merger. The change brought the format back to a full-market signal in Orlando for the first time since 2008, when sister station WOCL flipped to classic hits. The most recent analog broadcast station to air the format full-time, Cox Media's W297BB/WCFB-HD2, was aired on a translator and an HD sub-channel, and aired from June 2014 to January 2016. Elsewhere in the Orlando market, iHeartMedia's talk-formatted WTKS-FM features alternative on nights and weekends, and is also aired on two HD subchannels in the Orlando market, WOCL HD2 and WJRR HD3, the latter of which also uses the brand Alt as standardized by iHeartMedia; this name conflict resulted in WQMP quietly changing its on-air brand to FM 101.9. WQMP's flip to alternative made former sister station WXXL the de facto CHR station in Orlando, until WPYO flipped to CHR from an urban-leaning rhythmic contemporary format in April 2018.\n Links: a. Cox Media Group b. Alternative rock c. Broadcast relay station d. Taylor Swift", "pos": "Question: Who owns the record company that released \"Any Ol' Barstool\"? Passage:\"Any Ol' Barstool\" is a song written by Deric Ruttan and Josh Thompson and recorded by American country music artist Jason Aldean. It was released in December 5, 2016 by Broken Bow Records as the third single from Aldean's seventh album They Don't Know (2016). \"Any Ol' Barstool\" gave Aldean his thirteenth number-one hit on the US Billboard Country Airplay chart and his eleventh top 5 hit on the Hot Country Songs chart. It also reached outside the top 50 on the Hot 100 chart. The song achieved similar chart success in Canada, reaching number one on the Canada Country chart and number 100 on the Canadian Hot 100 chart. It was certified Gold by Music Canada for selling over 40,000 units in that country. An accompanying music video for the single, directed by Shaun Silva, features Aldean playing in an empty bar against the story of a quarreling couple.\n Links: a. Billboard Hot 100 b. Deric Ruttan c. Jason Aldean d. BBR Music Group", "neg": "Question: When did Citadel Media become Cumulus Media Networks? Passage:KVOB started as KQNS-FM in September 1988, then located on 95.9 FM with an ERP of 1.3 kW. At the time, the station carried an adult contemporary format. In 1994, B-B Broadcasting bought the station from Smoky Hill Broadcasting, and the following year, the station moved to 95.5 FM and upgraded their power to 15.5 kW. By this time, the station flipped to a mainstream rock format, branded as \"Star 95.\" In 1999, the station flipped back to adult contemporary, keeping the \"Star 95\" moniker. In 2004, the station began running the \"Hits & Favorites\" satellite feed from Citadel Media (now Cumulus Media Networks) and changed monikers to \"Lite Rock 95.5\". A year later, the station switched satellite feeds to Westwood One's AC feed, again keeping the \"Lite Rock 95.5\" moniker. In 2006, the station rebranded as \"OZ 95\", again keeping the AC format. In 2007, the station flipped to adult hits, branded as \"Bob FM\". The station was assigned the KVOB call sign by the Federal Communications Commission on December 1, 2007. A year later, the station switched to Sparknet Communications' national feed of \"Jack FM\", again retaining the adult hits format.\n Links: a. Cumulus Media Networks b. Cumulus Media Networks c. Westwood One (1976–2011) d. Cumulus Media Networks", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}263{"query": "Question: Which of The Dead Weather albums sold the most copies? Passage:In 2009 Fertita along with Jack White on drums, Alison Mosshart on lead vocals, and Jack Lawrence on bass formed The Dead Weather. The group originally only intended to record a 7-inch single but plans changed and the band wrote and recorded their debut album in fifteen days. The band's debut album – Horehound – was released July 14, 2009 and was followed by a supporting tour. In October 2009 lead vocalist Mosshart confirmed that a second album was \"halfway done\". Later, White revealed in an interview that the band is hoping to have 20 to 25 songs ready for their Australian tour in March 2010. It was later confirmed that the first single from the new album – Sea of Cowards – would be called \"Die by the Drop\" which was released March 30. The Sea of Cowards Tour began on March 19, 2010, is ended on August 3, 2010. It included 42 shows over four legs. On September 25, 2015, the Dead Weather released their third studio album Dodge and Burn.\n Links: a. Dodge and Burn b. Single (music) c. Horehound (album) d. Dodge and Burn", "pos": "Question: What songs from the Dodge and Burn album were released? Passage:In 2009 Fertita along with Jack White on drums, Alison Mosshart on lead vocals, and Jack Lawrence on bass formed The Dead Weather. The group originally only intended to record a 7-inch single but plans changed and the band wrote and recorded their debut album in fifteen days. The band's debut album – Horehound – was released July 14, 2009 and was followed by a supporting tour. In October 2009 lead vocalist Mosshart confirmed that a second album was \"halfway done\". Later, White revealed in an interview that the band is hoping to have 20 to 25 songs ready for their Australian tour in March 2010. It was later confirmed that the first single from the new album – Sea of Cowards – would be called \"Die by the Drop\" which was released March 30. The Sea of Cowards Tour began on March 19, 2010, is ended on August 3, 2010. It included 42 shows over four legs. On September 25, 2015, the Dead Weather released their third studio album Dodge and Burn.\n Links: a. The Dead Weather b. Die by the Drop c. Dodge and Burn d. Jack Lawrence (musician)", "neg": "Question: How many venues were played during The Dead Weather  North American 2009 tour? Passage:In 2009 Fertita along with Jack White on drums, Alison Mosshart on lead vocals, and Jack Lawrence on bass formed The Dead Weather. The group originally only intended to record a 7-inch single but plans changed and the band wrote and recorded their debut album in fifteen days. The band's debut album – Horehound – was released July 14, 2009 and was followed by a supporting tour. In October 2009 lead vocalist Mosshart confirmed that a second album was \"halfway done\". Later, White revealed in an interview that the band is hoping to have 20 to 25 songs ready for their Australian tour in March 2010. It was later confirmed that the first single from the new album – Sea of Cowards – would be called \"Die by the Drop\" which was released March 30. The Sea of Cowards Tour began on March 19, 2010, is ended on August 3, 2010. It included 42 shows over four legs. On September 25, 2015, the Dead Weather released their third studio album Dodge and Burn.\n Links: a. Jack Lawrence (musician) b. Horehound (album) c. Alison Mosshart d. The Dead Weather", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}264{"query": "Question: What was the first film the person whose sequinned jacket is included in the Rose Museum's collection appeared in? Passage:Past exhibits have included: Tchaikovsky, in honor of his trip to New York City for the opening of Carnegie Hall; Marian Anderson, the first African American to sing at the Metropolitan Opera; George and Ira Gershwin, in honor of the centennial of George's birth; and one on Leonard Bernstein, among others. The museum's collection also includes a number of items of interest to music lovers: a program from the Vienna Philharmonic's debut concert on March 28, 1842, a ring owned by Beethoven, a pair of Johannes Brahms's eyeglasses, one of Richard Strauss's notebooks, which contained sketches of Danube, an unfinished poem as well as one of Benny Goodman's clarinets and one of Toscanini's batons. It also includes a sequinned jacket owned and worn by Judy Garland and the trowel used in laying the cornerstone of Carnegie Hall.\n Links: a. Arturo Toscanini b. Judy Garland c. Vienna Philharmonic d. Vienna Philharmonic", "pos": "Question: When did the first African American  sing a the Metropolitan Opera? Passage:Past exhibits have included: Tchaikovsky, in honor of his trip to New York City for the opening of Carnegie Hall; Marian Anderson, the first African American to sing at the Metropolitan Opera; George and Ira Gershwin, in honor of the centennial of George's birth; and one on Leonard Bernstein, among others. The museum's collection also includes a number of items of interest to music lovers: a program from the Vienna Philharmonic's debut concert on March 28, 1842, a ring owned by Beethoven, a pair of Johannes Brahms's eyeglasses, one of Richard Strauss's notebooks, which contained sketches of Danube, an unfinished poem as well as one of Benny Goodman's clarinets and one of Toscanini's batons. It also includes a sequinned jacket owned and worn by Judy Garland and the trowel used in laying the cornerstone of Carnegie Hall.\n Links: a. Vienna Philharmonic b. Marian Anderson c. Benny Goodman d. Judy Garland", "neg": "Question: What city is home to the library that deemed the film \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant?\" Passage:The Italian is a 1915 American silent film feature which tells the story of an Italian gondolier who comes to the United States to make his fortune but instead winds up working as a shoeshiner and experiencing tragedy while living with his wife and child in a tenement on New York's Lower East Side. The film was produced by Thomas H. Ince, directed by Reginald Barker, and co-written by C. Gardner Sullivan and Ince. The film stars stage actor George Beban in the title role as the Italian immigrant, Pietro \"Beppo\" Donnetti. In 1991, this film was deemed \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\" by the United States Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry.\n Links: a. United States b. Reginald Barker c. George Beban d. Library of Congress", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}265{"query": "Question: What position did Dhawal Kulkarni play on the squad? Passage:The Indian Squads were announced on 13 February. Dhawal Kulkarni got his maiden call up to the national squad, having been selected for the test squad after a strong debut Ranji trophy season where he was the highest wicket taker. L Balaji made a return to the Test squad after a five-year hiatus having last played in a test in 2004. Balaji was dropped from the ODI squad after he played in a single match in the previous tour, he was replaced by the now fit Munaf Patel. In the test squad Balaji replaced Pragyan Ojha with the selectors opting for an extra seamer instead of an extra spinner for the tour. Ojha retained his place in the ODI and T20 squads. Subramaniam Badrinath was dropped from the test squad in favour of reserve Wicket-Keeper Dinesh Karthik after Karthik too had a strong Ranji trophy season. Karthik was selected for all three squads, replacing Jadeja in the ODI squad. Ravindra Jadeja's impressive ODI debut was rewarded with a call up to the Twenty20 squad but Jadeja will be replaced by Sachin Tendulkar for the subsequent ODI series. Munaf Patel made a return to all three squads after having to pull out midway through the previous tour of Sri Lanka due to injury. Harbhajan Singh also made a return to all three squads after having to pull out at the beginning of the previous tour to Sri Lanka due to injury.\n Links: a. Harbhajan Singh b. Dhawal Kulkarni c. Ravindra Jadeja d. Subramaniam Badrinath", "pos": "Question: Did Dhawal Kulkarni and L Balaji play the same position for the team? Passage:The Indian Squads were announced on 13 February. Dhawal Kulkarni got his maiden call up to the national squad, having been selected for the test squad after a strong debut Ranji trophy season where he was the highest wicket taker. L Balaji made a return to the Test squad after a five-year hiatus having last played in a test in 2004. Balaji was dropped from the ODI squad after he played in a single match in the previous tour, he was replaced by the now fit Munaf Patel. In the test squad Balaji replaced Pragyan Ojha with the selectors opting for an extra seamer instead of an extra spinner for the tour. Ojha retained his place in the ODI and T20 squads. Subramaniam Badrinath was dropped from the test squad in favour of reserve Wicket-Keeper Dinesh Karthik after Karthik too had a strong Ranji trophy season. Karthik was selected for all three squads, replacing Jadeja in the ODI squad. Ravindra Jadeja's impressive ODI debut was rewarded with a call up to the Twenty20 squad but Jadeja will be replaced by Sachin Tendulkar for the subsequent ODI series. Munaf Patel made a return to all three squads after having to pull out midway through the previous tour of Sri Lanka due to injury. Harbhajan Singh also made a return to all three squads after having to pull out at the beginning of the previous tour to Sri Lanka due to injury.\n Links: a. Munaf Patel b. Dhawal Kulkarni c. Ravindra Jadeja d. Lakshmipathy Balaji", "neg": "Question: Why was Duanne Olivier released? Passage:Martin Guptill was ruled out of New Zealand's limited-overs squads due to injury. Glenn Phillips replaced him for the T20I match and Dean Brownlie replaced him for the ODI matches. However, ahead of the fourth ODI, Guptill and Jeetan Patel were added to the ODI squad and Matt Henry was released. However, ahead of the fifth ODI, Matt Henry was added back to the ODI squad. Ross Taylor was ruled out of the New Zealand squad for the 2nd Test due to calf injury sustained during the 1st Test. Neil Broom was named as his replacement. Matt Henry was also included in the Test squad. Dane Piedt was added to South Africa's squad ahead of the second Test. With Piedt added to South Africa's squad, Chris Morris was released from the team. Trent Boult was ruled out of New Zealand's squad for the 2nd Test due to leg injury sustained during the 1st Test. Duanne Olivier was released from South Africa's squad ahead of the third Test. Tim Southee was ruled out of the final Test with a hamstring injury.\n Links: a. Duanne Olivier b. Ross Taylor c. Dean Brownlie d. Duanne Olivier", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}266{"query": "Question: When did the villains in Dalek Attack first appear in Doctor Who? Passage:Dalek Attack is a computer game based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who, in which the player controls the Doctor and fights recurring adversaries, the Daleks and other enemies. In most versions of the game, the player can choose between playing as the Fourth, Fifth or Seventh Doctor; in the MS-DOS and Amiga versions, the player can play as the Second, Fourth or Seventh Doctor, and in the ZX Spectrum version only the Seventh Doctor was available. A second player may play as the Doctor's companion (Ace or a UNIT soldier, although in the Spectrum version only Ace is available). K-9 also makes appearances later in the game as does Davros, creator of the Daleks in the TV series, as the final end of level boss. The game is set in London, Paris, New York, Tokyo and Skaro.\n Links: a. Dalek b. Davros c. K9 (Doctor Who) d. Second Doctor", "pos": "Question: What was the previous episode that the 2005 one where the tenth doctor was introduced followed? Passage:The regeneration of the Ninth Doctor into the Tenth at the end of \"The Parting of the Ways\" (2005) used computer effects to morph Christopher Eccleston into David Tennant. In the episode of Doctor Who Confidential accompanying the episode \"Utopia\" (2007), where the same effect is used for the Master's regeneration, it is stated that the production team decided that this would be a common effect for all future Time Lord regenerations, rather than each regeneration being designed uniquely at the whim of the individual director. This style of transition is seen again in \"The Stolen Earth\"/\"Journey's End\" (2008) both when the Doctor undergoes an aborted regeneration, and when his hand spawns a clone in the second part; in The End of Time (2010) during which Matt Smith took over the role as the Eleventh Doctor; in \"The Impossible Astronaut\" when the Doctor is shot twice and seemingly killed; in \"Day of the Moon\" when a young girl regenerates; and in \"Let's Kill Hitler\" when Mels (Nina Toussaint-White) is shot and regenerates into River Song (Alex Kingston). \"The Night of the Doctor\" and \"The Day of the Doctor\" subsequently use the effect to show the Eighth Doctor and War Doctor's regenerations respectively. The Eighth Doctor's regeneration into the War Doctor uses steady beams of light as opposed to the flame effect used for other revived series regenerations. In the Series 10 episode \"The Lie of the Land\", the Twelfth Doctor fakes a regeneration as part of a plan to test if Bill still has free will. The effect used is consistent with the one used in the modern series, with the Doctor's hands glowing and emitting regeneration energy before he enters full regeneration. However, as the regeneration was not real, it did not use up a regeneration and the Doctor did not change bodies.\n Links: a. The Parting of the Ways b. The Impossible Astronaut c. The Lie of the Land d. Christopher Eccleston", "neg": "Question: When did the TV show that Dalek Attack is based on first air? Passage:Dalek Attack is a computer game based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who, in which the player controls the Doctor and fights recurring adversaries, the Daleks and other enemies. In most versions of the game, the player can choose between playing as the Fourth, Fifth or Seventh Doctor; in the MS-DOS and Amiga versions, the player can play as the Second, Fourth or Seventh Doctor, and in the ZX Spectrum version only the Seventh Doctor was available. A second player may play as the Doctor's companion (Ace or a UNIT soldier, although in the Spectrum version only Ace is available). K-9 also makes appearances later in the game as does Davros, creator of the Daleks in the TV series, as the final end of level boss. The game is set in London, Paris, New York, Tokyo and Skaro.\n Links: a. Davros b. Companion (Doctor Who) c. Ace (Doctor Who) d. Doctor Who", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}267{"query": "Question: How old was Bruce Arena when he became manager of  D.C. United? Passage:Washington, D.C. was awarded an MLS franchise on June 15, 1994, which would play at RFK Memorial Stadium and later be named D.C. United. The league allocated U.S. defender Jeff Agoos, U.S. midfielder John Harkes, and Bolivian forwards Marco Etcheverry and Juan Berthy Suárez to D.C. United, which signed former University of Virginia Cavaliers coach Bruce Arena as its manager in January 1996. In the general player draft, D.C. was given the last pick and signed Salvadorian forward Raúl Díaz Arce in the first round, completing a trio of South American attackers, and several starting players in later rounds. With its two picks in the college draft, United selected defender Eddie Pope in the first round and midfielder Jesse Marsch in the third round; in the supplemental draft, D.C. used its single pick on Argentine midfielder Mario Gori.\n Links: a. Berthy Suárez b. 1996 MLS Inaugural Player Draft c. Mario Gori d. Bruce Arena", "pos": "Question: How old was the person who was awarded an American Soccer League franchise in 1987 when he died? Passage:In October 1987, the American Soccer League announced that it had awarded a franchise to Joe Robbie which would be located in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Robbie, who owned the Minnesota Strikers of the Major Indoor Soccer League announced his intentions of resurrecting the name Fort Lauderdale Strikers and hired Wim Suurbier to coach the team. The team played their home games in Lockhart Stadium. In their first season, the Strikers stormed the ASL, finishing with a 14-6 record, best in the league, before falling to the Washington Diplomats in the finals. In 1988, Robbie later sold his share in the team to Noel Lemon. In January 1989, Suurbier resigned as coach to be replaced by Thomas Rongen. In their second season the Strikers did almost as well, finishing the season at 12-8. They went on to defeat the Boston Bolts for the 1989 championship. This qualified them for the 1989 National Pro Soccer Championship, the first American national outdoor soccer championship since the collapse of the North American Soccer League in 1984. On September 9, 1989, the Strikers defeated the San Diego Nomads of the Western Soccer League, 3–1, to win the title. Following that game, the ASL merged with the WSL to form the American Professional Soccer League. They played five more years in that league. For the 1990 season seven home games were played at Pompano Beach Municipal Stadium and five at the Royal Palm Polo Club in Boca Raton, after the Broward School Board denied the team access to Lockhart Stadium. In January 1991, the Strikers merged with the Orlando Lions. The combined team retained the Strikers name, uniforms and staff. Soon after Lemons sold the team to Bryan Lockwood.\n Links: a. Boca Raton, Florida b. North American Soccer League c. Western Soccer Alliance d. Joe Robbie", "neg": "Question: Who owned the Columbus Crew when the year they signed Armas to the team? Passage:In 1999, Armas signed for the Maryland Mania in the USL A-League. He began the 2000 season with the Raleigh Capital Express, playing four games. He also spent time with D.C. United. In June 2000, the Columbus Crew signed Armas as a Discovery Player. He played four regular season games with the Crew. He also played on 2000 Open Cup game for the Crew, coming on for John DeBrito in the 66th minute. He also went on loan to MLS Pro 40 for one game. The Crew waived him at the end of the season. In November 2000, the Tampa Bay Mutiny claimed Armas off waivers, but released him before the season. In 2001, John Dugan, who had coached the Express in 2000, became the new head coach of the Atlanta Silverbacks. He promptly signed Armas. On June 12, 2001, half way through the season, the Silverbacks traded Armas to the Minnesota Thunder in a three-way trade which sent Andrew Restrepo from the Rochester Rhinos to Atlanta and Stoian Mladenov to the Rhinos from Minnesota. In 2002, Armas played three games with the Cincinnati Riverhawks. In 2003, he played seventeen games for the Carolina Dynamo, scoring five goals and adding 16 assists as the Dynamo took the league title. Armas was selected as a first team All Star. He then moved to the Pittsburgh Riverhounds for the 2004 USL Second Division season and was back with Carolina for the 2005 season.\n Links: a. Columbus Crew SC b. Maryland Mania c. Generation Adidas d. Cincinnati Riverhawks", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}268{"query": "Question: What year was the record label owned by Andy McDonald established. Passage:They were signed by Andy McDonald to his Independiente Records label and released the album Out of Nothing, which reached number one in the UK in 2004. The 'comeback' single that preceded this album was \"Gravity\", which had been written by Coldplay's Chris Martin. Danny McNamara and Martin had become friends after Coldplay had supported Embrace in 2000 in Blackpool. The single was a hit, charting at number seven in the UK Singles Chart. Coldplay have since recorded \"Gravity\" as a B-side for their single \"Talk\". In 2004, Radio 1's Live Lounge, Embrace recorded a version of the D12 rap song \"How Come\". In October 2005, the band released their first compilation, called . It features 18 tracks from singles and EPs across their entire career, including a version of \"Blind\", an early live favourite which was omitted from their debut album The Good Will Out, as was their Otis Redding-influenced \"The Way I Do\".\n Links: a. D12 b. D12 c. Chris Martin d. Independiente (record label)", "pos": "Question: Which of the singles from Twilight Sad's second studio album charted the highest? Passage:The discography of Scottish rock band The Twilight Sad consists of five studio albums, four compilation albums, fifteen singles, and five extended plays (EPs). The band currently consists of James Graham (vocals, lyrics), Andy MacFarlane (guitar, production), Johnny Docherty (bass), Brendan Smith (keyboards) and Sebastien Schultz (drums). The Kilsyth-based band formed in 2003 and were signed to Fat Cat Records when Alex Knight, co-founder of the label, went to Glasgow to watch the band perform their third gig and signed them on the spot. The band released their debut EP The Twilight Sad in November 2006 in the United States only, followed by their debut album Fourteen Autumns & Fifteen Winters in April 2007, which garnered widespread critical acclaim. The album spawned two singles, \"That Summer, at Home I Had Become the Invisible Boy\" in April, and \"And She Would Darken the Memory\" in July. The following year, the band released Here, It Never Snowed. Afterwards It Did, a mini-album of reworked versions of songs from Fourteen Autumns & Fifteen Winters and two non-album tracks, inspired by stripped-down live performances. A collection of live versions and previously unreleased tracks entitled Killed My Parents and Hit the Road was released in December 2008. The Twilight Sad's second studio album, Forget the Night Ahead, was released in September 2009 to further acclaim and marked a shift in the band's direction towards a darker and more streamlined sound. The album produced three singles: \"I Became a Prostitute\" in August 2009, \"Seven Years of Letters\" in October 2009, and \"The Room\" in April 2010. Founding bassist Craig Orzel left the band in February 2010, and the band released The Wrong Car EP in September of that year.\n Links: a. United States b. Kilsyth c. Rock music d. I Became a Prostitute", "neg": "Question: When was the record label that signed The Twilight Sad in 2003 founded? Passage:The discography of Scottish rock band The Twilight Sad consists of five studio albums, four compilation albums, fifteen singles, and five extended plays (EPs). The band currently consists of James Graham (vocals, lyrics), Andy MacFarlane (guitar, production), Johnny Docherty (bass), Brendan Smith (keyboards) and Sebastien Schultz (drums). The Kilsyth-based band formed in 2003 and were signed to Fat Cat Records when Alex Knight, co-founder of the label, went to Glasgow to watch the band perform their third gig and signed them on the spot. The band released their debut EP The Twilight Sad in November 2006 in the United States only, followed by their debut album Fourteen Autumns & Fifteen Winters in April 2007, which garnered widespread critical acclaim. The album spawned two singles, \"That Summer, at Home I Had Become the Invisible Boy\" in April, and \"And She Would Darken the Memory\" in July. The following year, the band released Here, It Never Snowed. Afterwards It Did, a mini-album of reworked versions of songs from Fourteen Autumns & Fifteen Winters and two non-album tracks, inspired by stripped-down live performances. A collection of live versions and previously unreleased tracks entitled Killed My Parents and Hit the Road was released in December 2008. The Twilight Sad's second studio album, Forget the Night Ahead, was released in September 2009 to further acclaim and marked a shift in the band's direction towards a darker and more streamlined sound. The album produced three singles: \"I Became a Prostitute\" in August 2009, \"Seven Years of Letters\" in October 2009, and \"The Room\" in April 2010. Founding bassist Craig Orzel left the band in February 2010, and the band released The Wrong Car EP in September of that year.\n Links: a. FatCat Records b. Kilsyth c. Rock music d. Forget the Night Ahead", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}269{"query": "Question: How long was Eric Young's reign as TNA Global Champion before he was defeated by Rob Terry? Passage:On 27 January 2010, Terry defeated Eric Young at a house show in Cardiff, Wales, to win the TNA Global Championship. Terry's win also made him the first Welshman to hold a championship in a major wrestling organisation. On the following night's edition of Impact! the British Invasion attacked Amazing Red, but as Terry went to cash in his \"Feast or Fired\" contract he was ordered by Magnus to hand it over to Williams, who then instead faced Red and quickly defeated him for the X Division Championship. On the edition of 18 February of Impact! Terry finally grew tired of Magnus' abuse and attacked him, thus ending his alliance with the British Invasion and turning face. On the edition of 25 February of Impact! Terry made his first Global Championship title defence, when he defeated Mr. Anderson, after interference from Kurt Angle. Since then, Terry went on to defend the Global Championship in quick squash matches against his former British Invasion team-mate Doug Williams, as well as Magnus at Destination X. The very next day on Impact!, Terry again successfully defended the championship, squashing Tomko in a mere 65 seconds. On the edition of 5 April of Impact! Terry adopted the nickname \"The Freak\". On the edition of 19 April of Impact! Terry joined Team Hogan and teamed with Abyss, Jeff Jarrett and Samoa Joe to defeat Team Flair (Sting, Desmond Wolfe, Robert Roode and James Storm) in an eight-man tag team match. During this time, Terry was being built as an unstoppable monster and was asked and agreed to take an unprotected chair shot to the head during a match with Homicide. Several wrestling news outlets reported on the incident, which caused Terry to legitimately bleed heavily from the top of his head. Dave Meltzer of The Wrestling Observer Online called it \"completely disgusting and unnecessary.\" Later, he started a feud with newcomer Orlando Jordan. After weeks of stalking Terry, Jordan debuted his new interview segment, \"The O-Zone\" on the edition of 3 May of Impact!, attacking Terry during the segment and beginning a feud. On the next edition of Impact! Jordan attacked Terry with a lead pipe as Terry was preparing to defend his title against Abyss. At Sacrifice Terry defeated Jordan to retain the Global Championship. On 20 June, Terry became the longest reigning Global Champion in history, beating Booker T's reign of 143 days as champion. On 13 July at the tapings of the edition of 22 July of Impact!, Terry lost the Global Championship to A.J. Styles, ending his reign at 167 days. Terry received a rematch for the title, now renamed the TNA Television Championship, on the edition of 5 August of Impact!, but was defeated by Styles after a low blow.\n Links: a. Samoa Joe b. Sacrifice (2010) c. Destination X (2010) d. TNA Television Championship", "pos": "Question: Which TNA wrestling stable had been in existence first when Hayashi challenged them in a three-way match? Passage:On July 10, 2013, Hayashi was announced as part of Keiji Mutoh's new Wrestle-1 promotion. During the promotion's inaugural event on September 8, Hayashi teamed with Shuji Kondo in a tag team match, where they were defeated by the Big Japan Pro Wrestling team of Daisuke Sekimoto and Yuji Okabayashi. As part of a working relationship between Wrestle-1 and American promotion Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), Hayashi and Kondo earned a shot at the TNA World Tag Team Championship by defeating Desperado (Kazma Sakamoto and Masayuki Kono) on February 15, 2014. On March 2 at , Hayashi and Kondo unsuccessfully challenged The Wolves (Davey Richards and Eddie Edwards) for the TNA World Tag Team Championship in a three-way match, which also included The BroMans (Jessie Godderz and Robbie E), who went on to win the match and become the new champions. On September 22, Hayashi entered the Wrestle-1 Championship tournament, but was defeated in his first round match by Kondo. On October 12, Hayashi worked TNA's Bound for Glory event in Tokyo, unsuccessfully challenging Samoa Joe for the TNA X Division Championship in a three-way match, which also included Low Ki. In November, Hayashi and Kondo took part in the First Tag League Greatest tournament, set to determine the inaugural Wrestle-1 Tag Team Champions, where they finished second in their block with a record of three wins and one loss, advancing to the semifinals. On November 30, Hayashi and Kondo first defeated Kai and Ryota Hama in the semifinals and then Akira and Manabu Soya in the finals to win the tournament and become the inaugural Wrestle-1 Tag Team Champions. After seven successful title defenses, they lost the title to Soya and Jun Kasai on July 12, 2015. On October 9, Kondo broke off his partnership with Hayashi. On January 31, 2016, Hayashi, Minoru Tanaka and Tajiri won the vacant UWA World Trios Championship. They lost the title to Andy Wu, Daiki Inaba and Seiki Yoshioka in their fifth defense on July 29. On September 18, Hayashi and Kotaro Suzuki won the vacant Wrestle-1 Tag Team Championship. They lost the title to Koji Doi and Kumagoro on March 20, 2017.\n Links: a. Impact World Tag Team Championship b. Samoa Joe c. Robbie E d. The American Wolves", "neg": "Question: How long had the Desperado been wrestling for TNA when Hayashi and Kondo defeated them? Passage:On July 10, 2013, Hayashi was announced as part of Keiji Mutoh's new Wrestle-1 promotion. During the promotion's inaugural event on September 8, Hayashi teamed with Shuji Kondo in a tag team match, where they were defeated by the Big Japan Pro Wrestling team of Daisuke Sekimoto and Yuji Okabayashi. As part of a working relationship between Wrestle-1 and American promotion Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), Hayashi and Kondo earned a shot at the TNA World Tag Team Championship by defeating Desperado (Kazma Sakamoto and Masayuki Kono) on February 15, 2014. On March 2 at , Hayashi and Kondo unsuccessfully challenged The Wolves (Davey Richards and Eddie Edwards) for the TNA World Tag Team Championship in a three-way match, which also included The BroMans (Jessie Godderz and Robbie E), who went on to win the match and become the new champions. On September 22, Hayashi entered the Wrestle-1 Championship tournament, but was defeated in his first round match by Kondo. On October 12, Hayashi worked TNA's Bound for Glory event in Tokyo, unsuccessfully challenging Samoa Joe for the TNA X Division Championship in a three-way match, which also included Low Ki. In November, Hayashi and Kondo took part in the First Tag League Greatest tournament, set to determine the inaugural Wrestle-1 Tag Team Champions, where they finished second in their block with a record of three wins and one loss, advancing to the semifinals. On November 30, Hayashi and Kondo first defeated Kai and Ryota Hama in the semifinals and then Akira and Manabu Soya in the finals to win the tournament and become the inaugural Wrestle-1 Tag Team Champions. After seven successful title defenses, they lost the title to Soya and Jun Kasai on July 12, 2015. On October 9, Kondo broke off his partnership with Hayashi. On January 31, 2016, Hayashi, Minoru Tanaka and Tajiri won the vacant UWA World Trios Championship. They lost the title to Andy Wu, Daiki Inaba and Seiki Yoshioka in their fifth defense on July 29. On September 18, Hayashi and Kotaro Suzuki won the vacant Wrestle-1 Tag Team Championship. They lost the title to Koji Doi and Kumagoro on March 20, 2017.\n Links: a. Kazma Sakamoto b. Robbie E c. Impact X Division Championship d. Impact World Tag Team Championship", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}270{"query": "Question: Which play was published first? Passage:In 1980, Conroy decided to try his hand in television and moved out to California. He landed a role in the daytime soap opera Another World. Conroy became associated with the Old Globe Theatre in San Diego, California, where he performed in productions of Hamlet and A Midsummer Night's Dream. From 1980 to 1985, he acted in a variety of contemporary and classic theatre pieces, including the Broadway productions of Eastern Standard and Edward Albee's adaptation of Lolita. In 1984, Conroy played the title role in Hamlet at the New York Shakespeare Festival. He returned to television in the 1985 TV movie Covenant and had a role on another daytime soap drama, Search for Tomorrow. Conroy played gay lawyer Bart Fallmont on Dynasty from 1985 to 1986. He was a series regular on Ohara in 1987, and as the company commander on Tour of Duty from 1987 to 1988, before starring in a series of television movies. Though initially cast as one of the show's main characters, his role on the show was reduced while it filmed in Hawaii and he ended up spending much of his time doing portraits of tourists on the Honolulu boardwalk. Conroy has also guest starred on shows such as Cheers, Search for Tomorrow, Matlock and Murphy Brown.\n Links: a. San Diego b. Murphy Brown c. A Midsummer Night's Dream d. California", "pos": "Question: What network did Dynasty air on? Passage:In 1980, Conroy decided to try his hand in television and moved out to California. He landed a role in the daytime soap opera Another World. Conroy became associated with the Old Globe Theatre in San Diego, California, where he performed in productions of Hamlet and A Midsummer Night's Dream. From 1980 to 1985, he acted in a variety of contemporary and classic theatre pieces, including the Broadway productions of Eastern Standard and Edward Albee's adaptation of Lolita. In 1984, Conroy played the title role in Hamlet at the New York Shakespeare Festival. He returned to television in the 1985 TV movie Covenant and had a role on another daytime soap drama, Search for Tomorrow. Conroy played gay lawyer Bart Fallmont on Dynasty from 1985 to 1986. He was a series regular on Ohara in 1987, and as the company commander on Tour of Duty from 1987 to 1988, before starring in a series of television movies. Though initially cast as one of the show's main characters, his role on the show was reduced while it filmed in Hawaii and he ended up spending much of his time doing portraits of tourists on the Honolulu boardwalk. Conroy has also guest starred on shows such as Cheers, Search for Tomorrow, Matlock and Murphy Brown.\n Links: a. Hamlet b. Eastern Standard c. Dynasty (1981 TV series) d. Edward Albee", "neg": "Question: What theatre was built first, the one Gregario appeared at in 1988, or the one she appeared at in 1993? Passage:In 1977, Gregorio returned to Broadway after an eight-year hiatus in the original production of Michael Cristofer's The Shadow Box as Agnes; she garnered nominations for the Tony Award for Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Play and the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Featured Actress in a Play. Since then her theatre appearances have been sporadic. She appeared as Laurie in the Off-Broadway production of David Blomquist's Weekends Like Other People, at the Marymount Manhattan Theatre in 1982. The following year she returned to Broadway as Beatrice in the original production of A View from the Bridge at the Ambassador Theatre, and again in 1988 as Helga in the original production of M. Butterfly at the Eugene O'Neill Theatre. In 1993 she appeared as Karen Frick in the Manhattan Theatre Club's production of Arthur Miller's The Last Yankee and in 2000 she portrayed the roles of Lena and Sandra in Beth Henley's Family Week at the Century Center for the Performing Arts.\n Links: a. Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Featured Actress in a Play b. The Last Yankee c. Beth Henley d. Eugene O'Neill Theatre", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}271{"query": "Question: What is the nickname of the team Akers moved on to in 1948? Passage:Born in West Auckland, he began his professional career with Wolverhampton Wanderers in 1934, but left the club without ever playing for the first team, and joined Newport County, where he experienced a similar spell. He finally made his debut in The Football League for Bournemouth & Boscombe Athletic, where he made 15 League starts in total. After a short spell with Chelsea, in which he again played no first-team football, he joined Mansfield Town for the start of the 1939–40 season. He played three times and scored three goals before the League was abandoned due to the start of the war. After the war, he joined Gillingham of the Southern League, where he played for two seasons, scoring 20 goals in 40 games. One of his goals came in a 12–1 win over Gloucester City, which remains the club's biggest-ever win in a competitive fixture. In 1948, he moved on to Corby Town and later played for Goole Town.\n Links: a. Newport County A.F.C. b. Corby Town F.C. c. 1939–40 in English football d. Chelsea F.C.", "pos": "Question: Who had a better record the year Carter made his debut, the Leyton Orient or Billericay Town? Passage:Carter started his career as an apprentice at Brighton & Hove Albion but failed to make the grade for the first team. He made his first team debut in April 1987 in a 1–1 draw with Blackburn Rovers, coming on as a substitute and almost scoring with his first touch. He subsequently dropped down to the Isthmian League where he spent a season with Billericay Town. He was signed by Fourth Division side Leyton Orient in July 1988 and remained a first team regular in his seven-year spell at the club, which included promotion to the Third Division in his first season with via the play-offs. In June 1995, he joined newly relegated Second Division side Peterborough United for a fee of £25,000. He was a first team regular in his first season with the club but dropped out of the side in his second season as the club narrowly avoided relegation twice. Following his release he spent time on trial at Cambridge United and Wycombe Wanderers, however, both were unsuccessful in earning a full-time contract. He subsequently signed for Welsh Premier League side Barry Town, where he spent two seasons and made a total of sixty league appearances, scoring ten goals. He later joined Southern League Premier side Merthyr Tydfil in 1999 and spent six seasons with the club making over 200 appearances. He was also the club captain. In the summer of 2005 he signed for newly promoted Welsh Premier League side Cardiff Grange Harlequins but only made eight league appearances and the side couldn't avoid relegation at the first attempt.\n Links: a. Isthmian League b. Billericay Town F.C. c. Isthmian League d. Billericay Town F.C.", "neg": "Question: Was the club that Gregory moved to in December 1980 founded prior to 1910? Passage:He re-found his scoring form in the third tier scoring 16 times 1978–79 and seven times in 1979–80. He moved to Portsmouth in December 1980 and his six goals helped \"Pompey\" gain promotion to the Third Division. He scored 15 goals in 1980–81 but he failed to find the target in 1981–82 and left for Welsh side Wrexham. He scored just five goals in 1982–83 as the \"Dragons\" suffered relegation to the Fourth Division. Wrexham had a poor 1983–84 season as they finished in 20th position but Gregory scored a career best of 20 goals and helped Wrexham to win the Welsh Cup which at the time allowed entrance into European competitions. He played in both legs as Fourth Division Wrexham over came Portuguese club FC Porto but Italian side AS Roma proved too strong. He remained at Wrexham until the summer of 1986 and ended his career at with a season at his first club Peterborough United.\n Links: a. 1981–82 in English football b. 1978–79 in English football c. Portsmouth F.C. d. 1980–81 in English football", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}272{"query": "Question: How long had St Mary's, Lancaster been a city when the original church was created in 1745? Passage:The original church was built as a chapel of ease of St Mary's, Lancaster in 1745 on land bequeathed for the purpose in the will of Francis Bowes, the village blacksmith, who died in 1742. This was before the creation of the town of Morecambe from three former villages; this building was in Poulton-le-Sands. By the early 1800s the chapel was too small for the growing population. It was rebuilt in 1840–41 to a design by the Lancaster architect Edmund Sharpe. The foundation stone was laid on 16 June 1840, and the new church was consecrated on 15 June 1841 by the Bishop of Chester. The church cost £1,288 () to build, and Queen Victoria made a personal contribution to this. As originally built, the church seated 498 people. A south aisle was added in 1866 by Sharpe's successor, E. G. Paley. In 1897 Austin and Paley, (further successors in the architectural practice), added a new chancel, an organ chamber, and vestries, and provided an additional 69 seats, at an estimated cost of £1,160. A Lady chapel was created in the southeast of the church in 1966. In 1995 the church was re-ordered to celebrate 250 years since the foundation of the church.\n Links: a. Lancaster Priory b. Bishop of Chester c. Lancaster Priory d. Lady chapel", "pos": "Question: How long after the construction of the cathedral where Rachel Treweek became the 41st Bishop was she installed there? Passage:On 26 March 2015, it was announced that Treweek was to become the next Bishop of Gloucester, the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Gloucester. Though there had been two women appointed bishops previously in the Church of England, she was the first woman to be appointed a diocesan bishop, rather than as a suffragan bishop. She was the first woman to become a bishop in the Province of Canterbury, jointly with Sarah Mullally, Bishop of Crediton. On 15 June 2015, her election was confirmed during a sitting of the Arches Court of Canterbury at St Mary-le-Bow, City of London. At this point, she legally became the Bishop of Gloucester. On 22 July 2015, she was consecrated a bishop by Justin Welby, the Archbishop of Canterbury, during a ceremony at Canterbury Cathedral. She and Sarah Mullally (later Bishop of London) were the first women to be ordained as bishops at Canterbury Cathedral. On 19 September, she was installed at Gloucester Cathedral as the 41st Bishop of Gloucester.\n Links: a. Gloucester Cathedral b. Gloucester Cathedral c. Province of Canterbury d. Diocesan bishop", "neg": "Question: How many years after the original church was built in 1745 was Edmund Sharpe born? Passage:The original church was built as a chapel of ease of St Mary's, Lancaster in 1745 on land bequeathed for the purpose in the will of Francis Bowes, the village blacksmith, who died in 1742. This was before the creation of the town of Morecambe from three former villages; this building was in Poulton-le-Sands. By the early 1800s the chapel was too small for the growing population. It was rebuilt in 1840–41 to a design by the Lancaster architect Edmund Sharpe. The foundation stone was laid on 16 June 1840, and the new church was consecrated on 15 June 1841 by the Bishop of Chester. The church cost £1,288 () to build, and Queen Victoria made a personal contribution to this. As originally built, the church seated 498 people. A south aisle was added in 1866 by Sharpe's successor, E. G. Paley. In 1897 Austin and Paley, (further successors in the architectural practice), added a new chancel, an organ chamber, and vestries, and provided an additional 69 seats, at an estimated cost of £1,160. A Lady chapel was created in the southeast of the church in 1966. In 1995 the church was re-ordered to celebrate 250 years since the foundation of the church.\n Links: a. Poulton-le-Sands b. Vestry c. Edmund Sharpe d. Poulton-le-Sands", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}273{"query": "Question: How many loses did Felda United have the year Ferns debuted with the team? Passage:Ferns made his debut for Felda United F.C. in the Malaysia Super League with a 2-1 win against Pahang FA in July 2017. Under the guidance of head coach B. Sathianathan, Ferns made a successful contribution, helping the team reach 3rd place in the Malaysia Super League and semi-final of the Malaysia Cup. Unfortunately, in the off-season of 2017 the club was notified it was being relegated to the Malaysia Premier League for the 2018 season after failing the Football Association of Malaysia club licence financial audit. Despite this setback, Ferns and the majority of the squad stayed at the club to help Felda United F.C win the title and secure promotion back to the Malaysia Super League for 2019. \n Links: a. FELDA United F.C. b. 2017 Malaysia Cup c. FELDA United F.C. d. Football Association of Malaysia", "pos": "Question: What club came in second at the 2002 Brunei Premier League? Passage:Duli Pengiran Muda Mahkota Football Club (His Royal Highness the Crown Prince of Brunei Football Club in English, commonly known as DPMM FC) is a professional football club based in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei. The club played in the Brunei Premier League in the early 2000s, winning the league title in 2002 and 2004. The club then decided to play in Malaysia, and joined the Malaysian Premier League as a foreign-based team in for the 2005–06 season. They won promotion to the Malaysian Super League (the top tier of Malaysian football) at the end of their first season in Malaysian football, and then finished 3rd and 10th in the following two season in the Super League. The club then left the Malaysian league and joined Singapore's Singapore Premier League for the 2009 season. They won the Singapore League Cup, but were then forced to withdraw from the league competition five games before the end of the season after FIFA suspended the Football Association of Brunei Darussalam for government interference in its affairs, thus barring teams from Brunei from taking part in overseas competitions. All the club's league results for 2009 were therefore expunged. At the end of the suspension, they re-entered the S.League and won the title in 2015, just after a near-miss in 2014.\n Links: a. Brunei Premier League b. Malaysia Super League c. Brunei Premier League d. Association football", "neg": "Question: How many wins did Felda United achieve the year Ferns debuted with them? Passage:Ferns made his debut for Felda United F.C. in the Malaysia Super League with a 2-1 win against Pahang FA in July 2017. Under the guidance of head coach B. Sathianathan, Ferns made a successful contribution, helping the team reach 3rd place in the Malaysia Super League and semi-final of the Malaysia Cup. Unfortunately, in the off-season of 2017 the club was notified it was being relegated to the Malaysia Premier League for the 2018 season after failing the Football Association of Malaysia club licence financial audit. Despite this setback, Ferns and the majority of the squad stayed at the club to help Felda United F.C win the title and secure promotion back to the Malaysia Super League for 2019. \n Links: a. 2017 Malaysia Cup b. Pahang FA c. 2018 Malaysia Premier League d. FELDA United F.C.", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}274{"query": "Question: What song on their greatest hits album had charted the highest? Passage:In October 1991, Price left the group to perform solo production work, eventually forming his own label, Sun Text. The remaining members released a fourth album called Gorgeous, and after that, did some remix work for David Bowie, Soundgarden, and other performers, before returning with the album entitled Don Solaris in 1996. It featured contributions from James Dean Bradfield, who sung vocals on \"Lopez\", which reached number 20 in the UK Singles Chart. This song was remixed by Brian Eno. In 1997, they had remixed the Mansun track “Skin Up, Pin Up” for the Spawn soundtrack. The song \"Bond\" featured vocals by Mike Doughty from the band Soul Coughing and \"Azura\" featured Lou Rhodes from Lamb. They released a greatest hits compilation album,  in 1998. In 2000, Newbuild was re-released.\n Links: a. Soundgarden b. David Bowie c. Compilation album d. Mike Doughty", "pos": "Question: Which TLC studio album made between 1999 and 2002 sold more copies? Passage:The Very Best of TLC: Crazy Sexy Hits material is taken from four of their studio albums: Ooooooohhh... On the TLC Tip (1992), CrazySexyCool (1994), FanMail (1999), and 3D (2002), and Now & Forever: The Hits (2003), which were all recorded from 1991 to 2003. Their 1993 cover of The Time's \"Get It Up\" for the soundtrack to Poetic Justice does not appear on any of their studio albums, but still appears on the compilation along with the trio's most successful singles in the United Kingdom. These include \"No Scrubs\", which placed at number three on the UK Singles Chart and was awarded a platinum certification from the British Phonographic Industry (BPI); \"Waterfalls\", which peaked at number four on the UK Singles Chart and also achieved platinum status; \"Unpretty\", a silver-certificated single which peaked at number six on the UK Singles Chart, and \"Creep\", which also peaked at number six on the UK Singles Chart after being reissued across the UK and Europe. It did not, however, include \"Dear Lie\", a moderately received UK single which was certified silver. Instead, the non-charting songs \"Come Get Some\", \"Damaged\" and \"Get It Up\" were included in the final track listing, with \"Whoop De Woo\" (a non-album track) and \"In Your Arms Tonight\" (from 3D) the only two non-single tracks that appeared the compilation.\n Links: a. Waterfalls (TLC song) b. Get It Up c. FanMail d. Waterfalls (TLC song)", "neg": "Question: Which of The Cars' greatest hit singles has sold the most? Passage:Their third album, Panorama, was released in 1980. Although it peaked at number 5 on the Billboard 200 and has been certified Platinum, it was less commercially successful than its predecessors. A single, \"Touch and Go\", peaked at number 37 on the Billboard Hot 100. Their next album, Shake It Up (1981), fared better commercially, going platinum by the end of the year and spawning their first Top 10 single with its title track. 1984's Heartbeat City was the band's most successful, hitting number 3 on the Billboard 200. Its lead single, \"You Might Think\", reached number 7 in the US, with three more singles: \"Magic\", \"Drive\", and \"Hello Again\" reaching number 12, 3, and 20, respectively on the Billboard Hot 100. Their Greatest Hits album, released later that year, contained the singles \"Tonight She Comes\" and a remixed version of \"I'm Not the One\", and has gone 6x platinum. Their final album before their breakup, Door to Door (1987), spawned the single \"You Are the Girl\" which reached number 17 on the Hot 100; it was their last Top 40 hit as a band.\n Links: a. Panorama (The Cars album) b. Touch and Go (The Cars song) c. Touch and Go (The Cars song) d. Tonight She Comes", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}275{"query": "Question: What group won the Corporation's Galaxie Rising Star Award the year after The October Trio won? Passage:The October Trio is a Canadian jazz trio from Vancouver consisting of Josh Cole (bass), Dan Gaucher (drums), and Evan Arntzen (saxophone). Formed in 2004, the three met as students at Capilano College while studying jazz. Their influences are cited as being diverse, ranging from Vespertine-era Björk to the Wayne Shorter Quartet to local talents. In March 2005, they became the regular performers at the Rime, a new music hub located in East Vancouver. There, they recorded their first live album, Live at Rime in 2005. The trio released their studio album, Day In, in 2006 and in the same year, earned the title Canadian Broadcasting Corporation's Galaxie Rising Star Award for best new group at the Vancouver International Jazz Festival. The album was also nominated for a 2007 Western Canadian Music award for Jazz Album of the year. After the album, the trio began collaborating with jazz trumpeter Brad Turner in 2007 and released the album Looks Like It’s Going to Snow in 2009. Turner, had previously produced Day In and is also the producer for the new record. The album is noted for its lyricism and rich arrangements. One review notes that \"it easily and off-handedly incorporates funk and rock elements without becoming a collection that is dominated by a backbeat aesthetic.\" The band is also noted for its rhythmic complexity, as songwriter Cole enjoys the frequent play with irregular time signatures and unusual phrase lengths. The trio has also opened for Dave Holland and the Monterey Quartet.\n Links: a. Vancouver b. Vancouver c. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation d. East Vancouver", "pos": "Question: How many times has Jason Bay won the Tip O'Neill Award? Passage:Larry Walker, Jason Bay, Joey Votto, and Justin Morneau are the only players to win the Tip O'Neill Award at least three times. Walker has won the award nine times, and Votto has won it seven times. Three winners—Walker, Terry Puhl, and Rob Ducey—are members of the Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame. The award has been presented to one amateur player, Daniel Brabant. Walker, Votto, and Justin Morneau won the MLB Most Valuable Player (MVP) Award alongside the Tip O'Neill Award; the trio are the only Canadians to win the MLB MVP Award. Éric Gagné, the 2002 and 2003 recipient, compiled a major league record of 84 consecutive save opportunities converted from 2002 to 2004 and won the Cy Young Award in 2003. He and John Axford went on to win the Rolaids Relief Man Award in the same year as the Tip O'Neill Award. Bay became the first Canadian to win the Rookie of the Year Award, which he won the same year he won his first Tip O'Neill Award. Votto is the only award winner to also win the Hank Aaron Award.\n Links: a. Save (baseball) b. Major League Baseball Rookie of the Year Award c. Jason Bay d. Larry Walker", "neg": "Question: Which non-classical Toronto venue that the Annex String Quartet regularly performed at was established first? Passage:The Annex String Quartet, also known as The Annex Quartet, is a string quartet founded by violist Yunior Lopez in 2008 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Named after The Annex neighbourhood in downtown Toronto, the quartet began performing regularly in Toronto's many bars, coffee shops, and non-classical venues like Aroma Espresso Bar and the St. Lawrence Market. In 2010, they made their American debut alongside the Kronos Quartet at Carnegie Hall, and have since appeared in over 100 performances, recordings, and broadcasts. To date, the group's primary focus has been bridging the gap between classical and world music, which has led them to become one of the most eclectic performing ensembles in North America. They have performed, recorded, and ventured into various musical styles, and continue to work with a diverse range of artists including classical pianist, Jan Lisiecki, Cuban jazz pianist, Hilario Duran, and Canadian jazz icon, Jane Bunnett. Following multiple recording collaborations with a diverse range of artists, The Annex Quartet released their official debut album, The Roaring Twenties, in June 2013. The quartet's current work in progress is an all-Cuban album featuring famed Cuban Bolero singer, Anais Abreu. They are currently the ensemble-in-residence at Midtown Music School in Toronto and The Stratford Summer Music Festival in Stratford, Ontario.\n Links: a. Aroma Espresso Bar b. Hilario Durán c. Stratford Summer Music Festival d. St. Lawrence Market", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}276{"query": "Question: Was Forbes or the Guardian founded first? Passage:\"The Lazy Song\" has received generally mixed reviews from contemporary music critics. Eric Henderson of Slant Magazine noted that in song Mars \"paints a portrait of Al Bundy as a young man\" and Andy Gill of The Independent classified the song as a \"laidback acoustic groove\". Tim Sendra of AllMusic said it was one of the tracks from Doo-Wops & Hooligans that captured the laid-back groove. Scott Mervis of the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette described the song as a \"Jason Mraz/Sugar Ray-style reggae.\" Sean Fennessey, a reviewer of The Washington Post, felt the song was written in a \"quality that is both endearing and damning\". A mixed review came from Digital Spy reviewer Lewis Corner, who commented that the song is a \"summery ditty more head-boppable than a Churchill nodding dog, which, given his current state of mind, is probably about all he could muster\", giving it three stars out of five. and from Blues & Soul magazine who called it \"reggae tinged\" and found it to be \"somewhat of a filler but for the likes of Peter Andre\" is great. Entertainment Weeklys Leah Greenblatt considered that \"other modes suit him less well; The Lazy Song is perhaps better left to Jason Mraz\". Alexis Petridis of The Guardian, gave the song a negative review, writing that \"The Lazy Song\" \"gets no further than the second verse before Mars – nothing if not keen to keep his fans abreast of his every activity in a world of 360-degree connectivity – announces that he's planning on having a wank\". Nick Messitte writing for Forbes criticized the single for copying the \"happy-go-lucky meanderings of Jason Mraz's \"I'm Yours\", but also using the same pattern as Travie McCoy and Mars' \"Billionaire\" (2011).\n Links: a. Forbes b. Peter Andre c. AllMusic d. Entertainment Weekly", "pos": "Question: When was the magazine that hosted the chart on which the song  \"Little Bit of Everything\" reached number one firs published? Passage:The album's lead single \"Little Bit of Everything\", written by Brad and Brett Warren (both of The Warren Brothers) along with Kevin Rudolf, was released on 14 May 2013. This song reached number one on the US Billboard Country Airplay chart in September 2013, as did \"We Were Us\", which was released as the album's second international single. in September 2013. \"Shame\" was released as the second single in Australia and New Zealand only in August 2013. The third international single, \"Cop Car\" was released in January 2014. The fourth international single, \"Somewhere in My Car\", was released on 23 June 2014. That song also reached number one on the Country Airplay chart late that year. The fifth international single, \"Raise 'Em Up\" is duet with Eric Church. it was released on 26 January 2015, and became the fourth (of the five North American releases) to top the Country Airplay chart in May 2015.\n Links: a. Billboard (magazine) b. Somewhere in My Car c. Cop Car (Keith Urban song) d. Kevin Rudolf", "neg": "Question: What was the actor that portrayed Al Bundy's real name? Passage:\"The Lazy Song\" has received generally mixed reviews from contemporary music critics. Eric Henderson of Slant Magazine noted that in song Mars \"paints a portrait of Al Bundy as a young man\" and Andy Gill of The Independent classified the song as a \"laidback acoustic groove\". Tim Sendra of AllMusic said it was one of the tracks from Doo-Wops & Hooligans that captured the laid-back groove. Scott Mervis of the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette described the song as a \"Jason Mraz/Sugar Ray-style reggae.\" Sean Fennessey, a reviewer of The Washington Post, felt the song was written in a \"quality that is both endearing and damning\". A mixed review came from Digital Spy reviewer Lewis Corner, who commented that the song is a \"summery ditty more head-boppable than a Churchill nodding dog, which, given his current state of mind, is probably about all he could muster\", giving it three stars out of five. and from Blues & Soul magazine who called it \"reggae tinged\" and found it to be \"somewhat of a filler but for the likes of Peter Andre\" is great. Entertainment Weeklys Leah Greenblatt considered that \"other modes suit him less well; The Lazy Song is perhaps better left to Jason Mraz\". Alexis Petridis of The Guardian, gave the song a negative review, writing that \"The Lazy Song\" \"gets no further than the second verse before Mars – nothing if not keen to keep his fans abreast of his every activity in a world of 360-degree connectivity – announces that he's planning on having a wank\". Nick Messitte writing for Forbes criticized the single for copying the \"happy-go-lucky meanderings of Jason Mraz's \"I'm Yours\", but also using the same pattern as Travie McCoy and Mars' \"Billionaire\" (2011).\n Links: a. Pittsburgh Post-Gazette b. Al Bundy c. Billionaire (song) d. I'm Yours (Jason Mraz song)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}277{"query": "Question: How long had 20th Centuy Fox been established when they signed Holm to a movie contract? Passage:After she starred in the Broadway production of Bloomer Girl, 20th Century Fox signed Holm to a movie contract in 1946. She made her film debut that same year in Three Little Girls in Blue, making a startling entrance in a \"Technicolor red\" dress singing \"Always a Lady,\" a belting Ado Annie-type song, although the character was different—a lady. In 1947 she won an Oscar and Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actress in Gentleman's Agreement. However, after another supporting role in All About Eve, Holm realized she preferred live theater to movie work, and only accepted a few select film roles over the next decade. The most successful of these were the comedy The Tender Trap (1955) and the musical High Society (1956), both of which co-starred Frank Sinatra. She starred as a professor-turned-reporter in New York City in the CBS television series Honestly, Celeste! (fall 1954) and was thereafter a panelist on Who Pays? (1959). She also appeared several times on ABC's The Pat Boone Chevy Showroom. \n Links: a. Three Little Girls in Blue b. Bloomer Girl c. The Pat Boone Chevy Showroom d. 20th Century Fox", "pos": "Question: Which of the studios Hyams worked for was founded first? Passage:She made her first film in 1924, and with her blonde hair, green eyes, delicate features, and good-natured demeanor, was cast in a string of supporting roles, where she was required to do very little but smile and look pretty. She proved herself capable of handling the small roles she was assigned, and over a period of time, she came to be taken seriously as an actress. By 1928, she was playing starring roles, achieving success in MGM's first talkie release, Alias Jimmy Valentine (1928) opposite William Haines, Lionel Barrymore, and Karl Dane. The following year, she appeared in the popular murder mystery The Thirteenth Chair, a role that offered her the chance to display her dramatic abilities as a murder suspect. At Fox that same year, she appeared in director Allan Dwan's now lost romantic adventure The Far Call opposite Charles Morton. The quality of her parts continued to improve as the decade turned, including a role as Robert Montgomery's sister in the prison drama The Big House (1930) with Chester Morris and Wallace Beery, for which Hyams once again received positive reviews. She then appeared in Surrender (1931) in which Warner Baxter and Ralph Bellamy desperately competed for her attention.\n Links: a. Wallace Beery b. Wallace Beery c. Robert Montgomery (actor) d. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer", "neg": "Question: Who starred in Houston's first film? Passage:Houston took acting classes and received her first role in the 1975 made-for-television film Death Scream. In that same year Sheffield Lab released \"I've Got the Music in Me\" a Direct to disc recording by Thelma Houston and Pressure Cooker that went on to become a benchmark vinyl recording for audiophiles. The following year she recorded songs for the soundtrack of the film The Bingo Long Traveling All-Stars & Motor Kings starring Billy Dee Williams and James Earl Jones. In 1975 Houston appeared on the Golden Globe Award broadcast performing the nominated song \"On & On\" and also was featured in a tribute to Berry Gordy on that year's American Music Award broadcast singing \"You've Made Me So Very Happy\". That year Houston's version of \"Do You Know Where You're Going To\" was being set for single release when it was pulled and the song given to Diana Ross to serve as the theme song for the movie Mahogany. In 1976 Houston sang backing vocals for Motown labelmate Jermaine Jackson on his album My Name Is Jermaine.\n Links: a. Direct-to-disc recording b. James Earl Jones c. Death Scream d. James Earl Jones", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}278{"query": "Question: In what city was Adams interned in 1973? Passage:Adams was active in rioting at this time and later became involved in the republican movement. In August 1971, internment was reintroduced to Northern Ireland under the Special Powers Act 1922. Adams was interned in March 1972, on , but on the Provisional IRA's insistence was released in June to take part in secret, but abortive talks in London. The IRA negotiated a short-lived truce with the British government and an IRA delegation met with British Home Secretary William Whitelaw at Cheyne Walk in Chelsea. The delegation included Adams, Martin McGuinness, Sean Mac Stiofain (IRA Chief of Staff), Daithi O'Conaill, Seamus Twomey, Ivor Bell and Dublin solicitor Myles Shevlin. Adams was re-arrested in July 1973 and interned at the Long Kesh internment camp. After taking part in an IRA-organised escape attempt, he was sentenced to a period of imprisonment. During this time, he wrote articles in the paper An Phoblacht under the by-line \"Brownie\", where he criticised the strategy and policy of Sinn Féin president Ruairí Ó Brádaigh and IRA Belfast OC Billy McKee. He was also highly critical of a decision taken by McKee to assassinate members of the rival Official IRA, who had been on ceasefire since 1972. \n Links: a. Ivor Bell b. HM Prison Maze c. Dáithí Ó Conaill d. HM Prison Maze", "pos": "Question: The year that Debeaumarché was transported from Pantin to Buchenwald, which area was more populated during that time? Passage:He was arrested on 3 August 1944 at the Gare Montparnasse, and questioned harshly by the Gestapo at the Rue des Saussaies. He lost consciousness under the beatings but did not divulge any names; he was subsequently held at Fresnes Prison. Debeaumarché was one of the so-called \"77,000\" (named for the prisoners' numbers, between 76,000 and 78,000), Fresnes prisoners who were transported by train from Pantin to Buchenwald on 15 August 1944. He was moved to the underground factory of Mittelbau-Dora which produced V-1 flying bombs and V-2 rockets, and posing as an electrical engineer was put to work in the manufacture of the V-1. Maurice Naegelé, a Kapo in the tunnel assembly section, gained the trust of Debeaumarché by relating details of the resistance movement in France. In fact Naegelé had been an agent of the Gestapo, before his deportation. Naegelé denounced Debeaumarché to SS-Oberscharführer Sander, head of surveillance at Mittelbau-Dora. Debeaumarché was arrested with others (including Naegelé) on the night of 3–4 November 1944. They were taken to the Niedersachswerfen SD headquarters, where Naegelé attempted to beat confessions out of the other prisoners. Debeaumarché was sentenced to death on 11 November 1944, but the sentence was not carried out. Instead Debeaumarché was held in solitary confinement, accused of anti-Nazi plotting. In April 1945 he was moved to Bergen-Belsen, where he was liberated during the advance of Allied troops on 15 April 1945 and repatriated to France. On 1 May 1945 he marched down the Champs-Élysées alongside fellow Buchenwald-captive Pierre Dejussieu-Pontcarral.\n Links: a. Oberscharführer b. Pantin c. Buchenwald concentration camp d. Buchenwald concentration camp", "neg": "Question: Is the college that Finucane attended located in Ireland? Passage:Finucane was born into a prominent republican family on the Falls Road, Belfast. He was the eldest child, with six brothers and one sister. At the start of the Troubles, his family was forced out of their home. He graduated from Trinity College, Dublin in 1973. One of his brothers, John, a Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) member, was killed in a car crash in the Falls Road in 1972. Another brother, Dermot, successfully contested attempts to extradite him to Northern Ireland from the Republic of Ireland for his part in the killing of a prison officer; he was one of 38 IRA prisoners who escaped from the Maze in 1983. A third brother Seamus was the fiancé of Mairead Farrell, one of the IRA trio shot dead by the Special Air Service (SAS) in Gibraltar in March 1988. Seamus was the leader of an IRA unit in west Belfast before his arrest in 1976 with Bobby Sands and seven other IRA men, during an attempt to destroy Balmoral's furniture store in south Belfast. He was sentenced to 14 years' imprisonment. Finucane's wife, Geraldine, whom he met at Trinity College, is the daughter of middle-class Protestants; together they had three children. His son John is a Sinn Féin politician who was elected as Lord Mayor of Belfast in May 2019.\n Links: a. Sinn Féin b. Republic of Ireland c. Bobby Sands d. Trinity College Dublin", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}279{"query": "Question: Which countries constituted the Latin Empire during the Niceaen-Latin wars? Passage:The Nicaean–Latin wars were a series of wars between the Latin Empire and the Empire of Nicaea, starting with the dissolution of the Byzantine Empire by the Fourth Crusade in 1204. The Latin Empire was aided by other Crusader states established on Byzantine territory after the Fourth Crusade, as well as the Republic of Venice, while the Empire of Nicaea was assisted occasionally by the Second Bulgarian Empire, and sought the aid of Venice's rival, the Republic of Genoa. The conflict also involved the Greek state of Epirus, which also claimed the Byzantine inheritance and opposed Nicaean hegemony. The Nicaean reconquest of Constantinople in 1261 AD and the restoration of the Byzantine Empire under the Palaiologos dynasty did not end the conflict, as the Byzantines launched on and off efforts to reconquer southern Greece (the Principality of Achaea and the Duchy of Athens) and the Aegean islands until the 15th century, while the Latin powers, led by the Angevin Kingdom of Naples, tried to restore the Latin Empire and launched attacks on the Byzantine Empire.\n Links: a. Capetian House of Anjou b. Empire of Nicaea c. Kingdom of Naples d. Latin Empire", "pos": "Question: Who signed the Treaty of Sevres? Passage:The intention declared in the royal speech at the opening of the Chamber of resuming the war against Kemal was supported by an official report issued on January 10 of a renewal of the Greek offensive to the northeast of Smyrna and in the Brussa area, and the same day the Greeks occupied Belejik. On the following day the Greek Liberal organ Patris published a letter from Nice, where Venizelos was residing at the time, confirming the Greek statesman's final decision to retire from politics. This decision was naturally not displeasing to the supporters of King Constantine, who a little later found another cause for jubilation when the king of Italy received the newly appointed Greek minister to Rome (January 13). Thus Italy was the first among foreign Allied and neutral powers to recognize King Constantine. But the enthusiasm was soon damped by the joint representations made on the 20th to the Greek government by the British and French ministers in Athens on the transformation of the Chamber into a National Assembly. This action by the two Allied governments was declared to be based on the rights of the powers in question as guarantors of the constitution of Greece, rights which they considered as still existent, since the Treaty of Sèvres, in which they were surrendered, had not yet been ratified by all the signatories. Early in February the Allied Supreme Council invited the Greek and Turkish governments to attend a conference to be held in the latter part of the month in London with the object of bringing about peace between the two countries. The invitation was coldly received in Athens, and was the cause of a split in the Dimitrios Rallis cabinet on the score of wounded personal vanities. Dimitrios Gounaris, minister of war, the real leader of the Constantino faction, who, in deference to Allied public opinion, which had stigmatized him as a pro-German, had after the defeat of the Venizelists been compelled to renounce his claims to the premiership in favor of the less compromised Rallis, after being also refused the presidency of the Greek delegation to the London conference, resigned, bringing about a ministerial crisis.\n Links: a. Rome b. London c. Bursa d. Treaty of Sèvres", "neg": "Question: What were the main groups involved in the event that resulted in the sacking of Constantinople in 1204? Passage:Papal calls for renewed holy war at the end of the twelfth century inspired not only the disastrous Fourth Crusade that sacked Constantinople in 1204, but also a series of simultaneous \"Northern Crusades\" that are less fully covered in English-language popular history, but which were more successful in the long run. Before the crusades, the region of Livonia was a mixed outpost, a pagan society where merchants from the Hanseatic League encountered merchants of Novgorod, and where Germanic, Scandinavian, and Russian trade, culture, and cults all mingled. The specific ethnic groups that intermingled and traded with the Germans, Danish, Swedish, and Russians here included the Wends, who were merchants from Lübeck, the Estonians, the Karelians, the Kuronians, the Lettgallians, the Semgallians (sometimes known as the Letts), the Livonians and the Lithuanians. The Western merchants would trade silver, textiles, and other luxury goods for furs, beeswax, honey, leather, dried fish, and amber. Livonia had been an especially promising location in terms of resources, and Arnold of Lübeck, in his Chronicle of the Slavs wrote that the land was \"abundant in many riches\" and was \"fertile in fields, plentiful in pastures, irrigated by rivers\", and \"also sufficiently rich in fish and forested with trees\".\n Links: a. Fourth Crusade b. Arnold of Lübeck c. Karelians d. Arnold of Lübeck", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}280{"query": "Question: What religion did the slavic tribes follow prior to converting to Christianity? Passage:Slavic tribes settled in the Balkan region including North Macedonia by the late 6th century AD. During the 580s, Byzantine literature attests to the Slavs raiding Byzantine territories in the region of Macedonia, later aided by Bulgars. Historical records document that in c. 680 a group of Bulgars, Slavs and Byzantines led by a Bulgar called Kuber settled in the region of the Keramisian plain, centred on the city of Bitola, forming a second route for the Bulgar definitive settlement on the Balkan Peninsula at the end of the 7th century. Presian's reign apparently coincides with the extension of Bulgarian control over the Slavic tribes in and around Macedonia. The Slavic tribes that settled in the region of Macedonia converted to Christianity around the 9th century during the reign of Tsar Boris I of Bulgaria. The Ohrid Literary School became one of the two major cultural centres of the First Bulgarian Empire, along with the Preslav Literary School. Established in Ohrid in 886 by Saint Clement of Ohrid on the order of Boris I, the Ohrid Literary School was involved in the spreading of the Cyrillic.\n Links: a. Balkans b. Byzantine Empire c. Byzantine Empire d. Early Slavs", "pos": "Question: Who is considered the founder of Syriac Christianity? Passage:West Syriac liturgies represent one of the major strains in Syriac Christianity, the other being the East Syriac Rite, the liturgy of the Church of the East and its descendants. Distinct West Syriac liturgies developed following the Council of Chalcedon (451), which largely divided the Christian community in Antioch into Melkites, who supported the Emperor and the Council and adopted the Byzantine Rite, and the non-Chalcedonians, who rejected the council and developed an independent liturgy – the West Syriac Rite. An independent West Syriac community that grew around the monastery of Saint Maron eventually developed into the Maronite Church, which uses its own Maronite Rite. A variant of the West Syriac Rite, the Malankara Rite, developed in the Malankara Church of India and is still used in its descendant churches.\n Links: a. Council of Chalcedon b. India c. West Syriac Rite d. Syriac Christianity", "neg": "Question: Who established the Preslav Literary School? Passage:Slavic tribes settled in the Balkan region including North Macedonia by the late 6th century AD. During the 580s, Byzantine literature attests to the Slavs raiding Byzantine territories in the region of Macedonia, later aided by Bulgars. Historical records document that in c. 680 a group of Bulgars, Slavs and Byzantines led by a Bulgar called Kuber settled in the region of the Keramisian plain, centred on the city of Bitola, forming a second route for the Bulgar definitive settlement on the Balkan Peninsula at the end of the 7th century. Presian's reign apparently coincides with the extension of Bulgarian control over the Slavic tribes in and around Macedonia. The Slavic tribes that settled in the region of Macedonia converted to Christianity around the 9th century during the reign of Tsar Boris I of Bulgaria. The Ohrid Literary School became one of the two major cultural centres of the First Bulgarian Empire, along with the Preslav Literary School. Established in Ohrid in 886 by Saint Clement of Ohrid on the order of Boris I, the Ohrid Literary School was involved in the spreading of the Cyrillic.\n Links: a. Preslav Literary School b. Clement of Ohrid c. Clement of Ohrid d. First Bulgarian Empire", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}281{"query": "Question: When was the third time that Deng Xiaoping served? Passage:The Secretary-general of the Communist Party of China () was a senior leadership position of the Communist Party of China to assist in the daily work of the Central Committee. The Secretary-general was established at the beginning of the founding of the Chinese Communist Party. However, due to the loss of information during the Long March and the Chinese Civil War, the records of the early Secretary-generals were incomplete. Deng Xiaoping, the second-generation leader of China, served 3 times in the early years as the secretary-general of the Central Committee . The position of the Secretary-general was renamed as General Secretary from 1956 to 1966 and from 1980 to 1982. At that time, the leader of the Communist Party was Chairman of the Central Committee. The General Secretary assisted the Party Chairman and Vice Chairmen in handling works of the Secretariat . Deng Xiaoping and Hu Yaobang successively served as the Secretary-general and General Secretary during the period of Chairman Mao Zedong and Chairman Hua Guofeng respectively .\n Links: a. Generations of Chinese leadership b. Deng Xiaoping c. Central Committee of the Communist Party of China d. Hu Yaobang", "pos": "Question: How long did the period of China when Ji was an official last? Passage:Jiang Ji (died 18 May 249), courtesy name Zitong, was an official and military general of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period of China. Born in the late Eastern Han dynasty, Jiang Ji started his career as a low-level official in his native Yang Province before becoming a subordinate of Cao Cao, the warlord who controlled the central government towards the end of the Eastern Han dynasty. After the end of the Eastern Han dynasty, he served in the state of Cao Wei through the reigns of the first three emperors – Cao Pi, Cao Rui and Cao Fang – and held various appointments in the military before rising to Grand Commandant, one of the top positions in the central government. During his service in Wei, he was known for being candid in giving advice to the emperor on various issues, including consolidating power, halting labour-intensive construction projects, and officials' abuses of power. In February 249, he joined the regent Sima Yi in staging a successful coup d'état against his co-regent Cao Shuang, but died from illness a few months later.\n Links: a. Yang Province b. Three Kingdoms c. Cao Fang d. Yang Province", "neg": "Question: When was the person to whom Ji was a subordinate born? Passage:Jiang Ji (died 18 May 249), courtesy name Zitong, was an official and military general of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period of China. Born in the late Eastern Han dynasty, Jiang Ji started his career as a low-level official in his native Yang Province before becoming a subordinate of Cao Cao, the warlord who controlled the central government towards the end of the Eastern Han dynasty. After the end of the Eastern Han dynasty, he served in the state of Cao Wei through the reigns of the first three emperors – Cao Pi, Cao Rui and Cao Fang – and held various appointments in the military before rising to Grand Commandant, one of the top positions in the central government. During his service in Wei, he was known for being candid in giving advice to the emperor on various issues, including consolidating power, halting labour-intensive construction projects, and officials' abuses of power. In February 249, he joined the regent Sima Yi in staging a successful coup d'état against his co-regent Cao Shuang, but died from illness a few months later.\n Links: a. Cao Wei b. Han dynasty c. Cao Cao d. Han dynasty", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}282{"query": "Question: Which state was Nelson enrolled in school when he was 13? Passage:William Nelson was the third and youngest son of Dr. Thomas W. Nelson (1796–1849) and Frances Doniphan (1795–1845) of Maysville, Kentucky. He attended Maysville Academy (Seminary) and was enrolled in Norwich University at age thirteen. Two years later, Nelson's preparatory training at the Vermont military school concluded when Congressman Garrett Davis secured an appointment for him to become a midshipman in the United States Navy. In the spring of 1840, Nelson reported for training aboard the . For the next five years he sailed the South Pacific under the leadership of harsh, overbearing, and insensitive brutes. Nelson then joined the first class to attend the newly established Naval Academy at Annapolis, Maryland. On July 11, 1846 Nelson became a passed midshipman and the following October, he reported for duty aboard the , the flagship for the Home Squadron in the Gulf of Mexico. At the Siege of Veracruz, he served with Naval Battery No. 5, and on the second Tabasco Expedition, Nelson was a member of the Second Artillery Division. In February 1848, he became acting master of the . At the conclusion of his service, Nelson received a sword for heroism and proficiency as an artillerist. In the summer of 1849, he joined the Mediterranean Squadron, and on September 1, 1851, he was acting lieutenant of the when exiled Hungarian revolutionary Louis Kossuth boarded the vessel to come to the United States. In December, Nelson became an escort for the Magyar's famous tour of the United States. On September 19, 1854 he was promoted to sailing master and the following April 18, 1855 achieved the rank of lieutenant. In September 1858, Nelson joined the for the mission of returning captured slaves to Monrovia, Liberia. Two years later, he was at the Washington Navy Yard as an ordnance officer.\n Links: a. Passed midshipman b. Second Battle of Tabasco c. United States Naval Academy d. Norwich University", "pos": "Question: Are there any universities in the place where Wilfred was born? Passage:Born on 25 June 1884 in South Kensington, England, the eldest child of Henry Neville Custance and Alice Georgina, née Custance. His grandfather was Admiral Sir Reginald Custance. He joined the Royal Navy on 15 January 1899 as a cadet. He was rated midshipman on 15 May 1900 and served aboard HMS Ocean. Promoted to sub-lieutenant on 15 July 1903 he served aboard HMS Foam in the Mediterranean Station between 1904–1905. He served upon HMS Venerable in 1905 and promoted to lieutenant on 15 January 1905. He was the Gunnery Officer aboard HMS Vanguard between 1913–1917, and was having dinner aboard another ship at Scapa Flow in 1917 when HMS Vanguard suffered an internal explosion and sank with the loss of lives of 843 men. He served aboard HMS Vanguard during World War I and was present during the battle of Jutland in 1916.\n Links: a. HMS Ocean (1898) b. HMS Vanguard (1909) c. Reginald Custance d. South Kensington", "neg": "Question: What country owned the island the naval gunnery school was offshore from? Passage:He was assigned as a midshipman on 1 May 1929 after finishing top of his class in five subjects. In 1930 he was assigned to the battleship Marlborough, part of the Third Battle Squadron; and the following year to the battlecruiser in September 1931 on which he served with fellow midshipman, and future vice admiral, Peter Gretton. While serving on the ship, Wanklyn was promoted to acting sub-lieutenant (the equivalent of an army second lieutenant) on 1 January 1932. Soon afterwards he moved to the naval gunnery school - HMS Excellent - at Whale Island, Portsmouth to learn more about naval navigation to qualify for his second ring at the rank of lieutenant. In February 1933 he moved to HMS Dolphin and was promoted to lieutenant on 1 February 1933.\n Links: a. Peter Gretton b. Whale Island, Hampshire c. Naval artillery d. Midshipman", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}283{"query": "Question: Which of the schools where Asswlin was educated has the highest enrollment? Passage:He was born in Saint-François on the Île d'Orléans, Canada East, the son of Louis Asselin and Marie Laperrière, and was educated at the Séminaire de Québec and the Université Laval. Asselin was called to the Quebec bar in 1870 and set up practice in Rimouski. In 1876, he married Théotiste-Malvina-Louise Derome. He served as crown prosecutor for Rimouski district in 1880 and 1881. Asselin ran unsuccessfully for a seat in the Quebec assembly in 1880, losing to Joseph Parent, and then defeated Parent in the 1881 general election. He was defeated by Édouard-Onésiphore Martin when he ran for reelection in 1886, also losing a by-election in 1889 and then elections for the Quebec assembly in Matane in 1890 and in Rimouski in 1908. Asselin was mayor of Rimouski from 1885 to 1887, was school commissioner from 1895 to 1898 and from 1903 to 1915 and was sheriff for Rimouski from 1895 to 1898. He was a founder and director of the newspaper Progrès du Golfe. Asselin was president of the Rimouski Saint-Jean-Baptiste Society. In 1914, he was named a repatriation officer at Biddeford, Maine for the Canadian government, charged with encouraging former Quebec residents who had emigrated to the United States to return to Quebec. He died there seven years later at the age of 71.\n Links: a. Séminaire de Québec b. Séminaire de Québec c. Saint-François-de-l'Île-d'Orléans d. United States", "pos": "Question: where Asselin served as president? Passage:He was born in Saint-François on the Île d'Orléans, Canada East, the son of Louis Asselin and Marie Laperrière, and was educated at the Séminaire de Québec and the Université Laval. Asselin was called to the Quebec bar in 1870 and set up practice in Rimouski. In 1876, he married Théotiste-Malvina-Louise Derome. He served as crown prosecutor for Rimouski district in 1880 and 1881. Asselin ran unsuccessfully for a seat in the Quebec assembly in 1880, losing to Joseph Parent, and then defeated Parent in the 1881 general election. He was defeated by Édouard-Onésiphore Martin when he ran for reelection in 1886, also losing a by-election in 1889 and then elections for the Quebec assembly in Matane in 1890 and in Rimouski in 1908. Asselin was mayor of Rimouski from 1885 to 1887, was school commissioner from 1895 to 1898 and from 1903 to 1915 and was sheriff for Rimouski from 1895 to 1898. He was a founder and director of the newspaper Progrès du Golfe. Asselin was president of the Rimouski Saint-Jean-Baptiste Society. In 1914, he was named a repatriation officer at Biddeford, Maine for the Canadian government, charged with encouraging former Quebec residents who had emigrated to the United States to return to Quebec. He died there seven years later at the age of 71.\n Links: a. Saint-Jean-Baptiste Society b. Séminaire de Québec c. Canada East d. Saint-François-de-l'Île-d'Orléans", "neg": "Question: How long did the person who defeated Asselin when he ran for reelection in 1886 serve in office? Passage:He was born in Saint-François on the Île d'Orléans, Canada East, the son of Louis Asselin and Marie Laperrière, and was educated at the Séminaire de Québec and the Université Laval. Asselin was called to the Quebec bar in 1870 and set up practice in Rimouski. In 1876, he married Théotiste-Malvina-Louise Derome. He served as crown prosecutor for Rimouski district in 1880 and 1881. Asselin ran unsuccessfully for a seat in the Quebec assembly in 1880, losing to Joseph Parent, and then defeated Parent in the 1881 general election. He was defeated by Édouard-Onésiphore Martin when he ran for reelection in 1886, also losing a by-election in 1889 and then elections for the Quebec assembly in Matane in 1890 and in Rimouski in 1908. Asselin was mayor of Rimouski from 1885 to 1887, was school commissioner from 1895 to 1898 and from 1903 to 1915 and was sheriff for Rimouski from 1895 to 1898. He was a founder and director of the newspaper Progrès du Golfe. Asselin was president of the Rimouski Saint-Jean-Baptiste Society. In 1914, he was named a repatriation officer at Biddeford, Maine for the Canadian government, charged with encouraging former Quebec residents who had emigrated to the United States to return to Quebec. He died there seven years later at the age of 71.\n Links: a. Île d'Orléans b. 1881 Quebec general election c. Édouard-Onésiphore Martin d. Université Laval", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}284{"query": "Question: What present day state was Camp Annapolis Junction located in? Passage:Initially called Camp Annapolis Junction, the post was opened as \"Camp Admiral\" in 1917 on acquired for a training camp. The post was called Camp Meade Cantonment by 1918, Camp Franklin Signal Corps school was located there and in 1919, the Camp Benning tank school—formed from the World War I Camp Colt and Tobyhanna schools—was transferred to the fort before the Tank Corps was disbanded. Renamed to Fort Leonard Wood (February 1928 – March 5, 1929), the fort's Experimental Motorized Forces in the summer and fall of 1928 tested vehicles and tactics in expedition convoys (Camp Meade observers had joined the in-progress 1919 Motor Transport Corps convoy). In 1929, the fort's 1st Tank Regiment encamped on the Gettysburg Battlefield. During World War II, Fort Meade was used as a recruit training post and prisoner of war camp, in addition to a holding center for approximately 384 Japanese, German, and Italian immigrant residents of the U.S. arrested as potential fifth columnists. The Second U.S. Army Headquarters transferred to the post on June 15, 1947; and in 1957, the post became headquarters of the National Security Agency.\n Links: a. Internment of Japanese Americans b. Second United States Army c. Annapolis Junction, Maryland d. Annapolis Junction, Maryland", "pos": "Question: What is the current population of the state from which The Army of Georgia returned in mid-May? Passage:On May 10, United States President Andrew Johnson had declared that the rebellion and armed resistance was virtually at an end, and had made plans with government authorities for a formal review to honor the troops. One of his side goals was to change the mood of the capital, which was still in mourning following the assassination of United States President Abraham Lincoln a month before at Ford's Theater. Three of the leading Federal armies were close enough to participate in the procession. The Army of the Tennessee arrived via train. The Army of Georgia, also under the command of William T. Sherman, had just completed its Carolinas Campaign and had accepted the surrender of the largest remaining Confederate army, that of Joseph E. Johnston. It arrived from North Carolina in mid-May and camped around the capital city in various locations, across the Potomac River from the Army of the Potomac, fresh off its victories over Robert E. Lee in Virginia. It had arrived in Washington on May 12. Officers in the three armies who had not seen each other for some time (in some cases since before the war) communed and renewed acquaintances, while at times, the common infantrymen engaged in verbal sparring (and sometimes fisticuffs) in the town's taverns and bars over which army was superior. Sherman, concerned that his Westerners would not present as polished an image as the eastern army, drilled his forces and insisted that uniforms be cleaned, buttons and brass shined, and that bayonets glistened.\n Links: a. Campaign of the Carolinas b. President of the United States c. North Carolina d. North Carolina", "neg": "Question: Approximately how many NSA personnel are stationed at Fort Meade? Passage:Initially called Camp Annapolis Junction, the post was opened as \"Camp Admiral\" in 1917 on acquired for a training camp. The post was called Camp Meade Cantonment by 1918, Camp Franklin Signal Corps school was located there and in 1919, the Camp Benning tank school—formed from the World War I Camp Colt and Tobyhanna schools—was transferred to the fort before the Tank Corps was disbanded. Renamed to Fort Leonard Wood (February 1928 – March 5, 1929), the fort's Experimental Motorized Forces in the summer and fall of 1928 tested vehicles and tactics in expedition convoys (Camp Meade observers had joined the in-progress 1919 Motor Transport Corps convoy). In 1929, the fort's 1st Tank Regiment encamped on the Gettysburg Battlefield. During World War II, Fort Meade was used as a recruit training post and prisoner of war camp, in addition to a holding center for approximately 384 Japanese, German, and Italian immigrant residents of the U.S. arrested as potential fifth columnists. The Second U.S. Army Headquarters transferred to the post on June 15, 1947; and in 1957, the post became headquarters of the National Security Agency.\n Links: a. Fort Leonard Wood b. Second United States Army c. Tank Corps of the American Expeditionary Forces d. National Security Agency", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}285{"query": "Question: In what year was the person born who Lack began learning violin from at age six? Passage:Fredell Lack was born in Tulsa, Oklahoma, the oldest of three children of Jewish Eastern European (Latvian) immigrants, Abram I. Lack and Sarah Stillman Lack (who was a sister of noted painter Ary Stillman). She began violin lessons at age six, studying with Tosca Berger. When Fredell was 10, she moved with her family to Houston, Texas. There she studied with Josephine Boudreaux, the concertmaster of the Houston Symphony. At age 11, she first soloed with orchestra, performing the Wieniawski Concerto No. 2 with the Tulsa Philharmonic. At 12, Lack was accepted into the New York City studio of the legendary violinist and pedagogue Louis Persinger, whose other students included such artists as Yehudi Menuhin, Isaac Stern, and Ruggiero Ricci. She moved to New York and completed her pre-college schooling at the Bentley School while continuing her violin lessons with Persinger. At 17, she made her professional solo debut, playing the Mendelssohn Violin Concerto with the St. Louis Symphony. Subsequently she received a full scholarship to the Juilliard School in New York. She continued studying violin with Persinger there and also was deeply influenced by her study of chamber music with Felix Salmond. She received the Diploma from Juilliard at age 21.\n Links: a. Juilliard School b. Chamber music c. Tulsa, Oklahoma d. Tosca Kramer", "pos": "Question: What modern day country was Lucie Weidt born in? Passage:Born in what is now Opava in Silesia, Weidt was the daughter of composer and Kapellmeister Heinrich Weidt, who was one of her first teachers, along with Rosa Papier. For most of her career she was on the roster of the Vienna State Opera, beginning in 1903 and continuing until 1926. She first succeeded Sophie Sedlmair, who was retiring, and soon began sharing major Wagner roles with Anna Bahr-Mildenburg. She also became known for her portrayal of Leonore in Fidelio, and she created for Vienna the Marschallin in Der Rosenkavalier. For Milan she was the first Kundry. Between 1908 and 1910 she appeared in Munich. During the 1910–11 season Weidt was on the roster of the Metropolitan Opera, singing Brünnhilde in both Die Walküre and Siegfried and Elisabeth in Tannhäuser. In 1912 she was singing in Buenos Aires. She won praise from Leoš Janáček for her portrayal of Kostelnička in Jenůfa at its Vienna premiere in 1918. The following year she created the role of the Nurse in Die Frau ohne Schatten for the same company. Weidt died in Vienna.\n Links: a. Silesia b. Vienna State Opera c. Buenos Aires d. Opava", "neg": "Question: What is the population of the city where Lack was born? Passage:Fredell Lack was born in Tulsa, Oklahoma, the oldest of three children of Jewish Eastern European (Latvian) immigrants, Abram I. Lack and Sarah Stillman Lack (who was a sister of noted painter Ary Stillman). She began violin lessons at age six, studying with Tosca Berger. When Fredell was 10, she moved with her family to Houston, Texas. There she studied with Josephine Boudreaux, the concertmaster of the Houston Symphony. At age 11, she first soloed with orchestra, performing the Wieniawski Concerto No. 2 with the Tulsa Philharmonic. At 12, Lack was accepted into the New York City studio of the legendary violinist and pedagogue Louis Persinger, whose other students included such artists as Yehudi Menuhin, Isaac Stern, and Ruggiero Ricci. She moved to New York and completed her pre-college schooling at the Bentley School while continuing her violin lessons with Persinger. At 17, she made her professional solo debut, playing the Mendelssohn Violin Concerto with the St. Louis Symphony. Subsequently she received a full scholarship to the Juilliard School in New York. She continued studying violin with Persinger there and also was deeply influenced by her study of chamber music with Felix Salmond. She received the Diploma from Juilliard at age 21.\n Links: a. Tulsa, Oklahoma b. Ary Stillman c. Felix Salmond d. Violin Concerto No. 2 (Wieniawski)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}286{"query": "Question: How old was Enoch Powell when he defeated Llewelyn-Davies in the general election? Passage:Llewelyn-Davies entered the civil service in 1940 and served in the Ministry of War Transport, the Foreign Office, the Air Ministry and the Commonwealth Relations Office. She resigned to contest the Wolverhampton South-West parliamentary seat for Labour during the 1951 general election, but was defeated by the incumbent Conservative Enoch Powell. She subsequently unsuccessfully contested the Wandsworth Central seat in 1955 and 1959, but didn't stand for parliament again. With support of those in the Wilson government and the backing of close friend Richard Crossman, who described her in his diaries as \"the real politician\" when her husband was elevated to the peerage, she was created a life peer as Baroness Llewelyn-Davies of Hastoe, of Hastoe in the County of Hertfordshire on 29 August 1967. She went on to serve as a Government whip in the House of Lords between 1969 and 1970, and as Opposition Deputy Chief Whip from 1972. In 1973 she was elected Chief Whip, becoming the first woman to take charge of a whip's office in either house. On the return of the Labour Party to government in 1974 she became Captain of the Gentlemen-at-Arms (Government Chief Whip). In 1975, she became a Privy Counsellor. From 1979 to 1982 she was once again Opposition Chief Whip. From 1982 to 1987, she was Principal Deputy Chairman of Committees in the House of Lords, an office carrying with it the role of Chairman of the European Communities Committee.\n Links: a. Foreign and Commonwealth Office b. Foreign and Commonwealth Office c. Captain of the Honourable Corps of Gentlemen-at-Arms d. Enoch Powell", "pos": "Question: Who was the Labour Party leader when Reg Keys opposed Tony Blair in a general election? Passage:Reg Keys was an ambulance paramedic for 19 years in Solihull before retiring to Llanuwchllyn, Bala in North Wales. In the 2005 UK general election, he stood against the then Prime Minister, Tony Blair, in the Sedgefield constituency. Keys declared at the outset of the campaign that he had been a Labour Party voter and was still basically socialist, but that he was seeking election as a candidate opposed to Blair's policy on the Iraq War. He claimed that by electing him, voters could keep the Labour Party in power but with Gordon Brown as the likely Prime Minister rather than Blair. Former Independent MP Martin Bell urged the other parties to withdraw their candidates as removing a supporter of the war from office would send a message to President Bush and other World Leaders who had supported him. During the campaign, UK newspaper The Guardian's Stuart Jeffries asked Keys, \"Is it difficult to be a political candidate in these circumstances, when you are still clearly grieving?\", to which he replied \"Yes it is. […] I feel, though, that I have a responsibility to Tom. I keep going back to the words of a widow of a man who died on the Kursk […]. She said: 'If you betray your country you are a traitor and you will go to prison. But if your country betrays you, what can you do?' I think I have an answer to that: we can use our vote to get rid of those people who betrayed my son and other men like him. That's what I want the people of Sedgefield to do.\"\n Links: a. Iraq War b. 2005 United Kingdom general election c. Solihull d. Labour Party (UK)", "neg": "Question: What date was the general election that Llewelyn-Davies ran for the Wolverhampton South-West parliamentary seat held? Passage:Llewelyn-Davies entered the civil service in 1940 and served in the Ministry of War Transport, the Foreign Office, the Air Ministry and the Commonwealth Relations Office. She resigned to contest the Wolverhampton South-West parliamentary seat for Labour during the 1951 general election, but was defeated by the incumbent Conservative Enoch Powell. She subsequently unsuccessfully contested the Wandsworth Central seat in 1955 and 1959, but didn't stand for parliament again. With support of those in the Wilson government and the backing of close friend Richard Crossman, who described her in his diaries as \"the real politician\" when her husband was elevated to the peerage, she was created a life peer as Baroness Llewelyn-Davies of Hastoe, of Hastoe in the County of Hertfordshire on 29 August 1967. She went on to serve as a Government whip in the House of Lords between 1969 and 1970, and as Opposition Deputy Chief Whip from 1972. In 1973 she was elected Chief Whip, becoming the first woman to take charge of a whip's office in either house. On the return of the Labour Party to government in 1974 she became Captain of the Gentlemen-at-Arms (Government Chief Whip). In 1975, she became a Privy Counsellor. From 1979 to 1982 she was once again Opposition Chief Whip. From 1982 to 1987, she was Principal Deputy Chairman of Committees in the House of Lords, an office carrying with it the role of Chairman of the European Communities Committee.\n Links: a. 1951 United Kingdom general election b. Captain of the Honourable Corps of Gentlemen-at-Arms c. Richard Crossman d. 1951 United Kingdom general election", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}287{"query": "Question: What types of music was popular in America after World War II? Passage:There is a great deal written in music history books about the period of artistic experimentalism after World War II in Europe and the United States. Much like the period in France after the Franco-Prussian War (Impressionism) and in the late 19th century, the pre/post World War I period of (Expressionism), the post World War I period of Modernism was no different with composers trying to 'write music for the sake of music' and not attaching it to a social meaning or meant for a social cause (see Darmstadt School). The LP City of Glass and the whole body of work from the Stan Kenton orchestra and Robert Graettinger (1947–1953) is a direct product of the experimental American music scene of the post World War II era. Though overshadowed historically by other compositional endeavours in jazz at the time attributed to George Russell, Neal Hefti or Lennie Tristano, Graettinger and City of Glass is important in the progress that was to be part of Third stream jazz.\n Links: a. Franco-Prussian War b. World War II c. Music of the United States d. World War I", "pos": "Question: How much money did Akira Kurosawa's 1961 film make? Passage:While the first game imitated popular Spaghetti Western film soundtracks, the second game aimed to become more unique. Jackson estimated that he changed the music about four times throughout development, from extreme experimentation to classic Western sounds, ultimately blending to make \"something different\". Pavlovich felt that in order to find an effective result, they had to \"push it almost until you break it, and then you swing back\". To avoid imitating the bell used in Spaghetti Western soundtracks, Jackson instead used a mandolin used by the Wrecking Crew. The music team found reference points in Willie Nelson's album Teatro (1998) and the soundtrack for the 1971 film The Hired Hand. Session guitarist Matt Sweeney took inspiration from segments of other music—such as the insistent drums in the work of Ennio Morricone—without being derivative. While researching for the game's score, Jackson found that Morricone's work—particularly on Sergio Leone's Dollars Trilogy—was already a departure from typical Western music of the time, instead featuring sounds popular at the time such as \"psychedelic guitars, lots of noises\", so Jackson felt that he could also take such creative liberties with Red Dead Redemption 2. Similarly, he was even more influenced by Masaru Sato's score on Akira Kurosawa's film Yojimbo (1961), which he felt focused on emotion rather than trying to replicate the sound of feudal Japan, the film's setting.\n Links: a. Western music (North America) b. Spaghetti Western c. Yojimbo d. Western music (North America)", "neg": "Question: What years were World War II fought? Passage:There is a great deal written in music history books about the period of artistic experimentalism after World War II in Europe and the United States. Much like the period in France after the Franco-Prussian War (Impressionism) and in the late 19th century, the pre/post World War I period of (Expressionism), the post World War I period of Modernism was no different with composers trying to 'write music for the sake of music' and not attaching it to a social meaning or meant for a social cause (see Darmstadt School). The LP City of Glass and the whole body of work from the Stan Kenton orchestra and Robert Graettinger (1947–1953) is a direct product of the experimental American music scene of the post World War II era. Though overshadowed historically by other compositional endeavours in jazz at the time attributed to George Russell, Neal Hefti or Lennie Tristano, Graettinger and City of Glass is important in the progress that was to be part of Third stream jazz.\n Links: a. United States b. World War II c. George Russell (composer) d. Impressionism", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}288{"query": "Question: Who won the championship at the competition where Radwańska suffered an upset loss in 2012? Passage:Radwańska and Svetlana Kuznetsova played each other eighteen times since 2007, with Radwańska trailing the head-to-head 4–14. Their first meeting was at Wimbledon in 2007 with Radwańska losing in straight sets. She lost their first three meetings, but in the four meetings that eventuated in 2008, she would win three of them, including in the third round of the Australian Open and in the fourth round of Wimbledon. Additionally, she also defeated her at the year-end championships later in the year after replacing an injured Ana Ivanovic during the round robin stage. Radwańska would later struggle in the rivalry, at one point losing six meetings in a row, including an upset loss at the 2012 French Open, before ending this losing streak at the 2014 Mutua Madrid Open, saving three match points in the process. Radwańska also lost to Kuznetsova in the two finals in which they met, first at Beijing in 2009 and then at San Diego in 2010. In 2015, Radwańska lost to Kuznetsova again in the opening match of Fed Cup tie between Russia and Poland. Their most recent meeting at the 2016 Wuhan Open saw Radwańska lose a three-set, quarter-final thriller after holding a match point in the second set. They met for the 17th time at the WTA Finals in Singapore, with Radwańska again wasting a match point in a three-set loss. Their most recent meeting, at the 2017 Wimbledon Championships, saw Radwańska lose in straight sets, a decade on from their first meeting.\n Links: a. 2017 Wimbledon Championships b. 2012 French Open c. 2008 Australian Open d. Svetlana Kuznetsova", "pos": "Question: In what city does the competition take place where the first meeting between Radwańska and Svetlana Kuznetsova happened? Passage:Radwańska and Svetlana Kuznetsova played each other eighteen times since 2007, with Radwańska trailing the head-to-head 4–14. Their first meeting was at Wimbledon in 2007 with Radwańska losing in straight sets. She lost their first three meetings, but in the four meetings that eventuated in 2008, she would win three of them, including in the third round of the Australian Open and in the fourth round of Wimbledon. Additionally, she also defeated her at the year-end championships later in the year after replacing an injured Ana Ivanovic during the round robin stage. Radwańska would later struggle in the rivalry, at one point losing six meetings in a row, including an upset loss at the 2012 French Open, before ending this losing streak at the 2014 Mutua Madrid Open, saving three match points in the process. Radwańska also lost to Kuznetsova in the two finals in which they met, first at Beijing in 2009 and then at San Diego in 2010. In 2015, Radwańska lost to Kuznetsova again in the opening match of Fed Cup tie between Russia and Poland. Their most recent meeting at the 2016 Wuhan Open saw Radwańska lose a three-set, quarter-final thriller after holding a match point in the second set. They met for the 17th time at the WTA Finals in Singapore, with Radwańska again wasting a match point in a three-set loss. Their most recent meeting, at the 2017 Wimbledon Championships, saw Radwańska lose in straight sets, a decade on from their first meeting.\n Links: a. 2016 WTA Finals – Singles b. 2007 Wimbledon Championships c. 2008 Wimbledon Championships d. 2007 Wimbledon Championships", "neg": "Question: How many grand slam tournaments have been won by the player Alexandrova lost to in  the Rogers Cup? Passage:In 2019, Alexandrova had more success in the WTA Tour. Seeded sixth, she reached the quarterfinals of the St. Petersburg Ladies' Trophy, followed by a semifinal entry at the Hungarian Ladies Open. She entered the 3rd Round of the Premier Mandatory BNP Paribas Open in Indian Wells, after beating World No. 13 Caroline Wozniacki in three sets. She performed not satisfying on clay tournaments, except at French Open, reaching the third round of a Grand Slam tournament for the first time. In the grass court season, Alexandrova made it into the quarterfinals of the Premier Eastbourne International tournament, losing there to Karolina Pliskova. She achieved her best run in a Premier 5 tournament at the Rogers Cup, reaching the 3rd Round as qualifier. She lost to Serena Williams. After reaching the 2nd Round of the US Open and following Daria Kasatkina's 1st Round loss, Alexandrova became Russia's number one female tennis player.\n Links: a. Caroline Wozniacki b. 2019 St. Petersburg Ladies' Trophy c. Serena Williams d. 2019 French Open", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}289{"query": "Question: Who was Rookie of the Year the year after the person Ichiro hit a home run against? Passage:Ichiro made his NPB Pacific League debut in 1992 for the Orix BlueWave at the age of 18, but he spent most of his first two seasons in the farm system (accumulating 156 minor league hits and a .368 batting average) because his then-manager, Shōzō Doi, refused to accept Ichiro's unorthodox swing. The swing was nicknamed because of the pendulum-like motion of his leg, which shifts his weight forward as he swings the bat, and goes against conventional hitting theory. In his second career game, he recorded his first ichi-gun (Japan's Nippon Professional Baseball League) hit in the Pacific League against Hawks pitcher Keiji Kimura. Even though he hit in 1993 a home run against Hideo Nomo, who later won an MLB National League Rookie of the Year Award while a Los Angeles Dodger, Ichiro was nevertheless sent back to the farm system on that very day. In 1994, he benefited from the arrival of a new manager, Akira Ōgi, who played him every day in the second spot of the lineup. He was eventually moved to the leadoff spot, where his immediate productivity dissolved any misgivings about his unconventional swing. He set a Japanese single-season record with 210 hits, the first player ever to top 200 hits in a single season. Five other players have since done so: Matt Murton, Norichika Aoki (twice), Alex Ramírez, Tsuyoshi Nishioka, and Shogo Akiyama's 216 hits in 2015, but those players benefited from 140+ game seasons while Ichiro's 210 hits had come in a 130-game season.\n Links: a. Major League Baseball Rookie of the Year Award b. Hideo Nomo c. Hideo Nomo d. Nippon Professional Baseball", "pos": "Question: Which year did Jason Bay win both the Tip O-Neill Award and the Rookie of the Year Award? Passage:Larry Walker, Jason Bay, Joey Votto, and Justin Morneau are the only players to win the Tip O'Neill Award at least three times. Walker has won the award nine times, and Votto has won it seven times. Three winners—Walker, Terry Puhl, and Rob Ducey—are members of the Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame. The award has been presented to one amateur player, Daniel Brabant. Walker, Votto, and Justin Morneau won the MLB Most Valuable Player (MVP) Award alongside the Tip O'Neill Award; the trio are the only Canadians to win the MLB MVP Award. Éric Gagné, the 2002 and 2003 recipient, compiled a major league record of 84 consecutive save opportunities converted from 2002 to 2004 and won the Cy Young Award in 2003. He and John Axford went on to win the Rolaids Relief Man Award in the same year as the Tip O'Neill Award. Bay became the first Canadian to win the Rookie of the Year Award, which he won the same year he won his first Tip O'Neill Award. Votto is the only award winner to also win the Hank Aaron Award.\n Links: a. Hank Aaron Award b. Major League Baseball Rookie of the Year Award c. Save (baseball) d. Rob Ducey", "neg": "Question: Who were Byrnes' teammates on Modesto A's when he hit his first home run in the Major League? Passage:Byrnes was selected in the 8th round of the 1998 Major League Baseball Draft by the Oakland Athletics. In the 1998 season, Byrnes played for the short-season Southern Oregon Timberjacks, and the Class-A Advanced Visalia Oaks in the A's organization where he batted a combined .357 with 19 doubles, 4 triples, 11 home runs, 52 RBIs, and 17 stolen bases. In 1999, Byrnes continued to play in the A's minor leagues. That season, he played for the Class-A Advanced Modesto A's, and the Double-A Midland RockHounds and in 139 combined games, Byrnes batted .306 with 42 doubles, 1 triple, 7 home runs, 88 RBIs, and 34 stolen bases. Byrnes made his major league debut on August 22, , against the Cleveland Indians. He went 2-for-4 with a stolen base in his first games, playing designated hitter and batting seventh in the batting order. Byrnes batted .300 his first season, with three hits in ten at-bats. The next season, , Byrnes played 19 games with the A's. He hit his first home run of his major league career on June 9, 2001, against the San Francisco Giants. He batted .237 with one double, three home runs, five RBIs, and one stolen base with the A's in 2001. Byrnes played two games in the 2001 American League Division Series against the New York Yankees going hitless in two at-bats.\n Links: a. Modesto Nuts b. Designated hitter c. Southern Oregon Timberjacks d. San Francisco Giants", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}290{"query": "Question: In which venue was the wild card game played in 2014? Passage:Despite having claimed the Wild Card spot on the final day of the regular season, the Giants were able to tab ace Madison Bumgarner for the Wild Card game start. Bumgarner had an excellent regular season for the Giants, finishing with a career-low in ERA and a career-high in strikeouts, finishing fourth in the National League in both categories. On the hill for the New York Mets was Noah Syndergaard, who himself finished 3rd in the NL in ERA and 9th in strikeouts. The pitching matchup didn't disappoint, it took until the bottom of the third inning for the game's first hit and baserunner, with Syndergaard striking out four straight batters on two occasions. The closest either side came to scoring was in the top of the 6th when, after Denard Span singled and stole second base with two outs, Brandon Belt hit a long fly ball to center field which was caught on the dead run by Curtis Granderson, smashing into the wall and holding on. Syndergaard exited after 7 innings, having struck out 10. Crucially as it turned out, the Giants had forced Syndergaard out of the game with Bumgarner still going strong. Another golden opportunity was squandered by the Giants in the top of the 8th inning, when Addison Reed struck out Hunter Pence to end the inning with the bases loaded. After Bumgarner left a runner in scoring position in the bottom of the 8th, the game moved to the 9th with the Mets bringing in closer Jeurys Familia. Brandon Crawford led the inning off with a double to left-center, but Ángel Pagán couldn't lay down the sacrifice bunt and then struck out. Joe Panik worked a walk and Conor Gillaspie stepped up to the plate to launch a three-run home run to right field. Gillaspie had only started the game because Eduardo Núñez was still dealing with a hamstring injury and had to be left off the roster. Bumgarner then got the final three outs, completing the shutout just as he had done in the 2014 Wild Card Game. Bumgarner made 119 pitches, allowed just 6 total baserunners, striking out 6 and setting an MLB record of 23 consecutive scoreless innings pitched in postseason elimination games. With the win, the Giants equalled the Major League record for consecutive postseason series wins with 11, also extending their streak of postseason elimination game wins to 9.\n Links: a. 2014 National League Wild Card Game b. Ángel Pagán c. 2014 National League Wild Card Game d. Noah Syndergaard", "pos": "Question: When did Madison Bumgarner begin playing for the San Francisco Giants? Passage:Despite having claimed the Wild Card spot on the final day of the regular season, the Giants were able to tab ace Madison Bumgarner for the Wild Card game start. Bumgarner had an excellent regular season for the Giants, finishing with a career-low in ERA and a career-high in strikeouts, finishing fourth in the National League in both categories. On the hill for the New York Mets was Noah Syndergaard, who himself finished 3rd in the NL in ERA and 9th in strikeouts. The pitching matchup didn't disappoint, it took until the bottom of the third inning for the game's first hit and baserunner, with Syndergaard striking out four straight batters on two occasions. The closest either side came to scoring was in the top of the 6th when, after Denard Span singled and stole second base with two outs, Brandon Belt hit a long fly ball to center field which was caught on the dead run by Curtis Granderson, smashing into the wall and holding on. Syndergaard exited after 7 innings, having struck out 10. Crucially as it turned out, the Giants had forced Syndergaard out of the game with Bumgarner still going strong. Another golden opportunity was squandered by the Giants in the top of the 8th inning, when Addison Reed struck out Hunter Pence to end the inning with the bases loaded. After Bumgarner left a runner in scoring position in the bottom of the 8th, the game moved to the 9th with the Mets bringing in closer Jeurys Familia. Brandon Crawford led the inning off with a double to left-center, but Ángel Pagán couldn't lay down the sacrifice bunt and then struck out. Joe Panik worked a walk and Conor Gillaspie stepped up to the plate to launch a three-run home run to right field. Gillaspie had only started the game because Eduardo Núñez was still dealing with a hamstring injury and had to be left off the roster. Bumgarner then got the final three outs, completing the shutout just as he had done in the 2014 Wild Card Game. Bumgarner made 119 pitches, allowed just 6 total baserunners, striking out 6 and setting an MLB record of 23 consecutive scoreless innings pitched in postseason elimination games. With the win, the Giants equalled the Major League record for consecutive postseason series wins with 11, also extending their streak of postseason elimination game wins to 9.\n Links: a. Madison Bumgarner b. Brandon Crawford c. Denard Span d. Addison Reed", "neg": "Question: Which team that played in the 2012 World Series has been in existence longer? Passage:The 2012 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2012 season. The 108th edition of the World Series, the series was a best-of-seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion San Francisco Giants and the American League (AL) champion Detroit Tigers; the Giants won in a four-game sweep. This marked the Giants' seventh World Series title in franchise history, their second in San Francisco (they won five in New York), and their second in a three-year period (2010–2012). Their World Series sweep was the first by an NL team since the Cincinnati Reds swept the Oakland Athletics in the 1990 series and the first NL sweep not by the Reds since 1963, when the Los Angeles Dodgers swept the New York Yankees. This was also the first World Series since 1988 to feature both of that year's League MVPs (Miguel Cabrera for the AL and Buster Posey for the NL). The Giants' Pablo Sandoval, who in Game 1 tied a record by hitting three home runs in one World Series game, two off Tigers' ace pitcher Justin Verlander, was named the World Series Most Valuable Player (MVP).\n Links: a. Miguel Cabrera b. 2012 Detroit Tigers season c. 2012 San Francisco Giants season d. Cincinnati Reds", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}291{"query": "Question: What is the population of the city where De Leon lost his title in 1982? Passage:De León, a native of Trujillo Alto, Puerto Rico, first won a world title when faced with WBC world champion Marvin Camel on November 25, 1980, at the undercard of Sugar Ray Leonard and Roberto Durán's second fight in New Orleans. De León outpointed Camel over 15 rounds. After he knocked out Camel in 8 in a rematch, countryman Ossie Ocasio won the WBA world title, becoming the second pair of Puerto Ricans to share world titles in the same division at the same time, after Alfredo Escalera and Samuel Serrano had achieved the feat in the 1970s at Jr. Lightweight. De León lost his title in a shocking upset to former Gerry Cooney victim S. T. Gordon by a knockout in round 2 at Cleveland in 1982, and won a comeback fight versus former world Heavyweight champion Leon Spinks by a knockout in round six in 1983. After that, he and Gordon boxed a rematch in Las Vegas, and De León dropped Gordon once in the first round and once in the twelfth, en route to a unanimous decision win in a history-making bout: De León had now become the first boxer to win the world Cruiserweight title twice.\n Links: a. Samuel Serrano b. Sugar Ray Leonard c. Cleveland d. Samuel Serrano", "pos": "Question: Of the two Puerto Rican fighters that shared world titles in the 1970s, which one had the better record? Passage:De León, a native of Trujillo Alto, Puerto Rico, first won a world title when faced with WBC world champion Marvin Camel on November 25, 1980, at the undercard of Sugar Ray Leonard and Roberto Durán's second fight in New Orleans. De León outpointed Camel over 15 rounds. After he knocked out Camel in 8 in a rematch, countryman Ossie Ocasio won the WBA world title, becoming the second pair of Puerto Ricans to share world titles in the same division at the same time, after Alfredo Escalera and Samuel Serrano had achieved the feat in the 1970s at Jr. Lightweight. De León lost his title in a shocking upset to former Gerry Cooney victim S. T. Gordon by a knockout in round 2 at Cleveland in 1982, and won a comeback fight versus former world Heavyweight champion Leon Spinks by a knockout in round six in 1983. After that, he and Gordon boxed a rematch in Las Vegas, and De León dropped Gordon once in the first round and once in the twelfth, en route to a unanimous decision win in a history-making bout: De León had now become the first boxer to win the world Cruiserweight title twice.\n Links: a. World Boxing Association b. Cleveland c. Alfredo Escalera d. Ossie Ocasio", "neg": "Question: How many more people can the venue at Arena da Baixada hold than the venue in Rio de Janeiro? Passage:On January 13, UFC revealed this event was originally intended to take place at Arena da Baixada (a much larger venue) in Curitiba, Brazil, and feature a UFC Heavyweight Championship rematch between champion Fabrício Werdum and former two-time champion Cain Velasquez, with former UFC Middleweight Champion Anderson Silva in the co-main event slot, possibly against Michael Bisping. Due to a series of injuries, the company moved the heavyweight bout to a separate event scheduled for February 6, which at that time was . This change made the March 5 event a smaller draw, which led to the transition to the smaller venue in Rio de Janeiro. To maintain local interest, the company then considered booking the main event as a rematch between two Brazilian fighters, Silva and former UFC Light Heavyweight Champion Vitor Belfort. Belfort declined the bout, as he wished to wait for the result of the middleweight title fight at UFC 194. This final fall-through is what prompted the cancellation of the event in Brazil and relocation to Las Vegas. On January 27, it was revealed the Werdum-Velasquez bout (which had been moved to \"UFC 196\" scheduled for February 6, 2016) was cancelled entirely. This forced that event to alter into a \"UFC Fight Night\" card, and the originally scheduled \"UFC 197\" event was renamed UFC 196.\n Links: a. Arena da Baixada b. List of UFC champions c. Las Vegas d. Curitiba", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}292{"query": "Question: How many years after he died was the body of Saint Pishoy moved to Scetes? Passage:Paul of Tammah departed on 7 Paopi (October 17, 415 AD). He was buried along with Saint Pishoy in the Monastery of Saint Pishoy at Deir El Barsha, which still exists today near Mallawi. On 4 Koiak 557 AM (December 13, 841 AD), Pope Joseph I fulfilled the desire of Saint Pishoy and moved his body as well as that of Saint Paul of Tammah to the Monastery of Saint Pishoy in the wilderness of Scetes. It is said that they first attempted to move the body of Saint Pishoy only, but when they carried it to the boat on the Nile, the boat would not move until they brought in the body of Saint Paul of Tammah as well. Today, the two bodies lie in the main church of the Coptic Orthodox Monastery of Saint Pishoy in the Nitrian Desert.\n Links: a. Pishoy b. Pishoy c. Pishoy d. Pishoy", "pos": "Question: How many years was the Papal residence in the Lateran Palace before being moved to the Quirinal Palace? Passage:With the increasing chaos and disorder leading to the collapse of the Roman Empire in 476, the popes assumed more and more civil authority first in Rome and in the surrounding territories. Rome became the center of the Catholic Church and the capital city of the Papal States; consequently, a great number of churches, convents and other religious buildings were erected in the city, sometimes above the ruins of older pre-Christian sites of worship. Churches proliferated during the Renaissance, when the Rome's most notable churches were built (this includes St. Peter's basilica on the Vatican Hill (the largest church in the world) and the city cathedral of St. John at the Lateran. The Papacy established its residence first in the Lateran Palace, then in the Quirinal Palace. When Rome was annexed by force to the newly unified Kingdom of Italy In 1870, Pope Pius IX retired to the Vatican, proclaiming himself a prisoner of the Savoy monarchy and leading to decades of conflict between the neonate state and the Catholic Church. This was resolved in 1929, when the Lateran Treaty were signed in Rome, establishing the right for the Holy See to govern the Vatican City as an independent, sovereign state. The patron saints of Rome remain Saint Peter and Saint Paul (or, as they are collectively referred to in this context, \"the most holy Saints Peter and Paul\"), both celebrated on June 29.\n Links: a. Pope b. Paul the Apostle c. Lateran Treaty d. Vatican Hill", "neg": "Question: How long did Cleopatra rule after Alexander the Great's body was moved to Alexandria's communal mausoleum in 280 BC? Passage:On its way back to Macedonia, the funerary cart with Alexander's body was met in Syria by one of Alexander's generals, the future ruler Ptolemy I Soter. In late 322 or early 321 BC Ptolemy diverted the body to Egypt where it was interred in Memphis, Egypt. In the late 4th or early 3rd century BC Alexander's body was transferred from the Memphis tomb to Alexandria for reburial (by Ptolemy Philadelphus in c. 280 BC, according to Pausanias). Later Ptolemy Philopator placed Alexander's body in Alexandria's communal mausoleum. Shortly after the death of Cleopatra, Alexander's resting place was visited by Augustus, who is said to have placed flowers on the tomb and a golden diadem upon Alexander's head. By the 4th century AD the resting place of Alexander was no longer known; later authors, such as Ibn 'Abd al-Hakam, Al-Masudi and Leo the African, report having seen Alexander's tomb. Leo the African in 1491 and George Sandys in 1611 reportedly saw the tomb in Alexandria. According to one legend, the body lies in a crypt beneath an early Christian church.\n Links: a. Al-Masudi b. Augustus c. Cleopatra d. Memphis, Egypt", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}293{"query": "Question: Of the clubs Durkin played for, which lost more games? Passage:Born in Hill of Beath, Fife Durkin joined Edinburgh-based club Heart of Midlothian from local club Hill of Beath Ramblers in 1948, but did not make his Scottish Football League debut until 1951. He remained at Tynecastle Stadium until 1952, but played only sporadically, and joined Dunfermline Athletic in December of that year. In August 1953, he joined Gillingham of the Football League Third Division South. He signed for his new club on 21 August and made his Football League debut the following day in a match against Reading, during which he scored two goals in a 3–0 victory. He missed only one first team match between his debut and the following January, but then missed the remainder of the 1953–54 season. The following season, he could not gain a place in the team, managing only three appearances when key players were injured, although on his first appearance for ten months he scored a goal in a 3–1 victory over Newport County. He left at the end of the 1954–55 season to join non-league club Ramsgate Athletic of the Kent League in May 1955. No further details of his career are known.\n Links: a. Kent Football League (1894–1959) b. Scottish Football League c. 1953–54 in English football d. Ramsgate F.C.", "pos": "Question: Did Swan play in more games for Hull City or Port Vale? Passage:He began his career with local side Leeds United in 1984, before he moved on to Hull City for £200,000 in 1989. Two years later he transferred to Port Vale for a fee of £300,000. He spent three years with Vale, before he was sold on to Plymouth Argyle for the same price. During his time at Vale Park he was selected in the PFA's Second Division team of the season in 1992–93, before he won promotion out of the division in 1993–94; he also won the TNT Tournament in 1992 and the Football League Trophy in 1993 with the club. However at Plymouth he failed to find success, and was instead transferred to Burnley for £200,000 after just twelve months. In 1997, he signed with Bury for £50,000, before he returned to Burnley as a free transfer signing the following year. In 2000, he joined York City, before he retired later in the year.\n Links: a. Vale Park b. 1993–94 Port Vale F.C. season c. Leeds United F.C. d. Hull City A.F.C.", "neg": "Question: Which team was formed first, the team Dave Dunmore made his debut against, or the team he played his last game for the Irons against? Passage:Dunmore joined West Ham United during the 1959-60 season in an exchange deal that saw Johnny Smith move in the other direction. He made his West Ham debut on 19 March 1960 against Blackburn Rovers, and went on to make 39 appearances for the club, scoring 18 goals. He played his last game for the Irons on 4 March 1961, a home defeat against West Bromwich Albion, and joined Leyton Orient. With Malcolm Graham, Dunmore was Orient's joint top scorer in their only season in the First Division. He rejoined York City for the 1965–66 season and was part of the team that finished bottom of the Third Division. His second season back at the club, and his last in League football, saw the club finish 22nd of 24 teams in the Fourth Division. He then had spellls in non-league football with Worcester City, Wellington Town, Bridlington Trinity and Scarborough, and in Ireland with Sligo Rovers.\n Links: a. Blackburn Rovers F.C. b. West Ham United F.C. c. 1959–60 in English football d. Telford United F.C.", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}294{"query": "Question: What position did Park Ji-Sung play for the Kyoto Purple Sanga? Passage:Park began his football career in his native South Korea and played for the Myongji University team before moving to Japan to play for Kyoto Purple Sanga. After Park's national team manager Guus Hiddink moved back to the Netherlands to manage PSV Eindhoven, Park followed him to the Dutch side a year later. After PSV reached the semi-finals of the 2004–05 UEFA Champions League, Park's talents were recognised by Manchester United manager Sir Alex Ferguson and he signed Park for a fee of around £4 million in July 2005. In his time at United, Park won the Premier League four times and also won the 2007–08 UEFA Champions League and the 2008 FIFA Club World Cup. He moved to Queens Park Rangers in July 2012 after suffering a reduction in his number of appearances for Manchester United the previous season. However, an injury-interrupted season with QPR, combined with the club's relegation, led to Park rejoining PSV on loan for the 2013–14 season.\n Links: a. Kyoto Sanga FC b. Guus Hiddink c. 2007–08 UEFA Champions League d. PSV Eindhoven", "pos": "Question: How many total games did Park play for the Queens Park Rangers? Passage:Park began his football career in his native South Korea and played for the Myongji University team before moving to Japan to play for Kyoto Purple Sanga. After Park's national team manager Guus Hiddink moved back to the Netherlands to manage PSV Eindhoven, Park followed him to the Dutch side a year later. After PSV reached the semi-finals of the 2004–05 UEFA Champions League, Park's talents were recognised by Manchester United manager Sir Alex Ferguson and he signed Park for a fee of around £4 million in July 2005. In his time at United, Park won the Premier League four times and also won the 2007–08 UEFA Champions League and the 2008 FIFA Club World Cup. He moved to Queens Park Rangers in July 2012 after suffering a reduction in his number of appearances for Manchester United the previous season. However, an injury-interrupted season with QPR, combined with the club's relegation, led to Park rejoining PSV on loan for the 2013–14 season.\n Links: a. Queens Park Rangers F.C. b. Kyoto Sanga FC c. Queens Park Rangers F.C. d. PSV Eindhoven", "neg": "Question: Did Park play longer for the Kyoto Purple Sanga or the PSV Eindhoven team? Passage:Park began his football career in his native South Korea and played for the Myongji University team before moving to Japan to play for Kyoto Purple Sanga. After Park's national team manager Guus Hiddink moved back to the Netherlands to manage PSV Eindhoven, Park followed him to the Dutch side a year later. After PSV reached the semi-finals of the 2004–05 UEFA Champions League, Park's talents were recognised by Manchester United manager Sir Alex Ferguson and he signed Park for a fee of around £4 million in July 2005. In his time at United, Park won the Premier League four times and also won the 2007–08 UEFA Champions League and the 2008 FIFA Club World Cup. He moved to Queens Park Rangers in July 2012 after suffering a reduction in his number of appearances for Manchester United the previous season. However, an injury-interrupted season with QPR, combined with the club's relegation, led to Park rejoining PSV on loan for the 2013–14 season.\n Links: a. 2007–08 UEFA Champions League b. Kyoto Sanga FC c. 2007–08 UEFA Champions League d. 2007–08 UEFA Champions League", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}295{"query": "Question: Which of the two medical journals mentioned publishes new issues more frequently? Passage:Multi-dose versions of the vaccine contain the preservative thiomersal (also known as thimerosal), a mercury compound that prevents contamination when the vial is used repeatedly. Single-dose versions and the live vaccine do not contain this preservative. In the U.S., one dose from a multi-dose vial contains approximately 25 micrograms of mercury, a bit less than a typical tuna fish sandwich. In Canada, different variants contain five and 50 micrograms of thimerosal per dose. The use of thiomersal has been controversial, with claims that it can cause autism and other developmental disorders. The U.S. Institute of Medicine examined these claims and concluded in 2004 that the evidence did not support any link between vaccines and autism. Other reviews came to similar conclusions, with a 2006 review in the Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences stating that there is no convincing evidence to support the claim that thimerosal has a causal role in autism, and a 2009 review in the journal Clinical Infectious Diseases stating that claims that mercury can cause autism are \"biologically implausible\". The U.K. National Health Service stated in 2003 that \"There is no evidence of long-term adverse effects due to the exposure levels of thiomersal in vaccines.\" The World Health Organization concluded that there is \"no evidence of toxicity in infants, children or adults exposed to thiomersal in vaccines\". Indeed, in 2008 a review noted that even though thiomersal was removed from all US childhood vaccines in 2001, this has not changed the number of autism diagnoses, which are still increasing.\n Links: a. Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences b. Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences c. National Academy of Medicine d. Developmental disorder", "pos": "Question: How many phleboviruses are transmitted by ticks? Passage:The virus was discovered in 2014 by Olga Kosoy, Amy Lambert and colleagues from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Fort Collins, Colorado, in a sample of blood from the case patient. Tests had previously ruled out a wide range of tick-borne diseases including anaplasmosis, babesiosis, ehrlichiosis, Q fever, Rocky Mountain spotted fever and tularemia. During tests for Heartland virus, a recently discovered Phlebovirus known to be transmitted by ticks, prominent plaques, or areas where the cells were affected by virus infection, were observed on one-cell-thick cultures of African green monkey kidney cells. The plaques did not resemble the effects of Heartland virus, and the researchers hypothesized that they were the work of another virus. Recently developed \"next-generation\" sequencing techniques were employed to find novel viral RNA sequences in cell culture supernatants, similar to viruses of the genus Thogotovirus, family Orthomyxoviridae. Lambert, who worked on the sequencing, explained that these \"state-of-the-art\" techniques could be used to identify pathogens that older technologies could not detect.\n Links: a. Phlebovirus b. Heartland virus c. Tick d. Cytopathic effect", "neg": "Question: How often are new issues of the Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences published? Passage:Multi-dose versions of the vaccine contain the preservative thiomersal (also known as thimerosal), a mercury compound that prevents contamination when the vial is used repeatedly. Single-dose versions and the live vaccine do not contain this preservative. In the U.S., one dose from a multi-dose vial contains approximately 25 micrograms of mercury, a bit less than a typical tuna fish sandwich. In Canada, different variants contain five and 50 micrograms of thimerosal per dose. The use of thiomersal has been controversial, with claims that it can cause autism and other developmental disorders. The U.S. Institute of Medicine examined these claims and concluded in 2004 that the evidence did not support any link between vaccines and autism. Other reviews came to similar conclusions, with a 2006 review in the Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences stating that there is no convincing evidence to support the claim that thimerosal has a causal role in autism, and a 2009 review in the journal Clinical Infectious Diseases stating that claims that mercury can cause autism are \"biologically implausible\". The U.K. National Health Service stated in 2003 that \"There is no evidence of long-term adverse effects due to the exposure levels of thiomersal in vaccines.\" The World Health Organization concluded that there is \"no evidence of toxicity in infants, children or adults exposed to thiomersal in vaccines\". Indeed, in 2008 a review noted that even though thiomersal was removed from all US childhood vaccines in 2001, this has not changed the number of autism diagnoses, which are still increasing.\n Links: a. Thiomersal and vaccines b. Autism c. Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences d. National Academy of Medicine", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}296{"query": "Question: What year was the team that Torchia played for, coached, and managed formed? Passage:Torchia holds the distinction of having been the only man who has served as a player, coach and manager of the Pawtucket Red Sox. After he retired as a player in 1974, he coached for the \"PawSox\" in 1975 (under skipper Joe Morgan). He then managed Boston farm clubs from 1976 to 1984, ranging from Class A to Triple A. His first team, the Winston-Salem Red Sox, won the 1976 Carolina League pennant. He skippered the Bristol Red Sox of the Double-A Eastern League for five seasons (1978–82), winning league titles in 1978 and 1981. Torchia returned to Pawtucket as the third manager in the club's Triple-A history in 1983. He spent two seasons there, winning the 1984 Governors' Cup, emblematic of the championship of the International League.\n Links: a. Triple-A (baseball) b. Pawtucket Red Sox c. List of International League champions d. Eastern League (baseball)", "pos": "Question: How many American League teams has Trembley worked for? Passage:David Michael Trembley (born October 31, 1951 in Carthage, New York) is an American professional baseball executive who served as director of player development of the Atlanta Braves in . Trembley has been the bench coach for the Houston Astros, and a manager of the Baltimore Orioles. Before managing the Orioles Trembley was a minor league manager for twenty seasons compiling a 1369–1413 record. He won two league titles and earned Manager of the Year awards in three leagues. In December 2001, Baseball America selected him as one of minor league baseball's top five managers of the previous 20 years. He served as a coach in the inaugural Futures Game in 1999 and also served as manager for the Southern League and Double-A All-Star Games that season. Trembley has worked for the Baltimore Orioles, Chicago Cubs, Pittsburgh Pirates, San Diego Padres and Atlanta Braves.\n Links: a. Atlanta Braves b. Baltimore Orioles c. Baseball America d. Baltimore Orioles", "neg": "Question: Which of the farm club teams Torchia managed had the best record? Passage:Torchia holds the distinction of having been the only man who has served as a player, coach and manager of the Pawtucket Red Sox. After he retired as a player in 1974, he coached for the \"PawSox\" in 1975 (under skipper Joe Morgan). He then managed Boston farm clubs from 1976 to 1984, ranging from Class A to Triple A. His first team, the Winston-Salem Red Sox, won the 1976 Carolina League pennant. He skippered the Bristol Red Sox of the Double-A Eastern League for five seasons (1978–82), winning league titles in 1978 and 1981. Torchia returned to Pawtucket as the third manager in the club's Triple-A history in 1983. He spent two seasons there, winning the 1984 Governors' Cup, emblematic of the championship of the International League.\n Links: a. List of International League champions b. Coach (baseball) c. List of International League champions d. Winston-Salem Dash", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}297{"query": "Question: How old was the Preston manager when he began managing Stevenage? Passage:King experienced full-time professional football for the first time when he signed for League One side Preston North End on a one-year deal in July 2012. Preston manager Graham Westley had previously scouted King several times whilst he managed Stevenage, but felt he was too similar a player to Michael Bostwick, and therefore no move materialised at the time. King made his debut for Preston in a 2–0 victory over Huddersfield Town in the League Cup on 13 August 2012, a game in which he scored the opening goal of the match courtesy of a header. King adjusted well to playing in the Football League for the first time in his career, scoring three times in four games in the opening months of the season; two coming in league victories over Hartlepool United and Doncaster Rovers respectively, and the other in a 3–1 League Cup loss to Middlesbrough at Deepdale. He added his fifth goal of the season when his deflected shot found in the net in Preston's 4–1 win against Stevenage on 10 November 2012. King was on the scoresheet once again a month later, scoring with a powerful shot in a 3–3 Football League Trophy penalties win over Bury on 18 December 2012. King remained a regular feature under new manager Simon Grayson, and scored his first goal under Grayson's management in Preston's comfortable 3–0 victory against Scunthorpe United on 6 April 2013 when he headed in Jeffrey Monakana's cross to seal the win. He played 47 times during the 2012–13 campaign, scoring seven times, as Preston finished the season in 14th place.\n Links: a. Graham Westley b. Deepdale c. Scunthorpe United F.C. d. Doncaster Rovers F.C.", "pos": "Question: How old was the player who signed with Sunderland on September 8th, at the time of the signing? Passage:Sunderland opened the month with a 1–0 defeat away to Manchester United on 1 September, Louis Saha scored the winner 18 minutes from full-time. Roy Keane said \"I'm delighted with the overall performance. It would have been nice to test their goalkeeper a bit more but overall I'm delighted with the players' efforts.\" about the team's display. Jack Pelter signed for Sunderland on 8 September, from New Zealand team Canterbury United, on a free transfer in an original one-month deal. Two weeks after the defeat to Manchester United, Sunderland beat Reading 2–1 on 15 September. Kenwyne Jones and Ross Wallace scored the Sunderland goals in a game which was overshadowed by the tribute paid to 1973 FA Cup Final scorer Ian Porterfield who died on 11 September 2007. Sunderland met Middlesbrough on 22 September in their first north east derby of the season. Grant Leadbitter scored in the 2nd minute to put Sunderland in front, but two ex-Sunderland players; Julio Arca and Stewart Downing put Middlesbrough into the lead. Liam Miller scored an 89th minute volley to save a point for Sunderland. Grant Leadbitter scored his second goal in as many games on 29 September as Blackburn Rovers beat Sunderland 2–1.\n Links: a. Jack Pelter b. Jack Pelter c. 1973 FA Cup Final d. Julio Arca", "neg": "Question: What year was the competition Preston won in August 2012 first played? Passage:King experienced full-time professional football for the first time when he signed for League One side Preston North End on a one-year deal in July 2012. Preston manager Graham Westley had previously scouted King several times whilst he managed Stevenage, but felt he was too similar a player to Michael Bostwick, and therefore no move materialised at the time. King made his debut for Preston in a 2–0 victory over Huddersfield Town in the League Cup on 13 August 2012, a game in which he scored the opening goal of the match courtesy of a header. King adjusted well to playing in the Football League for the first time in his career, scoring three times in four games in the opening months of the season; two coming in league victories over Hartlepool United and Doncaster Rovers respectively, and the other in a 3–1 League Cup loss to Middlesbrough at Deepdale. He added his fifth goal of the season when his deflected shot found in the net in Preston's 4–1 win against Stevenage on 10 November 2012. King was on the scoresheet once again a month later, scoring with a powerful shot in a 3–3 Football League Trophy penalties win over Bury on 18 December 2012. King remained a regular feature under new manager Simon Grayson, and scored his first goal under Grayson's management in Preston's comfortable 3–0 victory against Scunthorpe United on 6 April 2013 when he headed in Jeffrey Monakana's cross to seal the win. He played 47 times during the 2012–13 campaign, scoring seven times, as Preston finished the season in 14th place.\n Links: a. Preston North End F.C. b. EFL Cup c. EFL Cup d. Stevenage F.C.", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}298{"query": "Question: Which of the two shows that are typically classified as being Japanese anime had more seasons altogether? Passage:By August 1995, the station – which would change its call sign that month to WACY-TV – benefited from WGBA's affiliation switch to NBC (due to WLUK-TV, channel 11, joining Fox). With WGBA now committed to NBC and its programming lineup, programs that WGBA no longer had room to broadcast were moved over to WACY, including some syndicated programming (most notably reruns of The Simpsons) and daytime children's programming. With this move, WACY adopted the \"WACkY 32\" branding for its kids' lineup (running roughly 6-11 a.m. and 1-5 p.m.), which over the years would include Garfield and Friends, Scooby-Doo, Dennis the Menace, Pokémon, Sailor Moon and Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog; programs from the UPN Kids and The Disney Afternoon blocks (as well as from Kids' WB as the Green Bay television market did not have a full-time WB affiliate); and educational and informational-compliant programs like The New Zoo Revue. The live character \"Cuddles the Clown\" provided host continuity for \"WACkY 32\" programming. The station's children's lineup would dwindle over the years, thanks in part to increased cable competition from cable channels such as Cartoon Network and Nickelodeon and the decreased financial justification of airing a more-than-necessary amount of children's programming, although it would continue to air UPN's Disney's One Too until the network discontinued its daily children's block in 2003. After that, WACY would rely on general syndicated entertainment and infomercials for its daytime lineup.\n Links: a. Dennis the Menace (U.S. comics) b. Pokémon (anime) c. Dennis the Menace (U.S. comics) d. Sailor Moon", "pos": "Question: How long had the show the most notable animation that moved over to WACY from WGBA been on at the time? Passage:By August 1995, the station – which would change its call sign that month to WACY-TV – benefited from WGBA's affiliation switch to NBC (due to WLUK-TV, channel 11, joining Fox). With WGBA now committed to NBC and its programming lineup, programs that WGBA no longer had room to broadcast were moved over to WACY, including some syndicated programming (most notably reruns of The Simpsons) and daytime children's programming. With this move, WACY adopted the \"WACkY 32\" branding for its kids' lineup (running roughly 6-11 a.m. and 1-5 p.m.), which over the years would include Garfield and Friends, Scooby-Doo, Dennis the Menace, Pokémon, Sailor Moon and Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog; programs from the UPN Kids and The Disney Afternoon blocks (as well as from Kids' WB as the Green Bay television market did not have a full-time WB affiliate); and educational and informational-compliant programs like The New Zoo Revue. The live character \"Cuddles the Clown\" provided host continuity for \"WACkY 32\" programming. The station's children's lineup would dwindle over the years, thanks in part to increased cable competition from cable channels such as Cartoon Network and Nickelodeon and the decreased financial justification of airing a more-than-necessary amount of children's programming, although it would continue to air UPN's Disney's One Too until the network discontinued its daily children's block in 2003. After that, WACY would rely on general syndicated entertainment and infomercials for its daytime lineup.\n Links: a. Nickelodeon b. The Simpsons c. Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog d. Sailor Moon", "neg": "Question: What was the top cartoon on a competing network explicitly dedicated to such shoes at during this decade? Passage:By August 1995, the station – which would change its call sign that month to WACY-TV – benefited from WGBA's affiliation switch to NBC (due to WLUK-TV, channel 11, joining Fox). With WGBA now committed to NBC and its programming lineup, programs that WGBA no longer had room to broadcast were moved over to WACY, including some syndicated programming (most notably reruns of The Simpsons) and daytime children's programming. With this move, WACY adopted the \"WACkY 32\" branding for its kids' lineup (running roughly 6-11 a.m. and 1-5 p.m.), which over the years would include Garfield and Friends, Scooby-Doo, Dennis the Menace, Pokémon, Sailor Moon and Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog; programs from the UPN Kids and The Disney Afternoon blocks (as well as from Kids' WB as the Green Bay television market did not have a full-time WB affiliate); and educational and informational-compliant programs like The New Zoo Revue. The live character \"Cuddles the Clown\" provided host continuity for \"WACkY 32\" programming. The station's children's lineup would dwindle over the years, thanks in part to increased cable competition from cable channels such as Cartoon Network and Nickelodeon and the decreased financial justification of airing a more-than-necessary amount of children's programming, although it would continue to air UPN's Disney's One Too until the network discontinued its daily children's block in 2003. After that, WACY would rely on general syndicated entertainment and infomercials for its daytime lineup.\n Links: a. Scooby-Doo b. The Simpsons c. Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog d. Cartoon Network", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}299{"query": "Question: How many years after it was founded did Harrison graduate from Ontario Agricultural College? Passage:Originally from New Brunswick, Harrison graduated from Nova Scotia Agricultural College in 1922, and, in 1924, from the Ontario Agricultural College with a B.Sc. in agriculture. He earned an MSc in plant pathology from Macdonald Campus of McGill University a year later. A doctoral degree he started at the University of Toronto in 1929 was abandoned due to the Great Depression. He established a herbarium of mycological specimens where he was employed for many years at the Kentville Research Station (now the Atlantic Food and Horticulture Research Centre); most of his collections are now housed at the Canadian National Mycological Herbarium. His early research concerned the fungal infestation of plants, such as that of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum on beans (Phaseolus). Working with John Frederick DeWitt Hockey, they made many contributions to the control and prevention of diseases of horticultural crops. They were among the first to use the sticky slide spore trap to estimate the densities of fungal spores.\n Links: a. Ontario Agricultural College b. Microscope slide c. Phaseolus d. Master of Science", "pos": "Question: Which of the schools where Boyer studied was founded first? Passage:Hebert Boyer was born in 1936 in Derry, corner of western Pennsylvania where railroads and mines were the destiny of most young men. He received his bachelor's degree in biology and chemistry from Saint Vincent College in Latrobe, Pennsylvania, in 1958. He married his wife Grace the following year. He received his PhD at the University of Pittsburgh in 1963 and participated as an activist in the civil rights movement. He spent three years in post-graduate work at Yale University in the laboratories of Professors Edward Adelberg and Bruce Carlton, then became an assistant professor at the University of California, San Francisco and a Professor of Biochemistry from 1976 to 1991, where he discovered that genes from bacteria could be combined with genes from eukaryotes. In 1977, Boyer's laboratory and collaborators Keiichi Itakura and Arthur Riggs at City of Hope National Medical Center described the first-ever synthesis and expression of a peptide-coding gene. In August 1978, he produced synthetic insulin using his new transgenic genetically modified bacteria, followed in 1979 by a growth hormone.\n Links: a. Saint Vincent College b. Insulin c. Doctor of Philosophy d. Derry, Pennsylvania", "neg": "Question: How many years did the Great Depression last? Passage:Originally from New Brunswick, Harrison graduated from Nova Scotia Agricultural College in 1922, and, in 1924, from the Ontario Agricultural College with a B.Sc. in agriculture. He earned an MSc in plant pathology from Macdonald Campus of McGill University a year later. A doctoral degree he started at the University of Toronto in 1929 was abandoned due to the Great Depression. He established a herbarium of mycological specimens where he was employed for many years at the Kentville Research Station (now the Atlantic Food and Horticulture Research Centre); most of his collections are now housed at the Canadian National Mycological Herbarium. His early research concerned the fungal infestation of plants, such as that of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum on beans (Phaseolus). Working with John Frederick DeWitt Hockey, they made many contributions to the control and prevention of diseases of horticultural crops. They were among the first to use the sticky slide spore trap to estimate the densities of fungal spores.\n Links: a. Spore b. Ontario Agricultural College c. Master of Science d. Great Depression", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}300{"query": "Question: What team did Gary Tallon play for the year Boulding turned professional? Passage:Boulding maintained his links with football and trained with Doncaster Rovers, and in 1998 he joined non-league Hallam near his home in Sheffield. His form at Hallam attracted the interest of a number of league clubs, and Boulding was offered a trial by Mansfield Town. He was given a contract by the Division Three side and turned professional in 1999, which brought an end to his tennis career. He made his debut with Mansfield in a League Cup game against Nottingham Forest on 11 August 1999 as a late substitute for Gary Tallon, before his first league game came three days later against Cheltenham Town. He had to wait until his 12th game as a professional to register his first goal when he scored in a 2–1 victory over Shrewsbury Town on 23 October. He eventually finished his first season with six goals with Mansfield coming 17th but 17 points above Carlisle United, the only side to be relegated out of The Football League.\n Links: a. Promotion and relegation b. Promotion and relegation c. Hallam F.C. d. Gary Tallon", "pos": "Question: How many years had Carlisle United been playing football for by the year Boulding went professional? Passage:Boulding maintained his links with football and trained with Doncaster Rovers, and in 1998 he joined non-league Hallam near his home in Sheffield. His form at Hallam attracted the interest of a number of league clubs, and Boulding was offered a trial by Mansfield Town. He was given a contract by the Division Three side and turned professional in 1999, which brought an end to his tennis career. He made his debut with Mansfield in a League Cup game against Nottingham Forest on 11 August 1999 as a late substitute for Gary Tallon, before his first league game came three days later against Cheltenham Town. He had to wait until his 12th game as a professional to register his first goal when he scored in a 2–1 victory over Shrewsbury Town on 23 October. He eventually finished his first season with six goals with Mansfield coming 17th but 17 points above Carlisle United, the only side to be relegated out of The Football League.\n Links: a. Mansfield Town F.C. b. Shrewsbury Town F.C. c. Promotion and relegation d. Carlisle United F.C.", "neg": "Question: How many years had Gary Tallon been playing professionally by the year Boulding turned professional? Passage:Boulding maintained his links with football and trained with Doncaster Rovers, and in 1998 he joined non-league Hallam near his home in Sheffield. His form at Hallam attracted the interest of a number of league clubs, and Boulding was offered a trial by Mansfield Town. He was given a contract by the Division Three side and turned professional in 1999, which brought an end to his tennis career. He made his debut with Mansfield in a League Cup game against Nottingham Forest on 11 August 1999 as a late substitute for Gary Tallon, before his first league game came three days later against Cheltenham Town. He had to wait until his 12th game as a professional to register his first goal when he scored in a 2–1 victory over Shrewsbury Town on 23 October. He eventually finished his first season with six goals with Mansfield coming 17th but 17 points above Carlisle United, the only side to be relegated out of The Football League.\n Links: a. EFL Cup b. Gary Tallon c. Carlisle United F.C. d. Shrewsbury Town F.C.", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}301{"query": "Question: How long had California been a state when Holly Robinson Peete moved there? Passage:Peete was born Holly Elizabeth Robinson in Mount Airy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the daughter of Dolores and Matt Robinson (the original Gordon on Sesame Street). Her mother was a school teacher, in public relations, and later a personal talent manager, and her father a producer/writer. She has an older brother named Matthew Thomas Robinson III. She attended Greene Street Friends School in nearby Germantown. In 1974, her family moved to California. Peete graduated from Santa Monica High School in Santa Monica, California, where her classmates included Rob Lowe. Peete graduated from Sarah Lawrence College with a degree in psychology and French. Peete studied abroad for a year at the Sorbonne, and is fluent in French. While there she sang in Paris nightclubs, including a performance with jazz musician Lionel Hampton at the Hotel Meridian Jazz Club.\n Links: a. Mount Airy, Philadelphia b. Paris c. California d. Matt Robinson (actor)", "pos": "Question: Who starred in Houston's first film? Passage:Houston took acting classes and received her first role in the 1975 made-for-television film Death Scream. In that same year Sheffield Lab released \"I've Got the Music in Me\" a Direct to disc recording by Thelma Houston and Pressure Cooker that went on to become a benchmark vinyl recording for audiophiles. The following year she recorded songs for the soundtrack of the film The Bingo Long Traveling All-Stars & Motor Kings starring Billy Dee Williams and James Earl Jones. In 1975 Houston appeared on the Golden Globe Award broadcast performing the nominated song \"On & On\" and also was featured in a tribute to Berry Gordy on that year's American Music Award broadcast singing \"You've Made Me So Very Happy\". That year Houston's version of \"Do You Know Where You're Going To\" was being set for single release when it was pulled and the song given to Diana Ross to serve as the theme song for the movie Mahogany. In 1976 Houston sang backing vocals for Motown labelmate Jermaine Jackson on his album My Name Is Jermaine.\n Links: a. Direct-to-disc recording b. James Earl Jones c. Death Scream d. James Earl Jones", "neg": "Question: In what California county did she attend high school? Passage:She posed nude for Playboy magazine in October 1999, appeared in two episodes of Freaks and Geeks in 2000, and appeared in the She Spies 2002 episode \"Spy vs Spy\". In 2004, she returned to the live stage (and to Laguna Beach, California, where she had attended high school), starring in the United States premiere of Michael Weller's play What the Night is For, with Kip Gilman, directed by Richard Stein, at the Laguna Playhouse. She starred in the BBC comedy series Broken News in 2005. She also plays Janine Foster, mother of Peri Brown, in the Doctor Who audio drama The Reaping, produced by Big Finish Productions released in the United Kingdom in September 2006.\n Links: a. Laguna Beach, California b. Laguna Beach, California c. She Spies d. Doctor Who", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}302{"query": "Question: How many years passed between the reboot and the original version of the show Power hosted in 2015? Passage:DeStorm comes from Baltimore, Maryland, where he lived with his mother and seven siblings. In 2001 Power moved from Maryland to New York to pursue his music endeavors. After interning and ghostwriting at Atlantic Records, Universal, and various other record labels, Power set out to establish himself as a performer, using YouTube as a platform to share his singing, songwriting, and production skills with the online community. Power's videos are typically comedic, and also often incorporate rapping and beatboxing. He was an accomplished triple jumper and Master personal trainer, and was notably invited to the Olympic Trials. Power appeared as Mr. T in the first season of Epic Rap Battles of History from which he achieved a gold record. In 2008 he lost his mother Mashala to stomach cancer. He moved to Los Angeles, California in 2011 where he joined his manager Sara Pena and started Big Frame, a Multi Channel Network and founded Forefront.TV which focuses on urban lifestyle and music. Power moved on to Paradigm Talent Agency for his acting career then William Morris Endeavor before deciding to go independent. In August 2015, Power hosted the reboot of MTV's Punk'd with co-host King Bach, which aired on BET. He is a founder and President of The Zeus Network which launched July 13, 2018 He's a 2011 American Music Awards honoree and was nominated for five Streamy Awards, winning three. He was Emmy Nominated for Outstanding Actor in a Short Form Comedy or Drama Series in 2018 for his original creation Caught The Series. He also has a son, Tayvion Power.\n Links: a. Endeavor (company) b. Punk'd c. United States Olympic Trials (track and field) d. Emmy Award", "pos": "Question: How many years did the show that Panter design air on TV? Passage:In 2002, White met the cartoonist and painter Gary Panter, better known as the designer of The Pee-wee Herman Show. They began collaborating on light shows, beginning the third incarnation of the Joshua Light Show, which continues to perform. Beginning with a series of performances at the Anthology Film Archives in 2004, the Joshua Light Show performs at festivals, museums and venues such as the Skirball Center, Abrons Art Center, the Museum of Contemporary Art Detroit, the Hayden Planetarium, the Barbican Centre, UC Davis, and the San Francisco Exploratorium. In 2007, the light show formed a relationship with composer and curator Nick Hallett. The Joshua Light Show has also been featured in museum exhibitions such as \"Visual Music\" at the Hirshhorn Museum in Washington DC and \"The Summer of Love\", originating at the Tate Liverpool, then travelling to Frankfurt, Vienna and the Whitney Museum in 2008. The Joshua Light Show's \"Liquid Loops\" was recently included in the exhibition \"60-'69” at the Museum of Modern Art and was acquired by the museum for their permanent collection. In 2014 White collaborated with the artist Guy Richards Smit to create the video/installation/performance project \"The Grossmalerman Show.\"\n Links: a. Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden b. Gary Panter c. Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden d. Rose Center for Earth and Space", "neg": "Question: Who was the last host of the MTV show whose reboot Power was co-host for, before the reboot? Passage:DeStorm comes from Baltimore, Maryland, where he lived with his mother and seven siblings. In 2001 Power moved from Maryland to New York to pursue his music endeavors. After interning and ghostwriting at Atlantic Records, Universal, and various other record labels, Power set out to establish himself as a performer, using YouTube as a platform to share his singing, songwriting, and production skills with the online community. Power's videos are typically comedic, and also often incorporate rapping and beatboxing. He was an accomplished triple jumper and Master personal trainer, and was notably invited to the Olympic Trials. Power appeared as Mr. T in the first season of Epic Rap Battles of History from which he achieved a gold record. In 2008 he lost his mother Mashala to stomach cancer. He moved to Los Angeles, California in 2011 where he joined his manager Sara Pena and started Big Frame, a Multi Channel Network and founded Forefront.TV which focuses on urban lifestyle and music. Power moved on to Paradigm Talent Agency for his acting career then William Morris Endeavor before deciding to go independent. In August 2015, Power hosted the reboot of MTV's Punk'd with co-host King Bach, which aired on BET. He is a founder and President of The Zeus Network which launched July 13, 2018 He's a 2011 American Music Awards honoree and was nominated for five Streamy Awards, winning three. He was Emmy Nominated for Outstanding Actor in a Short Form Comedy or Drama Series in 2018 for his original creation Caught The Series. He also has a son, Tayvion Power.\n Links: a. Epic Rap Battles of History b. Triple jump c. Paradigm Talent Agency d. Punk'd", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}303{"query": "Question: Who was in charge at Princeton University the year Barschall graduated from that school? Passage:Barschall was born as Heinrich Hermann Barschall in Berlin, Germany; his father was a patent attorney who had received a Ph.D. in chemistry after studying with Nobel Laureates Emil Fischer and Fritz Haber. After beginning study in several universities in Germany, he emigrated to the United States in 1937 during the early Holocaust period; though raised as a Lutheran, he had some Jewish ancestry. He received his Ph.D. from Princeton University in 1940 under the direction of Rudolf Ladenburg; he also worked closely with John A. Wheeler. After a suggestion by Niels Bohr, he carried out in only a few days with fellow graduate student Morton H. Kanner the first demonstration of fission by fast neutrons and thorium and uranium. His thesis was on the interaction of fast neutrons with helium. In a paper with John A. Wheeler he reported the discovery of spin-orbit coupling in neutron scattering.\n Links: a. Emil Fischer b. Princeton University c. Jews d. John Archibald Wheeler", "pos": "Question: Who is the president of the school where Messner became an assistant to Edgar Meyer in 1916? Passage:After Meissner’s abitur at the Humanistisches Gymnasium, in 1910, he began the study of physics and mathematics at University of Tübingen. After three terms, he went to the University of Munich as a student of the experimentalist Wilhelm Röntgen and the theoretician Arnold Sommerfeld. After one year at Munich, he returned to Tübingen to be able to study spectroscopy with Friedrich Paschen. While still a student in 1914, Meissner was able to prove the existence of oxygen lines in the solar spectrum. He was awarded his doctorate in 1915, on a thesis with the title Interferometrische Wellenlängenbestimmung im infraroten Spektralbereich. In 1916 he became an assistant to Edgar Meyer at the University of Zurich, under whom he completed his Habilitation, in 1918, with the Habilitationsschrift title Untersuchungen des Neonspektrums. The following year, he married the Polish physicist Doctor Janka Kohn.\n Links: a. Abitur b. University of Zurich c. Arnold Sommerfeld d. Habilitation", "neg": "Question: How large was Princeton's endowment the year Barschall graduated from that school? Passage:Barschall was born as Heinrich Hermann Barschall in Berlin, Germany; his father was a patent attorney who had received a Ph.D. in chemistry after studying with Nobel Laureates Emil Fischer and Fritz Haber. After beginning study in several universities in Germany, he emigrated to the United States in 1937 during the early Holocaust period; though raised as a Lutheran, he had some Jewish ancestry. He received his Ph.D. from Princeton University in 1940 under the direction of Rudolf Ladenburg; he also worked closely with John A. Wheeler. After a suggestion by Niels Bohr, he carried out in only a few days with fellow graduate student Morton H. Kanner the first demonstration of fission by fast neutrons and thorium and uranium. His thesis was on the interaction of fast neutrons with helium. In a paper with John A. Wheeler he reported the discovery of spin-orbit coupling in neutron scattering.\n Links: a. Jews b. Emil Fischer c. Thorium d. Princeton University", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}304{"query": "Question: How many teams participate in the league that Jean-Philippe played in during the 2008-09 seasons? Passage:Her father Jean-Pierre was a backup goaltender at the University of North Dakota from 1979–83. Besides her twin sister, Lamoureux has four brothers. Jean-Philippe is a professional ice hockey goaltender. He led the Lincoln Stars to the Clark Cup as a teenager and played for Team USA in the 2004 Viking Cup. He was the 2008–09 Goalie of the Year in the ECHL, and also led the Alaska Aces to the 2009 Kelly Cup Finals. Jacques was an All-America center in 2009 for Air Force Academy. In addition, he was a finalist for the Hobey Baker Award. Pierre-Paul played for the University of Manitoba, and is a student-assistant coach for the North Dakota hockey team. Mario skated for Team USA at the 2006 Viking Cup and then played for the North Dakota Fighting Hawks before turning pro. Her mother Linda competed in the Boston Marathon.\n Links: a. 2009 Kelly Cup playoffs b. Alaska Aces (ECHL) c. Boston Marathon d. ECHL", "pos": "Question: Who was the coach of the NCAA Niagara Purple Eagles women's ice hockey team when Ashley Riggs began playing for them? Passage:Amongst their numerous team alumni, Ashley Riggs graduated to the NCAA Niagara Purple Eagles women's ice hockey team in 2004, before jumping to the National Women's Hockey League and later the Canadian Women's Hockey League. As a member of the Under-22 Canada national women's ice hockey team Riggs competed in four Air Canada Cups, winning Gold in three of them. Natalie Spooner graduated to the NCAA Ohio State Buckeyes women's ice hockey team in 2008. She has competed in multiple IIHF events as a member of the Women's National Team and plays in the CWHL as a member of the Toronto Furies. In 2008, Jenn Wakefield graduated to the NCAA New Hampshire Wildcats program. After two seasons she switched to the Boston University Terriers women's ice hockey team. Wakefield is a National Team member and has played in the CWHL with the Vaughan Flames and now with the Toronto Furies. Tara Watchorn also graduated to NCAA in 2008 with the Boston University Terriers women's ice hockey team. She made her debut with the Canadian National Team in 2010 and plays for the Calgary Inferno of the CWHL.\n Links: a. Natalie Spooner b. Toronto Furies c. Ohio State Buckeyes women's ice hockey d. Niagara Purple Eagles women's ice hockey", "neg": "Question: Which competition has been held more times, the one that Jean-Philippe led the Lincoln Stars to as a teenager, or the one in which he played for Team USA in 2004? Passage:Her father Jean-Pierre was a backup goaltender at the University of North Dakota from 1979–83. Besides her twin sister, Lamoureux has four brothers. Jean-Philippe is a professional ice hockey goaltender. He led the Lincoln Stars to the Clark Cup as a teenager and played for Team USA in the 2004 Viking Cup. He was the 2008–09 Goalie of the Year in the ECHL, and also led the Alaska Aces to the 2009 Kelly Cup Finals. Jacques was an All-America center in 2009 for Air Force Academy. In addition, he was a finalist for the Hobey Baker Award. Pierre-Paul played for the University of Manitoba, and is a student-assistant coach for the North Dakota hockey team. Mario skated for Team USA at the 2006 Viking Cup and then played for the North Dakota Fighting Hawks before turning pro. Her mother Linda competed in the Boston Marathon.\n Links: a. Viking Cup b. List of USHL Champions c. Boston Marathon d. Viking Cup", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}305{"query": "Question: What team did the captain that left Stoke in 2007 go to? Passage:He joined fellow Championship side Stoke City for a £225,000 fee in August 2006. He was made captain when Michael Duberry left in January 2007 and Stoke went on to narrowly miss out on a play-off place. With Stoke not being promoted Higginbotham again decided to hand in a transfer request to help force through a move to Sunderland. He spent one season at the Stadium of Light before returning to Stoke in 2008. He became a vital member of Tony Pulis' squad as Stoke established themselves in the Premier League. He scored the winning goal in the FA Cup quarter-final against West Ham United but missed out on both the semi-final and the final due to a knee injury. After his recovery he struggled to force his way back into the side and spent time out on loan to Nottingham Forest and Ipswich Town before joining Sheffield United on a free transfer in January 2013. After eight months at Bramall Lane, he left to join Conference Premier side Chester before ending his career with a short spell at Altrincham.\n Links: a. Captain (association football) b. Stoke City F.C. c. 2010–11 FA Cup d. Michael Duberry", "pos": "Question: Which of the two Stevenage players who were first transferred out during 2011-2012 season was born first? Passage:Ahead of the club's first season in League One, Westley adopted the same \"five in, five out\" transfer policy as he had done for the two previous seasons. Strikers Yemi Odubade and Charlie Griffin were the first to leave having been loaned out for much of the previous campaign, joining Conference National sides Gateshead and Forest Green Rovers respectively. Second choice goalkeeper Ashley Bayes opted to leave the club in order to play first-team football at Conference South club Basingstoke Town. Luke Foster and David Bridges also opted to leave Stevenage ahead of the season, both on free transfers, with Foster signing for Rotherham United, and Bridges for his former club, Kettering Town. Stevenage's first signing of the season was striker Guy Madjo, who joined on a free transfer from Albanian Superliga side KS Bylis Ballsh. Former Stevenage goalkeeper Alan Julian re-joined the club following his release by Gillingham, while Phil Edwards rejected a contract extension at Accrington Stanley in order to join the Hertfordshire club on a free transfer. Midfielders Jennison Myrie-Williams and Robin Shroot also signed on free transfers following successful trial periods with the club. In terms of transfers during the 2011–12 campaign, striker Don Cowan joined the club from Longford Town for an undisclosed fee in August 2011, and winger Luke Freeman signed from Arsenal in January 2012, after a successful three-month loan spell with the club. Strikers Byron Harrison and Guy Madjo both departed in January 2012, signing for League Two sides AFC Wimbledon and Aldershot Town for respective undisclosed fees.\n Links: a. Jennison Myrie-Williams b. KF Bylis c. Robin Shroot d. Yemi Odubade", "neg": "Question: How many games did Higginbotham play for the team he ended his career with? Passage:He joined fellow Championship side Stoke City for a £225,000 fee in August 2006. He was made captain when Michael Duberry left in January 2007 and Stoke went on to narrowly miss out on a play-off place. With Stoke not being promoted Higginbotham again decided to hand in a transfer request to help force through a move to Sunderland. He spent one season at the Stadium of Light before returning to Stoke in 2008. He became a vital member of Tony Pulis' squad as Stoke established themselves in the Premier League. He scored the winning goal in the FA Cup quarter-final against West Ham United but missed out on both the semi-final and the final due to a knee injury. After his recovery he struggled to force his way back into the side and spent time out on loan to Nottingham Forest and Ipswich Town before joining Sheffield United on a free transfer in January 2013. After eight months at Bramall Lane, he left to join Conference Premier side Chester before ending his career with a short spell at Altrincham.\n Links: a. Altrincham F.C. b. Captain (association football) c. Stoke City F.C. d. Altrincham F.C.", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}306{"query": "Question: Was Michael and Ralf Schumacher related? Passage:Specific attractions include the world's only complete collection of Vanwall cars, a near-complete collection of McLaren Formula One cars from the team's inception to the early 2000s, and extensive collections of Williams and BRM cars (including examples of both notorious BRM V16-powered machines as well as the H16-powered BRM P83). The collection also has examples of four different four-wheel drive Formula One cars, including an unraced Cosworth car. Another star exhibit is the Lotus 18 with which Stirling Moss won the 1961 Monaco Grand Prix, along with Jim Clark's World Championship-winning Lotus 25. Noticeable, however, is the distinct lack of Ferrari vehicles, 3 in all, but fine examples nonetheless. First being a Ferrari 312 driven by Chris Amon, second a 312B and thirdly, a Ferrari F2000 (The particular chassis driven to victory in the 2000 Canadian Grand Prix, one of nine victories for Michael Schumacher in his maiden championship winning series with Ferrari), conversely, the establishment houses the Jordan 191 in which he made his formula 1 debut in 1991. The 1998 Jordan 198, the most successful in Jordan's history, (the chassis being the one Damon Hill drove to victory in a 1-2 with team mate Ralf Schumacher at the 1998 Belgian Grand Prix at Spa Francorchamps) also figures. Another interesting exhibit is an Auto Union, built from pre-war plans following the factory's destruction by Allied bombing during World War II. Wheatcroft has also supplemented the racing car collection with some additional notable cars, including a replica of the personal Bugatti Royale of Ettore Bugatti.\n Links: a. Jim Clark b. Ralf Schumacher c. Ralf Schumacher d. V16 engine", "pos": "Question: What was Michael Schumacher's first forumula 1 race? Passage:Specific attractions include the world's only complete collection of Vanwall cars, a near-complete collection of McLaren Formula One cars from the team's inception to the early 2000s, and extensive collections of Williams and BRM cars (including examples of both notorious BRM V16-powered machines as well as the H16-powered BRM P83). The collection also has examples of four different four-wheel drive Formula One cars, including an unraced Cosworth car. Another star exhibit is the Lotus 18 with which Stirling Moss won the 1961 Monaco Grand Prix, along with Jim Clark's World Championship-winning Lotus 25. Noticeable, however, is the distinct lack of Ferrari vehicles, 3 in all, but fine examples nonetheless. First being a Ferrari 312 driven by Chris Amon, second a 312B and thirdly, a Ferrari F2000 (The particular chassis driven to victory in the 2000 Canadian Grand Prix, one of nine victories for Michael Schumacher in his maiden championship winning series with Ferrari), conversely, the establishment houses the Jordan 191 in which he made his formula 1 debut in 1991. The 1998 Jordan 198, the most successful in Jordan's history, (the chassis being the one Damon Hill drove to victory in a 1-2 with team mate Ralf Schumacher at the 1998 Belgian Grand Prix at Spa Francorchamps) also figures. Another interesting exhibit is an Auto Union, built from pre-war plans following the factory's destruction by Allied bombing during World War II. Wheatcroft has also supplemented the racing car collection with some additional notable cars, including a replica of the personal Bugatti Royale of Ettore Bugatti.\n Links: a. Ralf Schumacher b. Michael Schumacher c. World War II d. Lotus 25", "neg": "Question: In what year did Jim Clark win Formula One championships? Passage:Specific attractions include the world's only complete collection of Vanwall cars, a near-complete collection of McLaren Formula One cars from the team's inception to the early 2000s, and extensive collections of Williams and BRM cars (including examples of both notorious BRM V16-powered machines as well as the H16-powered BRM P83). The collection also has examples of four different four-wheel drive Formula One cars, including an unraced Cosworth car. Another star exhibit is the Lotus 18 with which Stirling Moss won the 1961 Monaco Grand Prix, along with Jim Clark's World Championship-winning Lotus 25. Noticeable, however, is the distinct lack of Ferrari vehicles, 3 in all, but fine examples nonetheless. First being a Ferrari 312 driven by Chris Amon, second a 312B and thirdly, a Ferrari F2000 (The particular chassis driven to victory in the 2000 Canadian Grand Prix, one of nine victories for Michael Schumacher in his maiden championship winning series with Ferrari), conversely, the establishment houses the Jordan 191 in which he made his formula 1 debut in 1991. The 1998 Jordan 198, the most successful in Jordan's history, (the chassis being the one Damon Hill drove to victory in a 1-2 with team mate Ralf Schumacher at the 1998 Belgian Grand Prix at Spa Francorchamps) also figures. Another interesting exhibit is an Auto Union, built from pre-war plans following the factory's destruction by Allied bombing during World War II. Wheatcroft has also supplemented the racing car collection with some additional notable cars, including a replica of the personal Bugatti Royale of Ettore Bugatti.\n Links: a. Allies of World War II b. Four-wheel drive c. Michael Schumacher d. Jim Clark", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}307{"query": "Question: How many teams played in the Malaysia Premier League the year Ferns made his debut for Felda United? Passage:Ferns made his debut for Felda United F.C. in the Malaysia Super League with a 2-1 win against Pahang FA in July 2017. Under the guidance of head coach B. Sathianathan, Ferns made a successful contribution, helping the team reach 3rd place in the Malaysia Super League and semi-final of the Malaysia Cup. Unfortunately, in the off-season of 2017 the club was notified it was being relegated to the Malaysia Premier League for the 2018 season after failing the Football Association of Malaysia club licence financial audit. Despite this setback, Ferns and the majority of the squad stayed at the club to help Felda United F.C win the title and secure promotion back to the Malaysia Super League for 2019. \n Links: a. FELDA United F.C. b. 2018 Felda United F.C. season c. 2018 Malaysia Premier League d. 2018 Malaysia Premier League", "pos": "Question: What is the home stadium of the team that Faraki was manager of that he led to promotion? Passage:During Branko Ivankovic's time as Team Melli manager, Faraki was the assistant manager. He was also the head coach of the Iran national under-23 football team from 2003 till 2006. He was manager of Kaveh Tehran which led the club to promotion to the Azadegan League. He was appointed as head coach of Naft Tehran on 1 July 2010 and secured the team from relegation in his first season at the club. At the second season, he led the club to the 5th place, which was their best league end until 2014. He not renewed his contract with the team and signed a two years contract with Foolad on 5 June 2012. He led Foolad to the AFC Champions League for the second time since 2006 after they finished 4th in 2012–13. In 2013–14 season, Faraki's side won the league, finishing the season with 57 points, two more from runners-up Persepolis. He resigned as Foolad's manager at the end of the season because he needs an imminent knee operation.\n Links: a. 2012–13 Persian Gulf Cup b. Branko Ivanković c. Sanati Kaveh Tehran F.C. d. Persepolis F.C.", "neg": "Question: How many teams were part of the Malaysia Super League the year Ferns made his debut? Passage:Ferns made his debut for Felda United F.C. in the Malaysia Super League with a 2-1 win against Pahang FA in July 2017. Under the guidance of head coach B. Sathianathan, Ferns made a successful contribution, helping the team reach 3rd place in the Malaysia Super League and semi-final of the Malaysia Cup. Unfortunately, in the off-season of 2017 the club was notified it was being relegated to the Malaysia Premier League for the 2018 season after failing the Football Association of Malaysia club licence financial audit. Despite this setback, Ferns and the majority of the squad stayed at the club to help Felda United F.C win the title and secure promotion back to the Malaysia Super League for 2019. \n Links: a. 2017 Malaysia Cup b. Malaysia Super League c. 2018 Malaysia Super League d. 2018 Felda United F.C. season", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}308{"query": "Question: How old was James Illingworth's replacement as Commander when he took that position? Passage:Educated at Wellington College, Berkshire, and the University of Leicester, Illingworth was commissioned into the Army Air Corps in 1989. He became commanding officer of No. 657 Squadron AAC in August 2001 and went on to be a staff officer in the Directorate of Joint Commitments at the Ministry of Defence in 2003, Deputy Commander, Joint Helicopter Command in December 2010 and senior military attaché at the British Defence Staff – US in Washington, D.C. in August 2013. He then became Deputy Commander, 1st (United Kingdom) Division in August 2016 and Commander, British Forces Cyprus in February 2017. llingworth was replaced by Major General Robert Thomson on 25 September 2019. Illingworth was appointed Director Land Warfare Centre in October 2019.\n Links: a. 1st (United Kingdom) Division b. Robert Thomson (British Army officer) c. Joint Helicopter Command d. University of Leicester", "pos": "Question: Of the two educational institutions James Illingworth attended, what year was the oldest established? Passage:Educated at Wellington College, Berkshire, and the University of Leicester, Illingworth was commissioned into the Army Air Corps in 1989. He became commanding officer of No. 657 Squadron AAC in August 2001 and went on to be a staff officer in the Directorate of Joint Commitments at the Ministry of Defence in 2003, Deputy Commander, Joint Helicopter Command in December 2010 and senior military attaché at the British Defence Staff – US in Washington, D.C. in August 2013. He then became Deputy Commander, 1st (United Kingdom) Division in August 2016 and Commander, British Forces Cyprus in February 2017. llingworth was replaced by Major General Robert Thomson on 25 September 2019. Illingworth was appointed Director Land Warfare Centre in October 2019.\n Links: a. Washington, D.C. b. Wellington College, Berkshire c. British Defence Staff – US d. University of Leicester", "neg": "Question: How old was Stanford's successor who took over his battalion when that successor was killed in Afghanistan? Passage:Stanford was commissioned into the Welsh Guards in 1987 and saw active service during the Troubles in Northern Ireland for which he was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire in October 1993. He went on to become commanding officer of 1st Battalion the Welsh Guards in which capacity he was deployed to Bosnia and Herzegovina on peace keeping duties in 2006. He was the Field Officer in Brigade Waiting and commanded the parade in Trooping the Colour 2007. In 2009 he was succeeded by Rupert Thorneloe just prior to the battalion's deployment to Afghanistan and the latter was killed in action during Operation Panther's Claw. He saw active service during the Iraq War when he served as an advisor to the Head of the Iraqi Army in 2009. He became Chief of Joint Fires and Influence Branch at Headquarters Allied Rapid Reaction Corps in March 2012 and General Officer Commanding Support Command in June 2015. He became Senior British Loan Services Officer, Oman in October 2017.\n Links: a. Rupert Thorneloe b. Order of the British Empire c. Regional Command (British Army) d. Allied Rapid Reaction Corps", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}309{"query": "Question: Was Fraser born in the United Kingdoms? Passage:Fraser was born on 10 May 1947 in Surbiton, Surrey, the second son of Harry MacKenzie Fraser, a London solicitor, and Ada Alice Gittins of Pontypool in the county of Monmouthshire. His brother was Malcolm Fraser (1939–2012), Emeritus Professor of Opera at the University of Cincinnati and co-founder of the Buxton Festival. At the age of eight, Robert Fraser won a choral scholarship to Winchester Cathedral, where he sang the daily services while studying at the Pilgrims School in the Close. Among his fellow choristers were the future newscaster Jon Snow and international tenor Julian Pike. After attending Kingston Grammar School Fraser went on to the University of Sussex to read English with David Daiches and Anthony Nuttall. He later wrote a doctorate on tradition in English poetry at Royal Holloway, University of London where the college's famous gallery of Victorian paintings was to inspire his illustrated volume of poetry The Founders’ Gift: Impressions from a Collection (2017). Simultaneously with his doctorate he studied Harmony, Counterpoint and Composition at Morley College with Melanie Daiken and James Iliff.\n Links: a. Anthony Nuttall b. University of Sussex c. David Daiches d. Surbiton", "pos": "Question: Which school that Robert Fraser attended after he left Kingston Grammar School was found first? Passage:Fraser was born on 10 May 1947 in Surbiton, Surrey, the second son of Harry MacKenzie Fraser, a London solicitor, and Ada Alice Gittins of Pontypool in the county of Monmouthshire. His brother was Malcolm Fraser (1939–2012), Emeritus Professor of Opera at the University of Cincinnati and co-founder of the Buxton Festival. At the age of eight, Robert Fraser won a choral scholarship to Winchester Cathedral, where he sang the daily services while studying at the Pilgrims School in the Close. Among his fellow choristers were the future newscaster Jon Snow and international tenor Julian Pike. After attending Kingston Grammar School Fraser went on to the University of Sussex to read English with David Daiches and Anthony Nuttall. He later wrote a doctorate on tradition in English poetry at Royal Holloway, University of London where the college's famous gallery of Victorian paintings was to inspire his illustrated volume of poetry The Founders’ Gift: Impressions from a Collection (2017). Simultaneously with his doctorate he studied Harmony, Counterpoint and Composition at Morley College with Melanie Daiken and James Iliff.\n Links: a. University of Sussex b. Surbiton c. Winchester Cathedral d. Kingston Grammar School", "neg": "Question: Did Miller go to college in Ireland? Passage:He was born John Miller in County Clare, Ireland. His father was John Miller and his mother, John's wife, Anne née Browne. He was educated at Dalston School and Eton College before joining the British Army in 1760 as a cornet. He was on active service in the Battle of Emsdorf and at Belleisle, France in 1761, before retiring from the army in 1763. He was admitted to study at the Middle Temple in 1765, though does not seem to have made any progress with his legal studies. He also studied at Trinity Hall, Cambridge, though he did not graduate. In August 1765 he married Anna née Riggs (1741–1781), adding her name to his own. They had a son and a daughter. In July 1762 he inherited his family estates; they were worth little, but his wife brought substantial wealth to the marriage, enabling him to build a prestigious house at Batheaston, Somerset. The couple there held a fortnightly literary salon along with competitions and prizes. The prizes were drawn from an ornately decorated Roman vase and the affair was mocked as Lady Miller's Vase, though that did not dissuade distinguished contributions from the like of David Garrick and Christopher Anstey. In 1778 he was created a Baronet, of Ballicasey in the County of Clare. Anna died on 24 June 1781; on 9 September 1795 he married Jane née Sell, widow of Sir Thomas Davenport. He was elected Member of Parliament for Newport, Cornwall in 1784.\n Links: a. Eton College b. Eton College c. Vase d. Eton College", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}310{"query": "Question: Was the writer of the spec script of Bad Times at the El Royale born before the two leads who were cast for the film on August 23, 2017? Passage:On March 8, 2017, it was announced that 20th Century Fox had bought the spec script Bad Times at the El Royale, written by Drew Goddard, who would also direct and produce the film. On August 23, 2017, Chris Hemsworth and Jeff Bridges were cast in the 1960s-set film, to play two among the several characters who collide at the El Royale hotel, near California's Lake Tahoe. That same day, it was also reported that Tom Holland had passed on a role, and that Beyoncé was being courted for the role of a Black vocalist. It was also revealed that main roles in the ensemble would include a vacuum cleaner salesman, two female criminals, a male cult leader, and a desk clerk. Later in August 2017, newcomer Cailee Spaeny was added to the cast to play an impressionable Southern girl brought to the hotel, while Cynthia Erivo was cast as the Black singer who finds herself in the wrong place at the wrong time. In January 2018, Dakota Johnson and Russell Crowe joined the cast (though Crowe did not appear in the film). In February 2018, Jon Hamm, Nick Offerman, and Mark O'Brien joined the cast, and in May 2018, Lewis Pullman was also confirmed for a role.\n Links: a. Drew Goddard b. Lake Tahoe c. Cynthia Erivo d. Jon Hamm", "pos": "Question: Of the two leads who were cast for the film on August 23, 2017, who has appeared in the most movies? Passage:On March 8, 2017, it was announced that 20th Century Fox had bought the spec script Bad Times at the El Royale, written by Drew Goddard, who would also direct and produce the film. On August 23, 2017, Chris Hemsworth and Jeff Bridges were cast in the 1960s-set film, to play two among the several characters who collide at the El Royale hotel, near California's Lake Tahoe. That same day, it was also reported that Tom Holland had passed on a role, and that Beyoncé was being courted for the role of a Black vocalist. It was also revealed that main roles in the ensemble would include a vacuum cleaner salesman, two female criminals, a male cult leader, and a desk clerk. Later in August 2017, newcomer Cailee Spaeny was added to the cast to play an impressionable Southern girl brought to the hotel, while Cynthia Erivo was cast as the Black singer who finds herself in the wrong place at the wrong time. In January 2018, Dakota Johnson and Russell Crowe joined the cast (though Crowe did not appear in the film). In February 2018, Jon Hamm, Nick Offerman, and Mark O'Brien joined the cast, and in May 2018, Lewis Pullman was also confirmed for a role.\n Links: a. Jeff Bridges b. California c. Nick Offerman d. Lewis Pullman", "neg": "Question: Of the actors who joined the cast in the first two months of 2018, who has had the most credited appearances on television? Passage:On March 8, 2017, it was announced that 20th Century Fox had bought the spec script Bad Times at the El Royale, written by Drew Goddard, who would also direct and produce the film. On August 23, 2017, Chris Hemsworth and Jeff Bridges were cast in the 1960s-set film, to play two among the several characters who collide at the El Royale hotel, near California's Lake Tahoe. That same day, it was also reported that Tom Holland had passed on a role, and that Beyoncé was being courted for the role of a Black vocalist. It was also revealed that main roles in the ensemble would include a vacuum cleaner salesman, two female criminals, a male cult leader, and a desk clerk. Later in August 2017, newcomer Cailee Spaeny was added to the cast to play an impressionable Southern girl brought to the hotel, while Cynthia Erivo was cast as the Black singer who finds herself in the wrong place at the wrong time. In January 2018, Dakota Johnson and Russell Crowe joined the cast (though Crowe did not appear in the film). In February 2018, Jon Hamm, Nick Offerman, and Mark O'Brien joined the cast, and in May 2018, Lewis Pullman was also confirmed for a role.\n Links: a. Jeff Bridges b. California c. Nick Offerman d. Dakota Johnson", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}311{"query": "Question: What was the name of the person that created the Nazi secret police that took over Sajmište? Passage:After the April war of 1941 when Germany and its allies occupied and partitioned the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, entire Syrmia region (including the left bank of the Sava) became part of the Independent State of Croatia where they set the Ustaše regime. Nazi secret police, Gestapo, took over Sajmište. They encircled it with several rings of barbed wire turning it into what they referred to as \"collection center\" – a euphemism for a prison. It eventually became a concentration camp. Until May 1942 Germans used Sajmište concentration camp to mostly kill off Jews from Belgrade and other parts of Serbia. From April 1942 onwards, Serbian prisoners were transported in from Jasenovac and Stara Gradiška concentration camps run by ISC Croatian Ustaše. Partisans captured throughout Serbia were also sent to Sajmište. Detainees were also sent in from other parts of Yugoslavia, especially Serbs after major German offensives on briefly liberated territories. Executions of captured prisoners lasted as long as the camp existed. During their heavy “Easter bombing” of Belgrade, Allied aircraft bombed Sajmište on 17 April 1944, killing some 100 inmates and inflicting heavy damage on the camp itself, destroying all the buildings except for the Spasić pavilion and the Central tower..\n Links: a. Gestapo b. Jews c. Nazi Germany d. Gestapo", "pos": "Question: What year did the war end during which Šakić commanded the Jasenovac concentration camp? Passage:Dinko Šakić (8 September 1921 – 20 July 2008) was a Croatian fascist leader and war criminal who commanded the Jasenovac concentration camp in the Independent State of Croatia (NDH) from April to November 1944, during World War II. Born in the village of Studenci, near the town of Imotski in what was then the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, he became a member of the fascist Ustaše at a young age. When the Axis powers occupied the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in April 1941, Šakić, aged 19, joined the administration in Jasenovac. He became the camp's assistant commander the following year, and married Nada Luburić, the half-sister of concentration camp commander Vjekoslav \"Maks\" Luburić, in 1943. This marriage, as well as his fanatic support for Ustaše leader Ante Pavelić, led to Šakić's appointment as commander of Jasenovac in April 1944. He was charged in the deaths of an estimated 2,000 people who died during his six months of command at the concentration camp.\n Links: a. World War II b. Jasenovac concentration camp c. Kingdom of Yugoslavia d. World War II", "neg": "Question: When did the state entitiy where Sakic was born dissolve?  Passage:Dinko Šakić (8 September 1921 – 20 July 2008) was a Croatian fascist leader and war criminal who commanded the Jasenovac concentration camp in the Independent State of Croatia (NDH) from April to November 1944, during World War II. Born in the village of Studenci, near the town of Imotski in what was then the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, he became a member of the fascist Ustaše at a young age. When the Axis powers occupied the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in April 1941, Šakić, aged 19, joined the administration in Jasenovac. He became the camp's assistant commander the following year, and married Nada Luburić, the half-sister of concentration camp commander Vjekoslav \"Maks\" Luburić, in 1943. This marriage, as well as his fanatic support for Ustaše leader Ante Pavelić, led to Šakić's appointment as commander of Jasenovac in April 1944. He was charged in the deaths of an estimated 2,000 people who died during his six months of command at the concentration camp.\n Links: a. Independent State of Croatia b. Vjekoslav Luburić c. Kingdom of Yugoslavia d. Studenci, Ljubuški", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}312{"query": "Question: What team won in the second year? Passage:The second year of Group A in Australia saw the domination of the JPS Team BMW team fade with several other teams pushing forwards. Most spectacularly was the return of Nissan Motorsport Australia (now under the leadership of former Bathurst winner Fred Gibson) with the newly homologated Nissan Skyline DR30 RS turbo. Led by long time Nissan lead driver George Fury they were the main rival for another new team, the John Sheppard run Volvo Dealer Team, a factory supported team which succeeded the Mark Petch Motorsport Volvo team of 1985. The Touring Car Championship became a two horse race between Volvo's Robbie Francevic and Fury. Fury was never able to haul in Francevic's early points lead and Francevic was crowned champion. Francevic was fired from the Volvo Dealer Team by Sheppard the day after the Castrol 500 at Sandown after refusing to drive what he believed would be an un-competitive car which had only been completed at the meeting started. He then returned to the Mark Petch team as they began development of a Ford Sierra turbo. Although Francevic won the ATCC in the car, 1986 was the last time the Volvo 240T was seen in Australian touring car racing.\n Links: a. Group A b. Mark Petch Motorsport c. JPS Team BMW d. JPS Team BMW", "pos": "Question: How many cylinders was the DR30 RS? Passage:The second year of Group A in Australia saw the domination of the JPS Team BMW team fade with several other teams pushing forwards. Most spectacularly was the return of Nissan Motorsport Australia (now under the leadership of former Bathurst winner Fred Gibson) with the newly homologated Nissan Skyline DR30 RS turbo. Led by long time Nissan lead driver George Fury they were the main rival for another new team, the John Sheppard run Volvo Dealer Team, a factory supported team which succeeded the Mark Petch Motorsport Volvo team of 1985. The Touring Car Championship became a two horse race between Volvo's Robbie Francevic and Fury. Fury was never able to haul in Francevic's early points lead and Francevic was crowned champion. Francevic was fired from the Volvo Dealer Team by Sheppard the day after the Castrol 500 at Sandown after refusing to drive what he believed would be an un-competitive car which had only been completed at the meeting started. He then returned to the Mark Petch team as they began development of a Ford Sierra turbo. Although Francevic won the ATCC in the car, 1986 was the last time the Volvo 240T was seen in Australian touring car racing.\n Links: a. Nissan Skyline b. Volvo Dealer Team c. Fred Gibson (racing driver) d. Sandown Raceway", "neg": "Question: What model car were they using at the Castrol 500? Passage:The second year of Group A in Australia saw the domination of the JPS Team BMW team fade with several other teams pushing forwards. Most spectacularly was the return of Nissan Motorsport Australia (now under the leadership of former Bathurst winner Fred Gibson) with the newly homologated Nissan Skyline DR30 RS turbo. Led by long time Nissan lead driver George Fury they were the main rival for another new team, the John Sheppard run Volvo Dealer Team, a factory supported team which succeeded the Mark Petch Motorsport Volvo team of 1985. The Touring Car Championship became a two horse race between Volvo's Robbie Francevic and Fury. Fury was never able to haul in Francevic's early points lead and Francevic was crowned champion. Francevic was fired from the Volvo Dealer Team by Sheppard the day after the Castrol 500 at Sandown after refusing to drive what he believed would be an un-competitive car which had only been completed at the meeting started. He then returned to the Mark Petch team as they began development of a Ford Sierra turbo. Although Francevic won the ATCC in the car, 1986 was the last time the Volvo 240T was seen in Australian touring car racing.\n Links: a. Group A b. 1986 Castrol 500 c. 1967 Gallaher 500 d. Group A", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}313{"query": "Question: In which country did Edward Joyce become a parish priest? Passage:Joyce was ordained priest on 31 October 1930 in the Cathedral of the Blessed Sacrament, Christchurch by his uncle James Byrne, the 1st Catholic Bishop of Toowoomba. He then spent three years in Auckland and was the chaplain at Sacred Heart College, then located in Ponsonby. Joyce returned to Christchurch in 1934 to be assistant priest at Addington and then at Riccarton. In 1937 he was loaned to the Diocese of Toowoomba where he assisted his uncle James Byrne until he died on 11 February 1938. In 1941 Joyce was appointed chaplain to the New Zealand Military Forces and served with New Zealand troops in Tonga and Fiji. In Fiji he was attached to the headquarters of the Fiji Infantry Brigade Group and was associated with many activities for the promotion of the welfare of the troops in his area. After his demobilisation in 1945, Joyce was posted to the reserve of officers with the rank of Major He was stationed at the Cathedral in Christchurch and engaged in rehabilitation work for returned soldiers. He represented Bishop Lyons for three years on the Labour Department immigration committee. At the same time he was involved with general Catholic activities being spiritual adviser to the Catholic Women's League and the Catholic Men's Luncheon Club. Joyce was very involved during the Ballantyne's fire tragedy of 1947 and represented Bishop Lyons at the mass funeral for the victims. Joyce became parish priest at Sockburn in 1947.\n Links: a. Addington, New Zealand b. Fiji c. Sockburn d. Catholic Women's League", "pos": "Question: What country was Methodios Fouyias born in? Passage:Methodios Fouyias (; 12 September 1924 in Corinth – 7 July 2006) served as Greek Orthodox Archbishop of Thyateira and Great Britain (concomitantly apokrisiarios of the Ecumenical Patriarch to the Archbishop of Canterbury) from 1979 to 1988. After studies in the Theological Faculty of the University of Athens and parochial responsibilities in Munich, he served in various positions within the Patriarchate of Alexandria culminating in that of Metropolitan of Axum covering Ethiopia and the Horn of Africa. Fouiyas' studies and encounters led to a favourable understanding of the Church of England which he saw in some respects as a continuator of the Saxon Church before the Norman Conquest, the Gregorian Reform and most importantly the East–West Schism of 1054. He was thus seen as the ideal candidate for the post of archbishop in London. Several years experience however of deepening division within Anglicanism led him openly to suggest (in an article in The Times) that the road to unity for Anglicans lay in submission to the discipline of the Roman Catholic church. As his post involved close relations with Lambeth it was judged expedient that he should be recalled. Methodios assumed the title of Pisidia and continued his studies (notably on Bessarion) in Greece.\n Links: a. Munich b. Greek Orthodox Church c. Corinth d. Lambeth", "neg": "Question: In which country was Edward Joyce ordained as a priest? Passage:Joyce was ordained priest on 31 October 1930 in the Cathedral of the Blessed Sacrament, Christchurch by his uncle James Byrne, the 1st Catholic Bishop of Toowoomba. He then spent three years in Auckland and was the chaplain at Sacred Heart College, then located in Ponsonby. Joyce returned to Christchurch in 1934 to be assistant priest at Addington and then at Riccarton. In 1937 he was loaned to the Diocese of Toowoomba where he assisted his uncle James Byrne until he died on 11 February 1938. In 1941 Joyce was appointed chaplain to the New Zealand Military Forces and served with New Zealand troops in Tonga and Fiji. In Fiji he was attached to the headquarters of the Fiji Infantry Brigade Group and was associated with many activities for the promotion of the welfare of the troops in his area. After his demobilisation in 1945, Joyce was posted to the reserve of officers with the rank of Major He was stationed at the Cathedral in Christchurch and engaged in rehabilitation work for returned soldiers. He represented Bishop Lyons for three years on the Labour Department immigration committee. At the same time he was involved with general Catholic activities being spiritual adviser to the Catholic Women's League and the Catholic Men's Luncheon Club. Joyce was very involved during the Ballantyne's fire tragedy of 1947 and represented Bishop Lyons at the mass funeral for the victims. Joyce became parish priest at Sockburn in 1947.\n Links: a. Riccarton, New Zealand b. Riccarton, New Zealand c. James Byrne (Bishop of Toowoomba) d. Cathedral of the Blessed Sacrament, Christchurch", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}314{"query": "Question: How long did the organization that Quinn first played for in the US last as a team? Passage:As a youth, Quinn had preferred Gaelic football and hurling to soccer. It was not until he was fourteen that he began to play the game regularly in the Down & Connor League with Corpus Christi Youth Club and Blessed Oliver Plunkett Youth Club (Now St. Oliver Plunkett FC). In 1978, he began his playing career with Larne F.C. In 1979, he signed with Everton F.C. between 1979 and 1981, but spent his entire time on the reserve squad. In 1981, Quinn moved to the US to join the Los Angeles Aztecs of the North American Soccer League. When the Aztecs folded at the end of the season, he moved to the Montreal Manic for 1982 and 1983 outdoor seasons. The Manic folded at the end of the 1983 season, and Quinn signed with the San Diego Sockers as they prepared for the 1983–1984 NASL indoor season. In 1984, he played the last NASL season with the Sockers. In the fall of 1984, the Sockers jumped to the Major Indoor Soccer League as the NASL collapsed. He also played a season in the Canadian Soccer League in the late '80s with the Hamilton Steelers. Brian played seven MISL seasons Sockers winning six championships. In 1987, he played one outdoor season with the Hamilton Steelers of the Canadian Soccer League. In August 1991, he announced that he was leaving the team to sign with the US national team. In October 1991, the national team sent Quinn on loan back to the Sockers until January 1992.\n Links: a. Gaelic football b. Canadian Soccer League (1987–92) c. Canadian Soccer League d. Los Angeles Aztecs", "pos": "Question: Of the sports Quinn played as a youth and preferred over soccer before age 14, which has been around the longest? Passage:As a youth, Quinn had preferred Gaelic football and hurling to soccer. It was not until he was fourteen that he began to play the game regularly in the Down & Connor League with Corpus Christi Youth Club and Blessed Oliver Plunkett Youth Club (Now St. Oliver Plunkett FC). In 1978, he began his playing career with Larne F.C. In 1979, he signed with Everton F.C. between 1979 and 1981, but spent his entire time on the reserve squad. In 1981, Quinn moved to the US to join the Los Angeles Aztecs of the North American Soccer League. When the Aztecs folded at the end of the season, he moved to the Montreal Manic for 1982 and 1983 outdoor seasons. The Manic folded at the end of the 1983 season, and Quinn signed with the San Diego Sockers as they prepared for the 1983–1984 NASL indoor season. In 1984, he played the last NASL season with the Sockers. In the fall of 1984, the Sockers jumped to the Major Indoor Soccer League as the NASL collapsed. He also played a season in the Canadian Soccer League in the late '80s with the Hamilton Steelers. Brian played seven MISL seasons Sockers winning six championships. In 1987, he played one outdoor season with the Hamilton Steelers of the Canadian Soccer League. In August 1991, he announced that he was leaving the team to sign with the US national team. In October 1991, the national team sent Quinn on loan back to the Sockers until January 1992.\n Links: a. Everton F.C. b. Canadian Soccer League (1987–92) c. Montreal Manic d. Hurling", "neg": "Question: Is the league that included the Boston Rovers which O'Neill played against in 1967 still operating? Passage:O'Neill signed for Shamrock Rovers for £3000 in September 1961 after playing well on Rovers' tour of North America that summer. He scored twice on his debut against Waterford United on 17 September, in a 4–0 win in the League of Ireland Shield. He went on to become a prominent member of the Rovers team that won the FAI Cup six times in a row during the 1960s. He, along with Pat Courtney, is a holder of the six in a row medals. During his career with Rovers he played over 300 games. His teammates at the club during this era included Liam Tuohy, Johnny Fullam, Pat Dunne, Bobby Gilbert, Mick Leech and Paddy Mulligan. During the 1965–66 season O'Neill scored 6 goals during the FAI Cup run including one in the final against Limerick. In 1967, he also scored a penalty in the final, a 3–2 win against St. Patrick's Athletic. He scored a further 2 goals during the 1968–69 Cup run. During the summer of 1967, O'Neill also played for Rovers when they competed as Boston Rovers in the United Soccer Association league. O'Neill also scored 2 goals for Rovers, one in each game, during a European Cup Winners Cup tie against CA Spora Luxembourg, helping them to an 8–2 aggregate win . In total he played 18 times in European competition.\n Links: a. United Soccer Association b. Limerick F.C. c. CA Spora Luxembourg d. FAI Cup", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}315{"query": "Question: What team did George Lynch Play for before the 76ers? Passage:The 1998–99 NBA season was the 76ers 50th season in the National Basketball Association, and 36th season in Philadelphia. After a four-month lockout wiped out half the season, the Sixers signed free agents Matt Geiger and George Lynch, while re-signing former 76ers forward Rick Mahorn. At midseason, they traded second-year forward Tim Thomas and Scott Williams to the Milwaukee Bucks for Tyrone Hill. The Sixers recorded their first winning month in five years winning 8 of 13 games in February, on their way to making the playoffs for the first time in eight years with a 28–22 record, third in the Atlantic Division. Allen Iverson led the league in scoring averaging 26.8 points per game, and was selected to the All-NBA First Team. In the first round of the playoffs, the Sixers defeated the 3rd–seeded Orlando Magic in four games, but were swept in the semifinals by the Indiana Pacers in four straight games. Following the season, Mahorn retired after making his second stint with the Sixers.\n Links: a. George Lynch (basketball) b. 1998–99 Indiana Pacers season c. Philadelphia d. George Lynch (basketball)", "pos": "Question: Who is the older between the two top draft picks that   provided a nice young nucleus  for the team? Passage:The 1995–96 NBA season was the 76ers 47th season in the National Basketball Association, and 33rd season in Philadelphia. During the offseason, the Sixers signed free agent Vernon Maxwell, then later on signed second-year guard Trevor Ruffin in December. Top draft pick Jerry Stackhouse and Clarence Weatherspoon both provided a nice young nucleus from which to build. However, finding talent to surround them was often difficult, as the Sixers suffered an 11-game losing streak after a 2–2 start. Early into the season, Shawn Bradley was traded to the New Jersey Nets for Derrick Coleman, who only played in just eleven games due to an irregular heartbeat. At midseason, second-year forward Sharone Wright was dealt to the expansion Toronto Raptors as Jeff Malone was released to free agency. The Sixers had their worst season since the infamous 73-loss 1972–73 season, finishing last place in the Atlantic Division with an 18–64 record. \n Links: a. Jerry Stackhouse b. 1995–96 New Jersey Nets season c. Clarence Weatherspoon d. 1995–96 New Jersey Nets season", "neg": "Question: What team did Matt Geiger play for before the 76ers? Passage:The 1998–99 NBA season was the 76ers 50th season in the National Basketball Association, and 36th season in Philadelphia. After a four-month lockout wiped out half the season, the Sixers signed free agents Matt Geiger and George Lynch, while re-signing former 76ers forward Rick Mahorn. At midseason, they traded second-year forward Tim Thomas and Scott Williams to the Milwaukee Bucks for Tyrone Hill. The Sixers recorded their first winning month in five years winning 8 of 13 games in February, on their way to making the playoffs for the first time in eight years with a 28–22 record, third in the Atlantic Division. Allen Iverson led the league in scoring averaging 26.8 points per game, and was selected to the All-NBA First Team. In the first round of the playoffs, the Sixers defeated the 3rd–seeded Orlando Magic in four games, but were swept in the semifinals by the Indiana Pacers in four straight games. Following the season, Mahorn retired after making his second stint with the Sixers.\n Links: a. Tim Thomas (basketball) b. Matt Geiger c. Allen Iverson d. 1998–99 Milwaukee Bucks season", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}316{"query": "Question: How long is the Lachlan River? Passage:He was born in Hobart, Tasmania, to shipping agent William Carmichael and Emma Willson, both Scottish-born. He was educated at Hobart and then held a variety of occupations, including coaching in Brisbane and farming on the Lachlan River, where he became involved in the Farmers and Settlers Association. Around 1893 he married Mabel Pillinger at Lake Cargelligo. In around 1900 he established a business in Sydney. In 1907 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as the Labor member for Leichhardt. He was appointed an honorary minister in 1910, assuming the Public Instruction and Labour and Industry portfolios in 1911. from 1912 to 1913 he was also Treasurer, returning thereafter to become Minister for Public Instruction until 1915. He enlisted in the Australian Imperial Force as a private for the First World War, serving in the 36th Battalion. He was awarded the Military Cross for action at Houplines in 1917 and was invalided home, but later returned to the frontline, attaining the rank of captain. During his return he spoke in favour of conscription, and after the war he formed the Soldiers and Citizens Party, standing as a candidate for the five-member seat of Balmain. He was defeated, and became a public accountant. His second marriage, which took place in 1934 in Sydney, was to Olive Thorngate Weston. He died at Darlinghurst in 1953.\n Links: a. Captain (armed forces) b. National Party of Australia – NSW c. Lake Cargelligo, New South Wales d. Lachlan River", "pos": "Question: What is the town where McLaren was born known for? Passage:He was born at Launceston in Tasmania to draper Alexander Morrison McLaren and Elsie Elizabeth Gibbins. He attended Caulfield Grammar School and then the University of Melbourne, becoming an accountant. In 1938 he embarked on a world tour, returning in 1939. He served in the Royal Australian Navy from 1942 to 1945 and returned to become a partner in the accountancy firm Harris & McLaren. On 16 April 1941 he married Eileen Porter, with whom he had four children. From 1945 to 1947 he was the independent member for Glen Iris in the Victorian Legislative Assembly. Following his defeat he joined the Liberal Party, and served on Malvern City Council from 1951 to 1953. From 1957 to 1963 he was national president of the YMCA, and he served as world vice-president from 1961 to 1969; he was also awarded the OBE in 1959. In 1965 he returned to the Legislative Assembly as the Liberal member for Caulfield, changing seats to Bennettswood in 1967. From 1973 he was Deputy Speaker. McLaren retired from politics in 1979, and died in 2000.\n Links: a. Tasmania b. Order of the British Empire c. Victorian Legislative Assembly d. Launceston, Tasmania", "neg": "Question: How old was the explorer, pastoralist and historian  who was part of the exploration of Wide Bay district when he died? Passage:The free settlement of what later became the colony of Queensland commenced on the Darling Downs in 1840. In 1842, the same year that Moreton Bay was opened to free settlement, Andrew Petrie was commissioned to explore the Wide Bay district. With a group of men that included Henry Stuart Russell, the explorer, pastoralist and historian, Petrie travelled by boat to explore the Mary River (then unnamed) as a possible source of Bunya trees. The explorers travelled about upstream, and it was concluded that the area would prove suitable for sheep rearing as the river would allow wool to be transported by boat. One of the men, Captain Joliffe, was an employee of the pastoralist and businessman John Eales, who later took up a large run at Tiaro and sent Joliffe there with 16,000 sheep. Although this venture failed, due to a combination of disease, attacks by the traditional owners, and financial problems, other pastoralists soon took up runs in the area. By 1847 more than 20 license applications for runs had been lodged in the region. In July 1847 the government surveyor James Charles Burnett gave encouraging reports of the suitability of what was then known as the Wide Bay River as a location for a port to service the area. The river was then named Mary after Lady Mary Lennox, the wife of Governor Fitzroy.\n Links: a. Tiaro, Queensland b. James Charles Burnett c. Henry Stuart Russell d. Tiaro, Queensland", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}317{"query": "Question: How old was the businessman that Nobel signed an agreement with in Berlin? Passage:Emanuel Nobel was a very forward-looking businessman, just like his father, who had instigated the construction of Russia's first pipeline and the world's first oil tanker in 1878, as well as the world's first railway tank cars in 1883. On 16 February 1898 Emanuel signed a licence agreement in Berlin with Rudolf Diesel, after having heard Diesel describing his new engine in a public lecture. The agreement allowed Nobel to build the world's first diesel engine plant in St Petersburg, and the engines were used to propel Branobel's fleet of oil tankers. Emanuel led Baku to a dominating role in the global oil industry and Branobel activities soon developed throughout the Caspian Sea, operating also in Grozny and Dosser.\n Links: a. Branobel b. Rudolf Diesel c. Diesel engine d. Grozny", "pos": "Question: What countries border the sea that Nobel dominated with the oil industry? Passage:Emanuel Nobel was a very forward-looking businessman, just like his father, who had instigated the construction of Russia's first pipeline and the world's first oil tanker in 1878, as well as the world's first railway tank cars in 1883. On 16 February 1898 Emanuel signed a licence agreement in Berlin with Rudolf Diesel, after having heard Diesel describing his new engine in a public lecture. The agreement allowed Nobel to build the world's first diesel engine plant in St Petersburg, and the engines were used to propel Branobel's fleet of oil tankers. Emanuel led Baku to a dominating role in the global oil industry and Branobel activities soon developed throughout the Caspian Sea, operating also in Grozny and Dosser.\n Links: a. Saint Petersburg b. Caspian Sea c. Branobel d. Oil tanker", "neg": "Question: How old was von Braun when his team installed Walter rockerts into experimental aircrafts? Passage:At the same time that Walter was developing submarine engines, he was also applying his ideas to rocketry. The high-pressure gas mixture created by the rapid decomposition of hydrogen peroxide could not only be used in a turbine, but if simply directed out of a nozzle, created considerable thrust. Wernher von Braun's rocketry team working at Peenemünde expressed interest in Walter's ideas, and in 1936 began a programme of installing Walter rockets into aircraft. The experimental results obtained by von Braun created interest among Germany's aircraft manufacturers, including Heinkel and Messerschmitt, and in 1939, the Heinkel He 176 became the first aircraft to fly on liquid-fuelled rocket power alone. This type of engine went on to become the cornerstone of the Messerschmitt Me 163 rocket-powered fighter, when married to Alexander Lippisch's revolutionary airframe design. Throughout the course of World War II, Walter's aircraft engines became increasingly powerful and refined. The original design of simply decomposing hydrogen peroxide was soon changed to its use as an oxidizer (much like dinitrogen tetroxide would be used later) when combined with a hydrazine/methanol true rocket fuel designated C-Stoff, into the hot, high-pressure gases, and in later, never-deployed developments, a second, 400 kg (880 lb) thrust \"cruising\" combustion chamber, nicknamed a Marschofen, was added below the main chamber to allow for more precise control of the engine. Versions of this engine were intended to power a variety of aircraft design proposals and missile projects and was also licence-built in Japan (see HWK 109-509).\n Links: a. Wernher von Braun b. Airframe c. Walter HWK 109-509 d. Japan", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}318{"query": "Question: Which wrestler who headlined the Cyber Sunday feud in WWE was born first? Passage:The main feud heading into Cyber Sunday was between WWE Champion John Cena, World Heavyweight Champion King Booker, and ECW World Champion The Big Show, the top champion of each of the three brands. This feud began on the October 9 edition of Raw, where they came face to face, arguing about who was the most dominant champion in WWE. WWE Chairman Vince McMahon interrupted, and booked a triple threat \"Champion of Champions\" match at Cyber Sunday between the three of them. This also gave each show's General Manager an opportunity to choose opponents for each other's champion that night. This resulted in Big Show defeating Jeff Hardy and Booker defeating Rob Van Dam; however, the match between Cena and The Undertaker was interrupted by Booker, Big Show, and The Undertaker's storyline rival, Mr. Kennedy. At the same time, Cena began a minor feud with Kevin Federline. Federline, as the on-screen close friend of Johnny Nitro and Melina's, appeared on Raw to promote his album, \"Playing With Fire\". Cena rapped about Federline, but Nitro came out to Federline's defense and was thrown out of the ring by Cena. Cena was then interrupted by his two Cyber Sunday opponents, and McMahon who announced that a championship would be on the line at Cyber Sunday. Cena performed the FU on Federline, after being insulted. The feud between the champions continued on the October 20 edition of SmackDown!, when Big Show and Cena were at ringside during Booker's title defense against Batista. Batista speared Booker onto Big Show, who, in response, assaulted Batista, ending the match via disqualification. Cena then joined the brawl, and SmackDown! General Manager Theodore Long announced a tag team match for the next week. On the next Raw, Cena defeated Nitro after an FU, but was assaulted afterwards by his Cyber Sunday opponents, who turned on each other shortly after to start a brawl between the four to end the show. Batista and Cena were successful in the tag team match, after Big Show abandoned Booker. The next week, on Raw, a preview of Cyber Sunday's interactivity was displayed when fans voted for Cena's opponent for the night, between Big Show, Booker, and Jonathan Coachman. Coachman won in the voting, but was easily defeated by Cena.\n Links: a. WWE SmackDown b. Vince McMahon c. John Cena d. ECW World Heavyweight Championship", "pos": "Question: In what year did the wrestler challenged by JBL first join the WWE? Passage:The main feud heading into Judgment Day 2006 involved Rey Mysterio and John \"Bradshaw\" Layfield (JBL) with the two battling over the World Heavyweight Championship. On the May 5 episode of SmackDown!, after Rey Mysterio expressed his feelings about being World Heavyweight Champion, John \"Bradshaw\" Layfield came out and declared himself the number-one contender. JBL immediately began degrading Mysterio because of his Mexican heritage, saying he was an illegal immigrant and that Mysterio doesn’t deserve to be champion. Mysterio reacted by saying that he'd fight anyone at any time. In turn, JBL announced that Mysterio would face off against Mark Henry later that night. During the match, Mysterio tried to use his quickness to avoid Henry, but was easily countered by Henry's power. Mysterio was able to hit a 619 and a Seated senton, but was defeated when Henry hit the World's Strongest Slam for the pin. The next week on SmackDown!, JBL announced that Mysterio would take on The Great Khali later that night. During the match, Mysterio attempted a springboard dropkick, but it had no effect. Khali then picked up Mysterio and hit a Two-handed chokeslam for the win. On the May 19 episode of SmackDown!, JBL said that Mysterio didn't look so well due to the beatings he endured in past weeks and that he probably didn't even know what day it was. Mysterio answered and told him the day, May 19. Kane, who in recent weeks attacked anyone who said May 19, came out and faced off against Mysterio. Kane dominated most of the match, hitting a variety of power moves. Kane then began to hear voices in his head saying May 19, which caused him to go into a psychotic trance. JBL told him to finish the job, but mistakenly said May 19, causing Kane to attack him. As a result, the match ended in a no-contest.\n Links: a. WWE SmackDown b. Powerslam c. Rey Mysterio d. Dropkick", "neg": "Question: Which opponent that the Cyber Sunday champions faced on Raw is the youngest? Passage:The main feud heading into Cyber Sunday was between WWE Champion John Cena, World Heavyweight Champion King Booker, and ECW World Champion The Big Show, the top champion of each of the three brands. This feud began on the October 9 edition of Raw, where they came face to face, arguing about who was the most dominant champion in WWE. WWE Chairman Vince McMahon interrupted, and booked a triple threat \"Champion of Champions\" match at Cyber Sunday between the three of them. This also gave each show's General Manager an opportunity to choose opponents for each other's champion that night. This resulted in Big Show defeating Jeff Hardy and Booker defeating Rob Van Dam; however, the match between Cena and The Undertaker was interrupted by Booker, Big Show, and The Undertaker's storyline rival, Mr. Kennedy. At the same time, Cena began a minor feud with Kevin Federline. Federline, as the on-screen close friend of Johnny Nitro and Melina's, appeared on Raw to promote his album, \"Playing With Fire\". Cena rapped about Federline, but Nitro came out to Federline's defense and was thrown out of the ring by Cena. Cena was then interrupted by his two Cyber Sunday opponents, and McMahon who announced that a championship would be on the line at Cyber Sunday. Cena performed the FU on Federline, after being insulted. The feud between the champions continued on the October 20 edition of SmackDown!, when Big Show and Cena were at ringside during Booker's title defense against Batista. Batista speared Booker onto Big Show, who, in response, assaulted Batista, ending the match via disqualification. Cena then joined the brawl, and SmackDown! General Manager Theodore Long announced a tag team match for the next week. On the next Raw, Cena defeated Nitro after an FU, but was assaulted afterwards by his Cyber Sunday opponents, who turned on each other shortly after to start a brawl between the four to end the show. Batista and Cena were successful in the tag team match, after Big Show abandoned Booker. The next week, on Raw, a preview of Cyber Sunday's interactivity was displayed when fans voted for Cena's opponent for the night, between Big Show, Booker, and Jonathan Coachman. Coachman won in the voting, but was easily defeated by Cena.\n Links: a. Vince McMahon b. Freestyle rap c. Vince McMahon d. Jeff Hardy", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}319{"query": "Question: When did the show start that Bjork performed Possibly Maybe on? Passage:The track was performed during the Post Tour, a performance of which can be found on the 1998 live DVD/VHS Live at Shepherds Bush Empire, a fan-club only concert held at the end of the tour. To support the release of Post, the song was performed on the UK TV show Later... with Jools Holland on 17 June 1995 with legendary slide guitarist BJ Cole. This performance was featured on Björk's 2003 DVD release Later. Björk also performed the track on TFI Friday on 1 November 1996 to promote the official single release. The track was also included on a 1996 ChildLine charity album release, whose cover-art featured a parody of the Post cover. In support of this album, Björk performed the song on Top of the Pops. Björk's then manager Netty Walker noted later that it \"was the worst performance I've ever seen her do.\" A live performance recorded for US TV show Reverb in 2001 included a performance of \"Possibly Maybe\". The track has been performed on Björk's subsequent tours, the Homogenic Tour and the Vespertine World Tour, the latter version of which appears on the 2002 DVD release Live at Royal Opera House. After 2001, the song was not performed live until March 2, 2012 at the Roseland Ballroom in New York City during her Biophilia Tour, using only a hang drum and a Tesla coil.\n Links: a. Top of the Pops b. Top of the Pops c. Vespertine World Tour d. Childline", "pos": "Question: Did Kesha ever perform live with Britney Spears? Passage:Minaj was one of the opening acts on Britney Spears' 2011 Femme Fatale Tour. She and Kesha appeared on the remix of Spears' \"Till the World Ends\", which peaked at number-three on the Billboard Hot 100. On August 7, 2011, Nicki experienced a \"nip slip\" during a live performance on Good Morning America. Minaj was criticized for wearing the low-cut shirt during her performance which led to the brief exposure of her breast on a live telecast. ABC apologized for incident. Minaj, while interviewed on ABC's Nightline show, apologized for the incident and denied that she intentionally sought to expose herself on live television as a publicity stunt. The incident attracted protest from the Parents Television Council. Despite this, Minaj continued to perform at high-profile events throughout 2011; Donatella Versace invited her to perform with Prince for the introduction of a Versace collection for H&M, and she performed \"Super Bass\" at the 2011 Victoria's Secret Fashion Show.\n Links: a. Britney Spears b. Victoria's Secret Fashion Show c. Versace d. Donatella Versace", "neg": "Question: When was the city founded that is home to the Roseland Ballroom? Passage:The track was performed during the Post Tour, a performance of which can be found on the 1998 live DVD/VHS Live at Shepherds Bush Empire, a fan-club only concert held at the end of the tour. To support the release of Post, the song was performed on the UK TV show Later... with Jools Holland on 17 June 1995 with legendary slide guitarist BJ Cole. This performance was featured on Björk's 2003 DVD release Later. Björk also performed the track on TFI Friday on 1 November 1996 to promote the official single release. The track was also included on a 1996 ChildLine charity album release, whose cover-art featured a parody of the Post cover. In support of this album, Björk performed the song on Top of the Pops. Björk's then manager Netty Walker noted later that it \"was the worst performance I've ever seen her do.\" A live performance recorded for US TV show Reverb in 2001 included a performance of \"Possibly Maybe\". The track has been performed on Björk's subsequent tours, the Homogenic Tour and the Vespertine World Tour, the latter version of which appears on the 2002 DVD release Live at Royal Opera House. After 2001, the song was not performed live until March 2, 2012 at the Roseland Ballroom in New York City during her Biophilia Tour, using only a hang drum and a Tesla coil.\n Links: a. Childline b. New York City c. Homogenic Tour d. Top of the Pops", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}320{"query": "Question: How many times did Edward German play at the Savoy? Passage:After leaving the Academy, German continued to teach at Wimbledon School and to play the violin in orchestras at various London theatres, including the Savoy. In 1888, an introduction by conductor Alberto Randegger to theatre manager Richard Mansfield led to German's appointment as conductor and musical director at the Globe Theatre in London. There he improved the orchestra and began providing incidental music for the theatre's lavish productions, starting with Richard III in 1889. This music was well received (The Times called for a concert suite to be arranged), and the overture soon became popular in concert halls. This eventually led to other incidental music commissions that gained success. In 1892, German composed music for a production of Henry Irving's version of Henry VIII at the Lyceum Theatre, London, where he incorporated elements of traditional old English dance. Within a year, sheet music of the dance numbers from the play's score had sold 30,000 copies. German was by then in great demand to write music for plays. His commissions included Henry Arthur Jones's The Tempter in 1893, Johnston Forbes-Robertson's Romeo and Juliet at the Lyceum in 1895, Herbert Beerbohm Tree's productions of As You Like It (1896) and Much Ado about Nothing (1898), and Anthony Hope's English Nell (later known as Nell Gwynn) in 1900, starring Marie Tempest.\n Links: a. Richard III (play) b. Romeo and Juliet c. Savoy Theatre d. Savoy Theatre", "pos": "Question: How many scenes are there in Sullivan's successful ballet performed in 1897? Passage:When the Gilbert and Sullivan partnership collapsed after the production of The Gondoliers in 1889, their producer Richard D'Oyly Carte struggled to find successful new works to show at the Savoy Theatre. Carte produced Sullivan's grand opera, Ivanhoe at another theatre, and afterwards, he turned to Sullivan to create more comic operas for the Savoy. With Sydney Grundy, Sullivan wrote the nostalgic and sentimental Haddon Hall (1892) then, reunited with W. S. Gilbert, he produced Utopia, Limited (1893). He next returned, with his earlier collaborator F. C. Burnand, with The Chieftain (1894) and collaborated for the last time with Gilbert on The Grand Duke (1896). None of these had proved to be more than modestly successful, and Carte's other new pieces for the Savoy in the 1890s had done no better. Following the success of Sullivan's ballet Victoria and Merrie England in 1897, Carte asked Sullivan to work on another new opera for the Savoy.\n Links: a. Gilbert and Sullivan b. The Gondoliers c. Victoria and Merrie England d. Richard D'Oyly Carte", "neg": "Question: Who was the writer of Richard III? Passage:After leaving the Academy, German continued to teach at Wimbledon School and to play the violin in orchestras at various London theatres, including the Savoy. In 1888, an introduction by conductor Alberto Randegger to theatre manager Richard Mansfield led to German's appointment as conductor and musical director at the Globe Theatre in London. There he improved the orchestra and began providing incidental music for the theatre's lavish productions, starting with Richard III in 1889. This music was well received (The Times called for a concert suite to be arranged), and the overture soon became popular in concert halls. This eventually led to other incidental music commissions that gained success. In 1892, German composed music for a production of Henry Irving's version of Henry VIII at the Lyceum Theatre, London, where he incorporated elements of traditional old English dance. Within a year, sheet music of the dance numbers from the play's score had sold 30,000 copies. German was by then in great demand to write music for plays. His commissions included Henry Arthur Jones's The Tempter in 1893, Johnston Forbes-Robertson's Romeo and Juliet at the Lyceum in 1895, Herbert Beerbohm Tree's productions of As You Like It (1896) and Much Ado about Nothing (1898), and Anthony Hope's English Nell (later known as Nell Gwynn) in 1900, starring Marie Tempest.\n Links: a. Savoy Theatre b. Richard III (play) c. Lyceum Theatre, London d. Henry Irving", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}321{"query": "Question: Was Beck's stepfather younger than her mother? Passage:Beck was born to the actress Cindy Robbins. She starred in such movies as Massacre at Central High, Roller Boogie, and . Among her notable television credits are  General Hospital, Capitol (billed as Kimberly Beck-Hilton), Fantasy Island, Buck Rogers in the 25th Century (as one side of a Jekyll-and-Hyde character, whose counterpart was played by Trisha Noble), Westwind, The Brady Bunch, Dynasty, Lucas Tanner and Peyton Place (as the character Kim Schuster). As a child, she appeared in Alfred Hitchcock's Marnie and television commercials for such products as Mattel Toymakers Barbie and Chatty dolls. She had a very brief appearance on The Munsters as a transformed Eddie Munster after Eddie drank the rest of Grandpa's Texas Playgirl Potion in season 1, episode 33 entitled \"Lily Munster, Girl Model\". She starred on the pilot episode of Eight Is Enough as Nancy Bradford, the role that, in the series, went to Dianne Kay. She also had the role of Diane Porter in Rich Man, Poor Man Book II with Peter Strauss and appeared in a host of other well-received television miniseries productions. In 1968, she and her stepfather Tommy Leonetti, then working in Australia, recorded the single \"Let's Take a Walk\", released under the name of \"Tommy Leonetti and his daughter Kim\". It charted at #4 on the Melbourne charts.\n Links: a. Tommy Leonetti b. Cindy Robbins c. Westwind (TV series) d. Eight Is Enough", "pos": "Question: Were the movies that Beck starred in released in the same year? Passage:Beck was born to the actress Cindy Robbins. She starred in such movies as Massacre at Central High, Roller Boogie, and . Among her notable television credits are  General Hospital, Capitol (billed as Kimberly Beck-Hilton), Fantasy Island, Buck Rogers in the 25th Century (as one side of a Jekyll-and-Hyde character, whose counterpart was played by Trisha Noble), Westwind, The Brady Bunch, Dynasty, Lucas Tanner and Peyton Place (as the character Kim Schuster). As a child, she appeared in Alfred Hitchcock's Marnie and television commercials for such products as Mattel Toymakers Barbie and Chatty dolls. She had a very brief appearance on The Munsters as a transformed Eddie Munster after Eddie drank the rest of Grandpa's Texas Playgirl Potion in season 1, episode 33 entitled \"Lily Munster, Girl Model\". She starred on the pilot episode of Eight Is Enough as Nancy Bradford, the role that, in the series, went to Dianne Kay. She also had the role of Diane Porter in Rich Man, Poor Man Book II with Peter Strauss and appeared in a host of other well-received television miniseries productions. In 1968, she and her stepfather Tommy Leonetti, then working in Australia, recorded the single \"Let's Take a Walk\", released under the name of \"Tommy Leonetti and his daughter Kim\". It charted at #4 on the Melbourne charts.\n Links: a. Massacre at Central High b. Fantasy Island c. Peyton Place (TV series) d. Roller Boogie", "neg": "Question: Who was the first spouse of Beck's mother? Passage:Beck was born to the actress Cindy Robbins. She starred in such movies as Massacre at Central High, Roller Boogie, and . Among her notable television credits are  General Hospital, Capitol (billed as Kimberly Beck-Hilton), Fantasy Island, Buck Rogers in the 25th Century (as one side of a Jekyll-and-Hyde character, whose counterpart was played by Trisha Noble), Westwind, The Brady Bunch, Dynasty, Lucas Tanner and Peyton Place (as the character Kim Schuster). As a child, she appeared in Alfred Hitchcock's Marnie and television commercials for such products as Mattel Toymakers Barbie and Chatty dolls. She had a very brief appearance on The Munsters as a transformed Eddie Munster after Eddie drank the rest of Grandpa's Texas Playgirl Potion in season 1, episode 33 entitled \"Lily Munster, Girl Model\". She starred on the pilot episode of Eight Is Enough as Nancy Bradford, the role that, in the series, went to Dianne Kay. She also had the role of Diane Porter in Rich Man, Poor Man Book II with Peter Strauss and appeared in a host of other well-received television miniseries productions. In 1968, she and her stepfather Tommy Leonetti, then working in Australia, recorded the single \"Let's Take a Walk\", released under the name of \"Tommy Leonetti and his daughter Kim\". It charted at #4 on the Melbourne charts.\n Links: a. Westwind (TV series) b. Eight Is Enough c. General Hospital d. Cindy Robbins", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}322{"query": "Question: In what year did Mikhail Sumarokov-Elston graduate from Annenschule? Passage:Mikhail Sumarokov-Elston was born on in 1893 to Count Nicholai Felixovich Sumarokov-Elston reserve Lieutenant of the Cavalry Regiment and Countess Sofia Mikhaylovna Koskul. He was the great-great-great-great-grandson of poet Alexander Sumarokov and the Great Great Grandson of Field Marshal Mikhail Kutuzov. He was the nephew of tennis player Count Pavel Sumarokov-Elston, who was his first coach and doubles partner, grandson of Count-General Felix Sumarokov-Elston, Governor of Kuban Oblast, and cousin of the infamous Prince Felix Yussupov, who later became known as one of the collaborators who conspired to kill Grigori Rasputin, cult leader and mentor of Empress consort of Russia Alexandra. Felix provided his own palace for the murder spot and also shot Rasputin once before murdering him with the help of his accomplices. Mikhail had a sister called Elena and a brother Nicholas. At the age of twelve he had a surgery on his right hand, which as a result was rendered unsuitable for tennis and he later switched to left-hand play. First he moved to Dresden and was trained by Kurt Bergmann and George K. Logie. In 1906 he entered the second-class tournament of the Bad Homburg Championships, where he defeated Jack Hillyard amongst many to claim his first title. With this he set a record of being the youngest winner ever at the time in the history of the tournament. In 1908 his father and brother died within two weeks of each other. He moved back to his homeland and graduated first at the Annenschule then at the Law Faculty of the St. Petersburg University.\n Links: a. Annenschule b. Annenschule c. Annenschule d. Annenschule", "pos": "Question: In which country was Sergey's family once royalty? Passage:Born in 1909 in the family of Orthodox princes Obolensky, from 1925 in exile in France, where, together with his father Nikolai Leonidovich Obolensky adopted Catholicism. He went to the Benedictines, where studied philosophy, and in 1943 he defended his doctoral degree from Pontifical Atheneum of St. Anselm in Rome. From 1935 he studied at Russicum. Ordained priest in 1940, Obolensky was sent to Paris, where he taught at Saint George Boarding in Meudon. He was also a member of the Congress of Russian Catholics in 1950 in Rome. Obolensky taught courses on the history of Russian literature and philosophy in Rome, Meudon and Bergamo. He worked as an expert on the Soviet Union in NATO. He was also author of books on the Soviet economy, translated the correspondence of Joseph Stalin, Franklin Roosevelt and Winston Churchill, and the memoirs of Georgy Zhukov and was engaged in the Soviet dissident literature. He died in 1992 in Belgium, the home of his sister.\n Links: a. Obolensky b. Georgy Zhukov c. Bergamo d. Benedictines", "neg": "Question: What degree did Mikhail Sumarokov-Elston earn from St. Petersburg University? Passage:Mikhail Sumarokov-Elston was born on in 1893 to Count Nicholai Felixovich Sumarokov-Elston reserve Lieutenant of the Cavalry Regiment and Countess Sofia Mikhaylovna Koskul. He was the great-great-great-great-grandson of poet Alexander Sumarokov and the Great Great Grandson of Field Marshal Mikhail Kutuzov. He was the nephew of tennis player Count Pavel Sumarokov-Elston, who was his first coach and doubles partner, grandson of Count-General Felix Sumarokov-Elston, Governor of Kuban Oblast, and cousin of the infamous Prince Felix Yussupov, who later became known as one of the collaborators who conspired to kill Grigori Rasputin, cult leader and mentor of Empress consort of Russia Alexandra. Felix provided his own palace for the murder spot and also shot Rasputin once before murdering him with the help of his accomplices. Mikhail had a sister called Elena and a brother Nicholas. At the age of twelve he had a surgery on his right hand, which as a result was rendered unsuitable for tennis and he later switched to left-hand play. First he moved to Dresden and was trained by Kurt Bergmann and George K. Logie. In 1906 he entered the second-class tournament of the Bad Homburg Championships, where he defeated Jack Hillyard amongst many to claim his first title. With this he set a record of being the youngest winner ever at the time in the history of the tournament. In 1908 his father and brother died within two weeks of each other. He moved back to his homeland and graduated first at the Annenschule then at the Law Faculty of the St. Petersburg University.\n Links: a. Jack Hillyard b. Felix Yusupov c. 1st Guards Cavalry Division (Russian Empire) d. Saint Petersburg State University", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}323{"query": "Question: How long had Fuji Television been operational when the station first broadcasted the One Piece anime series? Passage:One Piece is an anime series from the manga of the same title written by Eiichiro Oda. Produced by Toei Animation, and directed by Konosuke Uda, Munehisa Sakai and Hiroaki Miyamoto, it began broadcasting on Fuji Television on October 20, 1999. One Piece follows the adventures of Monkey D. Luffy, a 17-year-old boy, whose body has gained the properties of rubber from accidentally eating a supernatural fruit, and his crew of diverse pirates, named the Straw Hat Pirates. Luffy's greatest ambition is to obtain the world's ultimate treasure, One Piece, and thereby become the next King of the Pirates. The series uses 39 different pieces of theme music: 21 opening themes and 18 closing themes. Several CDs that contain the theme music and other tracks have been released by Toei Animation. The first DVD compilation was released on February 21, 2001, with individual volumes releasing monthly. The Singaporean company Odex released part of the series locally in English and Japanese in the form of dual audio Video CDs.\n Links: a. Kōnosuke Uda b. Eiichiro Oda c. ODEX d. Fuji TV", "pos": "Question: Which animated program that made use of the Pulfrich effect was on the air first? Passage:The effect was also used well throughout the whole 1993 Doctor Who charity special Dimensions in Time and in dream sequences of the 1997 3rd Rock from the Sun two-part season 2 finale Nightmare on Dick Street. In many countries in Europe, a series of short 3D films, produced in the Netherlands, were shown on television. Glasses were sold at a chain of petrol stations. These short films were mainly travelogues of Dutch localities. A Power Rangers Lightspeed Rescue movie called Power Rangers in 3D: Triple Force (later broadcast as two-part Trakeena's Revenge) sold on VHS through McDonald's purportedly used \"Circlescan 4D\" technology, which is based on the Pulfrich effect, but there was very little 3D present. In the United States and Canada, six million 3D Pulfrich glasses were distributed to viewers for an episode of Discovery Channel's Shark Week in 2000. Animated programs that employed the Pulfrich effect in specific segments of its programs include Yo Yogi!, The Bots Master, and Space Strikers; they typically achieved the effect through the use of constantly moving background and foreground layers.\n Links: a. Shark Week b. Discovery Channel c. 3rd Rock from the Sun d. Yo Yogi!", "neg": "Question: Which of the two shows that are typically classified as being Japanese anime had more seasons altogether? Passage:By August 1995, the station – which would change its call sign that month to WACY-TV – benefited from WGBA's affiliation switch to NBC (due to WLUK-TV, channel 11, joining Fox). With WGBA now committed to NBC and its programming lineup, programs that WGBA no longer had room to broadcast were moved over to WACY, including some syndicated programming (most notably reruns of The Simpsons) and daytime children's programming. With this move, WACY adopted the \"WACkY 32\" branding for its kids' lineup (running roughly 6-11 a.m. and 1-5 p.m.), which over the years would include Garfield and Friends, Scooby-Doo, Dennis the Menace, Pokémon, Sailor Moon and Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog; programs from the UPN Kids and The Disney Afternoon blocks (as well as from Kids' WB as the Green Bay television market did not have a full-time WB affiliate); and educational and informational-compliant programs like The New Zoo Revue. The live character \"Cuddles the Clown\" provided host continuity for \"WACkY 32\" programming. The station's children's lineup would dwindle over the years, thanks in part to increased cable competition from cable channels such as Cartoon Network and Nickelodeon and the decreased financial justification of airing a more-than-necessary amount of children's programming, although it would continue to air UPN's Disney's One Too until the network discontinued its daily children's block in 2003. After that, WACY would rely on general syndicated entertainment and infomercials for its daytime lineup.\n Links: a. Dennis the Menace (U.S. comics) b. Pokémon (anime) c. Dennis the Menace (U.S. comics) d. Sailor Moon", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}324{"query": "Question: When did the player who scored the first goal in Olympique Lyonnais against  Le Mans begin playing professionally? Passage:Olympique Lyonnais began their league campaign on the road taking on Le Mans at the Stade Léon-Bollée. Lyon started off the match very slow and eventually allowed a goal that was scored by Modibo Maïga in just the 21st minute. Lyon responded just seven minutes later with a goal from the converted defender Mathieu Bodmer, who equalized on a shot at the top of the box as a result of a great pass from Lisandro López. Following the break, Le Mans came out quickly in the attack and were awarded a questionable penalty by referee Lionel Jaffredo. The young Mathieu Coutadeur converted the penalty giving the home team a 2–1 lead. In the ensuing minutes, Lyon slowly lost focus, but were eventually revived when new signing Bafétimbi Gomis came on in the 77th minute. Their newfound attack still drew no goals and heading into the injury time session, Lyon were awarded a free kick just outside the penalty box. With new signings and free kick specialists Michel Bastos and López both standing over the ball, it was the latter who took it and placed the ball easily into the back of the net drawing the match at 2–2 and giving Lyon their first point of the season. Lyon's first at home was against Valenciennes. With a pivotal Champions League match coming up early next week and Jérémy Toulalan also going on international duty, he was partially rested for the match, which featured the midfield combination of Jean Makoun and Kim Källström. Lyon won the match 1–0 with a goal from Gomis, his first with the club, in the 37th minute. The goal was assisted on by Michel Bastos. The victory initially moved Lyon into fourth-place, but after the next day's matches, Lyon fell to eighth. The following week, Lyon faced Auxerre on the road. After their strong performance mid-week in the Champions League, manager Claude Puel implemented exactly the same formation, albeit with different players in certain positions. Despite missing several goal opportunities mid-week, César Delgado responded by dishing out two assists, the first on the club's opening goal scored by Jean-Alain Boumsong, who was making his season debut, and the club's second goal, scored by Miralem Pjanić, his first career league goal for the club. Lyon won the match 3–0. The Auxerre match was notable as it marked the debut of the highly rated 17-year-old Ishak Belfodil, who came on as a substitute in the 84th minute. The next week, Lyon returned home and were victors again claiming a 3–1 victory over Nancy, with all three Lyon goals coming from new signings Bastos, López and Gomis.\n Links: a. Valenciennes FC b. Bafétimbi Gomis c. Modibo Maïga d. Stade Léon-Bollée", "pos": "Question: What is the home stadium of the team that defeated Rivière's team 3-1 after he netted his first goal of the season? Passage:Due to the departure of Gomis, injuries to strikers Ilan and Kevin Mirallas, and the late arrival of the Argentine Gonzalo Bergessio, Rivière started the 2009–10 season as the club's first choice striker. On 15 August, Rivière netted his first goal of the season in the club's 3–1 loss to Toulouse. Following the inclusion of Bergessio into the team, Rivière shifted to the winger role. On 9 January 2010, he scored the opening goal in Saint-Étienne's 4–1 cup victory over Lorient. The following week, he scored the game-winning goal in a 2–1 victory over Grenoble. In February and March, Rivière performed valiantly, scoring five goals in seven matches and also assisting on a goal. Saint-Étienne only lost one of the seven matches played during the span, which lifted the club out of the relegation zone. Rivière scored opening goals in matches against Lyon and Lille, both of which ended in a draw, and scored the game-winning goal against Montpellier. On 5 May, Rivière netted another game-winning goal, this time against Boulogne. The 1–0 result assured Saint-Étienne another campaign in Ligue 1 and also relegated Boulogne.\n Links: a. Kevin Mirallas b. Lille OSC c. Toulouse FC d. Gonzalo Bergessio", "neg": "Question: When was the stadium where Olympique Lyonnais began their league campaign constructed? Passage:Olympique Lyonnais began their league campaign on the road taking on Le Mans at the Stade Léon-Bollée. Lyon started off the match very slow and eventually allowed a goal that was scored by Modibo Maïga in just the 21st minute. Lyon responded just seven minutes later with a goal from the converted defender Mathieu Bodmer, who equalized on a shot at the top of the box as a result of a great pass from Lisandro López. Following the break, Le Mans came out quickly in the attack and were awarded a questionable penalty by referee Lionel Jaffredo. The young Mathieu Coutadeur converted the penalty giving the home team a 2–1 lead. In the ensuing minutes, Lyon slowly lost focus, but were eventually revived when new signing Bafétimbi Gomis came on in the 77th minute. Their newfound attack still drew no goals and heading into the injury time session, Lyon were awarded a free kick just outside the penalty box. With new signings and free kick specialists Michel Bastos and López both standing over the ball, it was the latter who took it and placed the ball easily into the back of the net drawing the match at 2–2 and giving Lyon their first point of the season. Lyon's first at home was against Valenciennes. With a pivotal Champions League match coming up early next week and Jérémy Toulalan also going on international duty, he was partially rested for the match, which featured the midfield combination of Jean Makoun and Kim Källström. Lyon won the match 1–0 with a goal from Gomis, his first with the club, in the 37th minute. The goal was assisted on by Michel Bastos. The victory initially moved Lyon into fourth-place, but after the next day's matches, Lyon fell to eighth. The following week, Lyon faced Auxerre on the road. After their strong performance mid-week in the Champions League, manager Claude Puel implemented exactly the same formation, albeit with different players in certain positions. Despite missing several goal opportunities mid-week, César Delgado responded by dishing out two assists, the first on the club's opening goal scored by Jean-Alain Boumsong, who was making his season debut, and the club's second goal, scored by Miralem Pjanić, his first career league goal for the club. Lyon won the match 3–0. The Auxerre match was notable as it marked the debut of the highly rated 17-year-old Ishak Belfodil, who came on as a substitute in the 84th minute. The next week, Lyon returned home and were victors again claiming a 3–1 victory over Nancy, with all three Lyon goals coming from new signings Bastos, López and Gomis.\n Links: a. Stade Léon-Bollée b. Stade Léon-Bollée c. Jean-Alain Boumsong d. Free kick (association football)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}325{"query": "Question: How long had the Impact been a team when Drogba signed with them? Passage:In July 2004, Drogba moved to Premier League club Chelsea for a club record £24 million fee, making him the most expensive Ivorian player in history. In his debut season he helped the club win their first league title in 50 years, and a year later he won another Premier League title. His displays saw him named in the FIFA World XI for 2007. In March 2012, he became the first African player to score 100 Premier League goals. Just two months later, he scored in Chelsea's 2012 FA Cup Final win over Liverpool to become the first (and , the only) player to score in four separate FA Cup finals. He also played in the 2012 UEFA Champions League Final, in which he scored an 88th-minute equaliser and the winning penalty in the deciding shoot-out against Bayern Munich. After spending 6 months with Shanghai Shenhua in China, and one and a half seasons with Turkish club Galatasaray where he scored the winning goal in the final of the 2013 Turkish Super Cup, Drogba returned to Chelsea in July 2014. With a career record of scoring 10 goals in 10 finals winning 10 trophies at club level, Drogba has been referred to as the \"ultimate big game player.\" He joined Canadian club Montreal Impact in 2015 as a Designated Player and played 41 matches over two seasons, scoring 23 goals. Drogba became a player–owner for Phoenix Rising of the United Soccer League in 2017, and retired a year later at the age of 40.\n Links: a. List of FA Cup Finals b. List of footballers with 100 or more Premier League goals c. 2012 FA Cup Final d. Montreal Impact", "pos": "Question: Which team won the 2004-2005 UEFA Champions League? Passage:Park began his football career in his native South Korea and played for the Myongji University team before moving to Japan to play for Kyoto Purple Sanga. After Park's national team manager Guus Hiddink moved back to the Netherlands to manage PSV Eindhoven, Park followed him to the Dutch side a year later. After PSV reached the semi-finals of the 2004–05 UEFA Champions League, Park's talents were recognised by Manchester United manager Sir Alex Ferguson and he signed Park for a fee of around £4 million in July 2005. In his time at United, Park won the Premier League four times and also won the 2007–08 UEFA Champions League and the 2008 FIFA Club World Cup. He moved to Queens Park Rangers in July 2012 after suffering a reduction in his number of appearances for Manchester United the previous season. However, an injury-interrupted season with QPR, combined with the club's relegation, led to Park rejoining PSV on loan for the 2013–14 season.\n Links: a. Guus Hiddink b. PSV Eindhoven c. Alex Ferguson d. 2004–05 UEFA Champions League", "neg": "Question: What team did Drogba score the winning goal against in the final? Passage:In July 2004, Drogba moved to Premier League club Chelsea for a club record £24 million fee, making him the most expensive Ivorian player in history. In his debut season he helped the club win their first league title in 50 years, and a year later he won another Premier League title. His displays saw him named in the FIFA World XI for 2007. In March 2012, he became the first African player to score 100 Premier League goals. Just two months later, he scored in Chelsea's 2012 FA Cup Final win over Liverpool to become the first (and , the only) player to score in four separate FA Cup finals. He also played in the 2012 UEFA Champions League Final, in which he scored an 88th-minute equaliser and the winning penalty in the deciding shoot-out against Bayern Munich. After spending 6 months with Shanghai Shenhua in China, and one and a half seasons with Turkish club Galatasaray where he scored the winning goal in the final of the 2013 Turkish Super Cup, Drogba returned to Chelsea in July 2014. With a career record of scoring 10 goals in 10 finals winning 10 trophies at club level, Drogba has been referred to as the \"ultimate big game player.\" He joined Canadian club Montreal Impact in 2015 as a Designated Player and played 41 matches over two seasons, scoring 23 goals. Drogba became a player–owner for Phoenix Rising of the United Soccer League in 2017, and retired a year later at the age of 40.\n Links: a. 2012 FA Cup Final b. List of FA Cup Finals c. 2013 Turkish Super Cup d. FIFPro", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}326{"query": "Question: Is the captain of the 2007-08 FC Barcelona team still playing professionally? Passage:Most of the players have contracts beyond this end of season, but Deco, an important player, has his contract ending in 2008. The captain is still Carles Puyol, who is from Barcelona's youth system, plays in the first squad since 1999 and currently is the player with the most appearances (268). Currently, the highest scorer is Ronaldinho, with 80 goals. Also Ronaldinho, from August of this year, has a European passport. On mid-October, Samuel Eto'o received Spanish nationality, making him an EU player. The only non-EU player is Yaya Touré. Because Spain ratified the Cotonou Agreement in 2007, however, Touré is now considered an EU player, as his native country of Ivory Coast is a signatory to that agreement, and the 2003 Kolpak ruling extended the Bosman ruling to nations with an associate trading relationship with the EU.\n Links: a. Carles Puyol b. Cotonou Agreement c. European Union d. FC Barcelona B", "pos": "Question: Did the player with a contract ending in 2008 renew with the same team? Passage:Most of the players have contracts beyond this end of season, but Deco, an important player, has his contract ending in 2008. The captain is still Carles Puyol, who is from Barcelona's youth system, plays in the first squad since 1999 and currently is the player with the most appearances (268). Currently, the highest scorer is Ronaldinho, with 80 goals. Also Ronaldinho, from August of this year, has a European passport. On mid-October, Samuel Eto'o received Spanish nationality, making him an EU player. The only non-EU player is Yaya Touré. Because Spain ratified the Cotonou Agreement in 2007, however, Touré is now considered an EU player, as his native country of Ivory Coast is a signatory to that agreement, and the 2003 Kolpak ruling extended the Bosman ruling to nations with an associate trading relationship with the EU.\n Links: a. Deco b. European Union c. FC Barcelona B d. Passports of the European Union", "neg": "Question: Is Nobuhiro Kato still on the Kyoto Sanga FC? Passage:Kato was born in Ageo on 11 December 1984. He joined J1 League club Urawa Reds from youth team in 2003. Although Reds won the many title 2006 J1 League, 2007 AFC Champions League and so on, he could hardly play in the match behind Ryota Tsuzuki and Norihiro Yamagishi until 2010. He became a regular goalkeeper in 2011 and Reds won the 2nd place in 2011 and 2013 J.League Cup. However he lost his regular position behind Shusaku Nishikawa in 2014. In 2015, he moved to Saitama's cross town rivals, Omiya Ardija in J2 League. He played as regular goalkeeper and Ardija was promoted to J1 end of 2015 season. Although his opportunity to play decreased from 2016, he played many matches while battling with Hitoshi Shiota for the position. However Ardija finished at the bottom place in 2017 season and was relegated to J2. He could not play at all in the match behind Takashi Kasahara in 2018. In 2019, he moved to J2 club Kyoto Sanga FC.\n Links: a. 2013 J.League Cup b. Shusaku Nishikawa c. Kyoto Sanga FC d. 2007 AFC Champions League", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}327{"query": "Question: How many ships are currently in the possession of the military branch that the HMS Defender was built for? Passage:HMS Defender was a D-class destroyer built for the Royal Navy in the early 1930s. The ship was initially assigned to the Mediterranean Fleet before she was transferred to the China Station in early 1935. She was temporarily deployed in the Red Sea during late 1935 during the Abyssinia Crisis, before returning to her assigned station where she remained until mid-1939. Defender was transferred back to the Mediterranean Fleet just before World War II began in September 1939. She briefly was assigned to West Africa for convoy escort duties in 1940 before returning to the Mediterranean. The ship participated in the Battles of Calabria, Cape Spartivento, and Cape Matapan over the next year without damage. Defender assisted in the evacuations from Greece and Crete in April–May 1941, before she began running supply missions to Tobruk, Libya in June. The ship was badly damaged by a German bomber on one of those missions and had to be scuttled by her consort on 11 July 1941.\n Links: a. Battle of Calabria b. Tobruk c. Royal Navy d. Abyssinia Crisis", "pos": "Question: How many years after the 77 T was created was Austria-Hungary defeated? Passage:T2 was a seagoing torpedo boat that was operated by the Royal Yugoslav Navy between 1921 and 1941. Originally 77 T, a 250t-class torpedo boat of the Austro-Hungarian Navy built in 1913–1914, she was armed with two guns and four torpedo tubes, and could carry 10–12 naval mines. She saw active service during World War I, performing convoy, patrol, escort, minesweeping and minelaying tasks, anti-submarine operations, and shore bombardment missions. Following Austria-Hungary's defeat, 77 T was allocated to the Navy of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, which became the Royal Yugoslav Navy, and was renamed T2. At the time, she and seven other 250t-class boats were the only modern sea-going vessels of the fledgling maritime force. During the interwar period, T7 and the rest of the navy were involved in training exercises and cruises to friendly ports, but activity was limited by reduced naval budgets. She was scrapped in 1939.\n Links: a. Ship breaking b. World War I c. 250t-class torpedo boat d. Naval mine", "neg": "Question: How large in square miles is the body of water that the Defender was temporarily deployed to in late 1935? Passage:HMS Defender was a D-class destroyer built for the Royal Navy in the early 1930s. The ship was initially assigned to the Mediterranean Fleet before she was transferred to the China Station in early 1935. She was temporarily deployed in the Red Sea during late 1935 during the Abyssinia Crisis, before returning to her assigned station where she remained until mid-1939. Defender was transferred back to the Mediterranean Fleet just before World War II began in September 1939. She briefly was assigned to West Africa for convoy escort duties in 1940 before returning to the Mediterranean. The ship participated in the Battles of Calabria, Cape Spartivento, and Cape Matapan over the next year without damage. Defender assisted in the evacuations from Greece and Crete in April–May 1941, before she began running supply missions to Tobruk, Libya in June. The ship was badly damaged by a German bomber on one of those missions and had to be scuttled by her consort on 11 July 1941.\n Links: a. Battle of Cape Matapan b. Red Sea c. Battle of Cape Matapan d. China Station (Royal Navy)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}328{"query": "Question: Where did Sheehan's team play their home games when he was playing for an indoor football team in the CIFL? Passage:Tyler Allen Sheehan is a former American football quarterback. Sheehan played collegiately at Bowling Green State University after a standout career at La Salle High School in Cincinnati, Ohio. After going undrafted in the 2010 NFL Draft, he signed with Houston Texans, where he was released after training camp. In 2011, he signed with the Cincinnati Commandos of the Continental Indoor Football League. Sheehan led the Commandos to a perfect 10-0 regular season, winning the league's MVP award. In the playoffs, Sheehan led the Commandos to the 2011 CIFL Championship Game, where they defeated the Marion Blue Racers 44-29. After the Commandos season ended, Sheehan signed with the Arizona Rattlers of the Arena Football League, but never appeared in a game. In 2012, Sheehan returned to the Commandos and led them to a 7-2 record, this time in the United Indoor Football League. The Commandos took the first place seed into the playoffs, and won Ultimate Bowl II 62-44 over the Florida Tarpons.\n Links: a. Houston Texans b. Cincinnati c. Cincinnati Commandos d. Cincinnati Commandos", "pos": "Question: Did Tyler Sheehan attend high school and college in the same state? Passage:Tyler Allen Sheehan is a former American football quarterback. Sheehan played collegiately at Bowling Green State University after a standout career at La Salle High School in Cincinnati, Ohio. After going undrafted in the 2010 NFL Draft, he signed with Houston Texans, where he was released after training camp. In 2011, he signed with the Cincinnati Commandos of the Continental Indoor Football League. Sheehan led the Commandos to a perfect 10-0 regular season, winning the league's MVP award. In the playoffs, Sheehan led the Commandos to the 2011 CIFL Championship Game, where they defeated the Marion Blue Racers 44-29. After the Commandos season ended, Sheehan signed with the Arizona Rattlers of the Arena Football League, but never appeared in a game. In 2012, Sheehan returned to the Commandos and led them to a 7-2 record, this time in the United Indoor Football League. The Commandos took the first place seed into the playoffs, and won Ultimate Bowl II 62-44 over the Florida Tarpons.\n Links: a. 2010 NFL Draft b. Florida Tarpons c. Bowling Green State University d. Houston Texans", "neg": "Question: Which team in the CIFL Championship Game had a better regular season record when Sheehan led his team to victory? Passage:Tyler Allen Sheehan is a former American football quarterback. Sheehan played collegiately at Bowling Green State University after a standout career at La Salle High School in Cincinnati, Ohio. After going undrafted in the 2010 NFL Draft, he signed with Houston Texans, where he was released after training camp. In 2011, he signed with the Cincinnati Commandos of the Continental Indoor Football League. Sheehan led the Commandos to a perfect 10-0 regular season, winning the league's MVP award. In the playoffs, Sheehan led the Commandos to the 2011 CIFL Championship Game, where they defeated the Marion Blue Racers 44-29. After the Commandos season ended, Sheehan signed with the Arizona Rattlers of the Arena Football League, but never appeared in a game. In 2012, Sheehan returned to the Commandos and led them to a 7-2 record, this time in the United Indoor Football League. The Commandos took the first place seed into the playoffs, and won Ultimate Bowl II 62-44 over the Florida Tarpons.\n Links: a. CIFL Championship Game b. Cincinnati Commandos c. Florida Tarpons d. La Salle High School (Cincinnati, Ohio)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}329{"query": "Question: What date did the Volunteers lose 33-20? Passage:The 1997 Tennessee Volunteers football team represented the University of Tennessee during the 1997 NCAA Division I-A football season. Quarterback Peyton Manning had already completed his degree in three years, and had been projected to be the top overall pick in the 1997 NFL Draft, but returned to Tennessee for his senior year. The Volunteers opened the season with victories against Texas Tech and UCLA, but for the third time in his career, Manning fell to Florida, 33–20. The Vols won the rest of their regular season games, finishing 10–1, and advanced to the SEC Championship Game against Auburn. Down 20–7, Manning led the Vols to a 30–29 victory. Throwing for four touchdowns, he was named the game's MVP, but injured himself in the process. The #3 Vols were matched up with #2 Nebraska in the Orange Bowl. Had Tennessee won and top-ranked Michigan lost to Washington State in the Rose Bowl, the Vols would have been expected to win the national championship. However, the Vols' defense could not stop Nebraska's rushing attack, giving up more than 400 yards on the ground in a 42–17 loss. As a senior, Manning won numerous awards. He was a consensus first-team All-American and won the Maxwell Award, the Davey O'Brien Award, the Johnny Unitas Award, and the Best College Football Player ESPY Award, among others. However, he did not win the Heisman Trophy, finishing runner-up to Charles Woodson, a CB from Michigan, and the only defensive player ever to win the Heisman Trophy.\n Links: a. University of Tennessee b. Heisman Trophy c. Maxwell Award d. Charles Woodson", "pos": "Question: What state was the college from that the Volunteers beat in the SEC Championship game? Passage:The 1997 Tennessee Volunteers football team represented the University of Tennessee during the 1997 NCAA Division I-A football season. Quarterback Peyton Manning had already completed his degree in three years, and had been projected to be the top overall pick in the 1997 NFL Draft, but returned to Tennessee for his senior year. The Volunteers opened the season with victories against Texas Tech and UCLA, but for the third time in his career, Manning fell to Florida, 33–20. The Vols won the rest of their regular season games, finishing 10–1, and advanced to the SEC Championship Game against Auburn. Down 20–7, Manning led the Vols to a 30–29 victory. Throwing for four touchdowns, he was named the game's MVP, but injured himself in the process. The #3 Vols were matched up with #2 Nebraska in the Orange Bowl. Had Tennessee won and top-ranked Michigan lost to Washington State in the Rose Bowl, the Vols would have been expected to win the national championship. However, the Vols' defense could not stop Nebraska's rushing attack, giving up more than 400 yards on the ground in a 42–17 loss. As a senior, Manning won numerous awards. He was a consensus first-team All-American and won the Maxwell Award, the Davey O'Brien Award, the Johnny Unitas Award, and the Best College Football Player ESPY Award, among others. However, he did not win the Heisman Trophy, finishing runner-up to Charles Woodson, a CB from Michigan, and the only defensive player ever to win the Heisman Trophy.\n Links: a. 1997 SEC Championship Game b. 1997 UCLA Bruins football team c. Maxwell Award d. University of Tennessee", "neg": "Question: Which team won the Rose Bowl the year that Vols lost the Orange Bowl? Passage:The 1997 Tennessee Volunteers football team represented the University of Tennessee during the 1997 NCAA Division I-A football season. Quarterback Peyton Manning had already completed his degree in three years, and had been projected to be the top overall pick in the 1997 NFL Draft, but returned to Tennessee for his senior year. The Volunteers opened the season with victories against Texas Tech and UCLA, but for the third time in his career, Manning fell to Florida, 33–20. The Vols won the rest of their regular season games, finishing 10–1, and advanced to the SEC Championship Game against Auburn. Down 20–7, Manning led the Vols to a 30–29 victory. Throwing for four touchdowns, he was named the game's MVP, but injured himself in the process. The #3 Vols were matched up with #2 Nebraska in the Orange Bowl. Had Tennessee won and top-ranked Michigan lost to Washington State in the Rose Bowl, the Vols would have been expected to win the national championship. However, the Vols' defense could not stop Nebraska's rushing attack, giving up more than 400 yards on the ground in a 42–17 loss. As a senior, Manning won numerous awards. He was a consensus first-team All-American and won the Maxwell Award, the Davey O'Brien Award, the Johnny Unitas Award, and the Best College Football Player ESPY Award, among others. However, he did not win the Heisman Trophy, finishing runner-up to Charles Woodson, a CB from Michigan, and the only defensive player ever to win the Heisman Trophy.\n Links: a. 1997 Florida Gators football team b. 1997 Washington State Cougars football team c. 1997 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team d. 1997 Michigan Wolverines football team", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}330{"query": "Question: What year was Georgia Southern founded? Passage:The Georgia Southern Eagles football program represents Georgia Southern University in football as part of the Sun Belt Conference under head coach Chad Lunsford. The Eagles have won six FCS (I-AA) national championships and have produced two Walter Payton Award winners. The Eagles first continuously fielded a football team in 1924; however, play was suspended for World War II and revived in 1981. The Eagles competed as an FCS independent from 1984 until 1992 as the Eagles' main conference at the time, the Trans America Athletic Conference (now known as the Atlantic Sun Conference), did not sponsor football, and as a member of the Southern Conference from 1993 until 2013, winning 10 SoCon championships. Georgia Southern joined the Sun Belt Conference upon transitioning to the FBS level in 2014. The Eagles won the Sun Belt Conference championship outright in its first year as an FBS member. Georgia Southern's main Sun Belt rival is Appalachian State.\n Links: a. World War II b. Georgia Southern University c. Atlantic Sun Conference d. Atlantic Sun Conference", "pos": "Question: How many championships did the team that Fairbanks's 1970 team tie in the  Bluebonnet Bowl  win? Passage:Fairbanks lost four games in each of the next three seasons. Despite the relatively mediocre record of those years, several great players came through Fairbanks's program. One of those players was Steve Owens. After an impressive year in 1969, despite Oklahoma's 6–4 record, Owens was named the Sooners' second Heisman Trophy winner. It did not take long for Fairbanks to return the team to form. He and his offensive co-ordinator Barry Switzer helped implement the use of the wishbone offense. Fairbanks' 1970 team tied Bear Bryant's Alabama Crimson Tide in the Bluebonnet Bowl to finish the season ranked #20. They began the 1971 season ranked number ten. In consecutive weeks, they beat #17 USC, #3 Texas and #6 Colorado. These early-season wins propelled them to a #2 national ranking and set the stage for one of the great college football games of the century against top-ranked Nebraska. Led by quarterback Jack Mildren and running back Greg Pruitt, Oklahoma was a scoring machine, averaging 44.5 points per game, the second highest in team history. The offense set the all-time NCAA single-season rushing record at 472.4 yards per game, a record which still stands to this day. Equally impressive that season was Pruitt's nine yards per carry, and Mildren is often referred to as \"the Godfather of the wishbone\" by University of Oklahoma football fans. On November 25, 1971, Nebraska edged Oklahoma, 35–31 in the Game of the Century what was to be the only loss of the season for Oklahoma. Oklahoma went on to beat Oklahoma State and fifth ranked Auburn to finish the season ranked number two. Fairbanks closed out his career at Oklahoma the following year with a win in the Sugar Bowl over Penn State after having lost once all season, to Colorado. Following this season, Fairbanks accepted a position with the NFL's New England Patriots.\n Links: a. 1971 Auburn Tigers football team b. 1970 Alabama Crimson Tide football team c. 1972 Penn State Nittany Lions football team d. 1971 USC Trojans football team", "neg": "Question: How long was Heisman head coach at Auburn? Passage:During those two years Warner also played two games against John Heisman, another future coaching legend. Heisman was the head coach at Auburn University, and they faced each other in the 1895 and 1896 games of the \"Deep South's Oldest Rivalry,\" an annual confrontation which has continued to the present day. In 1895, the Auburn Tigers defeated the Bulldogs 12–6. The Auburn team was led by quarterback Reynolds \"Tick\" Tichenor, known for his punt returns. Tichenor had executed the first \"hidden-ball trick\" in an earlier Auburn game against Vanderbilt, and used it again against Georgia. The next year, Tichenor faced Georgia's Richard Von Albade Gammon, a star quarterback in his first year under Warner. Both quarterbacks played well and, unlike the previous year, Warner's team won 16–6. The second touchdown came right after the first onside kick in the South.\n Links: a. 1896 Georgia Bulldogs football team b. Quarterback c. 1896 Georgia Bulldogs football team d. Auburn University", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}331{"query": "Question: Which of the people who Grant collaborated with on X-Man had the longest career? Passage:At Dark Horse Comics, Grant wrote several limited and ongoing series in the short-lived Dark Horse shared superhero continuity, including the entire two-year run of the series X. His creation Enemy, published by Dark Horse, was optioned and produced as a Fox pilot, but ultimately did not air. He wrote numerous stories for DC Comics in the 1990s and created new versions of Manhunter and the Challengers of the Unknown. He continued to periodically write for Marvel Comics, his last major contribution being X-Man in collaboration with Warren Ellis and Ariel Olivetti. Among his other creator-owned works of the 1990s were the superhero comic Edge, with Gil Kane, published by Malibu Comics/Bravura, and the crime series Damned with Mike Zeck, published by WildStorm.\n Links: a. Warren Ellis b. Gil Kane c. Malibu Comics d. Challengers of the Unknown", "pos": "Question: Which comic had more issues; Sub-Mariner or Aquaman? Passage:He was spun off into his own title, the 1968–74 series Sub-Mariner. The super-villain Tiger Shark was introduced in issue #5 by writer Roy Thomas and artist John Buscema and the super-hero Stingray in issue #19 by Thomas and Bill Everett. Some of the later issues of this Sub-Mariner series are notable for having been written and drawn by the character's creator, Bill Everett, shortly before his death; as well, they reintroduced a now-older Namora, and introduced her daughter, Namorita Prentiss. By now more of a reluctant superhero \"the Sub-Mariner was perfect for the Marvel Age of angst-ridden protagonists. Noble yet misunderstood, powerful yet thwarted ... [he was] portrayed as a regal monarch – a king without a country.\" The final issue, #72 (Sept. 1974), was written by Steve Skeates and featured an unofficial intercompany crossover with the last issue of DC Comics' Aquaman series. A five- to six-page backup feature, \"Tales of Atlantis\", chronicling the undersea kingdom from its ancient origins, appeared in issues #62–66 (June–Oct. 1973), written by Gerber, with penciling by Howard Chaykin and later Jim Mooney. After the cancellation of Sub-Mariner, Namor co-starred with Doctor Doom in the Super-Villain Team-Up series. The series suffered from mediocre sales due to its lack of a stable creative team, and following issue #13 Namor was dropped from the co-star spot.\n Links: a. Aquaman b. Steve Skeates c. Steve Skeates d. John Buscema", "neg": "Question: What other comic book series did the person who penciled issue #18 of marvel Super-Heroes work on? Passage:Vance Astro first appeared as a founding member of the Guardians of the Galaxy. According to Roy Thomas, all of the Guardians of the Galaxy were created in a conference between Arnold Drake and Stan Lee, but it remains uncertain whether each individual character was created by Drake, Lee, or both. The Guardians of the Galaxy debuted in the partial reprint title Marvel Super-Heroes with issue #18 (Jan. 1969), written by Drake and penciled by Gene Colan. After five years' absence, he was revived in several Marvel titles: Marvel Two-In-One #4-5 (July-Sept. 1974), Giant Size Defenders #5, and Defenders #26-29 (July-Nov. 1975). In each case, other heroes such as Captain America, the Thing, and the Defenders aid Astro and the Guardians against the alien Badoon. The first story established that if Vance Astro's containment suit were breached, he would age 1,000 years in a second. This drew numerous queries from readers, and the letters page in Marvel Two-in-One #7 responded by stating that Vance feeds and defecates intravenously. The Guardians were also featured in Marvel Presents #3-12 (Feb. 1976 - Aug. 1977).\n Links: a. Defenders (comics) b. Marvel Super-Heroes (comics) c. Stan Lee d. Marvel Two-in-One", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}332{"query": "Question: What city is home to the library that deemed the film \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant?\" Passage:The Italian is a 1915 American silent film feature which tells the story of an Italian gondolier who comes to the United States to make his fortune but instead winds up working as a shoeshiner and experiencing tragedy while living with his wife and child in a tenement on New York's Lower East Side. The film was produced by Thomas H. Ince, directed by Reginald Barker, and co-written by C. Gardner Sullivan and Ince. The film stars stage actor George Beban in the title role as the Italian immigrant, Pietro \"Beppo\" Donnetti. In 1991, this film was deemed \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\" by the United States Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry.\n Links: a. United States b. Reginald Barker c. George Beban d. Library of Congress", "pos": "Question: Is the place where Ezio performed Beethoven's Ninth Symphony older than 100 years? Passage:Pinza sang once again under the baton of Toscanini in 1935, this time with the New York Philharmonic Orchestra, as the bass soloist in performances of Beethoven's Missa Solemnis. One of these performances was broadcast by CBS and preserved on transcription discs; this recording has been issued on LPs and CDs. He also sang in Toscanini's February 6, 1938, NBC Symphony Orchestra's broadcast performance of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony. These performances both took place in Carnegie Hall. In March 1942, Pinza was arrested at his home and unjustly detained 3 months on Ellis Island with hundreds of other Italian-Americans who were suspected of supporting the Axis. The incident was extremely traumatic for Pinza, and he suffered from severe depression for years afterward. In October 1947, he performed the role of Méphistophélès in Guonod's Faust opposite his daughter, soprano Claudia Pinza Bozzolla, as Marguerite at the San Francisco Opera.\n Links: a. Missa solemnis (Beethoven) b. NBC Symphony Orchestra c. Faust (opera) d. Carnegie Hall", "neg": "Question: Was the producer of the film alive in 1940? Passage:The Italian is a 1915 American silent film feature which tells the story of an Italian gondolier who comes to the United States to make his fortune but instead winds up working as a shoeshiner and experiencing tragedy while living with his wife and child in a tenement on New York's Lower East Side. The film was produced by Thomas H. Ince, directed by Reginald Barker, and co-written by C. Gardner Sullivan and Ince. The film stars stage actor George Beban in the title role as the Italian immigrant, Pietro \"Beppo\" Donnetti. In 1991, this film was deemed \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\" by the United States Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry.\n Links: a. Thomas H. Ince b. Library of Congress c. C. Gardner Sullivan d. Lower East Side", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}333{"query": "Question: When was the employer of Davies in 1976 founded? Passage:Davies gained a PPE degree from Oxford University in 1974, and started his journalism career in 1976, working as a trainee for the Mirror Group in Plymouth. He then moved to London initially to work for the Sunday People and spent a year working for The Evening Standard before becoming a news reporter at The Guardian in July 1979. Since then he has worked as home affairs correspondent at The Observer; chief feature writer at London Daily News in 1986 and on-screen reporter for World in Action and Channel 4's Dispatches. After the London Daily News folded he moved to the United States for a year, where he wrote White Lies, about the wrongful conviction of a black janitor, Clarence Brandley, for the murder of a white girl. From 1989 Davies was a freelance reporter for The Guardian, for which contributed articles, working from his home in Sussex. He was the winner of the first Martha Gellhorn Prize for Journalism in 1999. In September 2016 he retired, announcing that he would travel in search of interesting experiences. His website states he was last seen somewhere between a yoga shala in Indonesia and a cattle ranch in northern Argentina.\n Links: a. The Sunday People b. The Guardian c. Reach plc d. Channel 4", "pos": "Question: When was the newspaper founded that Davies joined in July 1979? Passage:Davies gained a PPE degree from Oxford University in 1974, and started his journalism career in 1976, working as a trainee for the Mirror Group in Plymouth. He then moved to London initially to work for the Sunday People and spent a year working for The Evening Standard before becoming a news reporter at The Guardian in July 1979. Since then he has worked as home affairs correspondent at The Observer; chief feature writer at London Daily News in 1986 and on-screen reporter for World in Action and Channel 4's Dispatches. After the London Daily News folded he moved to the United States for a year, where he wrote White Lies, about the wrongful conviction of a black janitor, Clarence Brandley, for the murder of a white girl. From 1989 Davies was a freelance reporter for The Guardian, for which contributed articles, working from his home in Sussex. He was the winner of the first Martha Gellhorn Prize for Journalism in 1999. In September 2016 he retired, announcing that he would travel in search of interesting experiences. His website states he was last seen somewhere between a yoga shala in Indonesia and a cattle ranch in northern Argentina.\n Links: a. Clarence Brandley b. Dispatches (TV programme) c. The Guardian d. Channel 4", "neg": "Question: How old is the university that Davies gained a PPE degree from in 1974? Passage:Davies gained a PPE degree from Oxford University in 1974, and started his journalism career in 1976, working as a trainee for the Mirror Group in Plymouth. He then moved to London initially to work for the Sunday People and spent a year working for The Evening Standard before becoming a news reporter at The Guardian in July 1979. Since then he has worked as home affairs correspondent at The Observer; chief feature writer at London Daily News in 1986 and on-screen reporter for World in Action and Channel 4's Dispatches. After the London Daily News folded he moved to the United States for a year, where he wrote White Lies, about the wrongful conviction of a black janitor, Clarence Brandley, for the murder of a white girl. From 1989 Davies was a freelance reporter for The Guardian, for which contributed articles, working from his home in Sussex. He was the winner of the first Martha Gellhorn Prize for Journalism in 1999. In September 2016 he retired, announcing that he would travel in search of interesting experiences. His website states he was last seen somewhere between a yoga shala in Indonesia and a cattle ranch in northern Argentina.\n Links: a. Philosophy, politics and economics b. University of Oxford c. Evening Standard d. The Sunday People", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}334{"query": "Question: Was George W. Bush's suggested amendment ever enacted? Passage:Catania was the first openly gay member of the D.C. Council and one of a small number of openly gay Republican office-holders. This led to a conflict within his party when President George W. Bush spoke in favor of an amendment to the United States Constitution to ban same-sex marriage. Catania opposed the amendment and became a vocal opponent of Bush's 2004 re-election. In response, the District of Columbia Republican Committee decertified him as a delegate to the 2004 Republican National Convention. Catania announced his endorsement of the Democratic presidential candidate, John Kerry, one week prior to the convention. In September 2004, Catania left the party and became an independent, citing his displeasure with its direction on urban and social issues. He was re-elected in 2006 and 2010 as an independent.\n Links: a. Democratic Party (United States) b. Federal Marriage Amendment c. Same-sex marriage in the United States d. Constitution of the United States", "pos": "Question: Which of the candidates that Barron supported in the 2012 primaries ended up on the presidential ballot? Passage:Before the 2012 Republican primary, Barron helped organize the \"Draft Cheney 2012\" movement, which was to convince the former vice president Cheney to seek the Republican presidential nomination in 2012. Early in the 2012 Republican primary process, Barron endorsed Herman Cain for the 2012 U.S. presidential election. After Cain dropped out, Barron endorsed Republican and later Libertarian Party presidential candidate Gary Johnson for the 2012 U.S. presidential election. He was a delegate to the 2012 Libertarian National Convention. In the 2012 Republican primary in the District of Columbia, Barron voted for Ron Paul. In October 2012, however, he announced he had decided to support and vote for Mitt Romney for President, even while continuing to serve as a D.C. elector for Johnson.\n Links: a. Libertarian Party (United States) b. 2012 Libertarian National Convention c. Dick Cheney d. Herman Cain", "neg": "Question: Have either of the candidates in the 2004 Presidential election been married more than once? Passage:Catania was the first openly gay member of the D.C. Council and one of a small number of openly gay Republican office-holders. This led to a conflict within his party when President George W. Bush spoke in favor of an amendment to the United States Constitution to ban same-sex marriage. Catania opposed the amendment and became a vocal opponent of Bush's 2004 re-election. In response, the District of Columbia Republican Committee decertified him as a delegate to the 2004 Republican National Convention. Catania announced his endorsement of the Democratic presidential candidate, John Kerry, one week prior to the convention. In September 2004, Catania left the party and became an independent, citing his displeasure with its direction on urban and social issues. He was re-elected in 2006 and 2010 as an independent.\n Links: a. 2004 United States presidential election b. Federal Marriage Amendment c. District of Columbia Republican Party d. George W. Bush", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}335{"query": "Question: Which plane was retired first, Junkers Ju 88 or Avro Anson? Passage:By August 1940 the Battle of Britain was intensifying. Most of the battles thus far were in daylight, leaving night-fighter crews frustrated. Now based at RAF Digby in Lincolnshire and operating from the satellite airfield at Wellingore the unit formed part of No. 12 Group RAF defending British air space north of London. On the night of 24 August 1940 Braham took off and patrolled the Humberside area. The Blenheim was piloted by Braham, and contained air gunner Sergeant Wilsdon and aircraftman and trained radar operator N. Jacobson. Braham was directed to an aircraft held in searchlights but he closed too fast and overshot. His gunner succeeded in damaging the aircraft sufficiently and a searchlight crew saw it crash into the sea. It was identified as a Heinkel He 111. Braham's only other interaction with the enemy occurred at Ternhill, when a Junkers Ju 88 dropped bombs on the airfield destroying 13 Avro Ansons and damaged 20 more. Braham survived the attack uninjured.\n Links: a. Ternhill b. Aircraftman c. Junkers Ju 88 d. Ternhill", "pos": "Question: When did the operation during which the 704th dropped supplies to allied troops near Nijmegen begin? Passage:The group was occasionally diverted from strategic missions to carry out air support and interdiction missions. It supported Operation Overlord, the invasion of Normandy by attacking transportation targets, including bridges, along with airfields and strong points in France. On D Day, the squadron and the rest of the 446th Group led the first heavy bomber mission of the day. The 446th aided ground forces at Caen and Saint-Lô during July by hitting bridges, gun batteries, and enemy troops. During Operation Market Garden, the attempt to seize a bridgehead across the Rhine in the Netherlands, the 704th dropped supplies to allied troops near Nijmegen. It struck lines of communications during the Battle of the Bulge. During Operation Varsity in March 1945, it supplied ground and airborne troops near Wesel. The squadron flew its last combat mission on 25 April 1945 against Salzburg, Austria. The group had flown 273 missions and had lost 58 aircraft during the war,\n Links: a. Operation Overlord b. Interdiction c. Operation Market Garden d. Operation Market Garden", "neg": "Question: What was the total number of Junker Ju 88 planes ever built? Passage:By August 1940 the Battle of Britain was intensifying. Most of the battles thus far were in daylight, leaving night-fighter crews frustrated. Now based at RAF Digby in Lincolnshire and operating from the satellite airfield at Wellingore the unit formed part of No. 12 Group RAF defending British air space north of London. On the night of 24 August 1940 Braham took off and patrolled the Humberside area. The Blenheim was piloted by Braham, and contained air gunner Sergeant Wilsdon and aircraftman and trained radar operator N. Jacobson. Braham was directed to an aircraft held in searchlights but he closed too fast and overshot. His gunner succeeded in damaging the aircraft sufficiently and a searchlight crew saw it crash into the sea. It was identified as a Heinkel He 111. Braham's only other interaction with the enemy occurred at Ternhill, when a Junkers Ju 88 dropped bombs on the airfield destroying 13 Avro Ansons and damaged 20 more. Braham survived the attack uninjured.\n Links: a. Junkers Ju 88 b. Junkers Ju 88 c. No. 12 Group RAF d. Junkers Ju 88", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}336{"query": "Question: How far south of Dara was the location of Maurice's battle in 586? Passage:Maurice had to continue the war against the Persians. In 586 his troops defeated them at the Battle of Solachon south of Dara. In 588, a mutiny by unpaid Byzantine troops against their new commander, Priscus, seemed to offer the Sassanids a chance for a breakthrough, but the mutineers themselves repulsed the ensuing Persian offensive. Later in the year they secured a major victory before Martyropolis. The Sassanid commander, Maruzas, was killed, several of the Persian leaders were captured along with 3,000 other prisoners, and only a thousand men survived to reach refuge at Nisibis. The Byzantines secured much booty, including the Persian battle standards, and sent them, along with Maruzas' head, to Maurice in Constantinople. In 590 two Parthian brothers, Vistahm and Vinduyih, overthrew King Hormizd IV and made the latter's son, Prince Khosrau II, the new King. The former Persian commander-in-chief, Bahram Chobin, who had rebelled against Hormizd IV, claimed the throne for himself and defeated Khosrau. Khosrau and the two Parthians fled to the Byzantine court. Although the Senate unanimously advised against it, Maurice helped Khosrau regain his throne with an army of 35,000 men. In 591 the combined Byzantine-Persian army under generals John Mystacon and Narses defeated Bahram Chobin's forces near Ganzak at the Battle of Blarathon. The victory was decisive; Maurice finally brought the war to a successful conclusion with the re-accession of Khosrau.\n Links: a. Narses (general under Maurice) b. Battle of Solachon c. Narses (general under Maurice) d. Maruzas", "pos": "Question: Which of the Parthian brothers who overthrew King Hormizd IV was born first? Passage:Maurice had to continue the war against the Persians. In 586 his troops defeated them at the Battle of Solachon south of Dara. In 588, a mutiny by unpaid Byzantine troops against their new commander, Priscus, seemed to offer the Sassanids a chance for a breakthrough, but the mutineers themselves repulsed the ensuing Persian offensive. Later in the year they secured a major victory before Martyropolis. The Sassanid commander, Maruzas, was killed, several of the Persian leaders were captured along with 3,000 other prisoners, and only a thousand men survived to reach refuge at Nisibis. The Byzantines secured much booty, including the Persian battle standards, and sent them, along with Maruzas' head, to Maurice in Constantinople. In 590 two Parthian brothers, Vistahm and Vinduyih, overthrew King Hormizd IV and made the latter's son, Prince Khosrau II, the new King. The former Persian commander-in-chief, Bahram Chobin, who had rebelled against Hormizd IV, claimed the throne for himself and defeated Khosrau. Khosrau and the two Parthians fled to the Byzantine court. Although the Senate unanimously advised against it, Maurice helped Khosrau regain his throne with an army of 35,000 men. In 591 the combined Byzantine-Persian army under generals John Mystacon and Narses defeated Bahram Chobin's forces near Ganzak at the Battle of Blarathon. The victory was decisive; Maurice finally brought the war to a successful conclusion with the re-accession of Khosrau.\n Links: a. Bahram Chobin b. Vistahm c. Battle of Blarathon d. Sasanian civil war of 589-591", "neg": "Question: Who commanded the Magyars in the battle where they were routed by the Bulgarian army? Passage:With the ascendance of Simeon I to the throne in 893, the long-lasting peace with the Byzantine Empire established by his father was about to end. A conflict arose when Byzantine Emperor Leo VI the Wise, acting under pressure from his wife Zoe Zaoutzaina and her father, Stylianos Zaoutzes, moved the marketplace for Bulgarian goods from Constantinople to Thessaloniki, where Bulgarian merchants were heavily taxed. Forced to take action, in the autumn of 894 Simeon invaded the Byzantine Empire from the north, meeting little opposition due to the concentration of most Byzantine forces in eastern Anatolia to counter Arab invasions. Informed of the Bulgarian offensive, the surprised Leo sent an army consisting of guardsmen and other military units from the capital to halt Simeon, but his troops were routed somewhere in the theme of Macedonia.The Magyars managed to defeat Simeon's army twice, but in 896 they were routed in the Battle of Southern Buh. The war ended in 896 with a great Bulgarian victory near Bulgarophygon in Eastern Thrace. The market was returned to Constantinople, and the Byzantine Emperor had to pay annual tribute to Bulgaria. More importantly, with help from the Pechenegs Simeon successfully fended off a Magyar invasion, which was coordinated with the Byzantines.\n Links: a. Battle of Southern Buh b. Macedonia (theme) c. Battle of Southern Buh d. Hungarians", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}337{"query": "Question: How long had Sumatra been a Dutch colony for by the year Groenewegen arrived there? Passage:Han Groenewegen worked in the Hague as a freelance architect from 1920 to 1927. Before establishing his own firm, he used to work for the contractor R. Rutgers in the Hague. One of his few works in the Netherlands is the Church of the Holy Heart of Jesus in Schiedam. During the Great Depression, Groenewegen left the Netherlands to established his own new firm in the Dutch East Indies. Many other architects were left for the Indies during the period, e.g. Albert Aalbers. Groenewegen arrived in Medan (on the island of Sumatra) in 1927 to work on the plan for a hospital, the St. Elisabeth's Hospital (1929-1930). He was active in Medan from 1927 to 1942 to work for the Oostkust. Like Schoemaker for the city of Bandung, Gronewegen can be considered as representative of modernist Nieuwe Bouwen in Medan. Among Groenewegen's extensive portfolio in Medan are the expansion of Medan Cathedral (1928), Arnhem Insurance (now Museum Perjuangan TNI, 1930), the Roman Catholic Chinese church in Polonia (1934), Princess Beatrix School (now Immanuel Christian School, 1938), Medan swimming pool (1939), and Oranjeschool (1941). Unlike many of his colleagues however, Groenewegen remained in Indonesia following the independence of the country.\n Links: a. Sumatra b. Charles Prosper Wolff Schoemaker c. Immaculate Conception of Mary Cathedral, Medan d. Immaculate Conception of Mary Cathedral, Medan", "pos": "Question: How old was the architect who designed part of the Marienlyst Castle when it was built? Passage:Hans van Steenwinckel, the royal architect, designed and built the original pavilion and parterre garden in 1587, for King Frederick II of Denmark. The royal estate was then purchased in 1758 by Count Adam Gottlob Moltke, who completely changed the original pavilion and garden with the help of French architect Nicolas-Henri Jardin between 1759 and 1763. The additions led to its present-day architectural structure and façade. Jardin also redesigned the original parterre gardens, changing them to a larger, more modern garden à la française design, with symmetrical hedges, avenues, fountains and mirror ponds. Within the castle wall boundaries, these elegant garden grounds remain to a large extent intact, but outside, much of the garden has been lost, including the most renowned romantic landscape garden in Denmark, designed by Johan Ludvig Mansa in the 1790s. This was mostly due to the sale of much of the original property by the Helsingør municipality which had purchased the entire Marienlyst estate at auction in 1851. One of the lot purchasers was J.S. Nathanson, who in 1859 built Hotel Marienlyst, the first luxury hotel in Helsingør, named after the castle.\n Links: a. Hans van Steenwinckel the Elder b. Count c. Architect d. Frederick II of Denmark", "neg": "Question: Who is the mayor of the city that the Church of the Holy Heart of Jesus is located in? Passage:Han Groenewegen worked in the Hague as a freelance architect from 1920 to 1927. Before establishing his own firm, he used to work for the contractor R. Rutgers in the Hague. One of his few works in the Netherlands is the Church of the Holy Heart of Jesus in Schiedam. During the Great Depression, Groenewegen left the Netherlands to established his own new firm in the Dutch East Indies. Many other architects were left for the Indies during the period, e.g. Albert Aalbers. Groenewegen arrived in Medan (on the island of Sumatra) in 1927 to work on the plan for a hospital, the St. Elisabeth's Hospital (1929-1930). He was active in Medan from 1927 to 1942 to work for the Oostkust. Like Schoemaker for the city of Bandung, Gronewegen can be considered as representative of modernist Nieuwe Bouwen in Medan. Among Groenewegen's extensive portfolio in Medan are the expansion of Medan Cathedral (1928), Arnhem Insurance (now Museum Perjuangan TNI, 1930), the Roman Catholic Chinese church in Polonia (1934), Princess Beatrix School (now Immanuel Christian School, 1938), Medan swimming pool (1939), and Oranjeschool (1941). Unlike many of his colleagues however, Groenewegen remained in Indonesia following the independence of the country.\n Links: a. New Indies Style b. New Indies Style c. Schiedam d. Schiedam", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}338{"query": "Question: How many different directors did Prada work with in 1976 and 1977? Passage:When Jaya Prada was a teenager, she performed a dance at her school's annual function. A film director in the audience offered her a three-minute dance number in the Telugu film Bhoomi Kosam. She was hesitant, but her family encouraged her to accept it. She was paid only 10 rupees for her work in the film, but the rushes of those three minutes of film were shown to the major figures of the Telugu film industry. Major filmmakers offered her starring roles in quality films, and she accepted them. She became a huge star in 1976 with major hit films. Director K. Balachander's black-and-white film Anthuleni Katha (1976) showcased her dramatic skills; K. Viswanath's color film Siri Siri Muvva (1976) showed her playing a mute girl with excellent dancing skills; and her title role as Sita in the big-budget mythological film Seetha Kalyanam confirmed her versatility. In 1977, she starred in Adavi Ramudu, which broke box office records and which permanently cemented her star status. The song \"Aaresukoboyi Paresukunnanu\" performed by Prada and co-star N.T. Rama Rao became a mass hit. Important filmmakers were casting her and repeating her in their films. Filmmaker Vijay introduced her to Kannada cinema in his 1977 super-hit movie Sanadi Appanna alongside Kannada matinee idol Raj Kumar. The movie is also known to be the only movie to feature shehnai rendition by Ustad Bismillah Khan. Jaya Prada repeated her successful pairing with Rajkumar in films such as Huliya Halina Mevu (1979), Kaviratna Kalidasa (1983) and Shabdavedhi (2000). In 1979, K. Balachander repeated her in the Tamil film Ninaithale Inikkum opposite Kamal Haasan and Rajinikanth in which she played a terminally-ill patient. She continued to act in more films in Telugu opposite actors such NTR, ANR, Krishna, Krishnam Raju and Sobhan Babu throughout the 70s and 80s. K. Viswanath remade Siri Siri Muvva (1976) in Hindi as Sargam, introducing Jayaprada to Bollywood in 1979. The film was successful and she became a star there as well. She earned her first Filmfare nomination as Best Actress but couldn't capitalize on her success since she couldn't speak Hindi.\n Links: a. Adavi Ramudu (1977 film) b. Filmfare c. Shehnai d. Anthuleni Katha", "pos": "Question: Which of Padukone's releases in 2014 made more money? Passage:Padukone's performances in her four releases of 2013 earned her various accolades. She was nominated for the Producers Guild Film Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role and won IIFA Jodi of the Year (along with Ranbir Kapoor) for the blockbuster romantic comedy Yeh Jawaani Hai Deewani (2013). She subsequently won Best Actress awards at the IIFA and Zee Cine awards and earned additional Filmfare Best Actress nomination for her performance of a Tamil girl on the run in the blockbuster romantic comedy Chennai Express (2013). She also received her first Filmfare Award for Best Actress for her role of a Gujarati girl based on William Shakespeare's Juliet character in the tragic romance Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-Leela (2013). Her performances in the satirical road comedy Finding Fanny (2014) and the heist comedy Happy New Year (2014) won the Star of the Year (Female) award at Stardust. The following year, she received various accolades for her role as a Bengali architect in the comedy-drama Piku, including her second Best Actress award at the Filmfare, Screen, Producers Guild and IIFA awards along with Zee Cine Best Actress Critics Award. Additionally, Padukone won Stardust Award for Best Actress for her performances in the former and the romantic drama Tamasha (2015). That same year, for her role as Mastani in the historical romance Bajirao Mastani (2015), she received additional Best Actress nominations from the Filmfare, IIFA, Producers Guild Awards and won Zee Cine Best Actress award.\n Links: a. Stardust Award for Best Actress b. Tamils c. Tamils d. Finding Fanny", "neg": "Question: What director offered Prada a role in the film Bhoomi Kosam? Passage:When Jaya Prada was a teenager, she performed a dance at her school's annual function. A film director in the audience offered her a three-minute dance number in the Telugu film Bhoomi Kosam. She was hesitant, but her family encouraged her to accept it. She was paid only 10 rupees for her work in the film, but the rushes of those three minutes of film were shown to the major figures of the Telugu film industry. Major filmmakers offered her starring roles in quality films, and she accepted them. She became a huge star in 1976 with major hit films. Director K. Balachander's black-and-white film Anthuleni Katha (1976) showcased her dramatic skills; K. Viswanath's color film Siri Siri Muvva (1976) showed her playing a mute girl with excellent dancing skills; and her title role as Sita in the big-budget mythological film Seetha Kalyanam confirmed her versatility. In 1977, she starred in Adavi Ramudu, which broke box office records and which permanently cemented her star status. The song \"Aaresukoboyi Paresukunnanu\" performed by Prada and co-star N.T. Rama Rao became a mass hit. Important filmmakers were casting her and repeating her in their films. Filmmaker Vijay introduced her to Kannada cinema in his 1977 super-hit movie Sanadi Appanna alongside Kannada matinee idol Raj Kumar. The movie is also known to be the only movie to feature shehnai rendition by Ustad Bismillah Khan. Jaya Prada repeated her successful pairing with Rajkumar in films such as Huliya Halina Mevu (1979), Kaviratna Kalidasa (1983) and Shabdavedhi (2000). In 1979, K. Balachander repeated her in the Tamil film Ninaithale Inikkum opposite Kamal Haasan and Rajinikanth in which she played a terminally-ill patient. She continued to act in more films in Telugu opposite actors such NTR, ANR, Krishna, Krishnam Raju and Sobhan Babu throughout the 70s and 80s. K. Viswanath remade Siri Siri Muvva (1976) in Hindi as Sargam, introducing Jayaprada to Bollywood in 1979. The film was successful and she became a star there as well. She earned her first Filmfare nomination as Best Actress but couldn't capitalize on her success since she couldn't speak Hindi.\n Links: a. Bhoomi Kosam b. Adavi Ramudu (1977 film) c. Bhoomi Kosam d. K. Balachander", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}339{"query": "Question: Was the actress who played Angela in the miniseries originally from America? Passage:The book was made into an eight-hour miniseries (4 episodes - 2 hr. each) that aired on CBS Nov 12th, 13th, 14th, and 15th, 1978. It starred David Janssen as Steven, Kate Mulgrew as Steven's first lover Darlene (renamed Tony in the TV version), Florinda Bolkan as Angela, James Whitmore as George Wheeler, Eddie Albert as Ogden Towery, Geraldine Chaplin as Naomi Dunn, Hurd Hatfield as Cedric Plummer, John Huston as Nathan Randall, John McEnery as Florian Knight, Ron Moody as LeBrun, Diana Muldaur as Claire Randall, Janice Rule as Barbara Randall, Martha Scott as Sarah Randall, Nicol Williamson as Maertin de Vroome, and Mario Scaccia as Prof. Monti. Tessie O'Shea, a British singer who does not appear in the book, makes a cameo as herself. A cut, 3 hour version was released on VHS in 1996. The entire miniseries has never been released on home video in any form.\n Links: a. Florinda Bolkan b. Diana Muldaur c. David Janssen d. John McEnery", "pos": "Question: How many episodes were made of the show that Lange returned to television for in 1966? Passage:Lange returned to television for a 1966 role on the series The Fugitive (1963). She starred from 1968 to 1970 on the television series, The Ghost & Mrs. Muir for which she earned two Emmy Awards and a Golden Globe Award nomination. This success was followed by three seasons on The New Dick Van Dyke Show as Dick Van Dyke's wife, Jenny Preston, from 1971 to 1974, after which she declined to return for a fourth season of the show. She also appeared in twelve television movies, one being Crowhaven Farm where she played the role of a witch. In 1977, she returned to the Broadway stage where her acting career had originally begun. She also played the murdered wife of Charles Bronson's vigilante character in Death Wish (1974). In 1985, she appeared in , and in 1986, she took a role as Laura Dern's mother in David Lynch's Blue Velvet. She took a Broadway role in Same Time, Next Year and then made appearances in the television movie based on Danielle Steel's Message from Nam and in Clear and Present Danger (1994).\n Links: a. The Fugitive (TV series) b. Dick Van Dyke c. The Fugitive (TV series) d. The New Dick Van Dyke Show", "neg": "Question: On what network did the television film adaptation of Mitch Albom's book first appear? Passage:In 1999, Moniz landed a role in the primetime CBS drama pilot Partners. In the same year, she starred as the female lead in the critically acclaimed television film adaptation of Mitch Albom's book Tuesdays with Morrie. She later was a series regular in the short-lived NBC comedy series Battery Park opposite Elizabeth Perkins. In fall of 2000, Moniz was cast as a series regular in the role of Rachel McCabe in the sixth and final season of the CBS series Nash Bridges. She later starred as Louisa \"Lulu\" Archer on the CBS series The Guardian opposite Simon Baker. The series aired from 2001 to 2004. Moniz guest starred in an episode of the NBC legal drama Law & Order in 2005, and had a recurring role as Stacey Walker in the ABC short-lived comedy-drama Big Shots in 2007. She later appeared as Jill Burnham on the FX series Damages from 2009 to 2010. In 2010 she was cast as Tom Selleck's love interest in the CBS police drama Blue Bloods, but the role was recast with Andrea Roth. She later appeared in the recurring role of Llanview Mayor Finn - who succeeds the exiting Mayor Dorian Lord on the ABC daytime soap opera One Life to Live in 2011. She also appeared in the ABC series 666 Park Avenue in 2012.\n Links: a. Dorian Lord b. Battery Park (TV series) c. Tuesdays with Morrie (film) d. American Broadcasting Company", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}340{"query": "Question: What is the name of the stadium that the team plays at that signed Rentería in 1992? Passage:Born in Barranquilla, Colombia, Rentería was signed by the Florida Marlins in 1992. He debuted with them in 1996, and he finished second to Todd Hollandsworth in Rookie of the Year Award balloting. In 1997, his RBI single off Charles Nagy in the eleventh inning of Game 7 of the 1997 World Series won the first World Series in Marlins' history. He was selected to his first All-Star Game in 1998, and he was traded to the St. Louis Cardinals following the season. He was the starting shortstop for the Cardinals for six years, and he was selected to the All-Star Game in 2000, 2003, and 2004. In 2002 and 2003 he won the Silver Slugger and Gold Glove Awards. Following the 2004 season, he signed with the Boston Red Sox. After a year with them, he was traded to the Atlanta Braves. He was selected to another All-Star Game in 2006, but following the 2007 season he was traded to the Detroit Tigers. After 2008, he became a free agent, and he signed with the San Francisco Giants. In the 2010 World Series, Rentería won the World Series Most Valuable Player Award after he hit game-winning home runs in Game 2 and Game 5. He became a free agent again after the season, and he signed with the Cincinnati Reds.\n Links: a. Miami Marlins b. Atlanta Braves c. 2010 World Series d. 2010 World Series", "pos": "Question: Has the team the Padres played on August 23 been at the same stadium for the entirety of their existence? Passage:Although in 2008 Baseball America projected Venable as an every day starter for the Padres in 2010, some experts questioned whether he would be a long-term solution in center field for the team. Venable started the 2009 season with the Padres' Triple-A affiliate, Portland Beavers, but he was recalled by the Padres on June 3. His father, Max, served as the Beavers' hitting coach in 2009. Following the July 5 trade of Scott Hairston to the Oakland Athletics, Venable shared right field with Kyle Blanks. On July 12 against the San Francisco Giants, he had his first home run of the season in his first career four-hit game. Between July 30 and August 5, he homered in five of seven games. In an August 23 game against the St. Louis Cardinals, he was involved in a bench-clearing incident when Albert Pujols thought he threw an elbow while being tagged out. In 2009, he posted 12 home runs and tallied 38 runs batted in (RBI), while defensively 493.2 of his 643 innings were spent in right field and only 117 in center field.\n Links: a. 2009 St. Louis Cardinals season b. Portland Beavers c. Albert Pujols d. 2009 San Francisco Giants season", "neg": "Question: Which of the last two teams that Rentería signed with has won more World Series titles? Passage:Born in Barranquilla, Colombia, Rentería was signed by the Florida Marlins in 1992. He debuted with them in 1996, and he finished second to Todd Hollandsworth in Rookie of the Year Award balloting. In 1997, his RBI single off Charles Nagy in the eleventh inning of Game 7 of the 1997 World Series won the first World Series in Marlins' history. He was selected to his first All-Star Game in 1998, and he was traded to the St. Louis Cardinals following the season. He was the starting shortstop for the Cardinals for six years, and he was selected to the All-Star Game in 2000, 2003, and 2004. In 2002 and 2003 he won the Silver Slugger and Gold Glove Awards. Following the 2004 season, he signed with the Boston Red Sox. After a year with them, he was traded to the Atlanta Braves. He was selected to another All-Star Game in 2006, but following the 2007 season he was traded to the Detroit Tigers. After 2008, he became a free agent, and he signed with the San Francisco Giants. In the 2010 World Series, Rentería won the World Series Most Valuable Player Award after he hit game-winning home runs in Game 2 and Game 5. He became a free agent again after the season, and he signed with the Cincinnati Reds.\n Links: a. Boston Red Sox b. World Series Most Valuable Player Award c. San Francisco Giants d. Colombia", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}341{"query": "Question: How many months/years passed between the signing of the Adams-Onis Treaty and the acquisition of Florida? Passage:Born in Braintree, Massachusetts, Adams spent much of his youth in Europe, where his father served as a diplomat. After returning to the United States, Adams established a successful legal practice in Boston. In 1794, President George Washington appointed Adams as the U.S. ambassador to the Netherlands, and Adams would serve in high-ranking diplomatic posts until 1801, when Thomas Jefferson took office as president. Federalist leaders in Massachusetts arranged for Adams's election to the United States Senate in 1802, but Adams broke with the Federalist Party over foreign policy and was denied re-election. In 1809, Adams was appointed as the U.S. ambassador to Russia by President James Madison, a member of the Democratic-Republican Party. Adams held diplomatic posts for the duration of Madison's presidency, and he served as part of the American delegation that negotiated an end to the War of 1812. In 1817, newly-elected President James Monroe selected Adams as his Secretary of State. In that role, Adams negotiated the Adams–Onís Treaty, which provided for the American acquisition of Florida. He also helped formulate the Monroe Doctrine, which became a key tenet of U.S. foreign policy.\n Links: a. George Washington b. Braintree, Massachusetts c. Adams–Onís Treaty d. Florida", "pos": "Question: Is the city that was captured that enabled Spain to recover East Florida now the capital of the Bahamas? Passage:The rivalry with Britain also led him to support the American revolutionaries in their War of Independence despite his misgivings about the example it would set for the Spanish Colonies. During the war, Spain recovered Menorca and British West Florida in military campaigns, but failed to regain Gibraltar. Spanish military operations in West Florida and on the Mississippi River helped the Thirteen Colonies secure their southern and western frontiers from British attack. The capture of Nassau in the Bahamas enabled Spain to also recover East Florida during peace negotiations. The Treaty of Paris of 1783 confirmed the recovery of the Floridas and Menorca, and restricted the actions of British commercial interests in Central America.\n Links: a. West Florida b. American Revolutionary War c. Nassau, Bahamas d. The Bahamas", "neg": "Question: In what year was the Adams-Onis Treaty signed? Passage:Born in Braintree, Massachusetts, Adams spent much of his youth in Europe, where his father served as a diplomat. After returning to the United States, Adams established a successful legal practice in Boston. In 1794, President George Washington appointed Adams as the U.S. ambassador to the Netherlands, and Adams would serve in high-ranking diplomatic posts until 1801, when Thomas Jefferson took office as president. Federalist leaders in Massachusetts arranged for Adams's election to the United States Senate in 1802, but Adams broke with the Federalist Party over foreign policy and was denied re-election. In 1809, Adams was appointed as the U.S. ambassador to Russia by President James Madison, a member of the Democratic-Republican Party. Adams held diplomatic posts for the duration of Madison's presidency, and he served as part of the American delegation that negotiated an end to the War of 1812. In 1817, newly-elected President James Monroe selected Adams as his Secretary of State. In that role, Adams negotiated the Adams–Onís Treaty, which provided for the American acquisition of Florida. He also helped formulate the Monroe Doctrine, which became a key tenet of U.S. foreign policy.\n Links: a. James Monroe b. George Washington c. Netherlands d. Adams–Onís Treaty", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}342{"query": "Question: Which of the two people who represented Tipperary and Cork had the longest career? Passage:The 1970s began with Tipperary and Cork being respectively represented by Tadhg O'Connor and Paddy Barry. Kilkenny's captain from 1969 and a player regarded as one of the greatest forwards of all time, Eddie Keher, was introduced next. Keher was followed onto the field of play by Wexford's 1968 captain, Dan Quigley, and Kilkenny's 1967 captain, Jim Treacy. At the time Quigley was the last Wexford man to captain his county to the All-Ireland title. Gerald McCarthy was one of the youngest captains to take to the field. He was only twenty years-old when he guided Cork to the All-Ireland title in 1966. He was followed by Mick Murphy, Tipperary's victorious captain of 1964 and Séamus Cleere, Kilkenny's captain of 1963. Jimmy Doyle, regarded by many as one of the greatest players of all time and the All-Ireland winning captain of 1962 and 1965, was followed by Matt Hassett who guided Tipperary to the title in 1961. Frankie Walsh of Waterford, the last man to captain his county to a championship, followed before Tipperary's 1958 All-Ireland-winning captain Tony Wall took to the field.\n Links: a. Tadhg O'Connor b. Tadhg O'Connor c. Eddie Keher d. Mick Murphy (Tipperary hurler)", "pos": "Question: How old was the Galway captain when he lifted the trophy after the team won an All-Ireland title? Passage:In the 1998 championship, led by Mayo-born manager John O'Mahony, Galway won their first round encounter with Mayo, before overcoming Leitrim by 1-16 to 0-05 in the semi-final. The first final ended as a draw, 11 points apiece with Roscommon, but Galway won the replay in Hyde Park. In the semis, Galway came up against Ulster champions Derry, and won by 0-16 to 1-09. In the final the team faced a Kildare team that had just beaten the previous year's champions, Kerry, and were coached by 8 time All-Ireland winning manager Mick O'Dwyer. Galway went into the final as underdogs, but outstanding performances from Ja Fallon and Michael Donnellan in that match, along with a superbly taken goal from a young Padraig Joyce, helped Galway overcome the Lilywhites by 1-14 to 1-10. Captain Ray Silke lifted the Sam Maguire, and Galway became the first Connacht team in 32 years to win an All-Ireland title.\n Links: a. Ray Silke b. Leitrim GAA c. Derry GAA d. Dr. Hyde Park", "neg": "Question: Which of Frank O'Neills teammates when he played for the rovers scored the most career goals? Passage:O'Neill signed for Shamrock Rovers for £3000 in September 1961 after playing well on Rovers' tour of North America that summer. He scored twice on his debut against Waterford United on 17 September, in a 4–0 win in the League of Ireland Shield. He went on to become a prominent member of the Rovers team that won the FAI Cup six times in a row during the 1960s. He, along with Pat Courtney, is a holder of the six in a row medals. During his career with Rovers he played over 300 games. His teammates at the club during this era included Liam Tuohy, Johnny Fullam, Pat Dunne, Bobby Gilbert, Mick Leech and Paddy Mulligan. During the 1965–66 season O'Neill scored 6 goals during the FAI Cup run including one in the final against Limerick. In 1967, he also scored a penalty in the final, a 3–2 win against St. Patrick's Athletic. He scored a further 2 goals during the 1968–69 Cup run. During the summer of 1967, O'Neill also played for Rovers when they competed as Boston Rovers in the United Soccer Association league. O'Neill also scored 2 goals for Rovers, one in each game, during a European Cup Winners Cup tie against CA Spora Luxembourg, helping them to an 8–2 aggregate win . In total he played 18 times in European competition.\n Links: a. CA Spora Luxembourg b. Limerick F.C. c. Liam Tuohy (footballer) d. Waterford F.C.", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}343{"query": "Question: What is the best-known work of the designer of the Triune sculpture? Passage:One Meridian Plaza was a 38-story high-rise office building designed by Vincent Kling & Associates. Construction on the tower began in 1968, was completed in 1972 and approved for occupancy in 1973. Built at the corner of 15th Street and South Penn Square in Center City, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the $40 million high-rise was built adjacent to the Girard Trust Building, now the Ritz-Carlton Philadelphia, and the front faced Philadelphia City Hall across the street. It was formerly named Three Girard Plaza (see below). The rectangular building was long and wide and contained . Of the 38 floors, 36 were occupiable and 2 were mechanical floors. The structure also had 3 underground levels. The building's structure was composed of steel and concrete and the facade was a granite curtain wall. There were two helipads on the roof. The building's eastern stairwell connected the building to the adjacent Girard Trust Building, known as Two Girard Plaza. At one point there were plans to build a structure to the south of the building that would share one of the elevator banks in the high-rise, but nothing came of the plans mainly because the two sites had different owners. On the northwest corner of the property is a bronze sculpture called \"Triune.\" Designed by Robert Engman the abstract sculpture was not damaged in the 1991 fire and was still there in 1999. The following year the builders of The Residences at The Ritz-Carlton announced that they were considering demolishing the sculpture. In the end the statue was retained and still stands at the location it was originally installed at as of 2014.\n Links: a. Robert Engman b. Robert Engman c. Storey d. Granite", "pos": "Question: Who designed and built the building directly adjacent to One Meridian Plaza? Passage:One Meridian Plaza was a 38-story high-rise office building designed by Vincent Kling & Associates. Construction on the tower began in 1968, was completed in 1972 and approved for occupancy in 1973. Built at the corner of 15th Street and South Penn Square in Center City, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the $40 million high-rise was built adjacent to the Girard Trust Building, now the Ritz-Carlton Philadelphia, and the front faced Philadelphia City Hall across the street. It was formerly named Three Girard Plaza (see below). The rectangular building was long and wide and contained . Of the 38 floors, 36 were occupiable and 2 were mechanical floors. The structure also had 3 underground levels. The building's structure was composed of steel and concrete and the facade was a granite curtain wall. There were two helipads on the roof. The building's eastern stairwell connected the building to the adjacent Girard Trust Building, known as Two Girard Plaza. At one point there were plans to build a structure to the south of the building that would share one of the elevator banks in the high-rise, but nothing came of the plans mainly because the two sites had different owners. On the northwest corner of the property is a bronze sculpture called \"Triune.\" Designed by Robert Engman the abstract sculpture was not damaged in the 1991 fire and was still there in 1999. The following year the builders of The Residences at The Ritz-Carlton announced that they were considering demolishing the sculpture. In the end the statue was retained and still stands at the location it was originally installed at as of 2014.\n Links: a. Ritz-Carlton Philadelphia b. Robert Engman c. Philadelphia City Hall d. Ritz-Carlton Philadelphia", "neg": "Question: How many feet tall is the KCTV-Tower? Passage:The Nelson-Atkins Museum opened its Euro-Style Bloch addition in 2007, and the Safdie-designed Kauffman Center for the Performing Arts opened in 2011. The Power and Light Building is influenced by the Art Deco style and sports a glowing sky beacon. The new world headquarters of H&R Block is a 20-story all-glass oval bathed in a soft green light. The four industrial artworks atop the support towers of the Kansas City Convention Center (Bartle Hall) were once the subject of ridicule, but now define the night skyline near the new Sprint Center along with One Kansas City Place (Missouri's tallest office tower), the KCTV-Tower (Missouri's tallest freestanding structure) and the Liberty Memorial, a World War I memorial and museum that flaunts simulated flames and smoke billowing into the night skyline. It was designated as the National World War I Museum and Memorial in 2004 by the United States Congress. Kansas City is home to significant national and international architecture firms including ACI Boland, BNIM, 360 Architecture, HNTB, Populous. Frank Lloyd Wright designed two private residences and Community Christian Church there.\n Links: a. HNTB b. Kansas City Convention Center c. KCTV d. 360 Architecture", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}344{"query": "Question: What Texas county was Irving Loeb Goldberg born in? Passage:Born in Port Arthur, Texas, Goldberg received a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Texas at Austin in 1926 and a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1929. He was in private practice in Beamont, Texas in 1929, in Houston, Texas in 1930, and in Taylor, Texas in 1931. He was an in-house counsel at The Murray Company in Dallas, Texas from 1932 to 1934, returning to private practice in Dallas from 1934 to 1942. He was a United States Naval Reserve Lieutenant during World War II from 1942 to 1946. He was thereafter again in private practice in Dallas until 1966, becoming lead name partner at Goldberg, Fonville, Gump & Strauss (now Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld).\n Links: a. Port Arthur, Texas b. Port Arthur, Texas c. Houston d. Bachelor of Laws", "pos": "Question: Who is the mayor of the town Archer was born in? Passage:Born in Densmore, Kansas, Archer moved to Topeka, Kansas where he attended public high school. Archer received a Bachelor of Arts degree in English literature from Yale University in 1952 and a Juris Doctor, with honors, from George Washington University Law School in 1954. He served as a First Lieutenant in the Judge Advocate General's Office of the United States Air Force from 1954 to 1956. He entered private practice in Washington, D.C., as an associate in the law firm of Hamel, Park, McCabe and Saunders from 1956 to 1960 and a partner from 1960 to 1981. Archer served as Assistant Attorney General in charge of the United States Department of Justice Tax Division from 1982 to 1984.\n Links: a. Densmore, Kansas b. Kansas c. United States Department of Justice Tax Division d. Washington, D.C.", "neg": "Question: What is the zip code of the city where Allred was in private practice between 1921 and 1923? Passage:Born on March 29, 1899, in Bowie, Texas, the son of Renne and Mary (Henson) Allred Sr., Allred graduated from Bowie High School in 1917. He enrolled at Rice Institute (now Rice University) but withdrew for financial reasons. He then served with the United States Immigration Service. He served in the United States Navy from 1918 to 1919. He received a Bachelor of Laws in 1921 from Cumberland School of Law (then part of Cumberland University, now part of Samford University). He was in private practice in Wichita Falls, Texas from 1921 to 1923 and from 1926 to 1931. He was district attorney in Wichita Falls from 1923 to 1926. He was Attorney General of Texas from 1931 to 1935. He was Governor of Texas from 1935 to 1939. He was an ardent Democrat and supporter of the New Deal policies of President Franklin D. Roosevelt.\n Links: a. Texas b. United States Navy c. Bowie, Texas d. Wichita Falls, Texas", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}345{"query": "Question: How much did the film referenced in the episode make at the box office? Passage:When Bart and Milhouse visit the local video arcade at the beginning of the episode, Martin Prince is seen playing an arcade game based on the 1981 film My Dinner with Andre. Other games at the arcade include a game based on the 1984 film The Terminator. The \"Springfield, Springfield\" number performed by Bart and Milhouse on their night out in town is a reference to the musical number \"New York, New York\" from the film On the Town, starring Gene Kelly and Frank Sinatra. During a scene in which Hans Moleman and Moe fight with knives, Hans tells Moe, \"You call that a knife? This is a knife!\", a reference to a line from the 1986 film \"Crocodile\" Dundee. Ernest Borgnine introduces himself a la Troy McClure to the Junior Campers by recalling his role in From Here to Eternity, a film which modern children are unlikely to have seen. During a hallucination, Homer imagines himself singing the song \"Sugar, Sugar\" by The Archies while dancing with lollipops and ice cream cones. While on the raft, Homer misquotes lines from Samuel Taylor Coleridge's The Rime of the Ancient Mariner when he says \"Water, water everywhere/So let's all have a drink.\" The scene in which Borgnine and the other rafters drift through a dark forest watched by mountain men is a reference to a scene in the 1972 film Deliverance, and the scene features the music from the film's \"Dueling Banjos\" scene. The unseen person or creature that attacks Borgnine at the end of the episode is implied to be Jason Voorhees from the Friday the 13th film series.\n Links: a. The Terminator b. Friday the 13th (franchise) c. My Dinner with Andre d. From Here to Eternity", "pos": "Question: Did the song that Homer sings place in the top 10 of the US charts? Passage:Additionally, Homer sings Billy Joel's 1983 song \"Uptown Girl\". After drinking the tainted juice, Grampa and Jasper sit on a bench, laughing like the title characters from the series Beavis and Butt-head, while Flanders hallucinates skeletons and dancing bears (images associated with the Grateful Dead), marching hammers (from Pink Floyd's 1982 film Pink Floyd—The Wall) and The Rolling Stones' lips and tongue logo. Mr. Burns' film is credited as \"An Alan Smithee Film\", a reference to the Alan Smithee pseudonym credit used by directors who wanted to be disassociated from a film on which they had lost creative control, to the detriment of the final product. When Barney drinks alcohol to prevent the bad effects from the tainted juice, a pink elephant comes to his rescue, referencing the scene in Dumbo where Dumbo and Timothy drink alcohol and see pink elephants. Seth and Munchie's dog is named Ginsberg, thought to be a reference to beat poet Allen Ginsberg. Homer putting the flowers in the policemen's rifles is a reference to the iconic October 22, 1967 Life magazine picture, \"Flower Power\" by Bernie Boston.\n Links: a. Dumbo b. Bernie Boston c. Billy Joel d. Pink Floyd – The Wall", "neg": "Question: How many times has Akira appeared on The Simpsons? Passage:The episode was written by Nell Scovell and directed by Wes Archer. In the episode, Bart and Lisa sneak into the sushi bar's karaoke room and sing the theme song to the 1971 film Shaft, \"Theme from Shaft\". The Fox network censors originally did not want the staff to use the song because they thought the lyrics were too obscene for television. In order to prove the censors wrong and show that it could appear on television, the staff dug up footage from an old Academy Awards ceremony at which the song was performed by Isaac Hayes. When the chef at the sushi bar finds out Homer has been poisoned, he yells at his apprentices in Japanese. The staff wanted the language they spoke to be actual Japanese, so they hired a Japanese actor who translated the lines for them. The episode introduced the character Akira, who has appeared many times later on the show. American actor George Takei provided the voice of Akira, although the character was voiced in later episodes by Hank Azaria. The episode featured many other guest appearances; Larry King as himself; Sab Shimono as the sushi bar chef; Joey Miyashima as Toshiro, the apprentice chef who slices up the fugu; and Diane Tanaka as hostess of the bar. King's role was first offered to American singer Bruce Springsteen, but he turned it down. According to showrunner Sam Simon, actor William Shatner also rejected the part.\n Links: a. List of recurring The Simpsons characters b. Shaft (1971 film) c. List of recurring The Simpsons characters d. Academy Awards", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}346{"query": "Question: Who did George Lady Sarah Sophia Fan heir Child & Co. to? Passage:Lord Jersey married Lady Sarah Sophia Fane, daughter of John Fane, 10th Earl of Westmorland, on 23 May 1804. She was the eldest grandchild and heiress of Robert Child, principal shareholder of the banking firm Child & Co. Lord Jersey added the surname Child to the Villiers surname by royal licence in 1819. Lady Jersey was one of the great hostesses of English society, a leader of the ton during the Regency era and the reign of George IV, and a patroness of Almack's. Lord Jersey was an ardent fox hunter and a breeder and trainer of horses, owning two Epsom Derby winners, in Mameluke (1827) and Bay Middleton (1836) as well as other notable thoroughbreds such as Glencoe. His wife's numerous love affairs did not trouble him: asked why he had never fought a duel to protect her honour, he replied that he could hardly fight every man in London.\n Links: a. John Fane, 10th Earl of Westmorland b. Epsom Derby c. Child & Co. d. Mameluke (British horse)", "pos": "Question: Who are the prominant Almack's? Passage:Lord Jersey married Lady Sarah Sophia Fane, daughter of John Fane, 10th Earl of Westmorland, on 23 May 1804. She was the eldest grandchild and heiress of Robert Child, principal shareholder of the banking firm Child & Co. Lord Jersey added the surname Child to the Villiers surname by royal licence in 1819. Lady Jersey was one of the great hostesses of English society, a leader of the ton during the Regency era and the reign of George IV, and a patroness of Almack's. Lord Jersey was an ardent fox hunter and a breeder and trainer of horses, owning two Epsom Derby winners, in Mameluke (1827) and Bay Middleton (1836) as well as other notable thoroughbreds such as Glencoe. His wife's numerous love affairs did not trouble him: asked why he had never fought a duel to protect her honour, he replied that he could hardly fight every man in London.\n Links: a. Epsom Derby b. Duel c. Almack's d. Mameluke (British horse)", "neg": "Question: Did John Fame have other children? Passage:Lord Jersey married Lady Sarah Sophia Fane, daughter of John Fane, 10th Earl of Westmorland, on 23 May 1804. She was the eldest grandchild and heiress of Robert Child, principal shareholder of the banking firm Child & Co. Lord Jersey added the surname Child to the Villiers surname by royal licence in 1819. Lady Jersey was one of the great hostesses of English society, a leader of the ton during the Regency era and the reign of George IV, and a patroness of Almack's. Lord Jersey was an ardent fox hunter and a breeder and trainer of horses, owning two Epsom Derby winners, in Mameluke (1827) and Bay Middleton (1836) as well as other notable thoroughbreds such as Glencoe. His wife's numerous love affairs did not trouble him: asked why he had never fought a duel to protect her honour, he replied that he could hardly fight every man in London.\n Links: a. Sarah Villiers, Countess of Jersey b. Almack's c. Sarah Villiers, Countess of Jersey d. Mameluke (British horse)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}347{"query": "Question: How many teams are in the organization that Stevens became the third youngest coach to have a 30 win season in? Passage:Born and raised in Zionsville, Indiana, Stevens starred on the Zionsville Community High School basketball team, setting four school records. After high school, he attended DePauw University, where he played basketball and earned a degree in economics. He made the all-conference team multiple times and was a three-time Academic All-America nominee. He transitioned into coaching after quitting his job at Eli Lilly and Company, joining the basketball program at Butler University as a volunteer prior to the 2000–01 season. He was promoted to a full-time assistant coach the following season. After five seasons in the role, he assumed the position of head coach on April 4, 2007, after Todd Lickliter left to coach the Iowa Hawkeyes. In his first year, Stevens led Butler to 30 wins, becoming the third-youngest head coach in NCAA Division I history to have a 30-win season.\n Links: a. Butler University b. Butler Bulldogs men's basketball c. NCAA Division I d. Butler University", "pos": "Question: What city did Stevens volunteer in after he quit his job at Eli Lilly and Company? Passage:Born and raised in Zionsville, Indiana, Stevens starred on the Zionsville Community High School basketball team, setting four school records. After high school, he attended DePauw University, where he played basketball and earned a degree in economics. He made the all-conference team multiple times and was a three-time Academic All-America nominee. He transitioned into coaching after quitting his job at Eli Lilly and Company, joining the basketball program at Butler University as a volunteer prior to the 2000–01 season. He was promoted to a full-time assistant coach the following season. After five seasons in the role, he assumed the position of head coach on April 4, 2007, after Todd Lickliter left to coach the Iowa Hawkeyes. In his first year, Stevens led Butler to 30 wins, becoming the third-youngest head coach in NCAA Division I history to have a 30-win season.\n Links: a. Butler Bulldogs men's basketball b. Zionsville, Indiana c. Butler University d. NCAA Division I", "neg": "Question: How long had the coach that Stevens replaced at Butler been coaching when he left for the Iowa Hawkeyes? Passage:Born and raised in Zionsville, Indiana, Stevens starred on the Zionsville Community High School basketball team, setting four school records. After high school, he attended DePauw University, where he played basketball and earned a degree in economics. He made the all-conference team multiple times and was a three-time Academic All-America nominee. He transitioned into coaching after quitting his job at Eli Lilly and Company, joining the basketball program at Butler University as a volunteer prior to the 2000–01 season. He was promoted to a full-time assistant coach the following season. After five seasons in the role, he assumed the position of head coach on April 4, 2007, after Todd Lickliter left to coach the Iowa Hawkeyes. In his first year, Stevens led Butler to 30 wins, becoming the third-youngest head coach in NCAA Division I history to have a 30-win season.\n Links: a. Todd Lickliter b. Todd Lickliter c. NCAA Division I d. NCAA Division I", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}348{"query": "Question: Which state is second to Mississippi in the rankings that Mississippi is the number one spot in? Passage:Christianity is the largest religion in the United States with the various Protestant Churches having the most adherents. In 2016, Christians represent 73.7% of the total population, 48.9% identifying as Protestants, 23.0% as Catholics, and 1.8% as Mormons, and are followed by people having no religion with 18.2% of the total population. Judaism is the second-largest religion in the U.S., practiced by 2.1% of the population, followed by Islam with 0.8%. Mississippi is the most religious state in the country, with 63% of its adult population described as very religious, saying that religion is important to them and attending religious services almost every week, while New Hampshire, with only 20% of its adult population described as very religious, is the least religious state. The most religious region of the United States is American Samoa (99.3% religious).\n Links: a. Protestantism b. Judaism c. American Samoa d. List of U.S. states and territories by religiosity", "pos": "Question: How much more of the vote percentage did Trump win than McCain? Passage:As part of Middle Tennessee, Grundy County has historically been one of the strongest Democratic counties in the state. It voted Democratic in every presidential election from 1912 to 2004, except for in 1968 (when segregationist George Wallace won the county), and 1972 when many traditional Democratic voters around the nation rejected the perceived radical liberal George McGovern in favor of incumbent Republican Richard Nixon. However, like most of the rural south, Grundy County has shifted towards the Republican Party in recent years, but was one of the last counties in Tennessee to make the switch to the party. The last Democratic Presidential candidate to win Grundy County was John Kerry in 2004, who won 18 out of Tennessee's 95 counties, whereas Al Gore won 36 in 2000. Grundy County was also won by Democratic U.S senate candidates Bob Clement in 2002 and Harold Ford Jr. in 2006, both of whom lost. Republican Presidential nominee John McCain won the county by nearly 13% in 2008, becoming the first Republican Presidential candidate to win Grundy County since Nixon won it 36 years earlier, and by 2016, Grundy County had taken a major shift toward the GOP, when Republican Donald Trump received 76% of the vote, a figure closer to what is usually seen in historically Republican East Tennessee counties.\n Links: a. 2016 United States presidential election in Tennessee b. George McGovern c. 2016 United States presidential election in Tennessee d. John McCain", "neg": "Question: Which of the nearby counties of the \"Tennessee Valley\"  has the largest population?  Passage:According to the United States Census 2013 estimate, the combined statistical area has a population of 1,313,105. It is the 42nd largest population sub-region in the United States, and the largest population region in Alabama, constituting roughly 1/4 of the state's population. It is the largest population region in Central Alabama. The northern counties of the metropolitan area overlap North Alabama known locally as the \"Tennessee Valley\" making it the largest metropolitan area in that region as well. Nearby counties Tuscaloosa, Etowah, and Calhoun, while not officially a part of Greater Birmingham, contribute significantly to the region's economy. The Birmingham media market covers these counties as well. Birmingham is part of the Piedmont Atlantic Megaregion containing an estimated 19 million people, while many residents also consider themselves part of the Deep South. It is classified as Southeast by the U.S. Census and also falls in the geographic area of the Upland South due to its location at the southern terminus of the Appalachian foothills. The entire MSA and CSA are within the congressional Appalachian Regional Commission's definition of Appalachia.\n Links: a. Tuscaloosa County, Alabama b. Appalachia c. Southeastern United States d. Piedmont Atlantic Megaregion", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}349{"query": "Question: How long had the Khanate of Bukhara been in existence when the Russians occupied the territory? Passage:In the spring of 1868 he made his first trip to the edge of Central Asia, traveling with a Russian merchant, Vasilii Alekseich, by steamboat down the Volga to Samara, then by carriage to Orenburg, which at the time was the base for Russian military operations The Russians had occupied the Khanate of Bukhara in 1866 and were advancing toward Samarkand. In 1868, Schuyler was a guest of Tolstoi for a week at his estate at Yasnaya Polyana, at the time when Tolstoi was finishing War and Peace. He helped Tolstoi rearrange his library, and went hunting with him. Tolstoi, who was interested in public education in the United States, asked Schuyler for copies of American primers and school textbooks. Schuyler received Tolstoi's permission to translate his novel The Cossacks into English. In 1869, the new Administration of President Ulysses Grant removed Schuyler from his post in Moscow and replaced him with a political appointee. Schuyler was able to obtain a post as consul to the Russian port of Reval (now Tallinn). In November, 1869, President Grant appointed a new Minister to Russia, Andrew Curtin, a former Governor of Pennsylvania who knew nothing of Russia. Curtin was impressed by Schuyler and appointed him as the secretary of the American legation in St. Petersburg, a post which Schuyler held until 1876.\n Links: a. Saint Petersburg b. Ulysses S. Grant c. Bukhara d. Samarkand", "pos": "Question: What is the population of the city where Schchapov earned his bachelor's degree? Passage:Afanasiy Shchapov was born in the village of Anga some 210 miles from Irkutsk, into a family of a Russian sexton and Buryat woman. Educated in Irkutsk, he moved to Kazan and became a student at Kazan Theological Academy (1852–1856). Upon receiving his Bachelor's degree, Shchapov began to deliver lectures on Russian history at his alma mater (1856–1860) and later at Kazan University (1860–1861). He also studied the Solovetsky Monastery library, which had been evacuated during the Crimean War to Kazan. Fascinated with the Solovetsky Uprising, Shchapov started writing articles about the Raskol and Old Believers. On April 16, 1861, he delivered a revolutionary speech dedicated to the victims of the Bezdna Unrest, after which he was arrested and escorted to St.Petersburg. After the investigation, Shchapov was dismissed as a teacher and appointed to the Ministry of the Interior as an official in charge of the sectarian affairs. In 1862, he was discharged and placed under police surveillance.\n Links: a. Old Believers b. Bezdna unrest c. Kazan d. Old Believers", "neg": "Question: Does the country that was governed by The Bogd Khanate border Russia? Passage:The Bogd Khanate of Mongolia was the government of Mongolia (Outer Mongolia) between 1911 and 1919 and again from 1921 to 1924. By the spring of 1911, some prominent Mongolian nobles including Prince Tögs-Ochiryn Namnansüren persuaded the Jebstundamba Khutukhtu to convene a meeting of nobles and ecclesiastical officials to discuss independence from the Manchu-led Qing China. On November 30, 1911 the Mongols established the Temporary Government of Khalkha. On December 29, 1911 the Mongols declared their independence from the collapsing Qing Empire following the Xinhai Revolution. They installed as theocratic sovereign the 8th Bogd Gegeen, highest authority of Tibetan Buddhism in Mongolia, who took the title Bogd Khaan or \"Holy Ruler\". The Bogd Khaan was last khagan of Mongolia. This ushered in the period of \"Theocratic Mongolia\", also known as the Bogd Khanate.\n Links: a. Mongolia b. Outer Mongolia c. Mongolia d. Khagan", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}350{"query": "Question: When did Elizabeth II die? Passage:Elizabeth II was the first reigning monarch of Australia to set foot on Australian soil, coming ashore at Farm Cove, Sydney, on 3 February 1954. She had two years earlier been en route to Australia when her father died while she was on a private visit to Kenya, forcing her to return to the United Kingdom. Once finally in Australia, with her husband the Duke of Edinburgh, she undertook a journey through the Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Tasmania, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia and Western Australia, including greeting 70,000 ex-servicemen and women at the Melbourne Cricket Ground and opening the Australian Parliament in Canberra. In all, the Queen travelled 10,000 miles by air, making approximately 33 flights, 2000 miles by road (130 hours in cars in 207 trips), visiting all capitals except Darwin and 70 country towns, many by special \"royal trains\". On one such train trip they visited Leuralla, at Leura, in the Blue Mountains. Twenty-seven years earlier, Harry Andreas of Leuralla had acted as a fishing guide for The Queen's parents, whilst the young Princess \"Lillibet\" was left at home with her grandparents, King George V and Queen Mary. This extensive travel allowed some 75 per cent of the Australian population to see the Queen at least once during the tour. At the conclusion of the tour the Prime Minister, Robert Menzies, stated in an article published in the Sydney Morning Herald:\n Links: a. Australian Capital Territory b. City of Blue Mountains c. Elizabeth II d. City of Blue Mountains", "pos": "Question: How long did Cleopatra rule after Alexander the Great's body was moved to Alexandria's communal mausoleum in 280 BC? Passage:On its way back to Macedonia, the funerary cart with Alexander's body was met in Syria by one of Alexander's generals, the future ruler Ptolemy I Soter. In late 322 or early 321 BC Ptolemy diverted the body to Egypt where it was interred in Memphis, Egypt. In the late 4th or early 3rd century BC Alexander's body was transferred from the Memphis tomb to Alexandria for reburial (by Ptolemy Philadelphus in c. 280 BC, according to Pausanias). Later Ptolemy Philopator placed Alexander's body in Alexandria's communal mausoleum. Shortly after the death of Cleopatra, Alexander's resting place was visited by Augustus, who is said to have placed flowers on the tomb and a golden diadem upon Alexander's head. By the 4th century AD the resting place of Alexander was no longer known; later authors, such as Ibn 'Abd al-Hakam, Al-Masudi and Leo the African, report having seen Alexander's tomb. Leo the African in 1491 and George Sandys in 1611 reportedly saw the tomb in Alexandria. According to one legend, the body lies in a crypt beneath an early Christian church.\n Links: a. Al-Masudi b. Augustus c. Cleopatra d. Memphis, Egypt", "neg": "Question: Who was the chief editor of the Sydney morning Herald in 1954? Passage:Elizabeth II was the first reigning monarch of Australia to set foot on Australian soil, coming ashore at Farm Cove, Sydney, on 3 February 1954. She had two years earlier been en route to Australia when her father died while she was on a private visit to Kenya, forcing her to return to the United Kingdom. Once finally in Australia, with her husband the Duke of Edinburgh, she undertook a journey through the Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Tasmania, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia and Western Australia, including greeting 70,000 ex-servicemen and women at the Melbourne Cricket Ground and opening the Australian Parliament in Canberra. In all, the Queen travelled 10,000 miles by air, making approximately 33 flights, 2000 miles by road (130 hours in cars in 207 trips), visiting all capitals except Darwin and 70 country towns, many by special \"royal trains\". On one such train trip they visited Leuralla, at Leura, in the Blue Mountains. Twenty-seven years earlier, Harry Andreas of Leuralla had acted as a fishing guide for The Queen's parents, whilst the young Princess \"Lillibet\" was left at home with her grandparents, King George V and Queen Mary. This extensive travel allowed some 75 per cent of the Australian population to see the Queen at least once during the tour. At the conclusion of the tour the Prime Minister, Robert Menzies, stated in an article published in the Sydney Morning Herald:\n Links: a. The Sydney Morning Herald b. Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh c. Mary of Teck d. Harry Andreas", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}351{"query": "Question: In what country did Filanovsky win bronze in the all-around in November 2014? Passage:In 2014, Veinberg Filanovsky finished 7th in all-around at the 2014 Corbeil-Essonnes World Cup, and qualified to all four event finals for the first time in her World Cup competitions. On May 30–June 1, she competed at the 2014 Minsk World Cup. On June 10–15, she competed at the 2014 European Championships and finished 12th in the all-around final. On September 5–7, at the 2014 World World Cup Final in Kazan, Russia, Veinberg Filanovsky finished 9th in all-around behind Neta Rivkin, and qualified to one event final, finishing 7th in clubs. On September 22–28, Veinberg Filanovsky (along with teammates Neta Rivkin and Martina Poplinsky) represented Israel at the 2014 World Championships where Team Israel finished in 4th place. She finished 12th in the all-around finals behind Kseniya Moustafaeva of France. On October 18–20, Veinberg Filanovsky competed at the 2014 Grand Prix Berlin and won the all-around silver behind Russia's Maria Titova, while in event finals she won silver medals in hoop, clubs and ribbon. On November 1–3, Veinberg Filanovsky won the all-around bronze at the 2014 Grand Prix Brno behind compatriot Neta Rivkin. In November 14–16, at the 2014 Grand Prix Final in Innsbruck, Austria, Veinberg Filanovsky finished 4th in the all-around behind Bulgaria's Neviana Vladinova. In event finals, she won silver in ball and two bronze (clubs, ribbon).\n Links: a. Neta Rivkin b. Rhythmic Gymnastics Grand Prix c. Rhythmic Gymnastics Grand Prix d. Rhythmic Gymnastics Grand Prix", "pos": "Question: Who won the all-around the year Filanovsky finished 7th at the Corbeil-Essonnes World Cup? Passage:In 2014, Veinberg Filanovsky finished 7th in all-around at the 2014 Corbeil-Essonnes World Cup, and qualified to all four event finals for the first time in her World Cup competitions. On May 30–June 1, she competed at the 2014 Minsk World Cup. On June 10–15, she competed at the 2014 European Championships and finished 12th in the all-around final. On September 5–7, at the 2014 World World Cup Final in Kazan, Russia, Veinberg Filanovsky finished 9th in all-around behind Neta Rivkin, and qualified to one event final, finishing 7th in clubs. On September 22–28, Veinberg Filanovsky (along with teammates Neta Rivkin and Martina Poplinsky) represented Israel at the 2014 World Championships where Team Israel finished in 4th place. She finished 12th in the all-around finals behind Kseniya Moustafaeva of France. On October 18–20, Veinberg Filanovsky competed at the 2014 Grand Prix Berlin and won the all-around silver behind Russia's Maria Titova, while in event finals she won silver medals in hoop, clubs and ribbon. On November 1–3, Veinberg Filanovsky won the all-around bronze at the 2014 Grand Prix Brno behind compatriot Neta Rivkin. In November 14–16, at the 2014 Grand Prix Final in Innsbruck, Austria, Veinberg Filanovsky finished 4th in the all-around behind Bulgaria's Neviana Vladinova. In event finals, she won silver in ball and two bronze (clubs, ribbon).\n Links: a. Kazan b. 2014 FIG Rhythmic Gymnastics World Cup series c. 2014 FIG Rhythmic Gymnastics World Cup series d. Kazan", "neg": "Question: In which event final did Romanova qualify for at the 2015 Holon Grand Prix? Passage:In 2015 Season, Romanova's first competition was at the 2015 L.A. Lights where she finished 5th in the all-around. At the 2015 Valentine Cup, she won bronze medals in the all around, hoop, ball and placed 4th in clubs and ribbon. In March 14–15, Romanova competed at the 2015 Baltic Hoop finishing 5th in all-around, she took silver in ball and bronze in hoop finals. In March 27–29, Romanova competed at the 2015 Lisboa World Cup finishing 11th in the all-around. In April 10–12, Romanova finished 16th in the all-around at the 2015 Pesaro World Cup. Romanova with teammates (Ganna Rizatdinova, Viktoria Mazur) competed at the 2015 European Championships where Team Ukraine won bronze. Romanova competed at the 2015 Holon Grand Prix finishing 12th in all-around and qualified to 1 event final. In June 15–21, Romanova competed at the inaugural 2015 European Games where she finished 16th in the all-around. In August, Romanova finished 18th in the all-around at the 2015 Sofia World Cup behind Varvara Filiou. In September 9–13, Romanova (together with teammates Ganna Rizatdinova and Viktoria Mazur) competed at the 2015 World Championships in Stuttgart, with Team Ukraine taking bronze. Romanova also dramatically qualifies to the individual all-around finals (0,008 points ahead of Viktoria Mazur), but misses it due to the foot injury (she was substituted by Viktoria Mazur).\n Links: a. Ganna Rizatdinova b. 2015 Rhythmic Gymnastics World Championships c. Rhythmic Gymnastics Grand Prix d. Viktoria Mazur", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}352{"query": "Question: Was the person Scott studied psychology with at Leipzig also married? Passage:Scott was born in Cooksville, Illinois near the town of Normal, Illinois. He lived on a farm until the age of 19 when he entered Illinois State Normal University. He remained at the university for two and a half years while teaching at country schools. With the aid of scholarship, he was able to attend Northwestern University in 1891 where he received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1895. He desired to become a university president in China, so he enrolled at McCormick Theological Seminary; however, upon his graduation in 1898, he could not find a position. Instead, he decided to go to Germany with his wife and study psychology with Wilhelm Wundt at the University of Leipzig. While there, he received his Doctorate of Philosophy in psychology and education in 1900.\n Links: a. Cooksville, Illinois b. Germany c. Normal, Illinois d. Wilhelm Wundt", "pos": "Question: When was the college Scott was able to attend thanks to a scholarship founded? Passage:Scott was born in Cooksville, Illinois near the town of Normal, Illinois. He lived on a farm until the age of 19 when he entered Illinois State Normal University. He remained at the university for two and a half years while teaching at country schools. With the aid of scholarship, he was able to attend Northwestern University in 1891 where he received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1895. He desired to become a university president in China, so he enrolled at McCormick Theological Seminary; however, upon his graduation in 1898, he could not find a position. Instead, he decided to go to Germany with his wife and study psychology with Wilhelm Wundt at the University of Leipzig. While there, he received his Doctorate of Philosophy in psychology and education in 1900.\n Links: a. Doctor of Philosophy b. Education c. Germany d. Northwestern University", "neg": "Question: When was the town Scott was born in founded? Passage:Scott was born in Cooksville, Illinois near the town of Normal, Illinois. He lived on a farm until the age of 19 when he entered Illinois State Normal University. He remained at the university for two and a half years while teaching at country schools. With the aid of scholarship, he was able to attend Northwestern University in 1891 where he received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1895. He desired to become a university president in China, so he enrolled at McCormick Theological Seminary; however, upon his graduation in 1898, he could not find a position. Instead, he decided to go to Germany with his wife and study psychology with Wilhelm Wundt at the University of Leipzig. While there, he received his Doctorate of Philosophy in psychology and education in 1900.\n Links: a. Cooksville, Illinois b. Bachelor of Arts c. Leipzig University d. Illinois State University", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}353{"query": "Question: Where does the body of water where Dr. Nelson G. Blalock established an agricultural operation originate? Passage:The community was named for the farm of Dr. Nelson G. Blalock, a Civil War veteran who had pioneered in the Walla Walla area. He established an agricultural operation of several thousand acres on the flat land here along the Columbia River. The area was first settled in 1879, and Blalock post office was established in 1881. The town was platted in 1881 by the Blalock Wheat Growing Company. The first two buildings, a railroad station and a warehouse, were built by A. J. McLellan, OR&N superintendent of the construction of bridges and buildings. By 1884, the community was shipping wheat and there were daily stagecoaches to Heppner; the population was 50. People and businesses listed in the Polk Directory at that time included two clergymen, a saloon, a wagonmaker, a ferryman, a hotel, a general store, a lawyer, and a dealer in lumber, coal, and feed. In 1904, the town handled about 750,000 bushels of wheat. By 1905, the town had two grain warehouses, a hotel, a general store, a livery and stage stable, a real estate office and an agricultural implement factory. In 1940, Blalock had a population of 19. The post office closed in 1959. In 1968, the community was inundated by the backwaters from the John Day Dam.\n Links: a. Columbia River b. General store c. Walla Walla, Washington d. Columbia River", "pos": "Question: How tall is the mountain range where the Snoqualmie and Skykomish Rivers originate? Passage:The Snohomish River forms at the confluence of the Snoqualmie and Skykomish Rivers just west of Monroe. Both of these rivers originate in the Cascades and drain the west slopes of the mountains in southeastern Snohomish County and northeastern King County. The Snohomish River flows generally northwestward from the confluence, passing under state route 522 and flowing alongside Lord Hill Park before reaching downtown Snohomish. Here, it is joined by the Pilchuck River, its main tributary, and flows under state route 9. From Snohomish, the river continues northwestward through a broad floodplain, forming the eastern boundary of the city of Everett. The final few miles of the river in Everett form the Snohomish River estuary, a river delta that features wetlands and tideflats spread out across various islands and arms of the river. Several bridges carry U.S. 2, Interstate 5, and state route 529 across the delta. The river then empties into Possession Sound, which is part of Puget Sound, between Everett and Marysville.\n Links: a. Cascade Range b. Skykomish River c. Washington State Route 9 d. Cascade Range", "neg": "Question: Is the Broad or Saluda river longer? Passage:The city is located approximately northwest of the geographic center of South Carolina, and is the primary city of the Midlands region of the state. It lies at the confluence of the Saluda River and the Broad River, which merge at Columbia to form the Congaree River. Columbia is home to the University of South Carolina, the state's flagship university and the largest in the state, and is also the site of Fort Jackson, the largest United States Army installation for Basic Combat Training. Columbia is also located 20 miles west of the site of McEntire Joint National Guard Base, which is operated by the U.S. Air Force and is used as a training base for the 169th Fighter Wing of The South Carolina Air National Guard. Columbia is also the location of the South Carolina State House, which is the center of government for the state. In 1860, the city was the location of the South Carolina Secession Convention, which marked the departure of the first state from the Union in the events leading up to the Civil War.\n Links: a. McEntire Joint National Guard Base b. Fort Jackson (South Carolina) c. Midlands of South Carolina d. Broad River (Carolinas)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}354{"query": "Question: What date was the general election that Llewelyn-Davies ran for the Wolverhampton South-West parliamentary seat held? Passage:Llewelyn-Davies entered the civil service in 1940 and served in the Ministry of War Transport, the Foreign Office, the Air Ministry and the Commonwealth Relations Office. She resigned to contest the Wolverhampton South-West parliamentary seat for Labour during the 1951 general election, but was defeated by the incumbent Conservative Enoch Powell. She subsequently unsuccessfully contested the Wandsworth Central seat in 1955 and 1959, but didn't stand for parliament again. With support of those in the Wilson government and the backing of close friend Richard Crossman, who described her in his diaries as \"the real politician\" when her husband was elevated to the peerage, she was created a life peer as Baroness Llewelyn-Davies of Hastoe, of Hastoe in the County of Hertfordshire on 29 August 1967. She went on to serve as a Government whip in the House of Lords between 1969 and 1970, and as Opposition Deputy Chief Whip from 1972. In 1973 she was elected Chief Whip, becoming the first woman to take charge of a whip's office in either house. On the return of the Labour Party to government in 1974 she became Captain of the Gentlemen-at-Arms (Government Chief Whip). In 1975, she became a Privy Counsellor. From 1979 to 1982 she was once again Opposition Chief Whip. From 1982 to 1987, she was Principal Deputy Chairman of Committees in the House of Lords, an office carrying with it the role of Chairman of the European Communities Committee.\n Links: a. 1951 United Kingdom general election b. Captain of the Honourable Corps of Gentlemen-at-Arms c. Richard Crossman d. 1951 United Kingdom general election", "pos": "Question: What is the population of the town that Llewelyn-Davies' peerage is named after? Passage:Llewelyn-Davies entered the civil service in 1940 and served in the Ministry of War Transport, the Foreign Office, the Air Ministry and the Commonwealth Relations Office. She resigned to contest the Wolverhampton South-West parliamentary seat for Labour during the 1951 general election, but was defeated by the incumbent Conservative Enoch Powell. She subsequently unsuccessfully contested the Wandsworth Central seat in 1955 and 1959, but didn't stand for parliament again. With support of those in the Wilson government and the backing of close friend Richard Crossman, who described her in his diaries as \"the real politician\" when her husband was elevated to the peerage, she was created a life peer as Baroness Llewelyn-Davies of Hastoe, of Hastoe in the County of Hertfordshire on 29 August 1967. She went on to serve as a Government whip in the House of Lords between 1969 and 1970, and as Opposition Deputy Chief Whip from 1972. In 1973 she was elected Chief Whip, becoming the first woman to take charge of a whip's office in either house. On the return of the Labour Party to government in 1974 she became Captain of the Gentlemen-at-Arms (Government Chief Whip). In 1975, she became a Privy Counsellor. From 1979 to 1982 she was once again Opposition Chief Whip. From 1982 to 1987, she was Principal Deputy Chairman of Committees in the House of Lords, an office carrying with it the role of Chairman of the European Communities Committee.\n Links: a. Hastoe b. Hastoe c. Foreign and Commonwealth Office d. Foreign and Commonwealth Office", "neg": "Question: How old was Enoch Powell when he defeated Llewelyn-Davies in the general election? Passage:Llewelyn-Davies entered the civil service in 1940 and served in the Ministry of War Transport, the Foreign Office, the Air Ministry and the Commonwealth Relations Office. She resigned to contest the Wolverhampton South-West parliamentary seat for Labour during the 1951 general election, but was defeated by the incumbent Conservative Enoch Powell. She subsequently unsuccessfully contested the Wandsworth Central seat in 1955 and 1959, but didn't stand for parliament again. With support of those in the Wilson government and the backing of close friend Richard Crossman, who described her in his diaries as \"the real politician\" when her husband was elevated to the peerage, she was created a life peer as Baroness Llewelyn-Davies of Hastoe, of Hastoe in the County of Hertfordshire on 29 August 1967. She went on to serve as a Government whip in the House of Lords between 1969 and 1970, and as Opposition Deputy Chief Whip from 1972. In 1973 she was elected Chief Whip, becoming the first woman to take charge of a whip's office in either house. On the return of the Labour Party to government in 1974 she became Captain of the Gentlemen-at-Arms (Government Chief Whip). In 1975, she became a Privy Counsellor. From 1979 to 1982 she was once again Opposition Chief Whip. From 1982 to 1987, she was Principal Deputy Chairman of Committees in the House of Lords, an office carrying with it the role of Chairman of the European Communities Committee.\n Links: a. Foreign and Commonwealth Office b. Foreign and Commonwealth Office c. Captain of the Honourable Corps of Gentlemen-at-Arms d. Enoch Powell", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}355{"query": "Question: When did the group that Lewis made his opera debut with first established? Passage:William Lewis was educated at the University of Colorado, Texas Christian University and New York University. He began his career as a writer and an athlete before deciding to pursue a career in opera. He began his voice training under Karl Kritz and Arthur Faguy Coté in Fort Worth, followed by studies with Susan Seton and Hulda and Luigi Rossini in New York. He made his professional opera debut in 1953 with Fort Worth Opera as Rinuccio in Puccini's Gianni Schicchi. Two years later he won the Metropolitan Opera's Audition of the Air competition (precursor to the National Council Auditions). Lewis made his debut at the Metropolitan Opera as Narraboth in Salome on March 1, 1958 and subsequently sang in 234 performances in his 35 years with the company. In 1975 he made his debut at San Francisco Opera as Steuermann and Erik in The Flying Dutchman and has sung in sixteen different productions with the company in subsequent seasons. In 1981 he made his debut at the Salzburg Festival in the title role of Offenbach's The Tales of Hoffmann, returning there for the following four years in such roles as Arbace in Idomeneo and the First Geharnischter in The Magic Flute. In 1990 he made his debut at the Teatro Lirico in the world premiere of Azio Corghi's Blimunda.\n Links: a. Teatro Lirico (Milan) b. The Flying Dutchman (opera) c. The Magic Flute d. Fort Worth Opera", "pos": "Question: When did the conductor that McCollum sang under with the Boston Symphony Orchestra begin his career? Passage:During the mid-1950s McCollum was highly busy performing as a concert soloist and performed with some frequency in operas with the New England Opera Theatre (NEOT). He sang frequently with the Boston Symphony Orchestra under conductor Charles Munch, often at the Tanglewood Music Festival, performing works like the role of the evangelist in Bach's Johannes Passion (1956). He was also a regular performer with the Dessoff Choirs under conductor Paul Boepple, performing as a tenor soloist in oratorios like Handel's Messiah (1956) and Handel's Israel in Egypt (1957). One work which he performed with frequency during these years was J.S. Bach's Mass in B Minor, which he first performed in February 1955 with the Chicago Symphony Orchestra under conductor Margaret Hillis. He later performed the work with the Boston Symphony Orchestra at Tanglewood in the summer of 1955 and with the Philadelphia Orchestra at the Bethlehem Bach Festival in 1956. In March 1955 he sang Helenus in a lauded production of Berlioz's Les Troyens with the New England Opera Theater opposite Eunice Alberts as Cassandre, Marriquita Moll as Dido, and Arthur Schoep as Aeneas.\n Links: a. George Frideric Handel b. New England Opera Theater c. Johann Sebastian Bach d. Charles Munch (conductor)", "neg": "Question: When was the opera that Lewis performed on his debut compose? Passage:William Lewis was educated at the University of Colorado, Texas Christian University and New York University. He began his career as a writer and an athlete before deciding to pursue a career in opera. He began his voice training under Karl Kritz and Arthur Faguy Coté in Fort Worth, followed by studies with Susan Seton and Hulda and Luigi Rossini in New York. He made his professional opera debut in 1953 with Fort Worth Opera as Rinuccio in Puccini's Gianni Schicchi. Two years later he won the Metropolitan Opera's Audition of the Air competition (precursor to the National Council Auditions). Lewis made his debut at the Metropolitan Opera as Narraboth in Salome on March 1, 1958 and subsequently sang in 234 performances in his 35 years with the company. In 1975 he made his debut at San Francisco Opera as Steuermann and Erik in The Flying Dutchman and has sung in sixteen different productions with the company in subsequent seasons. In 1981 he made his debut at the Salzburg Festival in the title role of Offenbach's The Tales of Hoffmann, returning there for the following four years in such roles as Arbace in Idomeneo and the First Geharnischter in The Magic Flute. In 1990 he made his debut at the Teatro Lirico in the world premiere of Azio Corghi's Blimunda.\n Links: a. The Magic Flute b. New York University c. Gianni Schicchi d. Fort Worth Opera", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}356{"query": "Question: In how many different countries is Guy Beiner a University Fellow? Passage:Guy Beiner was born and raised in Jerusalem and later moved to kibbutz Glil Yam. After traveling abroad, he relocated to the Negev region. Beiner is a graduate of Tel Aviv University and holds a PhD from the National University of Ireland. He was a Government of Ireland Scholar at University College Dublin, an Irish Research Council for Humanities and Social Sciences (IRCHSS) Fellow at Trinity College Dublin, a National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) Fellow at the Keough-Naughton Institute for Irish Studies in the University of Notre Dame, a Government of Hungary Fellow at the Central European University in Budapest, a Gerda Henkel Marie Curie Fellow at the Faculty of History of the University of Oxford, a research associate of St Catherine's College, Oxford and a Burns Scholar at Boston College. At Ben-Gurion University, he has repeatedly received the Rector's prize for teaching excellence and was twice the recipient of the David and Luba Glatt Prize for Exceptional Excellence in Teaching. \n Links: a. National Endowment for the Humanities b. Boston College c. Tel Aviv University d. Trinity College Dublin", "pos": "Question: Of the universities where Benny studied, which one has a smaller campus? Passage:Benny Moldovanu earned a BSc and MSc in mathematics from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in 1986 and 1989, respectively, the latter under the supervision of Bezalel Peleg. He then obtained a PhD in economics from the University of Bonn, with future Nobel Memorial Prize winner Reinhard Selten as advisor, in 1991 and habilitated there in 1995. Having worked as assistant professor of economics at the University of Bonn after his PhD (1991–95), he then became full professor at the University of Mannheim (1995–2002) before returning to the University of Bonn in 2002, where he has worked ever since. At Bonn, he has been the Co-Director and later Academic Director of the Bonn Graduate School of Economics (2006–13) as well as Co-Director of the Hausdorff Center for Mathematics (2006–13), where he today leads the research area on mechanism design and game theory.. Moreover, at Bonn, Moldovanu is currently Director of the Institute of Microeconomics (since 2012) as well as of the Reinhard Selten Institute for Research in Economics (since 2017). Throughout his professional career, Moldovanu has held visiting appointments at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Northwestern University, University College London, Yale University, Tel Aviv University, and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. In terms of professional activities, he has been a member of the Councils of the European Economic Association and Game Theory Society, is a research fellow at the Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR), and has chaired the Scientific Committees of the Econometric Society and German Economic Association. Finally, he has performed editorial duties for Econometrica, Journal of the European Economic Association, Games and Economic Behavior, Journal of Economic Theory, and Economic Policy.\n Links: a. Yale University b. Tel Aviv University c. Journal of Economic Theory d. Hebrew University of Jerusalem", "neg": "Question: What states are the institutions that Beryland had visiting positions at located in? Passage:Berlyand was born in Kharkov on September 20, 1957. His father, Viktor Berlyand, was a mechanical engineer, and his mother, Mayya Genkina, an electronics engineer. Upon his graduation in 1979 from the department of mathematics and mechanics at the National University of Kharkov, he began his doctoral studies at the same university and earned a Ph. D. in 1984. His Ph. D. thesis studied the homogenization of elasticity problems. He worked at the Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics in Moscow. In 1991 he moved to the United States and started working at Pennsylvania State University, where he has served as a full professor since 2003. He has held long-term visiting positions at Princeton University, the California Institute of Technology, the University of Chicago, the Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences, Argonne and Los Alamos National Laboratories. His research has drawn support from the National Science Foundation(NSF), NIH/NIGMS, the Applied Mathematics Program of the DOE Office of Sciences, BSF (the Bi-National Science Foundation USA-Israel) and the NATO Science for Peace and Security Section. Berlyand has authored roughly 100 works on homogenization theory and PDE/variational problems in biology and material science. He has organized a number of professional conferences and serves as a co-director of the Center for Mathematics of Living and Mimetic Matter at Penn State University. He has supervised 17 graduate students and ten postdoctoral fellows.\n Links: a. Princeton University b. Princeton University c. Princeton University d. Argonne National Laboratory", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}357{"query": "Question: Which of the clubs that Pietro De Giorgio played for has existed the longest? Passage:Born in Praia a Mare, Calabria region, De Giorgio spent a season with Serie D club Battipagliese before he was signed by a professional club San Marino in 2001 in temporary deal from Napoli. In January 2002 he left the Serie C2 club for Serie B club Napoli, the parent company of San Marino Calcio at that time. In 2002–03 season he was signed by Serie C1 club Cittadella in temporary deal. In January 2003 he was signed by Serie B club Messina along with Andrea Gaveglia in co-ownership deals, for a total fee of €26,000. In June 2003 the deals were renewed. De Giorgio also returned to Serie C2 for Melfi after only 1 appearances in the whole 2002–03 Serie C1. In June 2004 the co-ownership deals were extended again. However Napoli bankrupted at the start of season. Thus, De Giorgio who initially joined Serie C1 club Frosinone in temporary deal, was converted into new co-ownership deal.\n Links: a. A.S. Cittadella b. S.S.C. Napoli c. A.S.D. Battipagliese d. 2002–03 Serie C1", "pos": "Question: How long had Reggiana been a team when De Biasi was loaned there? Passage:De Biasi, a midfielder, started his professional playing career for Inter Milan; he was part of the first team squad but, despite this, never played for the nerazzurri and was then loaned to Serie C team Reggiana in 1975 and newly promoted Serie A club Pescara Calcio one year later. He was sold to Brescia in 1977 as partial compensation for the signing of Evaristo Beccalossi by Inter. De Biasi played in Brescia for five seasons, only one of them in Serie A. He then moved to Palermo in 1983, but abruptly left it three years later following the cancellation of the Sicilian club in the summer of 1986. This was followed by a single season with Vicenza and two Serie C2 seasons for Treviso. De Biasi retired from active football in 1990, after a Serie D season with Bassano.\n Links: a. Bassano Virtus 55 S.T. b. Delfino Pescara 1936 c. Reggio Audace F.C. d. Brescia Calcio", "neg": "Question: When was the team founded that Gianni De Biasi started his professional career playing for? Passage:De Biasi, a midfielder, started his professional playing career for Inter Milan; he was part of the first team squad but, despite this, never played for the nerazzurri and was then loaned to Serie C team Reggiana in 1975 and newly promoted Serie A club Pescara Calcio one year later. He was sold to Brescia in 1977 as partial compensation for the signing of Evaristo Beccalossi by Inter. De Biasi played in Brescia for five seasons, only one of them in Serie A. He then moved to Palermo in 1983, but abruptly left it three years later following the cancellation of the Sicilian club in the summer of 1986. This was followed by a single season with Vicenza and two Serie C2 seasons for Treviso. De Biasi retired from active football in 1990, after a Serie D season with Bassano.\n Links: a. Brescia Calcio b. Inter Milan c. Inter Milan d. Evaristo Beccalossi", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}358{"query": "Question: What director offered Prada a role in the film Bhoomi Kosam? Passage:When Jaya Prada was a teenager, she performed a dance at her school's annual function. A film director in the audience offered her a three-minute dance number in the Telugu film Bhoomi Kosam. She was hesitant, but her family encouraged her to accept it. She was paid only 10 rupees for her work in the film, but the rushes of those three minutes of film were shown to the major figures of the Telugu film industry. Major filmmakers offered her starring roles in quality films, and she accepted them. She became a huge star in 1976 with major hit films. Director K. Balachander's black-and-white film Anthuleni Katha (1976) showcased her dramatic skills; K. Viswanath's color film Siri Siri Muvva (1976) showed her playing a mute girl with excellent dancing skills; and her title role as Sita in the big-budget mythological film Seetha Kalyanam confirmed her versatility. In 1977, she starred in Adavi Ramudu, which broke box office records and which permanently cemented her star status. The song \"Aaresukoboyi Paresukunnanu\" performed by Prada and co-star N.T. Rama Rao became a mass hit. Important filmmakers were casting her and repeating her in their films. Filmmaker Vijay introduced her to Kannada cinema in his 1977 super-hit movie Sanadi Appanna alongside Kannada matinee idol Raj Kumar. The movie is also known to be the only movie to feature shehnai rendition by Ustad Bismillah Khan. Jaya Prada repeated her successful pairing with Rajkumar in films such as Huliya Halina Mevu (1979), Kaviratna Kalidasa (1983) and Shabdavedhi (2000). In 1979, K. Balachander repeated her in the Tamil film Ninaithale Inikkum opposite Kamal Haasan and Rajinikanth in which she played a terminally-ill patient. She continued to act in more films in Telugu opposite actors such NTR, ANR, Krishna, Krishnam Raju and Sobhan Babu throughout the 70s and 80s. K. Viswanath remade Siri Siri Muvva (1976) in Hindi as Sargam, introducing Jayaprada to Bollywood in 1979. The film was successful and she became a star there as well. She earned her first Filmfare nomination as Best Actress but couldn't capitalize on her success since she couldn't speak Hindi.\n Links: a. Bhoomi Kosam b. Adavi Ramudu (1977 film) c. Bhoomi Kosam d. K. Balachander", "pos": "Question: Who starred with Shamita Shetty in the movie Cash in 2007?\n Passage:She made her film debut in 2000 with the Yash Raj Films movie Mohabbatein, which was directed by Aditya Chopra. Her portrayal of Ishika earned her the 2001 IIFA Award for Star Debut of the Year – Female. Soon after, she gave the best dance numbers to Bollywood, including \"Sharara Sharara\" in Mere Yaar Ki Shaadi Hai (2001) and \"Chori Pe Chori\" in Saathiya (2002), to getting appreciated for her acting in the film Zeher (2005), where she was nominated as the Star of the Year - Female at Stardust awards (2006). She worked once with her sister Shilpa Shetty in Fareb. She has also been part of multi-star-cast projects like Cash (2007) and Bewafa (2005). Alongside her acting career, she decided to focus on her other love, i.e. Interior designing. She designed Royalty (a club in Mumbai), Chandigarh Iosis spa (Won best interior award at Asia spa awards) and few other properties abroad. She has a registered company called \"Golden Leaf interiors\"  \n Links: a. Cash b. Stardust (magazine) c. Shilpa Shetty d. Aditya Chopra", "neg": "Question: How many different directors did Prada work with in 1976 and 1977? Passage:When Jaya Prada was a teenager, she performed a dance at her school's annual function. A film director in the audience offered her a three-minute dance number in the Telugu film Bhoomi Kosam. She was hesitant, but her family encouraged her to accept it. She was paid only 10 rupees for her work in the film, but the rushes of those three minutes of film were shown to the major figures of the Telugu film industry. Major filmmakers offered her starring roles in quality films, and she accepted them. She became a huge star in 1976 with major hit films. Director K. Balachander's black-and-white film Anthuleni Katha (1976) showcased her dramatic skills; K. Viswanath's color film Siri Siri Muvva (1976) showed her playing a mute girl with excellent dancing skills; and her title role as Sita in the big-budget mythological film Seetha Kalyanam confirmed her versatility. In 1977, she starred in Adavi Ramudu, which broke box office records and which permanently cemented her star status. The song \"Aaresukoboyi Paresukunnanu\" performed by Prada and co-star N.T. Rama Rao became a mass hit. Important filmmakers were casting her and repeating her in their films. Filmmaker Vijay introduced her to Kannada cinema in his 1977 super-hit movie Sanadi Appanna alongside Kannada matinee idol Raj Kumar. The movie is also known to be the only movie to feature shehnai rendition by Ustad Bismillah Khan. Jaya Prada repeated her successful pairing with Rajkumar in films such as Huliya Halina Mevu (1979), Kaviratna Kalidasa (1983) and Shabdavedhi (2000). In 1979, K. Balachander repeated her in the Tamil film Ninaithale Inikkum opposite Kamal Haasan and Rajinikanth in which she played a terminally-ill patient. She continued to act in more films in Telugu opposite actors such NTR, ANR, Krishna, Krishnam Raju and Sobhan Babu throughout the 70s and 80s. K. Viswanath remade Siri Siri Muvva (1976) in Hindi as Sargam, introducing Jayaprada to Bollywood in 1979. The film was successful and she became a star there as well. She earned her first Filmfare nomination as Best Actress but couldn't capitalize on her success since she couldn't speak Hindi.\n Links: a. Adavi Ramudu (1977 film) b. Filmfare c. Shehnai d. Anthuleni Katha", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}359{"query": "Question: Which of the cities Runyon traveled with Blanco's forces to was larger? Passage:Runyon opened a commercial photography studio in 1910. He initially photographed urban life Brownsville and Matamoros, Tamaulipas and the surrounding terrain of the Rio Grande Valley. In 1913, Runyon began recording the events of the Mexican Revolution, starting with the takeover of the Matamoros garrison by the Constitutional Army under General Lucio Blanco on June 3. He traveled with Blanco's forces to Ciudad Victoria and later Monterrey. In 1915, Runyon was the only professional to photograph two skirmishes by Mexican bandits on American soil, the Norias Ranch Raid and a train derailment near Olmito, Texas. He took more than 2,000 pictures of Fort Brown, which captured troop buildup and mechanization in preparation for World War I. Runyon returned to more traditional subjects in the border region, as well as portraits and postcards, following the end of the war.\n Links: a. Monterrey b. Ciudad Victoria c. World War I d. Ciudad Victoria", "pos": "Question: Is the fort that Runyon took more than 2,000 pictures of still operational? Passage:Runyon opened a commercial photography studio in 1910. He initially photographed urban life Brownsville and Matamoros, Tamaulipas and the surrounding terrain of the Rio Grande Valley. In 1913, Runyon began recording the events of the Mexican Revolution, starting with the takeover of the Matamoros garrison by the Constitutional Army under General Lucio Blanco on June 3. He traveled with Blanco's forces to Ciudad Victoria and later Monterrey. In 1915, Runyon was the only professional to photograph two skirmishes by Mexican bandits on American soil, the Norias Ranch Raid and a train derailment near Olmito, Texas. He took more than 2,000 pictures of Fort Brown, which captured troop buildup and mechanization in preparation for World War I. Runyon returned to more traditional subjects in the border region, as well as portraits and postcards, following the end of the war.\n Links: a. Bandit War b. Fort Brown c. Rio Grande Valley d. Raid on Norias Ranch", "neg": "Question: Which of the two rivers the Panzer Corps crossed was larger? Passage:In planning for the actual attack, Manteuffel had divided his 5th Panzer Army into three corps composed of infantry, tanks, and supporting artillery. The main effort, or schwerpunkt, would consist of XLVII Panzer Corps and LVIII Panzer Corps advancing west across the River Our at Ouren from the south or left flank of the German army front. They would then occupy the transportation center of Bastogne, before crossing the Meuse River at Namur. The third group, LXVI Corps, would advance west on either side of the Schnee Eifel. This northernmost, or right wing, element would flank and begin an envelopment of the American forces occupying fortifications on the Schnee Eifel and then converge on the town of Winterspelt. From there, LXVI Corps would cross the Our river and occupy St. Vith on the first day of the attack. LXVI Corps was the weakest of the three corps, with no attached tank division or motor transport, but did include an attached assault gun battalion. The Panzer Lehr Division (Armor Demonstration Division) and the Führer Begleit Brigade (Führer Escort Brigade) were to be held in reserve, with the Führer Begleit only usable with Model's express permission. Manteuffel's preference for the \"little slam\", or limited solution, was reflected in the absence of planning beyond reaching the Meuse River.\n Links: a. Our (river) b. Ouren c. Envelopment d. Meuse", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}360{"query": "Question: Which of the congressmen that wanted tighter Congressional control of the war effort served in Congress the longest? Passage:In the fall of 1777 forces of the British Army successfully captured Philadelphia, the seat of the Second Continental Congress, which was forced to relocate to York, Pennsylvania. The series of military setbacks (principally the losses at Brandywine in September and Germantown in October) caused many in the Continental Army and Congress to question George Washington's leadership of the war effort. In contrast, the northern army of General Horatio Gates had won a signal victory over John Burgoyne's forces, compelling Burgoyne to surrender his entire army after the Battles of Saratoga. Gates controversially claimed credit for the victory. Some historians feel that this was more due to the actions of Benedict Arnold, who, in the first battle on September 19, effectively and almost independently defended his forces against British assaults. It was also alleged that Gates had failed to provide Arnold with adequate reinforcements which would have turned the battle into an outright American victory, although there is not universal agreement on this matter. Gates was politically well connected to Congress. Some congressmen such as Richard Henry Lee, John Adams, and Samuel Adams wanted tighter Congressional control of the war effort and supported Gates. Although John Adams did not specifically call for Washington to be replaced, he worried that Washington was being made into a military idol, and was fearful of the effects of this upon republicanism. \n Links: a. Battles of Saratoga b. Richard Henry Lee c. York, Pennsylvania d. Philadelphia", "pos": "Question: Which general had a more successful career, Gates or Burgoyne? Passage:In the fall of 1777 forces of the British Army successfully captured Philadelphia, the seat of the Second Continental Congress, which was forced to relocate to York, Pennsylvania. The series of military setbacks (principally the losses at Brandywine in September and Germantown in October) caused many in the Continental Army and Congress to question George Washington's leadership of the war effort. In contrast, the northern army of General Horatio Gates had won a signal victory over John Burgoyne's forces, compelling Burgoyne to surrender his entire army after the Battles of Saratoga. Gates controversially claimed credit for the victory. Some historians feel that this was more due to the actions of Benedict Arnold, who, in the first battle on September 19, effectively and almost independently defended his forces against British assaults. It was also alleged that Gates had failed to provide Arnold with adequate reinforcements which would have turned the battle into an outright American victory, although there is not universal agreement on this matter. Gates was politically well connected to Congress. Some congressmen such as Richard Henry Lee, John Adams, and Samuel Adams wanted tighter Congressional control of the war effort and supported Gates. Although John Adams did not specifically call for Washington to be replaced, he worried that Washington was being made into a military idol, and was fearful of the effects of this upon republicanism. \n Links: a. Benedict Arnold b. Horatio Gates c. Horatio Gates d. John Burgoyne", "neg": "Question: Which of the cities which was a seat of the Second Continental Congress had a larger population? Passage:In the fall of 1777 forces of the British Army successfully captured Philadelphia, the seat of the Second Continental Congress, which was forced to relocate to York, Pennsylvania. The series of military setbacks (principally the losses at Brandywine in September and Germantown in October) caused many in the Continental Army and Congress to question George Washington's leadership of the war effort. In contrast, the northern army of General Horatio Gates had won a signal victory over John Burgoyne's forces, compelling Burgoyne to surrender his entire army after the Battles of Saratoga. Gates controversially claimed credit for the victory. Some historians feel that this was more due to the actions of Benedict Arnold, who, in the first battle on September 19, effectively and almost independently defended his forces against British assaults. It was also alleged that Gates had failed to provide Arnold with adequate reinforcements which would have turned the battle into an outright American victory, although there is not universal agreement on this matter. Gates was politically well connected to Congress. Some congressmen such as Richard Henry Lee, John Adams, and Samuel Adams wanted tighter Congressional control of the war effort and supported Gates. Although John Adams did not specifically call for Washington to be replaced, he worried that Washington was being made into a military idol, and was fearful of the effects of this upon republicanism. \n Links: a. Samuel Adams b. Battles of Saratoga c. George Washington d. Philadelphia", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}361{"query": "Question: Which state where Benoni Stinson was a minister gained statehood first? Passage:Though theologically similar to the General Baptists in England and early America, this body of General Baptists arose in the Midwestern United States in the 19th century through the work of Benoni Stinson (1789-1869), a United Baptist minister first in Kentucky and then in Indiana. Stinson was ordained in Kentucky in 1821, and evidently was already leaning toward or embracing Arminian theology. Shortly after he moved to Indiana, in 1822 the Wabash District Association decided to divide into two bodies, for convenience sake. Stinson's church would be in the new body, and he labored to have a statement that \"the preaching that Christ tasted death for every man shall be no bar to fellowship\" would be included in the articles of faith. The next fall, in 1823, the Liberty Baptist Church of Howell, Indiana was organized with 33 members, and Elder Stinson was called as pastor. Three other churches were soon organized, all in the Evansville, Indiana area. In October 1824, representatives from these four churches came together and organized the Liberty Association of General Baptists. This appears to be the first time the name \"General\" was officially associated with this movement. A number of General Baptist local associations were organized from 1824 to 1870. During this period, some attempts were made by the Liberty Association to correspond with the northern Free Will Baptists, but this appears to have eventually proved unsatisfactory to both parties. In 1870, a convention was called to meet with Harmony Church, Gallatin County, Illinois, with the idea of organizing a general association comprising all the annual General Baptist associations. Delegates from Liberty, Mt. Olivet and Ohio associations gathered and formed the General Association of General Baptists. This body has grown and developed until it now embraces about 60 associations, 816 churches and more than 73,000 members. The denominational headquarters are located in Poplar Bluff, Missouri, where they operate Stinson Press. The official denominational publication is The General Baptist Messenger. The General Association oversees publication of Sunday School literature, a home mission board, a foreign mission board, and the Oakland City University in Oakland City, Indiana. The General Association is a member of the National Association of Evangelicals and the Baptist World Alliance.\n Links: a. Baptist World Alliance b. Arminianism c. Kentucky d. Gallatin County, Illinois", "pos": "Question: In which state did Benke's wife earn her degree? Passage:Benke was born on May 5, 1946 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin as the first child of Raymond and Dorothea Benke. He attended Lutheran schools in Milwaukee and earned an Associate of Arts degree from Concordia College, Milwaukee (now Concordia University Wisconsin) in 1966. He earned a Bachelor of Arts degree with honors from Concordia Senior College in Fort Wayne, Indiana. On August 17, 1968, he married Judith Platt, a teacher who graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison. Benke earned his Masters of Divinity degree from Concordia Seminary and was ordained a pastor at his boyhood church in Milwaukee on June 15, 1972. His career as an ordained pastor included time as an assistant pastor at Zion Lutheran Church in St. Louis and a religion teacher at Martin Luther High School in New York City. He became pastor of St. Peter's Lutheran Church in Brooklyn, and he served as pastor there from 1975–1991 and from 1998–present. While at St. Peter's, Benke earned his Doctor of Ministry degree from the New York Theological Seminary in May 1983.\n Links: a. Concordia University Wisconsin b. Doctor of Ministry c. University of Wisconsin–Madison d. University of Wisconsin–Madison", "neg": "Question: Which of the two congregations which provided leadership to the Pilgrims was founded first? Passage:The Pilgrims or Pilgrim Fathers were English settlers who established Plymouth Colony in Plymouth, Massachusetts. Their leadership came from the religious congregations of Brownists, or Separatist Puritans, who had fled religious persecution in England for the tolerance of 17th-century Holland in the Netherlands. They held Puritan Calvinist religious beliefs but, unlike most other Puritans, they maintained that their congregations should separate from the English state church. They eventually determined to establish a new settlement in the New World and arranged with investors to fund them. They established Plymouth Colony in 1620, which became the second successful English settlement in America, following the founding of Jamestown, Virginia in 1607. The Pilgrims' story became a central theme in the history and culture of the United States.\n Links: a. New World b. Brownist c. Netherlands d. Puritans", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}362{"query": "Question: When was the town Scott was born in founded? Passage:Scott was born in Cooksville, Illinois near the town of Normal, Illinois. He lived on a farm until the age of 19 when he entered Illinois State Normal University. He remained at the university for two and a half years while teaching at country schools. With the aid of scholarship, he was able to attend Northwestern University in 1891 where he received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1895. He desired to become a university president in China, so he enrolled at McCormick Theological Seminary; however, upon his graduation in 1898, he could not find a position. Instead, he decided to go to Germany with his wife and study psychology with Wilhelm Wundt at the University of Leipzig. While there, he received his Doctorate of Philosophy in psychology and education in 1900.\n Links: a. Cooksville, Illinois b. Bachelor of Arts c. Leipzig University d. Illinois State University", "pos": "Question: When was the town nearby founded? Passage:Scott was born in Cooksville, Illinois near the town of Normal, Illinois. He lived on a farm until the age of 19 when he entered Illinois State Normal University. He remained at the university for two and a half years while teaching at country schools. With the aid of scholarship, he was able to attend Northwestern University in 1891 where he received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1895. He desired to become a university president in China, so he enrolled at McCormick Theological Seminary; however, upon his graduation in 1898, he could not find a position. Instead, he decided to go to Germany with his wife and study psychology with Wilhelm Wundt at the University of Leipzig. While there, he received his Doctorate of Philosophy in psychology and education in 1900.\n Links: a. Normal, Illinois b. Normal, Illinois c. Germany d. Doctor of Philosophy", "neg": "Question: When was the college Scott was able to attend thanks to a scholarship founded? Passage:Scott was born in Cooksville, Illinois near the town of Normal, Illinois. He lived on a farm until the age of 19 when he entered Illinois State Normal University. He remained at the university for two and a half years while teaching at country schools. With the aid of scholarship, he was able to attend Northwestern University in 1891 where he received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1895. He desired to become a university president in China, so he enrolled at McCormick Theological Seminary; however, upon his graduation in 1898, he could not find a position. Instead, he decided to go to Germany with his wife and study psychology with Wilhelm Wundt at the University of Leipzig. While there, he received his Doctorate of Philosophy in psychology and education in 1900.\n Links: a. Doctor of Philosophy b. Education c. Germany d. Northwestern University", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}363{"query": "Question: Which of the two Universities where Nehru studied has the highest enrollment? Passage:Nehru was born in Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India and was son of Brijlal Nehru and Rameshwari Nehru He was educated at the Allahabad University (India), the London School of Economics and at Oxford University. He was awarded the Doctor of Literature degree by the University of Punjab, for his distinguished services in various fields. His grandfather, Pandit Nandlal Nehru, was the elder brother of Pandit Motilal Nehru. He was the cousin to the erstwhile Prime Minister of India, Indira Gandhi (née Nehru). In 1935, Nehru married Magdolna Friedman (5 December 1908, Budapest, Austria-Hungary - 25 April 2017, Kasauli, Himachal Pradesh, India), a fellow student in the UK who was of an Austrian Jewish background. The ill-treatment of the Jewish community in Europe prompted her father to change her name to Magdolna Forbath. Her nickname was Fori. After marriage, she changed her name to Shobha Nehru. He had four sons named Aditya Nehru, Ashok Nehru and Anil Nehru.\n Links: a. History of the Jews in Austria b. Rameshwari Nehru c. University of Oxford d. Brijlal Nehru", "pos": "Question: Which of the two universities that Ellis is an Honorary Doctor at has a larger student population currently? Passage:After completing his secondary education at Highgate School, he attended King's College, Cambridge, earning his PhD in theoretical (high-energy) particle physics in 1971. After brief post-doc positions at SLAC and Caltech, he went to CERN and has held an indefinite contract there since 1978. He was awarded the Maxwell Medal and the Paul Dirac Prize by the Institute of Physics in 1982 and 2005 respectively, and is an Elected Fellow of the Royal Society of London since 1985 and of the Institute of Physics since 1991. He was awarded an Honorary Doctorate from the University of Southampton, and twice won the First Award in the Gravity Research Foundation essay competition (in 1999 and 2005). He is also Honorary Doctor at Uppsala University.\n Links: a. California Institute of Technology b. Highgate School c. University of Southampton d. Dirac Medal", "neg": "Question: When was the university where Nehru was awarded the Doctor of Literature degree founded? Passage:Nehru was born in Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India and was son of Brijlal Nehru and Rameshwari Nehru He was educated at the Allahabad University (India), the London School of Economics and at Oxford University. He was awarded the Doctor of Literature degree by the University of Punjab, for his distinguished services in various fields. His grandfather, Pandit Nandlal Nehru, was the elder brother of Pandit Motilal Nehru. He was the cousin to the erstwhile Prime Minister of India, Indira Gandhi (née Nehru). In 1935, Nehru married Magdolna Friedman (5 December 1908, Budapest, Austria-Hungary - 25 April 2017, Kasauli, Himachal Pradesh, India), a fellow student in the UK who was of an Austrian Jewish background. The ill-treatment of the Jewish community in Europe prompted her father to change her name to Magdolna Forbath. Her nickname was Fori. After marriage, she changed her name to Shobha Nehru. He had four sons named Aditya Nehru, Ashok Nehru and Anil Nehru.\n Links: a. London School of Economics b. University of Oxford c. Himachal Pradesh d. University of the Punjab", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}364{"query": "Question: In what year was the commander in chief who sent Elles to investigate the first tanks born? Passage:In August 1915, after recovering from his injuries, Elles was one of three officers specially selected by General Sir William Robertson, soon to be Chief of the Imperial General Staff (CIGS), the professional head of the British Army, to liaise with troops at the front and pass the information directly to the British General Headquarters (GHQ). In January 1916, as a General Staff Officer (GSO), Elles was sent by General Sir Douglas Haig, the Commander-in-Chief (C-in-C) of the BEF on the Western Front, to investigate the first tanks or \"caterpillars\" being built in England. He attended the first trials of \"Mother\" and reported back to Haig on its success. During the summer of 1916, he was tasked to report back from the Somme, where the tanks were first used. Elles was appointed to head the Heavy Branch (the first tank units) of the Machine Gun Corps in France on 29 September 1916, with the temporary rank of colonel. His responsibilities included its advanced training and tactical employment. He also commanded the large central depot and workshops established near Bermicourt.\n Links: a. Chief of the General Staff (United Kingdom) b. Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig c. Staff (military) d. Machine Gun Corps", "pos": "Question: How old was General Sir William Robertson when he selected Hugh Elles to liasise with troops? Passage:In August 1915, after recovering from his injuries, Elles was one of three officers specially selected by General Sir William Robertson, soon to be Chief of the Imperial General Staff (CIGS), the professional head of the British Army, to liaise with troops at the front and pass the information directly to the British General Headquarters (GHQ). In January 1916, as a General Staff Officer (GSO), Elles was sent by General Sir Douglas Haig, the Commander-in-Chief (C-in-C) of the BEF on the Western Front, to investigate the first tanks or \"caterpillars\" being built in England. He attended the first trials of \"Mother\" and reported back to Haig on its success. During the summer of 1916, he was tasked to report back from the Somme, where the tanks were first used. Elles was appointed to head the Heavy Branch (the first tank units) of the Machine Gun Corps in France on 29 September 1916, with the temporary rank of colonel. His responsibilities included its advanced training and tactical employment. He also commanded the large central depot and workshops established near Bermicourt.\n Links: a. Commander-in-chief b. Sir William Robertson, 1st Baronet c. Bermicourt d. Western Front (World War I)", "neg": "Question: When did the first commanding officer of the 6th Airlanding Brigade join the military? Passage:On 23 April 1943, the War Office gave permission to raise a second airborne division, the 6th Airborne. The division comprised the 3rd and 5th Parachute Brigades and the 6th Airlanding Brigade, giving it two parachute and one airlanding brigades, which became the standard British complement for an airborne division. In May 1943 Brigadier Hugh Kindersley was appointed as the airlanding brigade's first Commanding Officer (CO). Under his command he had two experienced battalions transferred from the 1st Airlanding Brigade: the 2nd Battalion, Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry (2nd OBLI) and the 1st Battalion, Royal Ulster Rifles (1st RUR). They were joined by a unit newly transferred to the airborne forces, the 12th Battalion, Devonshire Regiment (12th Devons), a hostilities-only unit formed during the war, as the brigade's third infantry battalion. Other units assigned around the same time were the 53rd (Worcestershire Yeomanry) Airlanding Light Regiment, Royal Artillery, the 249th (Airborne) Field Company, Royal Engineers and the 195th (Airlanding) Field Ambulance, Royal Army Medical Corps.\n Links: a. 5th Parachute Brigade (United Kingdom) b. 3rd Parachute Brigade (United Kingdom) c. 1st Airlanding Brigade (United Kingdom) d. Hugh Kindersley, 2nd Baron Kindersley", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}365{"query": "Question: How many years had Johnny Hore, who gave Cooper the armband at age 22, play for Plymouth Arglyle? Passage:He progressed through the youth system at Plymouth Argyle to make his first team debut in November 1979 against Colchester United. Having established himself as a regular on the left side of midfield, he scored his first of 18 goals for the club in January 1981 against Millwall. Cooper became one of the youngest players to captain a side in the Football League, at the age of 22, when he was given the armband by Johnny Hore, the club's manager and a former Argyle player. He helped the club reach the semi-finals of the FA Cup in 1984, leading the side out against Watford at Villa Park, but his stray pass led to the winning goal for their opponents. He lost his place in the side the following year before being converted into a full back, and he was a key member of Dave Smith's team that gained promotion to the Second Division in 1986.\n Links: a. Villa Park b. Football League Second Division c. John Hore (footballer, born 1947) d. John Hore (footballer, born 1947)", "pos": "Question: How many years had Accrington Stanley been a team before Taylor joined permanently? Passage:Taylor started his career as captain of the football academy at Accrington and Rossendale College, also representing the England College side. He also spent some time on trial with Bury and Scunthorpe United. In the summer of 2011, Taylor spent time on trial at Football League Two side Accrington Stanley for pre-season after being recommended by former Stanley coach Paul Lodge. In August 2011 after a successful trial, Taylor joined Stanley permanently initially on non-contract terms. He made his professional debut for the club in the same month, coming on as a substitute for Kurtis Guthrie in the 2–0 defeat to Scunthorpe United in the Football League Cup. Later in August, Taylor signed a six-month professional contract with the club, opting to turn down the chance to attend university to study a sports degree. His league debut came in a 2–1 defeat to Southend United. His first start and final appearance for Stanley came in a 1–0 win over Bradford City. In January 2012, Taylor was released from his contract by mutual consent. In February 2012, Taylor joined Northern Premier League Division One North side Clitheroe, making his debut in a 2–0 defeat to Ossett Town. He made a total of ten appearances for Clitheroe with his final appearance coming in a defeat to AFC Fylde in April 2012. His spell at Clitheroe was short and Taylor joined North West Counties Football League First Division side Nelson in November 2012. Taylor impressed in his first season with the club as Nelson finished in mid-table. He signed a new one-year contract in July 2013, turning down a number of clubs higher up the football pyramid. In August 2013, after a bright start to the season he suffered a fractured fibula and was out of action for five months. In January 2014, after making a full recovery, he returned to first team training. He finished the season with seven appearances and one goal as Nelson were crowned champions and gained promotion to the NWCFL Premier Division. In May 2014, Taylor committed himself to Nelson for another season.\n Links: a. EFL Cup b. North West Counties Football League c. Accrington Stanley F.C. d. Kurtis Guthrie", "neg": "Question: What is the seating capacity of the stadium where Cooper's pass led to a winning goal for Watford during the semi-finals of the 1984 FA Cup? Passage:He progressed through the youth system at Plymouth Argyle to make his first team debut in November 1979 against Colchester United. Having established himself as a regular on the left side of midfield, he scored his first of 18 goals for the club in January 1981 against Millwall. Cooper became one of the youngest players to captain a side in the Football League, at the age of 22, when he was given the armband by Johnny Hore, the club's manager and a former Argyle player. He helped the club reach the semi-finals of the FA Cup in 1984, leading the side out against Watford at Villa Park, but his stray pass led to the winning goal for their opponents. He lost his place in the side the following year before being converted into a full back, and he was a key member of Dave Smith's team that gained promotion to the Second Division in 1986.\n Links: a. Villa Park b. Plymouth Argyle F.C. c. FA Cup d. Captain (sports)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}366{"query": "Question: When did the war begin that was ended by the Treaty of Lutatius? Passage:The Treaty of Lutatius officially ended the First Punic War. It received its name from Gaius Lutatius Catulus, the Roman consul and victor of the Battle of the Aegates Islands who negotiated it with a subordinate of Hamilcar Barca in 241 BC. According to the historian Polybius, the terms of the accord dictated that Carthage must evacuate Sicily, not make war upon Syracuse or its allies, hand over all prisoners taken during the war, and pay an indemnity of 2200 talents (66 tons) of silver in 20 annual installments. Originally rejected by the Roman people, these terms were eventually adopted with very little change under the authority of Quintus Lutatius Cerco, the brother of Gaius Lutatius Catulus. In the final agreement, Carthage was only given ten years to pay an indemnity of 3200 talents (96 tons), and had to evacuate the islands between Sicily and Italy (Ustica and the Aeolian Islands) and Aegadian Islands off western coast of Sicily.\n Links: a. Roman Republic b. Italy c. Sicily d. First Punic War", "pos": "Question: When was the namesake of the Treaty born? Passage:The Treaty of Lutatius officially ended the First Punic War. It received its name from Gaius Lutatius Catulus, the Roman consul and victor of the Battle of the Aegates Islands who negotiated it with a subordinate of Hamilcar Barca in 241 BC. According to the historian Polybius, the terms of the accord dictated that Carthage must evacuate Sicily, not make war upon Syracuse or its allies, hand over all prisoners taken during the war, and pay an indemnity of 2200 talents (66 tons) of silver in 20 annual installments. Originally rejected by the Roman people, these terms were eventually adopted with very little change under the authority of Quintus Lutatius Cerco, the brother of Gaius Lutatius Catulus. In the final agreement, Carthage was only given ten years to pay an indemnity of 3200 talents (96 tons), and had to evacuate the islands between Sicily and Italy (Ustica and the Aeolian Islands) and Aegadian Islands off western coast of Sicily.\n Links: a. Ancient Carthage b. Aeolian Islands c. Sicily d. Gaius Lutatius Catulus", "neg": "Question: What was the first place in the Second Samnite War that fell to the Romans? Passage:It was close to the frontiers of Campania, and is enumerated among the Campanian cities by Pliny, and by Silius Italicus but Strabo expressly calls it a Samnite city That it was so at an earlier period is certain, as we find it repeatedly mentioned in the wars of the Romans with that people. Thus, at the breaking out of the Second Samnite War, in 326 BC, it was one of the first places which fell into the hands of the Romans: who, however, subsequently lost it, and it was retaken by C. Marcius Rutilus in 310 BC. Again, in 307 BC, a decisive victory over the Samnites was gained by the proconsul Fabius beneath its walls. During the Second Punic War its territory was alternately traversed or occupied by the Romans and by Hannibal, but no mention is made of the town itself. Strabo speaks of it as one of the few cities of the Samnites which had survived the calamities of the Social War: and we learn from Cicero that it possessed an extensive and fertile territory in the valley of the Vulturnus, which appears to have adjoined that of Venafrum According to the Liber Coloniarum (p. 231), a colony was established there by the triumvirs, and its colonial rank, though not mentioned by Pliny, is confirmed by the evidence of inscriptions. These also attest that it continued to be a place of importance under the Roman Empire: and was adorned with many new public buildings under the reign of Hadrian.\n Links: a. Strabo b. Campania c. Samnite Wars d. Silius Italicus", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}367{"query": "Question: What film that Whitaker was in made the most money? Passage:His notable film appearances include The Great Debaters and Training Day, as well as TV shows ER, Brothers & Sisters and The War At Home. He was a cast member during the tenth and final season of the Nickelodeon sketch-comedy series All That. He was in the Disney Channel Original Movie, Dadnapped. He also appeared on The Suite Life of Zack & Cody, as a player on Zack and Cody's wheelchair basketball team, and in Werner Herzog's . He also appeared in the 2010 Wes Craven horror film My Soul To Take as a blind 16 year old named Jerome that was born early along with 6 other children because of the killing of a murderer that had multiple souls, and the souls escaped and were hiding in the children. He appeared in the 2011 film Abduction, in season 3 of The Boondocks as character Sgt. Gutte, and on Black Dynamite: The Animated Series as Donald The Accountant. Whitaker appeared as a young Zuri in the 2018 film Black Panther.\n Links: a. Abduction (2011 film) b. Training Day c. The Great Debaters d. All That", "pos": "Question: Which of the films that McDowell appeared in made the most money at the box office? Passage:McDowell appeared as Dr. Samuel Loomis in Rob Zombie's remakes of Halloween and Halloween II (in 2007 and 2009, respectively). Although the films were not well received critically, they performed better at the box office and McDowell was widely praised for his performances and for being perfectly cast. He also played Desmond LaRochette in Robert Whitlow's The List (2007), and Irish patriarch Enda Doyle in Red Roses and Petrol (2003). His next film is the Canadian vampire comedy rock and roll film Suck (2009) with actor/director Rob Stefaniuk and the upcoming Alex Wright film Two Wolves. In December 2009, he made an appearance in the music video \"Snuff\" by the heavy metal band Slipknot. He appears, uncredited, as the curator Lombardi, in the film The Book of Eli (2010). McDowell portrayed Satan in the Christian comedy thriller film Suing the Devil (2011).\n Links: a. Suck (film) b. Alex Wright c. Halloween (2007 film) d. Halloween (2007 film)", "neg": "Question: How many of Whitaker's TV shows were filmed in Los Angeles? Passage:His notable film appearances include The Great Debaters and Training Day, as well as TV shows ER, Brothers & Sisters and The War At Home. He was a cast member during the tenth and final season of the Nickelodeon sketch-comedy series All That. He was in the Disney Channel Original Movie, Dadnapped. He also appeared on The Suite Life of Zack & Cody, as a player on Zack and Cody's wheelchair basketball team, and in Werner Herzog's . He also appeared in the 2010 Wes Craven horror film My Soul To Take as a blind 16 year old named Jerome that was born early along with 6 other children because of the killing of a murderer that had multiple souls, and the souls escaped and were hiding in the children. He appeared in the 2011 film Abduction, in season 3 of The Boondocks as character Sgt. Gutte, and on Black Dynamite: The Animated Series as Donald The Accountant. Whitaker appeared as a young Zuri in the 2018 film Black Panther.\n Links: a. Werner Herzog b. List of Disney Channel original films c. The Great Debaters d. ER (TV series)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}368{"query": "Question: What year was the man born who drew up plans to rebuild a war-shattered Lebanon? Passage:MEED was launched in 1957. When Rafiq Hariri drew up plans to rebuild a war-shattered Lebanon, MEED met the prime minister and asked him to explain them. When Colonel Gaddafi unveiled the first part of his Great Manmade River, MEED took a front-row seat at the ceremony and quizzed the engineers. While US tanks were still rolling towards Baghdad in March 2003, MEED obtained plans from Washington that described how the US was hoping to rebuild the country. Three months before going public, MEED revealed DP World's IPO plans. Abdalla el-Badri announced Opec's potential move from US dollar to euro pricing to MEED. MEED broke news of Saudi Arabia moving ahead with plans for a Mile-High Tower in Jeddah – which would make it the tallest tower in the world – and Nakheel's plans to create a tower over one kilometre high (then called Nakheel Tower, later announced as Dubai's Harbour Tower) to trump Emaar's Burj Khalifa.\n Links: a. Rafic Hariri b. DP World c. Initial public offering d. Great Man-Made River", "pos": "Question: What was the population of Baghdad during the Israeli invasion of Lebanon? Passage:According to historians William Cleveland and Martin Bunton, Beirut became an international banking center because of its “laissez-faire economic system”. Business owners from Cairo, Damascus, and Baghdad moved to Beirut for economic opportunities. Despite Lebanon’s cultural liberalism and economic prosperity, sectarian tensions remained as citizens identified themselves through their sects. With Muslims calling for greater representation and with Cold War tensions, Lebanese leadership had to decide whether to ally with the West or with Egypt, Syria and its Arab history. Christians wanted to continue alliances with the West but Muslims were drawn to Nasser's pan-Arabism. Multiple factors including sectarian tensions and Palestinian refugee settlement in southern Lebanon contributed to the beginnings of the Lebanese Civil War. In 1976, Syrian President Hafez al-Assad sent troops into Lebanon to fight PLO forces on behalf of Christian militias. This led to escalated fighting until a cease-fire agreement later that year that allowed for the stationing of Syrian troops within Lebanon. The Syrian presence in Lebanon quickly changed sides; soon after they entered Lebanon they had flip-flopped and began to fight the Christian nationalists in Lebanon they allegedly entered the country to protect. The Kateab Party and the Lebanese Forces under Bachir Gemayel strongly resisted the Syrians in Lebanon. Following the Israeli invasion into Lebanon in 1982, new Lebanese President Amine Gemayel sought the support of Syrian troops to stabilize the region. Syria fought Israeli troops after the latter's invasion of Lebanon.\n Links: a. Baghdad b. Lebanese Forces c. Lebanese Forces d. Baghdad", "neg": "Question: What country were US tanks still rolling toward in March of 2003? Passage:MEED was launched in 1957. When Rafiq Hariri drew up plans to rebuild a war-shattered Lebanon, MEED met the prime minister and asked him to explain them. When Colonel Gaddafi unveiled the first part of his Great Manmade River, MEED took a front-row seat at the ceremony and quizzed the engineers. While US tanks were still rolling towards Baghdad in March 2003, MEED obtained plans from Washington that described how the US was hoping to rebuild the country. Three months before going public, MEED revealed DP World's IPO plans. Abdalla el-Badri announced Opec's potential move from US dollar to euro pricing to MEED. MEED broke news of Saudi Arabia moving ahead with plans for a Mile-High Tower in Jeddah – which would make it the tallest tower in the world – and Nakheel's plans to create a tower over one kilometre high (then called Nakheel Tower, later announced as Dubai's Harbour Tower) to trump Emaar's Burj Khalifa.\n Links: a. Initial public offering b. Muammar Gaddafi c. Baghdad d. Muammar Gaddafi", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}369{"query": "Question: Where were Commandino's pupils from? Passage:Born in Urbino, he studied at Padua and at Ferrara, where he received his doctorate in medicine. He was most famous for his central role as translator of works of ancient mathematicians. In this, his sources were primarily written in Greek and secondarily in Arabic, while his translations were primarily in Latin and secondarily in Italian. He was responsible for the publication of many treatises of Archimedes. He also translated the works of Aristarchus of Samos (On the sizes and distances of the Sun and the Moon), Pappus of Alexandria (Mathematical collection), Hero of Alexandria (Pneumatics), Ptolemy of Alexandria (Planisphere and Analemma), Apollonius of Perga (Conics) and Euclid of Alexandria (Elements). Among his pupils was Guidobaldo del Monte and Bernardino Baldi. Commandino maintained a correspondence with the astronomer Francesco Maurolico. The proposition known as Commandino's theorem first appears in his work on centers of gravity.\n Links: a. Archimedes b. Guidobaldo del Monte c. Aristarchus of Samos d. Ptolemy", "pos": "Question: Was Commandino older or younger than Francesco Maurolico? Passage:Born in Urbino, he studied at Padua and at Ferrara, where he received his doctorate in medicine. He was most famous for his central role as translator of works of ancient mathematicians. In this, his sources were primarily written in Greek and secondarily in Arabic, while his translations were primarily in Latin and secondarily in Italian. He was responsible for the publication of many treatises of Archimedes. He also translated the works of Aristarchus of Samos (On the sizes and distances of the Sun and the Moon), Pappus of Alexandria (Mathematical collection), Hero of Alexandria (Pneumatics), Ptolemy of Alexandria (Planisphere and Analemma), Apollonius of Perga (Conics) and Euclid of Alexandria (Elements). Among his pupils was Guidobaldo del Monte and Bernardino Baldi. Commandino maintained a correspondence with the astronomer Francesco Maurolico. The proposition known as Commandino's theorem first appears in his work on centers of gravity.\n Links: a. Padua b. Francesco Maurolico c. Padua d. Commandino's theorem", "neg": "Question: What country did Commandino study in? Passage:Born in Urbino, he studied at Padua and at Ferrara, where he received his doctorate in medicine. He was most famous for his central role as translator of works of ancient mathematicians. In this, his sources were primarily written in Greek and secondarily in Arabic, while his translations were primarily in Latin and secondarily in Italian. He was responsible for the publication of many treatises of Archimedes. He also translated the works of Aristarchus of Samos (On the sizes and distances of the Sun and the Moon), Pappus of Alexandria (Mathematical collection), Hero of Alexandria (Pneumatics), Ptolemy of Alexandria (Planisphere and Analemma), Apollonius of Perga (Conics) and Euclid of Alexandria (Elements). Among his pupils was Guidobaldo del Monte and Bernardino Baldi. Commandino maintained a correspondence with the astronomer Francesco Maurolico. The proposition known as Commandino's theorem first appears in his work on centers of gravity.\n Links: a. Padua b. Ferrara c. Apollonius of Perga d. Padua", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}370{"query": "Question: Are the musicians who collaborated with Camilo on his Suntan/In Trio album still alive?  Passage:Camilo's emergence as a star in his own right began around 1985, the year he debuted with his trio at Carnegie Hall. In that same year he toured Europe with Paquito D’Rivera's quintet, and recorded his first album, Why Not?, for Japan's King label. His album Suntan/In Trio had a trio with Anthony Jackson on the bass and Dave Weckl on the drums. In 1988, Camilo debuted on a major record label, Sony, with the release of Michel Camilo, which became a bestseller and held the top jazz album spot for ten consecutive weeks. Special guests joined in with Camilo, such as percussionist Sammy Figueroa and tap dancer Raul. Other bestselling albums followed and so did the accolades, including a Grammy and an Emmy. Camilo's collaborative 2000 album with flamenco guitarist Tomatito Spain won Best Latin Jazz Album in the first Latin Grammy Awards.\n Links: a. Anthony Jackson (musician) b. Tomatito c. Sony Records d. Emmy Award", "pos": "Question: Was the saxophonist for INXS older than the lead guitarist at the time the band took a break to work on side projects? Passage:During 1989, the band took a break to work on side projects. Vocalist and primary songwriter Michael Hutchence collaborated with Ian 'Ollie' Olsen in the band Max Q, the two having previously worked together on Richard Lowenstein's film Dogs in Space. The remaining members of INXS also got involved in other musical projects, including songwriter and multi-instrumentalist Andrew Farriss, who joined singer-songwriter Jenny Morris in the studio to produce her second solo album, Shiver. Bass guitarist Gary Garry Beers collaborated with ARIA award winning Sydney band, Absent Friends during 1989. Beers would first tour with the group, later going on to record tracks for their debut album, Here's Looking Up Your Address. Drummer Jon Farriss would soon join the recording sessions, contributing percussion on one track. Guitarist and saxophonist Kirk Pengilly, along with lead guitarist Tim Farriss, both paired up to help produce an album for local Sydney band, Crash Politics.\n Links: a. Tim Farriss b. Tim Farriss c. Richard Lowenstein d. Shiver (Jenny Morris album)", "neg": "Question: How much time has passed between the completion of Carnegie Hall and Camilo's debut at the same venue? Passage:Camilo's emergence as a star in his own right began around 1985, the year he debuted with his trio at Carnegie Hall. In that same year he toured Europe with Paquito D’Rivera's quintet, and recorded his first album, Why Not?, for Japan's King label. His album Suntan/In Trio had a trio with Anthony Jackson on the bass and Dave Weckl on the drums. In 1988, Camilo debuted on a major record label, Sony, with the release of Michel Camilo, which became a bestseller and held the top jazz album spot for ten consecutive weeks. Special guests joined in with Camilo, such as percussionist Sammy Figueroa and tap dancer Raul. Other bestselling albums followed and so did the accolades, including a Grammy and an Emmy. Camilo's collaborative 2000 album with flamenco guitarist Tomatito Spain won Best Latin Jazz Album in the first Latin Grammy Awards.\n Links: a. Tomatito b. Dave Weckl c. Dave Weckl d. Carnegie Hall", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}371{"query": "Question: What's the current population of the city they were married in? Passage:In 1908, she met John Dailey de Angeli, a violinist, known as Dai. They were married in Toronto on April 12,1910. The first of their six children, John Shadrach de Angeli, was born one year later. After living in many locations in the American and Canadian West, they settled in the Philadelphia suburb of Collingswood, New Jersey. There in 1921 Marguerite started to study drawing under her mentor, Maurice Bower. In 1922, Marguerite began illustrating a Sunday School paper and was soon doing illustrations for magazines such as The Country Gentleman, Ladies' Home Journal, and The American Girl, besides illustrating books for authors including Helen Ferris, Elsie Singmaster, Cornelia Meigs, and Dorothy Canfield Fisher. Her last child, Maurice Bower de Angeli, was born in 1928, seven years before the 1935 publication of her first book, Ted and Nina Go to the Grocery Store. The de Angeli family moved frequently, returning to Pennsylvania and living north of Philadelphia in Jenkintown, west of Philadelphia in the Manoa neighborhood of Havertown, on Carpenter Lane in Germantown, Philadelphia, on Panama Street in Center City, Philadelphia, in an apartment near the Philadelphia Art Museum, and in a cottage in Green Lane, Pennsylvania. They also maintained a summer cabin on Money Island in Toms River, New Jersey. Marguerite's husband died in 1969, eight months before their 60th wedding anniversary.\n Links: a. Dorothy Canfield Fisher b. Dorothy Canfield Fisher c. Toronto d. Toms River, New Jersey", "pos": "Question: Is the person who taught Midori violin at the Pre-College Division of Juilliard School still teaching? Passage:Midori gave her first public performance at the age of six, playing one of the 24 Caprices of Paganini in her native Osaka. In 1982 she and her mother moved to New York City, where Midori started violin studies with Dorothy DeLay at Pre-College Division of Juilliard School and the Aspen Music Festival and School. As her audition piece, Midori performed Bach's thirteen-minute-long Chaconne, generally considered one of the most difficult solo violin pieces. In the same year, she made her concert debut with the New York Philharmonic under Zubin Mehta, a conductor with whom she would later record on the Sony Classical label. In 1986 came her legendary performance of Leonard Bernstein's Serenade at Tanglewood, conducted by Bernstein. During the performance, she broke the E string on her violin, then again on the concertmaster's Stradivarius after she borrowed it. She finished the performance with the associate concertmaster's Guadagnini and received a standing ovation. The next day The New York Times front page carried the headline, \"Girl, 14, Conquers Tanglewood with 3 Violins\".\n Links: a. Leonard Bernstein b. Niccolò Paganini c. Dorothy DeLay d. Zubin Mehta", "neg": "Question: What country is the city the couple got married in, in 1910? Passage:In 1908, she met John Dailey de Angeli, a violinist, known as Dai. They were married in Toronto on April 12,1910. The first of their six children, John Shadrach de Angeli, was born one year later. After living in many locations in the American and Canadian West, they settled in the Philadelphia suburb of Collingswood, New Jersey. There in 1921 Marguerite started to study drawing under her mentor, Maurice Bower. In 1922, Marguerite began illustrating a Sunday School paper and was soon doing illustrations for magazines such as The Country Gentleman, Ladies' Home Journal, and The American Girl, besides illustrating books for authors including Helen Ferris, Elsie Singmaster, Cornelia Meigs, and Dorothy Canfield Fisher. Her last child, Maurice Bower de Angeli, was born in 1928, seven years before the 1935 publication of her first book, Ted and Nina Go to the Grocery Store. The de Angeli family moved frequently, returning to Pennsylvania and living north of Philadelphia in Jenkintown, west of Philadelphia in the Manoa neighborhood of Havertown, on Carpenter Lane in Germantown, Philadelphia, on Panama Street in Center City, Philadelphia, in an apartment near the Philadelphia Art Museum, and in a cottage in Green Lane, Pennsylvania. They also maintained a summer cabin on Money Island in Toms River, New Jersey. Marguerite's husband died in 1969, eight months before their 60th wedding anniversary.\n Links: a. Toronto b. Green Lane, Pennsylvania c. Havertown, Pennsylvania d. Collingswood, New Jersey", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}372{"query": "Question: How old was Geare when he led privateers on the Margaret and John? Passage:The son of Thomas Watts of Buntingford, Hertfordshire, he was owner of the Margaret and John, one of the ships paid by the city of London in 1588 to sail against the Spanish armada. Watts himself served in her as a volunteer, and saw action. In 1590 the same ship was one of a fleet of merchantmen coming home from the Mediterranean, which successfully fought and repelled the Spanish galleys near Cadiz. Although Watts was not on board, throughout the war he equipped and financed privateers led by Michael Geare, William Lane and Christopher Newport. A few of his notable successes include his financed and organised expedition to the Spanish main in 1590, the expedition to Cuba the following year and James Lancaster's expedition to Recife in April 1595. Watt's received significant prize money from the success of these expeditions. Another in July 1601 took into Plymouth a prize coming from the Indies laden with China silks, satins and taffetas. At this time he was an alderman of London (Tower ward), and had been suspected of being a supporter of Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex.\n Links: a. Cádiz b. Michael Geare c. Cádiz d. Christopher Newport", "pos": "Question: How old was John Cabot when he left Portishead on the Matthew? Passage:The town was built on the mouth of a small tributary of the Severn Estuary near the mouth of the River Avon. The old pill or jetty provided protection for craft against the Bristol Channel's large tidal range, and iron rings can be seen in the high street at which fishing boats used to moor. Its position meant Portishead was used to guard the \"King Road\", as the waters around the headland are called. In 1497 it was the departure point for John Cabot on the Matthew. A fort was built on Battery Point, and was used during the English Civil War when the town supported the Royalists, but surrendered to Fairfax in 1645. Guns were also placed at Battery Point during World War II. The King Road was the site of a naval action in 1758 when HMS Antelope captured HMS Belliqueux, one of a French squadron returning from Quebec.\n Links: a. Iron b. John Cabot c. Matthew (ship) d. Severn Estuary", "neg": "Question: What was the age of Lancaster when he went to Recife? Passage:The son of Thomas Watts of Buntingford, Hertfordshire, he was owner of the Margaret and John, one of the ships paid by the city of London in 1588 to sail against the Spanish armada. Watts himself served in her as a volunteer, and saw action. In 1590 the same ship was one of a fleet of merchantmen coming home from the Mediterranean, which successfully fought and repelled the Spanish galleys near Cadiz. Although Watts was not on board, throughout the war he equipped and financed privateers led by Michael Geare, William Lane and Christopher Newport. A few of his notable successes include his financed and organised expedition to the Spanish main in 1590, the expedition to Cuba the following year and James Lancaster's expedition to Recife in April 1595. Watt's received significant prize money from the success of these expeditions. Another in July 1601 took into Plymouth a prize coming from the Indies laden with China silks, satins and taffetas. At this time he was an alderman of London (Tower ward), and had been suspected of being a supporter of Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex.\n Links: a. Plymouth b. Christopher Newport c. James Lancaster d. Capture of Recife (1595)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}373{"query": "Question: When was the first person to describe the Nash Papyrus text born? Passage:The Nash Papyrus is a collection of four papyrus fragments acquired in Egypt in 1898, inscribed with a Hebrew text which mainly contains the Ten Commandments and the first part of the Shema Yisrael prayer, in a form that differs substantially from the later, canonical Masoretic text and is in parts more similar to the chronologically closer Septuagint. It has been suggested that the text might have been the daily worship of a Jew living in Egypt at the time. The fragments comprise a single sheet and are not part of a scroll. The papyrus is of unknown provenance, although it is allegedly from Fayyum. The text was first described by Stanley A. Cook in 1903. Though dated by Cook to the 2nd century CE, subsequent reappraisals have pushed the date of the fragments back to about 150–100 BCE. The papyrus was by far the oldest Hebrew manuscript fragment known at that time, before the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls in 1947.\n Links: a. Stanley Arthur Cook b. Hebrew language c. Shema Yisrael d. Papyrus", "pos": "Question: When was the Nicene creed established? Passage:Cecan was born among the Romanians of Novoselitsa (Noua Suliță or Novoselytsia) or Beleuța village, Hotin County. Both were located in the northern tip of the Bessarabia Governorate, Russia (now in Chernivtsi Oblast, Ukraine). His native area had been split from ancient Moldavia; Western Moldavia remained in Romania, whereas the Moldavian sub-region of Bukovina, just west of Novoselitsa, was administered by Austria-Hungary. Ieremia Teodor's original surname was Ciocan (\"hammer\"), which was approximated into Russian as Chekan, then mutated back into Romanian as Cecan. He went on to study in Kishinev (Chișinău), training at the Theological Seminary (in 1889) and then being assigned the central Bessarabian parish of Nișcani. Later on, he furthered his studies in theology at Kiev Academy. He became a passionate reader and follower of Vladimir Solovyov, as well as a speaker for the reunification of Orthodoxy and Catholicism. In his later articles on the subject, Cecan favored leniency toward the use of Filioque in the Nicene Creed and accepted the doctrine of papal infallibility.\n Links: a. Nicene Creed b. Bukovina c. Vladimir Solovyov (philosopher) d. Ukraine", "neg": "Question: Who discovered the scrolls that supplanted the Nash Payrus as the oldest Hebrew manuscript? Passage:The Nash Papyrus is a collection of four papyrus fragments acquired in Egypt in 1898, inscribed with a Hebrew text which mainly contains the Ten Commandments and the first part of the Shema Yisrael prayer, in a form that differs substantially from the later, canonical Masoretic text and is in parts more similar to the chronologically closer Septuagint. It has been suggested that the text might have been the daily worship of a Jew living in Egypt at the time. The fragments comprise a single sheet and are not part of a scroll. The papyrus is of unknown provenance, although it is allegedly from Fayyum. The text was first described by Stanley A. Cook in 1903. Though dated by Cook to the 2nd century CE, subsequent reappraisals have pushed the date of the fragments back to about 150–100 BCE. The papyrus was by far the oldest Hebrew manuscript fragment known at that time, before the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls in 1947.\n Links: a. Septuagint b. Masoretic Text c. Egypt d. Dead Sea Scrolls", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}374{"query": "Question: Who were the other writers for M*A*S*H? Passage:As a writer, Graham penned seven episodes of M*A*S*H (and guest starred as Sgt. Gribble in the episode \"Your Hit Parade,\" for which he was program consultant) and nine episodes of The Brady Bunch Hour. He also co-wrote the screenplays for the Mel Brooks' films To Be or Not to Be (1983) and Spaceballs (1987), appearing onscreen as Sondheim in the former and the Minister in the latter. His other film credits included roles in Dirty Little Billy (1972), Won Ton Ton, the Dog Who Saved Hollywood (1976), The World's Greatest Lover (1977) and History of the World, Part I (1981). He had a recurring role on Chico and the Man and made guest appearances on Murder She Wrote, Picket Fences, and Chicago Hope. He was a frequent guest on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson. Graham played the character who dropped the clapperboard repeatedly in a famous, 1969 Alka Selzer \"Spicy Meatball\" advertisement and played the part of \"Mr. Dirt\" on a series of commercials for Mobil Oil in the 1970s. In 1996, he appeared as the character Louis Foukold in the screen adaptation of the Jon Robin Baitz play The Substance of Fire.\n Links: a. Chico and the Man b. Dirty Little Billy c. Won Ton Ton, the Dog Who Saved Hollywood d. M*A*S*H (TV series)", "pos": "Question: How many other movies did Ronald Shusett write? Passage:After completion of the film Dark Star (1974), writer Dan O'Bannon wanted to develop some of the ideas and create a science-fiction action film. Provisionally called Memory, screenwriter Ronald Shusett collaborated with O'Bannon on the project, adding elements from a previous O'Bannon script, Gremlins, which featured gremlins causing mayhem aboard a World War II bomber. The duo finished the script, initially titled Star Beast — it was changed to Alien after O'Bannon noticed the number of times the word \"alien\" occurred in the script. Their script was sold to Brandywine Productions, which had a distribution deal with 20th Century Fox. The writers anticipated a low-budget film, but 20th Century Fox was inclined to invest millions, thanks to the success of Star Wars. The original script featured an all-male crew, including Ripley character, with Tom Skerritt attached, with the caveat that the roles were interchangeable for men or women. When Fox president Alan Ladd Jr. and the producers at Brandywine were made aware of Fox working on other titles with strong female leads, Skerritt was cast as Captain Dallas and Ripley was recast with Veronica Cartwright, before director Ridley Scott opted for Sigourney Weaver shortly before filming.\n Links: a. Gremlin b. Bomber c. 20th Century Fox d. Ronald Shusett", "neg": "Question: Who starred in the spin-off of Brothers in Law? Passage:After the war, Norden wrote material for comedian Dick Bentley, before meeting Frank Muir (who wrote for comic actor Jimmy Edwards) in 1947; they were brought together by producer Ted Kavanagh. Muir and Norden's first joint venture was a radio show for both performers, Take it from Here!, which they scripted from 1948 to 1959. They went on to write many successful radio and television scripts, including Whack-O! (1956–1960) and three series of Faces of Jim (1961–1963) which were vehicles for Jimmy Edwards. They also wrote the satirical sketch Balham, Gateway to the South for the BBC Third Programme. The sketch, which had originally been broadcast in 1948 as part of a comedy series called The Third Division and which featured actor Robert Beatty, was later performed by Peter Sellers for his LP, The Best of Sellers (1959). In the early 1960s, Muir and Norden wrote the sitcom Brothers in Law, an early series featuring Richard Briers, and its spin-off Mr Justice Duncannon.\n Links: a. Jimmy Edwards b. Mr Justice Duncannon c. Faces of Jim d. Mr Justice Duncannon", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}375{"query": "Question: Which of the two trading partners of the port of Karachi in the eighteenth century has the largest population now? Passage:The Manora Island and was visited by Ottoman admiral Seydi Ali Reis and mentioned in his book Mir'ât ül Memâlik in 1554. According to the British historian Eliot, parts of city of Karachi and the island of Manora at port of Karachi constituted the city of Debal. The island was the site of a small fort constructed in the eighteenth century when the port of Karachi traded with Oman and Bahrain. The Kalmati Baloch tribe was settled in Karachi and they raised an army to defend the port from the British invasion. The Kalmati forces were defeated when the Manora Fort was stormed by the British in 1839 because of the strategic location of Karachi. Although the fort is now buried beneath the naval base, the lighthouse is a visible reminder of the British presence having been built in 1889 by the Canadian engineer Alain-Chartier-de-Lotbiniere Joly de Lotbinière to assist vessels approaching Karachi harbor.\n Links: a. Oman b. British Raj c. Oman d. Ottoman Empire", "pos": "Question: Which is the larger of the two islands where they remained until February 1682? Passage:Wright, with French Captains Archembeau and Toccart, sailed to Corn Island and then to Bluefield's River where he left the French privateers. Arriving in Bocas del Toro several weeks later Wright joined with Dutch Captain Yankey Willems, who himself had no commission, and departed with Yanky from Boca del Toro in September sailing south along Colombia where Yanky captured a Spanish merchant ship carrying sugar and tobacco. Wright receiving Yanky's barque, as Yanky kept the merchant ship, burned his own ship and sold the Spanish tartane he had taken near Cartago to one of the Jamaican traders on board. At Curaçao they attempted to sell the Spanish cargo but were forced to leave by the Dutch Governor. They continued to sail to the Isla Aves and Islas Roques where they remained until February 1682. Returning to Islas Roques later in 1682, Wright parted from Williems, where he and his crew divided their loot and dispersed. Wright may have returned to his home in French Hispaniola. William Dampier, who had been sailing as a member of Wrights's and Willems' crew, left with John Cook and others to return to Virginia before returning to buccaneering.\n Links: a. Isla de Aves b. Tobacco c. William Dampier d. William Dampier", "neg": "Question: Of the two provinces to the east of Montreal, which has the largest land area? Passage:As a British colony, and with immigration no longer limited to members of the Roman Catholic religion, the city began to grow from British immigration. American Revolutionists under General Richard Montgomery briefly captured the city during the 1775 invasion of Canada but left when it became obvious they could not hold Canada. Often having suffered loss of property and personal attacks during hostilities, thousands of English-speaking Loyalists migrated to Canada from the American colonies during and after the American Revolution. In 1782, John Molson estimated the population of the city at 6,000. The government provided most with land, settling them in what became Upper Canada (Ontario) to the west, as well as Nova Scotia and New Brunswick to the east. The first Protestant church in Montreal was St. Gabriel's, established by a Presbyterian missionary in 1792. With 19th-century immigration, more and more English-speaking merchants and residents continued to arrive in what had by then become known as Montreal. Soon the main language of commerce in the city was English. The golden era of fur trading began in the city with the advent of the locally owned North West Company, the main rival to the primarily British Hudson's Bay Company. The first machine shop in Montreal, owned by one George Platt, was in operation before 1809. The census of 1821 numbered 18,767 residents.\n Links: a. American Revolution b. Nova Scotia c. Presbyterianism d. Hudson's Bay Company", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}376{"query": "Question: Near what Kentucky city did Beck serve in the Field Artillery? Passage:Beck was born in the village of Timmersdala, Sweden as one of seven children born to Carl Melcher and Anna Helena (Jonson) Back. His father was a member of the Swedish military and the owner and operator of a lime kiln. In March 1906, at the age of 11, Beck immigrated to the United States arriving in South Dakota in the middle of April 1906. He became a naturalized citizen of the United States of May 17, 1913. He received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Morningside College in 1920. He received a Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School in 1922. During World War I, he was a Second Lieutenant in the United States Army. He served in the Field Artillery at Camp Zachary Taylor, Kentucky, where it appears he was a junior officer of the 4th Company Convalescent Center.\n Links: a. University of Chicago Law School b. Second lieutenant c. Kentucky d. Juris Doctor", "pos": "Question: Who were the first commander of the regiment Erwin served in during the American Civil War? Passage:Born in Washington, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania, Erwin settled in Portage, Wisconsin in 1853. From 1855 to 1868, Erwin lived in Jo Daviess County, Illinois and then in Stephenson County, Illinois. During the American Civil War, Erwin served in the 45th Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment. In 1868, Erwin moved to Tomah, Wisconsin and was in the mercantile business. From 1879 to 1882 and 1886, Erwin served on the Tomah Board of Education and was president of the school board. From 1882 to 1889, Erwin served in the Wisconsin State Senate and was a Republican. In 1889, Erwin served as postmaster for Tomah, Wisconsin. In 1902, Erwin moved with his family to Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Erwin died suddenly in Savanna, Illinois just as he was about get on a train for a trip to Omaha, Nebraska.\n Links: a. Lycoming County, Pennsylvania b. Stephenson County, Illinois c. 45th Illinois Infantry Regiment d. Milwaukee", "neg": "Question: In what state did Beck receive a college degree in 1920? Passage:Beck was born in the village of Timmersdala, Sweden as one of seven children born to Carl Melcher and Anna Helena (Jonson) Back. His father was a member of the Swedish military and the owner and operator of a lime kiln. In March 1906, at the age of 11, Beck immigrated to the United States arriving in South Dakota in the middle of April 1906. He became a naturalized citizen of the United States of May 17, 1913. He received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Morningside College in 1920. He received a Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School in 1922. During World War I, he was a Second Lieutenant in the United States Army. He served in the Field Artillery at Camp Zachary Taylor, Kentucky, where it appears he was a junior officer of the 4th Company Convalescent Center.\n Links: a. Sweden b. Morningside College c. South Dakota d. Juris Doctor", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}377{"query": "Question: Who were the other nominees the year that Matthew Goode was nominated for Best Actor at the Film Critics Circle of Australia Awards? Passage:Matthew William Goode (born 3 April 1978) is an English character actor. He made his screen debut in 2002 with ABC's TV film feature Confessions of an Ugly Stepsister. His breakthrough role was in the romantic comedy, Chasing Liberty (2004), for which he received a nomination at Teen Choice Awards for Choice Breakout Movie Star – Male. He then appeared in a string of supporting roles in films like Woody Allen's Match Point (2005), the German-British romantic comedy Imagine Me and You (2006), and the period drama Copying Beethoven (2006). He's garnered praise for his performance as Charles Ryder in Julian Jarrold's adaptation of Evelyn Waugh's Brideshead Revisited (2008), and as Ozymandias in the American neo-noir superhero film Watchmen (2009), based on DC Comics' limited series of the same name. He then starred in romantic comedy Leap Year (2010) and Australian drama Burning Man (2011), the latter earning him a nomination for Best Actor at the Film Critics Circle of Australia Awards.\n Links: a. DC Comics b. Film Critics Circle of Australia c. Chasing Liberty d. Ozymandias (character)", "pos": "Question: How long had the Teen Choice Awards existed when Matthew Goode was nominated for Chasing Liberty? Passage:Matthew William Goode (born 3 April 1978) is an English character actor. He made his screen debut in 2002 with ABC's TV film feature Confessions of an Ugly Stepsister. His breakthrough role was in the romantic comedy, Chasing Liberty (2004), for which he received a nomination at Teen Choice Awards for Choice Breakout Movie Star – Male. He then appeared in a string of supporting roles in films like Woody Allen's Match Point (2005), the German-British romantic comedy Imagine Me and You (2006), and the period drama Copying Beethoven (2006). He's garnered praise for his performance as Charles Ryder in Julian Jarrold's adaptation of Evelyn Waugh's Brideshead Revisited (2008), and as Ozymandias in the American neo-noir superhero film Watchmen (2009), based on DC Comics' limited series of the same name. He then starred in romantic comedy Leap Year (2010) and Australian drama Burning Man (2011), the latter earning him a nomination for Best Actor at the Film Critics Circle of Australia Awards.\n Links: a. Chasing Liberty b. Teen Choice Awards c. DC Comics d. Brideshead Revisited (film)", "neg": "Question: Who starred next to Caine in the role that led him to an Academy Award for Best Actor nomination? Passage:Michael Caine is an English actor who has appeared in over 130 films and has had multiple television appearances. Caine's acting career began in the 1950s, when he was cast in many small, often uncredited roles in British films. Caine gained recognition as one of the most famous actors of the 1960s through his breakthrough role in the film Zulu (1964). He then portrayed spy Harry Palmer in the films The Ipcress File (1965), Funeral in Berlin (1966) and Billion Dollar Brain (1967). He also had starring roles in The Italian Job and Battle of Britain (both 1969). His role in Sleuth (1972) led him to an Academy Award for Best Actor nomination. Caine has won a Best Supporting Actor Oscar for the films Hannah and Her Sisters (1986) and The Cider House Rules (1999). More recently, Caine has gained a new following through his collaborations with British-American filmmaker Christopher Nolan in the Dark Knight Trilogy films, as well as Inception (2010) and Interstellar (2014).\n Links: a. Sleuth (1972 film) b. Michael Caine c. Battle of Britain (film) d. Christopher Nolan", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}378{"query": "Question: How old was Friedrich III's daughter when she married Count Palatine Stephan? Passage:The mediaeval historical development that Homberg experienced closely matches that experienced by neighbouring villages such as Kirrweiler, Deimberg, Buborn, Langweiler and Hausweiler. Like these places, Homberg belonged until 1140 to the Nahegau, and then thereafter until 1263 to the Waldgraviate, which itself had arisen from the Nahegau. As far as is now known, Homberg had its first documentary mention in 1319. In the document in question, an arbitrator confirmed that Waldgrave Friedrich of Kyrburg had to forgo all his claims to rights to Hoenberg and a series of other places in the “Gericht auf der Höhe” (“Court on the Heights”). The Gericht auf der Höhe was said to be a constituent district of the “Hochgericht auf der Heide” (“High Court on the Heath”), which comprised, roughly, lands in a triangle bounded by the Nahe, the Glan and the Steinalp (another river). The 1319 document dealt with a dispute between the two Waldgravial sidelines of Kyrburg and Dhaun-Grumbach. About 1344, in his own documents, the name “Friedrich von Hoenberg” appeared. He was obviously a nobleman who came from Homberg, but nothing else about him has come to light. The villages under the Gericht auf der Höhe, among which was Homberg, were pledged first, in 1363, by Johann von Dhaun to Sponheim-Starkenburg and then in 1443 by Waldgrave and Rhinegrave Friedrich to the last of the Counts of Veldenz, namely Friedrich III, whose daughter Anna married King Ruprecht's son Count Palatine Stephan. The document whereby this arrangement was laid out referred to the village's inhabitants as the “poor people of Grumbach”. By uniting his own Palatine holdings with the now otherwise heirless County of Veldenz – his wife had inherited the county upon her father Friedrich III's death in 1444, but not his comital title – and by redeeming the hitherto pledged County of Zweibrücken, Stephan founded a new County Palatine, as whose comital residence he chose the town of Zweibrücken: the County Palatine – later Duchy – of Palatinate-Zweibrücken. Thus, Homberg, and the other villages, too, lay within this duchy, but they were all returned to the Waldgraviate in 1477 when the pledge was redeemed.\n Links: a. Deimberg b. Anna of Veldenz, Countess Palatine of Simmern-Zweibrücken c. County of Sponheim d. Deimberg", "pos": "Question: In what year was the count who granted the church and farm to Beromünster born? Passage:The first mention of modern Hägglingen is in 1036 when Count Ulrich von Lenzburg granted the church and farm of Hekelingen to Beromünster. In the acknowledgments of Emperor Henry III in 1045, the village of Hackelingen was mentioned. Frederick I Barbarossa acknowledged the grants to the village in 1173. The Vogtei (bailiwick) went from the Lenzburg family to the Kyburgs and then in 1273 to the Lords of Hallwyl. The high court rights were exercised by the Habsburgs until the Swiss conquered the Aargau in 1415. It was not until 1425 that Hägglingen, which was claimed by Lucerne, came under the authority of the entire Confederacy. It was first assigned to the district court of Wohlenschwil before it became an independent municipality from 1435-1712.\n Links: a. Lucerne b. Counts of Lenzburg c. Vogt d. Old Swiss Confederacy", "neg": "Question: Which neighbouring village to Homberg had the most residents? Passage:The mediaeval historical development that Homberg experienced closely matches that experienced by neighbouring villages such as Kirrweiler, Deimberg, Buborn, Langweiler and Hausweiler. Like these places, Homberg belonged until 1140 to the Nahegau, and then thereafter until 1263 to the Waldgraviate, which itself had arisen from the Nahegau. As far as is now known, Homberg had its first documentary mention in 1319. In the document in question, an arbitrator confirmed that Waldgrave Friedrich of Kyrburg had to forgo all his claims to rights to Hoenberg and a series of other places in the “Gericht auf der Höhe” (“Court on the Heights”). The Gericht auf der Höhe was said to be a constituent district of the “Hochgericht auf der Heide” (“High Court on the Heath”), which comprised, roughly, lands in a triangle bounded by the Nahe, the Glan and the Steinalp (another river). The 1319 document dealt with a dispute between the two Waldgravial sidelines of Kyrburg and Dhaun-Grumbach. About 1344, in his own documents, the name “Friedrich von Hoenberg” appeared. He was obviously a nobleman who came from Homberg, but nothing else about him has come to light. The villages under the Gericht auf der Höhe, among which was Homberg, were pledged first, in 1363, by Johann von Dhaun to Sponheim-Starkenburg and then in 1443 by Waldgrave and Rhinegrave Friedrich to the last of the Counts of Veldenz, namely Friedrich III, whose daughter Anna married King Ruprecht's son Count Palatine Stephan. The document whereby this arrangement was laid out referred to the village's inhabitants as the “poor people of Grumbach”. By uniting his own Palatine holdings with the now otherwise heirless County of Veldenz – his wife had inherited the county upon her father Friedrich III's death in 1444, but not his comital title – and by redeeming the hitherto pledged County of Zweibrücken, Stephan founded a new County Palatine, as whose comital residence he chose the town of Zweibrücken: the County Palatine – later Duchy – of Palatinate-Zweibrücken. Thus, Homberg, and the other villages, too, lay within this duchy, but they were all returned to the Waldgraviate in 1477 when the pledge was redeemed.\n Links: a. Langweiler, Kusel b. County of Sponheim c. Kirrweiler, Kusel d. Kirrweiler, Kusel", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}379{"query": "Question: Did Greece win the Greco-Persian Wars? Passage:The scale and scope of warfare in Ancient Greece changed dramatically as a result of the Greco-Persian Wars, which marked the beginning of Classical Greece (480-323 BC). To fight the enormous armies of the Achaemenid Empire was effectively beyond the capabilities of a single city-state. The eventual triumph of the Greeks was achieved by alliances of many city-states, on a scale never seen before. The rise of Athens and Sparta during this conflict led directly to the Peloponnesian War, which saw diversification of warfare. Emphasis shifted to naval battles and strategies of attrition such as blockades and sieges. Following the defeat of the Athenians in 404 BC, and the disbandment of the Athenian-dominated Delian League, Ancient Greece fell under the Spartan hegemony. But this was unstable, and the Persian Empire sponsored a rebellion by the combined powers of Athens, Thebes, Corinth and Argos, resulting in the Corinthian War (395-387 BC). Persia switched sides, which ended the war, in return for the cities of Ionia and Spartan non-interference in Asia Minor. The Spartan hegemony would last another 16 years, until, at the Battle of Leuctra (371) the Spartans were decisively defeated by the Theban general Epaminondas.\n Links: a. Classical Greece b. Greco-Persian Wars c. Corinth d. Corinth", "pos": "Question: What year did the war end that began in August of 1787? Passage:With the outbreak of the Russo-Turkish War in August 1787, Russian Empress Catherine the Great laid out her plans to incite revolts across Ottoman Greece. Proclamations calling the Greek clergy to lead a war of liberation against the Ottomans were printed in September 1787 and February 1788. In March, Admiral Samuel Greig and Major-General Ivan Zaborovsky were tasked with signing alliances and facilitating revolts among the Christian populations in Dalmatia, Albania and Greece. The Russian consulate in the Heptanese activated its network of sleeper agents who had originally been recruited before the Orlov revolt. Louitzis Sotiris and Himariot Panos Bitsilis begin recruiting soldiers in the area of Epirus, while Antonis Psaros and Lambros Katsonis built a small naval force in Italy. For the most part Russian plans did not materialize as the Baltic Fleet failed to reach the Mediterranean Sea. Without its assistance most of Russia's local allies refused to take part in the rising.\n Links: a. Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792) b. Albania c. Lambros Katsonis d. Albania", "neg": "Question: Were Athens and Sparta always enemies? Passage:The scale and scope of warfare in Ancient Greece changed dramatically as a result of the Greco-Persian Wars, which marked the beginning of Classical Greece (480-323 BC). To fight the enormous armies of the Achaemenid Empire was effectively beyond the capabilities of a single city-state. The eventual triumph of the Greeks was achieved by alliances of many city-states, on a scale never seen before. The rise of Athens and Sparta during this conflict led directly to the Peloponnesian War, which saw diversification of warfare. Emphasis shifted to naval battles and strategies of attrition such as blockades and sieges. Following the defeat of the Athenians in 404 BC, and the disbandment of the Athenian-dominated Delian League, Ancient Greece fell under the Spartan hegemony. But this was unstable, and the Persian Empire sponsored a rebellion by the combined powers of Athens, Thebes, Corinth and Argos, resulting in the Corinthian War (395-387 BC). Persia switched sides, which ended the war, in return for the cities of Ionia and Spartan non-interference in Asia Minor. The Spartan hegemony would last another 16 years, until, at the Battle of Leuctra (371) the Spartans were decisively defeated by the Theban general Epaminondas.\n Links: a. Sparta b. Ionia c. Athens d. Anatolia", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}380{"query": "Question: What is the current population of the city Lyon left from on the SS Bavarian? Passage:Lyon was commissioned as a Second Lieutenant into the 4th (Extra Reserve) Battalion, the North Staffordshire Regiment in February 1900, but two months later, in April of the same year, transferred to the 2nd Battalion of the regiment. The 2nd Battalion was a regular battalion and was at the time on active service in South Africa during the Second Boer War, where Lyon joined the battalion and served with it throughout the war being Mentioned in Despatches in 1901. He was promoted to lieutenant on 19 January 1901, while in South Africa. After peace was declared in May 1902, Lyon left Cape Town on board the SS Bavarian and arrived in the United Kingdom the following month. He remained with the 2nd Battalion when it was posted to India in 1903 where he became adjutant and was promoted to captain.\n Links: a. Adjutant b. Mentioned in dispatches c. Cape Town d. Military reserve force", "pos": "Question: What was the population of Southampton when Charles Ogston first arrived there? Passage:Ogston was the son of Alexander Milne Ogston of Ardoe, Kincardineshire. He was educated at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst and commissioned a second lieutenant in the Gordon Highlanders in November 1897. He served on the North-West Frontier of India from 1897 to 1898 and took part in the Tirah Campaign under Sir William Lockhart. Promoted to lieutenant on 21 July 1899, he was later the same year sent to South Africa to serve as an intelligence officer in the Second Boer War. He took part in the Relief of Kimberley (February 1900), including the Battle of Magersfontein (11 December 1899), followed by fighting in the Orange Free State from February to May 1900, including the Battle of Paardeberg (18–27 February 1900). In May 1900 he was posted to the Transvaal Republic, where he took part in the occupation of Johannesburg and Pretoria, the capital of the republic, followed by service around the occupied areas, including the Battle of Bergendal (August 1900) and fighting near Lydenburg. He was promoted to captain on 22 January 1902, and following the end of hostilities in early June 1902 left Cape Town on board the SS Orotava, arriving at Southampton the next month.\n Links: a. Siege of Kimberley b. Battle of Bergendal c. Southampton d. Southampton", "neg": "Question: How many years did the war where Lyon served with the 2nd Battalion last? Passage:Lyon was commissioned as a Second Lieutenant into the 4th (Extra Reserve) Battalion, the North Staffordshire Regiment in February 1900, but two months later, in April of the same year, transferred to the 2nd Battalion of the regiment. The 2nd Battalion was a regular battalion and was at the time on active service in South Africa during the Second Boer War, where Lyon joined the battalion and served with it throughout the war being Mentioned in Despatches in 1901. He was promoted to lieutenant on 19 January 1901, while in South Africa. After peace was declared in May 1902, Lyon left Cape Town on board the SS Bavarian and arrived in the United Kingdom the following month. He remained with the 2nd Battalion when it was posted to India in 1903 where he became adjutant and was promoted to captain.\n Links: a. Mentioned in dispatches b. Military reserve force c. Second lieutenant d. Second Boer War", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}381{"query": "Question: Who is the founder of the company who completed sound design for the Hulk movie? Passage:Eric Bana commented that the shoot was, \"Ridiculously serious... a silent set, morbid in a lot of ways.\" Lee told him that he was shooting a Greek tragedy: he would be making a \"whole other movie\" about the Hulk at Industrial Light & Magic. An example of Lee's art house approach to the film was taking Bana to watch a bare-knuckle boxing match. Computer animation supervisor Dennis Muren was on the set every day. One of the many visual images in the film that presented an acting challenge for Bana was a split screen technique employed by Lee to cinematically mimic the panels of a comic book page. This required many more takes of individual scenes than normal. Sound design was completed at Skywalker Sound. Muren and other ILM animators used previous technology from Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (for the Dobby character) to create the Hulk with computer-generated imagery. Other software used included PowerAnimator, Softimage Creative Environment, Softimage XSI, and RenderMan Interface Specification. ILM started computer animation work in 2001, and completed in May 2003, just one month before the film's release. Lee provided some motion capture work in post-production.\n Links: a. Skywalker Sound b. Skywalker Sound c. Magical creatures in Harry Potter d. Computer-generated imagery", "pos": "Question: In what city will Bana be making a \"whole other movie\" about the Hulk? Passage:Eric Bana commented that the shoot was, \"Ridiculously serious... a silent set, morbid in a lot of ways.\" Lee told him that he was shooting a Greek tragedy: he would be making a \"whole other movie\" about the Hulk at Industrial Light & Magic. An example of Lee's art house approach to the film was taking Bana to watch a bare-knuckle boxing match. Computer animation supervisor Dennis Muren was on the set every day. One of the many visual images in the film that presented an acting challenge for Bana was a split screen technique employed by Lee to cinematically mimic the panels of a comic book page. This required many more takes of individual scenes than normal. Sound design was completed at Skywalker Sound. Muren and other ILM animators used previous technology from Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (for the Dobby character) to create the Hulk with computer-generated imagery. Other software used included PowerAnimator, Softimage Creative Environment, Softimage XSI, and RenderMan Interface Specification. ILM started computer animation work in 2001, and completed in May 2003, just one month before the film's release. Lee provided some motion capture work in post-production.\n Links: a. Industrial Light & Magic b. Art film c. Bare-knuckle boxing d. Skywalker Sound", "neg": "Question: Who directed the film The Man Who Sued God that was remade as OMG - Oh My God!, in association with Viacom 18 Motion Pictures? Passage:The company's first film was the Umesh Shukla-directed satirical comedy-drama OMG – Oh My God!, produced in association with Viacom 18 Motion Pictures, Spice Studio and Paresh Rawal's Playtime Creation company. A song was added against the director's wishes. Built on a small budget and based on a Gujarati stage-play titled Kanji Virudh Kanji, it was a remake of the 2001 Australian film The Man Who Sued God. The story depicted the struggles of an atheist Hindu man who sued God after his shop is destroyed by an earthquake. Kumar appeared as Lord Krishna in the film. Sukanya Verma of Rediff.com appreciated the film for bringing \"attention to the misuse and commercialisation of religion\". Anupama Chopra praised Rawal's acting but felt that the rest character's were flimsy and film's \"intentions [were] good, but the preaching [was] boring\". The film received poor initial collection at the box office but because of word of mouth it picked up and proved to be a commercial success. The film was banned in Malaysia and the United Arab Emirates and faced protests in Punjab where several shows had to be cancelled. A police case was lodged against film's writer, director, Kumar and Rawal for hurting religious sentiments. Bhavesh Mandalia and Umesh Shukla won the National Film Award for Best Adapted Screenplay while Kumar received a nomination for Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor. OMG – Oh My God! has inspired a Telugu remake titled Gopala Gopala which featured Daggubati Venkatesh and Pawan Kalyan in important roles. It was directed by Kishore Kumar Pardasany. Reportedly, the producers of PK offered to Shukla to stop shooting. He is planning a sequel. Kumar said that he wanted to make \"socially relevant\" films.\n Links: a. Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor b. Anupama Chopra c. The Man Who Sued God d. Word of mouth", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}382{"query": "Question: What was the best selling album released by Strings after 2000? Passage:In 1990 the band signed with EMI Records and released their debut album, Strings. Their initial experiments with synthesised sounds and rhythms were not immediately recognised, although Strings sold 20,000 copies during its first week after release. Two years later the band released their second album, 2, which included the critically acclaimed single \"Sar Kiye Yeh Pahar\". The song was first aired on MTV Asia, and led the band to widespread fame. After the release of 2, the quartet disbanded to focus on their studies and careers. In 2000 Maqsood and Kapadia released Duur, which revived the band's popularity, and followed it with Dhaani in 2003. This album included the single \"Najane Kyun\", which was part of the soundtrack for the Hollywood film Spider-Man 2. Following Junoon and Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, Strings went to India (where they found remixes of one of their early songs playing in clubs). In 2008 Strings released their fifth album, Koi Aanay Wala Hai, with the singles \"Yeh Hai Meri Kahani\" and \"Aakhri Alvida\" (included on the soundtracks for Bollywood's Zinda and Shootout at Lokhandwala). The album was co-produced by Bollywood actor John Abraham, and was successful in Pakistan and India.\n Links: a. Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan b. Duur c. Dhaani d. John Abraham", "pos": "Question: How many tracks did the album released in 2004 have? Passage:Fulber rejoined the band in 2003. The reunited duo released the single \"Maniacal\" in October of that year. The single peaked at No. 15 on Billboards Hot Dance Singles. The next year, they released the studio album Civilization, which landed the No. 2 position on the German Alternative Albums chart. Peterson later rejoined the band to release Artificial Soldier in 2006. It was the first album to feature new members Jeremy Inkel and Jared Slingerland. The album peaked on Billboards Top Dance/Electronic Albums chart at No. 19. After a problem with the tour bus company, the US tour that year was cut short, and the band returned home to Vancouver after playing roughly half of their scheduled dates; performances in New York and Canada were cancelled. The band toured in Europe in August 2006, playing in 18 cities.\n Links: a. 2003 in music b. Civilization (album) c. 2006 in music d. Civilization (album)", "neg": "Question: Where any singles released from the album Strings? Passage:In 1990 the band signed with EMI Records and released their debut album, Strings. Their initial experiments with synthesised sounds and rhythms were not immediately recognised, although Strings sold 20,000 copies during its first week after release. Two years later the band released their second album, 2, which included the critically acclaimed single \"Sar Kiye Yeh Pahar\". The song was first aired on MTV Asia, and led the band to widespread fame. After the release of 2, the quartet disbanded to focus on their studies and careers. In 2000 Maqsood and Kapadia released Duur, which revived the band's popularity, and followed it with Dhaani in 2003. This album included the single \"Najane Kyun\", which was part of the soundtrack for the Hollywood film Spider-Man 2. Following Junoon and Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, Strings went to India (where they found remixes of one of their early songs playing in clubs). In 2008 Strings released their fifth album, Koi Aanay Wala Hai, with the singles \"Yeh Hai Meri Kahani\" and \"Aakhri Alvida\" (included on the soundtracks for Bollywood's Zinda and Shootout at Lokhandwala). The album was co-produced by Bollywood actor John Abraham, and was successful in Pakistan and India.\n Links: a. Shootout at Lokhandwala b. EMI Records c. Strings (Strings album) d. Junoon (band)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}383{"query": "Question: When was the Society formed that contested the closing of the glen to the public? Passage:Glen Tilt (Scottish Gaelic: Gleann Teilt) is a glen in the extreme north of Perthshire, Scotland. Beginning at the confines of Aberdeenshire, it follows a South-westerly direction excepting for the last 4 miles, when it runs due south to Blair Atholl. It is watered throughout by the Tilt, which enters the Garry after a course of 14 miles, and receives on its right the Tarf, which forms some beautiful falls just above the confluence, and on the left the Fender, which has some fine falls also. The attempt of George Murray, 6th Duke of Atholl to close the glen to the public was successfully contested by the Scottish Rights of Way Society in 1847. The massive mountain of Beinn a' Ghlò and its three Munros Càrn nan Gabhar (1129 m), Bràigh Coire Chruinn-bhalgain (1070 m) and Càrn Liath (975) dominate the glen's eastern lower half.\n Links: a. Scottish Rights of Way and Access Society b. Beinn a' Ghlò c. Aberdeenshire d. Scotland", "pos": "Question: How far is it from the beginning of the glen to it's end? Passage:Glen Tilt (Scottish Gaelic: Gleann Teilt) is a glen in the extreme north of Perthshire, Scotland. Beginning at the confines of Aberdeenshire, it follows a South-westerly direction excepting for the last 4 miles, when it runs due south to Blair Atholl. It is watered throughout by the Tilt, which enters the Garry after a course of 14 miles, and receives on its right the Tarf, which forms some beautiful falls just above the confluence, and on the left the Fender, which has some fine falls also. The attempt of George Murray, 6th Duke of Atholl to close the glen to the public was successfully contested by the Scottish Rights of Way Society in 1847. The massive mountain of Beinn a' Ghlò and its three Munros Càrn nan Gabhar (1129 m), Bràigh Coire Chruinn-bhalgain (1070 m) and Càrn Liath (975) dominate the glen's eastern lower half.\n Links: a. Aberdeenshire b. Scottish Gaelic c. Scottish Gaelic d. Scottish Gaelic", "neg": "Question: How tall is the second-highest point in the British Isles at above sea level? Passage:The Grampian Mountains (Am Monadh in Gaelic) are one of the three major mountain ranges in Scotland, occupying a considerable portion of the Scottish Highlands in northern Scotland. The other major mountain ranges in Scotland are the Northwest Highlands and the Southern Uplands. The Grampian range extends southwest to northeast between the Highland Boundary Fault and the Great Glen, occupying almost half of the land area of Scotland and including the Cairngorms and the Lochaber hills. The range includes many of the highest mountains in the British Isles, including Ben Nevis (the highest point in the British Isles at above sea level) and Ben Macdui (the second highest at ). \n Links: a. Scottish Gaelic b. Ben Macdui c. Highland Boundary Fault d. Highland Boundary Fault", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}384{"query": "Question: How much more money did Dangal gross when released compared to Bank Chor? Passage:Maxima is named after Russian novelist Maxim Gorky. She belongs to a Bengali-speaking Basu family residing in Delhi. She made her debut with Slumdog Millionaire (2009), in which she designed costumes and assisted Danny Boyle, who earned Academy Award for Best Director for the film. Later, she switched to designing costumes with 2013 blockbuster Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-Leela. Director Sanjay Leela Bhansali gave her the chance. He later repeated her for his next venture Bajirao Mastani. She was applauded nationally. Sanjay, Priyanka Chopra, Deepika Padukone and Ranveer Singh was all in praise for her dresses on their characters. She earned Filmfare Award for Best Costume Design in 2016 for the film. In 2017, she worked in two films : Bank Chor and Dangal, the latter being the highest grossing Indian film of all time. In 2017, popular designers Manoshi Nath and Rushi Sharma were scheduled to design dresses for Dangal, the highest grossing Indian film of all time. But co-producer Aamir Khan replaced them with her, giving the reason that they charged too much money for the film's budget. The film earned her second Filmfare Nomination.\n Links: a. Bank Chor b. Bank Chor c. Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-Leela d. Bajirao Mastani", "pos": "Question: What was the production budget for the film Maxima worked on with Aamir Khan? Passage:Maxima is named after Russian novelist Maxim Gorky. She belongs to a Bengali-speaking Basu family residing in Delhi. She made her debut with Slumdog Millionaire (2009), in which she designed costumes and assisted Danny Boyle, who earned Academy Award for Best Director for the film. Later, she switched to designing costumes with 2013 blockbuster Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-Leela. Director Sanjay Leela Bhansali gave her the chance. He later repeated her for his next venture Bajirao Mastani. She was applauded nationally. Sanjay, Priyanka Chopra, Deepika Padukone and Ranveer Singh was all in praise for her dresses on their characters. She earned Filmfare Award for Best Costume Design in 2016 for the film. In 2017, she worked in two films : Bank Chor and Dangal, the latter being the highest grossing Indian film of all time. In 2017, popular designers Manoshi Nath and Rushi Sharma were scheduled to design dresses for Dangal, the highest grossing Indian film of all time. But co-producer Aamir Khan replaced them with her, giving the reason that they charged too much money for the film's budget. The film earned her second Filmfare Nomination.\n Links: a. Dangal (film) b. Academy Award for Best Director c. Deepika Padukone d. Maxim Gorky", "neg": "Question: Of the two designers originally scheduled to produce costumes for the highest-grossing Indian film, who is eldest? Passage:Maxima is named after Russian novelist Maxim Gorky. She belongs to a Bengali-speaking Basu family residing in Delhi. She made her debut with Slumdog Millionaire (2009), in which she designed costumes and assisted Danny Boyle, who earned Academy Award for Best Director for the film. Later, she switched to designing costumes with 2013 blockbuster Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-Leela. Director Sanjay Leela Bhansali gave her the chance. He later repeated her for his next venture Bajirao Mastani. She was applauded nationally. Sanjay, Priyanka Chopra, Deepika Padukone and Ranveer Singh was all in praise for her dresses on their characters. She earned Filmfare Award for Best Costume Design in 2016 for the film. In 2017, she worked in two films : Bank Chor and Dangal, the latter being the highest grossing Indian film of all time. In 2017, popular designers Manoshi Nath and Rushi Sharma were scheduled to design dresses for Dangal, the highest grossing Indian film of all time. But co-producer Aamir Khan replaced them with her, giving the reason that they charged too much money for the film's budget. The film earned her second Filmfare Nomination.\n Links: a. Priyanka Chopra b. Manoshi Nath c. Slumdog Millionaire d. Ranveer Singh", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}385{"query": "Question: Did Franklin Elmore's father work in government as well? Passage:Franklin Harper Elmore (October 15, 1799May 29, 1850) was a United States Representative and Senator. Born in Laurens District, the son of John Archer Elmore, he graduated from the South Carolina College at Columbia in 1819, studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1821 and commenced practice in Walterboro. He was solicitor for the southern circuit from 1822 to 1836, a colonel on the staff of the Governor from 1824 to 1826, and was elected as a State Rights Democrat to the Twenty-fourth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of James H. Hammond. Elmore was reelected to the Twenty-fifth Congress and served from December 10, 1836, to March 4, 1839. From 1839 to 1850 he was president of the Bank of the State of South Carolina 1839-1850; he declined appointment by President James Polk as Minister to Great Britain. Elmore was appointed as a Democrat to the U.S. Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the death of John C. Calhoun and served from April 11, 1850, until his own death in Washington, D.C. in 1850. He was interred in the First Presbyterian Churchyard in Columbia.\n Links: a. Walterboro, South Carolina b. Governor of South Carolina c. John Archer Elmore d. Governor of South Carolina", "pos": "Question: Who was governor of the state in which Moore studied law in 1856? Passage:He was born in Lewisburg, Virginia in a portion of the state along the Ohio River which became West Virginia in his lifetime. His father had been born in Shenandoah County and moved across the Appalachian Mountains to the Greenbrier County area, but died when Charles was an infant. His paternal grandfather had married a daughter of Joseph Morgan, who helped settle the trans-Appalachian area. His mother, Augusta Delphia Page of Staunton, Virginia, a daughter of Major Charles Page, died in 1844 so Charles and his sister were raised by their uncle, George Moore in Mason County. When Charles was 16, he was sent to Marshall Academy in Huntington, and he would also study with John I Van Meter in Pike County, Pennsylvania, then attend Jefferson College (which later became Washington and Jefferson College) in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. While at Jefferson College, Charles Moore helped found the Phi Kappa Psi fraternity before graduating in 1853. Moore then briefly attended Union College in New York. Returning to Virginia, he studied law at the University of Virginia and completed the course in 1856.\n Links: a. Washington & Jefferson College b. Staunton, Virginia c. Virginia d. Mason County, West Virginia", "neg": "Question: When was the university where William Alexander Graham graduated from established? Passage:James Graham (January 7, 1793 – September 25, 1851) a Congressional Representative from North Carolina; born in Lincoln County, North Carolina, January 7, 1793; brother of William Alexander Graham; pursued classical studies and graduated from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1814; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1818 and commenced practice in Rutherford County, North Carolina; member of the State house of representatives in 1822, 1823, 1824, 1828, and 1829; elected as a National Republican to the Twenty-third Congress (March 4, 1833 – March 3, 1835); presented credentials as a National Republican Member-elect to the Twenty-fourth Congress and served from March 4, 1835, to March 29, 1836, when the seat was declared vacant; subsequently elected as a National Republican to the same Congress; reelected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses and served from December 5, 1836, to March 3, 1843; chairman, Committee on Public Expenditures (Twenty-seventh Congress); unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1842 to the Twenty-eighth Congress; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845 – March 3, 1847); was not a candidate for renomination in 1846; engaged in agricultural pursuits near Rutherfordton, North Carolina, where he died September 25, 1851.\n Links: a. Whig Party (United States) b. North Carolina c. 29th United States Congress d. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}386{"query": "Question: How many locations did Montgomery Ward have the year the Northpark Mall opened? Passage:Northpark Mall opened in 1972, on Range Line Road on the east side of Joplin. At the time, the mall was anchored by Montgomery Ward to the north, JCPenney to the south, and local chain Newman's the middle. Other stores included Walgreens, McCrory's, Ramsay's department store, For All Bible (which is still in business), Wyatts cafeteria, as well as many other stores. Newman's became Heer's in 1987, the same year that a new wing was built, and the mall received its first renovation. The new wing extended easterly from the JCPenney store. This new wing included two new anchors, Famous-Barr and Venture. The renovation also brought a food court as well as a new 5 screen cinema. In 1994, Heer's closed, and Famous-Barr moved its men's wear and home goods to the former Heer's space. That same year Sears built a store adjacent to Montgomery Ward, moving from an older store near downtown Joplin. In 1998 the mall received a minor renovation, changing only the color scheme. After the closure of the Venture chain in 1998, its anchor at the mall was converted to Shopko, but it closed in the early 2000s following the closure of Montgomery Ward in 2001. Both Famous-Barr locations were re-branded as Macy's in 2006. Montgomery Ward remained vacant until mid-2007, when its space was split between TJ Maxx and Steve & Barry's, the latter of which closed in 2008 and was replaced by Vintage Stock. In 2006 the mall received its first major renovation in nearly 20 years, changing the color scheme, adding all new lighting and floor tiles, and renovating the food court to a route 66 theme.\n Links: a. Famous-Barr b. Vintage Stock (retailer) c. Heer's Department Store d. Montgomery Ward", "pos": "Question: Did Vintage Stock exist the year the Northpark Mall opened? Passage:Northpark Mall opened in 1972, on Range Line Road on the east side of Joplin. At the time, the mall was anchored by Montgomery Ward to the north, JCPenney to the south, and local chain Newman's the middle. Other stores included Walgreens, McCrory's, Ramsay's department store, For All Bible (which is still in business), Wyatts cafeteria, as well as many other stores. Newman's became Heer's in 1987, the same year that a new wing was built, and the mall received its first renovation. The new wing extended easterly from the JCPenney store. This new wing included two new anchors, Famous-Barr and Venture. The renovation also brought a food court as well as a new 5 screen cinema. In 1994, Heer's closed, and Famous-Barr moved its men's wear and home goods to the former Heer's space. That same year Sears built a store adjacent to Montgomery Ward, moving from an older store near downtown Joplin. In 1998 the mall received a minor renovation, changing only the color scheme. After the closure of the Venture chain in 1998, its anchor at the mall was converted to Shopko, but it closed in the early 2000s following the closure of Montgomery Ward in 2001. Both Famous-Barr locations were re-branded as Macy's in 2006. Montgomery Ward remained vacant until mid-2007, when its space was split between TJ Maxx and Steve & Barry's, the latter of which closed in 2008 and was replaced by Vintage Stock. In 2006 the mall received its first major renovation in nearly 20 years, changing the color scheme, adding all new lighting and floor tiles, and renovating the food court to a route 66 theme.\n Links: a. Newman's b. Famous-Barr c. Newman's d. Vintage Stock (retailer)", "neg": "Question: How many stores did Heer's have in operation the year the Northpark Mall opened? Passage:Northpark Mall opened in 1972, on Range Line Road on the east side of Joplin. At the time, the mall was anchored by Montgomery Ward to the north, JCPenney to the south, and local chain Newman's the middle. Other stores included Walgreens, McCrory's, Ramsay's department store, For All Bible (which is still in business), Wyatts cafeteria, as well as many other stores. Newman's became Heer's in 1987, the same year that a new wing was built, and the mall received its first renovation. The new wing extended easterly from the JCPenney store. This new wing included two new anchors, Famous-Barr and Venture. The renovation also brought a food court as well as a new 5 screen cinema. In 1994, Heer's closed, and Famous-Barr moved its men's wear and home goods to the former Heer's space. That same year Sears built a store adjacent to Montgomery Ward, moving from an older store near downtown Joplin. In 1998 the mall received a minor renovation, changing only the color scheme. After the closure of the Venture chain in 1998, its anchor at the mall was converted to Shopko, but it closed in the early 2000s following the closure of Montgomery Ward in 2001. Both Famous-Barr locations were re-branded as Macy's in 2006. Montgomery Ward remained vacant until mid-2007, when its space was split between TJ Maxx and Steve & Barry's, the latter of which closed in 2008 and was replaced by Vintage Stock. In 2006 the mall received its first major renovation in nearly 20 years, changing the color scheme, adding all new lighting and floor tiles, and renovating the food court to a route 66 theme.\n Links: a. Shopko b. Heer's Department Store c. Heer's Department Store d. Famous-Barr", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}387{"query": "Question: How many churches did Bernardino's teacher paint for? Passage:He was born in Mortara near Pavia. He trained as a pupil of the painter Gaudenzio Ferrari. In Milan, he painted a Last Supper for the church San Nazaro Grande. He painted a Holy family for the church of Sant'Ambrogio, now on display in the Brera Gallery. He painted frescoes on the Life of the Magdalen for the church of San Cristoforo in Vercelli. Three of his works are on display at the Museo Borgogna in Vercelli, including: an Annunciation; a Madonna and Child with Saints Bernardino of Siena and St Francis of Assisi (also labeled Madonna del cane due to dog asleep below Virgin); and a painted standard of Madonna and Child with St Anne and hooded confraternity brothers, painted for the Confraternita di Sant’Anna. Lanini painted a St Catherine for the church San Celso. He frescoed sibyls for the Novara Cathedral. He also painted for a chapel in the Basilica of San Magno, Legnano. Other paintings are in Saronno.\n Links: a. Basilica of San Magno, Legnano b. Saronno c. Santa Maria presso San Celso d. Gaudenzio Ferrari", "pos": "Question: In which country was Luigi Guardigli born? Passage:Guardigli was born in Ravenna. At 18 he enrolled in and attended the School of Fine Arts of Ravenna. During World War II he was drafted and served from 1943 until 1946 in the Regia Marina (Italian Royal Navy) at La Spezia). After the war he returned to the School of Fine Arts, receiving his diploma in 1948. He enrolled in the School of Painting and Mosaics, also in Ravenna, graduating in 1951. From 1951 to 1955 he worked with the Gruppo mosaicisti of Ravenna and restored many mosaics. Also in 1951, at the end of November, he arrived in Paris to teach at the Ecole d'Art Italien (School of Italian Art) as an assistant to the painter Gino Severini, founder and director of the school. Together with another mosaicist, his fellow Ravennan Lino Melano, he executed mosaic works for artists including Fernand Léger, Georges Braque, Marc Chagall, Jean Bazaine, and Raoul Ubac. He collaborated also on the mosaic for the façade of the Musée national Fernand Léger in Biot (Alpes-Maritimes). In 1960 he executed, at the Colombe d'Or of Saint-Paul-de-Vence, a mosaic by the painter Georges Braque. From 1961 he had a studio in the artists' residence La Ruche at 2, passage de Dantzing in Paris, the place described by Lorenzo Viani in the book Parigi 1925 (Paris 1925), published by Fratelli Treves. In 1962, in another collaboration with Braque, he created the famous long fish tank of the Fondation Maeght in St Paul de Vence. His collaborations with many illustrious artists continued; the last was Jean-Michel Folon. Many of his personal works in painting and mosaics are in prominent private and public collections. The latter portion of his life was spent in an old people's rest home in Paris, where he died in 2008.\n Links: a. La Ruche b. Jean-Michel Folon c. La Ruche d. Ravenna", "neg": "Question: When was the church Bernardino frescoed sibyls for built? Passage:He was born in Mortara near Pavia. He trained as a pupil of the painter Gaudenzio Ferrari. In Milan, he painted a Last Supper for the church San Nazaro Grande. He painted a Holy family for the church of Sant'Ambrogio, now on display in the Brera Gallery. He painted frescoes on the Life of the Magdalen for the church of San Cristoforo in Vercelli. Three of his works are on display at the Museo Borgogna in Vercelli, including: an Annunciation; a Madonna and Child with Saints Bernardino of Siena and St Francis of Assisi (also labeled Madonna del cane due to dog asleep below Virgin); and a painted standard of Madonna and Child with St Anne and hooded confraternity brothers, painted for the Confraternita di Sant’Anna. Lanini painted a St Catherine for the church San Celso. He frescoed sibyls for the Novara Cathedral. He also painted for a chapel in the Basilica of San Magno, Legnano. Other paintings are in Saronno.\n Links: a. Novara Cathedral b. Vercelli c. Basilica of San Magno, Legnano d. Novara Cathedral", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}388{"query": "Question: How old was Eric Temple Bell when Ross was an assistant professor at St. Louis University? Passage:Ross married Bertha (Bee) Halley Horecker, a singer-musician and daughter of Ross's Chicago neighbors, in 1931, received a National Research Council Fellowship for 1932, and worked as a National Research Council postdoctoral fellow at California Institute of Technology with Eric Temple Bell until 1933. Ross moved back to Chicago and led the mathematics department at an experimental school started by Ph.D.s during the Great Depression, People's Junior College, where he also taught physics. Ross became an assistant professor at St. Louis University in 1935 and stayed for about 11 years. In an interview, he said he advocated for a student who became the first black woman in the South to receive a master's degree in mathematics. This exception led the university to admit black students despite the idea's widespread unpopularity. During World War II, Ross served as a research mathematician for the U.S. Navy. He befriended Hungarian mathematician Gábor Szegő while in St. Louis, who recommended Ross for a 1941 Brown University summer school that prepared young scientists to assist in the war, a program Ross attended. He occasionally worked on proximity fuzes for Stromberg-Carlson's laboratory from 1941 to 1945 before accepting a position as head of University of Notre Dame's mathematics department in 1946. He set out to change the school's research climate by inviting distinguished mathematicians including Paul Erdős, whom Ross made a full professor.\n Links: a. Gábor Szegő b. Saint Louis University c. Paul Erdős d. Eric Temple Bell", "pos": "Question: Of the two universities that Morrey attended, which is older? Passage:Morrey graduated from Ohio State University with a B.A. in 1927 and a M.A. in 1928, and then studied at Harvard University under the supervision of George Birkhoff, obtaining a Ph.D. in 1931 with a thesis entitled Invariant functions of Conservative Surface Transformations. After being awarded his Ph.D, he was a National Research Council Fellow at Princeton, at the Rice Institute and finally at the University of Chicago. He became a professor of mathematics at UC Berkeley in 1933, hired by Griffith Conrad Evans, and was a faculty member until his retirement in 1973. In Berkeley, he was early given several administrative duties, for example being the Chairman of the Department of Mathematics during the period 1949–1954, and being the Acting Chairman, the Vice Chairman and the Director of the Institute of Pure and Applied Mathematics at various times. During the years 1937–1938 and 1954–1955 he was a member of the Institute for Advanced Studies: he was also Visiting Assistant Professor at Northwestern University, Visiting Professor at the University of Chicago and Miller Research Professor at Berkeley. During World War II he was employed as a mathematician at the U.S. Ballistic Research Laboratory in Maryland.\n Links: a. Chairperson b. University of Chicago c. Doctor of Philosophy d. Ohio State University", "neg": "Question: How old was Thomas F. Torrance when Rolston III received his Doctorates from the University of Edinburgh? Passage:His grandfather and father Holmes Rolston, and Holmes Rolston Jr (who did not use the Jr) were Presbyterian ministers. Rolston III was married on June 1, 1956 to Jane Irving Wilson, with whom he has a daughter and son. He holds a B.S. in physics and mathematics from Davidson College (1953) and a Bachelor of Divinity degree from Union Presbyterian Seminary (1956). He was ordained to the ministry of the Presbyterian Church (USA) also in 1956. He received a Ph.D. from the University of Edinburgh in 1958; his advisor was Thomas F. Torrance. He earned an M.A. in the philosophy of science from the University of Pittsburgh in 1968, beginning his career later that year as an assistant professor of philosophy at Colorado State University and becoming a full professor in 1976. He became a University Distinguished Professor in 1992. He gave the Gifford Lectures, University of Edinburgh, 1998-1999. He was named Templeton Prize laureate in 2003. He has lectured by invitation on all seven continents.  Colorado State University inaugurated the Holmes Rolston Endowed Chair in Environmental Ethics in October 2016; for the inaugural lecture by Kenneth Shockley, click here..\n Links: a. Presbyterianism b. Thomas F. Torrance c. Davidson College d. University of Pittsburgh", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}389{"query": "Question: When was the first year of the clay court tournament where Alexandrova reached the third round? Passage:In 2019, Alexandrova had more success in the WTA Tour. Seeded sixth, she reached the quarterfinals of the St. Petersburg Ladies' Trophy, followed by a semifinal entry at the Hungarian Ladies Open. She entered the 3rd Round of the Premier Mandatory BNP Paribas Open in Indian Wells, after beating World No. 13 Caroline Wozniacki in three sets. She performed not satisfying on clay tournaments, except at French Open, reaching the third round of a Grand Slam tournament for the first time. In the grass court season, Alexandrova made it into the quarterfinals of the Premier Eastbourne International tournament, losing there to Karolina Pliskova. She achieved her best run in a Premier 5 tournament at the Rogers Cup, reaching the 3rd Round as qualifier. She lost to Serena Williams. After reaching the 2nd Round of the US Open and following Daria Kasatkina's 1st Round loss, Alexandrova became Russia's number one female tennis player.\n Links: a. Karolína Plíšková b. Karolína Plíšková c. 2019 BNP Paribas Open d. 2019 French Open", "pos": "Question: Which Williams sister is the oldest? Passage:In 2014, Ivanovic enjoyed a resurgence and attained a number of career-best achievements. She began the year by winning her first title in three years at the ASB Classic, defeating former world No. 1 Venus Williams in three sets before upsetting the reigning world No. 1 Serena Williams en route to her second Australian Open quarterfinal where she lost in three sets to thirtieth seed, Eugenie Bouchard. During the clay court season, Ivanovic reached her third final of the year at the Porsche Tennis Grand Prix, losing to two-time defending champion Maria Sharapova; the quarterfinals of the Mutua Madrid Open and the semi-finals of the Internazionali BNL d'Italia, defeating Sharapova for the first time since 2007 en route but was ultimately upset by Lucie Šafářová in the third round of the French Open. She rebounded by winning her first career singles title on grass at the Aegon Classic before reaching the final of the Western & Southern Open (her first top tier Premier final since 2009) and thus returned to the top ten of the WTA rankings for the first time in five years as a result. In September, Ivanovic reached her sixth singles final of the year (a new career-best) at the Toray Pan Pacific Open, where she defeated Caroline Wozniacki to claim her fourth title of the season, the most titles she won in a single season.\n Links: a. 2014 WTA Tour b. Eugenie Bouchard c. 2014 Porsche Tennis Grand Prix d. Venus Williams", "neg": "Question: Who was the winner of the tournament where Alexandrova reachd the quarterfinals? Passage:In 2019, Alexandrova had more success in the WTA Tour. Seeded sixth, she reached the quarterfinals of the St. Petersburg Ladies' Trophy, followed by a semifinal entry at the Hungarian Ladies Open. She entered the 3rd Round of the Premier Mandatory BNP Paribas Open in Indian Wells, after beating World No. 13 Caroline Wozniacki in three sets. She performed not satisfying on clay tournaments, except at French Open, reaching the third round of a Grand Slam tournament for the first time. In the grass court season, Alexandrova made it into the quarterfinals of the Premier Eastbourne International tournament, losing there to Karolina Pliskova. She achieved her best run in a Premier 5 tournament at the Rogers Cup, reaching the 3rd Round as qualifier. She lost to Serena Williams. After reaching the 2nd Round of the US Open and following Daria Kasatkina's 1st Round loss, Alexandrova became Russia's number one female tennis player.\n Links: a. 2019 Eastbourne International b. 2019 St. Petersburg Ladies' Trophy c. 2019 US Open (tennis) d. Caroline Wozniacki", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}390{"query": "Question: Who starred in Family Matters? Passage:Payton's big break came when she was cast as Harriet Winslow, the elevator operator on the ABC sitcom 'Perfect Strangers in 1987. Her performance was so well received by audiences that she was given her own sitcom, Family Matters, in 1989. Continuing her character Harriette Winslow from Perfect Strangers, she played a mother in an African-American middle-class family living in Chicago, Illinois. Payton left Family Matters partway through its final season, appearing for the last time on December 19, 1997. Payton's character was played by Judyann Elder in the show's remaining eight episodes. In 2002, Payton appeared on the \"TV Moms\" episode of the Anne Robinson version of The Weakest Link, and was the third one voted off. In 2003, Payton and her daughter appeared on a Mother's Day episode of Lingo, playing against fellow TV mom Meredith Baxter and her daughter. Baxter and her daughter won. In 2005, Jo Marie Payton provided the voice of Suga Mama in The Proud Family Movie. Her other television credits include Desperate Housewives, Reba, Girlfriends, Wanda at Large, Judging Amy, The Parkers, Will & Grace, The Hughleys, 7th Heaven, Moesha, The Jamie Foxx Show, 227, Silver Spoons, Small Wonder and The New Odd Couple. She also appeared in the Canadian TV mini series The Rev as Mama. In 2005, Payton co-hosted the 15th Annual NAACP Theatre Awards with Glynn Turman. In August 2009, Payton appeared on Meet the Browns as Shirley Van Owen. Payton recently hosted her own show on the Hometeam Network, Second Chance with Jomarie Payton. In 2012, Payton was in the GMC TV movie special From This Day Forward.\n Links: a. Girlfriends (2000 TV series) b. Family Matters c. Reba (TV series) d. The Jamie Foxx Show", "pos": "Question: How many years did the actress who originally played Harriette Winslow work on Family Matters before being replaced by Elder? Passage:It was in the 1991-92 season of TV’s Murphy Brown starring Candice Bergen, Elder made a mark portraying Murphy Brown’s obstetrician, Dr. Barton. Her recurring role culminated with the historic season finale where Dr. Barton delivered Murphy Brown's baby. She was cast as Gina's mother Nadine Water’s on Martin (1992—97) starring Martin Lawrence. And in 1998 she replaced Jo Marie Payton as Harriette Winslow in the last several episodes of the popular show Family Matters. Elder has frequently returned to the stage and having last appeared at Arkansas Rep as Rose in August Wilson's Fences. She also has many theatre directorial credits including: The Book of the Crazy African (Skylight Theatre), The Meeting (Inner City Cultural Center, LA and New Federal Theatre, NY), Ceremonies in Dark Old Men (Beverly Canon Theatre), and A Private Act (Robey Theatre Company). Her direction of Matthew Lopez' The Whipping Man starring Charlie Robinson at the Skirball Cultural Center for LA Theatre Works radio series was broadcast nationally in 2016. Elder is an alumna of the American Film Institute's Directing Workshop for Women where she produced and directed the short film, Behind God's Back, based on an Alice Walker short story and starring Beau Bridges. She is also the recipient of a Screenwriting Fellowship with Walt Disney Studios. In 2005, Elder was honored with an NAACP Trailblazer Award. Elder is also a 2010 recipient of a Distinguished Alumni Award from Emerson College.\n Links: a. Ceremonies in Dark Old Men b. Jo Marie Payton c. L.A. Theatre Works d. Beau Bridges", "neg": "Question: Which show that Elder has worked went on for a longer period of time, the show where she played Harriette Winslow or the show where she was cast as an obstetrician? Passage:It was in the 1991-92 season of TV’s Murphy Brown starring Candice Bergen, Elder made a mark portraying Murphy Brown’s obstetrician, Dr. Barton. Her recurring role culminated with the historic season finale where Dr. Barton delivered Murphy Brown's baby. She was cast as Gina's mother Nadine Water’s on Martin (1992—97) starring Martin Lawrence. And in 1998 she replaced Jo Marie Payton as Harriette Winslow in the last several episodes of the popular show Family Matters. Elder has frequently returned to the stage and having last appeared at Arkansas Rep as Rose in August Wilson's Fences. She also has many theatre directorial credits including: The Book of the Crazy African (Skylight Theatre), The Meeting (Inner City Cultural Center, LA and New Federal Theatre, NY), Ceremonies in Dark Old Men (Beverly Canon Theatre), and A Private Act (Robey Theatre Company). Her direction of Matthew Lopez' The Whipping Man starring Charlie Robinson at the Skirball Cultural Center for LA Theatre Works radio series was broadcast nationally in 2016. Elder is an alumna of the American Film Institute's Directing Workshop for Women where she produced and directed the short film, Behind God's Back, based on an Alice Walker short story and starring Beau Bridges. She is also the recipient of a Screenwriting Fellowship with Walt Disney Studios. In 2005, Elder was honored with an NAACP Trailblazer Award. Elder is also a 2010 recipient of a Distinguished Alumni Award from Emerson College.\n Links: a. American Film Institute b. Ceremonies in Dark Old Men c. The Meeting (play) d. Murphy Brown", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}391{"query": "Question: How many goals did Pivatelli score in 1950? Passage:Throughout his club career, Pivatelli most notably played for A.C. Milan (1961–63); he also played for Hellas Verona F.C. (1950–53), Bologna F.C. 1909 (1953–60), and S.S.C. Napoli (1960–61). After being dropped from the Inter Youth Side, Pivatelli was acquired by Verona in 1950, with whom he made his Serie B debut at the age of 17, scoring his first professional goal in his second appearance with the club, in a 4–1 victory over Vicenza. The following season, he was promoted to the starting line-up, and scored a total of 25 goals in 68 games for his team during the next three seasons, also helping the struggling club avoid relegation. After joining Bologna in 1953, he made his Serie A debut with the club on 13 September 1953, in a 2–1 home win over Atalanta. With the Emilian side, he was the Serie A top-scorer during the 1955–56 Serie A season, with 29 league goals in 30 appearances, and was the only Italian player to win the Capocannoniere title during the 1950s. In total, he scored 105 goals for Bologna during his seven seasons with the club. After playing with Napoli for the 1960–61 season, he joined Milan in 1961, and was part of the side that won the Serie A title in 1962, and the European Cup in 1963 under manager Nereo Rocco, after which he subsequently retired from playing professional football.\n Links: a. 1955–56 Serie A b. Bologna F.C. 1909 c. Hellas Verona F.C. d. S.S.C. Napoli", "pos": "Question: How many total goals did Pivatelli score for Verona over the 4 seasons he played for them? Passage:Throughout his club career, Pivatelli most notably played for A.C. Milan (1961–63); he also played for Hellas Verona F.C. (1950–53), Bologna F.C. 1909 (1953–60), and S.S.C. Napoli (1960–61). After being dropped from the Inter Youth Side, Pivatelli was acquired by Verona in 1950, with whom he made his Serie B debut at the age of 17, scoring his first professional goal in his second appearance with the club, in a 4–1 victory over Vicenza. The following season, he was promoted to the starting line-up, and scored a total of 25 goals in 68 games for his team during the next three seasons, also helping the struggling club avoid relegation. After joining Bologna in 1953, he made his Serie A debut with the club on 13 September 1953, in a 2–1 home win over Atalanta. With the Emilian side, he was the Serie A top-scorer during the 1955–56 Serie A season, with 29 league goals in 30 appearances, and was the only Italian player to win the Capocannoniere title during the 1950s. In total, he scored 105 goals for Bologna during his seven seasons with the club. After playing with Napoli for the 1960–61 season, he joined Milan in 1961, and was part of the side that won the Serie A title in 1962, and the European Cup in 1963 under manager Nereo Rocco, after which he subsequently retired from playing professional football.\n Links: a. 1962–63 European Cup b. 1960–61 Serie A c. Hellas Verona F.C. d. Capocannoniere", "neg": "Question: Who was the second top scorer during the 1955-56 Serie A? Passage:Throughout his club career, Pivatelli most notably played for A.C. Milan (1961–63); he also played for Hellas Verona F.C. (1950–53), Bologna F.C. 1909 (1953–60), and S.S.C. Napoli (1960–61). After being dropped from the Inter Youth Side, Pivatelli was acquired by Verona in 1950, with whom he made his Serie B debut at the age of 17, scoring his first professional goal in his second appearance with the club, in a 4–1 victory over Vicenza. The following season, he was promoted to the starting line-up, and scored a total of 25 goals in 68 games for his team during the next three seasons, also helping the struggling club avoid relegation. After joining Bologna in 1953, he made his Serie A debut with the club on 13 September 1953, in a 2–1 home win over Atalanta. With the Emilian side, he was the Serie A top-scorer during the 1955–56 Serie A season, with 29 league goals in 30 appearances, and was the only Italian player to win the Capocannoniere title during the 1950s. In total, he scored 105 goals for Bologna during his seven seasons with the club. After playing with Napoli for the 1960–61 season, he joined Milan in 1961, and was part of the side that won the Serie A title in 1962, and the European Cup in 1963 under manager Nereo Rocco, after which he subsequently retired from playing professional football.\n Links: a. UEFA Champions League b. Capocannoniere c. S.S.C. Napoli d. 1955–56 Serie A", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}392{"query": "Question: Which country did Innocent Oula return to after Somalia? Passage:Innocent Oula joined the National Resistance Army in 1986 at the rank of captain. He rose through the ranks and has served as a member of UPDF delegation during the ill-fated Juba Peace Talks, at the rank of lieutenant colonel. At the level of colonel, in 2009, he served at the director of training for the UPDF 2nd Division, based at Mbarara, in Western Uganda. From 2010 until 2011, he served as the Chief of Staff of AMISOM, based in Mogadishu, Somalia. On his return from Somalia, he was posted to the 4th UPDF Division headquarters in Gulu, as the commanding officer. He later was appointed chief of personnel and administration in the UPDF, based at the Mbuya Barracks. In January 2014, he was elected to the Parliament of Uganda, as a UPDF representative. In November 2014, he was promoted to the rank of brigadier, along with more than 1,300 UPDF officers who received promotions at the same time.\n Links: a. Lieutenant colonel b. Mogadishu c. Mogadishu d. Gulu", "pos": "Question: What city was the French Embassy located in? Passage:On 3 March 1982, opposition politician and leader of the MLPC party, Ange-Félix Patassé, returned from exile to the Central African Republic and staged an unsuccessful coup against General André Kolingba (who himself took power in the 1981 coup d'état) with the help of a few military officers, such as General François Bozizé, who accused Kolingba of treason and proclaimed the change of power on Radio Bangui. Four days later, having failed to gain the support of the Central African Armed Forces, Patassé went in disguise to the French Embassy in the Central African Republic to seek refuge. After heated negotiations between the Kolingba government and France, Patassé was allowed to leave for exile in Togo. Bozizé fled to the north of the country with 100 soldiers, before obtaining refuge in France.\n Links: a. 1981 Central African Republic coup d'état b. France c. France d. List of diplomatic missions of France", "neg": "Question: Which continent did Innocent Oula work as director of training for UPDF 2nd Division/ Passage:Innocent Oula joined the National Resistance Army in 1986 at the rank of captain. He rose through the ranks and has served as a member of UPDF delegation during the ill-fated Juba Peace Talks, at the rank of lieutenant colonel. At the level of colonel, in 2009, he served at the director of training for the UPDF 2nd Division, based at Mbarara, in Western Uganda. From 2010 until 2011, he served as the Chief of Staff of AMISOM, based in Mogadishu, Somalia. On his return from Somalia, he was posted to the 4th UPDF Division headquarters in Gulu, as the commanding officer. He later was appointed chief of personnel and administration in the UPDF, based at the Mbuya Barracks. In January 2014, he was elected to the Parliament of Uganda, as a UPDF representative. In November 2014, he was promoted to the rank of brigadier, along with more than 1,300 UPDF officers who received promotions at the same time.\n Links: a. Mbarara b. National Resistance Army c. Somalia d. Brigadier", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}393{"query": "Question: Of the three locations where the CCGS Amundsen was tasked to winter icebreaking operations, which is the farthest east? Passage:The ship's keel was laid down 4 January 1977 by Burrard Dry Dock at their yard in North Vancouver, British Columbia with the yard number 222. The ship was launched on 10 March 1978 and entered in Coast Guard service in March 1979. The ship was named Franklin in honour of Arctic explorer Sir John Franklin. After completing the vessel performed sea trials in the western Arctic and Northwest Passage. While transiting the Northwest Passage, heading to the icebreaker's assigned base in Newfoundland, Franklin lost a propeller in Viscount Melville Sound and was rescued by and returned to the west coast. The two ships then transited to the East Coast of Canada via the Panama Canal. In 1980, the vessel was renamed to Sir John Franklin at the request of the crew. The ship worked out of CCG Base Dartmouth and CCG Base Quebec City for most of the 1980s and 1990s, being tasked to winter icebreaking operations in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and St. Lawrence River and off Newfoundland. During the summer season, Sir John Franklin was often tasked to support the annual Arctic Summer Sealift operation for escorting cargo ships to remote port communities in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago.\n Links: a. Saint Lawrence River b. Newfoundland (island) c. KEEL d. Ceremonial ship launching", "pos": "Question: CCGS Larbrador served a icebreaker in which country's navy? Passage:CCGS Labrador was a icebreaker. First commissioned on 8 July 1954 as Her Majesty's Canadian Ship (HMCS) Labrador (pennant number AW 50) in the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN), Captain O.C.S. \"Long Robbie\" Robertson, GM, RCN, in command. She was transferred to the Department of Transport (DOT) on 22 November 1957, and re-designated Canadian Government Ship (CGS) Labrador. She was among the DOT fleet assigned to the nascent Canadian Coast Guard (CCG) when that organization was formed in 1962, and further re-designated Canadian Coast Guard Ship (CCGS) Labrador. Her career marked the beginning of the CCG's icebreaker operations which continue to this day. She extensively charted and documented the then-poorly-known Canadian Arctic, and as HMCS Labrador was the first ship to circumnavigate North America in a single voyage. The ship was taken out of service in 1987 and broken up for scrap in 1989.\n Links: a. Northern Canada b. Royal Canadian Navy c. Canadian Coast Guard d. Ship breaking", "neg": "Question: Was the USNS Asterion badly damaged in the collision? Passage:After her acquisition by the U.S. Coast Guard she was converted for use as a buoy tender at the Bethlehem Shipyard in San Francisco. She was commissioned USCGC Magnolia (WAGL-328) on 19 October 1947. She was first assigned to U.S. Coast Guard Base Yerba Buena Island, San Francisco. Her primary duties there were aids to navigation (ATON), servicing light stations and lightships on the California coast, search and rescue, and law enforcement. From 28 to 29 April 1951 she assisted the Japanese MV Flyer. On 9 February 1960 she assisted the disabled MV Angelo Petri two miles south of the San Francisco Bar. On 5 June 1963 she assisted following the collision between the U.S. Navy Military Sea Transportation Service (MSTS) ship USNS Asterion (T-AF-63) and the Japanese merchantman MV Kokoku Maru and transported 19 crew members from the Japanese ship to San Francisco. From 21 to 24 June 1965 she escorted the damaged catamaran SV Judy Al 165 miles southwest of Eureka, California to that port as her hull was too damaged to permit towing. She then transferred to U.S. Coast Guard Base Tongue Point, Astoria, Oregon on 1 September 1965, and redesignated WLB-328. Her primary duties there were aids to navigation (ATON), search and rescue, and law enforcement. She also tended the Columbia River Lightship on the Columbia River Bar. On 6 December 1967 she escorted the distressed MV David E. Day, which had grounded on the Columbia River Bar. On 10 August 1968 she assisted following the collision between MV Seatrain Washington and SS Rose S 17 miles east of Cape Flattery, Washington in heavy fog. Magnolia was decommissioned on 13 August 1971. She was stored at U.S. Coast Guard Training Center (TRACEN) at Government Island, Alameda, California until sold.\n Links: a. Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation b. Washington (state) c. Asterius (mythology) d. Lightvessel", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}394{"query": "Question: In what year did Raju win a Best actor award for his role in the Tollywood industrial hit? Passage:In 1984, Krishnam Raju acted in Yuddham, Sardar, Babulugaadi Debba, Kondaveeti Nagulu and S. P. Bhayankar. Later, he acted in the Tollywood industrial hit Bobbili Brahmanna which earned him Filmfare Best Actor Award (Telugu) and Nandi Award for Best Actor. He also remade the film in Hindi as Dharm Adhikari with Dilip Kumar and Jeetendra in 1986. Later, he acted in films such as Raraju, Bharatamlo Shankaravam, Rowdy, Bandee, Tirugubatu, Aggi Raju, Bullet, Ukku Manishi, Ravana Brahma, Neti Yugadharmam and Ugra Narasimham. In 1986, he acted in Tandra Paparayudu portraying the role of Tandra Paparayudu which earned him Filmfare Best Actor Award for the year 1986. The film was premiered at the 11th International Film Festival of India. Later, he acted in films such as Brahma Nayudu, Sardar Dharmanna and Marana Shasanam which earned him Filmfare Best Actor Award for the year 1987. In 1987, he acted in Vishwanatha Nayakudu portraying the role of Srikrishnadevaraya. Later, he acted in films such as Maarana Homam, Kirai Dada, Maa Inti Maha Raju, Antima Teerpu, Prithvi Raj, Prachanda Bharatam, Dharma Teja, Prana Snehitulu, Simha Swapnam, Shri Ramachandrudu, Bhagawan, Two Town Rowdy, Yama Dharma Raju and Neti Siddhartha.\n Links: a. International Film Festival of India b. Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu c. Dharm Adhikari d. Jeetendra", "pos": "Question: What role did Tandon play in the film that won her an award for New Face of the Year? Passage:Raveena Tandon is an Indian actress known for her work in Hindi films. She made her debut opposite Salman Khan in the 1991 Patthar Ke Phool, which earned her a Filmfare Award for New Face of the Year. This was followed by a series of unsuccessful films, including Ek Hi Raasta (1993) and Parampara (1993). In 1994, she appeared in eight Hindi films, most of them were commercial successes. Among these were two of the top-grossing films the romantic musical drama Dilwale and the action drama Mohra. The success of the latter marked a turning point in her career, establishing Tandon as a leading actress in Hindi cinema. The same year, her performance in the drama Laadla, earned her a nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress. Her other film was the comedy Andaz Apna Apna, which though initially a box office disappointment, attained cult status over the years.\n Links: a. Bollywood b. Patthar Ke Phool c. Patthar Ke Phool d. Salman Khan", "neg": "Question: When did the award show where Rani earned Best Fresh Talent in 1996 first air? Passage:Rani Mukerji is an Indian actress who has won several awards and nominations. She made her film debut with a supporting role in the Bengali film Biyer Phool (1996), which was directed by her father Ram Mukherjee. She made her Hindi debut with Raja Ki Aayegi Baraat in 1996, for which she received her first award at the Star Screen Awards for Best Fresh Talent. The following year she was featured in two successful films. For her third movie, Kuch Kuch Hota Hai (1998), she earned the award for Best Supporting Actress at the 44th Filmfare Awards. She also collected the Zee Cine Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role and the Lux Face of the Year accolades at the Zee Cine Awards. Following this, she was signed on for several movies, some of which were critically and commercially successful films, such as Hey Ram (2000) which was chosen as India's official entry to the Oscars and Badal (2000) which was one of the highest-grossing films of that year.\n Links: a. Hey Ram b. Hey Ram c. Screen Awards d. Badal", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}395{"query": "Question: Of the two Popes Markos was sent to on his missions, who held that position longer? Passage:He first appears in Constantinople in 1401, qualified as an oikeios of the emperor. In 1417 he was possibly sent on a diplomatic mission to the Venetians in the Morea. In 1422 and again in 1429 he was sent by Emperor John VIII Palaiologos as an envoy to the Ottoman Sultan Murad II. At the time he had the relatively lowly rank of protovestiarites, but was quickly promoted to protostrator and then to the senior rank of megas stratopedarches, which he held already during his mission in 1430 to Pope Martin V. During his return from the mission to the Pope, on orders from the Emperor, he raised Thomas Palaiologos to the rank of Despot in the Morea. He led two more missions abroad, one in 1433 to Pope Eugene IV, and one in 1438 to Venice.\n Links: a. Despot (court title) b. Pope Eugene IV c. Ottoman Empire d. Pope Martin V", "pos": "Question: How many years had Pope Paul III been Pope for the year Mignanelli traveled to Nice? Passage:In 1533, he moved to Rome, becoming a consistorial advocate. He was married to Antonina Capodiferro, the sister of Cardinal Girolamo Recanati Capodiferro and had a son. After Antonia died, Mignanelli entered the church. In 1537, he was sent as ambassador to the Republic of Venice to encourage Venice to break its alliance with the Ottoman Empire and to go to war against the Ottomans. In October 1537, Pope Paul III sent him as ambassador to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor to present him with the brief postponing the Council of Trent for a second time. In spring 1538, he traveled to Nice with the pope to negotiate the end of the Italian War of 1536–1538; shortly thereafter, they traveled to Geneva to meet the emperor. On September 3, 1538, he was appointed nuncio to Ferdinand, King of the Romans, holding this position until 1539. In 1540, he became an auditor of the Roman Rota. He was also a protonotary apostolic and the pope's domestic prelate.\n Links: a. Italian War of 1536–1538 b. Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor c. Girolamo Recanati Capodiferro d. Pope Paul III", "neg": "Question: How long after Markos' mission to the Pope did Martin V pass away? Passage:He first appears in Constantinople in 1401, qualified as an oikeios of the emperor. In 1417 he was possibly sent on a diplomatic mission to the Venetians in the Morea. In 1422 and again in 1429 he was sent by Emperor John VIII Palaiologos as an envoy to the Ottoman Sultan Murad II. At the time he had the relatively lowly rank of protovestiarites, but was quickly promoted to protostrator and then to the senior rank of megas stratopedarches, which he held already during his mission in 1430 to Pope Martin V. During his return from the mission to the Pope, on orders from the Emperor, he raised Thomas Palaiologos to the rank of Despot in the Morea. He led two more missions abroad, one in 1433 to Pope Eugene IV, and one in 1438 to Venice.\n Links: a. Ottoman Empire b. Constantinople c. Pope Martin V d. John VIII Palaiologos", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}396{"query": "Question: How many kings had there been before Gorm's son? Passage:Gorm's son, Harald Bluetooth succeeded his father as king and married possibly three times with Gunhild, Tove and Gyrid. Harald had a son named Sweyn Forkbeard. Sweyn succeeded his father as king and married Gunhild (Świętosława of Poland). They had a son named Cnut the Great. Sweyn also ruled England in his lifetime and established the Danish Empire. When Sweyn died, his elder son Harald Svendsen became the King of Denmark, while England's former king, Ethelred, reclaimed the throne. Following Harald's death, his brother Cnut the Great became king, re-established the Danish North Sea Empire. He married Emma of Normandy with whom he had a son named Harthacnut. When Cnut died (and after the brothers of Harthacnut also had died), Harthacnut became king of Denmark and England. Upon his death, Edward the Confessor became ruler of England in 1042. Sweyn Forkbeard also had a daughter, Estrid, from whom all ruling kings and queens of Denmark after 1047 descend.\n Links: a. Harald II of Denmark b. Edward the Confessor c. Harald Bluetooth d. Emma of Normandy", "pos": "Question: What was the name of the prince's predecessor when he became king three years after marrying Princess Louisa? Passage:Charles Bertram was born in London in 1723. He was the son of an English silk dyer who was usually accounted to have emigrated to Copenhagen, Denmark, among the retinue of Princess Louisa, a daughter of George II, upon her marriage to Crown Prince Frederick of Denmark in 1743. (The prince became King Frederick V three years later.) Other sources suggest the father immigrated earlier, in 1738. The father established himself as a hosier in 1744, and Charles seems to have benefited from the warm reception that Louisa and her retinue received from the Danes. On 5 July 1747, Charles petitioned the University of Copenhagen's Consortium for admission to study history, antiquities, philosophy, and mathematics. This seems to have been granted, although students were generally required to adhere to the Danish Church and Bertram remained Anglican. He became a friend and protégé of Hans Gram, the royal librarian and a member of the privy council. On 23 March 1748, Bertram petitioned the king to be permitted to give public lectures on the English language and became a teacher of English in the Royal Marine Academy in Copenhagen. (Some accounts name him as a professor, rather than a tutor; if so, that status would have been granted some years later, as he was a new undergraduate in 1747.) His 1749 chrestomathy An Essay on the Excellency and Style of the English Tongue has been called the initiation of English-language printing in Denmark. A brother apparently died at sea in 1752, and at some point he married Cathrine Marie Gold.\n Links: a. Denmark b. Church of England c. Frederick V of Denmark d. Privy council", "neg": "Question: How old was England's former king when he reclaimed the throne after Sweyn died? Passage:Gorm's son, Harald Bluetooth succeeded his father as king and married possibly three times with Gunhild, Tove and Gyrid. Harald had a son named Sweyn Forkbeard. Sweyn succeeded his father as king and married Gunhild (Świętosława of Poland). They had a son named Cnut the Great. Sweyn also ruled England in his lifetime and established the Danish Empire. When Sweyn died, his elder son Harald Svendsen became the King of Denmark, while England's former king, Ethelred, reclaimed the throne. Following Harald's death, his brother Cnut the Great became king, re-established the Danish North Sea Empire. He married Emma of Normandy with whom he had a son named Harthacnut. When Cnut died (and after the brothers of Harthacnut also had died), Harthacnut became king of Denmark and England. Upon his death, Edward the Confessor became ruler of England in 1042. Sweyn Forkbeard also had a daughter, Estrid, from whom all ruling kings and queens of Denmark after 1047 descend.\n Links: a. Æthelred the Unready b. Estrid Svendsdatter c. Æthelred the Unready d. Sweyn Forkbeard", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}397{"query": "Question: How old was the inventor of wooden pulleys when the world's first assembly line launched? Passage:Sir Francis Pettit Smith of Kent invented the screw propeller. Faversham Oyster Fishery is the oldest company in the world. Maidenhead Railway Bridge is known for its flat arch, built in 1839 with 39-metre spans. The Wealden iron industry in the Weald was the site of the first blast furnace in Britain in 1491, and produced much of Britain's cast iron until the 1770s. Portsmouth Block Mills were the site of the world's first metal machine tools, built for the manufacture of wooden pulleys, invented by Henry Maudslay, and the site of the world's first industrial assembly line in 1803. South Foreland Lighthouse on 8 December 1858 was the world's first lighthouse with electric light, with the first type of industrial electrical generator made by Frederick Hale Holmes, from work he had carried out with Floris Nollet of Belgium, and 36 permanent magnets. By 1880, of the ten lighthouses with electric light, five were in the UK. From the lighthouse in 1899, the first international radio broadcast to France was made. Zénobe Gramme of Belgium made a much better design in 1870 with self-excitation of magnets, and the first modern dynamo. North Foreland Lighthouse was the UK's last-manned lighthouse until 1998.\n Links: a. Blast furnace b. Henry Maudslay c. Excitation (magnetic) d. Floris Nollet", "pos": "Question: What materials are used as fuel in the type of furnace first used in the Weald to produce cast iron? Passage:Sir Francis Pettit Smith of Kent invented the screw propeller. Faversham Oyster Fishery is the oldest company in the world. Maidenhead Railway Bridge is known for its flat arch, built in 1839 with 39-metre spans. The Wealden iron industry in the Weald was the site of the first blast furnace in Britain in 1491, and produced much of Britain's cast iron until the 1770s. Portsmouth Block Mills were the site of the world's first metal machine tools, built for the manufacture of wooden pulleys, invented by Henry Maudslay, and the site of the world's first industrial assembly line in 1803. South Foreland Lighthouse on 8 December 1858 was the world's first lighthouse with electric light, with the first type of industrial electrical generator made by Frederick Hale Holmes, from work he had carried out with Floris Nollet of Belgium, and 36 permanent magnets. By 1880, of the ten lighthouses with electric light, five were in the UK. From the lighthouse in 1899, the first international radio broadcast to France was made. Zénobe Gramme of Belgium made a much better design in 1870 with self-excitation of magnets, and the first modern dynamo. North Foreland Lighthouse was the UK's last-manned lighthouse until 1998.\n Links: a. Assembly line b. Blast furnace c. Cast iron d. Assembly line", "neg": "Question: How many years after the original church was built in 1745 was Edmund Sharpe born? Passage:The original church was built as a chapel of ease of St Mary's, Lancaster in 1745 on land bequeathed for the purpose in the will of Francis Bowes, the village blacksmith, who died in 1742. This was before the creation of the town of Morecambe from three former villages; this building was in Poulton-le-Sands. By the early 1800s the chapel was too small for the growing population. It was rebuilt in 1840–41 to a design by the Lancaster architect Edmund Sharpe. The foundation stone was laid on 16 June 1840, and the new church was consecrated on 15 June 1841 by the Bishop of Chester. The church cost £1,288 () to build, and Queen Victoria made a personal contribution to this. As originally built, the church seated 498 people. A south aisle was added in 1866 by Sharpe's successor, E. G. Paley. In 1897 Austin and Paley, (further successors in the architectural practice), added a new chancel, an organ chamber, and vestries, and provided an additional 69 seats, at an estimated cost of £1,160. A Lady chapel was created in the southeast of the church in 1966. In 1995 the church was re-ordered to celebrate 250 years since the foundation of the church.\n Links: a. Poulton-le-Sands b. Vestry c. Edmund Sharpe d. Poulton-le-Sands", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}398{"query": "Question: What year did the war end in which Haydock enlisted in the Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders? Passage:Haydock was a graduate of Glasgow University and was a travelling salesman for the Clydevale Oil & Colour Company, Bridgeton. In September 1914, one month after the outbreak of the First World War, Haydock enlisted in the Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders. In January 1915, he was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Cameronians (Scottish Rifles). Haydock saw action at Gallipoli and Palestine before being seriously wounded during an attack on Umbrella Hill during the Third Battle of Gaza on 1 November 1917. He did not return to his battalion until August 1918, after it had been deployed on the Western Front. Haydock was wounded during an attack on the Hindenburg Line, west of Quéant on 2 September 1918 and died the same day at a Casualty Clearing Station in Bailleulval. He was buried in Bac-du-Sud British Cemetery, Bailleulval.\n Links: a. Casualty Clearing Station b. World War I c. Casualty Clearing Station d. World War I", "pos": "Question: When did the war Edmund was involved in finally end? Passage:During the Second World War Hakewill-Smith initially served as Commanding Officer (CO) of the 5th Battalion, Devonshire Regiment, for several months from May 1940 and from September that year, as the CO of the 4th/5th Battalion, Royal Scots Fusiliers, as an acting lieutenant colonel. He was promoted to temporary brigadier on 30 March 1941, and commanded the 157th Infantry Brigade until late March 1942. He then became Director of Organization at the War Office before assuming command of the 155th Infantry Brigade in mid-February 1943. On 26 December 1943, promoted to temporary major general, he assumed command of the mountain warfare-trained 52nd (Lowland) Infantry Division from Major-General Neil Ritchie as its General Officer Commanding (GOC). He commanded the 52nd Division during the campaign in North-West Europe, from October 1944 until May 1945.\n Links: a. Commanding officer b. World War II c. Brigadier (United Kingdom) d. 155th (South Scottish) Brigade", "neg": "Question: Who is the current president of the university that Haydock graduated from? Passage:Haydock was a graduate of Glasgow University and was a travelling salesman for the Clydevale Oil & Colour Company, Bridgeton. In September 1914, one month after the outbreak of the First World War, Haydock enlisted in the Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders. In January 1915, he was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Cameronians (Scottish Rifles). Haydock saw action at Gallipoli and Palestine before being seriously wounded during an attack on Umbrella Hill during the Third Battle of Gaza on 1 November 1917. He did not return to his battalion until August 1918, after it had been deployed on the Western Front. Haydock was wounded during an attack on the Hindenburg Line, west of Quéant on 2 September 1918 and died the same day at a Casualty Clearing Station in Bailleulval. He was buried in Bac-du-Sud British Cemetery, Bailleulval.\n Links: a. Gallipoli campaign b. Hindenburg Line c. Third Battle of Gaza d. University of Glasgow", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}399{"query": "Question: What attributes did the goddess whose birthday was being observed commonly have associated with her? Passage:The Panathenaea (, \"all-Athenian festival\") was the most important festival for Athens and one of the grandest in the entire ancient Greek world. Except for slaves, all inhabitants of the polis could take part in the festival. This holiday of great antiquity is believed to have been the observance of Athena's birthday and honoured the goddess as the city's patron divinity, Athena Polias ('Athena of the city'). A procession assembled before dawn at the Dipylon gate in the northern sector of the city. The procession, led by the Kanephoros, made its way to the Areopagus and in front of the Temple of Athena Nike next to the Propylaea. Only Athenian citizens were allowed to pass through the Propylaea and enter the Acropolis. The procession passed the Parthenon and stopped at the great altar of Athena in front of the Erechtheum. Every four years a newly woven peplos was dedicated to Athena.\n Links: a. Kanephoros b. Parthenon c. Peplos d. Athena", "pos": "Question: What is the common English word for the name of the place containing inhabitants allowed to take part in the festival? Passage:The Panathenaea (, \"all-Athenian festival\") was the most important festival for Athens and one of the grandest in the entire ancient Greek world. Except for slaves, all inhabitants of the polis could take part in the festival. This holiday of great antiquity is believed to have been the observance of Athena's birthday and honoured the goddess as the city's patron divinity, Athena Polias ('Athena of the city'). A procession assembled before dawn at the Dipylon gate in the northern sector of the city. The procession, led by the Kanephoros, made its way to the Areopagus and in front of the Temple of Athena Nike next to the Propylaea. Only Athenian citizens were allowed to pass through the Propylaea and enter the Acropolis. The procession passed the Parthenon and stopped at the great altar of Athena in front of the Erechtheum. Every four years a newly woven peplos was dedicated to Athena.\n Links: a. Areopagus b. Areopagus c. Propylaea d. Polis", "neg": "Question: What material was the item woven for Athena every four years made of? Passage:The Panathenaea (, \"all-Athenian festival\") was the most important festival for Athens and one of the grandest in the entire ancient Greek world. Except for slaves, all inhabitants of the polis could take part in the festival. This holiday of great antiquity is believed to have been the observance of Athena's birthday and honoured the goddess as the city's patron divinity, Athena Polias ('Athena of the city'). A procession assembled before dawn at the Dipylon gate in the northern sector of the city. The procession, led by the Kanephoros, made its way to the Areopagus and in front of the Temple of Athena Nike next to the Propylaea. Only Athenian citizens were allowed to pass through the Propylaea and enter the Acropolis. The procession passed the Parthenon and stopped at the great altar of Athena in front of the Erechtheum. Every four years a newly woven peplos was dedicated to Athena.\n Links: a. Areopagus b. Peplos c. Temple of Athena Nike d. Areopagus", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}400{"query": "Question: Who is the current president of the car manufacturer Radisich raced for in 1998? Passage:He won the 1993 and 1994 Touring Car World Cup events at Monza and at Donington respectively. 1993 was his first British Touring Car Championship (BTCC) season, in a Ford Mondeo prepared by Andy Rouse. He finished 3rd in the series despite only competing in half the year. He would again drive for Andy Rouse in 1994 where he finished 3rd again behind Gabriele Tarquini for Alfa Romeo and Alain Menu for Renault. Radisich would again drive for Andy Rouse in 1995 but by the end of the 1995 season the car had reached the end of its development cycle and was increasingly uncompetitive during the end of the 1995 season and in the 1996 season when West Surrey Racing took over the Ford team from Andy Rouse. 1996 would be a disappointment for the Ford team with no podium places and Radisich finishing 13th in the championship. 1997 would see a new Mondeo however it to was uncompetitive and would not challenge the front running teams. In 1998 he raced for Peugeot where he again had a disappointing season. He left the series and went to race for Dick Johnson Racing in the V8 Supercar series in Australia.\n Links: a. DJR Team Penske b. Peugeot c. Alain Menu d. Gabriele Tarquini", "pos": "Question: Which driver who finished higher than Radisich during the 1994 BTCC season is the youngest? Passage:He won the 1993 and 1994 Touring Car World Cup events at Monza and at Donington respectively. 1993 was his first British Touring Car Championship (BTCC) season, in a Ford Mondeo prepared by Andy Rouse. He finished 3rd in the series despite only competing in half the year. He would again drive for Andy Rouse in 1994 where he finished 3rd again behind Gabriele Tarquini for Alfa Romeo and Alain Menu for Renault. Radisich would again drive for Andy Rouse in 1995 but by the end of the 1995 season the car had reached the end of its development cycle and was increasingly uncompetitive during the end of the 1995 season and in the 1996 season when West Surrey Racing took over the Ford team from Andy Rouse. 1996 would be a disappointment for the Ford team with no podium places and Radisich finishing 13th in the championship. 1997 would see a new Mondeo however it to was uncompetitive and would not challenge the front running teams. In 1998 he raced for Peugeot where he again had a disappointing season. He left the series and went to race for Dick Johnson Racing in the V8 Supercar series in Australia.\n Links: a. 1993 FIA Touring Car Challenge b. Gabriele Tarquini c. British Touring Car Championship d. West Surrey Racing", "neg": "Question: Is the car Radisich used on his first BTCC season still in production? Passage:He won the 1993 and 1994 Touring Car World Cup events at Monza and at Donington respectively. 1993 was his first British Touring Car Championship (BTCC) season, in a Ford Mondeo prepared by Andy Rouse. He finished 3rd in the series despite only competing in half the year. He would again drive for Andy Rouse in 1994 where he finished 3rd again behind Gabriele Tarquini for Alfa Romeo and Alain Menu for Renault. Radisich would again drive for Andy Rouse in 1995 but by the end of the 1995 season the car had reached the end of its development cycle and was increasingly uncompetitive during the end of the 1995 season and in the 1996 season when West Surrey Racing took over the Ford team from Andy Rouse. 1996 would be a disappointment for the Ford team with no podium places and Radisich finishing 13th in the championship. 1997 would see a new Mondeo however it to was uncompetitive and would not challenge the front running teams. In 1998 he raced for Peugeot where he again had a disappointing season. He left the series and went to race for Dick Johnson Racing in the V8 Supercar series in Australia.\n Links: a. DJR Team Penske b. 1994 FIA Touring Car World Cup c. Australia d. Ford Mondeo", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}401{"query": "Question: How many years had the Taj Mahal been standing for when Stanko recorded solo work there? Passage:During the 1980s, he traveled to India and recorded solo work in the Taj Mahal, and also worked with Vesala in groups led by Chico Freeman and Howard Johnson. In the mid-1980s, he began doing extensive work with Cecil Taylor, performing in his big bands and also led various groups of his own, including COCX (with Vitold Rek and Apostolis Anthimos). Then, before returning to ECM Records, Stańko also worked in a trio that included himself, Arild Andersen and Jon Christensen. In 1993, Stańko formed a new quartet composed of the then 16-year-old drummer Michał Miśkiewicz, along with Miśkiewicz's two friends, pianist Marcin Wasilewski and bassist Sławomir Kurkiewicz. That same year he also formed an international quartet that included Bobo Stenson, Tony Oxley and Anders Jormin. in 1994 the quartet released their first ECM recording titled Matka Joanna. In 1997, Stańko formed a group which performed the songs of pianist Krzysztof Komeda, touring London, Copenhagen, Stockholm and appearing at jazz festivals like those in Nancy and Berlin. The idea for the project came from ECM president Manfred Eicher.\n Links: a. Arild Andersen b. Vitold Rek c. Taj Mahal d. Vitold Rek", "pos": "Question: How old was J.D. Sumner when Tony Brown joined the Stamps Quartet? Passage:Following stints with the Dixie Melody Boys and Trav'lers Quartets, he joined J. D. Sumner and the Stamps Quartet in 1966. In 1972, he traveled briefly with the Blackwood Brothers, thereafter joining the Oak Ridge Boys as a member of The Mighty Oaks Band. Brown also played piano for Elvis Presley. He toured with the TCB Band for much of Presley's final two years and was a part of the 1976 \"Jungle Room\" recording sessions at Graceland. In 1979, he joined Emmylou Harris's backing band, the Hot Band, taking over for former Presley sideman Glen D. Hardin. Brown stayed with Harris until 1981. Later, he became a session musician in Nashville and toured with acts such as Rosanne Cash.\n Links: a. Glen Hardin b. The Oak Ridge Boys c. J. D. Sumner d. Emmylou Harris", "neg": "Question: How old was Bill when his band began a ten year break? Passage:Flags is a 1985 album by the duo Moraz-Bruford. Unlike their prior effort Music for Piano and Drums, which featured only an acoustic drum kit and grand piano, this recording expanded their musical palette by including a Kurzweil 250 synthesizer and electronic percussion. Keyboardist Patrick Moraz and drummer Bill Bruford had both previously been members of the progressive rock band Yes (though at different points in time) and also appeared together on Chris Squire's first solo album Fish Out of Water. During the recording of this album, Moraz was a member of The Moody Blues, while Bruford's band King Crimson had just begun a hiatus that would last for ten years. Flags features ten instrumental works, including a drum solo based on Max Roach's \"The Drum Also Waltzes\".\n Links: a. King Crimson b. Max Roach c. The Moody Blues d. Bill Bruford", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}402{"query": "Question: Which of the dolphin and porpoise species that the great white sharks attack is the largest? Passage:White sharks also attack dolphins and porpoises from above, behind or below to avoid being detected by their echolocation. Targeted species include dusky dolphins (Lagenorhynchus obscurus), Risso's dolphins (Grampus griseus), bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops ssp.), Humpback dolphins (Sousa ssp.), harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena), and Dall's porpoises (Phocoenoides dalli). Groups of dolphins have occasionally been observed defending themselves from sharks with mobbing behaviour. White shark predation on other species of small cetacean has also been observed. In August 1989, a juvenile male pygmy sperm whale (Kogia breviceps) was found stranded in central California with a bite mark on its caudal peduncle from a great white shark. In addition, white sharks attack and prey upon beaked whales. Cases where an adult Stejneger's beaked whale (Mesoplodon stejnegeri), with a mean mass of around , and a juvenile Cuvier's beaked whale (Ziphius cavirostris), an individual estimated at , were hunted and killed by great white sharks have also been observed. When hunting sea turtles, they appear to simply bite through the carapace around a flipper, immobilizing the turtle. The heaviest species of bony fish, the oceanic sunfish (Mola mola), has been found in great white shark stomachs.\n Links: a. Stejneger's beaked whale b. Beaked whale c. Beaked whale d. Dusky dolphin", "pos": "Question: What is the difference between the amount of gills the species known to prey on the crossback stingaree have compared to most shark species? Passage:The broadnose sevengill shark (Notorynchus cepedianus) is known to prey on the crossback stingaree. When threatened, this ray raises its tail warningly above its body in a scorpion-like fashion. Parasites documented from this species include a tapeworm in the genus Acanthobothrium, and the monogenean Calicotyle urolophi. Like other stingrays, the crossback stingaree is aplacental viviparous: when the developing embryos exhaust their supply of yolk, their mother provisions them with nutrient-rich histotroph (\"uterine milk\") through specialized extensions of the uterine epithelium called \"trophonemata\". Females produce litters of 1–4 pups every other year. Embryonic development proceeds rapidly over a six-month period, though the total gestation period may be much longer if there is a period of dormancy for the eggs after fertilization, as has been reported in other stingarees. Off Tasmania, large estuaries such as at the mouth of the River Derwent serve as nursery areas.\n Links: a. Monogenea b. River Derwent (Tasmania) c. Epithelium d. Broadnose sevengill shark", "neg": "Question: Which animal population that the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972 protects has the larger numbers? Passage:Great Australian Bight Marine National Park is a marine protected area in the Australian state of South Australia located west of the state capital of Adelaide. The national park was proclaimed under the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972 (SA) by the South Australian Government on 26 September 1996 principally to protect the calving waters of the Southern right whale and the Australian sea lion populations. It consists of two sections occupying the ocean immediately adjoining the coastline up to a distance of and extending from the Western Australia border in the west to a locality known as the Tchalingaby Sandhills in the east. The gap between the two sections is also a protected area known as the Great Australian Bight Marine Park Whale Sanctuary which was proclaimed on 22 June 1995 under the Fisheries Act 1982 (SA). The national park is also part of the group of marine protected areas which are located together in waters within Australian and South Australian jurisdictions within the Great Australian Bight and which is collectively known as the Great Australian Bight Marine Park. Since late 2012, the national park and the whale sanctuary have also been within the boundaries of the Far West Coast Marine Park.\n Links: a. Great Australian Bight Marine Park b. Southern right whale c. Government of South Australia d. Protected areas of South Australia", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}403{"query": "Question: How old was J. Clarance Karcher the year Royal Dutch Shell purchased El Aguila? Passage:DeGolyer opened a petroleum geology consultancy in 1914, moving to Montclair, New Jersey to work in New York City in 1916. In 1919, while working as a consultant to the British entrepreneur Lord Cowdray, DeGolyer negotiated the sale of the El Aguila company to Royal Dutch Shell. In the same year, DeGolyer organized the formation of the Rycade Oil Company as well as the Amerada Petroleum Corporation for Lord Cowdray, rising to become general manager, president, and chairman from 1929 to 1932 DeGolyer left the firm in 1932, but remained with Rycade, which was established to explore salt dome oil deposits through 1941. As a geophysical consultant with Rycade, DeGolyer made the first torsion balance survey in the United States at the Spindletop oilfield. An oilfield found by DeGolyer on behalf of Rycade at Nash, Texas was the first oilfield anywhere to be discovered using geophysics. From 1925 DeGolyer established the Geophysical Research Corporation as a subsidiary of Amerada to develop reflection seismology techniques originated by J. Clarence Karcher and Eugene McDermott, leaving in 1932 to move to Dallas, Texas. DeGolyer provided financial support for the 1930 establishment of GRC's successor, Geophysical Service Incorporated. GSI went on to spin off Texas Instruments. In 1936 with Lewis MacNaughton, DeGolyer established the petroleum exploration consulting firm DeGolyer and MacNaughton, and Core Laboratories, Incorporated the same year to provide drilling core and fluids analysis. DeGolyer was also associated with the Atlatl Royalty Company from 1932 to 1950 and the Felmont Corporation in 1934. In 1956 he established Isotopes, Incorporated to provide radioactive isotopes for oilfield and industrial purposes.\n Links: a. J. Clarence Karcher b. Weetman Pearson, 1st Viscount Cowdray c. DeGolyer and MacNaughton d. Texas Instruments", "pos": "Question: Who was older, Wasson or her brother Preston? Passage:Wasson was born Isabel Deming Bassett in Brooklyn, NY on January 11, 1897, daughter of urban planner Edward Bassett and Annie Preston Bassett, and sister of inventor and engineer Preston Bassett. Wasson graduated Phi Beta Kappa from Wellesley College in 1918, majoring in history so she could take a wide range of science courses. She took classes in geology after graduation at the University of Chicago and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She met her future husband, petroleum geologist Theron Wasson, whom she married in 1920, while working towards a master's degree in geology at Columbia University, which she finished in 1934. They had three children: Elizabeth W. Bergstrom, a biologist; Edward B. Wasson, a petroleum geologist; and Anne Harney Gallagher, an art historian. Wasson worked as a petroleum geologist in her husband's office at the Pure Oil Company from the early 1920s until 1928. She published two scholarly articles on geology, one co-authored with her husband about an oil field discovered by Pure Oil in 1914, and another by herself about the ages of rock formations in Ohio and new terminology for them; the latter was cited in a number of other papers and a recent book. After 1928 she spent over 50 years in River Forest, IL, teaching science in the local public schools, lecturing, bird watching (ornithology), and mentoring generations of young naturalists. She was quoted in this 1986 Chicago Tribune article as an expert on local geology at age 89. She was honored for her contributions to local history in 1982 when the Wasson Room was named after her in a local school to hold local history resources. Her interests included archaeology; she discovered a Native American religious mound in Thatcher Woods, near her house in River Forest, in the 1930s. An article about her discovery called her \"the one who started the environmental education movement in America back in the 1920s and '30s.\" Theron and Isabel divorced in 1953 and she did not remarry. From 1953-1954, Wasson served as President of the Chicago Ornithological Society. Wasson also taught classes at the Morton Arboretum in Lisle, Illinois. She died in La Grange Park, IL, in 1994.\n Links: a. Preston Bassett b. Morton Arboretum c. Edward Bassett d. Phi Beta Kappa", "neg": "Question: How long had Royal Dutch Shell been a company for the year it purchased El Aguila? Passage:DeGolyer opened a petroleum geology consultancy in 1914, moving to Montclair, New Jersey to work in New York City in 1916. In 1919, while working as a consultant to the British entrepreneur Lord Cowdray, DeGolyer negotiated the sale of the El Aguila company to Royal Dutch Shell. In the same year, DeGolyer organized the formation of the Rycade Oil Company as well as the Amerada Petroleum Corporation for Lord Cowdray, rising to become general manager, president, and chairman from 1929 to 1932 DeGolyer left the firm in 1932, but remained with Rycade, which was established to explore salt dome oil deposits through 1941. As a geophysical consultant with Rycade, DeGolyer made the first torsion balance survey in the United States at the Spindletop oilfield. An oilfield found by DeGolyer on behalf of Rycade at Nash, Texas was the first oilfield anywhere to be discovered using geophysics. From 1925 DeGolyer established the Geophysical Research Corporation as a subsidiary of Amerada to develop reflection seismology techniques originated by J. Clarence Karcher and Eugene McDermott, leaving in 1932 to move to Dallas, Texas. DeGolyer provided financial support for the 1930 establishment of GRC's successor, Geophysical Service Incorporated. GSI went on to spin off Texas Instruments. In 1936 with Lewis MacNaughton, DeGolyer established the petroleum exploration consulting firm DeGolyer and MacNaughton, and Core Laboratories, Incorporated the same year to provide drilling core and fluids analysis. DeGolyer was also associated with the Atlatl Royalty Company from 1932 to 1950 and the Felmont Corporation in 1934. In 1956 he established Isotopes, Incorporated to provide radioactive isotopes for oilfield and industrial purposes.\n Links: a. Torsion spring b. Hess Corporation c. Royal Dutch Shell d. Royal Dutch Shell", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}404{"query": "Question: Which 1930s event that stalled the Flanley initiative last the longest? Passage:By the 1920s, SCGX was doubling annually and had emerged as the \"fastest growing grain market in the world\"; transacting 22 million bushels in 1928 (valued at $336 million in 2018), resulting from its location in the heart of the Corn Belt and self-imposed standards before the Grain Standards Act of 1916 including species admittance and non-mixing. However, its growth was limited by shipping rates. With the trucking industry and Interstate Highway System not yet developed, SCGX was constrained by monopolized railroad rates, primarily by the Great Northern Railway. Exhausting their bargaining power with the Interstate Commerce Commission, SCGX President Charles C. Flanley directed future lobbying efforts to unlocking barge navigation of the Missouri River. His initiative was stalled throughout the 1930s by the Great Depression and Dust Bowl. In 1938, a renewed thirteen year campaign led by Secretary William Henry Marriott finally opened commercial navigation of the Missouri River and helped establish the Missouri River Basin Project, which included development of the Gavins Point Dam. The alternate transportation succeeded in breaking the railroad's monopoly. By the 1970s, SCGX was among the largest exchanges in the world; transacting over 100 million bushels annually (valued at $1 billion as of 2018).\n Links: a. Great Depression b. Great Depression c. Interstate Highway System d. Interstate Commerce Commission", "pos": "Question: When was the dam that was part of the Missouri River Basin Project completed? Passage:By the 1920s, SCGX was doubling annually and had emerged as the \"fastest growing grain market in the world\"; transacting 22 million bushels in 1928 (valued at $336 million in 2018), resulting from its location in the heart of the Corn Belt and self-imposed standards before the Grain Standards Act of 1916 including species admittance and non-mixing. However, its growth was limited by shipping rates. With the trucking industry and Interstate Highway System not yet developed, SCGX was constrained by monopolized railroad rates, primarily by the Great Northern Railway. Exhausting their bargaining power with the Interstate Commerce Commission, SCGX President Charles C. Flanley directed future lobbying efforts to unlocking barge navigation of the Missouri River. His initiative was stalled throughout the 1930s by the Great Depression and Dust Bowl. In 1938, a renewed thirteen year campaign led by Secretary William Henry Marriott finally opened commercial navigation of the Missouri River and helped establish the Missouri River Basin Project, which included development of the Gavins Point Dam. The alternate transportation succeeded in breaking the railroad's monopoly. By the 1970s, SCGX was among the largest exchanges in the world; transacting over 100 million bushels annually (valued at $1 billion as of 2018).\n Links: a. Pick–Sloan Missouri Basin Program b. Sanford House (Sioux City, Iowa) c. Interstate Highway System d. Dust Bowl", "neg": "Question: What year was the railroad company who held a monopoly on rate first found? Passage:By the 1920s, SCGX was doubling annually and had emerged as the \"fastest growing grain market in the world\"; transacting 22 million bushels in 1928 (valued at $336 million in 2018), resulting from its location in the heart of the Corn Belt and self-imposed standards before the Grain Standards Act of 1916 including species admittance and non-mixing. However, its growth was limited by shipping rates. With the trucking industry and Interstate Highway System not yet developed, SCGX was constrained by monopolized railroad rates, primarily by the Great Northern Railway. Exhausting their bargaining power with the Interstate Commerce Commission, SCGX President Charles C. Flanley directed future lobbying efforts to unlocking barge navigation of the Missouri River. His initiative was stalled throughout the 1930s by the Great Depression and Dust Bowl. In 1938, a renewed thirteen year campaign led by Secretary William Henry Marriott finally opened commercial navigation of the Missouri River and helped establish the Missouri River Basin Project, which included development of the Gavins Point Dam. The alternate transportation succeeded in breaking the railroad's monopoly. By the 1970s, SCGX was among the largest exchanges in the world; transacting over 100 million bushels annually (valued at $1 billion as of 2018).\n Links: a. Interstate Highway System b. Sanford House (Sioux City, Iowa) c. History of the trucking industry in the United States d. Great Northern Railway (U.S.)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}405{"query": "Question: Did Masashi make his debut before Tosanoumi? Passage:Oso was interested in sumo from a young age, as his father was the director of the Ibaraki Prefecture sumo association. He won national amateur titles at high school and at Senshu University, where he was a rival of Tosanoumi. He made his professional debut in January 1993 in the third makushita division, as due to his amateur achievements he had been given makushita tsukedashi status. He breezed through makushita undefeated with two consecutive 7–0 scores to earn promotion to the second jūryō division, whereupon he changed his shikona from Oso to Musōyama, meaning \"twin warrior mountain.\" He made his debut in the top makuuchi division in September 1993. It took him only seven tournaments from his professional debut to make the san'yaku ranks, debuting at sekiwake in March 1994. In September he won his first eleven matches, finishing as runner up to Takanohana with a fine 13–2 record. Over the next few years he was regularly ranked at either sekiwake or komusubi, but was unable to make the next step up. He suffered a number of injuries, including a dislocated shoulder and a persistent problem with his left big toe which affected his speed of movement.\n Links: a. Makuuchi b. Shikona c. Tosanoumi Toshio d. Glossary of sumo terms", "pos": "Question: How long had the Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling dojo been open when Kuroda made his debut? Passage:Kuroda began his professional wrestling career in January 1993, when he was trained by Pro Wrestling Crusaders (PWC) at their dojo and made his debut on March 18, 1993 against Hideki Hosaka. PWC closed after a few months and Kuroda resumed his training at the Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling (FMW) dojo. He made his FMW debut as a fan favorite with Masato Tanaka by losing to Dark Ranger and Masaru Toi in a tag team match on October 15. Kuroda remained in the low card for many years in the company and was usually utilized in opening matches on the card and served as a enhancement talent against higher level opponents, winning against only lesser known talent. He was often paired with fellow newcomer Tanaka in mid-card matches during the early years of his career and often wrestled Tanaka, Koji Nakagawa and Gosaku Goshogawara. Kuroda's first main event match took place on November 26, 1994, when he teamed with Atsushi Onita, Katsutoshi Niiyama and Masato Tanaka to defeat Mr. Pogo, The Gladiator, Hideki Hosaka and Hisakatsu Oya in a no ropes barbed wire street fight deathmatch. Kuroda would team with Onita, Niiyama and Tanaka in several street fights during late 1994 and early 1995. In the summer of 1995, Kuroda was entered into the Young Spirit Tournament, a round robin tournament consisting of rising rookies of the company. He would lose all of his matches in the tournament against W*ING Kanemura, Hideki Hosaka, Koji Nakagawa and Hido, while wrestling Masato Tanaka to a double knockout to gain one point in the tournament.\n Links: a. Card (sports) b. Hideki Hosaka c. Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling d. Hido (wrestler)", "neg": "Question: What year did Masashi win national amateur title at Senshu University? Passage:Oso was interested in sumo from a young age, as his father was the director of the Ibaraki Prefecture sumo association. He won national amateur titles at high school and at Senshu University, where he was a rival of Tosanoumi. He made his professional debut in January 1993 in the third makushita division, as due to his amateur achievements he had been given makushita tsukedashi status. He breezed through makushita undefeated with two consecutive 7–0 scores to earn promotion to the second jūryō division, whereupon he changed his shikona from Oso to Musōyama, meaning \"twin warrior mountain.\" He made his debut in the top makuuchi division in September 1993. It took him only seven tournaments from his professional debut to make the san'yaku ranks, debuting at sekiwake in March 1994. In September he won his first eleven matches, finishing as runner up to Takanohana with a fine 13–2 record. Over the next few years he was regularly ranked at either sekiwake or komusubi, but was unable to make the next step up. He suffered a number of injuries, including a dislocated shoulder and a persistent problem with his left big toe which affected his speed of movement.\n Links: a. Makuuchi b. Senshu University c. Makuuchi d. Senshu University", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}406{"query": "Question: In what city was the person born who had a long feud with FDR? Passage:Roosevelt came to office in 1929 as a reform Democrat, but with no overall plan. He tackled official corruption by dismissing Smith's cronies and renamed the New York Public Service Commission. He addressed New York's growing need for power through the development of hydroelectricity on the St. Lawrence River. He reformed the state's prison administration and built a new state prison at Attica. He had a long feud with Robert Moses, the state's most powerful public servant, whom he removed as Secretary of State but kept on as Parks Commissioner and head of urban planning. Moses was replaced with the Bronx's Democratic Boss Edward J. Flynn. When the Wall Street crash in October 1929 ushered in the Great Depression, Roosevelt started a relief system that later became the model for the New Deal's Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA). Roosevelt followed President Herbert Hoover's advice and asked the state legislature for $20 million in relief funds, which he spent mainly on public works in the hope of stimulating demand and providing employment. Aid to the unemployed, he said, \"must be extended by Government, not as a matter of charity, but as a matter of social duty.\" In his first term, Roosevelt famously said, \"The United States Constitution has proved itself the most marvelously elastic compilation of rules of government ever written.\" He was referring to the belief he had that the Federal government would need to use more power in order to bring the country out of the Depression.\n Links: a. Attica (town), New York b. Robert Moses c. Federal Emergency Relief Administration d. Herbert Hoover", "pos": "Question: How many people live in the area where the new state prison was built? Passage:Roosevelt came to office in 1929 as a reform Democrat, but with no overall plan. He tackled official corruption by dismissing Smith's cronies and renamed the New York Public Service Commission. He addressed New York's growing need for power through the development of hydroelectricity on the St. Lawrence River. He reformed the state's prison administration and built a new state prison at Attica. He had a long feud with Robert Moses, the state's most powerful public servant, whom he removed as Secretary of State but kept on as Parks Commissioner and head of urban planning. Moses was replaced with the Bronx's Democratic Boss Edward J. Flynn. When the Wall Street crash in October 1929 ushered in the Great Depression, Roosevelt started a relief system that later became the model for the New Deal's Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA). Roosevelt followed President Herbert Hoover's advice and asked the state legislature for $20 million in relief funds, which he spent mainly on public works in the hope of stimulating demand and providing employment. Aid to the unemployed, he said, \"must be extended by Government, not as a matter of charity, but as a matter of social duty.\" In his first term, Roosevelt famously said, \"The United States Constitution has proved itself the most marvelously elastic compilation of rules of government ever written.\" He was referring to the belief he had that the Federal government would need to use more power in order to bring the country out of the Depression.\n Links: a. Edward J. Flynn b. Attica (town), New York c. Herbert Hoover d. Saint Lawrence River", "neg": "Question: When was the person born who had a long feud with FDR? Passage:Roosevelt came to office in 1929 as a reform Democrat, but with no overall plan. He tackled official corruption by dismissing Smith's cronies and renamed the New York Public Service Commission. He addressed New York's growing need for power through the development of hydroelectricity on the St. Lawrence River. He reformed the state's prison administration and built a new state prison at Attica. He had a long feud with Robert Moses, the state's most powerful public servant, whom he removed as Secretary of State but kept on as Parks Commissioner and head of urban planning. Moses was replaced with the Bronx's Democratic Boss Edward J. Flynn. When the Wall Street crash in October 1929 ushered in the Great Depression, Roosevelt started a relief system that later became the model for the New Deal's Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA). Roosevelt followed President Herbert Hoover's advice and asked the state legislature for $20 million in relief funds, which he spent mainly on public works in the hope of stimulating demand and providing employment. Aid to the unemployed, he said, \"must be extended by Government, not as a matter of charity, but as a matter of social duty.\" In his first term, Roosevelt famously said, \"The United States Constitution has proved itself the most marvelously elastic compilation of rules of government ever written.\" He was referring to the belief he had that the Federal government would need to use more power in order to bring the country out of the Depression.\n Links: a. Federal Emergency Relief Administration b. Edward J. Flynn c. Attica (town), New York d. Robert Moses", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}407{"query": "Question: What state did Rahne's team play a bowl game in during the 2015 season? Passage:Following coach James Franklin, Rahne spent the 2014 and 2015 seasons as the Penn State Nittany Lions quarterbacks coach. Working with quarterback Christian Hackenberg, Rahne helped him break all of the Nittany Lions major career passing records. Hackenberg finished his career with 693 completions, 8,457 passing yards, 48 touchdown passes, 9 career 300-yard passing games, and 21 200-yard passing games. After the final game of the 2015 regular season, John Donovan was fired as Penn States offensive coordinator, and replaced by Rahne as the interim to coach the TaxSlayer Bowl. During preparation for the bowl game, it was announced that ex-Fordham Head coach, Joe Moorhead would be taking over as offensive coordinator and quarterbacks coach for the 2016 season. Rahne took over as tight ends coach, a position that was previously held by Donovan. In this role Rahne mentored Mackey Award finalist Mike Gesicki as he broke the Penn State career record for receptions (123), receiving yards (1,419) and touchdowns (15) by a tight end. Gesicki was selected first-team All-Big Ten in 2017 and second team in 2016. Gesicki set single-season records at Penn State for receptions (51), receiving yards (679) and touchdown catches (9) by a tight end. On December 1, 2017, Rahne was named Penn States offensive coordinator and quarterbacks coach after Joe Moorhead left the Nittany Lions to become the head coach at Mississippi State. In his first game as a full-time offensive coordinator, Rahne led Penn State's offense to a Fiesta Bowl record 545 yards of total offense in a 35-28 win over Washington.\n Links: a. Christian Hackenberg b. 2016 All-Big Ten Conference football team c. 2016 TaxSlayer Bowl (January) d. 2016 All-Big Ten Conference football team", "pos": "Question: How old was the quarterback during Rahne's first year as a quarterback coach? Passage:Following coach James Franklin, Rahne spent the 2014 and 2015 seasons as the Penn State Nittany Lions quarterbacks coach. Working with quarterback Christian Hackenberg, Rahne helped him break all of the Nittany Lions major career passing records. Hackenberg finished his career with 693 completions, 8,457 passing yards, 48 touchdown passes, 9 career 300-yard passing games, and 21 200-yard passing games. After the final game of the 2015 regular season, John Donovan was fired as Penn States offensive coordinator, and replaced by Rahne as the interim to coach the TaxSlayer Bowl. During preparation for the bowl game, it was announced that ex-Fordham Head coach, Joe Moorhead would be taking over as offensive coordinator and quarterbacks coach for the 2016 season. Rahne took over as tight ends coach, a position that was previously held by Donovan. In this role Rahne mentored Mackey Award finalist Mike Gesicki as he broke the Penn State career record for receptions (123), receiving yards (1,419) and touchdowns (15) by a tight end. Gesicki was selected first-team All-Big Ten in 2017 and second team in 2016. Gesicki set single-season records at Penn State for receptions (51), receiving yards (679) and touchdown catches (9) by a tight end. On December 1, 2017, Rahne was named Penn States offensive coordinator and quarterbacks coach after Joe Moorhead left the Nittany Lions to become the head coach at Mississippi State. In his first game as a full-time offensive coordinator, Rahne led Penn State's offense to a Fiesta Bowl record 545 yards of total offense in a 35-28 win over Washington.\n Links: a. Mike Gesicki b. 2017 All-Big Ten Conference football team c. Penn State Nittany Lions football d. Mississippi State Bulldogs football", "neg": "Question: Which team won the FCS Championship Game in 2013? Passage:After he received his degree in 2010, Bowen joined Coach Randy Edsall’s staff as a graduate assistant. During his two seasons as a G.A. at Maryland, he worked with the offensive linemen and the wide receivers. In his final season at Maryland, he coached for Mike Locksley, the Terps’ Offensive Coordinator. Bowen spent the 2013 season as the tight ends coach at Towson University where the Tigers advanced to the FCS Championship Game and finished No. 2 in the country. In 2014, Bowen spent the season as an offensive graduate assistant for the Nittany Lions, he assisted primarily with the offensive line. In 2015, he served as Joe Moorhead's offensive line coach at Fordham, and then as Andrew Breiner's offensive coordinator the following season. In 2017, Bowen joined Maryland and head football coach D. J. Durkin as their offensive line coach. After spending just one season at Maryland, Bowen rejoined Penn State and Coach Franklin as the Nittany Lions tight end coach for the 2018 season. \n Links: a. NCAA Division I Football Championship b. NCAA Division I Football Championship c. Joe Moorhead d. Fordham Rams football", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}408{"query": "Question: Which of the stop-motion animated works created by Firmin and Postgate had the most success? Passage:The popularisation of television broadcasting in the UK during the 1950s brought with it both new avenues for animation production and a shift in the demographic orientation of animation to the realms of children's programming. The year 1950 saw the premier of the long-running children's TV series Watch with Mother (1950–74) which would not include animation per se, but would feature several puppet-based segments (such as \"Andy Pandy\" and \"Flower Pot Men\") that would later become staples of British children's popular imagery and animation. Such is the case as well with the children's book character Noddy, who has appeared in various iterations and with different means of animation ranging from stop-motion to CGI to this day. The BBC's investment in resources and personnel oriented to children's media during this time would also provide avenues for the service's eventual inclusion of animation—particularly stop-motion animation, which could be derived from some of the same resources and skill-sets as live action puppetry. Puppeteer Gordon Murray for example, would branch off from his work on the \"Watch with Mother\" segment \"The Woodentops\" and other live action puppet shows to create several stop motion animated children's series in the 1960s, including \"Camberwick Green\" (1966), \"Trumpton\" (1967) and \"Chigley\" (1969). Modelmaker Peter Firmin and writer Oliver Postgate similarly created several stop-motion animated works for children during this period, including \"Pingwings\" (1961–1964), \"Pogles' Wood\" (1966–1967) and \"Clangers\" (1969–1972). It is during this period that ties between the UK's children's animation and several other British media and literary tendencies consolidated, with shows of this period providing a blueprint for future children's TV focussing on rural communities and day-to-day interpersonal relationships. Within this tendency, strong ties can be seen within children's TV and much older pastoral children's literature, social realist cinema and documentary, and the theatrical comedy of manners. This transition from puppetry to stop-motion also demonstrates the influence of Eastern European animation (such as that of Czech animator Jiří Trnka and his followers), with its own proclivity for wood and felt animation puppets and often static facial features. Trnka's work helped to inspire British production companies, including Pete Bryden and Ed Cookson's BBC-commissioned stop-frame animated children's series Summerton Mill (2005).\n Links: a. Pogles' Wood b. Pingwings c. Noddy (character) d. Chigley", "pos": "Question: How long had the show the most notable animation that moved over to WACY from WGBA been on at the time? Passage:By August 1995, the station – which would change its call sign that month to WACY-TV – benefited from WGBA's affiliation switch to NBC (due to WLUK-TV, channel 11, joining Fox). With WGBA now committed to NBC and its programming lineup, programs that WGBA no longer had room to broadcast were moved over to WACY, including some syndicated programming (most notably reruns of The Simpsons) and daytime children's programming. With this move, WACY adopted the \"WACkY 32\" branding for its kids' lineup (running roughly 6-11 a.m. and 1-5 p.m.), which over the years would include Garfield and Friends, Scooby-Doo, Dennis the Menace, Pokémon, Sailor Moon and Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog; programs from the UPN Kids and The Disney Afternoon blocks (as well as from Kids' WB as the Green Bay television market did not have a full-time WB affiliate); and educational and informational-compliant programs like The New Zoo Revue. The live character \"Cuddles the Clown\" provided host continuity for \"WACkY 32\" programming. The station's children's lineup would dwindle over the years, thanks in part to increased cable competition from cable channels such as Cartoon Network and Nickelodeon and the decreased financial justification of airing a more-than-necessary amount of children's programming, although it would continue to air UPN's Disney's One Too until the network discontinued its daily children's block in 2003. After that, WACY would rely on general syndicated entertainment and infomercials for its daytime lineup.\n Links: a. Nickelodeon b. The Simpsons c. Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog d. Sailor Moon", "neg": "Question: Which animated program that made use of the Pulfrich effect was on the air first? Passage:The effect was also used well throughout the whole 1993 Doctor Who charity special Dimensions in Time and in dream sequences of the 1997 3rd Rock from the Sun two-part season 2 finale Nightmare on Dick Street. In many countries in Europe, a series of short 3D films, produced in the Netherlands, were shown on television. Glasses were sold at a chain of petrol stations. These short films were mainly travelogues of Dutch localities. A Power Rangers Lightspeed Rescue movie called Power Rangers in 3D: Triple Force (later broadcast as two-part Trakeena's Revenge) sold on VHS through McDonald's purportedly used \"Circlescan 4D\" technology, which is based on the Pulfrich effect, but there was very little 3D present. In the United States and Canada, six million 3D Pulfrich glasses were distributed to viewers for an episode of Discovery Channel's Shark Week in 2000. Animated programs that employed the Pulfrich effect in specific segments of its programs include Yo Yogi!, The Bots Master, and Space Strikers; they typically achieved the effect through the use of constantly moving background and foreground layers.\n Links: a. Shark Week b. Discovery Channel c. 3rd Rock from the Sun d. Yo Yogi!", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}409{"query": "Question: What year was the artist who painted Boleslaw I of Poland striking the Golden Gate with his sword born? Passage:Modern history accepts this gateway as one of three constructed by Yaroslav the Wise. The golden gates were built in 1017-1024 (6545 by the Byzantine calendar) at about the same time the Saint Sophia Cathedral was erected. Mentions of an older construction, such as the one presented on a painting by Jan Matejko of king Bolesław I of Poland striking the Golden Gate with his sword during the intervention in the Kievan succession crisis in 1018, it is now regarded a legend. Originally named simply the Southern Gate, it was one of the three main entrances to the walled city, along with the Ladski and Zhydivski (Polish and Jewish) Gates. The last two have not survived. The stone fortifications stretched for only 3.5 km. The fortification of the Old Kyiv (Upper City) stretched from the Southern Gates down to what is now Independence Square and where the Lechitic Gate was located. From there, the moat followed what is now Kostyol Street, skirting St. Michael's Monastery and continuing along today's Zhytomyr Street toward the Jewish Gates (at ). From there, the fortification stretched what is now Yaroslaviv Val (\"Yaroslav's Rampart\") Street back to the Southern Gate.\n Links: a. Jan Matejko b. Jan Matejko c. Jan Matejko d. Lach Gates", "pos": "Question: How long did the king who was painted by Jan Matejko rule Poland? Passage:Modern history accepts this gateway as one of three constructed by Yaroslav the Wise. The golden gates were built in 1017-1024 (6545 by the Byzantine calendar) at about the same time the Saint Sophia Cathedral was erected. Mentions of an older construction, such as the one presented on a painting by Jan Matejko of king Bolesław I of Poland striking the Golden Gate with his sword during the intervention in the Kievan succession crisis in 1018, it is now regarded a legend. Originally named simply the Southern Gate, it was one of the three main entrances to the walled city, along with the Ladski and Zhydivski (Polish and Jewish) Gates. The last two have not survived. The stone fortifications stretched for only 3.5 km. The fortification of the Old Kyiv (Upper City) stretched from the Southern Gates down to what is now Independence Square and where the Lechitic Gate was located. From there, the moat followed what is now Kostyol Street, skirting St. Michael's Monastery and continuing along today's Zhytomyr Street toward the Jewish Gates (at ). From there, the fortification stretched what is now Yaroslaviv Val (\"Yaroslav's Rampart\") Street back to the Southern Gate.\n Links: a. Bolesław I the Brave b. Maidan Nezalezhnosti c. Bolesław I the Brave d. Lechites", "neg": "Question: How long had Matsumae Castle existed for the year that Hakyō was born? Passage:Kakizaki Hakyō was born in Matsumae Castle in 1764, the fifth son of the Matsumae Domain daimyō . The following year he was adopted as successor by karō (chief retainer or house elder) . At a young age he travelled to Edo, where he studied under and Sō Shiseki, learning the style of the Nanpin school. In the aftermath of the Menashi–Kunashir rebellion, he painted the , portraits of twelve Ainu chiefs who had sided with the Matsumae Domain; this series was presented to Emperor Kōkaku. In 1791 he journeyed to Kyōto, where he studied under Maruyama Ōkyo. His style was influenced by his exchanges with the painters and literati of the Maruyama-Shijō school and he became friends with , , and in particular , with whom he hosted a moon-viewing party for , attended also by . From 1807, when the Matsumae clan were transferred to the , based around Yanagawa in Mutsu Province, Kakizaki Hakyō as karō worked for their reinstatement. In 1826, after falling ill in Edo, he died in his home town of Matsumae.\n Links: a. Karō b. Mutsu Province c. Nanpin school d. Matsumae Castle", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}410{"query": "Question: How many novels are included in Lund's historical fiction series? Passage:Mormon fiction is fiction by or about members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, also called Mormons or Latter-day Saints (LDS). Its history is commonly divided into four sections as first organized by Eugene England. During the first fifty years of the church's existence, 1830–1880, fiction was not popular, though Parley P. Pratt wrote a fictional Dialogue between Joseph Smith and the Devil. With the emergence of the novel and short stories as popular reading material, Orson F. Whitney called on fellow members to write inspirational stories. During the home literature movement, church-published magazines published many didactic stories and Nephi Anderson wrote the novel Added Upon. The generation of writers after the home literature movement produced fiction that was recognized nationally but was seen as rebelling against home literature's outward moralization. Vardis Fisher's Children of God and Maurine Whipple's The Giant Joshua were prominent novels from this time period. In the 1970s and 1980s, authors starting writing realistic fiction as faithful Mormons. Acclaimed examples include Levi S. Peterson's The Backslider and Linda Sillitoe's Sideways to the Sun. Home literature experienced a resurgence in popularity in the 1980s and 1990s when church-owned Deseret Book started to publish more fiction, including Gerald Lund's historical fiction series The Work and the Glory and Jack Weyland's novels.\n Links: a. Levi S. Peterson b. The Work and the Glory c. Mormons d. Parley P. Pratt", "pos": "Question: How old was Smith's successor as leader of the LDS Church when Smith died? Passage:The children of Joseph Smith Jr., the founder of the Latter Day Saint movement, and his wife Emma Smith, are historically significant because of their roles in establishing and leading the Latter Day Saint Movement, which includes The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (RLDS Church, now called Community of Christ), The Church of Jesus Christ (Bickertonite), the Church of Christ (Temple Lot) and several other sects. Several Latter Day Saint sects, including the RLDS, believed that leadership of the church would flow through lineal succession of Smith's descendants. In 1860, Joseph Smith III became its prophet and president of the RLDS Church, although they no longer adhere to this practice. The larger LDS Church did not follow that practice, and it was led after Joseph Smith's death by Brigham Young.\n Links: a. Community of Christ b. Joseph Smith c. Church of Christ (Temple Lot) d. Joseph Smith", "neg": "Question: How old was Lund when his first novel in his historical fiction series was released? Passage:Mormon fiction is fiction by or about members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, also called Mormons or Latter-day Saints (LDS). Its history is commonly divided into four sections as first organized by Eugene England. During the first fifty years of the church's existence, 1830–1880, fiction was not popular, though Parley P. Pratt wrote a fictional Dialogue between Joseph Smith and the Devil. With the emergence of the novel and short stories as popular reading material, Orson F. Whitney called on fellow members to write inspirational stories. During the home literature movement, church-published magazines published many didactic stories and Nephi Anderson wrote the novel Added Upon. The generation of writers after the home literature movement produced fiction that was recognized nationally but was seen as rebelling against home literature's outward moralization. Vardis Fisher's Children of God and Maurine Whipple's The Giant Joshua were prominent novels from this time period. In the 1970s and 1980s, authors starting writing realistic fiction as faithful Mormons. Acclaimed examples include Levi S. Peterson's The Backslider and Linda Sillitoe's Sideways to the Sun. Home literature experienced a resurgence in popularity in the 1980s and 1990s when church-owned Deseret Book started to publish more fiction, including Gerald Lund's historical fiction series The Work and the Glory and Jack Weyland's novels.\n Links: a. Gerald N. Lund b. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints c. Gerald N. Lund d. Linda Sillitoe", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}411{"query": "Question: What decade did the Kurdish-Turkish conflict begin? Passage:Turkey had been fighting PKK and other groups in southeastern and eastern Turkey for several decades. The Kurdish–Turkish conflict is estimated to have cost 40,000 lives. The Turkish government has publicly stated that it does not recognize a difference between the Syrian YPG forces and PKK, and says both are terrorist organizations. While the PKK has been designated as a Foreign Terrorist Organization by the United States, the United States' position on the YPG is that it is not a terrorist organization, a stance that has generated much conflict between the two NATO allies. Despite this, the CIA named the PYD as the \"Syrian wing\" of the PKK in its World Factbook on 23 January 2018. On 14 February, Director of National Intelligence described YPG as the Syrian wing of PKK in its new report.\n Links: a. Kurdistan Workers' Party b. Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–present) c. The World Factbook d. Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–present)", "pos": "Question: Who was in command of the Iranian Revolutionary Guards when Iraqi troops began shelling Halabja? Passage:Between 1980 and 1988, the conflict intensified as the Iran–Iraq War commenced. One of the groups targeted in particular by Iraqi authorities were the Feyli Kurds, a community of Shi'ite Kurds settled in the southern area of the Zagros Mountains near Iraq's border with Iran. Saddam Hussein considered the group as 'Iranians' and began a campaign to drive the settlers out of the area as a part of his 'Arabization' policy in 1980., Saddam Hussein was severely critical of the Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP) as they aligned forces with Iran in the conflict. In 1983, to avenge this liaison, he ordered the Army to abduct as many as 8,000 men and boys from Erbil province, where the clan of Barzani Kurds was based. Massoud Barzani, the leader of the clan and the KDP, himself lost 37 members of his family to the Iraqi troops. They were reported to having been sent to Nugra Salman prison in the southern deserts of Iraq, where they were tortured. Subsequently, the remains of 512 Barzani men were discovered in a mass grave. On March 16, 1988, Iraqi troops began shelling the Kurdish town of Halabja, in retaliation for an attack on Iraqi positions carried out by Iranian Revolutionary Guards and the aligned Peshmerga fighters. Subsequently, the town was attacked with a mix of chemical substances such as VX (nerve agent), sarin and mustard gas (see Halabja chemical attack). Over 5,000 people are believed to have been killed in the attack, which was considered to be a part of the Al-Anfal Campaign, directed against Kurds by the government under the command of Ali Hassan al-Majid, head of the Northern Bureau of the Ba'ath Party.\n Links: a. Saddam Hussein b. Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps c. Kurdistan Democratic Party d. Iran–Iraq War", "neg": "Question: Which conflict had more casualties, the Soviet–Afghan War or the Kashmir conflict? Passage:After the conclusion of the Soviet–Afghan War, the fighters of the Sunni Mujahideen and other Islamic militants had successfully removed the Soviet forces from Afghanistan. The military and civil government of Pakistan sought to utilize these militants in the Kashmir conflict against the Indian Armed Forces in accordance with the \"thousand cuts\" doctrine so as to \"bleed India\", using Pakistan's nuclear arsenal as a shield. In the 1980s cross-border terrorism started in the Kashmir region as armed and well-trained groups of terrorists were infiltrated into India through the border. Pakistan officially maintained that the terrorism in Kashmir was \"freedom struggle\" of Kashmiris and Pakistan only provided moral support to them. But this turned out to be inaccurate as Director-General of Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) stated in the National Assembly of Pakistan that the ISI was sponsoring this support in Kashmir. Pakistan has used the jihadist militias to conduct an asymmetric warfare with India. The militant groups have been used not just as proxies, but predominantly as \"weapons\" against India for Pakistan's \"Bleed India\" campaign.\n Links: a. Director-General of Inter-Services Intelligence b. Jihad c. Soviet–Afghan War d. Islamic Unity of Afghanistan Mujahideen", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}412{"query": "Question: Did Parris play as Monica Rambeau in any other phases? Passage:With the September 2018 report of the limited series, one was expected to follow Elizabeth Olsen's Wanda Maximoff / Scarlet Witch. By the end of October, Paul Bettany's Vision was expected to play a large role in the series, which would focus on their relationship. Jac Schaeffer was hired to write the first episode and serve as head writer in January 2019. The series was officially announced and titled in April 2019, with Olsen and Bettany confirmed to be starring. Filming started in November 2019. Teyonah Parris will appear as an adult version of Monica Rambeau. The character was previously portrayed by Akira Akbar, as a child in Captain Marvel (2019). The plot takes place following Avengers: Endgame and leads into Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness (also featuring Wanda) while exploring where the character's alias Scarlet Witch comes from. WandaVision is set to debut in early 2021. At D23, Randall Park and Kat Dennings were announced to reprise their MCU roles as Jimmy Woo and Darcy Lewis in the series. Kathryn Hahn was also cast in an undisclosed role described as \"a nosy neighbor\". Matt Shakman was announced as the series' director.\n Links: a. Elizabeth Olsen b. Kathryn Hahn c. Monica Rambeau d. Captain Marvel (film)", "pos": "Question: Who was the lead character in the original film that Rossum appeared in the remake of in 2006? Passage:In 2006, Rossum appeared in Poseidon, Wolfgang Petersen's remake of the disaster film The Poseidon Adventure. She played Jennifer Ramsey, the daughter of Kurt Russell's character. Rossum described the character as being proactive and strong in all situations, rather than a damsel in distress. Rossum also appeared as Juliet Capulet in a 2006 Williamstown Theatre Festival production of William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet. In early 2009, Rossum appeared in Dragonball Evolution. Her next big screen venture was the indie Dare which was an official selection of the 2009 Sundance Film Festival. In November 2009, Rossum appeared in Broadway's 24 Hour Plays in which actors, writers, and directors collaborate to produce, and perform six one-act plays within 24 hours to benefit the Urban Arts Partnership. Rossum appeared in Warren Leight's \"Daily Bread\", directed by Lucie Tiberghien.\n Links: a. Poseidon (film) b. Sundance Film Festival c. The Poseidon Adventure (1972 film) d. Romeo and Juliet", "neg": "Question: What was the name of Angela Bassett's recuriing role? Passage:During the Winter 2017 TCA Press Tour, series mainstays Sarah Paulson and Evan Peters were reported to be starring as the leads in the season. In March 2017, Billy on the Street host Billy Eichner was announced to be cast in the series, playing a role in the life of Paulson's character. His character is slated for appearing in \"six or seven\" episodes. The next month, it was reported that Scream Queens actress Billie Lourd will also star in the seventh installment of the series. In May 2017, Leslie Grossman, who starred in Murphy's series Popular, joined the cast of the series, and Angela Bassett hinted she may return in a recurring role. Despite this, Bassett didn't appear, but she did direct the episode \"Drink the Kool-Aid\". Later that month, it was confirmed via set pictures that Adina Porter and Cheyenne Jackson were also returning. In June 2017, Murphy confirmed via his Instagram account that Colton Haynes, whom Murphy worked with previously on second season of Scream Queens, was joining the casting for the seventh season. Later that month, set pictures revealed that Alison Pill was joining the cast of the season, seemingly portraying the partner of Sarah Paulson's character. In July 2017, Murphy revealed via his Twitter account that Lena Dunham was joining the season. She is set to play Valerie Solanas, author of the SCUM Manifesto and attempted murder of Andy Warhol, via flashbacks. Murphy also confirmed the returns of Frances Conroy and Mare Winningham. Conroy has appeared in all the seasons except Hotel, while Winningham has appeared in Coven, Freak Show, and Hotel. In August 2017, Murphy confirmed the return of Emma Roberts, who appeared in Coven and Freak Show, while Roanoke actors Chaz Bono and James Morosini also confirmed their returns. In the seventh episode, Murder House, Coven, and Freak Show actress Jamie Brewer returned to the show.\n Links: a. Drink the Kool-Aid (American Horror Story) b. Scream Queens (2015 TV series) c. Scream Queens (season 2) d. Angela Bassett", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}413{"query": "Question: Which top two Linkin Park single sold more copies? Passage:The song ranked in music charts even before its official release. The song peaked at #52 on the Billboard US Hot 100 and #54 on the Billboard Pop 100. Although the song is the band's first charting single on Modern Rock Tracks to not reach the #1 spot since \"Pts.Of.Athrty\" in 2002 stalled at #29, it did however hold the #2 spot on the chart for nine consecutive weeks then got replaced by Three Days Grace's Never Too Late at the #2 spot, being held off from the #1 spot by Foo Fighters' \"The Pretender\". It also reached #3 on the Mainstream Rock Tracks charts. In the UK, it debuted and peaked at #29. It made the top thirty in Australia, Canada, Poland and Israel. To date, it has been less successful than its predecessor \"What I've Done\" that debuted at #1 on the Modern Rock Tracks chart and the following single \"Shadow of the Day\" where both singles charted higher. However, it has peaked higher than \"What I've Done\" in the New Zealand Singles Chart (#7) and Belgian Singles Chart (#22). Additionally, it was more successful on the Mainstream Rock Tracks and the Modern Rock Tracks chart than the other singles from Minutes to Midnight staying at 36 weeks on the Modern Rock Tracks chart making it their third most successful single behind In The End (44 weeks) and Faint (37 weeks) on the rock charts.\n Links: a. Ultratop b. In the End c. Billboard Hot 100 d. Poland", "pos": "Question: Which of the original artists of the first two singles released from Punk Goes Pop Vol. 7 sold more copies of the original tracks? Passage:Since the release of Punk Goes Pop Vol. 7 the album has spawned four singles. The first which was released in promotion of the album was Dance Gavin Dance's cover of That's What I Like originally performed by Bruno Mars, it was released on June 1, 2017 alongside the announcement of the Punk Goes Pop Vol. 7, it was accompanied by a music video. The second single to be released off the album was The Amity Affliction's cover of Can't Feel My Face originally performed by The Weeknd, it was released on June 22, 2017. It was also accompanied by a music video depicting zombie teenagers walking around eating people in a school and a group of people trying to kill them. The band is seen playing on a stage in what seems to be an auditorium of the school and they also have become zombies. The third single to be released off the album was Andy Black and his wife Juliet Simms's cover of When We Were Young originally performed by Adele, it was released on July 14, 2017 in celebration of the release of Punk Goes Pop Vol. 7. It was also accompanied by a music video depicting Andy and his wife Juliet in a black and white movie singing a duet of When We Were Young. The fourth single to be released off the album was Grayscale's cover of Love Yourself originally performed by Justin Bieber, it was released on July 19, 2017 after the official release of Punk Goes Pop Vol. 7. The song's music video depicts teens singing in front of the band. As the band sings each of the audience members writes various flaws on each other's body with sticky notes. After that they are blown away by the lead singer of Grayscale with a leaf blower and the audience begins to dance around. At the end all the teens stick the notes to a wall creating a pattern of sorts. The meaning behind the video is to be yourself and don't let little things get to you and to love yourself for what you are not by what others think.\n Links: a. When We Were Young (Adele song) b. Bruno Mars c. Adele d. Duet", "neg": "Question: Which album by A Day to Remember sold more copies, their debut or their second album? Passage:The discography of American rock band A Day to Remember consists of six studio albums, three video albums, three extended plays and thirteen singles. The band signed to Indianola in February 2005 and released their debut album And Their Name Was Treason a few months later. Their second album, For Those Who Have Heart, was released in January 2007 and peaked at number 17 on the Heatseekers Album chart in the US; a re-release charted at number 43 on the Independent Albums chart in the US. Released in February 2009, Homesick charted at number 21 on the Billboard 200 chart and at number 1 on the Independent Albums chart. From the album, only the \"Have Faith in Me\" single charted; at number 40 on the Alternative Songs chart. Second single \"Downfall of Us All\" and album track \"If It Means a Lot to You\" were both certified Gold by the RIAA for 500,000 downloads each. Fourth album What Separates Me from You (2010) debuted at number 11 on the Billboard 200 and its lead single \"All I Want\" peaked at number 12 on the Alternative Songs chart. Fifth album Common Courtesy (2013) was first released only digitally due a legal label dispute; a physical release followed later. The band released their sixth album, Bad Vibrations, in 2016.\n Links: a. And Their Name Was Treason b. All I Want (A Day to Remember song) c. All I Want (A Day to Remember song) d. And Their Name Was Treason", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}414{"query": "Question: Which of the two successful crime television show on NBC was the longest running? Passage:In 1979, Mann wrote a 180-page draft of Heat. He re-wrote it after making Thief in 1981 hoping to find a director to make it and mentioning it publicly in a promotional interview for his 1983 film The Keep. In the late 1980s, he offered the film to his friend, film director Walter Hill, who turned him down. Following the success of Miami Vice and Crime Story, Mann was to produce a new crime television show for NBC. He turned the script that would become Heat into a 90-minute pilot for a television series featuring the Los Angeles Police Department Robbery–Homicide division, featuring Scott Plank in the role of Hanna and Alex McArthur playing the character of Neil McCauley, renamed to Patrick McLaren. The pilot was shot in only nineteen days, atypical for Mann. The script was abridged down to almost a third of its original length, omitting many subplots that made it into Heat. The network was unhappy with Plank as the lead actor, and asked Mann to recast Hanna's role. Mann declined and the show was canceled and the pilot aired on August 27, 1989 as a television film entitled L.A. Takedown. which was later released on VHS and DVD in Europe.\n Links: a. Miami Vice b. Crime Story (American TV series) c. Alex McArthur d. Miami Vice", "pos": "Question: How many episodes were made of the show that Lange returned to television for in 1966? Passage:Lange returned to television for a 1966 role on the series The Fugitive (1963). She starred from 1968 to 1970 on the television series, The Ghost & Mrs. Muir for which she earned two Emmy Awards and a Golden Globe Award nomination. This success was followed by three seasons on The New Dick Van Dyke Show as Dick Van Dyke's wife, Jenny Preston, from 1971 to 1974, after which she declined to return for a fourth season of the show. She also appeared in twelve television movies, one being Crowhaven Farm where she played the role of a witch. In 1977, she returned to the Broadway stage where her acting career had originally begun. She also played the murdered wife of Charles Bronson's vigilante character in Death Wish (1974). In 1985, she appeared in , and in 1986, she took a role as Laura Dern's mother in David Lynch's Blue Velvet. She took a Broadway role in Same Time, Next Year and then made appearances in the television movie based on Danielle Steel's Message from Nam and in Clear and Present Danger (1994).\n Links: a. The Fugitive (TV series) b. Dick Van Dyke c. The Fugitive (TV series) d. The New Dick Van Dyke Show", "neg": "Question: Which of the lead actors in the Heat pilot episode is the oldest? Passage:In 1979, Mann wrote a 180-page draft of Heat. He re-wrote it after making Thief in 1981 hoping to find a director to make it and mentioning it publicly in a promotional interview for his 1983 film The Keep. In the late 1980s, he offered the film to his friend, film director Walter Hill, who turned him down. Following the success of Miami Vice and Crime Story, Mann was to produce a new crime television show for NBC. He turned the script that would become Heat into a 90-minute pilot for a television series featuring the Los Angeles Police Department Robbery–Homicide division, featuring Scott Plank in the role of Hanna and Alex McArthur playing the character of Neil McCauley, renamed to Patrick McLaren. The pilot was shot in only nineteen days, atypical for Mann. The script was abridged down to almost a third of its original length, omitting many subplots that made it into Heat. The network was unhappy with Plank as the lead actor, and asked Mann to recast Hanna's role. Mann declined and the show was canceled and the pilot aired on August 27, 1989 as a television film entitled L.A. Takedown. which was later released on VHS and DVD in Europe.\n Links: a. NBC b. Scott Plank c. Los Angeles Police Department d. L.A. Takedown", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}415{"query": "Question: Did the show that Lange starred in from 1971 to 1974 win any Emmys? Passage:Lange returned to television for a 1966 role on the series The Fugitive (1963). She starred from 1968 to 1970 on the television series, The Ghost & Mrs. Muir for which she earned two Emmy Awards and a Golden Globe Award nomination. This success was followed by three seasons on The New Dick Van Dyke Show as Dick Van Dyke's wife, Jenny Preston, from 1971 to 1974, after which she declined to return for a fourth season of the show. She also appeared in twelve television movies, one being Crowhaven Farm where she played the role of a witch. In 1977, she returned to the Broadway stage where her acting career had originally begun. She also played the murdered wife of Charles Bronson's vigilante character in Death Wish (1974). In 1985, she appeared in , and in 1986, she took a role as Laura Dern's mother in David Lynch's Blue Velvet. She took a Broadway role in Same Time, Next Year and then made appearances in the television movie based on Danielle Steel's Message from Nam and in Clear and Present Danger (1994).\n Links: a. Clear and Present Danger (film) b. The New Dick Van Dyke Show c. The New Dick Van Dyke Show d. The New Dick Van Dyke Show", "pos": "Question: Who was the first guest on Garland's TV series that aired in 1963 and 1964? Passage:Although her film career became intermittent thereafter, two of Garland's most critically acclaimed performances came late in her career: she received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance in A Star Is Born (1954) and a nomination for Best Supporting Actress for her role in Judgment at Nuremberg (1961). She also made record-breaking concert appearances, released eight studio albums, and hosted her own Emmy-nominated television series, The Judy Garland Show (1963–1964). At age 39, Garland became the youngest and first female recipient of the Cecil B. DeMille Award for lifetime achievement in the film industry. In 1997, Garland was posthumously awarded a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. Several of her recordings have been inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame, and in 1999, the American Film Institute placed her among the 10 greatest female stars of classic American cinema.\n Links: a. A Star Is Born (1954 film) b. The Judy Garland Show c. A Star Is Born (1954 film) d. A Star Is Born (1954 film)", "neg": "Question: How many episodes were made of the show that Lange returned to television for in 1966? Passage:Lange returned to television for a 1966 role on the series The Fugitive (1963). She starred from 1968 to 1970 on the television series, The Ghost & Mrs. Muir for which she earned two Emmy Awards and a Golden Globe Award nomination. This success was followed by three seasons on The New Dick Van Dyke Show as Dick Van Dyke's wife, Jenny Preston, from 1971 to 1974, after which she declined to return for a fourth season of the show. She also appeared in twelve television movies, one being Crowhaven Farm where she played the role of a witch. In 1977, she returned to the Broadway stage where her acting career had originally begun. She also played the murdered wife of Charles Bronson's vigilante character in Death Wish (1974). In 1985, she appeared in , and in 1986, she took a role as Laura Dern's mother in David Lynch's Blue Velvet. She took a Broadway role in Same Time, Next Year and then made appearances in the television movie based on Danielle Steel's Message from Nam and in Clear and Present Danger (1994).\n Links: a. The Fugitive (TV series) b. Dick Van Dyke c. The Fugitive (TV series) d. The New Dick Van Dyke Show", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}416{"query": "Question: Which of the two countries where steverdore possibly originated was established first? Passage:The word stevedore originated in Portugal or Spain, and entered the English language through its use by sailors. It started as a phonetic spelling of estivador (Portuguese) or estibador (Spanish), meaning a man who loads ships and stows cargo, which was the original meaning of stevedore (though there is a secondary meaning of \"a man who stuffs\" in Spanish); compare Latin stīpāre meaning to stuff, as in to fill with stuffing. In the United Kingdom, people who load and unload ships are usually called dockers, in Australia dockers or wharfies, while in the United States and Canada the term longshoreman, derived from man-along-the-shore, is used. Before extensive use of container ships and shore-based handling machinery in the United States, longshoremen referred exclusively to the dockworkers, while stevedores, in a separate trade union, worked on the ships, operating ship's cranes and moving cargo. In Canada, the term stevedore has also been used, for example, in the name of the Western Stevedoring Company, Ltd., based in Vancouver, B.C., in the 1950s.\n Links: a. Portugal b. Federated Ship Painters and Dockers Union c. Portugal d. United Kingdom", "pos": "Question: How old was de Houtman when the large Portuguese galleon was captured? Passage:In 1592, during the war with Spain, an English fleet had captured a large Portuguese galleon off the Azores, the Madre de Deus, loaded with 900 tons of merchandise from India and China, worth an estimated half a million pounds (nearly half the size of English Treasury at the time). This foretaste of the riches of the East galvanized interest in the region. That same year, Dutch merchants sent Cornelis de Houtman to Lisbon, to gather as much information as he could about the Spice Islands. In 1595, merchant and explorer Jan Huyghen van Linschoten, having traveled widely in the Indian Ocean at the service of the Portuguese, published a travel report in Amsterdam, the \"Reys-gheschrift vande navigatien der Portugaloysers in Orienten\" (\"Report of a journey through the navigations of the Portuguese in the East\"). The published report included vast directions on how to navigate ships between Portugal and the East Indies and to Japan. Dutch and British interest fed by new information led to a movement of commercial expansion, and the foundation of the English East India Company, in 1600, and Dutch East India Company (VOC), in 1602, allowing the entry of chartered companies in the so-called East Indies.\n Links: a. Cornelis de Houtman b. Amsterdam c. Galleon d. Madre de Deus", "neg": "Question: In which country is the seaport city of Porto located where the wine received its name \"port\"? Passage:Port is produced from grapes grown and processed in the demarcated Douro region. The wine produced is then fortified by the addition of a neutral grape spirit known as aguardente to stop the fermentation, leaving residual sugar in the wine, and to boost the alcohol content. The fortification spirit is sometimes referred to as brandy but it bears little resemblance to commercial brandies. The wine is then stored and aged, often in barrels stored in a Lodge (meaning \"cellar\") as is the case in Vila Nova de Gaia, before being bottled. The wine received its name, \"port\", in the later half of the 17th century from the seaport city of Porto at the mouth of the Douro River, where much of the product was brought to market or for export to other countries in Europe. The Douro valley where port wine is produced was defined and established as a protected region, and the name Douro thus an official appellation, in 1756, making it the third oldest, after Chianti (1716) and Tokaj (1730).\n Links: a. Barrel b. Tokaji c. Vila Nova de Gaia d. Porto", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}417{"query": "Question: On what date did Compton finish third in the race? Passage:In 1997, Compton signed up with a new team, Impact Motorsports, to run the No. 86 Ford F-150 for the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series Rookie of the Year Award. During his initial Truck Series season, Compton had three Top 5 finishes and a 13th-place finish in points, but fell well short of the top rookie award. For the 1998 season, in the third race of the season held at Phoenix International Raceway, Compton won his first career pole position, and finished in third in the race. The next week at Portland Speedway, he led all but two laps and won his first career Truck Series race. He got another win later that season at Heartland Park Topeka. He finished seventh in the final points standings and was named the Most Popular Driver. Compton had high hopes for 1999 season as Impact switched to Dodge Rams and getting a teammate in Randy Tolsma, but he failed to go to victory lane that season, although he did finish fourth in the points. Late that season, Compton began competing in some Winston Cup races for Melling Racing. Soon afterwards, Melling announced that Compton would driver theirNo. 9 Ford Taurus in the Winston Cup Series in 2000 season.\n Links: a. 1998 NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series b. Randy Tolsma c. Melling Racing d. 2000 NASCAR Winston Cup Series", "pos": "Question: Which races did Compton finish in the top 5 during his rookie year? Passage:In 1997, Compton signed up with a new team, Impact Motorsports, to run the No. 86 Ford F-150 for the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series Rookie of the Year Award. During his initial Truck Series season, Compton had three Top 5 finishes and a 13th-place finish in points, but fell well short of the top rookie award. For the 1998 season, in the third race of the season held at Phoenix International Raceway, Compton won his first career pole position, and finished in third in the race. The next week at Portland Speedway, he led all but two laps and won his first career Truck Series race. He got another win later that season at Heartland Park Topeka. He finished seventh in the final points standings and was named the Most Popular Driver. Compton had high hopes for 1999 season as Impact switched to Dodge Rams and getting a teammate in Randy Tolsma, but he failed to go to victory lane that season, although he did finish fourth in the points. Late that season, Compton began competing in some Winston Cup races for Melling Racing. Soon afterwards, Melling announced that Compton would driver theirNo. 9 Ford Taurus in the Winston Cup Series in 2000 season.\n Links: a. 1997 NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series b. Ram Pickup c. 1997 NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series d. Ford Taurus", "neg": "Question: In what month did Compton win his first career Truck Series Race? Passage:In 1997, Compton signed up with a new team, Impact Motorsports, to run the No. 86 Ford F-150 for the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series Rookie of the Year Award. During his initial Truck Series season, Compton had three Top 5 finishes and a 13th-place finish in points, but fell well short of the top rookie award. For the 1998 season, in the third race of the season held at Phoenix International Raceway, Compton won his first career pole position, and finished in third in the race. The next week at Portland Speedway, he led all but two laps and won his first career Truck Series race. He got another win later that season at Heartland Park Topeka. He finished seventh in the final points standings and was named the Most Popular Driver. Compton had high hopes for 1999 season as Impact switched to Dodge Rams and getting a teammate in Randy Tolsma, but he failed to go to victory lane that season, although he did finish fourth in the points. Late that season, Compton began competing in some Winston Cup races for Melling Racing. Soon afterwards, Melling announced that Compton would driver theirNo. 9 Ford Taurus in the Winston Cup Series in 2000 season.\n Links: a. Ford F-Series b. Impact Motorsports c. Impact Motorsports d. 1998 NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}418{"query": "Question: When was the driver Stefan was number two behind at McLaren born? Passage:He was replaced at Ferrari by Austrian Gerhard Berger for and he moved to McLaren as number two driver behind double and reigning World Champion Alain Prost. McLaren weren't as competitive in 1987 as they had been in 1984–1986, with Prost only adding three wins to his tally (and beating the record of 27 Grand Prix wins held by Jackie Stewart with his 28th win in Portugal) and failing to successfully defend his Drivers' Championship. Further podium finishes did follow for the Swede and Johansson finished sixth in the Drivers' Championship. Stefan Johansson's position at McLaren was considered by many as just a stop gap signing by team boss Ron Dennis who had failed to lure Ayrton Senna from Lotus due to him being under contract until the end of 1987 and always intended signing the Brazilian for . Johansson famously finished the 1987 German Grand Prix on three wheels having had a puncture on the last lap. He also finished second behind Prost in Belgium and added further podium finishes in Brazil, Spain and Japan. Despite 11 podiums in three seasons, Johansson was still winless and was not wanted by a top team (he had hoped to join Williams in 1988 as a replacement for the departing 1987 World Champion Nelson Piquet but Williams signed Riccardo Patrese instead). He did return to McLaren in a test-driver capacity in 1991, testing the Honda V12 engine at Suzuka in Japan.\n Links: a. Alain Prost b. 1987 Spanish Grand Prix c. 1987 German Grand Prix d. 1987 Brazilian Grand Prix", "pos": "Question: When was the person who previously had a record of 27 grand prix wins born? Passage:He was replaced at Ferrari by Austrian Gerhard Berger for and he moved to McLaren as number two driver behind double and reigning World Champion Alain Prost. McLaren weren't as competitive in 1987 as they had been in 1984–1986, with Prost only adding three wins to his tally (and beating the record of 27 Grand Prix wins held by Jackie Stewart with his 28th win in Portugal) and failing to successfully defend his Drivers' Championship. Further podium finishes did follow for the Swede and Johansson finished sixth in the Drivers' Championship. Stefan Johansson's position at McLaren was considered by many as just a stop gap signing by team boss Ron Dennis who had failed to lure Ayrton Senna from Lotus due to him being under contract until the end of 1987 and always intended signing the Brazilian for . Johansson famously finished the 1987 German Grand Prix on three wheels having had a puncture on the last lap. He also finished second behind Prost in Belgium and added further podium finishes in Brazil, Spain and Japan. Despite 11 podiums in three seasons, Johansson was still winless and was not wanted by a top team (he had hoped to join Williams in 1988 as a replacement for the departing 1987 World Champion Nelson Piquet but Williams signed Riccardo Patrese instead). He did return to McLaren in a test-driver capacity in 1991, testing the Honda V12 engine at Suzuka in Japan.\n Links: a. Jackie Stewart b. 1987 Belgian Grand Prix c. 1987 Spanish Grand Prix d. 1987 Brazilian Grand Prix", "neg": "Question: When was the country from which a replacement driver for Stefan founded? Passage:He was replaced at Ferrari by Austrian Gerhard Berger for and he moved to McLaren as number two driver behind double and reigning World Champion Alain Prost. McLaren weren't as competitive in 1987 as they had been in 1984–1986, with Prost only adding three wins to his tally (and beating the record of 27 Grand Prix wins held by Jackie Stewart with his 28th win in Portugal) and failing to successfully defend his Drivers' Championship. Further podium finishes did follow for the Swede and Johansson finished sixth in the Drivers' Championship. Stefan Johansson's position at McLaren was considered by many as just a stop gap signing by team boss Ron Dennis who had failed to lure Ayrton Senna from Lotus due to him being under contract until the end of 1987 and always intended signing the Brazilian for . Johansson famously finished the 1987 German Grand Prix on three wheels having had a puncture on the last lap. He also finished second behind Prost in Belgium and added further podium finishes in Brazil, Spain and Japan. Despite 11 podiums in three seasons, Johansson was still winless and was not wanted by a top team (he had hoped to join Williams in 1988 as a replacement for the departing 1987 World Champion Nelson Piquet but Williams signed Riccardo Patrese instead). He did return to McLaren in a test-driver capacity in 1991, testing the Honda V12 engine at Suzuka in Japan.\n Links: a. Gerhard Berger b. Alain Prost c. Austria d. 1987 Japanese Grand Prix", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}419{"query": "Question: Who were the two lead generals of the battle where Dashwood commanded the HMS Norge? Passage:Afterwards Dashwood took eight American merchantmen, and on 15 June 1812, he captured the Hope, a merchant ship off the north of Gothland. On 14 August 1812 he was appointed captain of HMS Cressy of 74 guns, and given a piece of plate by the officers of HMS Pyramus. After serving in the North Sea under Admiral Sir William Young, Dashwood escorted a convoy to the West Indies, whence he returned with another of equal importance. At the review of the fleet at Spithead, in the summer of 1814, he steered the Royal barge. Afterwards he took part, commanding HMS Norge of 74 guns, in the Battle of New Orleans, where he assisted Admiral Pulteney Malcolm in the debarkation of the army, being reported by Sir Alexander Cochrane. He was also present at the Battle of Lake Borgne, where a few gunboats of the Norge, in company with other small vessels, captured five American gunboats. In 1815, when at anchor in Port Royal, his ship was struck by lightning, which broke the main-topgallant-mast in three pieces, shivered the maintop-mast and brought the mizentop-mast and topgallant-mast down on to deck. In 1821 he was given command of HMS Windsor Castle of 74 guns, and HMS Impregnable, of 104 guns, as Cochrane's flag-captain. He recommissioned Windsor Castle on 4 January 1822, as part of the guard-ships in Hamoaze. In 1825 he was put onto half-pay, and was made a rear-admiral on 22 July 1830. He assumed the rank of vice-admiral on 23 November 1841. Charles died while at service, on 21 September 1847. Consequently, on 22 September 1847, the Admiralty promoted him posthumously to the rank of admiral.\n Links: a. Royal barge b. Battle of New Orleans c. Pulteney Malcolm d. Pulteney Malcolm", "pos": "Question: Of all Edmund's commands, which division obtained the most glory in their battles? Passage:During the Second World War Hakewill-Smith initially served as Commanding Officer (CO) of the 5th Battalion, Devonshire Regiment, for several months from May 1940 and from September that year, as the CO of the 4th/5th Battalion, Royal Scots Fusiliers, as an acting lieutenant colonel. He was promoted to temporary brigadier on 30 March 1941, and commanded the 157th Infantry Brigade until late March 1942. He then became Director of Organization at the War Office before assuming command of the 155th Infantry Brigade in mid-February 1943. On 26 December 1943, promoted to temporary major general, he assumed command of the mountain warfare-trained 52nd (Lowland) Infantry Division from Major-General Neil Ritchie as its General Officer Commanding (GOC). He commanded the 52nd Division during the campaign in North-West Europe, from October 1944 until May 1945.\n Links: a. Acting (rank) b. 157th (Highland Light Infantry) Brigade c. 155th (South Scottish) Brigade d. 157th (Highland Light Infantry) Brigade", "neg": "Question: How long was the ship that Dashwood was appointed captain of on August 14th, 1812? Passage:Afterwards Dashwood took eight American merchantmen, and on 15 June 1812, he captured the Hope, a merchant ship off the north of Gothland. On 14 August 1812 he was appointed captain of HMS Cressy of 74 guns, and given a piece of plate by the officers of HMS Pyramus. After serving in the North Sea under Admiral Sir William Young, Dashwood escorted a convoy to the West Indies, whence he returned with another of equal importance. At the review of the fleet at Spithead, in the summer of 1814, he steered the Royal barge. Afterwards he took part, commanding HMS Norge of 74 guns, in the Battle of New Orleans, where he assisted Admiral Pulteney Malcolm in the debarkation of the army, being reported by Sir Alexander Cochrane. He was also present at the Battle of Lake Borgne, where a few gunboats of the Norge, in company with other small vessels, captured five American gunboats. In 1815, when at anchor in Port Royal, his ship was struck by lightning, which broke the main-topgallant-mast in three pieces, shivered the maintop-mast and brought the mizentop-mast and topgallant-mast down on to deck. In 1821 he was given command of HMS Windsor Castle of 74 guns, and HMS Impregnable, of 104 guns, as Cochrane's flag-captain. He recommissioned Windsor Castle on 4 January 1822, as part of the guard-ships in Hamoaze. In 1825 he was put onto half-pay, and was made a rear-admiral on 22 July 1830. He assumed the rank of vice-admiral on 23 November 1841. Charles died while at service, on 21 September 1847. Consequently, on 22 September 1847, the Admiralty promoted him posthumously to the rank of admiral.\n Links: a. Alexander Cochrane b. Spithead c. Battle of Lake Borgne d. Cressy", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}420{"query": "Question: How many athletics participated along with Kifle in his Olympic debut? Passage:Kifle was born in Adi Billai in Eritrea's Debub Region. He made his first international appearance for Eritrea at the age of 21, running in the 3000 metres at the 1999 IAAF World Indoor Championships. He finished in last place and was over twenty seconds behind the rest of the runners. His first international outdoor competition followed later that year and he ran in the heats of the 5000 metres at the 1999 World Championships in Athletics in Seville. In 2000 he came 61st at the 2000 IAAF World Cross Country Championships and made his Olympic debut with a performance in the heats of the 10,000 metres at the 2000 Sydney Olympics. He began to improve from the 2002 season onwards: he was eighth in the long race at the 2000 IAAF World Cross Country Championships, fourth at the 2002 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships with a time of 1:01:05 hours, and came sixth over 5000 m at the 2002 African Championships in Athletics. He also won the Cursa de Bombers 10K in Spain that year.\n Links: a. 2000 Summer Olympics b. 1999 World Championships in Athletics c. Southern Region (Eritrea) d. Southern Region (Eritrea)", "pos": "Question: How old was the athlete who Ndiku overtook at the 2008 World Junior Championships? Passage:Born in Machakos, he began running seriously around 2004 in the hope he could make a living out of the sport. Ndiku made his international debut at the 2007 World Youth Championships in Athletics, coming fourth in the 2000 metres steeplechase event. His technique was poor and his coach, Paul Mutwii, turned to Boniface Teren, the Kenyan national steeplechase coach, for help. Working with Teren, Ndiku's technique over the barriers greatly improved and one year later he won the gold medal at the 2008 World Junior Championships in Athletics, beating Uganda's Benjamin Kiplagat who had built up a sizeable lead in the early stages. Ndiku's winning time of 8:17.28 minutes was enough to rank the 16-year-old in the top 25 athletes in the world that year, as well as being the fastest ever recorded by a youth category athlete. His flat speed also improved, as he won the 1500 metres at the Commonwealth Youth Games that year. He also competed in Japan that year. After signing up with the Hitachi Cable corporate running team, he set track bests of 7:54.04 minutes for the 3000 metres, 13:21.17 minutes for the 5000 metres and 28:08.28 minutes for the 10,000 metres.\n Links: a. Benjamin Kiplagat b. Hitachi Cable c. 2007 World Youth Championships in Athletics d. Athletics at the 2008 Commonwealth Youth Games", "neg": "Question: How many laps around the Olympic track did Kifle make while running heats in his Olympic debut? Passage:Kifle was born in Adi Billai in Eritrea's Debub Region. He made his first international appearance for Eritrea at the age of 21, running in the 3000 metres at the 1999 IAAF World Indoor Championships. He finished in last place and was over twenty seconds behind the rest of the runners. His first international outdoor competition followed later that year and he ran in the heats of the 5000 metres at the 1999 World Championships in Athletics in Seville. In 2000 he came 61st at the 2000 IAAF World Cross Country Championships and made his Olympic debut with a performance in the heats of the 10,000 metres at the 2000 Sydney Olympics. He began to improve from the 2002 season onwards: he was eighth in the long race at the 2000 IAAF World Cross Country Championships, fourth at the 2002 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships with a time of 1:01:05 hours, and came sixth over 5000 m at the 2002 African Championships in Athletics. He also won the Cursa de Bombers 10K in Spain that year.\n Links: a. 2000 IAAF World Cross Country Championships b. 10,000 metres c. 2000 IAAF World Cross Country Championships d. 2000 IAAF World Cross Country Championships", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}421{"query": "Question: When was the academy founded? Passage:He attended schools in Brixen and Innsbruck and served as a nurse during the Franco-Prussian War. In 1871, following his father's wishes, he began studying economics, eventually attending schools in Leipzig, Breisgau and Freiburg, where he was a member of the Corps Suevia Freiburg. His interest in hunting led him to give up his studies and take positions as a game warden and forester, first for the estates of Count Ernst II, then in Schillersdorf, Upper Silesia, for Nathaniel Meyer von Rothschild., but he had to quit due to an illness. After convalescing in Munich an acquaintance, Eduard von Grützner, suggested art as a career, so Pfretzschner studied sculpture with Edmund von Hellmer in Vienna and Ludwig Manzel in Berlin, where he worked from 1891 to 1913, becoming a Professor at the Prussian Academy of Art.\n Links: a. Prussian Academy of Arts b. Freiburg im Breisgau c. Corps Suevia Freiburg d. Prussian Academy of Arts", "pos": "Question: Where was the person Filip worked with in Breslau educated? Passage:He was the son of a merchant, Adolf Abraham Eisenberg, and Ester née Spiro. After finishing Sobieski Gymnasium in Kraków he studied medicine at the Jagiellonian University, where he obtained his PhD in medical studies in 1899. He then conducted postgraduate work in Vienna with Richard Paltauf and between 1901 and 1902 served as a research assistant to Odo Bujwid. Subsequently he worked in Paris, at the Pasteur Institute and then in Wrocław (Breslau) under the direction of Richard Pfeiffer. Between 1919 and 1920 he was the head of a Military Hospital in Warsaw. In 1933 he became the director of the National Bacteriology Station in Kraków, a position he held until 1939. Until 1941 he was the head of the Institute of Medical Microbiology in Lwów (L'viv).\n Links: a. Richard Friedrich Johannes Pfeiffer b. Odo Bujwid c. Jan III Sobieski High School, Kraków d. Vienna", "neg": "Question: Were Freiburg and Leipzig located in the same country? Passage:He attended schools in Brixen and Innsbruck and served as a nurse during the Franco-Prussian War. In 1871, following his father's wishes, he began studying economics, eventually attending schools in Leipzig, Breisgau and Freiburg, where he was a member of the Corps Suevia Freiburg. His interest in hunting led him to give up his studies and take positions as a game warden and forester, first for the estates of Count Ernst II, then in Schillersdorf, Upper Silesia, for Nathaniel Meyer von Rothschild., but he had to quit due to an illness. After convalescing in Munich an acquaintance, Eduard von Grützner, suggested art as a career, so Pfretzschner studied sculpture with Edmund von Hellmer in Vienna and Ludwig Manzel in Berlin, where he worked from 1891 to 1913, becoming a Professor at the Prussian Academy of Art.\n Links: a. Brixen b. Freiburg im Breisgau c. Šilheřovice d. Ludwig Manzel", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}422{"query": "Question: Who was the writer of Richard III? Passage:After leaving the Academy, German continued to teach at Wimbledon School and to play the violin in orchestras at various London theatres, including the Savoy. In 1888, an introduction by conductor Alberto Randegger to theatre manager Richard Mansfield led to German's appointment as conductor and musical director at the Globe Theatre in London. There he improved the orchestra and began providing incidental music for the theatre's lavish productions, starting with Richard III in 1889. This music was well received (The Times called for a concert suite to be arranged), and the overture soon became popular in concert halls. This eventually led to other incidental music commissions that gained success. In 1892, German composed music for a production of Henry Irving's version of Henry VIII at the Lyceum Theatre, London, where he incorporated elements of traditional old English dance. Within a year, sheet music of the dance numbers from the play's score had sold 30,000 copies. German was by then in great demand to write music for plays. His commissions included Henry Arthur Jones's The Tempter in 1893, Johnston Forbes-Robertson's Romeo and Juliet at the Lyceum in 1895, Herbert Beerbohm Tree's productions of As You Like It (1896) and Much Ado about Nothing (1898), and Anthony Hope's English Nell (later known as Nell Gwynn) in 1900, starring Marie Tempest.\n Links: a. Savoy Theatre b. Richard III (play) c. Lyceum Theatre, London d. Henry Irving", "pos": "Question: Who wrote the two Broadway revival that Sullivan appeared in? Passage:On Broadway, Sullivan appeared as Suky Tawdry in the 1989 revival of The Threepenny Opera and as Lorelei Lee in the 1995 revival of Gentlemen Prefer Blondes. She toured in Annie Get Your Gun with Cathy Rigby and also performed in Sugar and Born Yesterday. She, Mark Nadler, and Ruth Leon wrote American Rhapsody: A New Musical Revue, which she and Nadler performed at the off-Broadway Triad Theatre between November 2000 and June 2002. The musical was nominated for the Lucille Lortel Award for Outstanding Musical of 2001 and the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Musical Revue of 2000-2001 and won the MAC Award for Best Musical Revue. She also appeared in the New York City productions A... My Name Is Alice in 1984 and 1992 and Splendora in 1995, and performed in the Musicals Tonight concert presentations of So Long, 174th Street and By the Beautiful Sea in 1999 and Fifty Million Frenchmen in 2006.\n Links: a. A... My Name Is Alice b. The Threepenny Opera c. Sugar (musical) d. By the Beautiful Sea (musical)", "neg": "Question: How many times did Edward German play at the Savoy? Passage:After leaving the Academy, German continued to teach at Wimbledon School and to play the violin in orchestras at various London theatres, including the Savoy. In 1888, an introduction by conductor Alberto Randegger to theatre manager Richard Mansfield led to German's appointment as conductor and musical director at the Globe Theatre in London. There he improved the orchestra and began providing incidental music for the theatre's lavish productions, starting with Richard III in 1889. This music was well received (The Times called for a concert suite to be arranged), and the overture soon became popular in concert halls. This eventually led to other incidental music commissions that gained success. In 1892, German composed music for a production of Henry Irving's version of Henry VIII at the Lyceum Theatre, London, where he incorporated elements of traditional old English dance. Within a year, sheet music of the dance numbers from the play's score had sold 30,000 copies. German was by then in great demand to write music for plays. His commissions included Henry Arthur Jones's The Tempter in 1893, Johnston Forbes-Robertson's Romeo and Juliet at the Lyceum in 1895, Herbert Beerbohm Tree's productions of As You Like It (1896) and Much Ado about Nothing (1898), and Anthony Hope's English Nell (later known as Nell Gwynn) in 1900, starring Marie Tempest.\n Links: a. Richard III (play) b. Romeo and Juliet c. Savoy Theatre d. Savoy Theatre", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}423{"query": "Question: Was the critic who described the film as \"kind of sweet\" born in the same country as the man who praised Tomei's performance? Passage:Film critic Roger Ebert wrote that the film was \"kind of sweet and kind of goofy, and works because its heart is in the right place\". Hal Hinson of The Washington Post said that the film \"is hopelessly syrupy, preposterous and more than a little bit lame, but, still, somehow it got to me\". Vincent Canby of The New York Times, said that the film \"is to the mind what freshly discarded chewing gum is to the sole of a shoe: an irritant that slows movement without any real danger of stopping it\". Entertainment Weekly gave the film a \"B−\" rating and Owen Gleiberman praised Tomei's performance: \"With her flashing dark eyes and libidinous overbite, Tomei is adorable — she looks like a flirtatious bunny rabbit — but what's astonishing is the range of expression that passes over those delectable features\". Rolling Stone magazine's Peter Travers wrote, \"The Rain Man-Dying Young elements in Tom Sierchio's script are pitfalls that Slater dodges with a wonderfully appealing performance. His love scenes with the dazzling Tomei have an uncommon delicacy\". In his review for The New Yorker, Anthony Lane praised Tomei for bringing \"startling high spirits to a dullish role. She snatches moments of happiness out of the air and shares them out to anyone who’s around\". Mike Clark, in his review for USA Today, wrote, \"Director Tony Bill (My Bodyguard) is adept both in the yarn's meticulous buildup and in his handling of the actors\".\n Links: a. Peter Travers b. Roger Ebert c. Roger Ebert d. The Washington Post", "pos": "Question: Was the publication that employed Peter Travers in operation before 1965? Passage:Film critic Roger Ebert wrote that the film was \"kind of sweet and kind of goofy, and works because its heart is in the right place\". Hal Hinson of The Washington Post said that the film \"is hopelessly syrupy, preposterous and more than a little bit lame, but, still, somehow it got to me\". Vincent Canby of The New York Times, said that the film \"is to the mind what freshly discarded chewing gum is to the sole of a shoe: an irritant that slows movement without any real danger of stopping it\". Entertainment Weekly gave the film a \"B−\" rating and Owen Gleiberman praised Tomei's performance: \"With her flashing dark eyes and libidinous overbite, Tomei is adorable — she looks like a flirtatious bunny rabbit — but what's astonishing is the range of expression that passes over those delectable features\". Rolling Stone magazine's Peter Travers wrote, \"The Rain Man-Dying Young elements in Tom Sierchio's script are pitfalls that Slater dodges with a wonderfully appealing performance. His love scenes with the dazzling Tomei have an uncommon delicacy\". In his review for The New Yorker, Anthony Lane praised Tomei for bringing \"startling high spirits to a dullish role. She snatches moments of happiness out of the air and shares them out to anyone who’s around\". Mike Clark, in his review for USA Today, wrote, \"Director Tony Bill (My Bodyguard) is adept both in the yarn's meticulous buildup and in his handling of the actors\".\n Links: a. Peter Travers b. Rolling Stone c. Peter Travers d. The New York Times", "neg": "Question: Were the two films that Travers references directed by the same person? Passage:Film critic Roger Ebert wrote that the film was \"kind of sweet and kind of goofy, and works because its heart is in the right place\". Hal Hinson of The Washington Post said that the film \"is hopelessly syrupy, preposterous and more than a little bit lame, but, still, somehow it got to me\". Vincent Canby of The New York Times, said that the film \"is to the mind what freshly discarded chewing gum is to the sole of a shoe: an irritant that slows movement without any real danger of stopping it\". Entertainment Weekly gave the film a \"B−\" rating and Owen Gleiberman praised Tomei's performance: \"With her flashing dark eyes and libidinous overbite, Tomei is adorable — she looks like a flirtatious bunny rabbit — but what's astonishing is the range of expression that passes over those delectable features\". Rolling Stone magazine's Peter Travers wrote, \"The Rain Man-Dying Young elements in Tom Sierchio's script are pitfalls that Slater dodges with a wonderfully appealing performance. His love scenes with the dazzling Tomei have an uncommon delicacy\". In his review for The New Yorker, Anthony Lane praised Tomei for bringing \"startling high spirits to a dullish role. She snatches moments of happiness out of the air and shares them out to anyone who’s around\". Mike Clark, in his review for USA Today, wrote, \"Director Tony Bill (My Bodyguard) is adept both in the yarn's meticulous buildup and in his handling of the actors\".\n Links: a. The New York Times b. Anthony Lane c. Rolling Stone d. Rain Man", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}424{"query": "Question: Which city did Andre come to the aid of the Boss Man? Passage:His on-air return finally took place at the WWF's Super-Stars & Stripes Forever USA Network special on March 17, 1991, when he came out to shake the hand of The Big Boss Man after an altercation with Mr. Perfect. The following week, at WrestleMania VII, he came to the aid of the Boss Man in his match against Mr. Perfect. Roussimoff finally returned to action on April 26, 1991, in a six-man tag-team matchup when he teamed with the Rockers in a winning effort against Mr. Fuji and the Orient Express at a house show in Belfast, Northern Ireland. On May 10 he participated in a 17-man battle-royal at a house show in Detroit. (won by Kerry Von Erich) Making it his last WWF match. His last major WWF storyline following WrestleMania VII had the major heel managers (Bobby Heenan, Sensational Sherri, Slick, and Mr. Fuji) trying to recruit Roussimoff one-by-one, only to be turned down in various humiliating ways (e.g. Heenan had his hand crushed, Sherri received a spanking, Slick got locked in the trunk of the car he was offering to Roussimoff and Mr. Fuji got a pie in his face). Finally, Jimmy Hart appeared live on WWF Superstars to announce that he had successfully signed Roussimoff to tag-team with Earthquake. However, when asked to confirm this by Gene Okerlund, Roussimoff denied the claims. This led to Earthquake's attacking Roussimoff from behind (injuring his knee). Jimmy Hart would later get revenge for the humiliation by secretly signing Tugboat and forming the Natural Disasters. This led to Roussimoff's final major WWF appearance at SummerSlam '91, where he seconded the Bushwhackers in their match against the Disasters. Roussimoff was on crutches at ringside, and after the Disasters won the match, they set out to attack him, but the Legion of Doom made their way to ringside and got in between them and the Giant, who was preparing to defend himself with one of his crutches. The Disasters left the ringside area as they were outnumbered by the Legion of Doom, the Bushwhackers and Roussimoff, who struck both Earthquake and Typhoon (the former Tugboat) with the crutch as they left. His final WWF appearance came at a house show in Paris, France, on October 9. He was in Davey Boy Smith's corner as the Bulldog faced Earthquake. Davey Boy hit Earthquake with Roussimoff's crutch, allowing Smith to win.\n Links: a. The Natural Disasters b. Big Boss Man (wrestler) c. WrestleMania VII d. Jimmy Hart", "pos": "Question: How old was the current NWA World Champion in the first Starrcade? Passage:Kiniski remained involved in the sport for a few more years, teaming periodically with his sons, Kelly and Nick, refereeing the main event of the inaugural NWA Starrcade (Ric Flair vs. NWA World Champion Harley Race in a steel cage) in 1983, and later promoting events for Stampede Wrestling and the AWA in Vancouver while occasionally stepping into the ring. His final matches as an active wrestler took place in Winnipeg's West Four Wrestling Alliance on February 25, 1992, defeating \"Bulldog\" Bob Brown, Bob Ryan and Randy Rudd in singles matches, teaming with Chris Jericho and Lance Storm to battle Brown, The Natural and Gerry Morrow to a no-contest in a six-man match, and being the last man eliminated by Morrow in a battle royal to fill the vacant WFWA Canadian Heavyweight Championship at a WFWA TV taping in Winnipeg. He acted as the cornerman for Dory Funk Jr. in a match between Funk and Nick Bockwinkel (with Verne Gagne) at Slamboree 1993. He was inducted into the Wrestling Observer Newsletter Hall of Fame in 1996, and into the Tragos/Thesz Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame in Newton, Iowa in 2004. In 2000, he was the interim president (commissioner) of All Japan Pro Wrestling's Pacific Wrestling Federation title governing body, but only while they searched for a permanent replacement for Lord James Blears and to present the vacant Triple Crown Heavyweight Championship to the winner of a tournament. The winner turned out to be Genichiro Tenryu; Kiniski left thereafter, and in 2001 the permanent PWF president was announced as Stan Hansen, who had competed in the tournament and lost to Tenryu in the semifinals.\n Links: a. All Japan Pro Wrestling b. All Japan Pro Wrestling c. Harley Race d. Chris Jericho", "neg": "Question: What state is the arena where Morton and Gibson defeated the brothers on November 28? Passage:Fearing that his self-proclaimed sex appeal with women was being threatened by Morton, NWA Champion Ric Flair began a feud with Morton in 1986. In the spring of that year, Morton was having an interview at ringside when Flair came onto the set and insulted Morton's fans (who consisted mostly of tween girls) by calling them \"teenyboppers in their training bras.\" He gave Morton a training bra as a \"gift from one of Flair's girlfriends\" and told Morton that he couldn't handle real, grown-up women. In response, Morton stomped on Flair's sunglasses. This led to a fight and then a series of matches, the most notable being their Steel Cage match at the 1986 Great American Bash. To help build Morton as a serious title contender, it was pointed out that he once went to a one-hour draw with then-AWA Champion Nick Bockwinkel. Morton never won the title but he proved that he was of the same caliber as Flair was in the ring. At one point in the feud with Flair, after a six-man tag team elimination match in which Morton pinned Flair to become the winner, Flair and the other three Four Horsemen invaded the Rock 'n' Roll Express' dressing room and attacked Morton, rubbing his face on the concrete floor, causing a grotesque-looking facial injury. They also broke his nose in another attack. Horsemen member Arn Anderson would also make fun of Morton, calling him \"Punky Morton,\" which was a play on the popular 1980s sitcom Punky Brewster. The term used to belittle Morton backfired when fans began to use it as a term of endearment. Morton and Gibson won the title back from the Midnight Express and feuded with Ole and Arn Anderson for the rest of the year. They culminated this feud with a win over the Andersons in a cage match at Starrcade on November 28. This victory started the Horsemen's dissatisfaction with Ole, who was kicked out of the stable just months later. Morton and Gibson then lost the title to Rick Rude and Manny Fernandez on December 6, 1986, whom they feuded with from December 1986 to June 1987. When Rude left for the World Wrestling Federation, the title was given back to the Rock & Roll Express, with the explanation that they won the title accompanied by footage of a prior non-title match won by the Rock & Roll Express where they pinned the champions.\n Links: a. Starrcade (1986) b. Rick Rude c. The Four Horsemen (professional wrestling) d. Manny Fernandez (wrestler)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}425{"query": "Question: How many average monthly viewers did ESPN2 have when it aired the Canadiens last game? Passage:On March 11, 1996, the Montreal Canadiens played their last game at the Montreal Forum, defeating the Dallas Stars 4-1. The game was televised on TSN and TQS in Canada, and on ESPN2 in the United States. The Stars' Guy Carbonneau, who had captained the Canadiens from 1989 to 1994 (including their 1993 Cup win), took the ceremonial opening faceoff. After the game, many previous hockey greats were presented to the crowd, most notably Maurice Richard (said to be the Canadiens' most beloved player of all time), who received a sixteen-minute standing ovation from the crowd as he broke down in tears. A symbolic torch—representative of a line quoted from the poem In Flanders Fields, \"To you from failing hands we throw the torch; be yours to hold it high,\" displayed in the Forum's home dressing room—was carried by Emile Bouchard out of the Canadiens dressing room to the playing surface. The flaming torch was passed on to each of the former Canadiens captains (Jean Beliveau, Yvan Cournoyer, Henri Richard, Serge Savard, Bob Gainey, and Carbonneau), and finally to the then-current captain Pierre Turgeon. The next day, a parade was organized in which the torch was carried down the route to the Molson Centre (which has since been renamed the Bell Centre). Their first game at the new venue was against the New York Rangers, a game which the Canadiens won.\n Links: a. ESPN2 b. The Sports Network c. Émile Bouchard d. ESPN2", "pos": "Question: Which team eventually won the playoff between the Calgary Flames and the Minnesota North Stars? Passage:With USA's coverage of the 1981 Stanley Cup Playoffs, it marked the first time that there was \"blanket\" American television coverage of the NHL playoffs. In other words, more often than not that, whenever a game was played it was televised on a national outlet (whether it was broadcast or cable). USA however, didn't televise Game 1 of the playoff series between Philadelphia Flyers and Calgary Flames (April 16) because they were instead broadcasting a baseball game between the Pittsburgh Pirates and Philadelphia Phillies. Meanwhile, they also skipped Games 2–6 (on April 17, 22 and 24) of the Philadelphia–Calgary series because of their coverage of the NBA playoffs. USA also didn't televise Games 2 and 5 of the playoff series between the Calgary Flames and Minnesota North Stars (April 30 and May 7 respectively) because of baseball games involving the Minnesota Twins vs. the Boston Red Sox and the Los Angeles Dodgers vs. the Philadelphia Phillies respectively.\n Links: a. 1980–81 Calgary Flames season b. 1980–81 Calgary Flames season c. 1981 NBA playoffs d. 1980–81 Minnesota North Stars season", "neg": "Question: How many players did the Dallas Stars have on the team when they played the Montreal Canadiens for the last time? Passage:On March 11, 1996, the Montreal Canadiens played their last game at the Montreal Forum, defeating the Dallas Stars 4-1. The game was televised on TSN and TQS in Canada, and on ESPN2 in the United States. The Stars' Guy Carbonneau, who had captained the Canadiens from 1989 to 1994 (including their 1993 Cup win), took the ceremonial opening faceoff. After the game, many previous hockey greats were presented to the crowd, most notably Maurice Richard (said to be the Canadiens' most beloved player of all time), who received a sixteen-minute standing ovation from the crowd as he broke down in tears. A symbolic torch—representative of a line quoted from the poem In Flanders Fields, \"To you from failing hands we throw the torch; be yours to hold it high,\" displayed in the Forum's home dressing room—was carried by Emile Bouchard out of the Canadiens dressing room to the playing surface. The flaming torch was passed on to each of the former Canadiens captains (Jean Beliveau, Yvan Cournoyer, Henri Richard, Serge Savard, Bob Gainey, and Carbonneau), and finally to the then-current captain Pierre Turgeon. The next day, a parade was organized in which the torch was carried down the route to the Molson Centre (which has since been renamed the Bell Centre). Their first game at the new venue was against the New York Rangers, a game which the Canadiens won.\n Links: a. New York Rangers b. Dallas Stars c. Dallas Stars d. United States", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}426{"query": "Question: How long had the Warriors been a team for the year they signed Ah Mau? Passage:He attended De La Salle College, Mangere East, and started his rugby league career with the Papatoetoe Panthers, later moving to Otahuhu, and playing in Auckland Rugby League competitions. As a member of Otahuhu, Ah Mau played for the Tamaki Titans in the Bartercard Cup. Ah Mau played for the Junior Kiwis in 2006 and the New Zealand under-18 side in 2007. Ah Mau was signed to a developmental contract with the Warriors in 2007. During his first year with the club he played 18 games in the NSWRL Premier League for the Auckland Lions. In 2008 he played in the inaugural season of the Toyota Cup, making 22 appearances for the Junior Warriors. He finished his Toyota Cup career with 40 appearances, 9 tries and 1 goal.\n Links: a. Junior Kiwis b. De La Salle College, Mangere East c. New Zealand Warriors d. New Zealand national rugby league team", "pos": "Question: Did the player the Warriors drafted attend college in California? Passage:The Golden State Warriors last made the NBA Finals in , when they were still in San Francisco. In the years since, they moved to Oakland, briefly lost Rick Barry to the American Basketball Association, and named Warriors great Al Attles as head coach. Before the start of the 1974–75 season they traded future Hall of Famer Nate Thurmond to the Chicago Bulls for young center Clifford Ray. They also drafted Jamaal Wilkes, then known as Keith Wilkes, out of UCLA. With Barry as the offensive leader, and with Attles using a team approach to coaching, the Warriors managed to finish the season atop the Western Conference with 48 wins. In the playoffs, they defeated the Seattle SuperSonics in six games, then eliminated Thurmond and the Bulls in seven games to advance to the Finals.\n Links: a. 1974–75 NBA season b. Golden State Warriors c. UCLA Bruins men's basketball d. Al Attles", "neg": "Question: When was the team Tuqiri last played for founded? Passage:Lote Daulako Tuqiri (born 23 September 1979) is a Fijian-Australian former professional dual-code rugby footballer who last played for the South Sydney Rabbitohs in the NRL. He represented Australia in both rugby league and rugby union, and Fiji in rugby league. He usually played as a winger in both codes. Tuqiri first rose to prominence as a professional rugby league footballer for the Brisbane Broncos and Queensland Maroons, as well as the Fiji and Australia national sides. He was therefore a high-profile signing for rugby union in 2002, winning 67 caps for Australia and being a part of their 2003 and 2007 World Cup squads. He played rugby union for the Waratahs in the Super 14 and Leicester Tigers in England in season 2009–10. Tuqiri's contract with the Australian Rugby Union was terminated on 1 July 2009. No immediate reason was given, and Tuqiri returned to rugby league in 2010, playing for the Wests Tigers of the NRL. In September 2013, he signed a short-term contract with Irish rugby union giants, Leinster to play in the Pro12 in a three-month deal. Just 6 weeks out from the 2014 NRL season, Tuqiri signed with his third NRL club, the South Sydney Rabbitohs on a one-year deal.\n Links: a. Rugby league b. South Sydney Rabbitohs c. South Sydney Rabbitohs d. Wests Tigers", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}427{"query": "Question: Are the Atlanta Silverbacks still a team? Passage:In 1995, Winner turned professional with the Tampa Bay Cyclones of the USISL Pro League. In 1996, he signed with the Columbus Crew of Major League Soccer. Winner spent two seasons with the Crew before being waived on June 1, 1998. In June 1998, he spent time with the New England Revolution. At the beginning of July, he spent a few games as a backup with the Chicago Fire. At the end of July, the Miami Fusion signed Winner to a short-term contract after injuries hit the Fusion goalkeeper corps. He finished the season with the Worcester Wildfire of the USL A-League. On February 7, 1999, the Colorado Rapids selected Winner in the second round (twentieth overall) of the 1999 MLS Supplemental Draft. The Rapids released him, but the Kansas City Wizards signed him in March after Tony Meola and Chris Snitko were both injured during the pre-season. On March 20, 2000, Winner signed with the Connecticut Wolves of the USL A-League. In August 2000, he moved to the Atlanta Silverbacks where he played nine games. On September 4, 2000, the New England Revolution signed him for the remainder of the season. In 2001, Winner joined the Indiana Blast of the USL A-League. In June, the Miami Fusion called him up as a backup goalkeeper.\n Links: a. Connecticut Wolves b. Miami Fusion c. A-League (1995–2004) d. Atlanta Silverbacks FC", "pos": "Question: What country did Aguilar finish high school in? Passage:Aguilar graduated from La Mirada High School. He attended Rio Hondo College for two years, playing on the men's soccer team in 2002 and 2003. He was a 2002 2007 NSCAA/adidas Men’s Junior College Division III All-America. In 2004, Aguilar transferred to the University of San Francisco. He completed his collegiate career in 2005 after winning back-to-back WCC Division I titles with Second and First Team All-WCC awards. In March 2005, Aguilar joined the Ajax Orlando Prospects of the USL Premier Development League. Aguilar was drafted by the California Cougars of Major Indoor Soccer League in March 2006. Aguilar played with the San Francisco Seals. He later played for the Ajax Orlando Prospects. In 2007, he signed with the USL First Division expansion team California Victory. He played nineteen games with the Victory before being traded to the Montreal Impact on July 30, 2007. He then played seven games with the Impact through the end of the 2007 season that includes making the starting squad for the playoffs. He was signed to a 3-year contract extension with the Impact and played through the first half of the 2008 season until an injury caused him to retire early. He currently resides in San Francisco.\n Links: a. Ajax Orlando Prospects b. USL League Two c. California Cougars d. La Mirada High School", "neg": "Question: Was Viborg Ff still operational when Burns earned a place in his first All-Star game? Passage:In 1995, the MLS began an expansion plan to add new teams to the league. In the 1996 MLS Inaugural Allocations, the MLS assigned Burns to the New England Revolution. In August 1995, the MLS loaned out Burns to Danish club Viborg FF. The Revolution retained his rights and Burns returned to play for the Revolution in 1996. In 1998, Burns earned a place in the MLS All-Star game. In the 1999 off-season, he made several attempts to move back to a European club, trying out with clubs such as Utrecht, Bolton and Hearts. None of the clubs expressed interest in him and Burns returned to the Revolution. In June 2000, the Revolution traded Burns, Dan Calichman and a first round draft pick to the San Jose Earthquakes in exchange for Mauricio Wright. Burns finished the 2000 season with the Earthquakes. However, he did not remain with the team and he was traded in March 2001 to the Kansas City Wizards in return for conditional picks in the 2002 MLS SuperDraft. Burns played two seasons with the Wizards, 2001 and 2002. In 2002, he was chosen to play in the 2002 MLS All-Star Game. At the end of the 2002 season, Burns announced his retirement from professional football.\n Links: a. Viborg FF b. 1998 MLS All-Star Game c. Bolton Wanderers F.C. d. 2002 MLS All-Star Game", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}428{"query": "Question: How many major fighting parties were there in the War of the Breton Succession? Passage:Thomas of Woodstock was in command of a large campaign in northern France that followed the War of the Breton Succession of 1343–64. The earlier conflict was marked by the efforts of John IV, Duke of Brittany to secure control of the Duchy of Brittany against his rival Charles of Blois. John was supported in this struggle by the armies of the kingdom of England, whereas Charles was supported by the kingdom of France. At the head of an English army, John prevailed after Charles was killed in battle in 1364, but the French continued to undermine his position, and he was later forced into exile in England. He returned to Brittany in 1379, supported by Breton barons who feared the annexation of Brittany by France. An English army was sent under Woodstock to support his position. Due to concerns about the safety of a longer shipping route to Brittany itself, the army was ferried instead to the English continental stronghold of Calais in July 1380. As Woodstock marched his 5,200 men east of Paris, they were confronted by the army of Philip the Bold, Duke of Burgundy, at Troyes, but the French had learned from the Battle of Crécy in 1346 and the Battle of Poitiers in 1356 not to offer a pitched battle to the English. Eventually, the two armies simply marched away. French defensive operations were then thrown into disarray by the death of King Charles V of France on 16 September 1380. Woodstock's chevauchée continued westwards largely unopposed, and in November 1380 he laid siege to Nantes and its vital bridge over the Loire towards Aquitaine. However, he found himself unable to form an effective stranglehold, and urgent plans were put in place for Sir Thomas Felton to bring 2,000 reinforcements from England. By January, though, it had become apparent that the duke of Brittany was reconciled to the new French king Charles VI, and with the alliance collapsing and dysentery ravaging his men, Woodstock abandoned the siege.\n Links: a. Calais b. Troyes c. War of the Breton Succession d. Charles, Duke of Brittany", "pos": "Question: How many soldiers did the Army of the Eastern Pyrenees lose in the two battles it lost in the first dismal months of fights? Passage:In the first dismal months of fighting, the Army of the Eastern Pyrenees was beaten at Mas Deu and Bellegarde and forced back under the walls of Perpignan. Then the French repelled two Spanish attacks at Perpignan and Peyrestortes. Though the army was defeated again at Truillas and in other actions, the Spanish invaders withdrew to the Tech River in late 1793. Throughout the year the representatives on mission had enormous powers and used them to interfere with the military effort and to arrest officers that they deemed unpatriotic or unsuccessful. In 1794, the army's fortunes improved when Jacques François Dugommier took command. The army drove the Spanish army from France soil at Boulou and recaptured the Fort de Bellegarde and Collioure. After establishing itself on Spanish territory, the army won a decisive victory at the Battle of the Black Mountain in November during which Dugommier was killed. His replacement, Dominique Catherine de Pérignon soon captured the Sant Ferran fortress and the port of Roses. After these events the front became static and the last notable action was a Spanish victory at Bascara in June.\n Links: a. Tech (river) b. Sant Ferran Castle c. Siege of Bellegarde (1793) d. Battle of Mas Deu", "neg": "Question: Besides the Army of Conde, what were the other emigre field armies during the French Revolutionary War? Passage:The Army of Condé () was a French field army during the French Revolutionary Wars. One of several émigré field armies, it was the only one to survive the War of the First Coalition; others had been formed by the Comte d'Artois (brother of King Louis XVI) and Mirabeau-Tonneau. The émigré armies were formed by aristocrats and nobles who had fled from the violence in France after the August Decrees. The army was commanded by Louis Joseph de Bourbon, Prince de Condé, the cousin of Louis XVI of France. Among its members were Condé's grandson, the Duc d'Enghien and the two sons of Louis XVI's younger brother, the Comte d'Artois, and so the army was sometimes also called the Princes' Army.\n Links: a. Armée des émigrés b. Abolition of feudalism in France c. André Boniface Louis Riqueti de Mirabeau d. Louis XVI of France", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}429{"query": "Question: What army did the USS Gunston Hall engage with during the assault on Kwajalein?  Passage:After intensive shakedown along the California coast Gunston Hall prepared to sail for the Western Pacific, where she was to participate in every major operation from February 1944 to the end of the war, 18 months later. Loading 225 men from the 4th Marine Tank Battalion and 2 amphibious units, as well as 15 LVTs, 15 tanks, 17 LCMs, and 15,000 gallons of gasoline, Gunston Hall departed San Diego on 13 January 1944. On D-Day for the assault on Kwajalein, 1 February 1944, she stood offshore to unload her cargo as the Marines stormed the beaches on Roi and Namur Islands. Gunston Hall remained in the area to repair small craft until 6 February, when she reembarked her former passengers and equipment and sailed to Guadalcanal via Funa Futi. The pattern she set here held for her participation in eight further key invasion efforts in the Pacific as the Navy \"Island-hopped\" marines and Army troops ever closer to the Japanese home islands.\n Links: a. Battle of Kwajalein b. Landing Craft Mechanized c. Landing Vehicle Tracked d. Tank", "pos": "Question: When did the invasion start of the destination Task Force 38 was going to? Passage:Flint reported to the 3rd Fleet for duty at Ulithi on 27 December 1944, and six days later, sailed with Task Force 38 (TF 38) for a month-long cruise in support of the invasion of Luzon. She screened aircraft carriers as they launched strikes on Luzon, Taiwan, and the China coast, and fired protective anti-aircraft cover during a Japanese kamikaze attack on 21 January 1945. Replenishing at Ulithi from 26 January to 10 February, Flint then sailed with newly designated TF 38 for air strikes on Tokyo preceding the attack on Iwo Jima. Her force arrived off Iwo Jima on 21 February to provide anti-aircraft cover for the Marines who had landed two days previously, and Flint returned to Ulithi 12 March for a brief 2 days of replenishment.\n Links: a. Luzon b. United States Third Fleet c. Kamikaze d. China", "neg": "Question: Which country had control over Saipan when Yamagumo arrived as an escort? Passage:At the time of the attack on Pearl Harbor, Yamagumo, under the command of Lieutenant Commander Yasuji Koga, was flagship of the 3rd Special Attack Force in the invasion of the Philippines, covering landings at Camiguin Island and Lingayen. However, on 31 December, she suffered severe damage after striking a Japanese naval mine. She was towed to Hong Kong for repairs in early February, and then limped to Yokosuka Naval Arsenal by 7 April. She remained under repair until 15 May 1942 but remained based at Yokosuka through the end of August 1942. She made one escort mission to Saipan at the end of December 1942. In February 1943, while attempting to escort Tatsuta Maru to Truk, she was unable to prevent the former luxury liner from being torpedoed by the submarine with the loss of 1,400 lives just east-southeast of Mikurajima.\n Links: a. Yokosuka Naval Arsenal b. Saipan c. Tatsuta Maru d. Tatsuta Maru", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}430{"query": "Question: Which of the two rock musicians that appeared in \"The Secret Policeman's Ball\" recorded an album first? Passage:Ball co-founder Cleese and Jones had an involvement (as performer, writer or director) in all four Amnesty benefit shows, Palin in three, Chapman in two, and Gilliam in one. Idle did not participate in the Amnesty shows. Notwithstanding Idle's lack of participation, the other five members (together with \"Associate Pythons\" Carol Cleveland and Neil Innes) all appeared together in the first Secret Policeman's Ball benefit—the 1976 A Poke in the Eye held at Her Majesty's Theatre in London's West End—where they performed several Python sketches. In this first show, they were collectively billed as Monty Python. Peter Cook deputised for the errant Idle in a courtroom sketch. In the next three shows, the participating Python members performed many Python sketches, but were billed under their individual names rather than under the collective Python banner. The second show featured newcomer Rowan Atkinson and Scottish comedian Billy Connolly. The Secret Policeman's Ball were the first stage shows in the UK to present comedic performers (such as Monty Python and Rowan Atkinson) in the same setting and shows as their contemporaries in rock music (which included Eric Clapton, Sting and Phil Collins). After a six-year break, Amnesty resumed producing Secret Policeman's Ball benefit shows which were held at the London Palladium in 1987 (sometimes with, and sometimes without, variants of the iconic title) and by 2006 had presented a total of 12 such shows. The shows since 1987 have featured newer generations of British comedic performers, such as Stephen Fry, Hugh Laurie, and puppets from the satirical TV show Spitting Image, with many attributing their participation in the show to their desire to emulate the Python's pioneering work for Amnesty. Cleese and Palin made a brief cameo appearance in the 1989 Amnesty show; apart from that, the Pythons have not appeared in shows after the first four.\"\n Links: a. A Poke in the Eye (With a Sharp Stick) b. Eric Clapton c. Eric Clapton d. Rowan Atkinson", "pos": "Question: Which of the two record companies that Haworth released solo albums for was formed first? Passage:The Fleur de Lys (initially Les Fleur de Lys [sic]) were a British band originally formed in late 1964, in Southampton, Hampshire, England. They recorded singles beginning in 1965 in the transitional Beat to psychedelic music genre, later known as freakbeat. The band had varied line-ups; only drummer Keith Guster was a member throughout their history. They finally disbanded in 1969. Keyboardist Pete Sears went on to play with Sam Gopal Dream, and recorded on four early Rod Stewart albums including \"Every Picture Tells a Story\", and was a founding member of Jefferson Starship, going on to playing with Hot Tuna for ten years, and working with artists like John Lee Hooker, Dr. John, and Harvey Mandel, . Bassist Gordon Haskell would eventually replace Greg Lake in King Crimson before going on a successful solo career. Guitarist Bryn Haworth would move to the States and record an unreleased album under the name Wolfgang with a band including acclaimed bassist Leland Sklar. He would record solo albums in the 1970s for Island Records and A&M Records, before continuing his solo career on Contemporary Christian Music labels. \n Links: a. Hampshire b. Island Records c. Gordon Haskell d. Hampshire", "neg": "Question: Which of the two writers of The American Band's greatest single was born first? Passage:The group was formed in Cicero, Illinois, United States, as Gary & The Knight Lites. The founding members included Gary Loizzo (vocals and guitar), Charles Colbert, Jr. (bass guitar and vocals), Al Ciner (guitar and vocals), and Jim Michalak (drums). Early releases included- \"I'm Glad She's Mine,\" \"I Don't Need Your Help,\" \"Will You Go Steady,\" \"Take Me Back,\" among others. The group's greatest success as \"The American Breed\" was the single, \"Bend Me, Shape Me\", which reached number five on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart in 1968. The song, written by Scott English and Larry Weiss, had previously been recorded by an all-female band known as the Shape and had been a hit on the UK Singles Chart for the British group Amen Corner. It had also been recorded by The Outsiders after they had reached the top ten with \"Time Won't Let Me\" in 1966. Contributing to the success of the American Breed's version of \"Bend Me, Shape Me\" was the excellent arrangement of the song by the band's record producer, Bill Traut, who added horns among other changes. The group also appeared on the 16 December 1967 episode of the television show American Bandstand, along with Pink Floyd.\n Links: a. Bend Me, Shape Me b. Larry Weiss c. Scott English d. Scott English", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}431{"query": "Question: What film won the Grand Prix at the Tokyo International Film Festival in 2003? Passage:Till Schauder wrote and directed his first feature film, Strong Shit, at age 25 while still enrolled at the University for Television and Film Munich. The film, which stars German actor Sebastian Bezzel, tells the story of four drifting youngsters after the fall of the Berlin Wall. Strong Shit won the Max Ophuels Film Festival Jury Award in 1997. His second film, Santa Smokes, which he co-wrote, co-directed, and stars in won the Best Director Award at the Tokyo International Film Festival in 2003 and was nominated for the Grand Prix at the Tokyo International Film Festival in 2003. The film’s female co-star Kristy Jean Hulslander won the Best Actress Award at the Tokyo International Film Festival in 2003. His third film, Duke’s House, starring Lars Rudolph, is a docu-drama about Duke Ellington’s former Harlem home, premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival in 2003. After his acting debut in Santa Smokes Schauder appeared as an actor in the HBO series Mildred Pierce, which was directed by Todd Haynes and stars Kate Winslet. He also appeared in a nationwide American Express commercial in 2008.\n Links: a. Tribeca Film Festival b. American Express c. Tokyo International Film Festival d. Mildred Pierce (miniseries)", "pos": "Question: Which film won the US Narrative Competition award at the festival Mapplethorpe was named runner-up in? Passage:He was then cast as Edward Mapplethorpe in the 2018 biographical drama film Mapplethorpe, which follows the life of New York photographer Robert Mapplethorpe. It screened at Tribeca Film Festival in 2018 where it was named a Runner-up in the U.S. Narrative Competition section. Sklenar received positive critical acclaim from multiple media outlets for his performance in Mapplethorpe, including from Boy Culture who praised him for \"[having] maximum impact in [his] psychologically charged scenes with [Matt] Smith\" and Screen Daily who said:\"As the brother and photographer Edward Mapplethorpe, who Robert [Mapplethorpe] forced to change his name, Brandon Sklenar is a fragile mix of awe and fear.\" He appeared in the 2018 biographical drama film Vice, opposite Amy Adams, Steve Carell, Christian Bale and Sam Rockwell. The film explores the life of politician Dick Cheney and is directed by Academy Award-winner Adam McKay. Sklenar will appear in Amir Naderi's upcoming film Magic Lantern, in addition to films The Last Room and Glass Jaw. In June 2018, Sklenar was also cast in the independent drama film Indigo Valley, which is based on director Jaclyn's Bethany's short film of the same name. That same year, Sklenar was cast in a lead role in London Calling, a noir crime thriller that weaves the British gangster genre with the American western, opposite Ron Perlman, Malcolm McDowell, Nicholas Braun and Leven Rambin.\n Links: a. Robert Mapplethorpe b. Amir Naderi c. Tribeca Film Festival d. Amy Adams", "neg": "Question: What country did Shauder write his feature film in? Passage:Till Schauder wrote and directed his first feature film, Strong Shit, at age 25 while still enrolled at the University for Television and Film Munich. The film, which stars German actor Sebastian Bezzel, tells the story of four drifting youngsters after the fall of the Berlin Wall. Strong Shit won the Max Ophuels Film Festival Jury Award in 1997. His second film, Santa Smokes, which he co-wrote, co-directed, and stars in won the Best Director Award at the Tokyo International Film Festival in 2003 and was nominated for the Grand Prix at the Tokyo International Film Festival in 2003. The film’s female co-star Kristy Jean Hulslander won the Best Actress Award at the Tokyo International Film Festival in 2003. His third film, Duke’s House, starring Lars Rudolph, is a docu-drama about Duke Ellington’s former Harlem home, premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival in 2003. After his acting debut in Santa Smokes Schauder appeared as an actor in the HBO series Mildred Pierce, which was directed by Todd Haynes and stars Kate Winslet. He also appeared in a nationwide American Express commercial in 2008.\n Links: a. University of Television and Film Munich b. Tribeca Film Festival c. Todd Haynes d. Tokyo International Film Festival", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}432{"query": "Question: Which professor who were Walker's mentors at Spelman was born first? Passage:As the schools in Eatonton were segregated, Walker attended the only high school available to blacks: Butler Baker High School. She went there to become valedictorian and enrolled in Spelman College in 1961 after being granted a full scholarship by the state of Georgia for having the highest academic achievements of her class. She found two of her professors, Howard Zinn and Staughton Lynd, to be great mentors during her time at Spelman, but both were transferred two years later. Walker was offered another scholarship, this time from Sarah Lawrence College in New York, and after the firing of her Spelman professor, Howard Zinn, Walker accepted the offer. Walker became pregnant at the start of her senior year and had an abortion; this experience, as well as the bout of suicidal thoughts that followed, inspired much of the poetry found in Once, Walker's first collection of poetry. Walker graduated from Sarah Lawrence in 1965.\n Links: a. Howard Zinn b. Valedictorian c. Spelman College d. Staughton Lynd", "pos": "Question: Which college that offered Walker a scholarship is the oldest? Passage:As the schools in Eatonton were segregated, Walker attended the only high school available to blacks: Butler Baker High School. She went there to become valedictorian and enrolled in Spelman College in 1961 after being granted a full scholarship by the state of Georgia for having the highest academic achievements of her class. She found two of her professors, Howard Zinn and Staughton Lynd, to be great mentors during her time at Spelman, but both were transferred two years later. Walker was offered another scholarship, this time from Sarah Lawrence College in New York, and after the firing of her Spelman professor, Howard Zinn, Walker accepted the offer. Walker became pregnant at the start of her senior year and had an abortion; this experience, as well as the bout of suicidal thoughts that followed, inspired much of the poetry found in Once, Walker's first collection of poetry. Walker graduated from Sarah Lawrence in 1965.\n Links: a. Spelman College b. Georgia (U.S. state) c. New York (state) d. Spelman College", "neg": "Question: In what cities did Stasko receive post high school instruction? Passage:Nicolette Stasko was born in Johnstown, Pennsylvania to Polish and Hungarian parents. She completed a BA with honours in English at Pennsylvania State University and an MA in education at Lehigh University then taught in special education. Marrying an Australian in 1978 she travelled in Europe and Asia settling in Perth, Western Australia where she taught at Perth Modern School. She separated from her husband, meeting the writer David Brooks with whom she has a daughter. In 1986 they moved to Brisbane where she taught and edited The Phoenix Review. During this period she began writing in earnest and had her first poetry published in Australia in the journal Hecate.\n Links: a. Bachelor of Arts b. Brisbane c. Asia d. Pennsylvania State University", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}433{"query": "Question: Which of the two film scores released in the 1990s had better sales? Passage:In 1985, he founded his own recording studio—the wonder station. Their collaboration has invited comparisons to the collaborations of Steven Spielberg and John Williams. This big break led to Hisaishi's overwhelming success as a composer of film scores. In 1986, , would be the first feature to appear under the Studio Ghibli banner, and its gentle, faintly melancholic tone would become a familiar trademark of much of the studio's later output. And later, in the 1990s, Porco Rosso and Princess Mononoke were released. As Hisaishi strengthened his reputation as one of the budding anime industry's top musical contributors, his compositions (including eight theatrical films and one OAV) would proceed to become some of the very hallmarks of early anime in the 1980s and 1990s. Hisaishi also composed for such TV and movie hits as Sasuga no Sarutobi, Two Down Full Base, Tonde Mon Pe and the anime Tekuno porisu 21C (all 1982), Sasuraiger (1983), Futari Taka (1984), (1985) and Oz no mahôtsukai (1986). He also scored the sci-fi adventure series Mospeada (1983), which was later reworked (without his music) into the third segment of Carl Macek's compilation, Robotech. Other films he scored included Mobile Suit Gundam Movie II: Soldiers of Sorrow (1981), Mobile Suit Gundam Movie III: Encounters in Space, (1982), Birth (Bâsu) (1984), Arion (1986), Robot Carnival (1987), Totoro (1988), Crest of the Royal Family and Maison Ikkoku – Apartment Fantasy (both 1988), Venus Wars (1989), Kiki's Delivery Service (1989), Porco Rosso (1992) and Ocean Heaven (2010). He also did theme song arrangements and composed other anime opening, closing, and insert title theme songs such as Mahō Shōjo Lalabel (1980), Hello! Sandybell (1981), Meiken Jolie (1981), Voltron (1981), Ai Shite Knight (1983), Creamy Mami, the Magic Angel: Curtain Call (1986), and  (1988).\n Links: a. Kiki's Delivery Service b. Robotech c. Anime d. Porco Rosso", "pos": "Question: Which of the movies Bob Givens worked on in the early 1980s had a better reception? Passage:Givens followed most of the Warner Bros. staffers to new studio DePatie–Freleng Enterprises, while also working with Jones once more on the Tom and Jerry cartoons produced by Jones at Sib Tower 12 Productions. He continued his Looney Tunes association by working at the Warner Bros.-Seven Arts cartoon studio in the late 1960s, remaining with that studio until it shut down. Further spells at DePatie–Freleng and Hanna-Barbera followed during the 1970s, before working at the reformed Warner Bros. Animation studio on Friz Freleng's Looney Looney Looney Bugs Bunny Movie (1981),  (1982) and Daffy Duck's Movie: Fantastic Island (1983). He then had spells at Filmation (whose founder, Lou Scheimer had actually worked under Givens when the two were freelancers in the 1950s) and Film Roman.\n Links: a. Filmation b. Film Roman c. Warner Bros.-Seven Arts d. The Looney Looney Looney Bugs Bunny Movie", "neg": "Question: Which of the films Hisaishi scored in the 1980s did best at the box office? Passage:In 1985, he founded his own recording studio—the wonder station. Their collaboration has invited comparisons to the collaborations of Steven Spielberg and John Williams. This big break led to Hisaishi's overwhelming success as a composer of film scores. In 1986, , would be the first feature to appear under the Studio Ghibli banner, and its gentle, faintly melancholic tone would become a familiar trademark of much of the studio's later output. And later, in the 1990s, Porco Rosso and Princess Mononoke were released. As Hisaishi strengthened his reputation as one of the budding anime industry's top musical contributors, his compositions (including eight theatrical films and one OAV) would proceed to become some of the very hallmarks of early anime in the 1980s and 1990s. Hisaishi also composed for such TV and movie hits as Sasuga no Sarutobi, Two Down Full Base, Tonde Mon Pe and the anime Tekuno porisu 21C (all 1982), Sasuraiger (1983), Futari Taka (1984), (1985) and Oz no mahôtsukai (1986). He also scored the sci-fi adventure series Mospeada (1983), which was later reworked (without his music) into the third segment of Carl Macek's compilation, Robotech. Other films he scored included Mobile Suit Gundam Movie II: Soldiers of Sorrow (1981), Mobile Suit Gundam Movie III: Encounters in Space, (1982), Birth (Bâsu) (1984), Arion (1986), Robot Carnival (1987), Totoro (1988), Crest of the Royal Family and Maison Ikkoku – Apartment Fantasy (both 1988), Venus Wars (1989), Kiki's Delivery Service (1989), Porco Rosso (1992) and Ocean Heaven (2010). He also did theme song arrangements and composed other anime opening, closing, and insert title theme songs such as Mahō Shōjo Lalabel (1980), Hello! Sandybell (1981), Meiken Jolie (1981), Voltron (1981), Ai Shite Knight (1983), Creamy Mami, the Magic Angel: Curtain Call (1986), and  (1988).\n Links: a. Mobile Suit Gundam b. Kiki's Delivery Service c. Ocean Heaven d. Futari Daka", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}434{"query": "Question: Who won the award given to José in 2010 five years previous? Passage:Théodore's play did not see much improvement the following season, in 2006–07, as he lost the starting role to Budaj with a 13–15–1 record, 3.26 GAA and .891 save percentage. He saw a resurgence in 2007–08 and resumed the starting role with a 2.40 GAA and .910 save percentage. On July 1, 2008, he parted ways with the Avalanche in the off-season and signed a two-year, $9 million contract with the Washington Capitals. He replaced long-time Capitals starter Olaf Kölzig and the previous season's acquisition (as well as former Canadiens teammate) Cristobal Huet, both having departed in free agency. Joining a team that featured young talents Alexander Semin, Nicklas Bäckström, Mike Green and Alexander Ovechkin, Théodore helped lead the Capitals to a division title and entered the 2009 playoffs as the second seed. However, after allowing four goals in a Game 1 loss to the New York Rangers in the opening round, he was pulled in favour of backup Semyon Varlamov. In 2010, Théodore had a 30–7–7 record and tied a Capitals franchise record for consecutive wins (10) and ended the season on a 20–0–4 streak. He started the playoffs but was pulled in Game 2 and replaced again by Varlamov. Théodore did not play any more games as the Capitals were eliminated in seven games in the first round of playoffs, as Jaroslav Halák and the Montreal Canadiens won three consecutive games to overcome a 3–1 deficit to win the series four games to three. Théodore won the Bill Masterton Memorial Trophy in 2010.\n Links: a. Montreal Canadiens b. Bill Masterton Memorial Trophy c. Washington Capitals d. Olaf Kölzig", "pos": "Question: Who is the current owner of the team Théodore signed a multi-million dollar contract with? Passage:Théodore's play did not see much improvement the following season, in 2006–07, as he lost the starting role to Budaj with a 13–15–1 record, 3.26 GAA and .891 save percentage. He saw a resurgence in 2007–08 and resumed the starting role with a 2.40 GAA and .910 save percentage. On July 1, 2008, he parted ways with the Avalanche in the off-season and signed a two-year, $9 million contract with the Washington Capitals. He replaced long-time Capitals starter Olaf Kölzig and the previous season's acquisition (as well as former Canadiens teammate) Cristobal Huet, both having departed in free agency. Joining a team that featured young talents Alexander Semin, Nicklas Bäckström, Mike Green and Alexander Ovechkin, Théodore helped lead the Capitals to a division title and entered the 2009 playoffs as the second seed. However, after allowing four goals in a Game 1 loss to the New York Rangers in the opening round, he was pulled in favour of backup Semyon Varlamov. In 2010, Théodore had a 30–7–7 record and tied a Capitals franchise record for consecutive wins (10) and ended the season on a 20–0–4 streak. He started the playoffs but was pulled in Game 2 and replaced again by Varlamov. Théodore did not play any more games as the Capitals were eliminated in seven games in the first round of playoffs, as Jaroslav Halák and the Montreal Canadiens won three consecutive games to overcome a 3–1 deficit to win the series four games to three. Théodore won the Bill Masterton Memorial Trophy in 2010.\n Links: a. Mike Green (ice hockey, born 1985) b. Washington Capitals c. 2006–07 NHL season d. Semyon Varlamov", "neg": "Question: Which player won the 2015 NHL All-Star Game MVP? Passage:During the 2014–15 season, Kane emerged as one of the NHL's leading scorers. He was elected to the 2015 NHL All-Star Game in Columbus, Ohio. He scored 64 points (27 goals and 37 assists) through the regular season. He injured his left clavicle on February 24, 2015, after he was cross-checked into the boards while stumbling towards the ice by Alex Petrovic in a game against the Florida Panthers. Kane underwent surgery and was expected to miss 12 weeks. At the time of his injury, he was leading the NHL in points. However, he recovered earlier than initially projected and returned to the Blackhawks at the start of the 2015 playoffs. Chicago head coach Joel Quenneville moved Kane to the Blackhawks' top line alongside Jonathan Toews and Brandon Saad after the Anaheim Ducks took a 3–2 game lead in the Western Conference Finals. The trio combined for nine points over the final two games and propelled the Blackhawks to the Stanley Cup Finals. Kane helped the Blackhawks defeat the Tampa Bay Lightning by assisting on Duncan Keith's game-winning goal in Game 6 and scoring an insurance goal for his third Stanley Cup championship in six years. Kane finished the playoffs with 11 goals and 12 assists, tying the Lightning's Tyler Johnson with a playoff-high 23 points.\n Links: a. 2014–15 NHL season b. Brandon Saad c. Ohio d. 2015 National Hockey League All-Star Game", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}435{"query": "Question: What is the present population of Novoselitsa? Passage:Cecan was born among the Romanians of Novoselitsa (Noua Suliță or Novoselytsia) or Beleuța village, Hotin County. Both were located in the northern tip of the Bessarabia Governorate, Russia (now in Chernivtsi Oblast, Ukraine). His native area had been split from ancient Moldavia; Western Moldavia remained in Romania, whereas the Moldavian sub-region of Bukovina, just west of Novoselitsa, was administered by Austria-Hungary. Ieremia Teodor's original surname was Ciocan (\"hammer\"), which was approximated into Russian as Chekan, then mutated back into Romanian as Cecan. He went on to study in Kishinev (Chișinău), training at the Theological Seminary (in 1889) and then being assigned the central Bessarabian parish of Nișcani. Later on, he furthered his studies in theology at Kiev Academy. He became a passionate reader and follower of Vladimir Solovyov, as well as a speaker for the reunification of Orthodoxy and Catholicism. In his later articles on the subject, Cecan favored leniency toward the use of Filioque in the Nicene Creed and accepted the doctrine of papal infallibility.\n Links: a. Austria-Hungary b. Chernivtsi Oblast c. Chernivtsi Oblast d. Novoselytsia", "pos": "Question: What is the modern day country of Focsani? Passage:Orleanu's family were originally Ottoman Greeks of Phanariote descent who entered the Wallachian boyar class. Wealthy people, they settled in Buzău County and then Focșani, where Orleanu was born, ultimately moving to Galați. He graduated from the private Institutele Academice in Iași in 1876. Orleanu then studied law at the University of Paris, obtaining a doctorate in 1881. His thesis, published the following year, deals with illegitimate children in Roman law, and is his chief written work. After returning home, he entered the magistracy, holding a series of posts: prosecutor at the Iași tribunal (1882), then in Bucharest, judge at the Putna County tribunal (1882), president of the Dorohoi tribunal (1883), followed by Râmnicu Sărat (1884), prosecutor at the Galați appeals court (1887-1889). He retired from the judicial system in 1889, entering politics and joining the National Liberal Party (PNL). First elected to the Assembly of Deputies in 1895, he was returned for a number of terms. A fervent supporter of industrialization, from November 1909 to December 1910, he served as Minister of Industry and Commerce under Ion I. C. Brătianu. He authored the 1909 law restricting the right of some 160,000 state employees to unionize and strike; this was called the Orleanu Law or, by its socialist adversaries, the \"wicked law\".\n Links: a. National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875) b. University of Paris c. Bucharest d. Focșani", "neg": "Question: When was the Nicene creed established? Passage:Cecan was born among the Romanians of Novoselitsa (Noua Suliță or Novoselytsia) or Beleuța village, Hotin County. Both were located in the northern tip of the Bessarabia Governorate, Russia (now in Chernivtsi Oblast, Ukraine). His native area had been split from ancient Moldavia; Western Moldavia remained in Romania, whereas the Moldavian sub-region of Bukovina, just west of Novoselitsa, was administered by Austria-Hungary. Ieremia Teodor's original surname was Ciocan (\"hammer\"), which was approximated into Russian as Chekan, then mutated back into Romanian as Cecan. He went on to study in Kishinev (Chișinău), training at the Theological Seminary (in 1889) and then being assigned the central Bessarabian parish of Nișcani. Later on, he furthered his studies in theology at Kiev Academy. He became a passionate reader and follower of Vladimir Solovyov, as well as a speaker for the reunification of Orthodoxy and Catholicism. In his later articles on the subject, Cecan favored leniency toward the use of Filioque in the Nicene Creed and accepted the doctrine of papal infallibility.\n Links: a. Nicene Creed b. Bukovina c. Vladimir Solovyov (philosopher) d. Ukraine", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}436{"query": "Question: Who served in the military for a longer period of time, the person Wieniawa-Długoszowski became an aide-de-camp to or the person he was given the task to persuade their army? Passage:In 1914 he moved to Kraków and joined the First Cadre Company which fought on the Austro-Hungarian side against Russia. In October 1914 he became a commander of a platoon of a squadron in . During the fighting in 1914–1915 he was promoted to lieutenant, and after the war he was awarded the V-Class Virtuti Militari. In August 1915 he moved to the special group in Warsaw. Soon he became an aide-de-camp to Józef Piłsudski. In 1918, he was sent on a mission to Russia. He was given three tasks; to persuade General Józef Haller's army, then in the Ukraine, to back Piłsudski (he failed in this task), to reach the French military mission in Moscow under General Lavergne (he succeeded in this task) and to return from Moscow to Paris to liaise with the government there. Unfortunately he was arrested by the Soviet Cheka as a member of the Polish Military Organisation while on a French diplomatic train on its way from Moscow to Murmansk (and Paris). He was imprisoned in the Taganka prison. He was freed thanks to the intervention of his future wife Bronisława Wieniawa-Długoszowska with the much feared Cheka operative Yakovleva, then in charge of the prison. Bronisława was at that time married to the lawyer , the lawyer of Felix Dzerzhinsky, the head of the Cheka. She was a Lutheran, her family having converted from the Jewish faith when she was eight.\n Links: a. Bronisława Wieniawa-Długoszowska b. Cheka c. Józef Piłsudski d. Kraków", "pos": "Question: Who commanded the Polish Army when Thommee enlisted? Passage:After the outbreak of the Great War, Thommée joined the 276th Infantry Regiment and served with distinction as a commanding officer of a company and then battalion. In 1916 he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel and became an adjutant at the staff of the 48th Corps in the area of the Romanian front. After the Russian Revolution of 1917, he quit the army and on 25 September 1918 he joined the Polish Army in the area of Kuban. There, on 9 November he became the de facto chief of staff of Lucjan Żeligowski's Polish 4th Rifle Division, formally a part of the Polish Blue Army allied to France, United Kingdom, U.S. and Imperial Russia. After the division returned to Poland and was reformed into the 10th Infantry Division, Thommée served as the chief of its staff during the opening stages of the Polish-Bolshevik War until August 1919. On 22 August that year he became the head of the Third department of the staff (Offensive intelligence \"B\"), controlling the intelligence net in the European part of Russia, at the North-Western Front, Masovian Front and then the Polish 1st Army under Gen. Franciszek Latinik.\n Links: a. Lieutenant colonel b. Franciszek Latinik c. Polish Land Forces d. 4th Rifle Division (Poland)", "neg": "Question: How many years did the Czech Legion fight during the Russian Civil War? Passage:After military service in the Imperial Russian Army in World War I, where he reached the rank of a colonel, he joined the 1st Polish Corps of General Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki in western Russia from December 1917 until the Germans forced its dissolution in July 1918. He helped Walerian Czuma organise 1st Kosciuszko regiment at Samara in August 1918 which later formed the 5th Rifle Division in Siberia (sometimes known as the Polish Legion or the Siberian Division) which fought alongside the Czech Legion and the White movement in the Russian Civil War. When the White government of Admiral Aleksandr Kolchak collapsed in December 1919, the Polish Legion joined the general retreat along the Trans-Siberian Railway, until it was surrounded by the Red Army east of Krasnoyarsk in early January 1920. Refusing to surrender, Rumsza led 900 officers and men on an ice march through the taiga slipping through Bolshevik forces until they reached Irkutsk. From there they managed to escape to Harbin in White-controlled Manchuria, and thence to Vladivostok. Rumsza’s force arrived at Gdańsk (Danzig) in Poland in June 1920 and volunteered to fight in the Polish-Soviet War which had just broken out. \n Links: a. Samara b. Czechoslovak Legion c. Czechoslovak Legion d. Irkutsk", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}437{"query": "Question: Which song holds the record of longest weeks at number 1 on the chart where The American Breed's greatest single reached number 5 in 1968? Passage:The group was formed in Cicero, Illinois, United States, as Gary & The Knight Lites. The founding members included Gary Loizzo (vocals and guitar), Charles Colbert, Jr. (bass guitar and vocals), Al Ciner (guitar and vocals), and Jim Michalak (drums). Early releases included- \"I'm Glad She's Mine,\" \"I Don't Need Your Help,\" \"Will You Go Steady,\" \"Take Me Back,\" among others. The group's greatest success as \"The American Breed\" was the single, \"Bend Me, Shape Me\", which reached number five on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart in 1968. The song, written by Scott English and Larry Weiss, had previously been recorded by an all-female band known as the Shape and had been a hit on the UK Singles Chart for the British group Amen Corner. It had also been recorded by The Outsiders after they had reached the top ten with \"Time Won't Let Me\" in 1966. Contributing to the success of the American Breed's version of \"Bend Me, Shape Me\" was the excellent arrangement of the song by the band's record producer, Bill Traut, who added horns among other changes. The group also appeared on the 16 December 1967 episode of the television show American Bandstand, along with Pink Floyd.\n Links: a. Bend Me, Shape Me b. Scott English c. Billboard Hot 100 d. Billboard", "pos": "Question: Who is the current mayor the citiy where The American Band was formed? Passage:The group was formed in Cicero, Illinois, United States, as Gary & The Knight Lites. The founding members included Gary Loizzo (vocals and guitar), Charles Colbert, Jr. (bass guitar and vocals), Al Ciner (guitar and vocals), and Jim Michalak (drums). Early releases included- \"I'm Glad She's Mine,\" \"I Don't Need Your Help,\" \"Will You Go Steady,\" \"Take Me Back,\" among others. The group's greatest success as \"The American Breed\" was the single, \"Bend Me, Shape Me\", which reached number five on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart in 1968. The song, written by Scott English and Larry Weiss, had previously been recorded by an all-female band known as the Shape and had been a hit on the UK Singles Chart for the British group Amen Corner. It had also been recorded by The Outsiders after they had reached the top ten with \"Time Won't Let Me\" in 1966. Contributing to the success of the American Breed's version of \"Bend Me, Shape Me\" was the excellent arrangement of the song by the band's record producer, Bill Traut, who added horns among other changes. The group also appeared on the 16 December 1967 episode of the television show American Bandstand, along with Pink Floyd.\n Links: a. Billboard Hot 100 b. Bill Traut c. Scott English d. Cicero, Illinois", "neg": "Question: Who were the members of the band that  recorded  \"Bend Me, Shape Me\" after they had reached the top ten with \"Time Won't Let Me\" in 1966? Passage:The group was formed in Cicero, Illinois, United States, as Gary & The Knight Lites. The founding members included Gary Loizzo (vocals and guitar), Charles Colbert, Jr. (bass guitar and vocals), Al Ciner (guitar and vocals), and Jim Michalak (drums). Early releases included- \"I'm Glad She's Mine,\" \"I Don't Need Your Help,\" \"Will You Go Steady,\" \"Take Me Back,\" among others. The group's greatest success as \"The American Breed\" was the single, \"Bend Me, Shape Me\", which reached number five on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart in 1968. The song, written by Scott English and Larry Weiss, had previously been recorded by an all-female band known as the Shape and had been a hit on the UK Singles Chart for the British group Amen Corner. It had also been recorded by The Outsiders after they had reached the top ten with \"Time Won't Let Me\" in 1966. Contributing to the success of the American Breed's version of \"Bend Me, Shape Me\" was the excellent arrangement of the song by the band's record producer, Bill Traut, who added horns among other changes. The group also appeared on the 16 December 1967 episode of the television show American Bandstand, along with Pink Floyd.\n Links: a. The Outsiders (American band) b. Cicero, Illinois c. Bend Me, Shape Me d. Billboard Hot 100", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}438{"query": "Question: Who directed the movie that \"Going the Distance\" was featured on? Passage:\"Victory\" is a song recorded by American hip hop recording artist Puff Daddy. The song was originally written by The Notorious B.I.G., Jason Phillips and Steven Jordan for his debut studio album No Way Out (1997). It features heavy use of mafioso-style lyrics, as was popular at the time. It features The Notorious B.I.G., who raps two verses, and Busta Rhymes, who raps the song's chorus. The song also heavily sampled the Bill Conti song \"Going the Distance\", which featured on the soundtrack to the movie Rocky making it a darker start to a rap album that featured many (at the time) club-standard singles. The song was released as a single in 1998, peaking at number 19 on the Billboard Hot 100. This song featured the very last verses recorded by The Notorious B.I.G. before his 1997 death as these verses were recorded a day before his shooting. The song was used for the EA Sports video game, Fight Night 2004, and the 2K Sports video game, NBA 2K13 by Puff Daddy and the Family featuring The Notorious B.I.G. and Busta Rhymes. This was re-used for the soundtrack of NBA 2K18.\n Links: a. Rocky b. Bill Conti c. Bill Conti d. Billboard Hot 100", "pos": "Question: Who directed the film which inspired Khalifa's song \"The Kid Frankie\"? Passage:On the song \"The Kid Frankie\", Khalifa raps over the English R&B band Loose Ends' No. 1 hit single, \"Hangin' on a String\" (1985). Khalifa stated that the song was inspired by the character Frankie from the film The Business (2005), who listens to Loose Ends while traveling around Spain. The song \"Never Been\" samples \"Schala's Theme\" from the soundtrack to the video game Chrono Trigger with its soundtrack composed by Yasunori Mitsuda. The song \"Up\", samples Tevin Campbell's \"Could It Be\". \"In the Cut\" samples \"Let Go\" by Frou Frou from the end credits of the film Garden State, the song \"We're Done\" samples the single \"Our Time Is Here\" by Demi Lovato from the Disney soundtrack Camp Rock. The song \"Visions\" contains a sample from \"Huit Octobre 1971\" by Cortex. \"Spotlight\" sampled \"Theme from the Planets\" by Dexter Wansel, from his album \"Life on Mars\" (1976) and \"Still Blazin\" samples Alborosie's song of the same name.\n Links: a. The Business (film) b. Garden State (film) c. Dexter Wansel d. Frou Frou (band)", "neg": "Question: Who directed the movie that was produced by Ridley Scott? Passage:MCA embarked on a big marketing campaign to tout Willis after she recorded her first album on the label, the 1990 album Well Travelled Love. MCA ensured that Willis was interviewed by several national magazines including unusual venues like Vogue and Mademoiselle. Her voice appeared in the 1991 Ridley Scott-produced movie Thelma and Louise, singing \"Little Honey.\" Willis also had a small part in Tim Robbins’ 1992 film Bob Roberts. Willis appears as the young woman standing in a shallow stream in Dwight Yoakam's video of \"A Thousand Miles from Nowhere,\" as well as a member of Vince Gill's \"pickup band\" in his Don't Let Our Love Start Slippin' Away video. She was also nominated for Top New Female Vocalist of the year at the 1993 ACM Awards along with Faith Hill and Lari White (Hill wound up winning the award). Despite of all the publicity and positive reviews from most reviewers, Well Travelled Love and Willis’s subsequent albums for MCA (Bang Bang in 1991 and Kelly Willis in 1993) sold modestly and received very little radio play. During this time, Willis felt uncomfortable with the way she was marketed by MCA. In 1994, MCA released Willis from her contract.\n Links: a. Faith Hill b. Dwight Yoakam c. Thelma & Louise d. Vogue (magazine)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}439{"query": "Question: Which show had more performances, the grand opera Carte produced at another theatre or the show produced when Gilbert and Sullivan reunited in 1893? Passage:When the Gilbert and Sullivan partnership collapsed after the production of The Gondoliers in 1889, their producer Richard D'Oyly Carte struggled to find successful new works to show at the Savoy Theatre. Carte produced Sullivan's grand opera, Ivanhoe at another theatre, and afterwards, he turned to Sullivan to create more comic operas for the Savoy. With Sydney Grundy, Sullivan wrote the nostalgic and sentimental Haddon Hall (1892) then, reunited with W. S. Gilbert, he produced Utopia, Limited (1893). He next returned, with his earlier collaborator F. C. Burnand, with The Chieftain (1894) and collaborated for the last time with Gilbert on The Grand Duke (1896). None of these had proved to be more than modestly successful, and Carte's other new pieces for the Savoy in the 1890s had done no better. Following the success of Sullivan's ballet Victoria and Merrie England in 1897, Carte asked Sullivan to work on another new opera for the Savoy.\n Links: a. Ivanhoe (opera) b. W. S. Gilbert c. The Grand Duke d. Richard D'Oyly Carte", "pos": "Question: Despite Gilberts and Sullivan's partnership collapsing after the production in 1889, how many performances were there before it closed at the Savoy Theatre? Passage:When the Gilbert and Sullivan partnership collapsed after the production of The Gondoliers in 1889, their producer Richard D'Oyly Carte struggled to find successful new works to show at the Savoy Theatre. Carte produced Sullivan's grand opera, Ivanhoe at another theatre, and afterwards, he turned to Sullivan to create more comic operas for the Savoy. With Sydney Grundy, Sullivan wrote the nostalgic and sentimental Haddon Hall (1892) then, reunited with W. S. Gilbert, he produced Utopia, Limited (1893). He next returned, with his earlier collaborator F. C. Burnand, with The Chieftain (1894) and collaborated for the last time with Gilbert on The Grand Duke (1896). None of these had proved to be more than modestly successful, and Carte's other new pieces for the Savoy in the 1890s had done no better. Following the success of Sullivan's ballet Victoria and Merrie England in 1897, Carte asked Sullivan to work on another new opera for the Savoy.\n Links: a. The Gondoliers b. Victoria and Merrie England c. W. S. Gilbert d. F. C. Burnand", "neg": "Question: What was the reason Sullivan's success ballet was written and performed in 1897? Passage:When the Gilbert and Sullivan partnership collapsed after the production of The Gondoliers in 1889, their producer Richard D'Oyly Carte struggled to find successful new works to show at the Savoy Theatre. Carte produced Sullivan's grand opera, Ivanhoe at another theatre, and afterwards, he turned to Sullivan to create more comic operas for the Savoy. With Sydney Grundy, Sullivan wrote the nostalgic and sentimental Haddon Hall (1892) then, reunited with W. S. Gilbert, he produced Utopia, Limited (1893). He next returned, with his earlier collaborator F. C. Burnand, with The Chieftain (1894) and collaborated for the last time with Gilbert on The Grand Duke (1896). None of these had proved to be more than modestly successful, and Carte's other new pieces for the Savoy in the 1890s had done no better. Following the success of Sullivan's ballet Victoria and Merrie England in 1897, Carte asked Sullivan to work on another new opera for the Savoy.\n Links: a. The Grand Duke b. Gilbert and Sullivan c. Victoria and Merrie England d. Haddon Hall", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}440{"query": "Question: How many albums needs to be sold to be considered double platinum? Passage:Alecia Beth Moore (born September 8, 1979), known professionally as Pink (stylized as ), is an American singer and songwriter. She was originally a member of the girl group Choice. In 1995, LaFace Records saw potential in Pink and offered her a solo recording contract. Her R&B-influenced debut studio album Can't Take Me Home (2000) was certified double-platinum in the United States and spawned two Billboard Hot 100 top-ten songs: \"There You Go\" and \"Most Girls\". She gained further recognition with the collaborative single \"Lady Marmalade\" from the Moulin Rouge! soundtrack, which topped many charts worldwide. Refocusing her sound to pop rock with her second studio album Missundaztood (2001), the album sold more than 13 million copies worldwide and yielded the international number-one songs \"Get the Party Started\", \"Don't Let Me Get Me\", and \"Just Like a Pill\".\n Links: a. Get the Party Started b. Billboard Hot 100 c. RIAA certification d. LaFace Records", "pos": "Question: How many copies were sold of the album by Avril Lavigne that Chantal co-wrote six songs for? Passage:Canadian singer-songwriter, producer and pianist Chantal Kreviazuk has written, produced and performed on albums and tracks for a wide range recording artists, spanning from adult contemporary, pop, rock, to indie and hip-hop music. Initially, she began writing her own pop songs, especially after a 1994 motorcycle accident in Italy left her immobile for several months, and was signed by Sony Canada, where she released her debut album in June 1997. Chantal later released another album in 1999, before being featured in a range of soundtracks to films and TV series. Chantal began writing for other artists in 2001, where she co-wrote the song \"Always and Forever\" for Eleanor McCain. However, it was only in 2004 that Chantal started writing for more artists and received recognition as a songwriter. In the summer of 2003, Chantal met Canadian singer-songwriter Avril Lavigne, they formed a relationship of mutual respect and sisterhood, and eventually became songwriting partners. They co-wrote six songs for Lavigne's sophomore album, Under My Skin (2004): \"Slipped Away,\" \"Forgotten,\" \"Together,\" \"How Does It Feel,\" \"He Wasn't\" and \"Who Knows.\" Kreviazuk described \"He Wasn't\" as \"a super-fun, punk, screw-you-to-boys song,\" while \"Forgotten\" is a driving rock song inspired by similarly vibed music Lavigne was consumed with at the time. Also in 2004, Chantal co-wrote \"Rich Girl\", for Gwen Stefani's solo debut album, \"Love. Angel. Music. Baby.\", along with Dr. Dre, Jerry Bock, Mark Batson, Kara DioGuardi, Mike Elizondo, Sheldon Harnick and Eve. The song became a chart success, reaching the top-ten in over fifteen countries. Chantal also wrote for Kelly Clarkson's breakthrough album \"Breakaway\" in the end of 2004, sharing writing credits for the tracks \"Where is Your Heart\" and \"Walk Away\". In 2005, Chantal's co-writing song \"He Wasn't\" was released as Lavigne's final single from \"Under My Skin\", receiving a moderate impact on the charts and reaching only the top-forty in some countries. While in 2006, Clarkson's \"Walk Away\" was released as \"Breakaway\"'s final single, reaching the top-twenty in some countries.\n Links: a. Love. Angel. Music. Baby. b. Kara DioGuardi c. Under My Skin (Avril Lavigne album) d. Under My Skin (Avril Lavigne album)", "neg": "Question: How many albums did Pink release for LaFace Records? Passage:Alecia Beth Moore (born September 8, 1979), known professionally as Pink (stylized as ), is an American singer and songwriter. She was originally a member of the girl group Choice. In 1995, LaFace Records saw potential in Pink and offered her a solo recording contract. Her R&B-influenced debut studio album Can't Take Me Home (2000) was certified double-platinum in the United States and spawned two Billboard Hot 100 top-ten songs: \"There You Go\" and \"Most Girls\". She gained further recognition with the collaborative single \"Lady Marmalade\" from the Moulin Rouge! soundtrack, which topped many charts worldwide. Refocusing her sound to pop rock with her second studio album Missundaztood (2001), the album sold more than 13 million copies worldwide and yielded the international number-one songs \"Get the Party Started\", \"Don't Let Me Get Me\", and \"Just Like a Pill\".\n Links: a. LaFace Records b. Get the Party Started c. LaFace Records d. Moulin Rouge!", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}441{"query": "Question: How old was Humphrey Prideaux's uncle when he was born? Passage:The third son of Edmond Prideaux, he was born at Padstow, Cornwall, on 3 May 1648. His mother was a daughter of John Moyle. After education at Liskeard grammar school and Bodmin grammar school, he went to Westminster School under Richard Busby, recommended by his uncle William Morice. On 11 December 1668 he matriculated at Christ Church, Oxford, where he had obtained a studentship. He graduated B.A. 22 June 1672, M.A. 29 April 1675, B.D. 15 November 1682, D.D. 8 June 1686. In January 1674, Prideaux recorded in his letters a visit to his home of William Levett; with Levett came Lord Cornbury, son of the Earl of Clarendon, Levett's principal patron. In other letters, Prideaux mentioned alliances with Levett in ongoing church political maneuverings. At the university he was known for scholarship; John Fell employed him in 1672 on an edition of Florus. He also worked on Edmund Chilmead's edition of the chronicle of John Malalas.\n Links: a. John Malalas b. William Morice (Secretary of State) c. John Fell (bishop) d. Liskeard School and Community College", "pos": "Question: How old was the last Prince of Morgannwg when he died? Passage:Jenkins was born in Merthyr Tydfil, Glamorgan on 30 January 1828. His father, William David Jenkins, could allegedly trace his ancestry back to Iestyn ap Gwrgant, the last Prince of Morgannwg. After attending Taliesin Williams's school in Merthyr Tydfil and Cowbridge Grammar School, Jenkins studied at Oxford University, matriculating at Jesus College in 1846 with the benefit of the Sir Leoline Jenkins scholarship. He studied Literae Humaniores, obtaining a third-class BA degree in 1850. He subsequently obtained further degrees: M.A. in 1852, BD in 1859 and DD in 1871. He became a good classical and oriental scholar whilst at Oxford, developing a fluency in modern languages in later life. Whilst an undergraduate, he tried and failed on several occasions for the Pusey and Ellerton Hebrew Scholarship; after his final failure, Dr Pusey presented him with some books to acknowledge his abilities in Hebrew.\n Links: a. Glywysing b. Iestyn ap Gwrgant c. University of Oxford d. Literae humaniores", "neg": "Question: What is the population of the town where Prideaux was born? Passage:The third son of Edmond Prideaux, he was born at Padstow, Cornwall, on 3 May 1648. His mother was a daughter of John Moyle. After education at Liskeard grammar school and Bodmin grammar school, he went to Westminster School under Richard Busby, recommended by his uncle William Morice. On 11 December 1668 he matriculated at Christ Church, Oxford, where he had obtained a studentship. He graduated B.A. 22 June 1672, M.A. 29 April 1675, B.D. 15 November 1682, D.D. 8 June 1686. In January 1674, Prideaux recorded in his letters a visit to his home of William Levett; with Levett came Lord Cornbury, son of the Earl of Clarendon, Levett's principal patron. In other letters, Prideaux mentioned alliances with Levett in ongoing church political maneuverings. At the university he was known for scholarship; John Fell employed him in 1672 on an edition of Florus. He also worked on Edmund Chilmead's edition of the chronicle of John Malalas.\n Links: a. John Moyle b. Richard Busby c. Edmund Chilmead d. Padstow", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}442{"query": "Question: How many acres is the largest protected area of tallgrass prairie in the world? Passage:Oklahoma has 41 state parks, two national protected forests or grasslands, and a network of wildlife preserves and conservation areas. Six percent of the state's 10 million acres (40,000 km) of forest is public land, including the western portions of the Ouachita National Forest, the largest and oldest national forest in the southern United States. With , the Tallgrass Prairie Preserve in north-central Oklahoma is the largest protected area of tallgrass prairie in the world and is part of an ecosystem that encompasses only 10 percent of its former land area, once covering 14 states. In addition, the Black Kettle National Grassland covers of prairie in southwestern Oklahoma. The Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge is the oldest and largest of nine national wildlife refuges in the state and was founded in 1901, encompassing . Of Oklahoma's federally protected park or recreational sites, the Chickasaw National Recreation Area is the largest, with . Other federal protected sites include the Santa Fe and Trail of Tears national historic trails, the Fort Smith and Washita Battlefield national historic sites, and the Oklahoma City National Memorial.\n Links: a. Chickasaw National Recreation Area b. Tallgrass Prairie Preserve c. Black Kettle National Grassland d. Black Kettle National Grassland", "pos": "Question: How big is the National Park that the Yellowstone River flows northward through? Passage:The river rises in northwestern Wyoming in the Absaroka Range, on the Continental Divide in southwestern Park County. The river starts where the North Fork and the South Fork of the Yellowstone River converge. The North Fork, the larger of the two forks, flows from Younts Peak. The South Fork flows from the southern slopes of Thorofare Mountain. The Yellowstone River flows northward through Yellowstone National Park, feeding and draining Yellowstone Lake, then dropping over the Upper and Lower Yellowstone Falls at the head of the Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone within the confines of the park. After passing through the Black Canyon of the Yellowstone downstream of the Grand Canyon, the river flows northward into Montana between the northern Absaroka Range and the Gallatin Range in Paradise Valley. The river emerges from the mountains near the town of Livingston, where it turns eastward and northeastward, flowing across the northern Great Plains past the city of Billings.\n Links: a. Continental Divide of the Americas b. Yellowstone National Park c. Continental Divide of the Americas d. Continental Divide of the Americas", "neg": "Question: What other state contains part of the Ouachita National Forest? Passage:Oklahoma has 41 state parks, two national protected forests or grasslands, and a network of wildlife preserves and conservation areas. Six percent of the state's 10 million acres (40,000 km) of forest is public land, including the western portions of the Ouachita National Forest, the largest and oldest national forest in the southern United States. With , the Tallgrass Prairie Preserve in north-central Oklahoma is the largest protected area of tallgrass prairie in the world and is part of an ecosystem that encompasses only 10 percent of its former land area, once covering 14 states. In addition, the Black Kettle National Grassland covers of prairie in southwestern Oklahoma. The Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge is the oldest and largest of nine national wildlife refuges in the state and was founded in 1901, encompassing . Of Oklahoma's federally protected park or recreational sites, the Chickasaw National Recreation Area is the largest, with . Other federal protected sites include the Santa Fe and Trail of Tears national historic trails, the Fort Smith and Washita Battlefield national historic sites, and the Oklahoma City National Memorial.\n Links: a. Tallgrass prairie b. Trail of Tears c. Ouachita National Forest d. Black Kettle National Grassland", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}443{"query": "Question: Which company has been in business the longest out of Booking Holdings and Expedia Group? Passage:Booking Holdings and Expedia Group, both online travel agencies, are the largest travel agencies on the list of top earning travel companies. Travel agencies can be multinational companies, referred to as \"multiples\" in the United Kingdom. They can also be medium-sized organizations, referred to as \"miniples\" in the United Kingdom, or can be independent, small companies. They can be structured as a limited liability company, a sole proprietorship, or can be set up as a host, franchising, or consortium structure, such as in the case of CWT. A traditional travel agent may work for a travel agency or work freelance. Helloworld Travel is an example of a franchised travel agency, giving agents access to internal systems for product and bookings. While most point-to-point travel is now booked online, traditional agents specialize in niche markets such as corporate travel, luxury travel, cruises, complicated and important trips, and specialty trips. Other niche markets include travelers with disabilities, travelers over the age of 60, women traveling alone, LGBT tourism, the needs of residents in an upmarket commuter town or suburb, or a particular group interested in a similar activity, such as a sport. Examples include StudentUniverse and STA Travel, which specialize in youth travel, or CWT, which caters to corporate travel. Many use telecommuting to reduce overhead, and/or provide concierge services. Agents can act as \"travel consultants\" with flawless knowledge of destination regions and specialize in topics like nautical tourism or cultural tourism. Many traditional agents prefer the term \"travel advisor\" as opposed to \"travel agent\" to emphasize their advice, expertise, and connections that are of great value. Outbound travel agencies offer multi-destinations; inbound travel agencies are based in the destination and deliver an expertise on that location.\n Links: a. Nautical tourism b. Expedia Group c. Consortium d. Nautical tourism", "pos": "Question: How long has the city that the Telford Shopping Centre is located in been incorporated for? Passage:Telford Shopping Centre is a indoor shopping centre in Telford, Shropshire, England. It is located in the geographical and economic centre of the new town, on land which was previously undeveloped. The trustees of the shopping centre are registered offshore for tax purposes. It is the largest shopping area in the ceremonial county of Shropshire, being located roughly equidistant between Shrewsbury and the West Midlands conurbation. With a floor area of 100,000 m², the centre is one of the twenty five largest in the country, and has an average footfall of 300,000 per week, equating to 15 million per annum. The centre is located on a site, containing over 175 stores. The Centre's catchment population is over 3 million people. The term Telford Town Centre is often used to refer to the shopping centre alone, but the town centre also encompasses the town park and surrounding areas of central Telford. The centre's logo features The Iron Bridge, of nearby Ironbridge, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. In 2008 the centre was ranked as 14th best in the country by CACI.. 2019 was the completion of the £55 million redevelopment of the centre which included new stores and moving existing stores into bigger premisise. A rebrand from the Telford Shopping Centre to the Telford Centre was also included.\n Links: a. CACI b. Telford c. CACI d. The Iron Bridge", "neg": "Question: Out of all of the different companies that published the paperback anthologies annually, which has been in business the longest? Passage:The Best Science Fiction of the Year was a series of annual paperback anthologies edited by Terry Carr. It was published by Ballantine Books from 1972 to 1980, Pocket Books from 1981 to 1983, Baen Books in 1984, and Tor Books from 1985 to 1987. The Tor Books volumes bore the title Terry Carr's Best Science Fiction of the Year from 1985 to 1986, and Terry Carr's Best Science Fiction and Fantasy of the Year in 1987. Most volumes were also issued in hardcover in the United Kingdom by Gollancz, the last three under the variant title Best SF of the Year. The series was a continuation of the earlier anthology series World's Best Science Fiction, edited by Carr with Donald A. Wollheim, published from 1965 to 1971 by Ace Books. (Wollheim, with co-editor Arthur W. Saha, also issued his own separate continuation, The Annual World’s Best SF, from 1972 to 1990.)\n Links: a. United Kingdom b. Pocket Books c. Ballantine Books d. Victor Gollancz Ltd", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}444{"query": "Question: In what year did Jordan Roth buy 50% of Jujamcyn? Passage:Landesman was born and raised in St. Louis, Missouri, studied at Colby College and then the University of Wisconsin, Madison (BA English Literature 1969), and the Yale School of Drama (MFA Dramatic Literature and Criticism 1972, DFA 1976). At the Yale School of Drama he became a protégé and friend of Robert Brustein. At the completion of his course work he stayed at Yale for four years as an Assistant Professor. While at Yale, Landesman got to know novelist Jerzy Kosinski and he worked with Kosinski on two of his novels, Being There and The Devil Tree. Landesman was involved as an editor, helping Kosinski, not a native speaker of English, with his English syntax and writing. While at Yale Landesman was also involved in managing a private mutual fund and a racehorse he had bought. In 1977 he left to focus more time on his private investment fund, which he ran for many years. He also got involved in Broadway theater and he was heavily involved in the genesis and development of \"Big River\" (1985 Tony, Best Musical), a musical based on Huckleberry Finn. Landesman's involvement included persuading Roger Miller to write the music for the show. The show ultimately won seven Tonys and ran for over 1,000 performances on Broadway over two and a half years. This success attracted the attention of James H. Binger who shared two passions with Landesman: Broadway theater and horseracing. Binger owned the Jujamcyn Theatre group of five theatres, four of which were then dark. Binger and Landesman made a deal for Landesman to become President of Jujamcyn in 1987 with the inclusion of an option for Landesman to purchase Jujamcyn upon Binger's death. After taking the helm at Jujamcyn he shifted its business model away from the historical focus of renting of theatre facilities to shows and into a more active posture as a combination of a theater owner and a developer of new plays. Other theater owners have followed this pattern. After joining Jujamcyn Landesman has produced Broadway shows, the most notable of which include: \"\" (1993 and 1994 Tony, Best Play), and \"The Producers\" (2001 Tony, Best Musical). Landesman purchased Jujamcyn in 2005 and later sold a 50% interest to Jordan Roth.\n Links: a. Yale School of Drama b. Jordan Roth c. University of Wisconsin–Madison d. James H. Binger", "pos": "Question: What year did Ortenberg join Lionsgate Films? Passage:Ortenberg was born to a Jewish family on August 8, 1960, in Briarcliff Manor, New York, Ortenberg attended Penn State University and graduated in 1982. At Penn State, Ortenberg recognized his passion for film, showing recent theatrical movies on campus to raise money for non-profit student organizations. Moving to San Francisco he began his film career with Columbia Pictures in 1985 as a clerk, and joined Hemdale Film Corporation in 1989, where he served as President of Distribution and Marketing after the company filed for bankruptcy and laid off the C level officers of the company before joining Lionsgate Films as their president of theatrical films, where he was the first employee in its Los Angeles office. Ortenberg led Lionsgate's film division as it quickly grew into one of Hollywood's premiere movie studios. In 2009, he left Lionsgate to join the Weinstein company as President of Theatrical Films. In 2011 it was announced that Ortenberg would be CEO of Open Road Films a newly formed movie studio owned by theatre chains AMC Theatres and Regal Entertainment Group. In 2016, he endorsed Bernie Sanders for President of the United States. Ortenberg left Open Road in 2017 after it was acquired by Tang Media Partners. Ortenberg then started Briarcliff Entertainment, a distribution company.\n Links: a. San Francisco b. Lionsgate Films c. The Weinstein Company d. San Francisco", "neg": "Question: What county was Brandon born in? Passage:Brandon was born in Bradenton, Florida, attended elementary school in Elfers, and attended Bayonet Middle School and River Ridge High School in New Port Richey. He later attended the University of Florida, where he received a degree in English, and Brandon also received a Master's degree in fiction writing from Washington University in St. Louis. After writing Arkansas Brandon gained the attention of Barry Hannah, who nominated him for the John and Renee Grisham Writer-in-Residence program at the University of Mississippi. He then went on to work a series of warehouse and factory jobs before holding a one-year fellowship at the Gilman School and teaching at Hamline University in Minnesota. He was also the GQ's SEC College Football analyst. Self-proclaimed worshiper of Joy Williams.\n Links: a. Bradenton, Florida b. Bradenton, Florida c. Barry Hannah d. Barry Hannah", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}445{"query": "Question: Which Royal Navy Admiral who held different views than Sir Hoskins was born first? Passage:Admiral Sir Anthony Hiley Hoskins, (1 September 1828 – 21 June 1901) was a Royal Navy officer. As a junior officer, he took part in the Cape Frontier War of 1851 and then saw action at the Battle of Canton in December 1857 and the Battle of Taku Forts in May 1858 during Second Opium War. Once promoted to flag officer rank, he acted as Second-in-Command of the Fleet at the bombardment of Alexandria in July 1882 during the Anglo-Egyptian War. He went on to be First Naval Lord in September 1891 but in that role took a relaxed view of the size of the Fleet and did not see the need for a large shipbuilding effort on the scale envisaged by some of his colleagues, such as Admiral Sir Frederick Richards and Admiral Sir John Fisher who were concerned about French and German naval expansion.\n Links: a. Frederick Richards b. Admiral (Royal Navy) c. Battle of Taku Forts (1858) d. Frederick Richards", "pos": "Question: Who current occupies the role that Sir Hoskins became in September 1891? Passage:Admiral Sir Anthony Hiley Hoskins, (1 September 1828 – 21 June 1901) was a Royal Navy officer. As a junior officer, he took part in the Cape Frontier War of 1851 and then saw action at the Battle of Canton in December 1857 and the Battle of Taku Forts in May 1858 during Second Opium War. Once promoted to flag officer rank, he acted as Second-in-Command of the Fleet at the bombardment of Alexandria in July 1882 during the Anglo-Egyptian War. He went on to be First Naval Lord in September 1891 but in that role took a relaxed view of the size of the Fleet and did not see the need for a large shipbuilding effort on the scale envisaged by some of his colleagues, such as Admiral Sir Frederick Richards and Admiral Sir John Fisher who were concerned about French and German naval expansion.\n Links: a. First Sea Lord b. John Fisher, 1st Baron Fisher c. British Conquest of Egypt (1882) d. John Fisher, 1st Baron Fisher", "neg": "Question: Where was the Rear-Admiral who relieved King-Hall born? Passage:Orion, named after the mythological hunter, Orion, was the fourth ship of her name to serve in the Royal Navy (RN). The ship was laid down at HM Dockyard, Portsmouth on 29 November 1909. She was launched on 20 August 1910, and was commissioned on 2 January 1912. Including her armament, her cost is variously quoted at £1,855,917 or £1,918,773. Orion was assigned to the 2nd division of the Home Fleet as the flagship of Rear-Admiral Sir Herbert King-Hall, the division's second-in-command. The ship was slightly damaged on 7 January when the pre-dreadnought battleship broke loose from her moorings and collided with Orions bow. The division was redesignated as the 2nd Battle Squadron (BS) on 1 May. The ship, together with her sister ships and , participated in the Parliamentary Naval Review on 9 July at Spithead. They then participated in training manoeuvres. King-Hall was relieved by Rear-Admiral Rosslyn Wemyss on 29 October. On 13 November, the ship participated in comparative gunnery trials with Thunderer to evaluate the effectiveness of the latter's gunnery director. Thunderer decisively outshot Orion, although some of her success was because her director was above the smoke that obscured the target from Orions guns. The test was repeated in better conditions on 4 December and Orion performed much better, apparently beating Thunderer. The three sisters were present with the 2nd BS to receive the President of France, Raymond Poincaré, at Spithead on 24 June 1913 and then participated in the annual fleet manoeuvres in August. Wemyss was relieved in his turn by Rear-Admiral Sir Robert Arbuthnot, 4th Baronet on 28 October. Captain Frederic Dreyer assumed command of Orion that same day. On 4 November, Orion, Thunderer, the dreadnought and the predreadnought fired at and sank the target ship to give their crews experience in firing live ammunition against a real ship.\n Links: a. Ship commissioning b. Frederic Charles Dreyer c. Herbert King-Hall d. Rosslyn Wemyss, 1st Baron Wester Wemyss", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}446{"query": "Question: Which of the cities which was a seat of the Second Continental Congress had a larger population? Passage:In the fall of 1777 forces of the British Army successfully captured Philadelphia, the seat of the Second Continental Congress, which was forced to relocate to York, Pennsylvania. The series of military setbacks (principally the losses at Brandywine in September and Germantown in October) caused many in the Continental Army and Congress to question George Washington's leadership of the war effort. In contrast, the northern army of General Horatio Gates had won a signal victory over John Burgoyne's forces, compelling Burgoyne to surrender his entire army after the Battles of Saratoga. Gates controversially claimed credit for the victory. Some historians feel that this was more due to the actions of Benedict Arnold, who, in the first battle on September 19, effectively and almost independently defended his forces against British assaults. It was also alleged that Gates had failed to provide Arnold with adequate reinforcements which would have turned the battle into an outright American victory, although there is not universal agreement on this matter. Gates was politically well connected to Congress. Some congressmen such as Richard Henry Lee, John Adams, and Samuel Adams wanted tighter Congressional control of the war effort and supported Gates. Although John Adams did not specifically call for Washington to be replaced, he worried that Washington was being made into a military idol, and was fearful of the effects of this upon republicanism. \n Links: a. Samuel Adams b. Battles of Saratoga c. George Washington d. Philadelphia", "pos": "Question: Where did the army that George Washington commanded that were pushed out of New York by British forces first formed? Passage:While 1776 had started well for the American cause with the evacuation of British troops from Boston in March, the defense of New York City had gone quite poorly. British general William Howe had landed troops on Long Island in August and had pushed George Washington's Continental Army completely out of New York by mid-November, when he captured the remaining troops on Manhattan. The main British troops returned to New York for the winter season. They left mainly Hessian troops in New Jersey. These troops were under the command of Colonel Rall and Colonel Von Donop. They were ordered to small outposts in and around Trenton. Howe then sent troops under the command of Charles Cornwallis across the Hudson River into New Jersey and chased Washington across New Jersey. Washington's army was shrinking, due to expiring enlistments and desertions, and suffered from poor morale, due to the defeats in the New York area. Most of Washington's army crossed the Delaware River into Pennsylvania north of Trenton, New Jersey, and destroyed or moved to the western shore all boats for miles in both directions. Cornwallis (under Howe's command), rather than attempting to immediately chase Washington further, established a chain of outposts from New Brunswick to Burlington, including one at Bordentown and one at Trenton, and ordered his troops into winter quarters. The British were happy to end the campaign season when they were ordered to winter quarters. This was a time for the generals to regroup, re-supply, and strategize for the upcoming campaign season the following spring.\n Links: a. Delaware River b. Bordentown, New Jersey c. Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis d. Continental Army", "neg": "Question: Which general had a more successful career, Gates or Burgoyne? Passage:In the fall of 1777 forces of the British Army successfully captured Philadelphia, the seat of the Second Continental Congress, which was forced to relocate to York, Pennsylvania. The series of military setbacks (principally the losses at Brandywine in September and Germantown in October) caused many in the Continental Army and Congress to question George Washington's leadership of the war effort. In contrast, the northern army of General Horatio Gates had won a signal victory over John Burgoyne's forces, compelling Burgoyne to surrender his entire army after the Battles of Saratoga. Gates controversially claimed credit for the victory. Some historians feel that this was more due to the actions of Benedict Arnold, who, in the first battle on September 19, effectively and almost independently defended his forces against British assaults. It was also alleged that Gates had failed to provide Arnold with adequate reinforcements which would have turned the battle into an outright American victory, although there is not universal agreement on this matter. Gates was politically well connected to Congress. Some congressmen such as Richard Henry Lee, John Adams, and Samuel Adams wanted tighter Congressional control of the war effort and supported Gates. Although John Adams did not specifically call for Washington to be replaced, he worried that Washington was being made into a military idol, and was fearful of the effects of this upon republicanism. \n Links: a. Benedict Arnold b. Horatio Gates c. Horatio Gates d. John Burgoyne", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}447{"query": "Question: How many teams belong to the league that Macon left the Chicago Bears to play for in 1954? Passage:Macon was drafted in the second round (twentieth selection) of the 1952 NFL Draft by the Chicago Bears and became the first African-American player on the team; he spent two years as a halfback and return specialist. He was the second African-American to be drafted by the Bears; the first, George Taliaferro, was drafted by them in 1949, but chose to play in the All-America Football Conference. With the Bears, Macon rushed for 324 yards and two touchdowns on 70 attempts while catching 14 passes for 49 yards and two touchdowns. On 22 kick returns, he averaged 30.5 yards per return and 5.9 yards on 24 punt returns. He left the Bears in 1954 to play for the Calgary Stampeders of the Canadian Football League. Bears coach and owner George Halas was not pleased about his departure, blackballing Macon and suing him for $100,000. As a result, the Bears refused to acknowledge Macon being on the team. After being out of football for two years, which he spent as a longshoreman, Macon joined the Hamilton Tiger-Cats in 1957 before leaving in 1959 to resume his longshoreman career, but later joined the Oakland Raiders of the American Football League in 1960. With the Raiders, Macon was converted to defensive back, and was tied for second in the league with nine interceptions, which earned him All-Pro honors.\n Links: a. Stevedore b. Blackballing c. All-America Football Conference d. Canadian Football League", "pos": "Question: How many NFL championships have been won by the team that drafted Garrett in 1954? Passage:Born in Los Angeles, California, Garrett was an All-American quarterback at Stanford University, where he also starred as a defensive back. In 1953, he became the third person to receive the W.J. Voit Memorial Trophy as the outstanding football player on the Pacific Coast. After he was named most valuable player of the Hula Bowl, he was drafted by the Cleveland Browns as the first overall selection in the 1954 NFL Draft. The Browns had needed someone to take over for the veteran Otto Graham, but they soon discovered that Garrett had a liability as a quarterback: he stuttered, which made calling plays difficult.\n Links: a. Otto Graham b. Stanford University c. W. J. Voit Memorial Trophy d. Cleveland Browns", "neg": "Question: How many teams were in the same league as the Force? Passage:This is a list of seasons completed by the Georgia Force. The Force are a professional arena football franchise of the Arena Football League (AFL), based in Gwinnett County, Georgia, and plays its home games at the Arena at Gwinnett Center. The original team was established in 1997 as the Nashville Kats, and relocated to Georgia for the 2002 season, but similar to the Baltimore Ravens of the National Football League, who were previously the Cleveland Browns, the Force do not retain the history of the Kats, and are considered an expansion team. The Force found some success in the AFL, winning their division in three out of their final four seasons, but appeared in only one ArenaBowl in their existence, which was a losing effort. Prior to the 2009 season, the AFL announced that it had suspended operations indefinitely and canceled the 2009 season. The Force then announced that they would cease operations permanently.\n Links: a. Baltimore Ravens b. Arena Football League c. Baltimore Ravens d. Professional sports league organization", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}448{"query": "Question: Are Tyga and the person he collaborated with for Fan of a Fan more than 10 years apart in age? Passage:American rapper Tyga has released seven studio albums, three compilation albums, nineteen mixtapes, seventy-four singles (including thirty-four as a featured artist) and forty-six music videos. In 2008, Tyga released his first studio album, No Introduction, on the record label Decaydance Records. The album featured the single \"Coconut Juice\", which features singer Travie McCoy; the song peaked at number 94 on the US Billboard Hot 100, becoming Tyga's first song to appear on the chart. In 2010, Tyga and American singer Chris Brown released the collaborative mixtape Fan of a Fan, which included the single \"Deuces\": the song peaked at number 14 on the Billboard Hot 100 and became Tyga's first song to chart on the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, peaking at number one. Tyga also appeared on the song \"Loyalty\", a single by fellow rapper Birdman, and collaborated with rapper Lil Wayne on the non-album single \"I'm on It\", both of which failed to chart on the Billboard Hot 100.\n Links: a. Chris Brown b. Single (music) c. Compilation album d. Music video", "pos": "Question: Has the person Tyga collaborated with for \"I'm on It\" collaborated with less than 5 people? Passage:American rapper Tyga has released seven studio albums, three compilation albums, nineteen mixtapes, seventy-four singles (including thirty-four as a featured artist) and forty-six music videos. In 2008, Tyga released his first studio album, No Introduction, on the record label Decaydance Records. The album featured the single \"Coconut Juice\", which features singer Travie McCoy; the song peaked at number 94 on the US Billboard Hot 100, becoming Tyga's first song to appear on the chart. In 2010, Tyga and American singer Chris Brown released the collaborative mixtape Fan of a Fan, which included the single \"Deuces\": the song peaked at number 14 on the Billboard Hot 100 and became Tyga's first song to chart on the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, peaking at number one. Tyga also appeared on the song \"Loyalty\", a single by fellow rapper Birdman, and collaborated with rapper Lil Wayne on the non-album single \"I'm on It\", both of which failed to chart on the Billboard Hot 100.\n Links: a. Lil Wayne b. No Introduction c. Chris Brown d. Travie McCoy", "neg": "Question: What is the birthplace of the person who sang \"Loyalty\"? Passage:American rapper Tyga has released seven studio albums, three compilation albums, nineteen mixtapes, seventy-four singles (including thirty-four as a featured artist) and forty-six music videos. In 2008, Tyga released his first studio album, No Introduction, on the record label Decaydance Records. The album featured the single \"Coconut Juice\", which features singer Travie McCoy; the song peaked at number 94 on the US Billboard Hot 100, becoming Tyga's first song to appear on the chart. In 2010, Tyga and American singer Chris Brown released the collaborative mixtape Fan of a Fan, which included the single \"Deuces\": the song peaked at number 14 on the Billboard Hot 100 and became Tyga's first song to chart on the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, peaking at number one. Tyga also appeared on the song \"Loyalty\", a single by fellow rapper Birdman, and collaborated with rapper Lil Wayne on the non-album single \"I'm on It\", both of which failed to chart on the Billboard Hot 100.\n Links: a. DCD2 Records b. Deuces (song) c. Birdman (rapper) d. Travie McCoy", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}449{"query": "Question: What is the nationality of the artist who were commissioned by the Deveron Projects to create new walking work? Passage:In 2010, Deveron Projects commissioned Hamish Fulton to create a new walking work for Huntly. The resulting piece 21 Days in the Cairngorms (2010) featured two group slow-walks, as well as a group of walkers to see Fulton off on the first day of his twenty-day journey, and new and unusual experience for Fulton. This project inspired the development of the Walking Institute and a further focus on walking as an artistic medium. In 2012 Ethiopian artist Mihret Kebede developed Slow Marathon, an artistic project in response to her inability to walk from her hometown of Addis Ababa to Huntly. The project consisted of an accumulative marathon that included miles donated remotely by international participants, as well as two twenty-six mile walks in Huntly and Addis Ababa. Ultimately, over five-hundred individuals participated in the project and donated 14172.4 miles, a total of 540 marathons. The project has since become an annual event, created in conjunction with artists working with Devon Projects The 2013 Slow Marathon, Cabrach to Huntly, was held on John Muir Day and served as the official launch of the Institute. The 2014 event started at the Glenkindie on the edge of the Cairngorms National Park. Other Walking Institute projects have included: In the Footsteps of Nan Shepherd: a long distance walk looking by Simone Kenyon at issues, plights and pleasures of women walking in wilderness; Huntly Perambulator, a series of walks by Clare Qualmann looking at walking with prams; Hielan’ Ways, a programme that included poetry (Alec Finlay), music (Paul Anderson) and art (Simone Kenyon, Gillian Russel). Hielan’ Ways explored the old drover routes that cross north-east Scotland and culminated in a symposium with contributions from mountaineer Doug Scott , Turner Prize-winning artist Richard Long and the Cloud Appreciation Society. In 2015 Anthony Schrag completed The Lure of the Lost: A Contemporary Pilgrimage, a 2500 km walk from Huntly to the Venice Biennale in Italy.\n Links: a. Clare Qualmann b. Hamish Fulton c. Venice Biennale d. Anthony Schrag", "pos": "Question: In what country did  Bricher produce Morning at Grand Manan? Passage:Bricher was born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. He was educated in an academy at Newburyport, Massachusetts. He began his career as a businessman in Boston, Massachusetts. When not working, he studied at the Lowell Institute. He also studied with Albert Bierstadt, William Morris Hunt, and others. He attained noteworthy skill in making landscape studies from nature, and after 1858 devoted himself to the art as a profession. He opened a studio in Boston, and met with some success there. In 1868 he moved to New York City, and at the National Academy of Design that year he exhibited “Mill-Stream at Newburyport.” Soon afterward he began to use watercolors in preference to oils, and in 1873 was chosen a member of the American Watercolor Society. In the 1870s, he primarily did maritime themed paintings, with attention to watercolor paintings of landscape, marine, and coastwise scenery. He often spent summers in Grand Manan, where he produced such notable works as Morning at Grand Manan (1878). In 1879, Bricher was elected into the National Academy of Design as an Associate member.\n Links: a. Lowell Institute b. Grand Manan c. William Morris Hunt d. William Morris Hunt", "neg": "Question: Who was the first recipient of the award Gill was longlisted for in 2004 and 2006? Passage:Christopher William \"Will\" Gill, BFA (born July 5, 1968) is a Canadian contemporary artist known for his wide-ranging works in sculpture, painting, photography and video. Born and raised in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, he received his Bachelor of Fine Arts in 1991 from Mount Allison University, where he studied sculpture and printmaking. In 1997 he moved to St. John's, Newfoundland. \"Some of Gill's notable works have drawn upon the Newfoundland landscape. In the 2009 performance Cape Spear, he tossed fibreglass-encased glow sticks off of the easternmost point of North America using a catapult.\" \"The 2009 installation Bareneed is a replica of a cast-iron bathtub that Gill saw on the bottom of the ocean floor while sea-kayaking near the titular coastal community (the artist himself has noted that the St. John's setting has been key to his art production).\" Gill was longlisted for the Sobey Art Award in 2004 and 2006. In March 2013, Gill was selected from a group of 31 artists to create an indoor public art installation in the lobby of a new office building in St. John's, set to open in the spring of 2014 - the first private juried art commission in the province awarded to a local artist. From June to November 2013 he exhibited along with artist Peter Wilkins as part of an official Collateral Project at the 2013 Venice Biennale.\n Links: a. St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador b. Ottawa c. Bachelor of Fine Arts d. Sobey Art Award", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}450{"query": "Question: When did the operation which  the 3251st participated in direct support of the 45th Infantry Division begin? Passage: After taking part in both the Louisiana and the Carolina Maneuvers, B Company deployed to Oran, Algeria in November 1942 in support of the Mediterranean Base Section. In June 1944, the 3251st deployed to Italy in support of the 5th Army's Rome/Arno campaign. The 3251st was transferred to the 7th Army and remained under its command for the rest of the war. The 3251st participated in Operation Dragoon in direct support of the 45th Infantry Division under the command of the 240th Quartermaster Battalion and then supported the divisions of the 7th Army as they fought their way across France into Germany. The 3251st returned to the United States through the Newport News Port of Embarcation aboard the AP-116 General Meigs on 13 October 1945.\n Links: a. Carolina Maneuvers b. Operation Dragoon order of battle c. Italy d. USS General M. C. Meigs", "pos": "Question: How long had the 34th Army been in existence when the 82nd Rifle Corps was formed? Passage:The corps was formed as part of the 34th Army of the Northwestern Front on 15 July 1943 under the command of Major General Pavel Kuznetsov, who led it for the rest of the war. It initially existed as a headquarters without assigned troops, and transferred to the Reserve of the Supreme High Command in August with the 1st and 10th Guards Airborne Divisions. In September it was transferred to the 37th Army of the Steppe Front (the 2nd Ukrainian Front from 20 October), being reinforced by the 188th Rifle Division. The corps fought in the capture of Left-bank Ukraine east of Kremenchuk, then crossed the Dnieper and captured a bridgehead northwest of Mishurin Rog during the Battle of the Dnieper. Between October and December it attacked towards Krivoi Rog. The 1st Guards Airborne was replaced by the 89th Guards Rifle Division in October, and the latter was replaced by the 28th Guards Rifle Division the following month. The 15th Guards Rifle Division replaced the 10th Guards Airborne in January 1944.\n Links: a. Reserve of the Supreme High Command b. 34th Army (Soviet Union) c. Reserve of the Supreme High Command d. 15th Guards Rifle Division", "neg": "Question: What was operation Dragoon? Passage:The Sixth Army Group was originally created in Corsica, France (specifically activated on 29 July 1944) as \"Advanced Allied Force HQ\", a special headquarters within AFHQ (the headquarters of Henry Maitland Wilson, the Supreme Commander Mediterranean Theatre) commanded by Lieutenant General Jacob L. Devers. Its initial role was to supervise the planning of the combined French and American forces which invaded southern France in Operation Dragoon and provide liaison between these forces and AFHQ. Dragoon was the operational responsibility of the Seventh United States Army commanded by Lt. Gen. Alexander Patch. Available to Patch were three corps (US VI Corps and French I and II Corps) and 24,000 Maquis of the Forces Francaises de l'Interieur. The two French corps constituted French Army B commanded by Général Jean de Lattre de Tassigny which was later renamed French First Army. Although Sixth Army Group Headquarters was officially activated on 1 August, it consisted of only the personnel of the Advanced Detachment AFHQ and, for reasons of security, retained the detachment title. The Advanced Detachment headquarters on Corsica had no command or operational duties and functioned primarily as a liaison and coordinating agency while preparing itself for the day it would become operational in France as Sixth Army Group headquarters.\n Links: a. 1st Army (France) b. Henry Maitland Wilson c. Operation Dragoon d. Alexander Patch", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}451{"query": "Question: Which city was larger - the city La Clue was blockaded into by Osborn, or the city he was trying to get to and join the fleet? Passage:By October 1757 Rowley had been given the task of commissioning the 60-gun fourth-rate . Once launched she joined Admiral Henry Osborn’s fleet of 14 ships of the line in the Mediterranean. Osborn was at the time blockading the French under Admiral La Clue in the Spanish city of Cartagena preventing them from joining the fleet off Louisburg in Nova Scotia. French command had ordered the Marquis Duquesne to break through the British blockade and reinforce La Clue and then with superiority of numbers break out of Cartagena and make their way to America. Osborn intercepted Duquesne and his three ships of the line and one frigate. The subsequent action became known as the Battle of Cartagena and took place on 28 February 1758. Osborn's squadron captured two of the French line of battle ships and, under the guns of the Spanish castle the 60-gun French Oriflamme was driven on shore by the Montagu and the . Whilst the battle was not particularly grand the annihilation of the forces under Duquesne had two distinct effects. Firstly, the battle restored much of the pride that had been sapped from the navy after several defeats including those at Toulon and Minorca. Secondly, the siege of Louisburg and its surrender led to the French being marginalised as a significant power in North America. The battle can therefore be considered by the British as one of the defining achievements of the Seven Years' War. Had La Clue managed to break out from Osborn's close blockade the modern map of North America might appear quite different.\n Links: a. Cartagena, Spain b. Louisbourg c. Nova Scotia d. Siege of Louisbourg (1758)", "pos": "Question: How many fleets did Henry Osborn command during his career? Passage:By October 1757 Rowley had been given the task of commissioning the 60-gun fourth-rate . Once launched she joined Admiral Henry Osborn’s fleet of 14 ships of the line in the Mediterranean. Osborn was at the time blockading the French under Admiral La Clue in the Spanish city of Cartagena preventing them from joining the fleet off Louisburg in Nova Scotia. French command had ordered the Marquis Duquesne to break through the British blockade and reinforce La Clue and then with superiority of numbers break out of Cartagena and make their way to America. Osborn intercepted Duquesne and his three ships of the line and one frigate. The subsequent action became known as the Battle of Cartagena and took place on 28 February 1758. Osborn's squadron captured two of the French line of battle ships and, under the guns of the Spanish castle the 60-gun French Oriflamme was driven on shore by the Montagu and the . Whilst the battle was not particularly grand the annihilation of the forces under Duquesne had two distinct effects. Firstly, the battle restored much of the pride that had been sapped from the navy after several defeats including those at Toulon and Minorca. Secondly, the siege of Louisburg and its surrender led to the French being marginalised as a significant power in North America. The battle can therefore be considered by the British as one of the defining achievements of the Seven Years' War. Had La Clue managed to break out from Osborn's close blockade the modern map of North America might appear quite different.\n Links: a. Henry Osborn (Royal Navy officer) b. Henry Osborn (Royal Navy officer) c. Siege of Louisbourg (1758) d. Fourth-rate", "neg": "Question: What country was the French fleet at when Osborn blockaded La Clue from joining the rest of the French fleet? Passage:By October 1757 Rowley had been given the task of commissioning the 60-gun fourth-rate . Once launched she joined Admiral Henry Osborn’s fleet of 14 ships of the line in the Mediterranean. Osborn was at the time blockading the French under Admiral La Clue in the Spanish city of Cartagena preventing them from joining the fleet off Louisburg in Nova Scotia. French command had ordered the Marquis Duquesne to break through the British blockade and reinforce La Clue and then with superiority of numbers break out of Cartagena and make their way to America. Osborn intercepted Duquesne and his three ships of the line and one frigate. The subsequent action became known as the Battle of Cartagena and took place on 28 February 1758. Osborn's squadron captured two of the French line of battle ships and, under the guns of the Spanish castle the 60-gun French Oriflamme was driven on shore by the Montagu and the . Whilst the battle was not particularly grand the annihilation of the forces under Duquesne had two distinct effects. Firstly, the battle restored much of the pride that had been sapped from the navy after several defeats including those at Toulon and Minorca. Secondly, the siege of Louisburg and its surrender led to the French being marginalised as a significant power in North America. The battle can therefore be considered by the British as one of the defining achievements of the Seven Years' War. Had La Clue managed to break out from Osborn's close blockade the modern map of North America might appear quite different.\n Links: a. Seven Years' War b. Nova Scotia c. Nova Scotia d. Cartagena, Spain", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}452{"query": "Question: When was the university where William Alexander Graham graduated from established? Passage:James Graham (January 7, 1793 – September 25, 1851) a Congressional Representative from North Carolina; born in Lincoln County, North Carolina, January 7, 1793; brother of William Alexander Graham; pursued classical studies and graduated from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1814; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1818 and commenced practice in Rutherford County, North Carolina; member of the State house of representatives in 1822, 1823, 1824, 1828, and 1829; elected as a National Republican to the Twenty-third Congress (March 4, 1833 – March 3, 1835); presented credentials as a National Republican Member-elect to the Twenty-fourth Congress and served from March 4, 1835, to March 29, 1836, when the seat was declared vacant; subsequently elected as a National Republican to the same Congress; reelected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses and served from December 5, 1836, to March 3, 1843; chairman, Committee on Public Expenditures (Twenty-seventh Congress); unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1842 to the Twenty-eighth Congress; elected as a Whig to the Twenty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1845 – March 3, 1847); was not a candidate for renomination in 1846; engaged in agricultural pursuits near Rutherfordton, North Carolina, where he died September 25, 1851.\n Links: a. Whig Party (United States) b. North Carolina c. 29th United States Congress d. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill", "pos": "Question: Where was Thomas Kenan's great grandfather born? Passage:Thomas Stephen Kenan (February 12, 1838 – December 23, 1911) was a Confederate soldier, and later a politician. His parents were Sarah Rebecca Graham and Owen Rand Kenan; he was the grandson of U.S. Congressman Thomas Kenan and great-grandson of Revolutionary War general James Kenan. He started his education in Duplin County, North Carolina at Old Grove Academy in Kenansville (the town was named for his great-grandfather in 1818). Later he spent a year at Central Military Institute in Selma, Alabama. Thomas spent his freshman year of college at Wake Forest in June. Thomas then transferred his sophomore year to the University of North Carolina, where he would graduate in 1857. He studied law for two years with Judge Pearson at Richmond Hill where he practiced law in Kenansville. After graduation and during the Civil War he became Captain of the Duplin Rifles in the Confederate States Army, elected lieutenant colonel of the 43rd North Carolina Infantry Regiment in April 1862, and was promoted to colonel later that year. He was wounded at the Battle of Gettysburg. While on an ambulance train, he and his older brother James Kenan were both captured; they were then imprisoned on Johnson's Island, Ohio. On March 22, 1865, he was released on parole but never switched sides during the war. On his return home he was elected to the state legislature from 1865 to 1867. Later that year he ran for Congress and lost. Not letting that defeat end his political career, he moved to Wilson, North Carolina, where he became mayor and was elected North Carolina Attorney General, serving from 1877 to 1885. In May 1868 he married Miss Sallie Dortch, but they had no children; Sallie died in 1916.\n Links: a. 43rd North Carolina Infantry b. American Civil War c. Owen Rand Kenan d. James Kenan", "neg": "Question: When was the university that Thomas Kenan graduated from in 1857 founded? Passage:Thomas Stephen Kenan (February 12, 1838 – December 23, 1911) was a Confederate soldier, and later a politician. His parents were Sarah Rebecca Graham and Owen Rand Kenan; he was the grandson of U.S. Congressman Thomas Kenan and great-grandson of Revolutionary War general James Kenan. He started his education in Duplin County, North Carolina at Old Grove Academy in Kenansville (the town was named for his great-grandfather in 1818). Later he spent a year at Central Military Institute in Selma, Alabama. Thomas spent his freshman year of college at Wake Forest in June. Thomas then transferred his sophomore year to the University of North Carolina, where he would graduate in 1857. He studied law for two years with Judge Pearson at Richmond Hill where he practiced law in Kenansville. After graduation and during the Civil War he became Captain of the Duplin Rifles in the Confederate States Army, elected lieutenant colonel of the 43rd North Carolina Infantry Regiment in April 1862, and was promoted to colonel later that year. He was wounded at the Battle of Gettysburg. While on an ambulance train, he and his older brother James Kenan were both captured; they were then imprisoned on Johnson's Island, Ohio. On March 22, 1865, he was released on parole but never switched sides during the war. On his return home he was elected to the state legislature from 1865 to 1867. Later that year he ran for Congress and lost. Not letting that defeat end his political career, he moved to Wilson, North Carolina, where he became mayor and was elected North Carolina Attorney General, serving from 1877 to 1885. In May 1868 he married Miss Sallie Dortch, but they had no children; Sallie died in 1916.\n Links: a. University of North Carolina b. Thomas S. Kenan c. North Carolina d. Duplin County, North Carolina", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}453{"query": "Question: How old was the person who replaced Himmatsinhji in 1954 when Himmatsinhji died? Passage:After a brief period in the diplomatic service, Himmatsinhji returned to the army, seeing service in the Second World War. A war-substantive lieutenant-colonel at the war's end, he eventually reached the rank of major-general. He was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire (CIE) in the 1946 New Year Honours. He was elected to the Central Legislative Assembly, India's pre-independence lower house, in 1946, and was later a member of the Constituent Assembly, the transitional body established after independence. A member of the Indian National Congress, he was a party whip before being appointed Deputy Minister of Defence in Jawaharlal Nehru's first ministry. In this position he chaired a committee responsible for recommended improvements to India's defences along its border with what was then the Kingdom of Tibet, prior to China's invasion and eventually annexation. Upon retirement, Himmatsinhji was appointed the first lieutenant-governor of Himachal Pradesh, a newly created Part C state of India. He served in the position from 1952 to 1954, when he was succeeded by Bajrang Bahadur Singh. Himmatsinhji died in January 1973.\n Links: a. Indian Foreign Service b. Bajrang Bahadur Singh c. Whip (politics) d. Bajrang Bahadur Singh", "pos": "Question: When was the General who would become the future chief of army staff born? Passage:Ayub Khan joined the Royal Military College, Sandhurst as a trainee in July 1926. He was commissioned as a 2nd Lt. on 2 February 1928 in the 1/14th Punjab Regiment (1st Battalion of the 14th Punjab Regiment) of the British Indian Army – before this he was attached to the Royal Fusiliers. Amongst those who passed out with him was the future chief of army staff of the Indian Army, General Joyanto Nath Chaudhuri who served as the army chief from 1962 to 1966 while Ayub was the president of Pakistan during the time. After the standard probationary period of service in the British Army, he was appointed to the British Indian Army on 10 April 1929, joining the 1/14th Punjab Regiment Sherdils, now known as 5th Punjab Regiment.\n Links: a. Chief of the Army Staff (India) b. Jayanto Nath Chaudhuri c. 19th Punjabis d. British Army", "neg": "Question: What were Himmatisinhji's responsibilities in the position he held just before becoming Deputy Minister of Defence? Passage:After a brief period in the diplomatic service, Himmatsinhji returned to the army, seeing service in the Second World War. A war-substantive lieutenant-colonel at the war's end, he eventually reached the rank of major-general. He was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire (CIE) in the 1946 New Year Honours. He was elected to the Central Legislative Assembly, India's pre-independence lower house, in 1946, and was later a member of the Constituent Assembly, the transitional body established after independence. A member of the Indian National Congress, he was a party whip before being appointed Deputy Minister of Defence in Jawaharlal Nehru's first ministry. In this position he chaired a committee responsible for recommended improvements to India's defences along its border with what was then the Kingdom of Tibet, prior to China's invasion and eventually annexation. Upon retirement, Himmatsinhji was appointed the first lieutenant-governor of Himachal Pradesh, a newly created Part C state of India. He served in the position from 1952 to 1954, when he was succeeded by Bajrang Bahadur Singh. Himmatsinhji died in January 1973.\n Links: a. Whip (politics) b. Indian National Congress c. Bajrang Bahadur Singh d. Indian National Congress", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}454{"query": "Question: In what city is the highest point in the British Isles at above sea level? Passage:The Grampian Mountains (Am Monadh in Gaelic) are one of the three major mountain ranges in Scotland, occupying a considerable portion of the Scottish Highlands in northern Scotland. The other major mountain ranges in Scotland are the Northwest Highlands and the Southern Uplands. The Grampian range extends southwest to northeast between the Highland Boundary Fault and the Great Glen, occupying almost half of the land area of Scotland and including the Cairngorms and the Lochaber hills. The range includes many of the highest mountains in the British Isles, including Ben Nevis (the highest point in the British Isles at above sea level) and Ben Macdui (the second highest at ). \n Links: a. Ben Nevis b. Ben Nevis c. Cairngorms d. Mountain", "pos": "Question: How far is it from the beginning of the glen to it's end? Passage:Glen Tilt (Scottish Gaelic: Gleann Teilt) is a glen in the extreme north of Perthshire, Scotland. Beginning at the confines of Aberdeenshire, it follows a South-westerly direction excepting for the last 4 miles, when it runs due south to Blair Atholl. It is watered throughout by the Tilt, which enters the Garry after a course of 14 miles, and receives on its right the Tarf, which forms some beautiful falls just above the confluence, and on the left the Fender, which has some fine falls also. The attempt of George Murray, 6th Duke of Atholl to close the glen to the public was successfully contested by the Scottish Rights of Way Society in 1847. The massive mountain of Beinn a' Ghlò and its three Munros Càrn nan Gabhar (1129 m), Bràigh Coire Chruinn-bhalgain (1070 m) and Càrn Liath (975) dominate the glen's eastern lower half.\n Links: a. Aberdeenshire b. Scottish Gaelic c. Scottish Gaelic d. Scottish Gaelic", "neg": "Question: How tall is the second-highest point in the British Isles at above sea level? Passage:The Grampian Mountains (Am Monadh in Gaelic) are one of the three major mountain ranges in Scotland, occupying a considerable portion of the Scottish Highlands in northern Scotland. The other major mountain ranges in Scotland are the Northwest Highlands and the Southern Uplands. The Grampian range extends southwest to northeast between the Highland Boundary Fault and the Great Glen, occupying almost half of the land area of Scotland and including the Cairngorms and the Lochaber hills. The range includes many of the highest mountains in the British Isles, including Ben Nevis (the highest point in the British Isles at above sea level) and Ben Macdui (the second highest at ). \n Links: a. Scottish Gaelic b. Ben Macdui c. Highland Boundary Fault d. Highland Boundary Fault", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}455{"query": "Question: Did Hamasaki's pop ballad or more rocking song have a better chart position? Passage:It opens with two club-driven tracks: an interlude titled \"Bridge to the Sky\", and the promotional titular song. \"Disco-munication\" is the second interlude on the album, blending \"sophisticated\" electric guitars with electronic music. \"Energize\" is another electronic track, and is one of the only numbers on the album that include English phases (\"Put your hands up together, keep your heads up forever, let me sing forever,\"). The fifth track \"Sparkle\" was noted as a club song with an electronic arrangement, similar to the follow-up song \"Rollin'\". Both tracks feature autotune and vocoder pro-tools, a first for Hamasaki. The album's sixth track, \"Green\", shows a departure from the album's earlier electronic style; it focuses more on older traditional Japanese sound, alongside instrumentation of electric guitars and drums. The album's third interlude, \"Load of the Shugyo\", was described as an \"atmospheric\" number with heavy rock instruments in its composition. Rock music is then influenced on the following tracks \"Identity\"—a song that discusses about self-confidence—the single \"Rule\", and the tune \"Love 'n' Hate\", which talks about the effects of lust. The album's fourth and final interlude \"Pieces of Seven\" was noted for its \"atmospheric\" sounds of an ocean, until the second half of the track diverges into a harder rock style. \"Days\" is the album's first pop ballad, and is described as a love song. It closes with the ballad \"Curtain Call\", which features a choir and piano riffs throughout its composition.\n Links: a. Ocean b. Days/Green c. Ocean d. Rule/Sparkle", "pos": "Question: Which of The Cars' greatest hit singles has sold the most? Passage:Their third album, Panorama, was released in 1980. Although it peaked at number 5 on the Billboard 200 and has been certified Platinum, it was less commercially successful than its predecessors. A single, \"Touch and Go\", peaked at number 37 on the Billboard Hot 100. Their next album, Shake It Up (1981), fared better commercially, going platinum by the end of the year and spawning their first Top 10 single with its title track. 1984's Heartbeat City was the band's most successful, hitting number 3 on the Billboard 200. Its lead single, \"You Might Think\", reached number 7 in the US, with three more singles: \"Magic\", \"Drive\", and \"Hello Again\" reaching number 12, 3, and 20, respectively on the Billboard Hot 100. Their Greatest Hits album, released later that year, contained the singles \"Tonight She Comes\" and a remixed version of \"I'm Not the One\", and has gone 6x platinum. Their final album before their breakup, Door to Door (1987), spawned the single \"You Are the Girl\" which reached number 17 on the Hot 100; it was their last Top 40 hit as a band.\n Links: a. Panorama (The Cars album) b. Touch and Go (The Cars song) c. Touch and Go (The Cars song) d. Tonight She Comes", "neg": "Question: What's an instrument strongly associated with the traditional music found in the album's sixth track? Passage:It opens with two club-driven tracks: an interlude titled \"Bridge to the Sky\", and the promotional titular song. \"Disco-munication\" is the second interlude on the album, blending \"sophisticated\" electric guitars with electronic music. \"Energize\" is another electronic track, and is one of the only numbers on the album that include English phases (\"Put your hands up together, keep your heads up forever, let me sing forever,\"). The fifth track \"Sparkle\" was noted as a club song with an electronic arrangement, similar to the follow-up song \"Rollin'\". Both tracks feature autotune and vocoder pro-tools, a first for Hamasaki. The album's sixth track, \"Green\", shows a departure from the album's earlier electronic style; it focuses more on older traditional Japanese sound, alongside instrumentation of electric guitars and drums. The album's third interlude, \"Load of the Shugyo\", was described as an \"atmospheric\" number with heavy rock instruments in its composition. Rock music is then influenced on the following tracks \"Identity\"—a song that discusses about self-confidence—the single \"Rule\", and the tune \"Love 'n' Hate\", which talks about the effects of lust. The album's fourth and final interlude \"Pieces of Seven\" was noted for its \"atmospheric\" sounds of an ocean, until the second half of the track diverges into a harder rock style. \"Days\" is the album's first pop ballad, and is described as a love song. It closes with the ballad \"Curtain Call\", which features a choir and piano riffs throughout its composition.\n Links: a. Music of Japan b. Ocean c. Ocean d. Ocean", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}456{"query": "Question: What makes up a majority of the stuff in landfills other than plastic and paper? Passage:He started by surveying different areas of the country to better understand what types of garbage survives under different climates. He found there was little difference between the sites because the garbage is compacted. The California landfills did have less paper than those in Illinois. Recycling is thought to be the cause of the paper difference between states. Rathje's research uncovered some other misconceptions about landfills. In particular, it was revealed that the rate of natural biodegradation is far slower than had been assumed (e.g., in capacity planning). It was found that the plastic bottles that were crushed at the top were able to be re-inflated easier than those that were at the bottom because of a new system of bottle making called light-weighting. This is the process of using less plastic in bottles to conserve material and save money. Light-weighting is not limited to plastic alone; this process is used for aluminum and paper as well. Rathje also found that Americans were wrong about what they thought they threw away most. When combined, the three most infamous types of trash—diapers, fast food containers, and Styrofoam—amounted to less than three percent of the landfill's waste. Rathje found that plastic was 20-24 percent of waste and paper alone was 40 percent of the waste found in landfills. Thirteen percent of this paper waste was from newspapers. Rathje states the irony of this fact in his book. He talks about how newspapers are usually the ones that report things such as waste and pollution and it is these same newspapers clogging the landfills. Rathje discusses the rate of closing landfills and how for every six small landfills closed one large landfill opens. At the time he published his book he predicted that in the next five years 50 percent of the landfills open at the time would close. He determined this from his findings. In an effort for states to prevent their area becoming a large landfill often states ship their trash to other states. States such as Michigan are taking measures to prevent their state from being the landing spot for the nation's trash. Michigan has found that in the past years most of their rise in trash rates are because of trash imports from Canada.\n Links: a. Landfill b. Ship c. Ship d. Landfill", "pos": "Question: What dietary items do the Inuit and Metis people have in common with one another? Passage:The year 2007 saw for the first time a racially-tailored Guide: the Food Guide for First Nations, Inuit and Métis people was born. For all other Canadians, the name evolved to Eating Well with Canada's Food Guide. The recognition of the multi-cultural nature of Canada meant that the food guide needed to balloon, to six pages in a fold-out pamphlet as opposed to the recto-verso poster format that had been used in days of yore. Obesity was recognised as a dietary problem. The Milk Products group became known as the Milk and Alternatives group, as \"fortified soy beverage\" was officially introduced to accommodate \"non-milk drinkers\". A guidance to reduce consumption of trans fats and replace saturated fats with unsaturated fats was identified. Instead of the cod-liver oil of days gone by, Canadians over 50 years of age were invited to consume vitamin D dietary supplements in order to normalise the method of ingestion by pharmaceutical pill. The choice of healthy foods was linked to the food label. A more \"ethnically diverse\" range of foods was depicted in order to reflect the European detonation of Canada. Nine age and sex groups were identified for specific recommendations but the LGBTQ lobby was still in its infancy and so no mention of them was made. \"Three Advisory Groups provided guidance and advice throughout the revision process – the DRI Expert Advisory Committee, an Interdepartmental Working Group and the Food Guide Advisory Committee\". An \"extensive consultation with a range of stakeholders regarding the 1992 Food Guide\" was duly noted. The Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) tool from the American Institute of Medicine was introduced to the Canadian taxpayer, as the NAFTA made its presence felt on the dinner table.\n Links: a. Inuit b. Métis c. North American Free Trade Agreement d. Obesity", "neg": "Question: Which river is longer, the river that drains the central portion of the county, or the river that drains the western portion? Passage:The damming of the Hackensack River and a tributary, the Pascack Brook, produced three reservoirs in the county, Woodcliff Lake Reservoir (which impounds one billion gallons of water), Lake Tappan (3.5 billion gallons), and Oradell Reservoir, which allows United Water to provide drinking water to 750,000 residents of northern New Jersey, mostly in Bergen and Hudson counties. The Hackensack River drains the eastern portion of the county through the New Jersey Meadowlands, a wetlands area in the southern portion of the county. The central portion is drained by the Saddle River and the western portion is drained by the Ramapo River. Both of these are tributaries of the Passaic River, which forms a section of the southwestern border of the county.\n Links: a. Passaic River b. Saddle River (Passaic River tributary) c. Oradell Reservoir d. Passaic River", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}457{"query": "Question: In what year did the sketch that inspired the gravestone inscriptions in Plants vs. zombies first air on television? Passage:Plants vs. Zombies uses many cultural references in its names of stages and others. The gravestones' inscriptions (\"Expired\", \"Ceased to Exist\", \"Just Resting\", etc.) were taken from Monty Python's \"Dead Parrot sketch\". Three of the mini-games—\"Zombiquarium\", \"Beghouled\" and \"Beghouled Twist\"—take their names from two other PopCap games: Insaniquarium, Bejeweled and Bejeweled Twist respectively. Two levels in \"vasebreaker\" puzzles, \"Scary Potter\" and \"Ace of Vase\", take their names from Harry Potter and Ace of Base. Similarly, the \"I, Zombie\" (a reference to Isaac Asimov's \"I, Robot\") puzzles have levels called \"Dead Zeppelin\" (resembling Led Zeppelin) and \"All your brainz r belong to us\" (a play on the gaming meme \"All your base are belong to us\"). The name of the Torchwood plant is a reference to Doctor Who and its spin-off show Torchwood. Originally, the dancing zombie resembled Michael Jackson from the short film \"Thriller\". Though the Jackson-inspired zombie was present in the game before Jackson's death, the estate of Michael Jackson objected to its inclusion more than a year after his death; PopCap agreed to remove the Jackson-inspired zombie and replaced it with a more generic disco-dancing one for all future patches and releases of the game. A \"disclaimer\" in the game's almanac states \"Any resemblance between Dancing Zombie and any persons living or dead is purely coincidental.\" Some Plants vs. Zombies advertisements parody controversial Evony ads, showing a drooling zombie instead of a voluptuous woman.\n Links: a. Harry Potter b. Dead Parrot sketch c. All your base are belong to us d. All your base are belong to us", "pos": "Question: How long has the network been in existence that first aired the Busy World of Richard Scarry? Passage:The Busy World of Richard Scarry is an American/Canadian/French animated children's television series, produced by CINAR Animation (now known as DHX Media, previously Cookie Jar Entertainment) and France Animation in association with Paramount Television, which aired from 1994 to 1997, first on Showtime, later on Nickelodeon, and ran for 65 episodes. The television series was based on the books drawn and written by Richard Scarry. Reruns of the show formerly aired in syndication as part of the Cookie Jar Kids Network block, but the show now continues to air on the Cookie Jar Toons block on This TV until October 26, 2013. Reruns of the show aired on Qubo from May 13, 2013, to September 25, 2016. However, it returned to Qubo on March 28, 2017, as part of the network's Night Owl block until May 26, 2018, and currently airs on Light TV.\n Links: a. Light TV b. Showtime (TV network) c. This TV d. Paramount Television", "neg": "Question: When did the TV show that Dalek Attack is based on first air? Passage:Dalek Attack is a computer game based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who, in which the player controls the Doctor and fights recurring adversaries, the Daleks and other enemies. In most versions of the game, the player can choose between playing as the Fourth, Fifth or Seventh Doctor; in the MS-DOS and Amiga versions, the player can play as the Second, Fourth or Seventh Doctor, and in the ZX Spectrum version only the Seventh Doctor was available. A second player may play as the Doctor's companion (Ace or a UNIT soldier, although in the Spectrum version only Ace is available). K-9 also makes appearances later in the game as does Davros, creator of the Daleks in the TV series, as the final end of level boss. The game is set in London, Paris, New York, Tokyo and Skaro.\n Links: a. Davros b. Companion (Doctor Who) c. Ace (Doctor Who) d. Doctor Who", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}458{"query": "Question: What manufacturer was Teddy Tetzlaff driving for in the 1914 Indianapolis 500? Passage:There were 45 entrants for the race, but only the quickest 30 drivers during the elimination trials would qualify for the race. The first day of trials was completed on the Monday before the race, 25 May. Caleb Bragg set the fastest official time on the first day, recording 1:36.8, though it was reckoned that Howdy Wilcox went quicker, but his time was not officially recorded. Ralph DePalma, a crowd favourite, struggled in his Mercedes and could only manage a quickest time of 1:47.4, slower than the 1:45 that it was predicted drivers would have to beat in order to qualify. Only fifteen of the drivers ran on the first day, and they continued with two session on the Tuesday. On the second day, three drivers set record times around the Speedway: first the 1912 winner, Joe Dawson, set an unofficial lap time of 1:34.8. Later in the day Teddy Tetzlaff completed a lap in 1:33.4, while Jules Goux finished the day as the fastest driver, with a time of 1:31.7. Tetzlaff's lap was completed in a Maxwell which was fuelled with a 50:50 mix of gasoline and kerosene; the other Maxwell, driven by Billy Carlson, set a time of 1:36.6 fuelled by a combination of kerosene and lucubrating oil, with no gasoline. Ray Harroun, who had won the inaugural Indianapolis 500 in 1911, designed the Maxwell car, and was given $10,000 () by the company's president as a reward for the cars qualifying with sub-1:37 times.\n Links: a. Maxwell automobile b. Jules Goux c. Ralph DePalma d. Teddy Tetzlaff", "pos": "Question: What car did Sommer drive in the Vanderbilt Cup? Passage:Sommer was born in Mouzon, in the Ardennes département of France, into a wealthy Sedan carpet-making family. His father, Roger Sommer, broke the Wright Brothers' record for the longest flight in 1909. It was not until 1931 that Raymond started to display daredevil tendencies of his own, entering motor races in a privateer Chrysler Imperial. The following year, he won the 24 Hours of Le Mans race, despite having to drive over 20 hours solo after his teammate, Luigi Chinetti, retired ill. During the 1930s, Sommer was to dominate the French endurance classic, winning again in 1933 driving an Alfa Romeo alongside Tazio Nuvolari. He also led every race until 1938, only to suffer a mechanical failure, once when 12 laps in the lead. Sommer traveled to Long Island, New York, to compete in the 1936 Vanderbilt Cup where he finished fourth behind the winner, Nuvolari.\n Links: a. Luigi Chinetti b. Long Island c. Tazio Nuvolari d. Vanderbilt Cup", "neg": "Question: Did Ralph DePalma qualify for the 1914 Indianapolis 500? Passage:There were 45 entrants for the race, but only the quickest 30 drivers during the elimination trials would qualify for the race. The first day of trials was completed on the Monday before the race, 25 May. Caleb Bragg set the fastest official time on the first day, recording 1:36.8, though it was reckoned that Howdy Wilcox went quicker, but his time was not officially recorded. Ralph DePalma, a crowd favourite, struggled in his Mercedes and could only manage a quickest time of 1:47.4, slower than the 1:45 that it was predicted drivers would have to beat in order to qualify. Only fifteen of the drivers ran on the first day, and they continued with two session on the Tuesday. On the second day, three drivers set record times around the Speedway: first the 1912 winner, Joe Dawson, set an unofficial lap time of 1:34.8. Later in the day Teddy Tetzlaff completed a lap in 1:33.4, while Jules Goux finished the day as the fastest driver, with a time of 1:31.7. Tetzlaff's lap was completed in a Maxwell which was fuelled with a 50:50 mix of gasoline and kerosene; the other Maxwell, driven by Billy Carlson, set a time of 1:36.6 fuelled by a combination of kerosene and lucubrating oil, with no gasoline. Ray Harroun, who had won the inaugural Indianapolis 500 in 1911, designed the Maxwell car, and was given $10,000 () by the company's president as a reward for the cars qualifying with sub-1:37 times.\n Links: a. Maxwell automobile b. 1911 Indianapolis 500 c. Ralph DePalma d. Gasoline", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}459{"query": "Question: How many people attended the conference held near Berlin in January 1942? Passage:Following the invasion of Poland in 1939 most of the 3.5 million Polish Jews were rounded up and put into newly established ghettos by Nazi Germany. The system was intended to isolate the Jews from the outside world in order to facilitate their exploitation and abuse. The supply of food was inadequate, living conditions were cramped and unsanitary, and the Jews had no way to earn money. Malnutrition and lack of medicine led to soaring mortality rates. In 1941, the initial victories of the Wehrmacht over the Soviet Union inspired plans for the German colonisation of occupied Poland, including all territory within the new district of General Government. At the Wannsee Conference held near Berlin on 20 January 1942, new plans were outlined for the genocide of the Jews, known as the \"Final Solution\" to the Jewish Question. The extermination programme was codenamed Aktion Reinhard in German, to differentiate it from the Einsatzgruppen mass killing operations in territories conquered by Nazi Germany, in which half a million Jews had already been annihilated.\n Links: a. Einsatzgruppen b. Wannsee Conference c. Operation Reinhard d. General Government", "pos": "Question: What year did Bolivia and Paraguay go to war over the Gran Chaco? Passage:When Peru and Colombia disputed over a town in the headwaters of the Amazon, Lester presided over the committee which found an equitable solution. He also presided over the less successful committee when Bolivia and Paraguay went to war over the Gran Chaco. In 1933, Lester was seconded to the League's Secretariat and sent to Danzig (now Gdańsk, Poland), as the League of Nations' High Commissioner from 1934 to 1937. The Free City of Danzig was the scene of an emerging international crisis between Nazi Germany and the international community over the issue of the Polish Corridor and the Free City's relationship with the Third Reich. During this period Lester repeatedly protested to the German government against its persecution and discrimination of the Jews and warned the League of the looming disaster for Europe. For this reason he was boycotted by both the representatives of the German Reich and the representatives of the Nazi Party in Danzig.\n Links: a. Polish Corridor b. Chaco War c. High commissioner d. Jews", "neg": "Question: How many people were sent to the Berg concentration camp? Passage:Sachnowitz was one of 772 Jews to be deported to Auschwitz. He was arrested together with other men in the family on 26 October 1942. Sheriff Gran in Stokke arrested them and sent them to Berg concentration camp. The deportation to Germany happened on the German transport ship in November 1942. Only 34 of the deported Jews survived the stay in Auschwitz and the other concentration camps. Sachnowitz attended the death march from the camp in Buna on 18 January 1945, and they walked 80 km the first day. He estimated that his group consisted of up to 100,000 prisoners, most of whom died under the march. From Gliwice they were sent with train which went all over the present-day Czech republic and Austria and finally arrived in the camp at Dora at Nordhausen after approximately 10 days. The prisoners at Dora and Buchenwald worked in underground factories with building V-1 flying bombs and V-2 rockets. Sachnowitz was a witness of the many bodies, which each only weighed 35–40 kg, which were burnt outside the camp in huge fires or sent to the crematorium at Buchenwald. From Dora Sachnowitz and his comrades were sent by foot to Bergen-Belsen. Sachnowitz was at the end of the war transferred to Bergen-Belsen, which was freed by British forces. Sachnowitz was the only surviving Norwegian in Bergen-Belsen and he was on 28 April 1945 evacuated together with other prisoners to a hospital in Eindhoven. From there he was sent to a hospital in Copenhagen, Denmark, and received proper treatment.\n Links: a. V-2 rocket b. Mittelbau-Dora concentration camp c. Berg concentration camp d. Czech Republic", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}460{"query": "Question: How many people live in the city that Hardy made his WWF debut in? Passage:Hardy cites Sting, The Ultimate Warrior, and Shawn Michaels as his childhood inspirations to wrestle. He started on World Wrestling Federation (WWF) television as a jobber—a wrestler who consistently loses to make his opponents look stronger. His first WWF match was against Razor Ramon on May 23, 1994 in Youngstown, Ohio, with Randy Savage mentioning on commentary, \"Welcome to the big time\". His ringname that night, Keith Davis, was the name of Razor's scheduled jobber, who backed out on short notice. Gary Sabaugh, who had brought Hardy in a group along with Davis, suggested him to agent Tony Garea, who agreed after Hardy claimed he was 18 (he was in fact, only 16). The next day, he wrestled under his real name against The 1–2–3 Kid, and the match aired on the June 25 episode of Superstars. He occasionally wrestled as a jobber as late as 1997 (including a match against Rob Van Dam during the ECW \"invasion\" storyline that had Hardy billed as being from Virginia instead of Cameron, North Carolina) before beginning his first major run in 1998.\n Links: a. Randy Savage b. Job (professional wrestling) c. Youngstown, Ohio d. WWE", "pos": "Question: Where was Hardy's first WWF opponent born? Passage:Hardy cites Sting, The Ultimate Warrior, and Shawn Michaels as his childhood inspirations to wrestle. He started on World Wrestling Federation (WWF) television as a jobber—a wrestler who consistently loses to make his opponents look stronger. His first WWF match was against Razor Ramon on May 23, 1994 in Youngstown, Ohio, with Randy Savage mentioning on commentary, \"Welcome to the big time\". His ringname that night, Keith Davis, was the name of Razor's scheduled jobber, who backed out on short notice. Gary Sabaugh, who had brought Hardy in a group along with Davis, suggested him to agent Tony Garea, who agreed after Hardy claimed he was 18 (he was in fact, only 16). The next day, he wrestled under his real name against The 1–2–3 Kid, and the match aired on the June 25 episode of Superstars. He occasionally wrestled as a jobber as late as 1997 (including a match against Rob Van Dam during the ECW \"invasion\" storyline that had Hardy billed as being from Virginia instead of Cameron, North Carolina) before beginning his first major run in 1998.\n Links: a. WWF Superstars of Wrestling b. Randy Savage c. Scott Hall d. Cameron, North Carolina", "neg": "Question: When was the place that hosted Hardy's first WWF match founded? Passage:Hardy cites Sting, The Ultimate Warrior, and Shawn Michaels as his childhood inspirations to wrestle. He started on World Wrestling Federation (WWF) television as a jobber—a wrestler who consistently loses to make his opponents look stronger. His first WWF match was against Razor Ramon on May 23, 1994 in Youngstown, Ohio, with Randy Savage mentioning on commentary, \"Welcome to the big time\". His ringname that night, Keith Davis, was the name of Razor's scheduled jobber, who backed out on short notice. Gary Sabaugh, who had brought Hardy in a group along with Davis, suggested him to agent Tony Garea, who agreed after Hardy claimed he was 18 (he was in fact, only 16). The next day, he wrestled under his real name against The 1–2–3 Kid, and the match aired on the June 25 episode of Superstars. He occasionally wrestled as a jobber as late as 1997 (including a match against Rob Van Dam during the ECW \"invasion\" storyline that had Hardy billed as being from Virginia instead of Cameron, North Carolina) before beginning his first major run in 1998.\n Links: a. Job (professional wrestling) b. Youngstown, Ohio c. The Ultimate Warrior d. Scott Hall", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}461{"query": "Question: Which of the two countries Taylor emigrated to by 1890 has a greater population? Passage:Taylor was born in 1861 in Peckham, to John and Mary Jane Cash. He worked in stockbroker's office in London and in 1880s he emigrated to South Africa and than to Western Australia in early 1890 following the Ashburton rush. In January 1891, he settled in Southern Cross, where he worked as a merchant and stockbroker. Three years later, he moved his operations at Coolgardie, where a promising gold field had been just discovered. Sitting at the town council, he was elected on 3 August 1896 one of the three members of the Western Australian Legislative Council for the East Province. He was one of the ten Western Australia representatives at the 1897-1898 Australasian Federal Convention, which prepared the federation. He left the council in 1899 to focus on speculative developments. He made estimated 250,000 pounds in speculating in Australia, before moving back to Europe to speculate on London Stock Exchange.\n Links: a. South Africa b. Coolgardie Gold Mine c. Shire of Ashburton d. Western Australia", "pos": "Question: What is the population of the town where Gawler established his own firm? Passage:Gawler was born in Adelaide, South Australia, to Caroline (née Philpot) and Henry Gawler. His grandfather, George Gawler, was the second Governor of South Australia. Gawler attended St Peter's College, Adelaide, and then studied law at the University of Adelaide. Gawler was called to the bar in South Australia in 1886, and left for Western Australia later that year, establishing his own firm in Perth. At one time, he was in partnership with Robert Bruce Burnside, a future Supreme Court justice. Having previously served on the Peppermint Grove Road Board for a period, Gawler was elected to parliament at a 1910 Legislative Council by-election, which had been caused by the resignation of Walter Kingsmill. He died in office in May 1915 (aged 54), of typhoid fever. He had married Eva Mary Waldeck in 1893, with whom he had four children.\n Links: a. Perth b. Shire of Peppermint Grove c. St Peter's College, Adelaide d. Typhoid fever", "neg": "Question: When was Taylor's place of birth founded? Passage:Taylor was born in 1861 in Peckham, to John and Mary Jane Cash. He worked in stockbroker's office in London and in 1880s he emigrated to South Africa and than to Western Australia in early 1890 following the Ashburton rush. In January 1891, he settled in Southern Cross, where he worked as a merchant and stockbroker. Three years later, he moved his operations at Coolgardie, where a promising gold field had been just discovered. Sitting at the town council, he was elected on 3 August 1896 one of the three members of the Western Australian Legislative Council for the East Province. He was one of the ten Western Australia representatives at the 1897-1898 Australasian Federal Convention, which prepared the federation. He left the council in 1899 to focus on speculative developments. He made estimated 250,000 pounds in speculating in Australia, before moving back to Europe to speculate on London Stock Exchange.\n Links: a. Coolgardie, Western Australia b. Federation of Australia c. Peckham d. Federation of Australia", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}462{"query": "Question: What is the current population of the city where Bricher began his career as a businessman?   Passage:Bricher was born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. He was educated in an academy at Newburyport, Massachusetts. He began his career as a businessman in Boston, Massachusetts. When not working, he studied at the Lowell Institute. He also studied with Albert Bierstadt, William Morris Hunt, and others. He attained noteworthy skill in making landscape studies from nature, and after 1858 devoted himself to the art as a profession. He opened a studio in Boston, and met with some success there. In 1868 he moved to New York City, and at the National Academy of Design that year he exhibited “Mill-Stream at Newburyport.” Soon afterward he began to use watercolors in preference to oils, and in 1873 was chosen a member of the American Watercolor Society. In the 1870s, he primarily did maritime themed paintings, with attention to watercolor paintings of landscape, marine, and coastwise scenery. He often spent summers in Grand Manan, where he produced such notable works as Morning at Grand Manan (1878). In 1879, Bricher was elected into the National Academy of Design as an Associate member.\n Links: a. New York City b. Newburyport, Massachusetts c. Portsmouth, New Hampshire d. Boston", "pos": "Question: When was the school where Bricher studied in Boston founded? Passage:Bricher was born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. He was educated in an academy at Newburyport, Massachusetts. He began his career as a businessman in Boston, Massachusetts. When not working, he studied at the Lowell Institute. He also studied with Albert Bierstadt, William Morris Hunt, and others. He attained noteworthy skill in making landscape studies from nature, and after 1858 devoted himself to the art as a profession. He opened a studio in Boston, and met with some success there. In 1868 he moved to New York City, and at the National Academy of Design that year he exhibited “Mill-Stream at Newburyport.” Soon afterward he began to use watercolors in preference to oils, and in 1873 was chosen a member of the American Watercolor Society. In the 1870s, he primarily did maritime themed paintings, with attention to watercolor paintings of landscape, marine, and coastwise scenery. He often spent summers in Grand Manan, where he produced such notable works as Morning at Grand Manan (1878). In 1879, Bricher was elected into the National Academy of Design as an Associate member.\n Links: a. Oil painting b. American Watercolor Society c. Morning at Grand Manan d. Lowell Institute", "neg": "Question: In what country did  Bricher produce Morning at Grand Manan? Passage:Bricher was born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. He was educated in an academy at Newburyport, Massachusetts. He began his career as a businessman in Boston, Massachusetts. When not working, he studied at the Lowell Institute. He also studied with Albert Bierstadt, William Morris Hunt, and others. He attained noteworthy skill in making landscape studies from nature, and after 1858 devoted himself to the art as a profession. He opened a studio in Boston, and met with some success there. In 1868 he moved to New York City, and at the National Academy of Design that year he exhibited “Mill-Stream at Newburyport.” Soon afterward he began to use watercolors in preference to oils, and in 1873 was chosen a member of the American Watercolor Society. In the 1870s, he primarily did maritime themed paintings, with attention to watercolor paintings of landscape, marine, and coastwise scenery. He often spent summers in Grand Manan, where he produced such notable works as Morning at Grand Manan (1878). In 1879, Bricher was elected into the National Academy of Design as an Associate member.\n Links: a. Lowell Institute b. Grand Manan c. William Morris Hunt d. William Morris Hunt", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}463{"query": "Question: Is the woman Nick romances after Felicia older or younger than her? Passage:Nick Payne arrives in town after a shipwreck. Soon, he is romancing Brooke Logan. This eventually puts him at odds with her fiancée, Ridge Forrester. Their rivalry is exacerbated when his mother, Jacqueline Payne, reveals to Nick that he is the son of his employer, billionaire shipping magnate Massimo Marone making him Ridge's half-brother. Brooke chooses to marry Ridge. They go on their honeymoon in South America, where Ridge is kidnapped by a group of thugs working for Sheila Carter, a criminal who killed Ridge's wife Taylor Hayes. While saving Ridge, Brooke and Nick end up also being held captive by Sheila, demanding gold from Massimo. Ridge falls into a furnace and is presumed dead. While grieving, Brooke and Nick have sex. It is later revealed that Ridge is alive. Brooke realizes she is pregnant and is unsure if Ridge or Nick is the father. A DNA test reveals Nick is the father but months its later revealed that Ridge is actually the father. Brooke nearly marries Nick but the wedding is stopped by Ridge. Nick later had a brief romance with Ridge's half-sister, Felicia Forrester. She returned to L.A with a son called Dominick. Later, Nick begins to romance Bridget Forrester. They get married (a small interruption in their ceremony which reveals that Taylor Hayes was alive stops the initial wedding) at the Forrester Mansion. Bridget becomes pregnant, but finds out that Nick and her own mother, Brooke, had begun an affair. She faked an abortion. Nick and Bridget's stillborn baby Nicole was born in early 2006. They split up soon after. Nick, wanting Brooke back, stopped her wedding to Ridge and succeeded. Brooke and Nick finally married soon afterward. On one of the fashion show television shows Ridge purposely gave Brooke a scandalizing kiss causing Nick to lose it. Ridge continues his constant sexual advances to Brooke to try to break up Nick and Brooke and decides to put Brooke's sister Donna Logan on as lead model for Brooke's Bedroom to make Brooke jealous. Brooke leaves Nick in their bedroom in a huff when she sees Donna on television scantily clad and representing Brooke's Bedroom and goes to Ridge's house to confront him about it. Nick later slept with Bridget. Also during this time, Jackie falls off the staircase at the Forrester mansion and falsely claims that Stephanie pushed her. Nick blackmails Eric Forrester and the rest of the Forresters into selling him Forrester Creations or Stephanie will face charges. Brooke, furious at Nick's treatment of the Forresters, sells him her stock as well, ends her marriage to Nick and returns to Ridge.\n Links: a. Bridget Forrester b. Jackie Marone c. Eric Forrester d. Bridget Forrester", "pos": "Question: What was the name of Daniel Romalotti and Daisy Carter's child? Passage:Abby protested in front the lobby of Jabot Cosmetics after Tucker McCall became the company owner. Abby did not know that her mother returned to become CEO. Then, Abby planned to start her own reality television show, entitled \"The Naked Heiress\", but she didn't have the money to fund her dream. After her parents refused to help her, Abby hired Rafe Torres as her lawyer to sue her parents for her inheritance. Soon after, she began flirting with Daniel Romalotti. When Billy and Victoria Newman Abbott refused to help Abby with her reality television dream, she blackmailed Billy in order to be featured in his magazine, Restless Style. She eventually revealed Billy and Victoria's secret Jamaican marriage to their family and friends. Seemingly unstoppable, the judge then denied Abby's plea for her inheritance. Meanwhile, Abby had sex with Daniel in the Newman pool house, and she recorded it for her reality show. Abby and Daniel's relationship was outed when Nikki Newman and Daniel's mother, Phyllis Summers, saw Abby and Daniel making out in public. Their relationship continued for a while, but when Abby found out that Daniel fathered a child with Daisy Carter, she broke up with him. After she witnessed her mother kissing Tucker McCall, she asked him to go into business with her. When Tucker turned her down, Abby decided to take a bubble bath in Katherine Chancellor's pool at the annual Chancellor Fourth of July party. Abby's inheritance was then withheld indefinitely. To spite her parents, Abby rode a horse, while naked, inside the Genoa City Athletic Club while Victor and Nikki were celebrating their engagement. She was arrested and thrown in jail. Upon her release, Abby decided to reopen her lawsuit against Victor, with the help of her uncle Jack Abbott. Later, Abby's half-siblings Victoria and Nicholas Newman joined her in her lawsuit. Victor tried to bargain with his children, but they wanted his cosmetics line, Beauty of Nature. He refused their offer, and with the help of testimonies from their estranged half-brother Adam Newman and Neil Winters, they each received $500 million in the settlement.\n Links: a. Daniel Romalotti b. List of The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) c. Independence Day (United States) d. Independence Day (United States)", "neg": "Question: Is the woman Nick is romancing older or younger than her fiancee? Passage:Nick Payne arrives in town after a shipwreck. Soon, he is romancing Brooke Logan. This eventually puts him at odds with her fiancée, Ridge Forrester. Their rivalry is exacerbated when his mother, Jacqueline Payne, reveals to Nick that he is the son of his employer, billionaire shipping magnate Massimo Marone making him Ridge's half-brother. Brooke chooses to marry Ridge. They go on their honeymoon in South America, where Ridge is kidnapped by a group of thugs working for Sheila Carter, a criminal who killed Ridge's wife Taylor Hayes. While saving Ridge, Brooke and Nick end up also being held captive by Sheila, demanding gold from Massimo. Ridge falls into a furnace and is presumed dead. While grieving, Brooke and Nick have sex. It is later revealed that Ridge is alive. Brooke realizes she is pregnant and is unsure if Ridge or Nick is the father. A DNA test reveals Nick is the father but months its later revealed that Ridge is actually the father. Brooke nearly marries Nick but the wedding is stopped by Ridge. Nick later had a brief romance with Ridge's half-sister, Felicia Forrester. She returned to L.A with a son called Dominick. Later, Nick begins to romance Bridget Forrester. They get married (a small interruption in their ceremony which reveals that Taylor Hayes was alive stops the initial wedding) at the Forrester Mansion. Bridget becomes pregnant, but finds out that Nick and her own mother, Brooke, had begun an affair. She faked an abortion. Nick and Bridget's stillborn baby Nicole was born in early 2006. They split up soon after. Nick, wanting Brooke back, stopped her wedding to Ridge and succeeded. Brooke and Nick finally married soon afterward. On one of the fashion show television shows Ridge purposely gave Brooke a scandalizing kiss causing Nick to lose it. Ridge continues his constant sexual advances to Brooke to try to break up Nick and Brooke and decides to put Brooke's sister Donna Logan on as lead model for Brooke's Bedroom to make Brooke jealous. Brooke leaves Nick in their bedroom in a huff when she sees Donna on television scantily clad and representing Brooke's Bedroom and goes to Ridge's house to confront him about it. Nick later slept with Bridget. Also during this time, Jackie falls off the staircase at the Forrester mansion and falsely claims that Stephanie pushed her. Nick blackmails Eric Forrester and the rest of the Forresters into selling him Forrester Creations or Stephanie will face charges. Brooke, furious at Nick's treatment of the Forresters, sells him her stock as well, ends her marriage to Nick and returns to Ridge.\n Links: a. Taylor Hayes (The Bold and the Beautiful) b. Brooke Logan c. Felicia Forrester d. The Bold and the Beautiful", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}464{"query": "Question: What is the length of the body of water that the Dutch ships avoided at the narrowest point? Passage:To avoid conflict with the English (with whom, due to the Third Anglo-Dutch War, the Dutch were at war), rather than passing through the English Channel, the ship was directed northwards where the plan would be to sail around the north of the British Isles (known as \"going north about\", which was commonly practised by Dutch East India ships at that time), before heading southwards again. Due to the extreme weather conditions in its journey northwards, the ship lost its masts and rudder, and southerly winds prevented the ship from being able to pass through either the Pentland Firth or the Fair Isle Channel, so the ship was (probably with considerable difficulty) taken into Ronas Voe in the north-west of Northmavine, Mainland, Shetland to shelter until the weather improved, and to allow the ship to be repaired. The voe (Shetland dialect for an inlet or fjord forms a crescent shape around Ronas Hill, which would have allowed the ship to lie sheltered regardless of the direction of the wind. A combination of prevailing southerly winds, and, presumably, a scarcity of suitable wood available in Shetland at that time to replace its masts prevented the ship from continuing its journey, and as such it remained in Ronas Voe until March 1674.\n Links: a. Shetland Scots b. Fair Isle Channel c. English Channel d. Dutch Republic", "pos": "Question: What country is the island the sailors thought they were sailing west of in the present day? Passage:Shovell's fleet of twenty-one ships left Gibraltar on 29 September, with serving as his own flagship, HMS Royal Anne as flagship of Vice-Admiral of the Blue Sir George Byng and as flagship of Rear-Admiral of the Blue Sir John Norris. The passage was marked by extremely bad weather and constant squalls and gales. As the fleet sailed out on the Atlantic, passing the Bay of Biscay on their way to England, the weather worsened and storms gradually pushed the ships off their planned course. Finally, on the night of 22 October 1707 Old Style, (2 November 1707 by the modern calendar), the squadron entered the mouth of the English Channel and Shovell's sailing masters believed they were on the last leg of their journey. The fleet was thought to be sailing safely west of Ushant, an island outpost off the coast of Brittany. However, because of a combination of the bad weather and the mariners' inability to accurately calculate their longitude, the fleet was off course and closing in on the Isles of Scilly instead. Before their mistake could be corrected, the fleet struck rocks and four ships were lost:\n Links: a. English Channel b. Brittany c. Ushant d. George Byng, 1st Viscount Torrington", "neg": "Question: What is the surface area of the body of water that the Royal Navy secured the approaches to after the outbreak of the First World War?   Passage:After the outbreak of the First World War, a priority for the Royal Navy was to secure the approaches to the English Channel, to prevent elements of the German High Seas Fleet from breaking out into the Atlantic, or from interfering with British maritime trade and convoys to the continent. Most of the major fleet units of the Grand Fleet had dispersed to the navy's anchorage at Scapa Flow or to other North Eastern ports to monitor the northern route from the North Sea into the Atlantic. Consequently, a number of patrol flotillas were organised along the south and east coasts of England, with commands established at several of the major ports in the region. The Dover Patrol was based at Dover, consisting mostly of destroyers, while a number of pre-dreadnoughts and cruisers were based at Portland Harbour. A large number of destroyers, flotilla leaders and light cruisers were centred at Harwich, under the command of Commodore Reginald Tyrwhitt.\n Links: a. English Channel b. Portland Harbour c. Cruiser d. Dover", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}465{"query": "Question: When was the school Gunnarsson attended from 1991 to 1992 founded? Passage:Gunnarsson was born in Borås, Sweden. Gunnarsson became a lieutenant in 1974 and he attended the Marine Corps Command and Staff College at the Marine Corps Base Quantico from 1991 to 1992. After his time at Quantico, Gunnarsson was posted to the Swedish Armed Forces Headquarters, Plans and Policy Directorate, as a section head. In 1994, he took command of one of the marine defense battalions in the Vaxholm Coastal Artillery Regiment (KA 1). Gunnarsson was commanding officer of the Marinens krigshögskola (MKHS) from 1995 to 1996 and was promoted to colonel in 1996. He was then sent to Croatia as Chief Military Observer of the United Nations Mission of Observers in Prevlaka (UNMOP) based out of Cavtat. Gunnarsson served as the first mission commander from January to November 1996. In 1997, he was promoted colonel 1st class, and posted as Chief of the Naval Staff. In 1999, he was promoted to major general and assumed the position of Assistant Head of Plans and Policy Directorate, Swedish Armed Forces Headquarters. This posting made him the Supreme Commander's main planner for long term planning and responsible for the Swedish Armed Forces' annual reports to the Ministry of Defence and the Riksdag. In 2002, Gunnarsson was promoted to lieutenant general and appointed head of the General Training and Management Directorate (Grundorganisationsledningen).\n Links: a. Marine Corps University b. United Nations Mission of Observers in Prevlaka c. Swedish Armed Forces d. Vaxholm Coastal Artillery Regiment", "pos": "Question: Was Oslo's police chief born in the city he protects? Passage:Meanwhile, at Oscarsborg Fortress near Drøbak, Colonel Birger Eriksen prepares his undermanned and inexperienced garrison for combat, while receiving reports from the outlying fortresses of incoming German ships. Early on the morning of 9 April, Eriksen spots the German cruiser Blücher entering Drøbak Sound. Despite having received no instructions from Oslo to engage, Eriksen considers the German ship to be hostile and gives the order to fire, and the fortress's guns and torpedo battery sink the Blücher. Prime Minister Nygaardsvold telephones the King, informing him of the impending invasion, and advises him to flee Oslo. The Royal Family boards a train for Hamar, where the Norwegian Parliament convenes to discuss negotiations with Germany. Bräuer meets Oslo's police chief Kristian Welhaven, his intermediary with the Norwegian Cabinet, to reassure them of his desire to negotiate; at the same time, Pohlman receives orders from Berlin to send paratroopers to Hamar to capture the King and the Cabinet. Nasjonal Samling leader Vidkun Quisling proclaims himself Prime Minister over the national radio, and calls upon the Norwegian people to accept the German occupation forces. Bräuer receives instructions from Hitler himself to go directly to the King and convince him to recognise Quisling's government, though Bräuer is convinced that neither Haakon nor the Cabinet will accept this.\n Links: a. Kristian Welhaven b. Oscarsborg Fortress c. Kristian Welhaven d. Hamar", "neg": "Question: In which country did Trousdell attend school as an officer? Passage:He was Commanding Officer of 1Bn Royal Irish Rangers from February 1989 to August 1991. He attended the Higher Command and Staff Course, graduating in April 1991, and was promoted to colonel on 30 June 1991. From August 1991 to January 1992, he was based in Northern Ireland, overseeing the amalgamation of the Ulster Defence Regiment and the Royal Irish Rangers into the Royal Irish Regiment. He was promoted to brigadier on 31 December 1991, with seniority from 30 June 1991. From January 1992 to November 1993, he was commanding officer of the 48 Gurkha Brigade in Hong Kong. He was posted to the Ministry of Defence from November 1993 until January 1997 as Director of Public Relations (Army).\n Links: a. Commanding officer b. Higher Command and Staff Course c. Ulster Defence Regiment d. Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}466{"query": "Question: Who was is the current head coach of the NBA team that drafted Fernández? Passage:On June 28, 2007, Fernández was taken 24th overall in the NBA draft by the Phoenix Suns, who subsequently traded his draft rights along with James Jones to the Portland Trail Blazers for cash. Rudy Fernández announced at a press conference on Friday, June 6, 2008, that he would leave DKV Joventut to join the Portland Trail Blazers for the 2008–09 NBA season, and he signed a contract with the Blazers on July 1. \"They [Portland] have shown a lot of interest in getting me and have assured me that I will be an important part in the team\", he said. Fernández joined the NBA team on September 22, 2008. He became the eighth Spaniard to play in the NBA. For the 2008–09 NBA season he joined several other fellow Spaniards in the league that included Pau and Marc Gasol, Jose Calderón, and Trail Blazers teammate Sergio Rodríguez. He entered the NBA following his participation with the Spain national team at the 2008 Olympic basketball tournament in Beijing, China.\n Links: a. Pau Gasol b. Phoenix Suns c. National Basketball Association d. Portland Trail Blazers", "pos": "Question: Which of the two NBA teams that Fernández was a member of has won more NBA titles? Passage:On June 28, 2007, Fernández was taken 24th overall in the NBA draft by the Phoenix Suns, who subsequently traded his draft rights along with James Jones to the Portland Trail Blazers for cash. Rudy Fernández announced at a press conference on Friday, June 6, 2008, that he would leave DKV Joventut to join the Portland Trail Blazers for the 2008–09 NBA season, and he signed a contract with the Blazers on July 1. \"They [Portland] have shown a lot of interest in getting me and have assured me that I will be an important part in the team\", he said. Fernández joined the NBA team on September 22, 2008. He became the eighth Spaniard to play in the NBA. For the 2008–09 NBA season he joined several other fellow Spaniards in the league that included Pau and Marc Gasol, Jose Calderón, and Trail Blazers teammate Sergio Rodríguez. He entered the NBA following his participation with the Spain national team at the 2008 Olympic basketball tournament in Beijing, China.\n Links: a. James Jones (basketball player) b. Phoenix Suns c. Phoenix Suns d. National Basketball Association", "neg": "Question: In what country is the team located that Fernández left in 2008 to join the Portland Trail Blazers? Passage:On June 28, 2007, Fernández was taken 24th overall in the NBA draft by the Phoenix Suns, who subsequently traded his draft rights along with James Jones to the Portland Trail Blazers for cash. Rudy Fernández announced at a press conference on Friday, June 6, 2008, that he would leave DKV Joventut to join the Portland Trail Blazers for the 2008–09 NBA season, and he signed a contract with the Blazers on July 1. \"They [Portland] have shown a lot of interest in getting me and have assured me that I will be an important part in the team\", he said. Fernández joined the NBA team on September 22, 2008. He became the eighth Spaniard to play in the NBA. For the 2008–09 NBA season he joined several other fellow Spaniards in the league that included Pau and Marc Gasol, Jose Calderón, and Trail Blazers teammate Sergio Rodríguez. He entered the NBA following his participation with the Spain national team at the 2008 Olympic basketball tournament in Beijing, China.\n Links: a. Club Joventut Badalona b. Marc Gasol c. Pau Gasol d. National Basketball Association", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}467{"query": "Question: Did the tallest building in the Dubai take longer to build than the second tallest building in Dubai? Passage:Dubai, the largest city in the United Arab Emirates, is home to many modern high-rises, 108 of which stand taller than . The tallest building in Dubai is the Burj Khalifa, which rises and contains 163 floors. The tower has stood as both the tallest building in the world and the tallest man-made structure of any kind in the world since its completion in January 2010. The second-tallest building in Dubai is the Marina 101, which also stands as the world's second tallest residential skyscraper. The skyscrapers of Dubai are, for the most part, clustered in three different locations. The land along E 11 Road was the first to develop, followed by the Dubai Marina neighborhood and the Business Bay district.\n Links: a. List of tallest buildings and structures b. Skyscraper c. List of tallest buildings and structures d. Burj Khalifa", "pos": "Question: How much did the construction of the Kauffman Center for the Performing Arts cost in USD? Passage:The Nelson-Atkins Museum opened its Euro-Style Bloch addition in 2007, and the Safdie-designed Kauffman Center for the Performing Arts opened in 2011. The Power and Light Building is influenced by the Art Deco style and sports a glowing sky beacon. The new world headquarters of H&R Block is a 20-story all-glass oval bathed in a soft green light. The four industrial artworks atop the support towers of the Kansas City Convention Center (Bartle Hall) were once the subject of ridicule, but now define the night skyline near the new Sprint Center along with One Kansas City Place (Missouri's tallest office tower), the KCTV-Tower (Missouri's tallest freestanding structure) and the Liberty Memorial, a World War I memorial and museum that flaunts simulated flames and smoke billowing into the night skyline. It was designated as the National World War I Museum and Memorial in 2004 by the United States Congress. Kansas City is home to significant national and international architecture firms including ACI Boland, BNIM, 360 Architecture, HNTB, Populous. Frank Lloyd Wright designed two private residences and Community Christian Church there.\n Links: a. Art Deco b. Populous (company) c. BNIM d. Kauffman Center for the Performing Arts", "neg": "Question: Was the Business Bay district completed by the time the tallest building in Dubai was open for business? Passage:Dubai, the largest city in the United Arab Emirates, is home to many modern high-rises, 108 of which stand taller than . The tallest building in Dubai is the Burj Khalifa, which rises and contains 163 floors. The tower has stood as both the tallest building in the world and the tallest man-made structure of any kind in the world since its completion in January 2010. The second-tallest building in Dubai is the Marina 101, which also stands as the world's second tallest residential skyscraper. The skyscrapers of Dubai are, for the most part, clustered in three different locations. The land along E 11 Road was the first to develop, followed by the Dubai Marina neighborhood and the Business Bay district.\n Links: a. Business Bay b. Dubai Marina c. List of tallest buildings and structures d. Skyscraper", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}468{"query": "Question: What actor played Daniel Romalotti? Passage:Abby protested in front the lobby of Jabot Cosmetics after Tucker McCall became the company owner. Abby did not know that her mother returned to become CEO. Then, Abby planned to start her own reality television show, entitled \"The Naked Heiress\", but she didn't have the money to fund her dream. After her parents refused to help her, Abby hired Rafe Torres as her lawyer to sue her parents for her inheritance. Soon after, she began flirting with Daniel Romalotti. When Billy and Victoria Newman Abbott refused to help Abby with her reality television dream, she blackmailed Billy in order to be featured in his magazine, Restless Style. She eventually revealed Billy and Victoria's secret Jamaican marriage to their family and friends. Seemingly unstoppable, the judge then denied Abby's plea for her inheritance. Meanwhile, Abby had sex with Daniel in the Newman pool house, and she recorded it for her reality show. Abby and Daniel's relationship was outed when Nikki Newman and Daniel's mother, Phyllis Summers, saw Abby and Daniel making out in public. Their relationship continued for a while, but when Abby found out that Daniel fathered a child with Daisy Carter, she broke up with him. After she witnessed her mother kissing Tucker McCall, she asked him to go into business with her. When Tucker turned her down, Abby decided to take a bubble bath in Katherine Chancellor's pool at the annual Chancellor Fourth of July party. Abby's inheritance was then withheld indefinitely. To spite her parents, Abby rode a horse, while naked, inside the Genoa City Athletic Club while Victor and Nikki were celebrating their engagement. She was arrested and thrown in jail. Upon her release, Abby decided to reopen her lawsuit against Victor, with the help of her uncle Jack Abbott. Later, Abby's half-siblings Victoria and Nicholas Newman joined her in her lawsuit. Victor tried to bargain with his children, but they wanted his cosmetics line, Beauty of Nature. He refused their offer, and with the help of testimonies from their estranged half-brother Adam Newman and Neil Winters, they each received $500 million in the settlement.\n Links: a. Billy Abbott b. Billy Abbott c. Daniel Romalotti d. List of The Young and the Restless characters (2000s)", "pos": "Question: Who normally played the character of Eddie Munster on the show that Beck had a brief appearance on? Passage:Beck was born to the actress Cindy Robbins. She starred in such movies as Massacre at Central High, Roller Boogie, and . Among her notable television credits are  General Hospital, Capitol (billed as Kimberly Beck-Hilton), Fantasy Island, Buck Rogers in the 25th Century (as one side of a Jekyll-and-Hyde character, whose counterpart was played by Trisha Noble), Westwind, The Brady Bunch, Dynasty, Lucas Tanner and Peyton Place (as the character Kim Schuster). As a child, she appeared in Alfred Hitchcock's Marnie and television commercials for such products as Mattel Toymakers Barbie and Chatty dolls. She had a very brief appearance on The Munsters as a transformed Eddie Munster after Eddie drank the rest of Grandpa's Texas Playgirl Potion in season 1, episode 33 entitled \"Lily Munster, Girl Model\". She starred on the pilot episode of Eight Is Enough as Nancy Bradford, the role that, in the series, went to Dianne Kay. She also had the role of Diane Porter in Rich Man, Poor Man Book II with Peter Strauss and appeared in a host of other well-received television miniseries productions. In 1968, she and her stepfather Tommy Leonetti, then working in Australia, recorded the single \"Let's Take a Walk\", released under the name of \"Tommy Leonetti and his daughter Kim\". It charted at #4 on the Melbourne charts.\n Links: a. Marnie (film) b. Cindy Robbins c. The Munsters d. Trisha Noble", "neg": "Question: What was the name of Daniel Romalotti and Daisy Carter's child? Passage:Abby protested in front the lobby of Jabot Cosmetics after Tucker McCall became the company owner. Abby did not know that her mother returned to become CEO. Then, Abby planned to start her own reality television show, entitled \"The Naked Heiress\", but she didn't have the money to fund her dream. After her parents refused to help her, Abby hired Rafe Torres as her lawyer to sue her parents for her inheritance. Soon after, she began flirting with Daniel Romalotti. When Billy and Victoria Newman Abbott refused to help Abby with her reality television dream, she blackmailed Billy in order to be featured in his magazine, Restless Style. She eventually revealed Billy and Victoria's secret Jamaican marriage to their family and friends. Seemingly unstoppable, the judge then denied Abby's plea for her inheritance. Meanwhile, Abby had sex with Daniel in the Newman pool house, and she recorded it for her reality show. Abby and Daniel's relationship was outed when Nikki Newman and Daniel's mother, Phyllis Summers, saw Abby and Daniel making out in public. Their relationship continued for a while, but when Abby found out that Daniel fathered a child with Daisy Carter, she broke up with him. After she witnessed her mother kissing Tucker McCall, she asked him to go into business with her. When Tucker turned her down, Abby decided to take a bubble bath in Katherine Chancellor's pool at the annual Chancellor Fourth of July party. Abby's inheritance was then withheld indefinitely. To spite her parents, Abby rode a horse, while naked, inside the Genoa City Athletic Club while Victor and Nikki were celebrating their engagement. She was arrested and thrown in jail. Upon her release, Abby decided to reopen her lawsuit against Victor, with the help of her uncle Jack Abbott. Later, Abby's half-siblings Victoria and Nicholas Newman joined her in her lawsuit. Victor tried to bargain with his children, but they wanted his cosmetics line, Beauty of Nature. He refused their offer, and with the help of testimonies from their estranged half-brother Adam Newman and Neil Winters, they each received $500 million in the settlement.\n Links: a. Daniel Romalotti b. List of The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) c. Independence Day (United States) d. Independence Day (United States)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}469{"query": "Question: What is the seating capacity of the entertainment facility on the west side of the street? Passage:State Street continues north through the Crescent neighborhood, past the site of the historic Crescent Elementary School, and enters Downtown Sandy. It intersects 10600 South, which becomes State Route 151 a short distance to the west, and passes a large retail area that includes big box stores and the South Towne Mall. The street climbs a small hill to pass over the Jordan and Salt Lake Canal, then passes a cemetery and a small amount of undeveloped greenfield land near the crossing of Dry Creek before reaching a larger hill into which the East Jordan Canal is carved. At the top of this hill, the street passes west of Jordan High School and the South Towne Expo Center before intersecting 9400 South (former State Route 209). A short distance north of that intersection, the East Jordan Canal passes back under the street on its way toward Holladay, and Rio Tinto Stadium fronts onto the street on the west side. Just before the intersection with 9000 South (modern State Route 209), State Street passes the site of a former smelter (which now has a medical center built on part of it). The street forms the western boundary of the Sandy Historic District from 9000 South to Pioneer Avenue (8530 South), and several historic buildings face onto it in this area. There is a traffic signal it the intersection with Sandy's Main Street at 8720 South. North of the historic district, State Street passes through some relatively lightly developed land near the city's border with Midvale, though there are some townhouse developments in progress in the area.\n Links: a. Rio Tinto Stadium b. Sandy Historic District c. Shops at South Town d. Rio Tinto Stadium", "pos": "Question: What is the population of the city where the East Jordan Canal is heading? Passage:State Street continues north through the Crescent neighborhood, past the site of the historic Crescent Elementary School, and enters Downtown Sandy. It intersects 10600 South, which becomes State Route 151 a short distance to the west, and passes a large retail area that includes big box stores and the South Towne Mall. The street climbs a small hill to pass over the Jordan and Salt Lake Canal, then passes a cemetery and a small amount of undeveloped greenfield land near the crossing of Dry Creek before reaching a larger hill into which the East Jordan Canal is carved. At the top of this hill, the street passes west of Jordan High School and the South Towne Expo Center before intersecting 9400 South (former State Route 209). A short distance north of that intersection, the East Jordan Canal passes back under the street on its way toward Holladay, and Rio Tinto Stadium fronts onto the street on the west side. Just before the intersection with 9000 South (modern State Route 209), State Street passes the site of a former smelter (which now has a medical center built on part of it). The street forms the western boundary of the Sandy Historic District from 9000 South to Pioneer Avenue (8530 South), and several historic buildings face onto it in this area. There is a traffic signal it the intersection with Sandy's Main Street at 8720 South. North of the historic district, State Street passes through some relatively lightly developed land near the city's border with Midvale, though there are some townhouse developments in progress in the area.\n Links: a. Holladay, Utah b. Sandy Historic District c. Rio Tinto Stadium d. Sandy Historic District", "neg": "Question: Of the two educational facilities, which one has more land? Passage:State Street continues north through the Crescent neighborhood, past the site of the historic Crescent Elementary School, and enters Downtown Sandy. It intersects 10600 South, which becomes State Route 151 a short distance to the west, and passes a large retail area that includes big box stores and the South Towne Mall. The street climbs a small hill to pass over the Jordan and Salt Lake Canal, then passes a cemetery and a small amount of undeveloped greenfield land near the crossing of Dry Creek before reaching a larger hill into which the East Jordan Canal is carved. At the top of this hill, the street passes west of Jordan High School and the South Towne Expo Center before intersecting 9400 South (former State Route 209). A short distance north of that intersection, the East Jordan Canal passes back under the street on its way toward Holladay, and Rio Tinto Stadium fronts onto the street on the west side. Just before the intersection with 9000 South (modern State Route 209), State Street passes the site of a former smelter (which now has a medical center built on part of it). The street forms the western boundary of the Sandy Historic District from 9000 South to Pioneer Avenue (8530 South), and several historic buildings face onto it in this area. There is a traffic signal it the intersection with Sandy's Main Street at 8720 South. North of the historic district, State Street passes through some relatively lightly developed land near the city's border with Midvale, though there are some townhouse developments in progress in the area.\n Links: a. Townhouse b. Jordan High School (Sandy, Utah) c. Shops at South Town d. Crescent Elementary School", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}470{"query": "Question: Who was the first person to ever reach the location that Wright learned of Scott's forthcoming expedition to? Passage:Born in Toronto, Ontario, Canada in 1887, the son of an insurance executive, Wright grew up in the Toronto neighbourhood of Rosedale. He was educated at Upper Canada College where he also became head boy. Despite wearing glasses, he excelled in sports and his spirit of adventure saw him spend some of his youth prospecting and canoeing in Canada's unmapped Far North. He studied Physics at the University of Toronto and won a scholarship for postgraduate study at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, England, undertaking research in cosmic rays at the Cavendish Laboratory from 1908-10. There he met Douglas Mawson, who had recently returned from Shackleton's 1907-9 British Antarctic Expedition, known as the Nimrod Expedition. Upon learning of Scott's forthcoming expedition to the geographic South Pole, Wright applied to join but was rejected. Undaunted, he walked from Cambridge to London, where he applied in person; this time, Scott accepted, and Wright was hired as expedition glaciologist and assistant physicist.\n Links: a. South Pole b. Ontario c. Cavendish Laboratory d. Ernest Shackleton", "pos": "Question: Which of the two Societies Seward was elected to was formed first? Passage:Seward was born in Lancaster. His first education was at Lancaster Grammar School and he then went on to St John's College, Cambridge, intending to fulfil parents' wish that he would dedicate his life to the Church. His boyhood interest in botany and zoology soon resurfaced, helped along by inspiring lectures from William Crawford Williamson. His aptitude soon became apparent and he was appointed lecturer in botany at Cambridge University in 1890, later becoming a tutor at Emmanuel, and still later succeeding Harry Marshall Ward as Professor of Botany, Cambridge University from 1906 to 1936. He was joint editor (with Francis Darwin) of More letters of Charles Darwin (1903). He was elected as fellow of the Royal Society in 1898 and was awarded the Murchison Medal of the Geological Society of London in 1908. In 1931 Seward dismissed the notion of a biological origin of stromatolites. This rejection became known as \"Seward's folly\".\n Links: a. Royal Society b. Lancaster Royal Grammar School c. Francis Darwin d. Royal Society", "neg": "Question: How many students are enrolled at the college where Wright studied physics? Passage:Born in Toronto, Ontario, Canada in 1887, the son of an insurance executive, Wright grew up in the Toronto neighbourhood of Rosedale. He was educated at Upper Canada College where he also became head boy. Despite wearing glasses, he excelled in sports and his spirit of adventure saw him spend some of his youth prospecting and canoeing in Canada's unmapped Far North. He studied Physics at the University of Toronto and won a scholarship for postgraduate study at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, England, undertaking research in cosmic rays at the Cavendish Laboratory from 1908-10. There he met Douglas Mawson, who had recently returned from Shackleton's 1907-9 British Antarctic Expedition, known as the Nimrod Expedition. Upon learning of Scott's forthcoming expedition to the geographic South Pole, Wright applied to join but was rejected. Undaunted, he walked from Cambridge to London, where he applied in person; this time, Scott accepted, and Wright was hired as expedition glaciologist and assistant physicist.\n Links: a. Cambridge b. South Pole c. University of Toronto d. Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}471{"query": "Question: When was the estate home built by Richard Child constructed? Passage:The main road going through Wanstead is the A12 and was the site of a Roman villa, whilst Wanstead Manor was a Saxon and Norman manor. It formed part of the Municipal Borough of Wanstead and Woodford in Essex from 1937 until 1965, when Greater London was created. The area has a largely suburban feel, containing open grasslands such as Wanstead Flats, and the woodland of Wanstead Park, part of Epping Forest. The park, with artificial lakes, was formerly part of the estate of a large stately home Wanstead House, built by Richard Child, 1st Earl Tylney, one of the finest Palladian mansions in Britain and the architectural inspiration for Mansion House, London. It was subsequently demolished to pay the gambling debts of a relation of the Duke of Wellington.\n Links: a. Wanstead House b. Richard Child, 1st Earl Tylney c. A12 road (England) d. Palladian architecture", "pos": "Question: How long did the ruler during the time that Hadleigh Castle was built reign for? Passage:Hadleigh Castle is a ruined fortification in the English county of Essex, overlooking the Thames Estuary from south of the town of Hadleigh. Built after 1215 during the reign of Henry III by Hubert de Burgh, the castle was surrounded by parkland and had an important economic and defensive role. The castle was significantly expanded and remodelled by Edward III, who turned it into a grander property, designed to defend against a potential French attack, as well as to provide the King with a convenient private residence close to London. Built on a soft hill of London clay, the castle has often been subject to subsidence; this, combined with the sale of its stonework in the 16th century, has led to it now being ruined. The remains are now preserved by English Heritage and protected under UK law as a Grade I listed building and scheduled monument.\n Links: a. Henry III of England b. Henry III of England c. London d. Henry III of England", "neg": "Question: What happened to the building that spanned 8 or 9 acres? Passage:William Briwere was granted the lordship of the Manor of Bridgwater by John of England in 1201, and founded Bridgwater Friary. Through Briwere's influence, King John granted three charters in 1200; for the construction of Bridgwater Castle, for the creation of a borough, and for a market. Bridgwater Castle was a substantial structure built in Old Red Sandstone, covering a site of 8 or 9 acres (32,000 to 36,000 m²). A tidal moat, up to wide in places, flowed about along the line of the modern thoroughfares of Fore Street and Castle Moat, and between Northgate and Chandos Street. The main entrance opposite the Cornhill was built with a pair of adjacent gates and drawbridges. In addition to a keep, located at the south-east corner of what is now King Square, documents show that the complex included a dungeon, chapel, stables and a bell tower. Built on the only raised ground in the town, the castle controlled the crossing of the town bridge. A thick portion of the castle wall and water gate can still be seen on West Quay, and the remains of a wall of a building that was probably built within the castle can be viewed in Queen Street. The foundations of the tower forming the north-east corner of the castle are buried beneath Homecastle House. William Briwere also founded St John's hospital which, by the time of the Dissolution of the Monasteries under Henry VIII, was worth the substantial sum of almost 121 pounds, as well as starting the construction of the town's first stone bridge. William Briwere also went on to found the Franciscan Bridgwater Friary in the town.\n Links: a. Borough b. Bell tower c. Bridgwater Castle d. Drawbridge", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}472{"query": "Question: What was the total cost of The Nelson Monument overlooking Portsmouth and The Nelson Monument on Glasgow Green? Passage:Nelson became – and remains – Britain's greatest naval war hero, and an inspiration to the Royal Navy, yet his unorthodox tactics were seldom emulated by later generations. The first monument to be erected in Britain to commemorate Nelson may be that raised on Glasgow Green in 1806, albeit possibly preceded by a monument at Taynuilt, near Oban in Scotland dated 1805, both also commemorating the many Scots crew and captains at the battle. The Nelson Monument on Glasgow Green was designed by David Hamilton and paid for by public subscription. Around the base are the names of his major victories: Aboukir (1798), Copenhagen (1801) and Trafalgar (1805). The Nelson Monument overlooking Portsmouth was built in 1807–08 with money subscribed by sailors and marines who served at Trafalgar. In 1808, Nelson's Pillar was erected by leading members of the Anglo-Irish aristocracy in Dublin to commemorate Nelson and his achievements (between 10% and 20% of the sailors at Trafalgar had been from Ireland), and remained until it was destroyed in a bombing by \"Old IRA\" members in 1966. Nelson's Monument in Edinburgh was built between 1807 and 1815 in the form of an upturned telescope, and in 1853 a time ball was added which still drops at noon GMT to give a time signal to ships in Leith and the Firth of Forth. In summer this coincides with the one o'clock gun being fired. The Britannia Monument in Great Yarmouth was raised by 1819. Nelson's Column, Montreal began public subscriptions soon after news of the victory at Trafalgar arrived; the column was completed in the autumn of 1809 and still stands in Place Jacques Cartier.\n Links: a. Nelson Monument, Edinburgh b. Nelson Monument, Portsdown Hill c. Nelson's Column, Montreal d. Nelson Monument, Portsdown Hill", "pos": "Question: How many men were likely on the HMS Antelope when it captured the HMS Belliqueux? Passage:The town was built on the mouth of a small tributary of the Severn Estuary near the mouth of the River Avon. The old pill or jetty provided protection for craft against the Bristol Channel's large tidal range, and iron rings can be seen in the high street at which fishing boats used to moor. Its position meant Portishead was used to guard the \"King Road\", as the waters around the headland are called. In 1497 it was the departure point for John Cabot on the Matthew. A fort was built on Battery Point, and was used during the English Civil War when the town supported the Royalists, but surrendered to Fairfax in 1645. Guns were also placed at Battery Point during World War II. The King Road was the site of a naval action in 1758 when HMS Antelope captured HMS Belliqueux, one of a French squadron returning from Quebec.\n Links: a. Severn Estuary b. HMS Antelope (1703) c. Bristol Channel d. Bristol Channel", "neg": "Question: What year was the monument that commemorated French victory at the Battle of Grand Port completed?  Passage:During the Napoleonic wars, Île de France became a base from which the French navy, including squadrons under Rear Admiral Linois or Commodore Jacques Hamelin, and corsairs such as Robert Surcouf, organised raids on British merchant ships. The raids (see Battle of Pulo Aura and Mauritius campaign of 1809–1811) continued until 1810 when the British sent a strong expedition to capture the island. The first British attempt, in August 1810, to attack Grand Port resulted in a French victory, one celebrated on the Arc de Triomphe in Paris. A subsequent and much larger attack launched in December of the same year from Rodrigues, which had been captured a year earlier, was successful. The British landed in large numbers in the north of the island and rapidly overpowered the French, who capitulated (see Invasion of Isle de France). In the Treaty of Paris (1814), the French ceded Île de France together with its territories including Rodrigues and Seychelles to Great Britain. The island then reverted to its former name, 'Mauritius'.\n Links: a. Jacques Félix Emmanuel Hamelin b. Jacques Félix Emmanuel Hamelin c. Rear admiral d. Arc de Triomphe", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}473{"query": "Question: Who wrote the letters that stated Nubian fighting men were sought after by kingdoms in Southwest Asia? Passage:During the Middle Kingdom military sophistication and strength continued to expand. Well-organized expeditions into Nubia were conducted, and a number of fortresses were built to control Nubian territory, such as the works at Buhen. Deep ditches surrounded some of these fortifications, with walls up to 24 feet thick, creating strong bases against rebellion or invasion. Recruiting quotas were assigned on a regional basis and designated scribes drafted soldiers as needed for the armies of the state. Striking forces were still primarily infantry-based, and tactics did not change drastically from previous eras. A key role in the strengthening of Egyptian forces was played by infantrymen from Nubia, both as spearmen and archers. Parts of Nubia were renowned for such fighting men, and indeed a part of the Nubian territory was called Ta-Seti or Land of the Bow by the Egyptians. The Egyptians and Nubians were ethnically the closest in the region, frequently exchanging people, genes, resources and culture over several centuries, and occasionally engaging one another in military conflict. Nubian fighting men were also sought as mercenaries by various kingdoms of Southwest Asia, according to the Amarna letters.\n Links: a. Amarna letters b. Amarna letters c. Nubians d. Buhen", "pos": "Question: How long was the reign of the pharaoh who  used 11,000 mercenaries during his battles? Passage:An early recorded use of foreign auxiliaries dates back to Ancient Egypt, the thirteenth century BC, when Pharaoh Ramesses II used 11,000 mercenaries during his battles. A long established foreign corps in the Egyptian forces were the Medjay—a generic term given to tribal scouts and light infantry recruited from Nubia serving from the late period of the Old Kingdom through that of the New Kingdom. Other warriors recruited from outside the borders of Egypt included Libyan, Syrian and Canaanite contingents under the New Kingdom and Sherdens from Sardinia who appear in their distinctive horned helmets on wall paintings as body guards for Ramesses II. Celtic mercenaries were greatly employed in the Greek world (leading to the sack of Delphi and the Celtic settlement of Galatia). The Greek rulers of Ptolemaic Egypt, too, used Celtic mercenaries. Carthage was unique for relying primarily on mercenaries to fight its wars, particularly Gaul and Spanish mercenaries.\n Links: a. Ramesses II b. Ptolemaic Kingdom c. Carthage d. Ramesses II", "neg": "Question: Which of the two kingdoms, during which time the term Medjay was used for tribal scouts from Nubia, lasted the longest? Passage:An early recorded use of foreign auxiliaries dates back to Ancient Egypt, the thirteenth century BC, when Pharaoh Ramesses II used 11,000 mercenaries during his battles. A long established foreign corps in the Egyptian forces were the Medjay—a generic term given to tribal scouts and light infantry recruited from Nubia serving from the late period of the Old Kingdom through that of the New Kingdom. Other warriors recruited from outside the borders of Egypt included Libyan, Syrian and Canaanite contingents under the New Kingdom and Sherdens from Sardinia who appear in their distinctive horned helmets on wall paintings as body guards for Ramesses II. Celtic mercenaries were greatly employed in the Greek world (leading to the sack of Delphi and the Celtic settlement of Galatia). The Greek rulers of Ptolemaic Egypt, too, used Celtic mercenaries. Carthage was unique for relying primarily on mercenaries to fight its wars, particularly Gaul and Spanish mercenaries.\n Links: a. New Kingdom of Egypt b. Ancient Greece c. Old Kingdom of Egypt d. Old Kingdom of Egypt", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}474{"query": "Question: How many miles long is the route that the James Bay Road is an extension of? Passage:The James Bay Road () is a remote wilderness highway winding its way through the Canadian Shield in northwestern Quebec and reaches into the James Bay region. It starts in Matagami as an extension of Route 109 and ends at Radisson. The road is fully paved, well maintained, and plowed during the winter. It was originally constructed to carry loads of 300 tons, and has mostly gentle curves and hills with wide shoulders. The road is maintained by the Eeyou Istchee James Bay Regional Government (formerly by the municipality of Baie-James). Connecting to other routes such as the Trans-Taiga Road and the Route du Nord, the highway draws tourists interested in reaching the remote wilderness surrounding James Bay, part of Hudson Bay.\n Links: a. Quebec b. Quebec Route 109 c. Quebec Route 109 d. Radisson, Quebec", "pos": "Question: How many people drive on the interstate that meets SR 126 at Exit 4 each day? Passage:SR 126 begins in Kingsport at an intersection with SR 93 at its interchange with I-26/US 23 (Exit 4). It goes northeast as a 4-lane undivided highway (known as Wilcox Drive) and immediately has an intersection with its business route, SR 126 Bus (old Wilcox Drive), before going through neighborhoods and industrialized areas before having an interchange with Jared Drive and crossing a bridge over the South Fork Holston River and having an intersection with SR 355. SR 126 continues northeast through more neighborhoods before coming to an intersection with and becoming concurrent with SR 36 (E Center Street), where SR 126 turns southeast to become concurrent with that highway. SR 36/SR 126 then continue southeast to a y-intersection, where they turn onto Fort Henry Drive and become a divided highway. They then come to an intersection with Memorial Boulevard, where SR 126 turns east to leave SR 36 to follow that street. SR 126 becomes undivided once again as it passes through some commercial areas before coming to an interchange with SR 93, where it narrows to 2-lanes and leaves Kingsport, through it still officially remains within the city limits. SR 126 then passes through rural areas and crosses over a ridge before coming to an interchange with I-81 (Exit 66), where it officially exits the city limits of Kingsport. The highway then passes through rural areas again, now paralleling I-81, to enter Blountville, where it has an intersection with SR 75. SR 126 then enters downtown and has an intersection with SR 394. The highway then continues east through downtown before leaving Blountville and continuing east. SR 126 then passes through Walnut Hill before entering Bristol, coming to an end at an intersection with US 11W/SR 1 just south of downtown.\n Links: a. Walnut Hill, Tennessee b. U.S. Route 23 in Tennessee c. Blountville, Tennessee d. Tennessee State Route 75", "neg": "Question: What provinces are the cities that James Bay Road begins in located? Passage:The James Bay Road () is a remote wilderness highway winding its way through the Canadian Shield in northwestern Quebec and reaches into the James Bay region. It starts in Matagami as an extension of Route 109 and ends at Radisson. The road is fully paved, well maintained, and plowed during the winter. It was originally constructed to carry loads of 300 tons, and has mostly gentle curves and hills with wide shoulders. The road is maintained by the Eeyou Istchee James Bay Regional Government (formerly by the municipality of Baie-James). Connecting to other routes such as the Trans-Taiga Road and the Route du Nord, the highway draws tourists interested in reaching the remote wilderness surrounding James Bay, part of Hudson Bay.\n Links: a. Quebec Route 109 b. Hudson Bay c. Matagami d. Quebec Route 109", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}475{"query": "Question: How long after the founding of the university where Watson served as a a professor of physical oceanography did he retire? Passage:Watson graduated in 1943 with BS in electrical engineering from Iowa State College. From 1943 to 1946 he was a researcher at the United States Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, D.C. During his work for the U.S. Navy he went to night school at George Washington University. He graduated from the University of Iowa with Ph.D. in 1948 with thesis The polarizability of the meson-charge cloud of a neutron in an external electrostatic field. He was from 1948 to 1949 an Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) Fellow at the Institute for Advanced Study and from 1949 to 1951 an AEC Fellow at the Berkeley Radiation Laboratory. He was from 1951 to 1954 an assistant professor of physics at Indiana University and from 1954 to 1957 an associate professor of physics at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. In 1953 he was elected a fellow of the American Physical Society. From 1957 to 1981 he was a staff member of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, as well as a professor of physics at the University of California, Berkeley. In 1974 he was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences. From 1981 to 1991 he was the director of the Marine Physical Laboratory, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, as well as a professor of physical oceanography at the University of California, San Diego. In 1991 he retired as professor emeritus. His doctoral students include Shang-keng Ma.\n Links: a. University of Iowa b. United States Atomic Energy Commission c. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory d. University of California, San Diego", "pos": "Question: Which professor had been teaching at Urbana-Champaign longer when Fisher earned his Ph.D.? Passage:Matthew P. A. Fisher is an American theoretical physicist and Professor of Physics at the University of California, Santa Barbara, and is known for several major contributions to condensed matter physics. He completed his bachelor's degree in engineering physics from Cornell University in 1981 and earned a Ph.D. in theoretical physics from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1986 with Anthony Leggett as his advisor, with part of his work done under the supervision of Eduardo Fradkin. He was awarded the Alan T. Waterman Award in 1995, and in 2015 he was a recipient of the Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize for his work on the superconductor-insulator transition. He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2003 and to the National Academy of Sciences in 2012. He is a Fellow of the American Physical Society. He is the son of English physicist Michael E. Fisher, and brother of American physicist Daniel S. Fisher.\n Links: a. English people b. Cornell University c. Cornell University d. Anthony James Leggett", "neg": "Question: When was the college from which Watson graduated in 1943 with BS in electrical engineering founded? Passage:Watson graduated in 1943 with BS in electrical engineering from Iowa State College. From 1943 to 1946 he was a researcher at the United States Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, D.C. During his work for the U.S. Navy he went to night school at George Washington University. He graduated from the University of Iowa with Ph.D. in 1948 with thesis The polarizability of the meson-charge cloud of a neutron in an external electrostatic field. He was from 1948 to 1949 an Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) Fellow at the Institute for Advanced Study and from 1949 to 1951 an AEC Fellow at the Berkeley Radiation Laboratory. He was from 1951 to 1954 an assistant professor of physics at Indiana University and from 1954 to 1957 an associate professor of physics at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. In 1953 he was elected a fellow of the American Physical Society. From 1957 to 1981 he was a staff member of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, as well as a professor of physics at the University of California, Berkeley. In 1974 he was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences. From 1981 to 1991 he was the director of the Marine Physical Laboratory, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, as well as a professor of physical oceanography at the University of California, San Diego. In 1991 he retired as professor emeritus. His doctoral students include Shang-keng Ma.\n Links: a. Iowa State University b. American Physical Society c. United States Naval Research Laboratory d. University of California, Berkeley", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}476{"query": "Question: Was the first Playmate of the Month married when she posed for Playboy? Passage:There has likely been interest in nude images of celebrities for as long as artistic nude imagery and pornography has existed. One of the more famous examples is Playboy's inaugural December 1953 issue that featured photos of Marilyn Monroe from a 1949 photo session as its first Playmate of the Month. The commercialization, promotion, and organized supply of nude celebrity images can be traced to another men's magazine, High Society, and the efforts of its first female Editor, Gloria Leonard. This began as a feature that showcased risqué photos of celebrities like Jodie Foster and Goldie Hawn, usually lifted from film stills, and became a spin-off venture of High Society called Celebrity Skin magazine in 1986. Over its twenty-five year run Margot Kidder, Ann-Margret and Barbra Streisand unsuccessfully attempted to sue the magazine after it published nude photos of them. Yet another magazine earned additional notoriety for its publication of nude photographs of models who at the time were not celebrities, but later attained fame. Penthouse magazine published nude photos in its September 1984 issue of a young adult film actress, Traci Lords (later found to be underage at the time), and Vanessa Williams, then-Miss America, that caused her to be stripped of her crown.\n Links: a. Playboy b. Traci Lords c. High Society (magazine) d. Marilyn Monroe", "pos": "Question: When was the last issue of Loaded printed? Passage:An attempt to open up the market to women in the early 1990s by publishing women's erotica magazines was largely a failure, perhaps due to British obscenity laws which forbade the display of an erect penis. For Women was one exception, and it achieved widespread circulation. In the same decade \"Lads' Mags\" such as Loaded and Front appeared as an expression of lad culture. These were men's lifestyle magazines that included glamour photography of scantily-clad female models. More explicit pornographic magazines also began to appear during the 1990s, typically imported from Scandinavia or the Netherlands, emulating the hard-core style of US magazines such as Hustler. These magazines featured masturbation, sexual penetration, lesbianism and homosexuality, group sex and fetishes. Hardcore magazines are typically sold in sex shops or by mail order because UK law does not allow hardcore R18 certificate imagery to be sold at newsagents' shops. British softcore pornography magazines can be found in newsagents' shops and petrol stations where they are generally kept on the top shelf of the display, leading to their popular name of \"top-shelf magazines\". The market supports a growing number of specialist magazines whose titles indicate their contents: 40 Plus, Fat and 40, Skinny and Wriggly and Leg Love. There were still about 100 adult magazine titles in the UK by 2001 but the British adult magazine market is in decline. Paul Raymond Publications dominates the market, distributing eight of the country's ten top selling adult magazines.\n Links: a. Hustler b. Sexual fetishism c. Sexual penetration d. Loaded (magazine)", "neg": "Question: Which of the adult magazines are still being published? Passage:There has likely been interest in nude images of celebrities for as long as artistic nude imagery and pornography has existed. One of the more famous examples is Playboy's inaugural December 1953 issue that featured photos of Marilyn Monroe from a 1949 photo session as its first Playmate of the Month. The commercialization, promotion, and organized supply of nude celebrity images can be traced to another men's magazine, High Society, and the efforts of its first female Editor, Gloria Leonard. This began as a feature that showcased risqué photos of celebrities like Jodie Foster and Goldie Hawn, usually lifted from film stills, and became a spin-off venture of High Society called Celebrity Skin magazine in 1986. Over its twenty-five year run Margot Kidder, Ann-Margret and Barbra Streisand unsuccessfully attempted to sue the magazine after it published nude photos of them. Yet another magazine earned additional notoriety for its publication of nude photographs of models who at the time were not celebrities, but later attained fame. Penthouse magazine published nude photos in its September 1984 issue of a young adult film actress, Traci Lords (later found to be underage at the time), and Vanessa Williams, then-Miss America, that caused her to be stripped of her crown.\n Links: a. Celebrity Skin (magazine) b. Playboy c. Ann-Margret d. Gloria Leonard", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}477{"query": "Question: Which of the two wrestlers whose match The Big Show intervened on Monday Night Raw again May 21, 2012 began their career in the WWE first? Passage:It has been a regular stop for professional wrestling promotions through the years, including the old NWA (Jim Crockett Promotions) Mid-Atlantic territory, and more recently, WWE. In recent years, it hosted the fifteenth WWF pay-per-view in 1997, WWE Armageddon on December 17, 2006, and hosted the televised portion of the 2010 WWE Draft. It held WWE Friday Night SmackDown on November 16, 2010. It held WWE Raw on Monday, June 6, 2011 featuring WWE Hall of Famer Steve Austin to announce the winner of WWE Tough Enough. It also held Monday Night Raw again May 21, 2012, immediately following Over the Limit in which John Cena lost a match against John Laurinaitis, with Laurinaitis only winning after The Big Show intervened. It also held WWE Friday Night SmackDown on December 30, 2012, the final WWE event of the year. It hosted the December 30th, 2013, the July 14, 2014 and the May 18, 2015 editions of Raw. On September 11, 2016, it hosted the return of Backlash. On May 28th, 2018, it hosted WWE Monday Night RAW for it's last time ever.\n Links: a. Stone Cold Steve Austin b. Professional wrestling c. Stone Cold Steve Austin d. John Cena", "pos": "Question: Which opponent that the Cyber Sunday champions faced on Raw is the youngest? Passage:The main feud heading into Cyber Sunday was between WWE Champion John Cena, World Heavyweight Champion King Booker, and ECW World Champion The Big Show, the top champion of each of the three brands. This feud began on the October 9 edition of Raw, where they came face to face, arguing about who was the most dominant champion in WWE. WWE Chairman Vince McMahon interrupted, and booked a triple threat \"Champion of Champions\" match at Cyber Sunday between the three of them. This also gave each show's General Manager an opportunity to choose opponents for each other's champion that night. This resulted in Big Show defeating Jeff Hardy and Booker defeating Rob Van Dam; however, the match between Cena and The Undertaker was interrupted by Booker, Big Show, and The Undertaker's storyline rival, Mr. Kennedy. At the same time, Cena began a minor feud with Kevin Federline. Federline, as the on-screen close friend of Johnny Nitro and Melina's, appeared on Raw to promote his album, \"Playing With Fire\". Cena rapped about Federline, but Nitro came out to Federline's defense and was thrown out of the ring by Cena. Cena was then interrupted by his two Cyber Sunday opponents, and McMahon who announced that a championship would be on the line at Cyber Sunday. Cena performed the FU on Federline, after being insulted. The feud between the champions continued on the October 20 edition of SmackDown!, when Big Show and Cena were at ringside during Booker's title defense against Batista. Batista speared Booker onto Big Show, who, in response, assaulted Batista, ending the match via disqualification. Cena then joined the brawl, and SmackDown! General Manager Theodore Long announced a tag team match for the next week. On the next Raw, Cena defeated Nitro after an FU, but was assaulted afterwards by his Cyber Sunday opponents, who turned on each other shortly after to start a brawl between the four to end the show. Batista and Cena were successful in the tag team match, after Big Show abandoned Booker. The next week, on Raw, a preview of Cyber Sunday's interactivity was displayed when fans voted for Cena's opponent for the night, between Big Show, Booker, and Jonathan Coachman. Coachman won in the voting, but was easily defeated by Cena.\n Links: a. Vince McMahon b. Freestyle rap c. Vince McMahon d. Jeff Hardy", "neg": "Question: When did the program that was held in Richmond Coliseum on November 16, 2010 debut? Passage:It has been a regular stop for professional wrestling promotions through the years, including the old NWA (Jim Crockett Promotions) Mid-Atlantic territory, and more recently, WWE. In recent years, it hosted the fifteenth WWF pay-per-view in 1997, WWE Armageddon on December 17, 2006, and hosted the televised portion of the 2010 WWE Draft. It held WWE Friday Night SmackDown on November 16, 2010. It held WWE Raw on Monday, June 6, 2011 featuring WWE Hall of Famer Steve Austin to announce the winner of WWE Tough Enough. It also held Monday Night Raw again May 21, 2012, immediately following Over the Limit in which John Cena lost a match against John Laurinaitis, with Laurinaitis only winning after The Big Show intervened. It also held WWE Friday Night SmackDown on December 30, 2012, the final WWE event of the year. It hosted the December 30th, 2013, the July 14, 2014 and the May 18, 2015 editions of Raw. On September 11, 2016, it hosted the return of Backlash. On May 28th, 2018, it hosted WWE Monday Night RAW for it's last time ever.\n Links: a. WWE b. WWE SmackDown c. Professional wrestling d. WWE Raw", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}478{"query": "Question: Does the conference that Marshall plays in have more members than the one that Northern Illinois is a member of? Passage:The 2014 Northern Illinois Huskies football team represented Northern Illinois University in the 2014 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Huskies competed in the West Division of the Mid-American Conference. They were led by second-year head coach Rod Carey. They played their home games at Huskie Stadium. The Huskies' regular season loss to Central Michigan snapped a 26-game home winning streak dating back to the 2009 season. They finished the season 11–3, 7–1 in MAC play to win a share of the MAC West Division Title with Toledo. Due to their head-to-head win over Toledo, the Huskies represented the West Division in the MAC Championship Game where they defeated Bowling Green to be crowned MAC Champions. They were invited to the Boca Raton Bowl where they lost to Conference USA Champion Marshall.\n Links: a. 2014 Toledo Rockets football team b. Conference USA c. Huskie Stadium d. 2014 Boca Raton Bowl", "pos": "Question: Is the head coach of the Cyclones' 2011 football team still at Iowa State? Passage:The 2011 Iowa State Cyclones football team represented Iowa State University in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Cyclones were led by third year head coach Paul Rhoads and play their home games at Jack Trice Stadium. They are a member of the Big 12 Conference. The conference play began with a loss at home to the Texas Longhorns, and ended with a loss at Manhattan, Kansas to the Kansas State Wildcats in the Farmageddon series, with a 3–6 record. The season will likely be remembered for the game against then #2 Oklahoma State Cowboys, who the Cyclones upset in a double-overtime thriller throwing the BCS into \"utter chaos\" as dubbed by sports media. The Iowa State squad was invited to the first Pinstripe Bowl game, which they were defeated by Rutgers, and the Cyclone's 2011 season came to a close with 6–7 overall record, 3–6 in Big 12 play, finished 8th place.\n Links: a. 2011 Rutgers Scarlet Knights football team b. Paul Rhoads c. 2011 Rutgers Scarlet Knights football team d. 2011 Rutgers Scarlet Knights football team", "neg": "Question: Did Northern Illinois beat a team from Kentucky to be crowned MAC Champions? Passage:The 2014 Northern Illinois Huskies football team represented Northern Illinois University in the 2014 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Huskies competed in the West Division of the Mid-American Conference. They were led by second-year head coach Rod Carey. They played their home games at Huskie Stadium. The Huskies' regular season loss to Central Michigan snapped a 26-game home winning streak dating back to the 2009 season. They finished the season 11–3, 7–1 in MAC play to win a share of the MAC West Division Title with Toledo. Due to their head-to-head win over Toledo, the Huskies represented the West Division in the MAC Championship Game where they defeated Bowling Green to be crowned MAC Champions. They were invited to the Boca Raton Bowl where they lost to Conference USA Champion Marshall.\n Links: a. 2014 Mid-American Conference football season b. Rod Carey c. 2014 Bowling Green Falcons football team d. 2014 Central Michigan Chippewas football team", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}479{"query": "Question: How old was the son-in-law of King James II when he came into power? Passage:The Glorious Revolution of 1689 involved the overthrow of King James II, who converted to Catholicism before he became king and favoured the Catholics, and his replacement by son-in-law William III, a Dutch Protestant. The Act of Settlement 1701, which was passed by the Parliament of England, stated the heir to the throne must not be a \"Papist\" and that an heir who is a Catholic or who marries one will be excluded from the succession to the throne. This law was extended to Scotland through the Act of Union which formed the Kingdom of Great Britain. The Act was amended in 2013 as regards marriage to a Catholic and the ecumenical movement has contributed to reducing sectarian tensions in the country.\n Links: a. Glorious Revolution b. Acts of Union 1707 c. William III of England d. Papist", "pos": "Question: Who was older, Queen Henrietta Maria, or King Charles I? Passage:He was both a Catholic and a royalist, and enjoyed the confidence of Queen Henrietta Maria, who recommended him to Charles I as \"a man deserving of every encouragement.\" In 1645 he tried to get the Confederation of Kilkenny to support King Charles I in the English Civil War on the grounds that their demands for full civic rights to be restored to Roman Catholics would be met. He fought with the Confederates against the Parliamentarians in 1645–6, and led a successful assault on Roscommon Castle in 1646. In 1649 he was imprisoned in London but soon released. After some time in France he was allowed to return to England through the pleas of his brother-in-law John Holles, 2nd Earl of Clare. He is said to have been one of the few Irishmen whom Oliver Cromwell admired, and was also on good terms with Oliver's son Henry Cromwell, although Henry refused his request to be allowed to recover possession of his principal residence, Merrion Castle. During the Commonwealth he seems to have played a careful double game- his second marriage into the Holles family put him in the Parliamentarian camp, but he was also suspected of working for the Restoration of Charles II.\n Links: a. Henry Cromwell b. Oliver Cromwell c. Charles I of England d. John Holles, 2nd Earl of Clare", "neg": "Question: How old was the king when he conferred a title on Viscount Netterville? Passage:Viscount Netterville was a title in the Peerage of Ireland. It was created in 1622 for Nicholas Netterville, 1st Viscount Netterville (1581–1654), son of John Netterville of Dowth, County Meath. He was a favorite of King James I of England who in 1622 conferred the title on him \"in consideration of his many good qualities\". He suffered considerable financial hardship during the English Civil War when the English Parliament, after the failure of the Royalist cause, sequestered his estates, along with those of his eldest son, John, the 2nd Viscount. During the Irish Rebellion of 1641 John, who was adhered to Roman Catholicism, was accused of favouring the rebels, and it does not seem that either side to the conflict fully trusted him. Possibly for this reason his son Nicholas, the 3rd Viscount, had some difficulty after the Restoration of Charles II in recovering the family estates. Because of Nicholas's loyalty to James II the estates were again forfeited after the Glorious Revolution of 1688, but were later restored to his son John, the 4th Viscount. \n Links: a. James VI and I b. Peerage of Ireland c. James VI and I d. James VI and I", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}480{"query": "Question: Did Holst's ten-year-old daughter have any siblings? Passage:When Joseph left Girton, the First World War was at a critical state; the Battle of the Somme had begun on 1 July 1916. Joseph wanted to assist the war effort, and after considering work on the land or in a munitions factory, took up part-time welfare work in Islington. In the autumn of 1916 she began teaching at Eothen, a small private school for girls in Caterham, founded and run by the Misses Catharine and Winifred Pye. In 1917 Holst's ten-year-old daughter Imogen started at the school; soon, under Joseph's guidance the young pupil was composing her own music. Joseph extended her own musical activities by joining the orchestra at Morley College, where Holst was the director of music and where her brother Edwin had played the cello before the war. At first she played the double-bass, but later took French horn lessons, possibly from Adolph Borsdorf; later still, at very short notice, she taught herself the timpani part for a summer concert. By 1918 she was a member of the Morley committee that on 9 March organised and produced an opera burlesque, English Opera as She is Wrote, in which English, Italian, German, French and Russian opera styles were parodied in successive scenes. The performance was a great success and was repeated at several venues. It may have inspired Holst to use parody in his own opera, The Perfect Fool, which he began composing in 1918. In her spare time Joseph founded and ran a choir for Kensington nannies, which took part in local singing contests as the \"Linden Singers\".\n Links: a. Caterham School b. Caterham School c. Imogen Holst d. Caterham School", "pos": "Question: Is the person who taught Midori violin at the Pre-College Division of Juilliard School still teaching? Passage:Midori gave her first public performance at the age of six, playing one of the 24 Caprices of Paganini in her native Osaka. In 1982 she and her mother moved to New York City, where Midori started violin studies with Dorothy DeLay at Pre-College Division of Juilliard School and the Aspen Music Festival and School. As her audition piece, Midori performed Bach's thirteen-minute-long Chaconne, generally considered one of the most difficult solo violin pieces. In the same year, she made her concert debut with the New York Philharmonic under Zubin Mehta, a conductor with whom she would later record on the Sony Classical label. In 1986 came her legendary performance of Leonard Bernstein's Serenade at Tanglewood, conducted by Bernstein. During the performance, she broke the E string on her violin, then again on the concertmaster's Stradivarius after she borrowed it. She finished the performance with the associate concertmaster's Guadagnini and received a standing ovation. The next day The New York Times front page carried the headline, \"Girl, 14, Conquers Tanglewood with 3 Violins\".\n Links: a. Leonard Bernstein b. Niccolò Paganini c. Dorothy DeLay d. Zubin Mehta", "neg": "Question: What country is the city the couple got married in, in 1910? Passage:In 1908, she met John Dailey de Angeli, a violinist, known as Dai. They were married in Toronto on April 12,1910. The first of their six children, John Shadrach de Angeli, was born one year later. After living in many locations in the American and Canadian West, they settled in the Philadelphia suburb of Collingswood, New Jersey. There in 1921 Marguerite started to study drawing under her mentor, Maurice Bower. In 1922, Marguerite began illustrating a Sunday School paper and was soon doing illustrations for magazines such as The Country Gentleman, Ladies' Home Journal, and The American Girl, besides illustrating books for authors including Helen Ferris, Elsie Singmaster, Cornelia Meigs, and Dorothy Canfield Fisher. Her last child, Maurice Bower de Angeli, was born in 1928, seven years before the 1935 publication of her first book, Ted and Nina Go to the Grocery Store. The de Angeli family moved frequently, returning to Pennsylvania and living north of Philadelphia in Jenkintown, west of Philadelphia in the Manoa neighborhood of Havertown, on Carpenter Lane in Germantown, Philadelphia, on Panama Street in Center City, Philadelphia, in an apartment near the Philadelphia Art Museum, and in a cottage in Green Lane, Pennsylvania. They also maintained a summer cabin on Money Island in Toms River, New Jersey. Marguerite's husband died in 1969, eight months before their 60th wedding anniversary.\n Links: a. Toronto b. Green Lane, Pennsylvania c. Havertown, Pennsylvania d. Collingswood, New Jersey", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}481{"query": "Question: Which team that Hafeez faced during 2001 ICC Trophy has the highest world ranking currently? Passage:Hafeez made his debut for Denmark in the 2001 ICC Trophy in Canada against Ireland. He made three further appearances during the tournament, against Canada, Scotland and the United Arab Emirates. Hafeez scored 21 runs with a high score of 10 in his four matches, Later in 2001, he made his List A debut for Denmark against Suffolk in the 1st round of English domestic cricket's 2002 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy, which was played in August 2001 to avoid fixture congestion early in the 2002 season. In the match, held at Old London Road in Copdock, Suffolk, Denmark won the toss and elected to bat first, making 112 all out from 28.4 overs against their minor county opponents, with Hafeez scoring 9 runs before he was dismissed by Ian Graham. Suffolk won the match by 7 wickets, though in their chase Hafeez did take the wicket of Dave Callaghan for 49, stumped off his bowling by Frederik Klokker. He made a second List A appearance the following year against the Leicestershire Cricket Board (LCB) in the 1st round of the 2003 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy which was played in August 2002, in the same arrangement as the previous competition. In the match, held at Ratcliffe College in Cossington, Leicestershire, the LCB won the toss and elected to put Denmark into bat, with Denmark making 249/6 from their 50 overs, with Hafeez ending the innings not out on 6. The LCB won the match by 4 wickets. This was his final appearance for Denmark.\n Links: a. Ireland cricket team b. Over (cricket) c. Ian Graham (cricketer) d. Over (cricket)", "pos": "Question: In the Cups Hameed played in as a teen, did his team win? Passage:Hameed was born in Dubai to a father originally from Pakistan. He represented the UAE under-19s at the 2003 Youth Asia Cup, aged only 15, and later also at the 2005 ACC Under-19 Cup and the 2007 ACC Under-19 Elite Cup. Hameed made his senior debut for the UAE at the 2007 ACC Twenty20 Cup in Kuwait. He featured in five of his team's six matches, and took three wickets, with a best of 2/11 from four overs against Saudi Arabia. Later in 2007, Hameed made two appearances for the UAE in the 2007 World Cricket League Division Two tournament, where matches held List A status. Early the following year, he was selected for an Intercontinental Cup game against Namibia, which held first-class status. At the 2009 World Cup Qualifier, Hameed was selected for nine of his team's ten matches. He was given little game time, batting only four times and bowling a total of 9.4 overs across three innings. His sole wicket came against Denmark, where he took 1/40 from 4.4 overs. Hameed made his last appearance for the UAE in March 2010.\n Links: a. 2003 Youth Asia Cup b. 2007 ACC Twenty20 Cup c. United Arab Emirates national under-19 cricket team d. ICC Intercontinental Cup", "neg": "Question: Who was the manager for the Denmark national team when Hafeez made his debut? Passage:Hafeez made his debut for Denmark in the 2001 ICC Trophy in Canada against Ireland. He made three further appearances during the tournament, against Canada, Scotland and the United Arab Emirates. Hafeez scored 21 runs with a high score of 10 in his four matches, Later in 2001, he made his List A debut for Denmark against Suffolk in the 1st round of English domestic cricket's 2002 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy, which was played in August 2001 to avoid fixture congestion early in the 2002 season. In the match, held at Old London Road in Copdock, Suffolk, Denmark won the toss and elected to bat first, making 112 all out from 28.4 overs against their minor county opponents, with Hafeez scoring 9 runs before he was dismissed by Ian Graham. Suffolk won the match by 7 wickets, though in their chase Hafeez did take the wicket of Dave Callaghan for 49, stumped off his bowling by Frederik Klokker. He made a second List A appearance the following year against the Leicestershire Cricket Board (LCB) in the 1st round of the 2003 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy which was played in August 2002, in the same arrangement as the previous competition. In the match, held at Ratcliffe College in Cossington, Leicestershire, the LCB won the toss and elected to put Denmark into bat, with Denmark making 249/6 from their 50 overs, with Hafeez ending the innings not out on 6. The LCB won the match by 4 wickets. This was his final appearance for Denmark.\n Links: a. Ireland cricket team b. Over (cricket) c. Denmark national cricket team d. Denmark national cricket team", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}482{"query": "Question: What year was the person who was the previous \"most celebrated Padres call-up\" before Rizzo born? Passage:Rizzo was called up to the majors after hitting .365 with an OPS of 1.159 along with 16 home runs and 63 RBI in 200 at-bats over 52 games in Tucson. The San Diego Union-Tribune called Rizzo \"the most celebrated Padres call-up\" since Roberto Alomar debuted with the team in 1988. Rizzo's promotion was prompted by the Padres' inadequate offensive production and fielding play of veterans at first base. In his debut on June 9, 2011, against the Washington Nationals, Rizzo struck out in his first at-bat, but then proceeded to hit a triple and score a run, helping the Padres to a 7–3 victory. He hit his first home run on June 11 against John Lannan. After three games he was 3-for-7 with a double, triple and a home run, while he demonstrated patience in drawing four walks for a .667 on-base percentage (OBP). On July 21, 2011 Rizzo was demoted back to Triple-A, and Blanks was promoted. Rizzo had struggled with only a .143 batting average and 1 home run, striking out 36 times in 98 at-bats. Hoyer said Rizzo \"worked hard, never made excuses, and endeared himself to his teammates\" during his initial stint in the majors. Rizzo was recalled to the majors on September 4 after finishing the season at Tucson batting .331 with 26 homers and 101 RBI in 93 games. He finished his first season in San Diego hitting only .141 with 46 strikeouts in 128 at-bats. Hoyer believed Rizzo would be the starting first baseman for the Padres in 2012 with Jesús Guzmán as the second option. However, Yonder Alonso moved ahead of Rizzo on the team's depth chart after he was acquired by the Padres in December 2011 in a trade for Mat Latos.\n Links: a. Roberto Alomar b. Yonder Alonso c. On-base percentage d. John Lannan", "pos": "Question: Between the teams that traded Scott Hairston and the one the Padres played on July 12, which one was established first? Passage:Although in 2008 Baseball America projected Venable as an every day starter for the Padres in 2010, some experts questioned whether he would be a long-term solution in center field for the team. Venable started the 2009 season with the Padres' Triple-A affiliate, Portland Beavers, but he was recalled by the Padres on June 3. His father, Max, served as the Beavers' hitting coach in 2009. Following the July 5 trade of Scott Hairston to the Oakland Athletics, Venable shared right field with Kyle Blanks. On July 12 against the San Francisco Giants, he had his first home run of the season in his first career four-hit game. Between July 30 and August 5, he homered in five of seven games. In an August 23 game against the St. Louis Cardinals, he was involved in a bench-clearing incident when Albert Pujols thought he threw an elbow while being tagged out. In 2009, he posted 12 home runs and tallied 38 runs batted in (RBI), while defensively 493.2 of his 643 innings were spent in right field and only 117 in center field.\n Links: a. Oakland Athletics b. 2009 San Francisco Giants season c. Oakland Athletics d. Scott Hairston", "neg": "Question: Who was Rookie of the Year the year after the person Ichiro hit a home run against? Passage:Ichiro made his NPB Pacific League debut in 1992 for the Orix BlueWave at the age of 18, but he spent most of his first two seasons in the farm system (accumulating 156 minor league hits and a .368 batting average) because his then-manager, Shōzō Doi, refused to accept Ichiro's unorthodox swing. The swing was nicknamed because of the pendulum-like motion of his leg, which shifts his weight forward as he swings the bat, and goes against conventional hitting theory. In his second career game, he recorded his first ichi-gun (Japan's Nippon Professional Baseball League) hit in the Pacific League against Hawks pitcher Keiji Kimura. Even though he hit in 1993 a home run against Hideo Nomo, who later won an MLB National League Rookie of the Year Award while a Los Angeles Dodger, Ichiro was nevertheless sent back to the farm system on that very day. In 1994, he benefited from the arrival of a new manager, Akira Ōgi, who played him every day in the second spot of the lineup. He was eventually moved to the leadoff spot, where his immediate productivity dissolved any misgivings about his unconventional swing. He set a Japanese single-season record with 210 hits, the first player ever to top 200 hits in a single season. Five other players have since done so: Matt Murton, Norichika Aoki (twice), Alex Ramírez, Tsuyoshi Nishioka, and Shogo Akiyama's 216 hits in 2015, but those players benefited from 140+ game seasons while Ichiro's 210 hits had come in a 130-game season.\n Links: a. Major League Baseball Rookie of the Year Award b. Hideo Nomo c. Hideo Nomo d. Nippon Professional Baseball", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}483{"query": "Question: Did the film that Ripstein produced in 2015 win any Oscar awards? Passage:Ripstein, Moisés Zonana, and Michel Franco produced Franco's Chronic (2015). The film competed for the Palme d'Or and received the Best Screenplay Award at the 2015 Cannes Film Festival, was screened out of competition at the San Sebastián International Film Festival and was nominated for Best Film at the 2016 Independent Spirit Awards. Chronic premiered in Mexican theaters on April 8, 2016; at the end of its first week, it was among the top ten most-watched films in the country. Ripstein, Franco, Lorenzo Vigas, Guillermo Arriaga, Rodolfo Cova, and Édgar Ramírez produced From Afar, a film directed by Vigas which won the Golden Lion at the 72nd Venice International Film Festival and was screened at the 13th Morelia International Film Festival.\n Links: a. Best Screenplay Award (Cannes Film Festival) b. Chronic (film) c. Guillermo Arriaga d. Independent Spirit Awards", "pos": "Question: Which film won Best Production at the Helpmann Awards in 2018? Passage:In 2018, Williams directed Bertolt Brecht's The Resistible Rise of Arturo Ui, starring Hugo Weaving in the titular role. The production was nominated for six Helpmann Awards, including Best Production, Best Director for Williams, and winning Best Supporting Actress and Best Actor for Anita Hegh and Weaving respectively. It was nominated for a further nine Sydney Theatre Awards, again for Best Production and Best Director for Williams, and winning four awards including Best Actor for Weaving, Best Stage Design for Robert Cousins, and Best Supporting Actor for Mitchell Butel. Next Williams directed a 6 hour stage adaptation of The Harp in the South: Part One & Part Two by Kate Mulvany. The highly acclaimed production brought to life Ruth Park's celebrated trilogy of novels, Missus, The Harp in the South, and Poor Man's Orange, using an ensemble of 18 actors to perform the marathon work across two nights of theatre. The production was nominated for 11 Sydney Theatre Awards, winning Best Production, Best New Australian Work for Mulvany, and Best Direction for Williams. It was nominated for a further six Helpmann Awards, including Best Production of a Play, Best New Australian Work, and Best Director for Williams. Williams finished 2018 with an operatic take on Patrick White's classic play A Cheery Soul, featuring his signature use of live video. Staged at the Sydney Opera House, the production starred Sarah Peirse, with an ensemble including Anita Hegh, Shari Sebbens, and Tara Morice.\n Links: a. Ruth Park b. Helpmann Awards c. Helpmann Awards d. Kate Mulvany", "neg": "Question: Which film won the US Narrative Competition award at the festival Mapplethorpe was named runner-up in? Passage:He was then cast as Edward Mapplethorpe in the 2018 biographical drama film Mapplethorpe, which follows the life of New York photographer Robert Mapplethorpe. It screened at Tribeca Film Festival in 2018 where it was named a Runner-up in the U.S. Narrative Competition section. Sklenar received positive critical acclaim from multiple media outlets for his performance in Mapplethorpe, including from Boy Culture who praised him for \"[having] maximum impact in [his] psychologically charged scenes with [Matt] Smith\" and Screen Daily who said:\"As the brother and photographer Edward Mapplethorpe, who Robert [Mapplethorpe] forced to change his name, Brandon Sklenar is a fragile mix of awe and fear.\" He appeared in the 2018 biographical drama film Vice, opposite Amy Adams, Steve Carell, Christian Bale and Sam Rockwell. The film explores the life of politician Dick Cheney and is directed by Academy Award-winner Adam McKay. Sklenar will appear in Amir Naderi's upcoming film Magic Lantern, in addition to films The Last Room and Glass Jaw. In June 2018, Sklenar was also cast in the independent drama film Indigo Valley, which is based on director Jaclyn's Bethany's short film of the same name. That same year, Sklenar was cast in a lead role in London Calling, a noir crime thriller that weaves the British gangster genre with the American western, opposite Ron Perlman, Malcolm McDowell, Nicholas Braun and Leven Rambin.\n Links: a. Robert Mapplethorpe b. Amir Naderi c. Tribeca Film Festival d. Amy Adams", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}484{"query": "Question: Who won the rookie of the year award the same year Kevin Lepage contended for the same honors? Passage:Lepage made his Busch Series debut in 1986 at Oxford Plains Speedway, starting 41st and finishing 15th in the No. 09 Buick owned by Carl Merrill. He became a Busch Series regular in 1994, serving as an owner/driver in the No. 71 Vermont Teddy Bear Company car and running for Rookie of the Year honors. He had a best finish of 9th at New Hampshire International Speedway, in which he got a flat tire at the very end of the race, and finished 24th in points. The 1995 season resulted in five Top 10s and finishing 18th in points. At the end of the season, he lost his sponsorship and ran his own car in 1996 unsponsored until April. Lepage then joined David Ridling and his No. 88 Ridling Motorsports team with sponsorship from Ridling's own Farmer's Choice Fertilizer. He won his first career race at the season finale Jiffy Lube Miami 300 with Hype Energy sponsorship. He finished eighth in points with 1 win, three Top 5s and 10 Top 10s. He ran most of the 1997 season driving for Ridling before leaving due to the team losing its sponsor. Lepage would finish out the year running for Phoenix Racing and ST Motorsports. He finished 12th in points, posting three Top 5s and six Top 10s. Lepage had his Cup debut by qualifying for the Fall Charlotte race in the No. 91 LJ Racing car in an impressive 12th. He would also run the Fall Talladega and Atlanta races with finishes of 17th at Talladega and 29th at Atlanta.\n Links: a. Buick b. NASCAR Rookie of the Year c. Ford EcoBoost 300 d. 1997 NASCAR Busch Series", "pos": "Question: Which team that Lepage drove for after he left Ridling raced in NASCAR first? Passage:Lepage made his Busch Series debut in 1986 at Oxford Plains Speedway, starting 41st and finishing 15th in the No. 09 Buick owned by Carl Merrill. He became a Busch Series regular in 1994, serving as an owner/driver in the No. 71 Vermont Teddy Bear Company car and running for Rookie of the Year honors. He had a best finish of 9th at New Hampshire International Speedway, in which he got a flat tire at the very end of the race, and finished 24th in points. The 1995 season resulted in five Top 10s and finishing 18th in points. At the end of the season, he lost his sponsorship and ran his own car in 1996 unsponsored until April. Lepage then joined David Ridling and his No. 88 Ridling Motorsports team with sponsorship from Ridling's own Farmer's Choice Fertilizer. He won his first career race at the season finale Jiffy Lube Miami 300 with Hype Energy sponsorship. He finished eighth in points with 1 win, three Top 5s and 10 Top 10s. He ran most of the 1997 season driving for Ridling before leaving due to the team losing its sponsor. Lepage would finish out the year running for Phoenix Racing and ST Motorsports. He finished 12th in points, posting three Top 5s and six Top 10s. Lepage had his Cup debut by qualifying for the Fall Charlotte race in the No. 91 LJ Racing car in an impressive 12th. He would also run the Fall Talladega and Atlanta races with finishes of 17th at Talladega and 29th at Atlanta.\n Links: a. Oxford Plains Speedway b. Phoenix Racing (NASCAR team) c. Ford EcoBoost 300 d. 1997 NASCAR Busch Series", "neg": "Question: How long had the Busch Series been running when Kevin Lepage made his debut? Passage:Lepage made his Busch Series debut in 1986 at Oxford Plains Speedway, starting 41st and finishing 15th in the No. 09 Buick owned by Carl Merrill. He became a Busch Series regular in 1994, serving as an owner/driver in the No. 71 Vermont Teddy Bear Company car and running for Rookie of the Year honors. He had a best finish of 9th at New Hampshire International Speedway, in which he got a flat tire at the very end of the race, and finished 24th in points. The 1995 season resulted in five Top 10s and finishing 18th in points. At the end of the season, he lost his sponsorship and ran his own car in 1996 unsponsored until April. Lepage then joined David Ridling and his No. 88 Ridling Motorsports team with sponsorship from Ridling's own Farmer's Choice Fertilizer. He won his first career race at the season finale Jiffy Lube Miami 300 with Hype Energy sponsorship. He finished eighth in points with 1 win, three Top 5s and 10 Top 10s. He ran most of the 1997 season driving for Ridling before leaving due to the team losing its sponsor. Lepage would finish out the year running for Phoenix Racing and ST Motorsports. He finished 12th in points, posting three Top 5s and six Top 10s. Lepage had his Cup debut by qualifying for the Fall Charlotte race in the No. 91 LJ Racing car in an impressive 12th. He would also run the Fall Talladega and Atlanta races with finishes of 17th at Talladega and 29th at Atlanta.\n Links: a. NASCAR Xfinity Series b. Ford EcoBoost 300 c. NASCAR Xfinity Series d. Hype Energy Drinks", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}485{"query": "Question: In which continent was Horiguchi diagnosed with tuberculosis? Passage:In 1911, Horiguchi left school to accompany his father on overseas postings and during the next 14 years overseas he became fluent in French (assisted by his Belgian stepmother) and interested in French literature, particularly the novels and poetry of the Symbolist movement. He first spent over a year in Mexico, where he was diagnosed with tuberculosis, causing Horiguchi to abandon his father's hope that he become a diplomat, and he devoted his time to writing verse and translation of French works instead. He was in Mexico during the Mexican Revolution, and it was also during this time that he was drawn to Parnassianism as a style of verse. In 1913, the family relocated to Belgium, via Siberia. While in Belgium, he studied the works of Paul Verlaine and the works of the Symbolist movement, including the works of Remy de Gourmont. He subsequently lived for brief periods in Spain, Paris, Brazil and Romania and maintained correspondence with Marie Laurencin and Thomas Mann, whose works he also translated while recuperating at a sanatorium in Switzerland.\n Links: a. Marie Laurencin b. Spain c. Mexico d. Romania", "pos": "Question: Did the Horiguchi family reolcated to Belgium before or after the end of the Mexican Revolution? Passage:In 1911, Horiguchi left school to accompany his father on overseas postings and during the next 14 years overseas he became fluent in French (assisted by his Belgian stepmother) and interested in French literature, particularly the novels and poetry of the Symbolist movement. He first spent over a year in Mexico, where he was diagnosed with tuberculosis, causing Horiguchi to abandon his father's hope that he become a diplomat, and he devoted his time to writing verse and translation of French works instead. He was in Mexico during the Mexican Revolution, and it was also during this time that he was drawn to Parnassianism as a style of verse. In 1913, the family relocated to Belgium, via Siberia. While in Belgium, he studied the works of Paul Verlaine and the works of the Symbolist movement, including the works of Remy de Gourmont. He subsequently lived for brief periods in Spain, Paris, Brazil and Romania and maintained correspondence with Marie Laurencin and Thomas Mann, whose works he also translated while recuperating at a sanatorium in Switzerland.\n Links: a. Belgium b. French literature c. Mexican Revolution d. French language", "neg": "Question: Are the writers that Horiguchi studied while in Belgium both French? Passage:In 1911, Horiguchi left school to accompany his father on overseas postings and during the next 14 years overseas he became fluent in French (assisted by his Belgian stepmother) and interested in French literature, particularly the novels and poetry of the Symbolist movement. He first spent over a year in Mexico, where he was diagnosed with tuberculosis, causing Horiguchi to abandon his father's hope that he become a diplomat, and he devoted his time to writing verse and translation of French works instead. He was in Mexico during the Mexican Revolution, and it was also during this time that he was drawn to Parnassianism as a style of verse. In 1913, the family relocated to Belgium, via Siberia. While in Belgium, he studied the works of Paul Verlaine and the works of the Symbolist movement, including the works of Remy de Gourmont. He subsequently lived for brief periods in Spain, Paris, Brazil and Romania and maintained correspondence with Marie Laurencin and Thomas Mann, whose works he also translated while recuperating at a sanatorium in Switzerland.\n Links: a. Mexican Revolution b. Paul Verlaine c. Symbolism (arts) d. Parnassianism", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}486{"query": "Question: Of the two men who died within 7 years of each other, what year was the younger one born? Passage:Klein-Venedig (Little Venice) was the most significant part of the German colonization of the Americas, from 1528 to 1546, in which the Augsburg-based Welser banking family obtained colonial rights in Venezuela Province in return for debts owed by Charles I of Spain. The primary motivation was the search for the legendary golden city of El Dorado. The venture was initially led by Ambrosius Ehinger, who founded Maracaibo in 1529. After the deaths of first Ehinger (1533) and then his successor Nikolaus Federmann, Georg von Speyer (1540), Philipp von Hutten continued exploration in the interior, and in his absence from the capital of the province the crown of Spain claimed the right to appoint the governor. On Hutten's return to the capital, Santa Ana de Coro, in 1546, the Spanish governor Juan de Carvajal had Hutten and Bartholomeus VI Welser executed, and Charles subsequently revoked Welser's charter.\n Links: a. Ambrosius Ehinger b. Ambrosius Ehinger c. Augsburg d. El Dorado", "pos": "Question: How old was the Spanish governor when Hutten and Welser were xecuted? Passage:Klein-Venedig (Little Venice) was the most significant part of the German colonization of the Americas, from 1528 to 1546, in which the Augsburg-based Welser banking family obtained colonial rights in Venezuela Province in return for debts owed by Charles I of Spain. The primary motivation was the search for the legendary golden city of El Dorado. The venture was initially led by Ambrosius Ehinger, who founded Maracaibo in 1529. After the deaths of first Ehinger (1533) and then his successor Nikolaus Federmann, Georg von Speyer (1540), Philipp von Hutten continued exploration in the interior, and in his absence from the capital of the province the crown of Spain claimed the right to appoint the governor. On Hutten's return to the capital, Santa Ana de Coro, in 1546, the Spanish governor Juan de Carvajal had Hutten and Bartholomeus VI Welser executed, and Charles subsequently revoked Welser's charter.\n Links: a. Juan de Carvajal b. Philipp von Hutten c. German colonization of the Americas d. Ambrosius Ehinger", "neg": "Question: What is the current population of the place founded by Ambrosius Ehinger? Passage:Klein-Venedig (Little Venice) was the most significant part of the German colonization of the Americas, from 1528 to 1546, in which the Augsburg-based Welser banking family obtained colonial rights in Venezuela Province in return for debts owed by Charles I of Spain. The primary motivation was the search for the legendary golden city of El Dorado. The venture was initially led by Ambrosius Ehinger, who founded Maracaibo in 1529. After the deaths of first Ehinger (1533) and then his successor Nikolaus Federmann, Georg von Speyer (1540), Philipp von Hutten continued exploration in the interior, and in his absence from the capital of the province the crown of Spain claimed the right to appoint the governor. On Hutten's return to the capital, Santa Ana de Coro, in 1546, the Spanish governor Juan de Carvajal had Hutten and Bartholomeus VI Welser executed, and Charles subsequently revoked Welser's charter.\n Links: a. Juan de Carvajal b. Klein-Venedig c. Maracaibo d. Maracaibo", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}487{"query": "Question: How many copies did the second live album of Aventura sell? Passage:The Bachata #1's series is a collection of compilations of various artists centered on the genre of bachata. The first chapter in the series was released in 2007. A third volume, Bachata #1's, Vol. 3 was released in 2010 in the United States. Bachata #1's, Vol. 2 was released on August 12, 2008. \"Mi Corazoncito\", written by Anthony \"Romeo\" Santos and performed by Aventura, was released as the third and final single from the group's second live album, K.O.B. Live (2006). The song peaked at number fifteen on the Billboard Latin Pop Songs and number two on the Billboard Latin Songs charts, topping both the Billboard Tropical Songs and Billboard Latin Rhythm Songs charts, while an additional live version peaked at number ten on the Billboard Tropical Songs chart. The bachata-infused-R&B number, has been named one of their biggest hits along with \"Los Infieles\", \"Un Beso\", and \"El Perdedor\" among others. Xtreme's \"Mientes\" is originally from the duo's second studio album Haciendo Historia (2006), which also featured the gorup's R&B-leaning hit single \"Shorty, Shorty\". Puerto Rican Latin pop singer Luis Fonsi performs \"Con Las Manos Vacías\", a track exclusive to this release. \"Tengo Un Amor\" was written by Toby Love with additional composition by Edwin Perez who also handled production for the song. The song was written with Spanglish lyrics combining crunk hip hop with bachata. David Jefferies, while reviewing the parent album, called the song \"an incredibly smooth, lush, and glittery ballad\" while listing the song as a selected \"Allmusic Pick\". According to Billboard, the original version of the song is a \"straightforward bachata song\" while the remix, which is included on this release, with R.K.M & Ken-Y, known then as Rakim & Ken-Y provides \"urban street cred\".\n Links: a. K.O.B. Live b. Mientes c. Mientes d. Romeo Santos", "pos": "Question: How much money did RBD's first live album make? Passage:In July 2005, the group released their first live album, titled Tour Generación RBD En Vivo, and in September of the same year their second studio album, Nuestro Amor. Nuestro Amor managed to attain a Platinum certification in Mexico only 7 hours after being released and received a nomination at the 7th Annual Latin Grammy Awards for 'Best Pop Album by a Duo/Group with Vocals'. On April 4, 2006, RBD released their second live album, Live in Hollywood, which was recorded in the United States in Los Angeles, California. In November of the same year, the group released their third studio album, Celestial, which reached the #1 spot on both the US Billboard Top Latin Albums and Latin Pop Albums charts and produced the #1 single \"Ser O Parecer\". A month later, in December 2006, RBD released their first English-language album, Rebels, from which they promoted the single \"Tu Amor\", composed by famed songwriter Diane Warren.\n Links: a. Tour Generación RBD En Vivo b. English language c. Tu Amor (Jon B. song) d. 7th Annual Latin Grammy Awards", "neg": "Question: Which of the big hits by Aventura besides \"Mi Corazoncito\" charted the highest? Passage:The Bachata #1's series is a collection of compilations of various artists centered on the genre of bachata. The first chapter in the series was released in 2007. A third volume, Bachata #1's, Vol. 3 was released in 2010 in the United States. Bachata #1's, Vol. 2 was released on August 12, 2008. \"Mi Corazoncito\", written by Anthony \"Romeo\" Santos and performed by Aventura, was released as the third and final single from the group's second live album, K.O.B. Live (2006). The song peaked at number fifteen on the Billboard Latin Pop Songs and number two on the Billboard Latin Songs charts, topping both the Billboard Tropical Songs and Billboard Latin Rhythm Songs charts, while an additional live version peaked at number ten on the Billboard Tropical Songs chart. The bachata-infused-R&B number, has been named one of their biggest hits along with \"Los Infieles\", \"Un Beso\", and \"El Perdedor\" among others. Xtreme's \"Mientes\" is originally from the duo's second studio album Haciendo Historia (2006), which also featured the gorup's R&B-leaning hit single \"Shorty, Shorty\". Puerto Rican Latin pop singer Luis Fonsi performs \"Con Las Manos Vacías\", a track exclusive to this release. \"Tengo Un Amor\" was written by Toby Love with additional composition by Edwin Perez who also handled production for the song. The song was written with Spanglish lyrics combining crunk hip hop with bachata. David Jefferies, while reviewing the parent album, called the song \"an incredibly smooth, lush, and glittery ballad\" while listing the song as a selected \"Allmusic Pick\". According to Billboard, the original version of the song is a \"straightforward bachata song\" while the remix, which is included on this release, with R.K.M & Ken-Y, known then as Rakim & Ken-Y provides \"urban street cred\".\n Links: a. Bachata Number 1's b. Latin Rhythm Airplay c. Bachata Number 1's d. Los Infieles", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}488{"query": "Question: How many stars are in the Milky Way Galaxy? Passage:Although the UKST was originally used to take photographs of the sky, traditional photographic glass (and film) became largely superseded by large electronic CCD detectors in the late 1990s, and after 2000 the UKST was used mostly for multi-object spectroscopy with the 6 degree Field (6dF) instrument. 6dF uses a robot to position up to 150 optical fibres on a metal plate mounted at the focal plane of the UKST, which then carry light from the targets to a spectrograph which sits on the floor of the dome. The 6dF Galaxy Survey (6dFGS), a redshift survey of 120,000 infrared-selected galaxies was completed in 2005, and from 2003–2013 the UKST then carried out the RAdial Velocity Experiment (RAVE) to measure the radial velocities and metallicities of around to 0.5 million stars in the Milky Way Galaxy.\n Links: a. Metallicity b. Redshift survey c. Milky Way d. Metallicity", "pos": "Question: Between the Hershel and Planck spacecrafts, which one was launched first? Passage:Although no planetary probes were launched in 2009, four astronomical observatories were placed into orbit. The Kepler spacecraft, which was launched by a Delta II on 7 March, entered an Earth-trailing heliocentric orbit from where it will search for exoplanets. On 14 May, and Ariane 5ECA launched the Herschel and Planck spacecraft. Both were placed at the L Lagrangian point between the Earth and Sun, from where they will be used for astronomy. Herschel carries an infrared telescope whilst Planck carries an optical one. The fourth observatory to be launched was the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, or WISE, which is a replacement for the Wide Field Infrared Explorer which failed shortly after launch. WISE was launched into a sun-synchronous orbit by a Delta II on 14 December, and will be used for infrared astronomy. Repairs made to the Hubble Space Telescope during STS-125 restored it to full operations after a series of malfunctions in 2008.\n Links: a. Hubble Space Telescope b. Wide Field Infrared Explorer c. Herschel Space Observatory d. Delta II", "neg": "Question: How many stars are in Andromeda? Passage:HD 225218 is a quadruple star system in the northern constellation of Andromeda. The primary component, HD 225218 A, is a giant star with a stellar classification of B9III, an apparent magnitude of 6.16, and is a candidate Lambda Boötis star. It has a fainter, magnitude 9.65 companion, HD 225218 B, at an angular separation of 5.2″ along a position angle of 171°. The primary itself has been identified as a binary star system through interferometry, with the two components separated by 0.165″. The pair, HD 225218 Aa and Ab, orbit each other with a period of about 70 years and an eccentricity of 0.515. Component B is likewise a spectroscopic binary.\n Links: a. Andromeda (constellation) b. Lambda Boötis star c. Apparent magnitude d. Interferometry", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}489{"query": "Question: What is the highest level of mics? Passage:In 1994, he was introduced to Erick Sermon of EPMD by his friend K-Solo. Sermon included Murray on his album No Pressure on the single \"Hostile\", with critics praising Murray's lyrical ability. His appearance on Hostile led to Murray being signed to Jive Records, and work began on his first album. Murray's debut single, The Most Beautifullest Thing in This World was released in 1994 and was a hit. The song was produced by Erick Sermon (who also provided background vocals) and peaked at number 50 on the Billboard 200 and number 3 on the Hot Rap Singles chart. Murray's debut album The Most Beautifullest Thing in This World, was named after the single and released in 1994 to widespread critical acclaim and commercial success, being certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) in August 1995. The album was also given 4 mics by The Source. Murray continued to enjoy a high media-profile by appearing on a Coca-Cola advertisement and as a featured guest on Mary J Blige’s Be Happy, Total’s Can’t You See, R Kelly's Home Alone and LL Cool J’s I Shot Ya.\n Links: a. The Most Beautifullest Thing in This World (song) b. EPMD c. The Source d. The Most Beautifullest Thing in This World", "pos": "Question: Of the five singles released from Omarion's first two solo records, which song is the longest in duration? Passage:In early 2004, Omarion appeared in several films, most notably You Got Served in which he starred alongside Marques Houston, as well as his former B2K bandmates. The movie centered on a group of friends in a hip hop dance crew who take part in underground dance competitions. That same year, he played the role of the school bully \"Reggie\" in the comedy Fat Albert, based on the animated series Fat Albert and the Cosby Kids. On February 22, 2005, Omarion released his debut solo album O. The album debuted at #1 on the Billboard 200 and Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums charts. The first single from the album was \"O\". The single peaked at #27 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. The second single \"Touch\", peaked at #94 on the Billboard Hot 100. The album received a third and final release with, \"I'm Tryna\". O has sold over 758,000 copies in the United States since its release. Omarion received a Grammy nomination for the album at the 48th Grammy Awards for Best Contemporary R&B Album. On December 26, 2006 Omarion released his second album 21. The album debuted at #1 on the Billboard 200 and Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums charts. The first single from the album was \"Entourage\". The second single \"Ice Box\", produced by Timbaland, peaked at #12 on the Billboard Hot 100 and is Omarion's most successful solo single to date, reaching gold certification by the RIAA. 21 has sold over 390,000 copies in the United States since its release.\n Links: a. B2K b. Fat Albert and the Cosby Kids c. O (Omarion song) d. Ice Box (song)", "neg": "Question: Did G-Slimm's debut album sell more than The Chronic did? Passage:Kenneth Jackson Jr. was raised in Algiers, New Orleans. As a teenager he began rapping at parties on the Westbank alongside Marrero rapper Tim Smooth and Bustdown. He performed at a local block parties before being discovered by Charles \"Big Boy\" Temple in 1992. He was signed the next year to Big Boy Records along with Mystikal, Black Menace and Partners-N-Crime. Jackson dropped k from his name adopting the G and began doing features as G-Slimm. His debut album Fours Deuces & Trays was released on September 3, 1994, and featured, Mystikal who also made his debut on the album. Leroy \"Precise\" Edwards produced the tracks on the album, giving it a West Coast southern feel. The album sold well over 200,000 copies the first month, becoming the most acclaimed local rap albums of 1994. Due to the identical track layout format, it was often compared with Dr. Dre.'s The Chronic album. It was the first album produced in New Orleans to have a California G-Funk sound, relevant to G-Funk area of the mid 90s. The following year Jackson was offered a deal by Relativity Records. While working on his sophomore album titled G-Slimm for Relativity, he was murdered before it hit the stores. His last feature was with close friend rapper Tim Smooth on his album \"Da Franchise.\" Da Franchise was released in 1998 two years after his death. G-Slimm's vocals was also featured on Big Boy's 1997 compilation album \"We G's\".\n Links: a. New Orleans b. Algiers, New Orleans c. Mystikal d. G-Slimm", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}490{"query": "Question: What is the population of the city where Filip worked after working with Odo? Passage:He was the son of a merchant, Adolf Abraham Eisenberg, and Ester née Spiro. After finishing Sobieski Gymnasium in Kraków he studied medicine at the Jagiellonian University, where he obtained his PhD in medical studies in 1899. He then conducted postgraduate work in Vienna with Richard Paltauf and between 1901 and 1902 served as a research assistant to Odo Bujwid. Subsequently he worked in Paris, at the Pasteur Institute and then in Wrocław (Breslau) under the direction of Richard Pfeiffer. Between 1919 and 1920 he was the head of a Military Hospital in Warsaw. In 1933 he became the director of the National Bacteriology Station in Kraków, a position he held until 1939. Until 1941 he was the head of the Institute of Medical Microbiology in Lwów (L'viv).\n Links: a. Paris b. Jan III Sobieski High School, Kraków c. Jagiellonian University d. Lviv", "pos": "Question: Where was the person Filip worked with in Breslau educated? Passage:He was the son of a merchant, Adolf Abraham Eisenberg, and Ester née Spiro. After finishing Sobieski Gymnasium in Kraków he studied medicine at the Jagiellonian University, where he obtained his PhD in medical studies in 1899. He then conducted postgraduate work in Vienna with Richard Paltauf and between 1901 and 1902 served as a research assistant to Odo Bujwid. Subsequently he worked in Paris, at the Pasteur Institute and then in Wrocław (Breslau) under the direction of Richard Pfeiffer. Between 1919 and 1920 he was the head of a Military Hospital in Warsaw. In 1933 he became the director of the National Bacteriology Station in Kraków, a position he held until 1939. Until 1941 he was the head of the Institute of Medical Microbiology in Lwów (L'viv).\n Links: a. Richard Friedrich Johannes Pfeiffer b. Odo Bujwid c. Jan III Sobieski High School, Kraków d. Vienna", "neg": "Question: Is the high school Filip attended still open? Passage:He was the son of a merchant, Adolf Abraham Eisenberg, and Ester née Spiro. After finishing Sobieski Gymnasium in Kraków he studied medicine at the Jagiellonian University, where he obtained his PhD in medical studies in 1899. He then conducted postgraduate work in Vienna with Richard Paltauf and between 1901 and 1902 served as a research assistant to Odo Bujwid. Subsequently he worked in Paris, at the Pasteur Institute and then in Wrocław (Breslau) under the direction of Richard Pfeiffer. Between 1919 and 1920 he was the head of a Military Hospital in Warsaw. In 1933 he became the director of the National Bacteriology Station in Kraków, a position he held until 1939. Until 1941 he was the head of the Institute of Medical Microbiology in Lwów (L'viv).\n Links: a. Vienna b. Richard Paltauf c. Pasteur Institute d. Jan III Sobieski High School, Kraków", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}491{"query": "Question: How many other teams relegated in the season? Passage:Meacock was born in Hoole, Cheshire. He played for local club Hoole & Newton, and was on the books of Chester and Blackpool, before joining Torquay United in 1931, where he made his debut in the Football League. He went on to play regular first-team football in the Third Division North for Tranmere Rovers, where he was part of the Tranmere side which reached the Welsh Cup final in 1934, and Lincoln City, for whom he made 116 appearances in all competitions. Meacock then moved to First Division club Birmingham as one of a number of players signed in 1938 to \"boost the club's flagging fortunes\". He played 14 games in all competitions, but left at the end of the 1938–39 season with the club relegated. He joined Bristol City, but the outbreak of the Second World War put an end to his professional career.\n Links: a. 1938–39 in English football b. Hoole c. 1938–39 in English football d. Hoole", "pos": "Question: How many games did Higginbotham play for the team he ended his career with? Passage:He joined fellow Championship side Stoke City for a £225,000 fee in August 2006. He was made captain when Michael Duberry left in January 2007 and Stoke went on to narrowly miss out on a play-off place. With Stoke not being promoted Higginbotham again decided to hand in a transfer request to help force through a move to Sunderland. He spent one season at the Stadium of Light before returning to Stoke in 2008. He became a vital member of Tony Pulis' squad as Stoke established themselves in the Premier League. He scored the winning goal in the FA Cup quarter-final against West Ham United but missed out on both the semi-final and the final due to a knee injury. After his recovery he struggled to force his way back into the side and spent time out on loan to Nottingham Forest and Ipswich Town before joining Sheffield United on a free transfer in January 2013. After eight months at Bramall Lane, he left to join Conference Premier side Chester before ending his career with a short spell at Altrincham.\n Links: a. Altrincham F.C. b. Captain (association football) c. Stoke City F.C. d. Altrincham F.C.", "neg": "Question: Have the Rovers always been in Third Division North? Passage:Meacock was born in Hoole, Cheshire. He played for local club Hoole & Newton, and was on the books of Chester and Blackpool, before joining Torquay United in 1931, where he made his debut in the Football League. He went on to play regular first-team football in the Third Division North for Tranmere Rovers, where he was part of the Tranmere side which reached the Welsh Cup final in 1934, and Lincoln City, for whom he made 116 appearances in all competitions. Meacock then moved to First Division club Birmingham as one of a number of players signed in 1938 to \"boost the club's flagging fortunes\". He played 14 games in all competitions, but left at the end of the 1938–39 season with the club relegated. He joined Bristol City, but the outbreak of the Second World War put an end to his professional career.\n Links: a. Tranmere Rovers F.C. b. Torquay United F.C. c. Football League Third Division North d. 1938–39 in English football", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}492{"query": "Question: What is the capacity of the stadium where Sterling gave his first start in the league in a 2-2 draw to Manchester City? Passage:In August 2012, he made his European debut for the club, coming on as a substitute in a UEFA Europa League qualifying match against Gomel, replacing Joe Cole in a 0–1 away win. The following week, Sterling scored his first goal for the senior team with a first-half strike in a friendly against Bayer Leverkusen. On 23 August 2012, he started his first match for Liverpool in a Europa League qualifying match away to Hearts in a 0–1 win. He was given his first start in the league three days later in a 2–2 draw at Anfield to Manchester City. He played the full 90 minutes in the loss to Arsenal on 2 September, and the draw with Sunderland on 15 September, where he registered one assist and was named man of the match. On 19 September, Sterling was one of the group of teenagers that travelled to Switzerland to play Young Boys in a UEFA Europa League group match. He replaced Stewart Downing in the second half as Liverpool won 3–5. On 20 October, Sterling scored his first senior competitive goal for Liverpool in the 29th minute in a 1–0 league win against Reading with a strike from the edge of the box. As a result, he became the second-youngest player ever to score in a competitive fixture for Liverpool, behind only Michael Owen.\n Links: a. Reading F.C. b. Reading F.C. c. Anfield d. Manchester City F.C.", "pos": "Question: What was the home stadium for the club Mirallas joined in 2012? Passage:In August 2012, Mirallas joined Premier League club Everton for a reported fee of £6 million. He made his debut as a second-half substitute during a 3–1 league win over Aston Villa at Villa Park in which he had a headed goal disallowed due to it being ruled offside. In his first start four days later, Mirallas scored twice and provided two assists as Everton won 5–0 against Leyton Orient in the second round of the League Cup. He scored his first league goal on 22 September 2012, in a 3–0 away win against Swansea City after heading in his initial effort which rebounded off the underside of the bar. Mirallas suffered a number of injuries which limited his number of appearances during the middle part of the season. He made a number of brief cameos, notably against Tottenham Hotspur in December. Mirallas' next goal came against Oldham Athletic in a 3–1 win on 26 February 2013 in the fifth round of the FA Cup. He then scored again, scoring his second league goal of the season against Reading in a 3–1 win on 2 March 2013. He scored his first brace in David Moyes' last home game in charge of Everton in a 2–0 win against West Ham United.\n Links: a. Oldham Athletic A.F.C. b. David Moyes c. Everton F.C. d. Tottenham Hotspur F.C.", "neg": "Question: Which football club had a better winning record in 2012, Hearts or Manchester City? Passage:In August 2012, he made his European debut for the club, coming on as a substitute in a UEFA Europa League qualifying match against Gomel, replacing Joe Cole in a 0–1 away win. The following week, Sterling scored his first goal for the senior team with a first-half strike in a friendly against Bayer Leverkusen. On 23 August 2012, he started his first match for Liverpool in a Europa League qualifying match away to Hearts in a 0–1 win. He was given his first start in the league three days later in a 2–2 draw at Anfield to Manchester City. He played the full 90 minutes in the loss to Arsenal on 2 September, and the draw with Sunderland on 15 September, where he registered one assist and was named man of the match. On 19 September, Sterling was one of the group of teenagers that travelled to Switzerland to play Young Boys in a UEFA Europa League group match. He replaced Stewart Downing in the second half as Liverpool won 3–5. On 20 October, Sterling scored his first senior competitive goal for Liverpool in the 29th minute in a 1–0 league win against Reading with a strike from the edge of the box. As a result, he became the second-youngest player ever to score in a competitive fixture for Liverpool, behind only Michael Owen.\n Links: a. Heart of Midlothian F.C. b. UEFA Europa League c. Stewart Downing d. Reading F.C.", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}493{"query": "Question: Which of the battles that the Kumano served in lasted the longest? Passage:During the Battle of Midway, on 5 June, lookouts aboard Kumano spotted the surfaced USN submarine , and Kumano signaled a 45-degree simultaneous turn to avoid possible torpedoes. Kumano and Suzuya correctly made the turn, but the third vessel in line, Mikuma, made a 90-degree turn by mistake. The error resulted in a collision in which Mikuma was rammed by Mogami. Kumano returned to Kure on 23 June. On 17 July, Kumano and Suzuya were assigned to provide support for the Japanese invasion of Burma, and evaded six torpedoes fired by the Royal Dutch Navy submarine west of Perak, Malaya on 29 July. In August, Kumano and Suzuya were reassigned to support the reinforcement of Guadalcanal. During the Battle of the Eastern Solomons on 24 August, Kumano escaped without seeing combat and returned safely to Truk. However, she was attacked on 14 September north of the Solomon Islands by a flight of ten USAAF B-17 Flying Fortress bombers, and suffered light damage. During the Battle of Santa Cruz on 26 October, she provided support for Admiral Nagumo’s Carrier Strike Force, but did not see any combat. She returned to Kure on 7 November and after minor repairs, returned to Rabaul on 4 December with a cargo of troops and supplies. The cruiser continued to remain in the area on patrols and on fast transport missions through the middle of February 1943.\n Links: a. Guadalcanal b. Battle of Midway c. Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands d. Solomon Islands", "pos": "Question: How long did the rebellion that Un'yō was dispatched in last? Passage:Un'yō  was one of the ships dispatched to Kyūshū in 1874 during the Saga Rebellion. In May 1875, she carried diplomats to Busan in Korea in an attempt by the Japanese government to open diplomatic relations with the Joseon dynasty government. After they were rebuffed in these negotiations, the Japanese government again dispatched Un'yō in September 1875 under the command of Inoue Yoshika to provoke a military response, in what was later termed the Ganghwa Island incident. This eventually led to the Treaty of Ganghwa, which opened the Korean Peninsula to Japanese trade. In 1876, Un'yō  was assigned to assist in the suppression of the Hagi Rebellion, another uprising of disaffected former samurai. Un'yō  was severely damaged when she ran aground off the coast of the Kii Peninsula, and was scrapped the following year.\n Links: a. Kii Peninsula b. Saga Rebellion c. Joseon d. Inoue Yoshika", "neg": "Question: Who invented the type of vessel that was spotted by lookouts aboard Kumano during the battle of  Midway? Passage:During the Battle of Midway, on 5 June, lookouts aboard Kumano spotted the surfaced USN submarine , and Kumano signaled a 45-degree simultaneous turn to avoid possible torpedoes. Kumano and Suzuya correctly made the turn, but the third vessel in line, Mikuma, made a 90-degree turn by mistake. The error resulted in a collision in which Mikuma was rammed by Mogami. Kumano returned to Kure on 23 June. On 17 July, Kumano and Suzuya were assigned to provide support for the Japanese invasion of Burma, and evaded six torpedoes fired by the Royal Dutch Navy submarine west of Perak, Malaya on 29 July. In August, Kumano and Suzuya were reassigned to support the reinforcement of Guadalcanal. During the Battle of the Eastern Solomons on 24 August, Kumano escaped without seeing combat and returned safely to Truk. However, she was attacked on 14 September north of the Solomon Islands by a flight of ten USAAF B-17 Flying Fortress bombers, and suffered light damage. During the Battle of Santa Cruz on 26 October, she provided support for Admiral Nagumo’s Carrier Strike Force, but did not see any combat. She returned to Kure on 7 November and after minor repairs, returned to Rabaul on 4 December with a cargo of troops and supplies. The cruiser continued to remain in the area on patrols and on fast transport missions through the middle of February 1943.\n Links: a. Submarine b. Submarine c. Solomon Islands d. Guadalcanal", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}494{"query": "Question: Is historical negation a common form of propaganda? Passage:Historical negationism applies the techniques of research, quotation, and presentation for deception of the reader and denial of the historical record. In support of the \"revised history\" perspective, the negationist historian uses false documents as genuine sources, presents specious reasons to distrust genuine documents, exploits published opinions, by quoting out of historical context, manipulates statistics, and mistranslates texts in other languages. The revision techniques of historical negationism operate in the intellectual space of public debate for the advancement of a given interpretation of history and the cultural-perspective of the \"revised history\". As a document, the revised history is used to negate the validity of the factual, documentary record, and so reframe explanations and perceptions of the discussed historical event, in order to deceive the reader, the listener, and the viewer; therefore, historical negationism functions as a technique of propaganda. Rather than submit their works for peer review, negationist historians rewrite history and use logical fallacies to construct arguments that will obtain the desired results, a \"revised history\" that supports an agenda – political, ideological, religious, etc. In the practice of historiography, the British historian Richard J. Evans describes the technical differences, between professional historians and negationist historians:\n Links: a. Statistics b. Statistics c. Propaganda d. Historical revisionism", "pos": "Question: In what manner was the book Hersey wrote that further criticizes the school system written in the form of? Passage:His article about the dullness of grammar school readers in a 1954 issue of Life magazine, \"Why Do Students Bog Down on First R? A Local Committee Sheds Light on a National Problem: Reading\" was the inspiration for Dr. Seuss's juvenile story The Cat in the Hat. Further criticisms of the school system came with The Child Buyer (1960), a speculative-fiction novel. Hersey also wrote The Algiers Motel Incident, about a racially motivated shooting by police during the 12th Street Riot in Detroit, Michigan, during July 1967. Hersey's first novel A Bell for Adano, about the Allied occupation of a Sicilian town during World War II, won the Pulitzer Prize for the Novel in 1945, and was adapted into the 1945 movie A Bell for Adano directed by Henry King, featuring John Hodiak and Gene Tierney. His 1956 short novel, A Single Pebble is the tale of a young American engineer traveling up the Yangtze on a river junk during the 1920s and discovering that his romantic concepts of China bring disaster. His 1965 novel, White Lotus, is exploration of the African American experience prior to civil rights as reflected in an alternate history in which white Americans are enslaved by the Chinese after losing \"the Great War\" to them.\n Links: a. Basal reader b. Basal reader c. The Child Buyer d. Pulitzer Prize for Fiction", "neg": "Question: What were the fields of study of the two notable scientists who disliked natural selection and raised religious objections? Passage:Where the fact of evolutionary change was accepted by biologists but natural selection was denied, including but not limited to the late 19th century eclipse of Darwinism, alternative scientific explanations such as Lamarckism, orthogenesis, structuralism, catastrophism, vitalism and theistic evolution were entertained, not necessarily separately. (Purely religious points of view such as young or old earth creationism or intelligent design are not considered here.) Different factors motivated people to propose non-Darwinian evolutionary mechanisms. Natural selection, with its emphasis on death and competition, did not appeal to some naturalists because they felt it immoral, leaving little room for teleology or the concept of progress in the development of life. Some of these scientists and philosophers, like St. George Jackson Mivart and Charles Lyell, who came to accept evolution but disliked natural selection, raised religious objections. Others, such as the biologist and philosopher Herbert Spencer, the botanist George Henslow (son of Darwin's mentor John Stevens Henslow, also a botanist), and the author Samuel Butler, felt that evolution was an inherently progressive process that natural selection alone was insufficient to explain. Still others, including the American paleontologists Edward Drinker Cope and Alpheus Hyatt, had an idealist perspective and felt that nature, including the development of life, followed orderly patterns that natural selection could not explain.\n Links: a. St. George Jackson Mivart b. Vitalism c. George Henslow d. Lamarckism", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}495{"query": "Question: What was the first flight with Charlesworth as the flight director to involve extravehicular activity? Passage:Clifford Eugene Charlesworth was born on November 29, 1931, in Red Wing, Minnesota, and grew up in Mississippi. He completed his education at Mississippi College with a bachelor's degree in physics in 1958. After a time as a civil servant with the United States Navy and the Pershing missile program of the United States Army, he joined NASA in 1962. He worked at the Manned Spacecraft Center in Houston, Texas, until 1970. He served as the Flight Director on Gemini 11 and Gemini 12, and as one of the Flight Directors on Apollo 8, the first mission to orbit the Moon; Apollo 11, the first mission to land on the Moon; and Apollo 12, the second Moon landing mission. From 1970 to 1972 he was manager of the Earth observation satellite program. He then worked as Deputy Head of the Payload Section of the Space Shuttle program, as Deputy Director of the Johnson Space Center, and as Director of Space Operations before he retired in 1988.\n Links: a. Gemini 11 b. Houston c. Mississippi College d. Gemini 12", "pos": "Question: When did construction begin on the Space Station launched in the 1970's based on a design of the Saturn IB S-IVB upper stage called Skylab A? Passage:In the 1970s, the Skylab Space Station is launched, but apparently as a wet workshop design that is based on the Saturn IB S-IVB upper stage called Skylab A. The Saturn V that might have launched Skylab in our timeline instead launches Skylab B, a lunar orbit space station unofficially named \"Moonlab\", also a wet workshop based on the S-IVB. The Apollo-Soyuz Test Project is instead a series of visits by the Apollo Command/Service Module to Salyut space stations, and Soyuz missions to both Skylab and Moonlab. To facilitate the latter, the Soviets finally finish work on their N-1. The Skylab/Moonlab programs lead to improvements in the design of the Apollo Command/Service Module. A Block III CSM is produced using battery power in place of fuel cells, followed by the Block IV and V, which have a degree of reusability (modular construction and resistance to salt water corrosion). Also chronicled is the development of the experimental 'Mars Excursion Module' by small aerospace firm Columbia Aviation as it struggles against larger rival contractors of NASA and its engineers working painstakingly against the technical challenges of a working and reliable Mars lander.\n Links: a. Skylab b. S-IVB c. S-IVB d. Apollo–Soyuz Test Project", "neg": "Question: When was the spaceship which attached to the mother ship created? Passage:Baxter publicly credits his fascination with the space program to reading From the Earth to the Moon by Jules Verne as a young boy. Baxter holds the distinction of First Founder of Virgin Galactic, a space tourism company announced by Sir Richard Branson on September 25, 2004. Baxter purchased the first commercial space flight ticket at $200,000 USD after viewing a 60 Minutes segment featuring Burt Rutan, winner of the $10,000,000 X Prize for the first non-governmental organization to launch a reusable manned spacecraft into space twice within two weeks, and thereafter, earning him the nickname \"Rocket Man\". Rutan is also the designer of Sir Richard Branson's SpaceShipTwo, which attached to the mother ship, will be carried to about 16 kilometers or 52,000 feet by a carrier aircraft, White Knight Two. At that point, when the carrier aircraft reaches its maximum height, the SpaceShipTwo vehicle will separate and continue to over 100 km (the Kármán line, a common definition of where \"space\" begins). Despite the crash of the first iteration of SpaceShipTwo during a test flight on October 31, 2014, Baxter remains optimistic about his upcoming flight and continues to hold his place at the top of the passenger list to become the world's first commercial space tourist.\n Links: a. Jules Verne b. Kármán line c. SpaceShipTwo d. 60 Minutes", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}496{"query": "Question: Who were the first commander of the regiment Erwin served in during the American Civil War? Passage:Born in Washington, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania, Erwin settled in Portage, Wisconsin in 1853. From 1855 to 1868, Erwin lived in Jo Daviess County, Illinois and then in Stephenson County, Illinois. During the American Civil War, Erwin served in the 45th Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment. In 1868, Erwin moved to Tomah, Wisconsin and was in the mercantile business. From 1879 to 1882 and 1886, Erwin served on the Tomah Board of Education and was president of the school board. From 1882 to 1889, Erwin served in the Wisconsin State Senate and was a Republican. In 1889, Erwin served as postmaster for Tomah, Wisconsin. In 1902, Erwin moved with his family to Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Erwin died suddenly in Savanna, Illinois just as he was about get on a train for a trip to Omaha, Nebraska.\n Links: a. Lycoming County, Pennsylvania b. Stephenson County, Illinois c. 45th Illinois Infantry Regiment d. Milwaukee", "pos": "Question: What army did the 13th Iowa Infantry Regiment fight for during the Civil War? Passage:At the beginning of the Civil War, he became a lieutenant and adjutant of the 13th Iowa Infantry Regiment. He fought at the battle of Shiloh and Corinth. He served as assistant adjutant general in the XVII Corps during the siege of Vicksburg and assistant adjutant general to the Army of the Tennessee during the Atlanta Campaign. He was made a brevet brigadier general for service in the Atlanta Campaign and was assigned to an infantry brigade in the XV Corps during the Carolinas Campaign, but was only lightly engaged in fighting. He rose to the full rank of brigadier general of volunteers (1865), and was made a brevet major general at the close of the same year for gallant and meritorious services during the war.\n Links: a. Major general b. Siege of Vicksburg c. 13th Iowa Volunteer Infantry Regiment d. Major general", "neg": "Question: Who was the commander of the Army of Tennessee during the siege of Vicksburg? Passage:At the beginning of the Civil War, he became a lieutenant and adjutant of the 13th Iowa Infantry Regiment. He fought at the battle of Shiloh and Corinth. He served as assistant adjutant general in the XVII Corps during the siege of Vicksburg and assistant adjutant general to the Army of the Tennessee during the Atlanta Campaign. He was made a brevet brigadier general for service in the Atlanta Campaign and was assigned to an infantry brigade in the XV Corps during the Carolinas Campaign, but was only lightly engaged in fighting. He rose to the full rank of brigadier general of volunteers (1865), and was made a brevet major general at the close of the same year for gallant and meritorious services during the war.\n Links: a. Siege of Vicksburg b. Major general c. Brigadier general d. Brigadier general", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}497{"query": "Question: In what year was the publication founded which claimed that  Jeremy Corbyn had been present at a 2014 wreath-laying at a cemetery which contained the graves of many Palestinian activists? Passage:On 15 August 2018, a British political controversy was initiated when the Daily Mail claimed that, prior to becoming Labour Party Leader, Jeremy Corbyn had been present at a 2014 wreath-laying at a cemetery which contained the graves of many Palestinian activists including Salah Khalaf and Atef Bseiso, both of whom were members of the Black September Organization and were behind the Munich massacre of Israeli athletes at the 1972 Summer Olympics. The wreath-laying took place during a commemorative ceremony for victims of the 1985 Israeli air strikes on the PLO headquarters in Tunis, Tunisia, which had been widely condemned at the time, including by the U.S. Government. Corbyn and the Conservative peer Baron Sheikh had been in Tunisia to attend the International Conference on Monitoring the Palestinian Political and Legal Situation in the Light of Israeli Aggression. The controversy was considered to be part of a wider series of issues relating to claims of antisemitism in the Labour party and Corbyn's personal position on the Middle East, which have escalated since Corbyn became a front-runner for Labour Party leader in August 2015.\n Links: a. Atef Bseiso b. Operation Wooden Leg c. Daily Mail d. Jeremy Corbyn", "pos": "Question: Which country won the most gold medals at the Olympics during which the Munich massacre took place? Passage:On 15 August 2018, a British political controversy was initiated when the Daily Mail claimed that, prior to becoming Labour Party Leader, Jeremy Corbyn had been present at a 2014 wreath-laying at a cemetery which contained the graves of many Palestinian activists including Salah Khalaf and Atef Bseiso, both of whom were members of the Black September Organization and were behind the Munich massacre of Israeli athletes at the 1972 Summer Olympics. The wreath-laying took place during a commemorative ceremony for victims of the 1985 Israeli air strikes on the PLO headquarters in Tunis, Tunisia, which had been widely condemned at the time, including by the U.S. Government. Corbyn and the Conservative peer Baron Sheikh had been in Tunisia to attend the International Conference on Monitoring the Palestinian Political and Legal Situation in the Light of Israeli Aggression. The controversy was considered to be part of a wider series of issues relating to claims of antisemitism in the Labour party and Corbyn's personal position on the Middle East, which have escalated since Corbyn became a front-runner for Labour Party leader in August 2015.\n Links: a. Tunis b. Black September Organization c. 1972 Summer Olympics d. Palestine Liberation Organization", "neg": "Question: What was the circulation of the Picture Post the year Cameron became a dogsbody with the Weekly News? Passage:Cameron began as an office dogsbody with the Weekly News in 1935. Having worked for several Scottish newspapers and for the Daily Express in Fleet Street, he was rejected for military service in World War II. After the war, his experience of reporting on the Bikini Atoll nuclear experiments turned him into a pacifist and a founding member of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament. He continued to work for the Express until 1950, after which he briefly joined Picture Post, where he and photographer Bert Hardy covered the Korean War, winning the Missouri Pictures of the Year International Award for \"Inchon\". Tom Hopkinson, the editor of Picture Post, lost his job as publisher when he defended the magazine's coverage of atrocities committed by South Korean troops at a concentration camp in Pusan. Cameron wrote, \"I had seen Belsen, but this was worse. This terrible mob of men - convicted of nothing, un-tried, South Koreans in South Korea, suspected of being 'unreliable'.\" The founder of the Hulton press, Edward G. Hulton, decided to \"kill\" the story.\n Links: a. Pacifism b. Picture Post c. Korean War d. Bert Hardy", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}498{"query": "Question: Was Ofori-Atta born after the two West African women who became physicians before her? Passage:Susan Barbara Gyankorama Ofori-Atta also de Graft-Johnson, (1917 – July 1985) was a Ghanaian medical doctor – the first female doctor on the Gold Coast. She was the first Ghanaian woman and fourth West African woman to earn a university degree. Ofori-Atta was also the third West African woman to become a physician after the Nigerians Agnes Yewande Savage (1929) and Elizabeth Abimbola Awoliyi (1938). In 1933, Sierra Leonean political activist and higher education pioneer, Edna Elliot-Horton became the second West African woman university graduate and the first to earn a bachelor's degree in the liberal arts. Eventually Ofori-Atta became a medical officer-in-charge at the Kumasi Hospital, and later, she assumed in charge of the Princess Louise Hospital for Women. Her contemporary was Matilda J. Clerk, the second Ghanaian woman and fourth West African woman to become a physician, who was also educated at Achimota and Edinburgh. Ofori-Atta was made an Honorary Doctor of Science by the University of Ghana for her work on malnutrition in children, and received the Royal Cross from Pope John Paul II when he visited Ghana in 1980, in recognition of her offering of free medical services at her clinic. She helped to establish the Women's Society for Public Affairs and was a Foundation Fellow of the Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences. Her achievements were a symbol of inspiration to aspiring women physicians in Ghana.\n Links: a. Ghana b. Pope John Paul II c. Women in Ghana d. Agnes Yewande Savage", "pos": "Question: Which of William Scarlett's daughters is the oldest? Passage:In 1863 he married Helen Magruder, daughter of Commodore George Allan Magruder, of the United States Navy. They had one son, James. They had two daughters, Ella Campbell Scarlett who studied medicine at London School of Medicine for Women and the Royal Free Hospital and became the first female doctor in the state of Bloemfontein, South Africa, and Evelina, who married Major Henry Haverfield, was a suffragette and an aid worker during World War I. One of the two main family estates at this time (the other being the house that is today Inverlochy Castle Hotel) was Abinger Hall, at the foot of the North Downs in Abinger, Surrey. The third baron sold it in 1867 to a Mr Gwynne, who soon thereafter sold it to become the family seat of the statistician recently created first Lord Farrer, who rebuilt the house on that land.\n Links: a. Baron Farrer b. Inverlochy Castle Hotel c. Suffragette d. Evelina Haverfield", "neg": "Question: What age was the Pope when he gave the Royal Cross to Ofori-Atta? Passage:Susan Barbara Gyankorama Ofori-Atta also de Graft-Johnson, (1917 – July 1985) was a Ghanaian medical doctor – the first female doctor on the Gold Coast. She was the first Ghanaian woman and fourth West African woman to earn a university degree. Ofori-Atta was also the third West African woman to become a physician after the Nigerians Agnes Yewande Savage (1929) and Elizabeth Abimbola Awoliyi (1938). In 1933, Sierra Leonean political activist and higher education pioneer, Edna Elliot-Horton became the second West African woman university graduate and the first to earn a bachelor's degree in the liberal arts. Eventually Ofori-Atta became a medical officer-in-charge at the Kumasi Hospital, and later, she assumed in charge of the Princess Louise Hospital for Women. Her contemporary was Matilda J. Clerk, the second Ghanaian woman and fourth West African woman to become a physician, who was also educated at Achimota and Edinburgh. Ofori-Atta was made an Honorary Doctor of Science by the University of Ghana for her work on malnutrition in children, and received the Royal Cross from Pope John Paul II when he visited Ghana in 1980, in recognition of her offering of free medical services at her clinic. She helped to establish the Women's Society for Public Affairs and was a Foundation Fellow of the Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences. Her achievements were a symbol of inspiration to aspiring women physicians in Ghana.\n Links: a. Ghana b. Women in Ghana c. Pope John Paul II d. Agnes Yewande Savage", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}499{"query": "Question: Are the two canals which were built in 1914 and 1930, and which are located in parallel to the Lippe, of equal length to each other? Passage:Historically, the preconditions for a change of the landscape started with the construction of the Cologne-Minden trunk line in the 1840s that connected the river Rhine settlements like Cologne with harbours and trade at the river Weser and so with the Lippe town Hamm, too. Moreover, this railway supported the coal and steel industry development in the northern Ruhr region. The hard coal mining that started in the middle of the 19th century in the Emscher catchment area developed in the following decades direction north and so to the Lippe catchment area, too, where from the 1860s on first problems from mining subsidence and drainage of polluted water appeared. The historical city of Hamm and the towns Lünen, Haltern and Dorsten were small settlements located at the Lippe but expanded with the establishing of hard coal mines starting around 1900. The industrialization caused huge water quality problems in the Lippe tributaries and the Lippe itself; therefore first in 1913 the Sesekegenossenschaft and later in 1926 the Lippeverband as water boards (“Wasserwirtschaftsverbände”) were established. Since 1914 the Datteln-Hamm Canal and 1930 the Wesel-Datteln Canal are located in parallel to the Lippe which is not navigable for mass transportation. The canals receive Lippe water or feed the Lippe (to improve dry weather flow) from an exchange facility in Hamm, operated by the Wasserverband Westdeutsche Kanäle.\n Links: a. Cologne-Minden trunk line b. Wasserverband Westdeutsche Kanäle c. Datteln-Hamm Canal d. Weser", "pos": "Question: Which of these water bodies is longer? Passage:Stalybridge is a town in the Metropolitan Borough of Tameside in Greater Manchester, England. It lies on the course of the River Tame and the Huddersfield canal, on undulating land in the foothills of the Pennines. Historically a part of Cheshire, it is east of Manchester city centre and northwest of Glossop. The road from Oldham, to the pennine passes: the Snake pass and Woodhead, bridges the river at this point. Stalybridge was the junction of three early railway companies. The Ashton, Stalybridge and Liverpool Junction Railway Company was formed on 19 July 1844 and the railway was connected to Stalybridge on 5 October 1846. On 9 July 1847 the company was acquired by the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway. On 1 August 1849 the Manchester, Stockport and Leeds Railway connected Stalybridge to Huddersfield and later to Stockport. This line later became part of the London and North Western Railway.\n Links: a. Greater Manchester b. Historic counties of England c. Huddersfield Narrow Canal d. River Tame, Greater Manchester", "neg": "Question: Was the Rhine settlement that the trunk line connected with other places more than a hundred years old at the time of said construction? Passage:Historically, the preconditions for a change of the landscape started with the construction of the Cologne-Minden trunk line in the 1840s that connected the river Rhine settlements like Cologne with harbours and trade at the river Weser and so with the Lippe town Hamm, too. Moreover, this railway supported the coal and steel industry development in the northern Ruhr region. The hard coal mining that started in the middle of the 19th century in the Emscher catchment area developed in the following decades direction north and so to the Lippe catchment area, too, where from the 1860s on first problems from mining subsidence and drainage of polluted water appeared. The historical city of Hamm and the towns Lünen, Haltern and Dorsten were small settlements located at the Lippe but expanded with the establishing of hard coal mines starting around 1900. The industrialization caused huge water quality problems in the Lippe tributaries and the Lippe itself; therefore first in 1913 the Sesekegenossenschaft and later in 1926 the Lippeverband as water boards (“Wasserwirtschaftsverbände”) were established. Since 1914 the Datteln-Hamm Canal and 1930 the Wesel-Datteln Canal are located in parallel to the Lippe which is not navigable for mass transportation. The canals receive Lippe water or feed the Lippe (to improve dry weather flow) from an exchange facility in Hamm, operated by the Wasserverband Westdeutsche Kanäle.\n Links: a. Ruhr b. Wasserverband Westdeutsche Kanäle c. Hamm d. Cologne", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}500{"query": "Question: What team had the best record in the 2015 regular season in the CWUAA? Passage:During the following off-season in 2015, UBC Athletics would draw the Dinos head coach, Blake Nill away from the Calgary Dinos in what was the most high profile coaching change that year. Nill's impact was immediate as he was able to recruit quarterback Michael O'Connor, who was the ranked the sixth best quarterback by ESPN among the 2014 recruiting class. The Thunderbirds achieved a turnaround in Nill's debut season at the UBC helm to finish the 2015 regular season with a 6–2 record, placing second in the CWUAA standings. During the ensuing post-season drive of three straight single-elimination playoff games on the road, UBC upset the heavily favoured Calgary Dinos in the Hardy Cup game at Calgary; then defeated the St. Francis Xavier X-Men to earn its historical first Uteck Bowl victory at Antigonish, to advance to the national title game. In the 51st Vanier Cup championship, the Thunderbirds narrowly defeated the defending CIS champion Montreal Carabins, by scoring the game's last possession field goal to end the fourth quarter. The victory was UBC's fourth Vanier Cup overall, tying the Calgary Dinos for the all-time record among CWUAA member universities.\n Links: a. Calgary b. Uteck Bowl c. 2015 CIS football season d. Uteck Bowl", "pos": "Question: What NCAA football team from the Huskies' division won the championship in 2014? Passage:The 2014 Northern Illinois Huskies football team represented Northern Illinois University in the 2014 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Huskies competed in the West Division of the Mid-American Conference. They were led by second-year head coach Rod Carey. They played their home games at Huskie Stadium. The Huskies' regular season loss to Central Michigan snapped a 26-game home winning streak dating back to the 2009 season. They finished the season 11–3, 7–1 in MAC play to win a share of the MAC West Division Title with Toledo. Due to their head-to-head win over Toledo, the Huskies represented the West Division in the MAC Championship Game where they defeated Bowling Green to be crowned MAC Champions. They were invited to the Boca Raton Bowl where they lost to Conference USA Champion Marshall.\n Links: a. 2014 Bowling Green Falcons football team b. 2014 Bowling Green Falcons football team c. 2014 NCAA Division I FBS football season d. 2014 Bowling Green Falcons football team", "neg": "Question: Did the team that the Huskies lost to in the Boca Raton Bowl have a better season record than the one they beat in the MAC Championship game? Passage:The 2014 Northern Illinois Huskies football team represented Northern Illinois University in the 2014 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Huskies competed in the West Division of the Mid-American Conference. They were led by second-year head coach Rod Carey. They played their home games at Huskie Stadium. The Huskies' regular season loss to Central Michigan snapped a 26-game home winning streak dating back to the 2009 season. They finished the season 11–3, 7–1 in MAC play to win a share of the MAC West Division Title with Toledo. Due to their head-to-head win over Toledo, the Huskies represented the West Division in the MAC Championship Game where they defeated Bowling Green to be crowned MAC Champions. They were invited to the Boca Raton Bowl where they lost to Conference USA Champion Marshall.\n Links: a. 2009 Northern Illinois Huskies football team b. 2014 Mid-American Conference football season c. Rod Carey d. 2014 Bowling Green Falcons football team", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}501{"query": "Question: Which location that Thompson played at had a larger stadium which would allow more fans to view his performance, Illinois or Stanford? Passage:In his final year at Washington in 2014, Thompson was awarded the fifth annual Paul Hornung Award, given to the nation's most versatile player. He was named first-team All-America by ESPN, CBS Sports, Scout.com and SB Nation. He announced on January 5, 2015 that he would forgo his senior season and enter the 2015 NFL Draft. He was named a Midseason All-American by ESPN, NFL.com, CBS Sports and Phil Steele. He was listed as the national defensive player of the year by three of six writers on the CBS Sports panel. He scored six touchdowns in 2014, two as a running back and four on defense (one interception return and three fumble returns). He was named a first-team preseason All-America by Athlon. He made SI.com's preseason All-America second team. He was also named to the preseason watch list for both the Bednarik (top defensive player) and Paul Hornung (most versatile player) Awards. He started each of the Huskies' games for the season. In a victory over Eastern Washington, he notched 15 tackles, including a sack, forced a fumble and also had three carries for 66 yards, including a 57-yard touchdown run. He was named the national defensive player of the week by the Walter Camp Foundation and Athlon's following a two-touchdown performance vs. Illinois, where he scored on a 36-yard interception return and on a 52-yard fumble return, becoming the first Husky on record to have scored two defensive touchdowns in the same game. He scored his third defensive touchdown (and fourth overall) vs. Stanford, returning a fumble (that he forced) 32 yards for a score. He also had seven tackles, including one for a loss, and forced another fumble vs. the Cardinal. He scored on a 100-yard fumble return in the win at Cal, where he was a game captain. He is one of just four 100-yard plays in University of Washington history (others were a punt return by Hugh McElhenny and kickoff returns by Paul Arnold and John Ross). He also had a game-high 11 tackles against the Bears, and was named the National Defensive Player of the Week by Athlon, as well as Pac-12 Defensive Player of the Week, following the Cal game. He played mostly running back vs. Arizona State, gaining 98 yards on 21 carries, and also caught two passes for 15 yards. He started at tailback at Colorado, rushing for 174 yards and a touchdown on just 15 carries (11.6-yard average), leading this to be named the team's offensive player of the game after the win in Boulder. He made a second straight start at tailback, but also saw a good deal of action on the defense, vs. UCLA, when he was a game captain. He rushed for 100 yards on 16 carries vs. the Bruins, while also notching four tackles. He played only on defense and special teams at Arizona, finishing with three tackles. He made five tackles in the Apple Cup win at Washington State. He posted 10 tackles, including half of a tackle for loss, in the Cactus Bowl. He was tied for second in the nation with four fumble recoveries. Following his junior season, Thompson declared for the 2015 NFL Draft.\n Links: a. Running back b. Stanford Cardinal football c. CBS Sports d. Stanford Cardinal football", "pos": "Question: Does the conference that Marshall plays in have more members than the one that Northern Illinois is a member of? Passage:The 2014 Northern Illinois Huskies football team represented Northern Illinois University in the 2014 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Huskies competed in the West Division of the Mid-American Conference. They were led by second-year head coach Rod Carey. They played their home games at Huskie Stadium. The Huskies' regular season loss to Central Michigan snapped a 26-game home winning streak dating back to the 2009 season. They finished the season 11–3, 7–1 in MAC play to win a share of the MAC West Division Title with Toledo. Due to their head-to-head win over Toledo, the Huskies represented the West Division in the MAC Championship Game where they defeated Bowling Green to be crowned MAC Champions. They were invited to the Boca Raton Bowl where they lost to Conference USA Champion Marshall.\n Links: a. 2014 Toledo Rockets football team b. Conference USA c. Huskie Stadium d. 2014 Boca Raton Bowl", "neg": "Question: How many years after SI.com was launched was Thompson made preseason All-America second team? Passage:In his final year at Washington in 2014, Thompson was awarded the fifth annual Paul Hornung Award, given to the nation's most versatile player. He was named first-team All-America by ESPN, CBS Sports, Scout.com and SB Nation. He announced on January 5, 2015 that he would forgo his senior season and enter the 2015 NFL Draft. He was named a Midseason All-American by ESPN, NFL.com, CBS Sports and Phil Steele. He was listed as the national defensive player of the year by three of six writers on the CBS Sports panel. He scored six touchdowns in 2014, two as a running back and four on defense (one interception return and three fumble returns). He was named a first-team preseason All-America by Athlon. He made SI.com's preseason All-America second team. He was also named to the preseason watch list for both the Bednarik (top defensive player) and Paul Hornung (most versatile player) Awards. He started each of the Huskies' games for the season. In a victory over Eastern Washington, he notched 15 tackles, including a sack, forced a fumble and also had three carries for 66 yards, including a 57-yard touchdown run. He was named the national defensive player of the week by the Walter Camp Foundation and Athlon's following a two-touchdown performance vs. Illinois, where he scored on a 36-yard interception return and on a 52-yard fumble return, becoming the first Husky on record to have scored two defensive touchdowns in the same game. He scored his third defensive touchdown (and fourth overall) vs. Stanford, returning a fumble (that he forced) 32 yards for a score. He also had seven tackles, including one for a loss, and forced another fumble vs. the Cardinal. He scored on a 100-yard fumble return in the win at Cal, where he was a game captain. He is one of just four 100-yard plays in University of Washington history (others were a punt return by Hugh McElhenny and kickoff returns by Paul Arnold and John Ross). He also had a game-high 11 tackles against the Bears, and was named the National Defensive Player of the Week by Athlon, as well as Pac-12 Defensive Player of the Week, following the Cal game. He played mostly running back vs. Arizona State, gaining 98 yards on 21 carries, and also caught two passes for 15 yards. He started at tailback at Colorado, rushing for 174 yards and a touchdown on just 15 carries (11.6-yard average), leading this to be named the team's offensive player of the game after the win in Boulder. He made a second straight start at tailback, but also saw a good deal of action on the defense, vs. UCLA, when he was a game captain. He rushed for 100 yards on 16 carries vs. the Bruins, while also notching four tackles. He played only on defense and special teams at Arizona, finishing with three tackles. He made five tackles in the Apple Cup win at Washington State. He posted 10 tackles, including half of a tackle for loss, in the Cactus Bowl. He was tied for second in the nation with four fumble recoveries. Following his junior season, Thompson declared for the 2015 NFL Draft.\n Links: a. Arizona State Sun Devils football b. Running back c. Running back d. Sports Illustrated", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}502{"query": "Question: How old was Walt Disney the year Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs was released? Passage:After the success of Walt Disney Productions' first feature-length animated film Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937), filmmaker Walt Disney himself made several attempts to adapt the fairy tale \"Beauty and the Beast\" by Jeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont into one of the studio's earliest animated feature films during the 1930s and 1950s. However, the project was continuously abandoned due to the fairy tale's \"static\" plot and main characters. The filmmaker was also concerned about the \"unnecessary intensity\" required to depict Belle's imprisonment. Inspired by the unprecedented success of The Little Mermaid (1989), Walt Disney Studios chairman Jeffrey Katzenberg green-lit another attempt at adapting \"Beauty and the Beast\" under the direction of Richard Purdum. However, Katzenberg did not approve of Purdum's dark, somber version of the fairy tale, and ultimately ordered that it be restarted from scratch in favor of creating a Broadway-style musical film starring a strong heroine, more similar to The Little Mermaid. Opting instead for a \"feminist twist\" on the original story, largely in response to critics' negative reception to Ariel regarding her pursuit of Eric being her overall character, Katzenberg hired television writer Linda Woolverton, who had never written an animated film before, to write the film's screenplay.\n Links: a. Musical film b. Walt Disney c. Linda Woolverton d. Beauty and the Beast", "pos": "Question: How many films had Walt Disney Television Animation created by the year The Little Mermaid II: Return to the Sea was released? Passage:The Little Mermaid II: Return to the Sea is a 2000 American animated direct-to-video musical adventure film produced by Walt Disney Television Animation, the sequel to the 1989 Disney animated film The Little Mermaid and final installment in The Little Mermaid series. Directed by Jim Kammerud and Brian Smith, the story of the film takes place 12 years after the original, and focuses on Ariel and Eric's daughter Melody, a human princess who longs to swim in the ocean despite her parents' law that the sea is forbidden to her. The film features the voices of Jodi Benson as Ariel, Tara Charendoff as Melody, and Pat Carroll as Morgana, the film's new villain. In 2008, Disney released a third film in the Little Mermaid series, , which is a prequel to the original film. This was Buddy Hackett's final film role before his death in June 2003. The film received largely negative reviews with criticism directed at the plot, which many considered to be a generic rehash of the original film.\n Links: a. Sequel b. Disney Television Animation c. The Little Mermaid (1989 film) d. List of The Little Mermaid characters", "neg": "Question: Did the person who worked on the Tinker Bell movie have any other prior animation credits at the time? Passage:In the early 2000s, DisneyToon Studios (DTS) joined Disney Consumer Products (DCP) as their internal Disney conglomerate video partner in developing the new Disney franchises. While DCP eyed other potential franchises, DisneyToon looked to the Seven Dwarfs for a male-centric franchise to counterbalance the female-centric Fairies. By 2005, The Seven Dwarfs computer-animated sequel to Snow White was officially underway. Paul and Gaëtan Brizzi was one team that was given an attempt at a movie pitch, which was to follow the Dwarfs in which they trap the villain in the magic mirror and setting it up for Snow White movie. Given the possible demand, Buena Vista Games brought in Obsidian Entertainment, a game developer, who pitched a video game focusing on the Dwarfs' similar ancestors. DTS executives were not feeling that the two franchise launching projects were coming together well enough that they turned to Mike Disa, who worked on the Tinker Bell movie story. Disa and Evan Spiliotopoulos pitched a Lord of the Rings-style epic for the dwarfs while \"connecting seamlessly\" with the original movie, which was given permission to move forward. With interfering managers wanting a tragic back story for Dopey, Disa decided that he could not go forward. Walt Disney Animation Studios chief creative officer John Lasseter about two month later ended production on the film.\n Links: a. Disneytoon Studios b. Walt Disney Animation Studios c. Mike Disa d. Disney Interactive Studios", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}503{"query": "Question: When was the record label that released Carlton's third studio album first found? Passage:\"Hands on Me\" is a song on Vanessa Carlton's third studio album, Heroes & Thieves (2007), and is the album's second single. According to the website FMQB.com, it was released to mainstream contemporary hit radio in the United States on February 19, 2008 (see 2008 in music). It was mentioned as a possible choice for the second single in a June 2007 article in Entertainment Weekly, which wrote that it \"sounded tailor-made for a rom-com trailer coming soon to a theater near you.\" Irv Gotti, the head of Carlton's label, The Inc. Records, was quoted as saying that the song reminded him of the 1985 film The Breakfast Club.\n Links: a. Murder Inc Records b. Murder Inc Records c. Contemporary hit radio d. Contemporary hit radio", "pos": "Question: What age was Vanessa Carlton when her third studio album came out? Passage:\"Hands on Me\" is a song on Vanessa Carlton's third studio album, Heroes & Thieves (2007), and is the album's second single. According to the website FMQB.com, it was released to mainstream contemporary hit radio in the United States on February 19, 2008 (see 2008 in music). It was mentioned as a possible choice for the second single in a June 2007 article in Entertainment Weekly, which wrote that it \"sounded tailor-made for a rom-com trailer coming soon to a theater near you.\" Irv Gotti, the head of Carlton's label, The Inc. Records, was quoted as saying that the song reminded him of the 1985 film The Breakfast Club.\n Links: a. Vanessa Carlton b. The Breakfast Club c. Murder Inc Records d. Single (music)", "neg": "Question: How many sales did Sean Paul's third album make? Passage:\"(When You Gonna) Give It Up to Me\" (known as \"Give It Up to Me\" in its solo version) is a reggae–dancehall song written by Sean Paul for his third album The Trinity (2005). The single meant to be released after \"Temperature\" was \"Breakout\", but was switched to \"Give It Up To Me\" to promote the film Step Up (2006). It is the fourth U.S. single taken from the album and the fifth UK single. It was a split single with \"Never Gonna Be the Same\", which was released outside the North America in June 2006 but it was finally released worldwide in October 2006. The version released as a single (the one called \"(When You Gonna) Give It Up to Me\", in order to differ from the album version) was a collaboration with Keyshia Cole and the song was a single from the Step Up film soundtrack. Despite The Trinity being re-released just before the single release, the version with Keyshia Cole did not make the album, despite a \"radio version\" being added.\n Links: a. Dancehall b. Dancehall c. Temperature (song) d. The Trinity (album)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}504{"query": "Question: What year did the cable network Gasparino worked for first go on air? Passage:Gasparino was previously a senior writer for Newsweek, where he covered politics, Wall Street, and corporate America, and among other stories broke the news of the controversial pay package of former New York Stock Exchange chairman Richard Grasso, former New York City Police Commissioner Bernard Kerik's controversial (and eventually withdrawn) nomination to run the US Department of Homeland Security, and the dispute surrounding former New York Attorney General (and eventual Governor) Eliot Spitzer's crackdown on corporate crime. Before working at Newsweek, Gasparino was a reporter for The Wall Street Journal. During his time at the WSJ he wrote extensively on issues on Wall Street, including pension funds, mutual funds and regulatory issues. He won the New York Press Club award for coverage of Wall Street research scandals. Gasparino then moved to cable business network CNBC where he reported extensively on Wall Street. During the financial crisis of 2008-2009, Gasparino played a major role in CNBC's coverage, breaking a number of stories, including the news that the U.S. Government was going to bail out insurer AIG, as well as news of the US government's broader bailout of the financial system, the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP).\n Links: a. CNBC b. New York Press Club c. New York Stock Exchange d. American International Group", "pos": "Question: Which network did La Canfora appear on more shows during the 2009 season? Passage:Jason La Canfora (born April 14, 1974) is an American sports writer and television analyst. He joined NFL Network and NFL.com before the 2009 season and served as an NFL insider and reporter until 2012. La Canfora appeared on NFL Total Access, NFL GameDay Morning, NFL GameDay Final, and Thursday Night Kickoff Presented by Sears. He also contributed stories and blogs to NFL.com. He replaced Adam Schefter, who left for ESPN. Before joining NFL Network, he worked ten years for The Washington Post and covered the Washington Redskins for six years. Prior to the Post, he was the Detroit Red Wings beat writer for the Detroit Free Press. On June 1, 2012, La Canfora announced via Twitter that he would be leaving NFL Network on July 1, 2012, after his contract expires for CBS Sports, replacing Charley Casserly on The NFL Today pregame show on Sundays. La Canfora currently resides in Baltimore, Maryland, with his wife Lauren and three children.\n Links: a. NFL Network b. Washington Redskins c. Baltimore d. The NFL Today", "neg": "Question: When was the news organization established that hired Frank in 1932? Passage:Gervasi, was born in 1908 in Baltimore, Maryland. He graduated with a B.A. from the University of Pennsylvania. After school, he worked as reporter for The Philadelphia Record and in 1932, he went to work for the Associated Press. In 1934, he worked as a foreign correspondent in Spain where he covered the Spanish Civil War after which he was named the Rome bureau chief for Hearst International before joining Collier's Weekly immediately prior to World War II. He covered the fall of the Netherlands, Belgium, and France to the Nazis and then moved to North Africa with the British Eighth Army and then with the American forces in Southern France. After the war, he worked as a correspondent for the Washington Post, as a syndicated columnist, and as the chief of information for the Marshall Plan in Italy from 1950 to 1954.\n Links: a. Hearst Communications b. Nazism c. Associated Press d. Netherlands", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}505{"query": "Question: Is the place where Ezio performed Beethoven's Ninth Symphony older than 100 years? Passage:Pinza sang once again under the baton of Toscanini in 1935, this time with the New York Philharmonic Orchestra, as the bass soloist in performances of Beethoven's Missa Solemnis. One of these performances was broadcast by CBS and preserved on transcription discs; this recording has been issued on LPs and CDs. He also sang in Toscanini's February 6, 1938, NBC Symphony Orchestra's broadcast performance of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony. These performances both took place in Carnegie Hall. In March 1942, Pinza was arrested at his home and unjustly detained 3 months on Ellis Island with hundreds of other Italian-Americans who were suspected of supporting the Axis. The incident was extremely traumatic for Pinza, and he suffered from severe depression for years afterward. In October 1947, he performed the role of Méphistophélès in Guonod's Faust opposite his daughter, soprano Claudia Pinza Bozzolla, as Marguerite at the San Francisco Opera.\n Links: a. Missa solemnis (Beethoven) b. NBC Symphony Orchestra c. Faust (opera) d. Carnegie Hall", "pos": "Question: What city is home to the library that deemed the film \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant?\" Passage:The Italian is a 1915 American silent film feature which tells the story of an Italian gondolier who comes to the United States to make his fortune but instead winds up working as a shoeshiner and experiencing tragedy while living with his wife and child in a tenement on New York's Lower East Side. The film was produced by Thomas H. Ince, directed by Reginald Barker, and co-written by C. Gardner Sullivan and Ince. The film stars stage actor George Beban in the title role as the Italian immigrant, Pietro \"Beppo\" Donnetti. In 1991, this film was deemed \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\" by the United States Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry.\n Links: a. United States b. Reginald Barker c. George Beban d. Library of Congress", "neg": "Question: Between the two Beethoven pieces Ezio has performed, which one is longer? Passage:Pinza sang once again under the baton of Toscanini in 1935, this time with the New York Philharmonic Orchestra, as the bass soloist in performances of Beethoven's Missa Solemnis. One of these performances was broadcast by CBS and preserved on transcription discs; this recording has been issued on LPs and CDs. He also sang in Toscanini's February 6, 1938, NBC Symphony Orchestra's broadcast performance of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony. These performances both took place in Carnegie Hall. In March 1942, Pinza was arrested at his home and unjustly detained 3 months on Ellis Island with hundreds of other Italian-Americans who were suspected of supporting the Axis. The incident was extremely traumatic for Pinza, and he suffered from severe depression for years afterward. In October 1947, he performed the role of Méphistophélès in Guonod's Faust opposite his daughter, soprano Claudia Pinza Bozzolla, as Marguerite at the San Francisco Opera.\n Links: a. Axis powers b. Symphony No. 9 (Beethoven) c. Carnegie Hall d. Axis powers", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}506{"query": "Question: What was the population of Austerlitz the  year that Darmagnac fought there? Passage:Jean Barthélemy Claude Toussaint Darmagnac (1 November 1766 – 12 December 1855) became a French division commander during the Napoleonic Wars. In 1791 he joined a volunteer battalion and soon became a captain. He fought with the 32nd Line Infantry Demi-Brigade against the Austrians in Italy. He participated in the French campaign in Egypt and Syria, being promoted to lead the regiment after distinguishing himself at the Battle of the Pyramids. He was badly wounded at Acre and promoted to general of brigade in 1801. Darmagnac fought at Austerlitz in 1805 and led the Paris guard in 1806–1807. Going to Spain, he was wounded at Medina de Rioseco and became a general of division in 1808. After serving as provincial governor, he assumed command of a combat division at Vitoria, the Pyrenees, the Bidassoa, the Nivelle, the Nive, Orthez, and Toulouse. After holding interior commands under the Bourbon Restoration he retired in 1831. His surname is one of the names inscribed under the Arc de Triomphe, on Column 36.\n Links: a. Battle of Vitoria b. Battle of Austerlitz c. Battle of the Nive d. Battle of Toulouse (1814)", "pos": "Question: How old was the man who took when he took command of the Army of the Eastern Pyrenees in 1794? Passage:In the first dismal months of fighting, the Army of the Eastern Pyrenees was beaten at Mas Deu and Bellegarde and forced back under the walls of Perpignan. Then the French repelled two Spanish attacks at Perpignan and Peyrestortes. Though the army was defeated again at Truillas and in other actions, the Spanish invaders withdrew to the Tech River in late 1793. Throughout the year the representatives on mission had enormous powers and used them to interfere with the military effort and to arrest officers that they deemed unpatriotic or unsuccessful. In 1794, the army's fortunes improved when Jacques François Dugommier took command. The army drove the Spanish army from France soil at Boulou and recaptured the Fort de Bellegarde and Collioure. After establishing itself on Spanish territory, the army won a decisive victory at the Battle of the Black Mountain in November during which Dugommier was killed. His replacement, Dominique Catherine de Pérignon soon captured the Sant Ferran fortress and the port of Roses. After these events the front became static and the last notable action was a Spanish victory at Bascara in June.\n Links: a. Battle of Truillas b. Jacques François Dugommier c. Jacques François Dugommier d. Catherine-Dominique de Pérignon", "neg": "Question: How long had the Napoleonic Wars been going on for when Darmagnac joined a volunteer battalion? Passage:Jean Barthélemy Claude Toussaint Darmagnac (1 November 1766 – 12 December 1855) became a French division commander during the Napoleonic Wars. In 1791 he joined a volunteer battalion and soon became a captain. He fought with the 32nd Line Infantry Demi-Brigade against the Austrians in Italy. He participated in the French campaign in Egypt and Syria, being promoted to lead the regiment after distinguishing himself at the Battle of the Pyramids. He was badly wounded at Acre and promoted to general of brigade in 1801. Darmagnac fought at Austerlitz in 1805 and led the Paris guard in 1806–1807. Going to Spain, he was wounded at Medina de Rioseco and became a general of division in 1808. After serving as provincial governor, he assumed command of a combat division at Vitoria, the Pyrenees, the Bidassoa, the Nivelle, the Nive, Orthez, and Toulouse. After holding interior commands under the Bourbon Restoration he retired in 1831. His surname is one of the names inscribed under the Arc de Triomphe, on Column 36.\n Links: a. Napoleonic Wars b. Siege of Acre (1799) c. Siege of Acre (1799) d. Battle of the Bidassoa", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}507{"query": "Question: When was the theatre that D C Jackson's first play premiered at built? Passage:Danielle Craig Jackson is a Scottish playwright, born in 1980. His first full-length play The Wall premiered at the Tron Theatre in Glasgow in 2008. It was produced by Borderline Theatre Company and was nominated for several awards including the Best New Play at the Critics' Awards for Theatre in Scotland and the Saltire Society Scottish First Book of the year. The sequel The Ducky was also produced by Borderline Theatre Company and toured in 2009. In 2010 he finished his Stewarton Trilogy with The Cooking lamb Brae. His play My Romantic History' (which starred Iain Robertson) won a Scotsman Fringe First at the 2010 Edinburgh Festival and sold out its run at the Bush Theatre London. He also took part in the Bush Theatre's 2011 project Sixty Six Books where he contributed a piece based upon a book of the King James Bible. In 2012 Jackson's play The Marriage of Figaro, an adaptation of the stage comedy by Beaumarchais and later opera by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was premiered at the Royal Lyceum Theatre, Edinburgh. In 2013 Jackson's play Threeway premiered at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe, Edinburgh. In 2014, another of Jackson's work Kill Johnny Glendenning received its premiere at the Lyceum before transferring to Glasgow's Citizens Theatre.\n Links: a. Tron Theatre b. The Marriage of Figaro (play) c. Citizens Theatre d. Edinburgh Festival Fringe", "pos": "Question: What year was the theatre that MacQueen-Pope was general manager of in 1927 built? Passage:MacQueen-Pope, always known by his initials or, familiarly, as \"Popie\", was the eldest son of Walter George Pope and Frederica MacQueen. He was educated privately and at Tollington School. He first worked in a shipping office but became connected with the theatre as private secretary to George Dance, the playwright, manager and theatrical philanthropist. He tried his hand as a playwright, with limited success: The Times was dismissive of his short play, The Punctual Sex, in 1919. Sir Alfred Butt appointed him business manager at the Queen's Theatre, and after holding similar posts at other West End theatres, and holding the post of manager and secretary of Alexandra Palace from 1922 to 1925, he was appointed general manager of the Duke of York's Theatre in 1927, and was put in charge of the new Whitehall Theatre before it opened in 1930. The Times said of his career, \"it was as press representative at the Palladium in 1925 that he began to develop his special talent for passing on to others ... his love and knowledge of the theatre generally and in particular of Drury Lane, of the Haymarket (Theatre of Perfection) and of the Gaiety (Theatre of Enchantment).\"\n Links: a. Duke of York's Theatre b. Duke of York's Theatre c. Gaiety Theatre, London d. Sondheim Theatre", "neg": "Question: What other plays did the company that produced \"The Wall\" produce? Passage:Danielle Craig Jackson is a Scottish playwright, born in 1980. His first full-length play The Wall premiered at the Tron Theatre in Glasgow in 2008. It was produced by Borderline Theatre Company and was nominated for several awards including the Best New Play at the Critics' Awards for Theatre in Scotland and the Saltire Society Scottish First Book of the year. The sequel The Ducky was also produced by Borderline Theatre Company and toured in 2009. In 2010 he finished his Stewarton Trilogy with The Cooking lamb Brae. His play My Romantic History' (which starred Iain Robertson) won a Scotsman Fringe First at the 2010 Edinburgh Festival and sold out its run at the Bush Theatre London. He also took part in the Bush Theatre's 2011 project Sixty Six Books where he contributed a piece based upon a book of the King James Bible. In 2012 Jackson's play The Marriage of Figaro, an adaptation of the stage comedy by Beaumarchais and later opera by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was premiered at the Royal Lyceum Theatre, Edinburgh. In 2013 Jackson's play Threeway premiered at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe, Edinburgh. In 2014, another of Jackson's work Kill Johnny Glendenning received its premiere at the Lyceum before transferring to Glasgow's Citizens Theatre.\n Links: a. Citizens Theatre b. Iain Robertson c. Borderline Theatre Company d. Edinburgh Festival Fringe", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}508{"query": "Question: In what country was a reworked and more successful West End production opened on July 1, 1998? Passage:Steinman provided lyrics for Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Whistle Down the Wind, which opened in Washington, D.C. in December 1996. However, it received poor reviews and the Broadway run, scheduled for the following April, was cancelled. A reworked and more successful West End production opened at the Aldwych Theatre on July 1, 1998. In addition to a full-length cast album for the London production, an album was released of well-known performers singing pop versions of the songs from the show. This album was produced by Steinman, as usual with Steven Rinkoff. Those performers include Tom Jones, Tina Arena, Boyzone, Elaine Paige, Donny Osmond, The Everly Brothers, Meat Loaf, Boy George, Sounds of Blackness, Bonnie Tyler, Michael Ball, and Lottie Mayor. One track, \"No Matter What\" performed by Boyzone, reached the peak position on the pop charts in many countries. The same track appeared on a Boyzone album and their greatest hits album. As of 2019, Boyzone's 1998 recording of \"No Matter What\" is the most recent new song or project written at least in part by Steinman, or to contain any new work of his at all, to achieve major, chart-topping success. The track \"Whistle Down the Wind\", performed by Tina Arena, from the same album, also had some chart success. There was also a single released in the U.K., for charity, of children from Red Hill Primary School and Sylvia Young Theatre School performing \"When Children Rule The World\". The singers were called the \"Red Hill Children\", and the single peaked at #40 on the U.K. singles charts.\n Links: a. Aldwych Theatre b. Aldwych Theatre c. Aldwych Theatre d. Broadway theatre", "pos": "Question: Who costarred with Lopez in her breakthrough performance? Passage:After a series of co-starring film roles, Lopez had her breakthrough when she was cast in the title role of Selena (1997), a biographical film about American singer-songwriter Selena Quintanilla-Pérez. Working on the film inspired her to launch a music career, with Lopez saying: \"I started my career in musical theater on stage. So doing the movie just reminded me of how much I missed singing, dancing, and the like...\" After filming Selena, Lopez was \"really feeling [her] Latin roots\" and recorded a demo record in Spanish. Her manager sent the song (\"Vivir Sin Ti\") to Sony Music Entertainment's Work Group, which was interested in signing Lopez. Tommy Mottola, the head of the label, suggested that she sing in English and she began recording her debut album, On the 6. Her decision to launch a musical career was seen as a risk, as film stars had a \"patchy record\" when it came to releasing pop music, and \"If the album was a flop, not only would it embarrass Lopez but it might even damage her career.\" Lopez originally believed that \"Feelin' So Good\" was to be released as the album's lead single. \"If You Had My Love\" was produced by Rodney Jerkins; Lopez recorded her vocals for the song at Sony Music Studios in New York City with engineers Franklyn Grant and Robb Williams. The song was later mixed by Tony Maserati at The Hit Factory in New York City, and subsequently mastered by Herb Powers at Powers House of Sound. Shawnyette Harrell and Jennifer Karr served as backing vocalists.\n Links: a. Selena (film) b. Sony Music Studios c. Sony Music d. The Hit Factory", "neg": "Question: Who is the mayor of the city where Whistle Down the Wind, opened in December 1996? Passage:Steinman provided lyrics for Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Whistle Down the Wind, which opened in Washington, D.C. in December 1996. However, it received poor reviews and the Broadway run, scheduled for the following April, was cancelled. A reworked and more successful West End production opened at the Aldwych Theatre on July 1, 1998. In addition to a full-length cast album for the London production, an album was released of well-known performers singing pop versions of the songs from the show. This album was produced by Steinman, as usual with Steven Rinkoff. Those performers include Tom Jones, Tina Arena, Boyzone, Elaine Paige, Donny Osmond, The Everly Brothers, Meat Loaf, Boy George, Sounds of Blackness, Bonnie Tyler, Michael Ball, and Lottie Mayor. One track, \"No Matter What\" performed by Boyzone, reached the peak position on the pop charts in many countries. The same track appeared on a Boyzone album and their greatest hits album. As of 2019, Boyzone's 1998 recording of \"No Matter What\" is the most recent new song or project written at least in part by Steinman, or to contain any new work of his at all, to achieve major, chart-topping success. The track \"Whistle Down the Wind\", performed by Tina Arena, from the same album, also had some chart success. There was also a single released in the U.K., for charity, of children from Red Hill Primary School and Sylvia Young Theatre School performing \"When Children Rule The World\". The singers were called the \"Red Hill Children\", and the single peaked at #40 on the U.K. singles charts.\n Links: a. Steven Rinkoff b. Washington, D.C. c. Washington, D.C. d. Tina Arena", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}509{"query": "Question: Who are the members of the group who collaborated with other singers multiple times for Bob Wills is Still the King? Passage:And in any case, people in Texas came to identify with the song. The work of the Austin-based group Asleep at the Wheel helped to keep popular knowledge of Wills going, and they collaborated with Clint Black on a new version of \"Bob Wills Is Still the King\" on a 1999 tribute album Ride With Bob. Another recording of the song by Asleep at the Wheel, this time in collaboration with Waylon's son Shooter Jennings together with Randy Rogers and Reckless Kelly, appeared on the 2015 effort . The song itself is collected on several Jennings live sets, compilations, and box sets, including RCA Country Legends (2001 compilation, includes studio version),  Live from Austin, TX (recorded 1989, released 2006), and Nashville Rebel (2006 box set including studio version). Perhaps the most unexpected appearance was a performance by The Rolling Stones in Austin in 2006 during their A Bigger Bang Tour. Their arrangement featuring Ronnie Wood playing pedal steel guitar was captured on their 2007 The Biggest Bang concert DVD release.\n Links: a. Reckless Kelly b. Asleep at the Wheel c. Asleep at the Wheel d. Randy Rogers Band", "pos": "Question: Which music did Hand Williams, Jr. release right before his work on Waylon and Company? Passage:Jennings had recorded several duet albums in the past, including three in five years with Willie Nelson and one with his wife Jessi Colter in 1982, but Waylon and Company was his first album of duets with a host of guest artists. The album is best remembered for \"The Conversation,\" a #4 hit with Hank Williams, Jr. that addresses the legacy of Hank Williams (the pair also shot a popular music video for the song). Waylon and Hank, Jr. also join an ailing Ernest Tubb on the defiant \"Leave Them Boys Alone.\" Emmylou Harris, Jerry Reed, Mel Tillis, Jessi Colter, and actor James Garner also make appearances, and Jennings sings one song with Tony Joe White. Bob McDill wrote the lone Jennings solo track, \"I May Be Used (But I Ain't Used Up),\" which peaked at #15. The album contains the #1 hit single \"Just to Satisfy You,\" a duet with Nelson which had actually been released in Black on Black LP two years earlier. The album peaked at #12 on the Billboard country albums chart. AllMusic deems the album \"Fun for what it is.\"\n Links: a. Jessi Colter b. Hank Williams Jr. c. James Garner d. Hank Williams Jr.", "neg": "Question: Of the three people Asleep at the Wheel collaborated with in 2015, what is the birth date of the oldest? Passage:And in any case, people in Texas came to identify with the song. The work of the Austin-based group Asleep at the Wheel helped to keep popular knowledge of Wills going, and they collaborated with Clint Black on a new version of \"Bob Wills Is Still the King\" on a 1999 tribute album Ride With Bob. Another recording of the song by Asleep at the Wheel, this time in collaboration with Waylon's son Shooter Jennings together with Randy Rogers and Reckless Kelly, appeared on the 2015 effort . The song itself is collected on several Jennings live sets, compilations, and box sets, including RCA Country Legends (2001 compilation, includes studio version),  Live from Austin, TX (recorded 1989, released 2006), and Nashville Rebel (2006 box set including studio version). Perhaps the most unexpected appearance was a performance by The Rolling Stones in Austin in 2006 during their A Bigger Bang Tour. Their arrangement featuring Ronnie Wood playing pedal steel guitar was captured on their 2007 The Biggest Bang concert DVD release.\n Links: a. Asleep at the Wheel b. Nashville Rebel (box set) c. Randy Rogers Band d. Nashville Rebel (box set)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}510{"query": "Question: Which historical figures did John Cranch paint for the British Institution? Passage:John Cranch (1751–1821), painter, born at Kingsbridge, Devonshire, 12 Oct. 1751, taught himself as a boy drawing, writing, and music, and while a clerk at Axminster also received instruction from a Roman Catholic priest. Inheriting some money, he came to London and painted portraits and historical pictures. He failed, however, to get a place on the walls of the Royal Academy, but was more successful at the Society of Artists, to which he contributed Burning of the Albion Mills, and at the British Institution, to which he contributed eight pictures in 1808. His best picture was The Death of Chatterton, now in the possession of Sir James Winter Lake, bart., who also owns a portrait of Cranch, which was engraved by John Thomas Smith. He is said to have excelled in \"poker-pictures\", and to have been befriended by Sir Joshua Reynolds. Reynolds in his youth had received valuable assistance from a Mr. and Mrs. Cranch of Plympton, Devonshire, who were doubtless relatives of John Cranch. He was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1797 and a member of the American Antiquarian Society in 1818. After residing many years at Bath, Cranch died there in his seventieth year in February 1821. He published two works—On the Economy of Testaments (1794), and Inducements to promote the Fine Arts of Great Britain by exciting Native Genius to independent Effort and original Design (1811). There is a picture by him in the South Kensington Museum.\n Links: a. History painting b. London c. Catholic Church d. Axminster", "pos": "Question: What city in Russia was Cozens born? Passage:The son of the Russian-born drawing master and watercolourist, Alexander Cozens, John Robert Cozens was born in London. He studied under his father and began to exhibit some early drawings with the Society of Artists in 1767. In 1776, he displayed a large oil painting at the Royal Academy in London. Between 1776 and 1779 he spent some time in Switzerland and Italy, where he drew Alpine and Italian views, and in 1779 he returned to London. In 1782 he made his second visit to Italy, accompanied by the author William Beckford, spending much time at Naples. In 1783 he returned to England. In 1789 he published a set of Delineations of the General Character ... of Forest Trees. He submitted his work to the Royal Academy but it was entirely rejected, being judged as \"not proper art\". At the age of 42, three years before he died, he suffered a nervous breakdown and was committed to the Bethlem Royal Hospital asylum. The chief physician there was Dr. Thomas Monro who, also being a keen art collector, recognised Cozens' brilliance and bought his collection. Cozens died in London.\n Links: a. Alexander Cozens b. Switzerland c. Naples d. Royal Academy of Arts", "neg": "Question: When was the school where Bricher studied in Boston founded? Passage:Bricher was born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. He was educated in an academy at Newburyport, Massachusetts. He began his career as a businessman in Boston, Massachusetts. When not working, he studied at the Lowell Institute. He also studied with Albert Bierstadt, William Morris Hunt, and others. He attained noteworthy skill in making landscape studies from nature, and after 1858 devoted himself to the art as a profession. He opened a studio in Boston, and met with some success there. In 1868 he moved to New York City, and at the National Academy of Design that year he exhibited “Mill-Stream at Newburyport.” Soon afterward he began to use watercolors in preference to oils, and in 1873 was chosen a member of the American Watercolor Society. In the 1870s, he primarily did maritime themed paintings, with attention to watercolor paintings of landscape, marine, and coastwise scenery. He often spent summers in Grand Manan, where he produced such notable works as Morning at Grand Manan (1878). In 1879, Bricher was elected into the National Academy of Design as an Associate member.\n Links: a. Oil painting b. American Watercolor Society c. Morning at Grand Manan d. Lowell Institute", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}511{"query": "Question: Who is the current mayor of the city located on the northern Great Plains that the Yellowstone River flow through? Passage:The river rises in northwestern Wyoming in the Absaroka Range, on the Continental Divide in southwestern Park County. The river starts where the North Fork and the South Fork of the Yellowstone River converge. The North Fork, the larger of the two forks, flows from Younts Peak. The South Fork flows from the southern slopes of Thorofare Mountain. The Yellowstone River flows northward through Yellowstone National Park, feeding and draining Yellowstone Lake, then dropping over the Upper and Lower Yellowstone Falls at the head of the Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone within the confines of the park. After passing through the Black Canyon of the Yellowstone downstream of the Grand Canyon, the river flows northward into Montana between the northern Absaroka Range and the Gallatin Range in Paradise Valley. The river emerges from the mountains near the town of Livingston, where it turns eastward and northeastward, flowing across the northern Great Plains past the city of Billings.\n Links: a. Gallatin Range b. Billings, Montana c. Yellowstone Falls d. Billings, Montana", "pos": "Question: How big is the National Park that the Yellowstone River flows northward through? Passage:The river rises in northwestern Wyoming in the Absaroka Range, on the Continental Divide in southwestern Park County. The river starts where the North Fork and the South Fork of the Yellowstone River converge. The North Fork, the larger of the two forks, flows from Younts Peak. The South Fork flows from the southern slopes of Thorofare Mountain. The Yellowstone River flows northward through Yellowstone National Park, feeding and draining Yellowstone Lake, then dropping over the Upper and Lower Yellowstone Falls at the head of the Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone within the confines of the park. After passing through the Black Canyon of the Yellowstone downstream of the Grand Canyon, the river flows northward into Montana between the northern Absaroka Range and the Gallatin Range in Paradise Valley. The river emerges from the mountains near the town of Livingston, where it turns eastward and northeastward, flowing across the northern Great Plains past the city of Billings.\n Links: a. Continental Divide of the Americas b. Yellowstone National Park c. Continental Divide of the Americas d. Continental Divide of the Americas", "neg": "Question: What is the volume of the lake that the Yellowstone River feed and drain? Passage:The river rises in northwestern Wyoming in the Absaroka Range, on the Continental Divide in southwestern Park County. The river starts where the North Fork and the South Fork of the Yellowstone River converge. The North Fork, the larger of the two forks, flows from Younts Peak. The South Fork flows from the southern slopes of Thorofare Mountain. The Yellowstone River flows northward through Yellowstone National Park, feeding and draining Yellowstone Lake, then dropping over the Upper and Lower Yellowstone Falls at the head of the Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone within the confines of the park. After passing through the Black Canyon of the Yellowstone downstream of the Grand Canyon, the river flows northward into Montana between the northern Absaroka Range and the Gallatin Range in Paradise Valley. The river emerges from the mountains near the town of Livingston, where it turns eastward and northeastward, flowing across the northern Great Plains past the city of Billings.\n Links: a. Yellowstone Lake b. Absaroka Range c. Yellowstone Falls d. Livingston, Montana", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}512{"query": "Question: Which of the adult magazines are still being published? Passage:There has likely been interest in nude images of celebrities for as long as artistic nude imagery and pornography has existed. One of the more famous examples is Playboy's inaugural December 1953 issue that featured photos of Marilyn Monroe from a 1949 photo session as its first Playmate of the Month. The commercialization, promotion, and organized supply of nude celebrity images can be traced to another men's magazine, High Society, and the efforts of its first female Editor, Gloria Leonard. This began as a feature that showcased risqué photos of celebrities like Jodie Foster and Goldie Hawn, usually lifted from film stills, and became a spin-off venture of High Society called Celebrity Skin magazine in 1986. Over its twenty-five year run Margot Kidder, Ann-Margret and Barbra Streisand unsuccessfully attempted to sue the magazine after it published nude photos of them. Yet another magazine earned additional notoriety for its publication of nude photographs of models who at the time were not celebrities, but later attained fame. Penthouse magazine published nude photos in its September 1984 issue of a young adult film actress, Traci Lords (later found to be underage at the time), and Vanessa Williams, then-Miss America, that caused her to be stripped of her crown.\n Links: a. Celebrity Skin (magazine) b. Playboy c. Ann-Margret d. Gloria Leonard", "pos": "Question: How long did the magazine that Resnick posed for publish issues? Passage:Resnick joined the series after appearing previously is season two as a friend of Kyle Richards. Richards and Resnick have worked together and known each other for a long time with Resnick helping design Kyle and her nieces, Paris and Nicky Hilton's homes. Prior to meeting Kyle, Resnick was born in North Carolina, where she began her career as a model. Resnick moved to San Francisco, where she opened and ran her own modelling agency. In Los Angeles, Resnick had gained a lot of notoriety during the murder trial of her friend Nicole Brown Simpson who allegedly had been murdered by her ex-husband O. J. Simpson. During the trial Resnick had a memoir published, Nicole Brown Simpson: The Private Diary of a Life Interrupted. With her new found fame, she then later went on to pose for Playboy. In Later years, Resnick had always been inspired by Europe and went on to get married in London and give birth to her daughter, Sophia. Resnick soon owned many homes across Europe and the United States and moved back to the U.S with a new sense of creativity and eye for design. Resnick stuck with her passion for design and has since designed many projects, including Fendi Casa LA, Color at Caesars Palace, Amp Salon at The Palms Hotel, and Dash Retail Boutique. Resnick has also designed homes for many celebrities, such as Avril Lavigne, Kevin Connolly, Vanessa and Nick Lachey, and Ike Bakrie’s international residence in Indonesia. \n Links: a. Dash (boutique) b. Playboy c. Kevin Connolly (actor) d. San Francisco", "neg": "Question: Was the first Playmate of the Month married when she posed for Playboy? Passage:There has likely been interest in nude images of celebrities for as long as artistic nude imagery and pornography has existed. One of the more famous examples is Playboy's inaugural December 1953 issue that featured photos of Marilyn Monroe from a 1949 photo session as its first Playmate of the Month. The commercialization, promotion, and organized supply of nude celebrity images can be traced to another men's magazine, High Society, and the efforts of its first female Editor, Gloria Leonard. This began as a feature that showcased risqué photos of celebrities like Jodie Foster and Goldie Hawn, usually lifted from film stills, and became a spin-off venture of High Society called Celebrity Skin magazine in 1986. Over its twenty-five year run Margot Kidder, Ann-Margret and Barbra Streisand unsuccessfully attempted to sue the magazine after it published nude photos of them. Yet another magazine earned additional notoriety for its publication of nude photographs of models who at the time were not celebrities, but later attained fame. Penthouse magazine published nude photos in its September 1984 issue of a young adult film actress, Traci Lords (later found to be underage at the time), and Vanessa Williams, then-Miss America, that caused her to be stripped of her crown.\n Links: a. Playboy b. Traci Lords c. High Society (magazine) d. Marilyn Monroe", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}513{"query": "Question: In what state was Michael a member of a concert cast in 2008? Passage:After an early career as a child actor, as a young adult Michael underwent a string of TV work, theatre shows and singing engagements, before getting his higher education BFA degree attending The Conservatory of Theatre Arts program at Webster University in St. Louis, MO. While in college, he went on to be the standby for the legendary Ben Vereen on the international tour of Fosse from 2003 to 2004. He then joined the 1st National US tour of Mamma Mia! from 2004 to 2005. In 2005, he made his Broadway debut in 2005 in the musical All Shook Up. He appeared off-Broadway opposite Donna McKechnie in Here's to the Public. In 2006, after a short stint in Disney's Tarzan on Broadway, he reprised his Mamma Mia! role of Eddie in the Broadway production. In 2007, he was in the original Broadway company for Boublil and Schönberg's new musical The Pirate Queen. In 2008, he was a part of the concert cast of  at Carnegie Hall and very shortly afterwards went on to originate Barry Nelson in the Las Vegas production of Jersey Boys. He returned to Broadway in 2009 in a revival of Hair, continuing on to the West End production the following year, for which he was also associate choreographer. At the end of that year, he returned to Broadway in the original cast of , until it closed in 2011. He then played Dr. Gostwana in the original Broadway company of The Book of Mormon. During his time in Book of Mormon, he took a short break to play Donkey in Shrek the Musical at the prestigious MUNY of St. Louis before finally leaving Mormon in 2013. He joined the original Broadway company of Disney's Aladdin musical as the Genie standby. In 2015, he left to originate the Minstrel in Something Rotten! on Broadway.\n Links: a. Shrek The Musical b. Aladdin (2011 musical) c. Aladdin (2011 musical) d. Carnegie Hall", "pos": "Question: What role did Michael James Scott play while touring from 2004 to 2005? Passage:After an early career as a child actor, as a young adult Michael underwent a string of TV work, theatre shows and singing engagements, before getting his higher education BFA degree attending The Conservatory of Theatre Arts program at Webster University in St. Louis, MO. While in college, he went on to be the standby for the legendary Ben Vereen on the international tour of Fosse from 2003 to 2004. He then joined the 1st National US tour of Mamma Mia! from 2004 to 2005. In 2005, he made his Broadway debut in 2005 in the musical All Shook Up. He appeared off-Broadway opposite Donna McKechnie in Here's to the Public. In 2006, after a short stint in Disney's Tarzan on Broadway, he reprised his Mamma Mia! role of Eddie in the Broadway production. In 2007, he was in the original Broadway company for Boublil and Schönberg's new musical The Pirate Queen. In 2008, he was a part of the concert cast of  at Carnegie Hall and very shortly afterwards went on to originate Barry Nelson in the Las Vegas production of Jersey Boys. He returned to Broadway in 2009 in a revival of Hair, continuing on to the West End production the following year, for which he was also associate choreographer. At the end of that year, he returned to Broadway in the original cast of , until it closed in 2011. He then played Dr. Gostwana in the original Broadway company of The Book of Mormon. During his time in Book of Mormon, he took a short break to play Donkey in Shrek the Musical at the prestigious MUNY of St. Louis before finally leaving Mormon in 2013. He joined the original Broadway company of Disney's Aladdin musical as the Genie standby. In 2015, he left to originate the Minstrel in Something Rotten! on Broadway.\n Links: a. Barry Nelson b. The Pirate Queen c. Hair (musical) d. Mamma Mia! (musical)", "neg": "Question: What was the name of the role that Michael James Scott played in Here's to the Public? Passage:After an early career as a child actor, as a young adult Michael underwent a string of TV work, theatre shows and singing engagements, before getting his higher education BFA degree attending The Conservatory of Theatre Arts program at Webster University in St. Louis, MO. While in college, he went on to be the standby for the legendary Ben Vereen on the international tour of Fosse from 2003 to 2004. He then joined the 1st National US tour of Mamma Mia! from 2004 to 2005. In 2005, he made his Broadway debut in 2005 in the musical All Shook Up. He appeared off-Broadway opposite Donna McKechnie in Here's to the Public. In 2006, after a short stint in Disney's Tarzan on Broadway, he reprised his Mamma Mia! role of Eddie in the Broadway production. In 2007, he was in the original Broadway company for Boublil and Schönberg's new musical The Pirate Queen. In 2008, he was a part of the concert cast of  at Carnegie Hall and very shortly afterwards went on to originate Barry Nelson in the Las Vegas production of Jersey Boys. He returned to Broadway in 2009 in a revival of Hair, continuing on to the West End production the following year, for which he was also associate choreographer. At the end of that year, he returned to Broadway in the original cast of , until it closed in 2011. He then played Dr. Gostwana in the original Broadway company of The Book of Mormon. During his time in Book of Mormon, he took a short break to play Donkey in Shrek the Musical at the prestigious MUNY of St. Louis before finally leaving Mormon in 2013. He joined the original Broadway company of Disney's Aladdin musical as the Genie standby. In 2015, he left to originate the Minstrel in Something Rotten! on Broadway.\n Links: a. Ben Vereen b. Jersey Boys c. Donna McKechnie d. St. Louis", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}514{"query": "Question: Which media outlet where Levin's work has appeared has been in business for the longest period of time? Passage:Levin holds several patents in chip design and GPS-based authentication, and has published over 50 scientific papers and policy articles. His work has appeared in Foreign Affairs, Foreign Policy, HuffPost, Politico.com, and the Obama White House website. \"How to Counter Fake News,\" an article Levin co-authored with former Governor of Maryland Martin O'Malley, was included in Foreign Affairs's \"The Best of 2017\" anthology. He has co-authored pieces on cybersecurity with retired General Wesley Clark, and with cybersecurity expert Dan E. Geer Jr.. He also wrote an article with former Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Michèle Flournoy that encourages the Federal Government to embrace practices that protect data and personal identity from the inside out. He recently collaborated with General H. Hugh Shelton and Stephen Ondra on a report that urges the Department of Defense to choose an open source electronic health record when reforming the Military Health System.\n Links: a. Foreign Policy b. Politico c. Foreign Affairs d. Martin O'Malley", "pos": "Question: Which printed publication Bowles worked for has the largest readership? Passage:Nellie Bowles is an American journalist noted for covering the technology world of Silicon Valley. She worked as a journalist for the Argentinian English-language daily the Buenos Aires Herald, the San Francisco Chronicle, The California Sunday Magazine, the technology journalism website Recode, the British daily The Guardian beginning in 2016, then for Vice News. Since 2017 she has been covering technology for the New York Times in the San Francisco Bay Area. She covers the technology and business world of hi-tech startups and venture capital, and she has written about personalities such as Elon Musk, Eric Schmidt, and iHeartMedia CEO Bob Pittman. She covered the exclusive conference of technology CEOs called Further Future, and has written about subjects such as doxxing and cryptocurrencies. She appeared twice on the Charlie Rose nationally broadcast television interview show. Her reporting is often controversial; for example, her account of her interview with Jordan Peterson attracted much attention. She has moderated televised discussions on the subject of free speech in the digital age, and she has written about gender equality in the tech world.\n Links: a. The Guardian b. San Francisco Chronicle c. Buenos Aires Herald d. San Francisco Chronicle", "neg": "Question: Who is the person that usually appoints someone such as Levin's co-author of an article that encourages the Federal Government to embrace practices that protect data to their former position with the US Defense Department? Passage:Levin holds several patents in chip design and GPS-based authentication, and has published over 50 scientific papers and policy articles. His work has appeared in Foreign Affairs, Foreign Policy, HuffPost, Politico.com, and the Obama White House website. \"How to Counter Fake News,\" an article Levin co-authored with former Governor of Maryland Martin O'Malley, was included in Foreign Affairs's \"The Best of 2017\" anthology. He has co-authored pieces on cybersecurity with retired General Wesley Clark, and with cybersecurity expert Dan E. Geer Jr.. He also wrote an article with former Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Michèle Flournoy that encourages the Federal Government to embrace practices that protect data and personal identity from the inside out. He recently collaborated with General H. Hugh Shelton and Stephen Ondra on a report that urges the Department of Defense to choose an open source electronic health record when reforming the Military Health System.\n Links: a. Wesley Clark b. Under Secretary of Defense for Policy c. Barack Obama d. Under Secretary of Defense for Policy", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}515{"query": "Question: How old was the conqueror of Thanjavur in 1764? Passage:Thanjavur was successfully conquered in 1674 by Ekoji I (1675–84), the Maratha feudatory of the sultan of Bijapur and half-brother of Shivaji (1627/30-80) of the Bhonsle dynasty. Ekoji founded the Thanjavur Maratha kingdom which ruled Thanjavur till 1855. The Marathas exercised their sovereignty over Thanjavur throughout the last quarter of the 17th and the whole of the 18th century. The Maratha rulers patronized Carnatic music. In 1787, Amar Singh, the regent of Thanjavur, deposed the minor Raja, his nephew Serfoji II (1787–93) and captured the throne. Serfoji II was restored in 1799 with the assistance of the British, who induced him to relinquish the administration of the kingdom and left him in charge of Thanjavur fort and surrounding areas. The kingdom was eventually absorbed into British India in 1855 by the Doctrine of Lapse when Shivaji II (1832–55), the last Thanjavur Maratha ruler, died without a legitimate male heir. The British referred to the city as Tanjore in their records. Five years after its annexation, the British replaced Negapatam (modern-day Nagapattinam) with Thanjavur as the seat of the district administration. Under the British, Thanjavur emerged as an important regional centre. The 1871 India census recorded a population of 52,171, making Thanjavur the third largest city in the Madras Presidency. After India's independence, Thanjavur continued as the district headquarters.\n Links: a. Shivaji b. Ekoji I c. Doctrine of lapse d. Shivaji II", "pos": "Question: How old was Khalji when he conquered Guada? Passage:Gauda was once the \"capital of the ancient bhukti or political division of Bengal known as Pundravardhana which lay on the eastern extremity of the Gupta Empire.\" During the rule of the Sena Dynasty, in the 11th-12th century, Gauda was rebuilt and extended as Lakshmanawati (later Lakhnauti), and it became the hub of the Sena empire. Gauda was conquered by Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khalji in 1205. During the Turko-Afghan period, \"the city of Lakhnauti or Gauda continued to function initially as their capital but was abandoned in 1342 by the Ilyas Shahi sultans in favour of Pandua because of major disturbances along the river course of the Ganga.\" \"Pandua then lay on the banks of the Mahananda, which was the major waterway of the sultanate at the time. However, when the Mahananda too began to veer away from the site of Pandua in the mid-15th century, Gauda was rebuilt and restored to the status of capital city by the Hussain Shahi sultans\"... With the ascent of Akbar to the Mughal throne at Delhi... the Mughals annexed the ancient region of Gauda in 1576 and created the Diwani of Bengal. The centre of regional power shifted across the Ganga to Rajmahal. Following the demise of the independent sultanate, the regional importance of the Gauda or Malda region declined irreversibly and the city of Gauda was eventually abandoned.\n Links: a. Gupta Empire b. Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khalji c. Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khalji d. Mughal Empire", "neg": "Question: Which group ruled the longest? Passage:In the decline and fall of the Mughal supremacy and the rise of the Sikh power this district saw its most stirring scenes. Some of the Sikh Gurus have been closely associated with the district. Guru Nanak, born in 1469 in the Lahore district, married in 1485 with Sulkhani, daughter of Mool Chand, a Khatri of Pakhoke (Dera Baba Nanak) in the Batala Tehsil. There is still a wall known as Jhoolana Mahal which swings in Gurdaspur. The Sikh Guru Hargobind refounded Sri Hargobindpur which had been formerly known by the name of Rahila. Banda Singh Bahadur, the disciple of Guru Gobind Singh used this district as a base to raid the country up to Lahore, the emperor Bahadur Shah conducted an expedition against him in 1711 but with only temporary effect. Banda Bahadar fought his last battle with the Mughal at Gurdas Nangal in the district and was captured. The history of the district then degenerates into an account of their struggles with the rival Ramgarhia Misl and Kanhaiya Misls for supremacy in this part of the Doab, the power of the former was broken in 1808 and of the latter in 1811.\n Links: a. Mughal Empire b. Kanhaiya Misl c. Bahadur Shah I d. Sikh gurus", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}516{"query": "Question: Whose critique was published first, Janet Maslins or Roger Eberts? Passage:Critic Janet Maslin, writing in The New York Times, said of director Kasdan, \"he creates the film's most satisfying moments by communicating his own sheer enjoyment in revitalizing scenes and images that are so well-loved.\" Impressed, she exclaimed, \"Silverado is a sweeping, glorious-looking western that's at least a full generation removed from the classic films it brings to mind.\" Roger Ebert in the Chicago Sun-Times called it \"sophisticated\" while remarking, \"This is a story, you will agree, that has been told before. What distinguishes Kasdan's telling of it is the style and energy he brings to the project.\" In the San Francisco Chronicle, Peter Stack wrote that the film \"delivers elaborate gun-fighting scenes, legions of galloping horses, stampeding cattle, a box canyon, covered wagons, tons of creaking leather and even a High Noonish duel.\" He openly mused, \"How it manages to run the gamut of cowboy movie elements without getting smart-alecky is intriguing.\" In a mixed review, Gene Siskel of the Chicago Tribune, said the film was \"a completely successful physical attempt at reviving the western, but its script would need a complete rewrite for it to become more than just a small step in a full-scale western revival.\" Another ambivalent review came from Jay Carr of The Boston Globe. He noted that Silverado \"plays like a big-budget regurgitation of old Westerns. What keeps it going is the generosity that flows between Kasdan and his actors. It's got benevolent energies, but not the more primal kind needed to renew the standard Western images and archetypes.\" In an entirely negative critique, film critic Jay Scott of The Globe and Mail said the all too familiar \"manipulative Star Wars-style score is the only novelty on tap in Silverado, which has a plot too drearily complicated and arid to summarize\". Left equally unimpressed was Dave Kehr of the Chicago Reader. Commenting on director Kasdan's style, he said his \"considerable skills as a plot carpenter seem to desert him as soon as the story moves to the town of the title.\" As far as the supporting cast was concerned, he dryly noted, \"none of them assumes enough authority to carry the moral and dramatic center of the film.\" Giving Silverado 4 out of 5 stars, author Ian Freer of Empire, thought the film was the \"kind of picture that makes you want to play cowboys the moment it is over.\" He exclaimed, \"Whereas many of the westerns from the ‘70s try a revisionist take on the genre, Silverado offers a wholehearted embracing of western traditions.\"\n Links: a. The Boston Globe b. Janet Maslin c. Janet Maslin d. Janet Maslin", "pos": "Question: Was the critic who described the film as \"kind of sweet\" born in the same country as the man who praised Tomei's performance? Passage:Film critic Roger Ebert wrote that the film was \"kind of sweet and kind of goofy, and works because its heart is in the right place\". Hal Hinson of The Washington Post said that the film \"is hopelessly syrupy, preposterous and more than a little bit lame, but, still, somehow it got to me\". Vincent Canby of The New York Times, said that the film \"is to the mind what freshly discarded chewing gum is to the sole of a shoe: an irritant that slows movement without any real danger of stopping it\". Entertainment Weekly gave the film a \"B−\" rating and Owen Gleiberman praised Tomei's performance: \"With her flashing dark eyes and libidinous overbite, Tomei is adorable — she looks like a flirtatious bunny rabbit — but what's astonishing is the range of expression that passes over those delectable features\". Rolling Stone magazine's Peter Travers wrote, \"The Rain Man-Dying Young elements in Tom Sierchio's script are pitfalls that Slater dodges with a wonderfully appealing performance. His love scenes with the dazzling Tomei have an uncommon delicacy\". In his review for The New Yorker, Anthony Lane praised Tomei for bringing \"startling high spirits to a dullish role. She snatches moments of happiness out of the air and shares them out to anyone who’s around\". Mike Clark, in his review for USA Today, wrote, \"Director Tony Bill (My Bodyguard) is adept both in the yarn's meticulous buildup and in his handling of the actors\".\n Links: a. Peter Travers b. Roger Ebert c. Roger Ebert d. The Washington Post", "neg": "Question: Were the two films that Travers references directed by the same person? Passage:Film critic Roger Ebert wrote that the film was \"kind of sweet and kind of goofy, and works because its heart is in the right place\". Hal Hinson of The Washington Post said that the film \"is hopelessly syrupy, preposterous and more than a little bit lame, but, still, somehow it got to me\". Vincent Canby of The New York Times, said that the film \"is to the mind what freshly discarded chewing gum is to the sole of a shoe: an irritant that slows movement without any real danger of stopping it\". Entertainment Weekly gave the film a \"B−\" rating and Owen Gleiberman praised Tomei's performance: \"With her flashing dark eyes and libidinous overbite, Tomei is adorable — she looks like a flirtatious bunny rabbit — but what's astonishing is the range of expression that passes over those delectable features\". Rolling Stone magazine's Peter Travers wrote, \"The Rain Man-Dying Young elements in Tom Sierchio's script are pitfalls that Slater dodges with a wonderfully appealing performance. His love scenes with the dazzling Tomei have an uncommon delicacy\". In his review for The New Yorker, Anthony Lane praised Tomei for bringing \"startling high spirits to a dullish role. She snatches moments of happiness out of the air and shares them out to anyone who’s around\". Mike Clark, in his review for USA Today, wrote, \"Director Tony Bill (My Bodyguard) is adept both in the yarn's meticulous buildup and in his handling of the actors\".\n Links: a. The New York Times b. Anthony Lane c. Rolling Stone d. Rain Man", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}517{"query": "Question: How many members strong was the Prague Philharmonia when Walker conducted it in 2005? Passage:In 2000/01 Walker conducted the English Touring Opera's production of the Magic Flute, and on 27 November 2004 the Chelsea Opera Group (UK) in Glinka's A Life for the Tsar at the Queen Elizabeth Hall. In November 2005 he conducted the Prague Philharmonia, and in the winter season 2005/6 Walker conducted three performances of The Nutcracker for the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, and Swan Lake in 2009 for the Finnish National Ballet. On 4 July 2010 he conducted the BBC Philharmonic Orchestra, and in 2011 a concert with the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra. He appeared at the Oundle International Festival in 2011 where he conducted the premiere of Prophet and Loss by Julian Grant. In October 2011 he conducted a Gershwin Gala with the Russian Philharmonic. In 2012 Walker conducted the English Chamber Orchestra. and a production of the Nutcracker at the Norwegian National Opera and Ballet. On 19 April 2015 he conducted the New Russia State Symphony Orchestra. In 2017 he was awarded the Elgar Medal by the Elgar Society for championing the composer's music internationally in countries including Belarus, Russia, Poland, Turkey and Romania.\n Links: a. Queen Elizabeth Hall b. George Gershwin c. Prague Philharmonia d. Prague Philharmonia", "pos": "Question: Where was the Elgar Society based the year it award Clark the Elgar Medal? Passage:In 2000/01 Walker conducted the English Touring Opera's production of the Magic Flute, and on 27 November 2004 the Chelsea Opera Group (UK) in Glinka's A Life for the Tsar at the Queen Elizabeth Hall. In November 2005 he conducted the Prague Philharmonia, and in the winter season 2005/6 Walker conducted three performances of The Nutcracker for the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, and Swan Lake in 2009 for the Finnish National Ballet. On 4 July 2010 he conducted the BBC Philharmonic Orchestra, and in 2011 a concert with the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra. He appeared at the Oundle International Festival in 2011 where he conducted the premiere of Prophet and Loss by Julian Grant. In October 2011 he conducted a Gershwin Gala with the Russian Philharmonic. In 2012 Walker conducted the English Chamber Orchestra. and a production of the Nutcracker at the Norwegian National Opera and Ballet. On 19 April 2015 he conducted the New Russia State Symphony Orchestra. In 2017 he was awarded the Elgar Medal by the Elgar Society for championing the composer's music internationally in countries including Belarus, Russia, Poland, Turkey and Romania.\n Links: a. Julian Grant b. Prague Philharmonia c. Elgar Society d. Elgar Society", "neg": "Question: When was the venue created that Walker was a resident artist of? Passage:In 1963-1964 Walker was a resident artist at the Oldenburgisches Staatstheater. He then became a resident artist at the Cologne Opera from 1964-1966. Other contracts soon followed with such companies as the Cincinnati Opera, the Houston Grand Opera, the Lyric Opera of Kansas City, the Miami Opera, and the New Orleans Opera among others. In 1971 he created the role of Jonathan Gilourin in the world premiere of Dominick Argento’s Colonel Jonathan the Saint at the Denver Lyric Opera. In 1974 he was handpicked by Sir Georg Solti to sing the role of the Evangelist in Bach's St Matthew Passion with the Chicago Symphony Orchestra (CSO). He returned twice more for performances with Solti and the CSO for performances of the Shepherd in Stravinsky's Oedipus Rex (1976) and Beethoven's Missa Solemnis (1977); the latter of which was recorded for London Records.\n Links: a. Oldenburgisches Staatstheater b. New Orleans Opera c. New Orleans Opera d. Oedipus rex (opera)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}518{"query": "Question: Who won the award for which Walia was nominated in 2014? Passage:Walia began her career with television commercials. Thereafter Walia played in Life OK television's drama series Main Lakshmi Tere Aangan Ki, in it she played the role of Jiyana. Later, Walia was cast in Life OK's another drama series Ringa Ringa Roses, she played the daughter of Samir Soni's character. In 2014, Walia played the female lead in Bharat Ka Veer Putra – Maharana Pratap, in which she played the role of young Maharani Ajabde Punwar, the first wife of Maharana Pratap. She received Favourate Child Artist — Female at the 2015 Lions Gold Awards. She was nominated for the Best Child Actor - Female in 13th Indian Telly Awards 2014. In December 2014, Walia featured in the third season of Keylight Productions' youth crime drama series . The show aired on Channel V India, in which she played the role of Aarohi. Walia portrayed the lead character in Zee television's Yeh Vaada Raha, where she was played the role of Survi, She is playing the lead role of \"Tara Mane\" in  Tara From Satara on Sony TV as of August 2019.\n Links: a. Indian Telly Award for Best Child Artiste - Female b. Life OK c. Channel V India d. Bharat Ka Veer Putra – Maharana Pratap", "pos": "Question: Who else starred in the show that Aileen was given the Best Supporting Actress award for? Passage:She has been nominated multiple times in the Best Actress category at the annual Star Awards. She was nominated for the \"Best Actress\" award in 1995, 1996, 1997, 2001, 2002 and 2003; she won the award once in 2001 for her role in Three Women and a Half, playing a manager in an advertising company who would make use of her looks and charms to climb up the corporate ladder. Tan took a break from television in 2005. In 2006, she appeared in two Singapore dramas, Women of Times and Measure of Man, the latter drama clinching the runner-up position in 2006's television viewership ratings. Tan also ventured into English dramas. In 2000, she played Mae in MediaCorp Channel 5's longest-running drama series, Growing Up. Later in 2009, she played Suzanne Kong, the wife of a tycoon in the 40-episode drama Red Thread. In 2013, Tan won the \"Best Actress in a Supporting Role\" award at the 18th Asian Television Awards (ATA) for her role in The Day It Rained On Our Parade which consisted only four episodes. On 29 May 2015, it was announced that Tan will play the lead role in Jack Neo's film, Long Long Time Ago alongside Mark Lee and Wang Lei. At Star Awards 2017, Tan received the Best Supporting Actress for the drama Hero (2016 TV series) , she announced in a speech that this would be the last time, she would go on stage to receive this award. In Star Awards 2018 , she landed her 4th nomination for Best Supporting Actress for the drama, Have a Little Faith.\n Links: a. Hero (2016 TV series) b. Measure of Man c. Hero (2016 TV series) d. Women of Times", "neg": "Question: When was the network which aired  the third season of Keylight Productions' youth crime drama series founded?  Passage:Walia began her career with television commercials. Thereafter Walia played in Life OK television's drama series Main Lakshmi Tere Aangan Ki, in it she played the role of Jiyana. Later, Walia was cast in Life OK's another drama series Ringa Ringa Roses, she played the daughter of Samir Soni's character. In 2014, Walia played the female lead in Bharat Ka Veer Putra – Maharana Pratap, in which she played the role of young Maharani Ajabde Punwar, the first wife of Maharana Pratap. She received Favourate Child Artist — Female at the 2015 Lions Gold Awards. She was nominated for the Best Child Actor - Female in 13th Indian Telly Awards 2014. In December 2014, Walia featured in the third season of Keylight Productions' youth crime drama series . The show aired on Channel V India, in which she played the role of Aarohi. Walia portrayed the lead character in Zee television's Yeh Vaada Raha, where she was played the role of Survi, She is playing the lead role of \"Tara Mane\" in  Tara From Satara on Sony TV as of August 2019.\n Links: a. Lions Gold Awards b. Channel V India c. Tara From Satara d. Bharat Ka Veer Putra – Maharana Pratap", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}519{"query": "Question: How old was the town or city in which Longaretti had his first personal exhibition? Passage:Upon completion of his degree studies at Brera in early 1939, he was drafted by the Italian military for service in World War II. He was deployed to Slovenia, and later to Sicily and Albania, and when his tours of duty were complete, he would participate in art exhibitions. He continued to paint during his service, even when on the front lines, committing to canvas images of \"dramatic testimonials\" considered prohibited, such as Albanian villages razed by Italian troops. At the end of the war, he also began working on frescoes, glass art, and mosaic art. In 1942, he exhibited works at the Venice Biennale and at the Mostra degli artisti in armi (\"Artists in arms\") exhibit at the Palazzo delle Esposizioni in Rome, where he presented three watercolours and seven pen drawings, all having a war theme. By this time, he was a sergeant for the Genio Ferrovieri. His first personal exhibition occurred in 1943 and was presented by Raffaello Giolli at the Galleria La Rotonda in Bergamo. He dedicated himself to teaching and the creation of works of sacred art in 1945. He would exhibit at the Venice Biennale again in 1948, 1950, 1956, and 2011, and was invited to exhibit at the Rome Quadriennale in 1952.\n Links: a. Bergamo b. Fresco c. Fresco d. MOSAIC", "pos": "Question: How many artists, including Longaretti, were invited to exchibit at the 1952 event? Passage:Upon completion of his degree studies at Brera in early 1939, he was drafted by the Italian military for service in World War II. He was deployed to Slovenia, and later to Sicily and Albania, and when his tours of duty were complete, he would participate in art exhibitions. He continued to paint during his service, even when on the front lines, committing to canvas images of \"dramatic testimonials\" considered prohibited, such as Albanian villages razed by Italian troops. At the end of the war, he also began working on frescoes, glass art, and mosaic art. In 1942, he exhibited works at the Venice Biennale and at the Mostra degli artisti in armi (\"Artists in arms\") exhibit at the Palazzo delle Esposizioni in Rome, where he presented three watercolours and seven pen drawings, all having a war theme. By this time, he was a sergeant for the Genio Ferrovieri. His first personal exhibition occurred in 1943 and was presented by Raffaello Giolli at the Galleria La Rotonda in Bergamo. He dedicated himself to teaching and the creation of works of sacred art in 1945. He would exhibit at the Venice Biennale again in 1948, 1950, 1956, and 2011, and was invited to exhibit at the Rome Quadriennale in 1952.\n Links: a. Rome Quadriennale b. Italian Armed Forces c. Bergamo d. MOSAIC", "neg": "Question: Of the venues in which Longaretti exhibited his works in 1942, which was the newest? Passage:Upon completion of his degree studies at Brera in early 1939, he was drafted by the Italian military for service in World War II. He was deployed to Slovenia, and later to Sicily and Albania, and when his tours of duty were complete, he would participate in art exhibitions. He continued to paint during his service, even when on the front lines, committing to canvas images of \"dramatic testimonials\" considered prohibited, such as Albanian villages razed by Italian troops. At the end of the war, he also began working on frescoes, glass art, and mosaic art. In 1942, he exhibited works at the Venice Biennale and at the Mostra degli artisti in armi (\"Artists in arms\") exhibit at the Palazzo delle Esposizioni in Rome, where he presented three watercolours and seven pen drawings, all having a war theme. By this time, he was a sergeant for the Genio Ferrovieri. His first personal exhibition occurred in 1943 and was presented by Raffaello Giolli at the Galleria La Rotonda in Bergamo. He dedicated himself to teaching and the creation of works of sacred art in 1945. He would exhibit at the Venice Biennale again in 1948, 1950, 1956, and 2011, and was invited to exhibit at the Rome Quadriennale in 1952.\n Links: a. Religious art b. Palazzo delle Esposizioni c. World War II d. Venice Biennale", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}520{"query": "Question: How old was Rush's replacement who gave the team a top 10 at Nazareth? Passage:In 1995, Bill France, Jr. announced the official formation of the NASCAR SuperTruck Series by Craftsman. With Hornaday already signed to drive Dale Earnhardt Incorporated's No. 16 truck, the Spears family turned back to Bill Sedgwick, who would debut their white No. 75 Spears Manufacturing Chevrolet at PIR for the Copper World Classic. Sedgwick would finish 12th in the first ever truck race. Spears proved its competitiveness by winning the pole at Mesa Marin Speedway. Spears Motorsports's first season in the trucks netted them 1 pole, 6 top 5s, and 13 top 10s for a seventh-place points finish. Sedgwick left for Darrell Waltrip Motorsports in 1996, and Spears brought on driver Bobby Gill, who was a consistent top 20 finisher but released after Louisville despite gaining four top tens. Gill was replaced by Busch Series driver Nathan Buttke, who had 7 top 10 starts, but only 3 top 10 finishes and 7 DNF's. Buttke was released for Dan Press who also struggled and had 4 DNF's. Press was soon replaced by another West Series driver, Kevin Harvick, who had made two previous starts in the No. 79 Chevrolet at Tucson and Louisville, finishing in the top 20. Harvick would struggle with only an average season of mid pack finishes but garnered two 8th-place finishes. Harvick ran the full 1998 season except for Nashville, where Lonnie Rush Jr. drove the No. 75 truck but crashed. Despite three consecutive DNF's at the beginning of the year, Harvick and team rallied back to finish 17th in points, with 3 top 5s and 5 top 10s. Harvick would leave Spears for Jim Herrick's team in 1999, and was replaced by Rush, who struggled and was replaced by Marty Houston, who gave the team a top 10 at Nazareth. Houston returned in 2000, scoring 1 top 5 and 10 top 10s to finish 12th in points. His success raised the eyebrows of Armando Fitz, who got him into his Busch Series car for 2001. Another future USAR driver, Billy Bigley, took the reins of the No. 75, resulting in 1 top 5 and 8 top 10s for a 13th-place points finish.\n Links: a. Lucas Oil 150 b. Billy Bigley c. Marty Houston d. Lucas Oil 150", "pos": "Question: How old was Raul Boesel the year that Team Green became known as the Brahma Sports Team? Passage:In 1994, Green joined his brother Barry's Team Green as team manager, and competed in the 1994 CART IndyCar World Series with driver Jacques Villeneuve, eventually winning both the 1995 Indianapolis 500 and the CART PPG IndyCar World Series Cup that same year. In 1996 Team Green became known as the Brahma Sports Team for a season, with driver Raul Boesel. In 1997 KOOL cigarettes took over as a major sponsor with Parker Johnstone, and the team was renamed Team KOOL Green, before expanding to a two-car effort in 1998 with Paul Tracy and rising youngster Dario Franchitti. In 2001, Michael Andretti joined the team in a separate effort headed by Kim Green, known as Team Motorola. In July 2002, Andretti purchased a controlling stake in the team which became Andretti Green Racing. Shortly thereafter the team moved to the IRL IndyCar Series where it won league championships in 2004, 2005 and 2007 and the Indianapolis 500 in 2005 and 2007. Green and fellow co-owner Kevin Savoree left AGR in September 2009 to run Green Savoree Racing Promotions, an auto race promotion company. Currently, GSRP promote Indycar Series races in St. Petersburg, Florida and Toronto, Ontario, Canada. On March 2, 2011 Green Savoree purchased the Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course and will promote races at that site as well.\n Links: a. Champ Car b. Parker Johnstone c. Raul Boesel d. Dario Franchitti", "neg": "Question: Did the driver who replaced Sacks in 1989 ever win the NASCAR Cup Series? Passage:In 1987, he signed on to drive the No. 50 Pontiac for the Dingman Brothers, where he struggled with qualifying for each race. Three-quarters of the way through 1988, Sacks left the team to drive for Buddy Baker's team, the No. 88 Oldsmobile. Despite posting two top ten finishes in the first ten races of the 1989 season, Sacks was replaced by rookie Jimmy Spencer. Sacks was unemployed for a brief period, then joined on with Tom Winkle's No. 48 Pontiac for most of the season, joining with Hendrick Motorsports for the Autoworks 500 at Phoenix International Raceway as part of the driving team gathering in-race footage for the \"Days of Thunder\" movie.\n Links: a. 1989 NASCAR Winston Cup Series b. Jimmy Spencer c. Oldsmobile d. 1989 NASCAR Winston Cup Series", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}521{"query": "Question: How far away is Smith's hometown from the state in which he got his Master of Science degree? Passage:Smith was born April 30, 1945, in Beaufort, North Carolina. He graduated from East Carteret High School in 1963, and went on to receive a Bachelor of Science degree in Naval Science from the United States Naval Academy in 1967. He subsequently attended the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School at Monterey, California, from which he graduated with a Master of Science degree in Aeronautical Engineering in 1968. He completed naval aviation jet training at Naval Air Station Kingsville, Texas, receiving his aviator wings in May 1969. He was then assigned to the Advanced Jet Training Command (VT-21) where he served as an instructor from May 1969 to March 1971. During the 2-year period that followed, he flew A-6 Intruders and completed a tour in 1972 during the Vietnam War while assigned to Attack Squadron 52 (VA-52) aboard the aircraft carrier . During his deployment with VA-52, Smith took part in Operation Linebacker, the first continuous bombing effort conducted against North Vietnam since 1968.\n Links: a. Beaufort, North Carolina b. Monterey, California c. Grumman A-6 Intruder d. Naval Air Station Kingsville", "pos": "Question: What was the population of Beaufort, North Carolina the year that Michael J. Smith was born? Passage:Smith was born April 30, 1945, in Beaufort, North Carolina. He graduated from East Carteret High School in 1963, and went on to receive a Bachelor of Science degree in Naval Science from the United States Naval Academy in 1967. He subsequently attended the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School at Monterey, California, from which he graduated with a Master of Science degree in Aeronautical Engineering in 1968. He completed naval aviation jet training at Naval Air Station Kingsville, Texas, receiving his aviator wings in May 1969. He was then assigned to the Advanced Jet Training Command (VT-21) where he served as an instructor from May 1969 to March 1971. During the 2-year period that followed, he flew A-6 Intruders and completed a tour in 1972 during the Vietnam War while assigned to Attack Squadron 52 (VA-52) aboard the aircraft carrier . During his deployment with VA-52, Smith took part in Operation Linebacker, the first continuous bombing effort conducted against North Vietnam since 1968.\n Links: a. Beaufort, North Carolina b. VA-52 (U.S. Navy) c. Grumman A-6 Intruder d. Texas", "neg": "Question: How many students did the United States Naval Academy have enrolled the year Smith graduated with his BS degree? Passage:Smith was born April 30, 1945, in Beaufort, North Carolina. He graduated from East Carteret High School in 1963, and went on to receive a Bachelor of Science degree in Naval Science from the United States Naval Academy in 1967. He subsequently attended the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School at Monterey, California, from which he graduated with a Master of Science degree in Aeronautical Engineering in 1968. He completed naval aviation jet training at Naval Air Station Kingsville, Texas, receiving his aviator wings in May 1969. He was then assigned to the Advanced Jet Training Command (VT-21) where he served as an instructor from May 1969 to March 1971. During the 2-year period that followed, he flew A-6 Intruders and completed a tour in 1972 during the Vietnam War while assigned to Attack Squadron 52 (VA-52) aboard the aircraft carrier . During his deployment with VA-52, Smith took part in Operation Linebacker, the first continuous bombing effort conducted against North Vietnam since 1968.\n Links: a. Operation Linebacker b. Monterey, California c. United States Naval Academy d. Aircraft carrier", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}522{"query": "Question: What country was Metzger born in? Passage:Metzger was born to a Jewish family in Mainz on March 23, 1932, to a hardware store owner and a homemaker. Some of his relatives perished in the Holocaust. At the suggestion of his sisters, Metzger's father moved to the United States in 1937, followed by his wife and sons in January 1938. Henry Metzger attended the Bronx High School of Science, as did his brother, then earned a bachelor's degree from the University of Rochester in 1953, followed by a medical degree at the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in 1957. Metzger completed his residency at Columbia Presbyterian Hospital, and joined the Public Health Service in 1959, through which he began working at the National Institutes of Health. After two years of post-doctoral study with Seymour Jonathan Singer, funded partly by the Helen Hay Whitney Fellowship, Metzger returned to the National Institutes of Health, working primarily in the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases.\n Links: a. Mainz b. Helen Hay Whitney Foundation c. NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital d. National Institutes of Health", "pos": "Question: In which state did the Penzias family settle after they fled Nazi Germany? Passage:Penzias was born in Munich, Germany, the son of Justine (née Eisenreich) and Karl Penzias, who ran a leather business. His grandparents had come to Munich from Poland and were among the leaders of the Reichenbach Strasse Shul. At age six, he and his brother Gunther were among the Jewish children evacuated to Britain as part of the Kindertransport rescue operation. Some time later, his parents also fled Nazi Germany for the U.S., and the family settled in the Garment District of New York City in 1940. In 1946, Penzias became a naturalized citizen of the United States. He graduated from Brooklyn Technical High School in 1951 and after enrolling to study chemistry at the City College of New York, he changed majors and graduated 1954 with a degree in physics, ranked near the top of his class.\n Links: a. New York City b. Brooklyn Technical High School c. History of the Jews in Germany d. United States", "neg": "Question: Is the hospital Metzger completed his residency at in the same city where he earned his medical degree? Passage:Metzger was born to a Jewish family in Mainz on March 23, 1932, to a hardware store owner and a homemaker. Some of his relatives perished in the Holocaust. At the suggestion of his sisters, Metzger's father moved to the United States in 1937, followed by his wife and sons in January 1938. Henry Metzger attended the Bronx High School of Science, as did his brother, then earned a bachelor's degree from the University of Rochester in 1953, followed by a medical degree at the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in 1957. Metzger completed his residency at Columbia Presbyterian Hospital, and joined the Public Health Service in 1959, through which he began working at the National Institutes of Health. After two years of post-doctoral study with Seymour Jonathan Singer, funded partly by the Helen Hay Whitney Fellowship, Metzger returned to the National Institutes of Health, working primarily in the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases.\n Links: a. University of Rochester b. University of Rochester c. University of Rochester d. Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}523{"query": "Question: Is Gerard Butler still alive? Passage:Mackinnon began her acting career in 1988, appearing in the Australian feature film Something About Love. Two further features followed, Dating the Enemy and Dust of the Wings, where she appeared in small roles, although her role in Dust of the Wing was a larger part. In 1997, she began to appear on television. She had a guest appearance on the fantasy television series , a sequel to the original series Spellbinder. Mackinnon is known for her role in the Baywatch spin-off series Baywatch: Hawaii, where she played the role of 'Allie Reese' opposite David Hasselhoff. She appeared as a regular during the show's first season. MacKinnon is best known for her role as 'Stevie Hall' (later 'Hall-Ryan') in the Logie Award-winning Australian television series McLeod's Daughters, where she appeared at the end of season three through the final season in 2009. Her role as Stevie earned her several Logie Award nominations, for Most Popular New Female Talent and Most Popular Actress. In 2007 & 2009, she received Gold Logie Award nominations. Mackinnon's other television work includes roles on Water Rats, All Saints, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's The Lost World, The Cut, , Cops L.A.C. and City Homicide. In 2001, she appeared with Powers Boothe in the television mini-series Attila, which also featured Gerard Butler, and in 2003, she starred in the Syfy television film Deep Shock. Mackinnon also played roles in three direct-to-video films, Python, Dark Waters and Submission, for which she also served as producer.\n Links: a. Gerard Butler b. Syfy c. McLeod's Daughters (season 8) d. Attila (miniseries)", "pos": "Question: How old was the actor who portrayed Zelenka when he was nominated for a Leo Award? Passage:Dr. Radek Zelenka is a fictional character of a scientist in the television series Stargate Atlantis, portrayed by David Nykl. He is a member of the original expedition from Earth to the Ancient city of Atlantis in the Pegasus galaxy, which he joined after turning down a job at Masaryk University in his home country Czech Republic. His expertise on Ancient technology is only surpassed by Dr. Rodney McKay, with whom he shares a friendly rivalry. Zelenka's planned one-time appearance in the season 1 episode \"Thirty-Eight Minutes\" was followed by a recurring role for expository scenes with McKay and the leader of the expedition. Zelenka has since appeared in approximately half of each season's episodes and also appeared in the crossover episode \"The Pegasus Project\" of Stargate SG-1. The series finale of Atlantis, \"Enemy at the Gate\", marks his last appearance. For his portrayal of Radek Zelenka, David Nykl was nominated for a 2005 Leo Award in the category \"Dramatic Series: Best Supporting Performance by a Male\".\n Links: a. Leo Awards b. Leo Awards c. Stargate SG-1 (season 10) d. Stargate Atlantis", "neg": "Question: When did Dating the Enemy come out? Passage:Mackinnon began her acting career in 1988, appearing in the Australian feature film Something About Love. Two further features followed, Dating the Enemy and Dust of the Wings, where she appeared in small roles, although her role in Dust of the Wing was a larger part. In 1997, she began to appear on television. She had a guest appearance on the fantasy television series , a sequel to the original series Spellbinder. Mackinnon is known for her role in the Baywatch spin-off series Baywatch: Hawaii, where she played the role of 'Allie Reese' opposite David Hasselhoff. She appeared as a regular during the show's first season. MacKinnon is best known for her role as 'Stevie Hall' (later 'Hall-Ryan') in the Logie Award-winning Australian television series McLeod's Daughters, where she appeared at the end of season three through the final season in 2009. Her role as Stevie earned her several Logie Award nominations, for Most Popular New Female Talent and Most Popular Actress. In 2007 & 2009, she received Gold Logie Award nominations. Mackinnon's other television work includes roles on Water Rats, All Saints, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's The Lost World, The Cut, , Cops L.A.C. and City Homicide. In 2001, she appeared with Powers Boothe in the television mini-series Attila, which also featured Gerard Butler, and in 2003, she starred in the Syfy television film Deep Shock. Mackinnon also played roles in three direct-to-video films, Python, Dark Waters and Submission, for which she also served as producer.\n Links: a. Cops L.A.C. b. Cops L.A.C. c. List of McLeod's Daughters characters d. Dating the Enemy", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}524{"query": "Question: Which of Kuroda's contemporaries had more championships, Hosaka or Tanaka? Passage:Kuroda began his professional wrestling career in January 1993, when he was trained by Pro Wrestling Crusaders (PWC) at their dojo and made his debut on March 18, 1993 against Hideki Hosaka. PWC closed after a few months and Kuroda resumed his training at the Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling (FMW) dojo. He made his FMW debut as a fan favorite with Masato Tanaka by losing to Dark Ranger and Masaru Toi in a tag team match on October 15. Kuroda remained in the low card for many years in the company and was usually utilized in opening matches on the card and served as a enhancement talent against higher level opponents, winning against only lesser known talent. He was often paired with fellow newcomer Tanaka in mid-card matches during the early years of his career and often wrestled Tanaka, Koji Nakagawa and Gosaku Goshogawara. Kuroda's first main event match took place on November 26, 1994, when he teamed with Atsushi Onita, Katsutoshi Niiyama and Masato Tanaka to defeat Mr. Pogo, The Gladiator, Hideki Hosaka and Hisakatsu Oya in a no ropes barbed wire street fight deathmatch. Kuroda would team with Onita, Niiyama and Tanaka in several street fights during late 1994 and early 1995. In the summer of 1995, Kuroda was entered into the Young Spirit Tournament, a round robin tournament consisting of rising rookies of the company. He would lose all of his matches in the tournament against W*ING Kanemura, Hideki Hosaka, Koji Nakagawa and Hido, while wrestling Masato Tanaka to a double knockout to gain one point in the tournament.\n Links: a. Hideki Hosaka b. Card (sports) c. Face (professional wrestling) d. Kouhiro Kanemura", "pos": "Question: How old was Hosaka when Kuroda made his PWC debut against him? Passage:Kuroda began his professional wrestling career in January 1993, when he was trained by Pro Wrestling Crusaders (PWC) at their dojo and made his debut on March 18, 1993 against Hideki Hosaka. PWC closed after a few months and Kuroda resumed his training at the Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling (FMW) dojo. He made his FMW debut as a fan favorite with Masato Tanaka by losing to Dark Ranger and Masaru Toi in a tag team match on October 15. Kuroda remained in the low card for many years in the company and was usually utilized in opening matches on the card and served as a enhancement talent against higher level opponents, winning against only lesser known talent. He was often paired with fellow newcomer Tanaka in mid-card matches during the early years of his career and often wrestled Tanaka, Koji Nakagawa and Gosaku Goshogawara. Kuroda's first main event match took place on November 26, 1994, when he teamed with Atsushi Onita, Katsutoshi Niiyama and Masato Tanaka to defeat Mr. Pogo, The Gladiator, Hideki Hosaka and Hisakatsu Oya in a no ropes barbed wire street fight deathmatch. Kuroda would team with Onita, Niiyama and Tanaka in several street fights during late 1994 and early 1995. In the summer of 1995, Kuroda was entered into the Young Spirit Tournament, a round robin tournament consisting of rising rookies of the company. He would lose all of his matches in the tournament against W*ING Kanemura, Hideki Hosaka, Koji Nakagawa and Hido, while wrestling Masato Tanaka to a double knockout to gain one point in the tournament.\n Links: a. Hideki Hosaka b. Professional wrestling match types c. Hideki Hosaka d. Professional wrestling match types", "neg": "Question: How long had the Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling dojo been open when Kuroda made his debut? Passage:Kuroda began his professional wrestling career in January 1993, when he was trained by Pro Wrestling Crusaders (PWC) at their dojo and made his debut on March 18, 1993 against Hideki Hosaka. PWC closed after a few months and Kuroda resumed his training at the Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling (FMW) dojo. He made his FMW debut as a fan favorite with Masato Tanaka by losing to Dark Ranger and Masaru Toi in a tag team match on October 15. Kuroda remained in the low card for many years in the company and was usually utilized in opening matches on the card and served as a enhancement talent against higher level opponents, winning against only lesser known talent. He was often paired with fellow newcomer Tanaka in mid-card matches during the early years of his career and often wrestled Tanaka, Koji Nakagawa and Gosaku Goshogawara. Kuroda's first main event match took place on November 26, 1994, when he teamed with Atsushi Onita, Katsutoshi Niiyama and Masato Tanaka to defeat Mr. Pogo, The Gladiator, Hideki Hosaka and Hisakatsu Oya in a no ropes barbed wire street fight deathmatch. Kuroda would team with Onita, Niiyama and Tanaka in several street fights during late 1994 and early 1995. In the summer of 1995, Kuroda was entered into the Young Spirit Tournament, a round robin tournament consisting of rising rookies of the company. He would lose all of his matches in the tournament against W*ING Kanemura, Hideki Hosaka, Koji Nakagawa and Hido, while wrestling Masato Tanaka to a double knockout to gain one point in the tournament.\n Links: a. Card (sports) b. Hideki Hosaka c. Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling d. Hido (wrestler)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}525{"query": "Question: Comparing Ptacek's country of origin to the country to which he moved at age five, which has the lowest longitude? Passage:Ptacek was born in East Berlin to a family of Czech and German descent. His family fled East Germany for the United States when he was five years old. They eventually settled in Chicago, where young Ptacek was first exposed to blues music. He moved to Tucson in the early 1970s, where he began his own musical career, most often solo, but sometimes he plugged in and led a trio as Rainer & Das Combo. He co-founded Giant Sandworms with Howe Gelb in the late 1970s. When the band decided to move to New York and became Giant Sand, Ptacek opted to stay in Tucson to make sure that he would not disrupt his then-new family. Although he never became well known in the United States, he became more and more recognized in Europe. ZZ Top guitarist Billy Gibbons was so impressed with the singer-guitarist that he arranged to have Kurt Loder review Ptacek's \"Mush Mind Blues\" cassette in Rolling Stone. Ptacek later traveled to Houston at the invitation of Billy Gibbons to record at Gibbons' Gold Star Sound Services studio which saw release as \"The Texas Tapes\" meeting international attention and approval. Robert Plant, similarly impressed, flew Ptacek to England for the sessions for B-sides to supplement the singles from Fate of Nations.\n Links: a. East Germany b. ZZ Top c. East Germany d. United States", "pos": "Question: When was the birthplace of Ptacek founded? Passage:Ptacek was born in East Berlin to a family of Czech and German descent. His family fled East Germany for the United States when he was five years old. They eventually settled in Chicago, where young Ptacek was first exposed to blues music. He moved to Tucson in the early 1970s, where he began his own musical career, most often solo, but sometimes he plugged in and led a trio as Rainer & Das Combo. He co-founded Giant Sandworms with Howe Gelb in the late 1970s. When the band decided to move to New York and became Giant Sand, Ptacek opted to stay in Tucson to make sure that he would not disrupt his then-new family. Although he never became well known in the United States, he became more and more recognized in Europe. ZZ Top guitarist Billy Gibbons was so impressed with the singer-guitarist that he arranged to have Kurt Loder review Ptacek's \"Mush Mind Blues\" cassette in Rolling Stone. Ptacek later traveled to Houston at the invitation of Billy Gibbons to record at Gibbons' Gold Star Sound Services studio which saw release as \"The Texas Tapes\" meeting international attention and approval. Robert Plant, similarly impressed, flew Ptacek to England for the sessions for B-sides to supplement the singles from Fate of Nations.\n Links: a. East Berlin b. Howe Gelb c. Giant Sand d. United States", "neg": "Question: Comparing the city in which Ptacek was born with the US city to which his family settled in, which city is larger in size? Passage:Ptacek was born in East Berlin to a family of Czech and German descent. His family fled East Germany for the United States when he was five years old. They eventually settled in Chicago, where young Ptacek was first exposed to blues music. He moved to Tucson in the early 1970s, where he began his own musical career, most often solo, but sometimes he plugged in and led a trio as Rainer & Das Combo. He co-founded Giant Sandworms with Howe Gelb in the late 1970s. When the band decided to move to New York and became Giant Sand, Ptacek opted to stay in Tucson to make sure that he would not disrupt his then-new family. Although he never became well known in the United States, he became more and more recognized in Europe. ZZ Top guitarist Billy Gibbons was so impressed with the singer-guitarist that he arranged to have Kurt Loder review Ptacek's \"Mush Mind Blues\" cassette in Rolling Stone. Ptacek later traveled to Houston at the invitation of Billy Gibbons to record at Gibbons' Gold Star Sound Services studio which saw release as \"The Texas Tapes\" meeting international attention and approval. Robert Plant, similarly impressed, flew Ptacek to England for the sessions for B-sides to supplement the singles from Fate of Nations.\n Links: a. Rolling Stone b. East Berlin c. Howe Gelb d. Chicago", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}526{"query": "Question: What college did Lawson teach at? Passage:The northern segment of the fault runs from Hollister, through the Santa Cruz Mountains, epicenter of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, then up the San Francisco Peninsula, where it was first identified by Professor Lawson in 1895, then offshore at Daly City near Mussel Rock. This is the approximate location of the epicenter of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. The fault returns onshore at Bolinas Lagoon just north of Stinson Beach in Marin County. It returns underwater through the linear trough of Tomales Bay which separates the Point Reyes Peninsula from the mainland, runs just east of Bodega Head through Bodega Bay and back underwater, returning onshore at Fort Ross. (In this region around the San Francisco Bay Area several significant \"sister faults\" run more-or-less parallel, and each of these can create significantly destructive earthquakes.) From Fort Ross, the northern segment continues overland, forming in part a linear valley through which the Gualala River flows. It goes back offshore at Point Arena. After that, it runs underwater along the coast until it nears Cape Mendocino, where it begins to bend to the west, terminating at the Mendocino Triple Junction.\n Links: a. Andrew Lawson b. Tomales Bay c. Stinson Beach, California d. Tomales Bay", "pos": "Question: How long had Notre Dame been in existence on the year that Sean Reardon got his B.A. in liberal arts? Passage:Sean Reardon earned a B.A. in liberal arts from the University of Notre Dame in 1986, after which he taught for four years at Red Cloud Indian School (South Dakota) and Moorestown Friends School (New Jersey) before returning to Notre Dame and obtaining a M.A. in peace studies in 1991. After his M.A., Reardon pursued his education at the Harvard Graduate School of Education, from which he obtained an M.Ed. and an Ed.D. in educational administration, planning and social from in 1992 and 1997. Following his graduation, Reardon first briefly worked as a postdoctoral researcher at Harvard's Children Initiative on the evaluation of programmes for children (1998-99) and then became an assistant professor of education and sociology at Pennsylvania State University, before moving to Stanford University in 2004. At Stanford, Reardon was promoted from associate professor to full professor in 2012 and has been the Endowed Professor of Poverty and Inequality in Education since 2014. Additionally, he serves at Stanford as Director of the Stanford Interdisciplinary Doctoral Training Program in Quantitative Education Policy Analysis and as a senior fellow of the Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research. Reardon was elected to the National Academy of Education in 2014 and sits on the Board of Directors of the Society for Research on Educational Effectiveness. Reardon performs or has performed editorial duties for many academic reviews in education, including Sociology of Education, Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, Journal of Economic Inequality, American Educational Research Journal, Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness, and Educational Researcher.\n Links: a. University of Notre Dame b. Bachelor of Arts c. American Educational Research Journal d. Pennsylvania State University", "neg": "Question: What ocean is the San Francisco Pensinsula located? Passage:The northern segment of the fault runs from Hollister, through the Santa Cruz Mountains, epicenter of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, then up the San Francisco Peninsula, where it was first identified by Professor Lawson in 1895, then offshore at Daly City near Mussel Rock. This is the approximate location of the epicenter of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. The fault returns onshore at Bolinas Lagoon just north of Stinson Beach in Marin County. It returns underwater through the linear trough of Tomales Bay which separates the Point Reyes Peninsula from the mainland, runs just east of Bodega Head through Bodega Bay and back underwater, returning onshore at Fort Ross. (In this region around the San Francisco Bay Area several significant \"sister faults\" run more-or-less parallel, and each of these can create significantly destructive earthquakes.) From Fort Ross, the northern segment continues overland, forming in part a linear valley through which the Gualala River flows. It goes back offshore at Point Arena. After that, it runs underwater along the coast until it nears Cape Mendocino, where it begins to bend to the west, terminating at the Mendocino Triple Junction.\n Links: a. San Francisco Bay Area b. Point Arena, California c. Hollister, California d. San Francisco Peninsula", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}527{"query": "Question: What is the official mascot of the Mountain West football team that Ole Miss beat in 2015? Passage:Ole Miss's 2015 season began with easy victories over FCS foe UT-Martin and the Mountain West's Fresno State, and continued their momentum by defeating then-no.2 Alabama on the road, which would become the signature victory of the Rebels' 2015 campaign. Ole Miss then rose to no.3 in the AP Poll, and although they were heavy favorites in their next matchup against Vanderbilt, they struggled mightily, but ultimately emerged victorious. They Rebels maintained their no.3 ranking before getting blown out by Florida on the road and fell to no.14 before bouncing back against New Mexico State. The Rebels entered their next game with a #13 ranking against rival Memphis, in what was one of the most anticipated in the history of Memphis football. Ole Miss, despite being double digit favorites, lost by 13 points, causing them to fall 11 spots in the rankings to no.24. The Rebels followed with two wins against SEC West opponents Texas A&M and Auburn and climbed to no.18 in the rankings and controlled their own destiny the SEC West, but a heartbreaking loss to Arkansas the following week caused them to fall to second place in the SEC West and to fall out of the rankings for the first time since the 2013 season. However, Ole Miss finished the regular season with double digit wins over ranked SEC Rivals LSU and Mississippi State and rose to no.12 in the College Football Playoff poll, which earned them a Sugar Bowl berth for the first time since 1970, where they defeated no.16 Oklahoma State and ultimately finished ranked no.10 in the AP Poll, their first top-ten finish since 1969.\n Links: a. Fresno State Bulldogs football b. Florida Gators football c. Auburn Tigers football d. Florida Gators football", "pos": "Question: Is the head coach of the team that Ole Miss beat in the Sugar Bowl married? Passage:Ole Miss's 2015 season began with easy victories over FCS foe UT-Martin and the Mountain West's Fresno State, and continued their momentum by defeating then-no.2 Alabama on the road, which would become the signature victory of the Rebels' 2015 campaign. Ole Miss then rose to no.3 in the AP Poll, and although they were heavy favorites in their next matchup against Vanderbilt, they struggled mightily, but ultimately emerged victorious. They Rebels maintained their no.3 ranking before getting blown out by Florida on the road and fell to no.14 before bouncing back against New Mexico State. The Rebels entered their next game with a #13 ranking against rival Memphis, in what was one of the most anticipated in the history of Memphis football. Ole Miss, despite being double digit favorites, lost by 13 points, causing them to fall 11 spots in the rankings to no.24. The Rebels followed with two wins against SEC West opponents Texas A&M and Auburn and climbed to no.18 in the rankings and controlled their own destiny the SEC West, but a heartbreaking loss to Arkansas the following week caused them to fall to second place in the SEC West and to fall out of the rankings for the first time since the 2013 season. However, Ole Miss finished the regular season with double digit wins over ranked SEC Rivals LSU and Mississippi State and rose to no.12 in the College Football Playoff poll, which earned them a Sugar Bowl berth for the first time since 1970, where they defeated no.16 Oklahoma State and ultimately finished ranked no.10 in the AP Poll, their first top-ten finish since 1969.\n Links: a. Oklahoma State Cowboys football b. Alabama Crimson Tide football c. NCAA Division I d. New Mexico State Aggies football", "neg": "Question: What town is the team from that was ranked second when Ole Miss beat them in 2015? Passage:Ole Miss's 2015 season began with easy victories over FCS foe UT-Martin and the Mountain West's Fresno State, and continued their momentum by defeating then-no.2 Alabama on the road, which would become the signature victory of the Rebels' 2015 campaign. Ole Miss then rose to no.3 in the AP Poll, and although they were heavy favorites in their next matchup against Vanderbilt, they struggled mightily, but ultimately emerged victorious. They Rebels maintained their no.3 ranking before getting blown out by Florida on the road and fell to no.14 before bouncing back against New Mexico State. The Rebels entered their next game with a #13 ranking against rival Memphis, in what was one of the most anticipated in the history of Memphis football. Ole Miss, despite being double digit favorites, lost by 13 points, causing them to fall 11 spots in the rankings to no.24. The Rebels followed with two wins against SEC West opponents Texas A&M and Auburn and climbed to no.18 in the rankings and controlled their own destiny the SEC West, but a heartbreaking loss to Arkansas the following week caused them to fall to second place in the SEC West and to fall out of the rankings for the first time since the 2013 season. However, Ole Miss finished the regular season with double digit wins over ranked SEC Rivals LSU and Mississippi State and rose to no.12 in the College Football Playoff poll, which earned them a Sugar Bowl berth for the first time since 1970, where they defeated no.16 Oklahoma State and ultimately finished ranked no.10 in the AP Poll, their first top-ten finish since 1969.\n Links: a. Oklahoma State Cowboys football b. Alabama Crimson Tide football c. College Football Playoff d. LSU Tigers football", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}528{"query": "Question: Who has been playing baseball longer between the pitcher who struck out Ryan Ludwick and the catcher who threw out Cristian Guzmán? Passage:In the eighth inning, Miguel Tejada singled, and with one out attempted to steal second base. Catcher Dioner Navarro made a poor throw to get Tejada, and the ball ended up in center field, allowing Tejada to advance to third base on the error. Tejada scored on a sacrifice fly by Adrián González, and the NL retook the lead. In the bottom half of the inning, after Brian Wilson retired the first two batters, Billy Wagner gave up a single to Grady Sizemore. Sizemore proceeded to steal second base (one of a record six stolen bases by both sides), and pinch-hitter Evan Longoria hit a ground rule double to left field to tie the game once again. With Mariano Rivera in to pitch with one out in the ninth inning for the American League, Rivera struck out Ryan Ludwick and Navarro threw out Cristian Guzmán as he attempted to steal second, thus ending the inning. Ryan Dempster struck out the side in the bottom of the ninth to force the game into extra innings.\n Links: a. Mariano Rivera b. Cristian Guzmán c. Cristian Guzmán d. Ground rule double", "pos": "Question: Of the two players who hit home runs, which had the most career home runs? Passage:The Indians struck first off Marcus Stroman when Carlos Santana drew a leadoff walk in the first and scored on Mike Napoli's two out double, but their starter, Trevor Bauer had to leave the game in the bottom of the inning after allowing two walks and throwing 21 pitches due to a bloody pinkie finger as a result of being cut from a drone a few days earlier. Dan Otero in relief allowed a game-tying home run to Michael Saunders in the second. Napoli's home run in the fourth put the Indians back on top 2−1, but the Blue Jays tied it in the fifth off Zach McAllister when Ezequiel Carrera hit a leadoff triple and scored on Ryan Goins's groundout. Jason Kipnis's leadoff home run in the sixth gave the Indians a 3−2 lead. Stroman was taken out after walking Napoli with one out. Napoli moved to second on a wild pitch by reliever Joe Biagini and scored on José Ramírez's single to make it 4−2 Indians. Cody Allen and Andrew Miller combined to pitch three shutout innings, striking out five batters as the Indians took a 3–0 series lead.\n Links: a. Jason Kipnis b. Unmanned aerial vehicle c. Mike Napoli d. Carlos Santana (baseball)", "neg": "Question: Who has the most career home runs, the player who threw out Cuddyer or the player who tagged him? Passage:Both Blackburn and Danks held the game scoreless early on, allowing only six baserunners through the first four innings of the game. The Twins' Michael Cuddyer led off the top of the fifth with a double, the only Twins runner in scoring position for the entire game. Danks induced a deep flyball out from Delmon Young, which allowed Cuddyer to advance to third. Brendan Harris hit a deep flyball to center field which was caught for an out by Ken Griffey, Jr. Cuddyer tried to score on the ball as a sacrifice fly, but Griffey delivered an accurate throw to home plate and White Sox catcher A. J. Pierzynski blocked the plate and tagged out Cuddyer to end the inning. This play drew praise after the game as a \"nice throw\" and a \"defensive gem\".\n Links: a. Scoring position b. Baseball field c. Baseball field d. Ken Griffey Jr.", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}529{"query": "Question: What is the age difference between Salome Alexandra's two sons? Passage:There is some evidence from archaeology that further changes to the structure of the Temple and its surroundings were made during the Hasmonean rule. Salome Alexandra, the queen of Hasmonean Kingdom appointed her elder son Hyrcanus II as the high priest of Judaea. Her younger son Aristobulus II was determined to have the throne, and as soon as she died he seized the throne. Hyrcanus, who was in line to be the king, agreed to be contented with being the high priest. Antipater, the governor of Idumæa, encouraged Hyrcanus not to give up his throne. Eventually Hyrcanus fled to Aretas III, king of the Nabateans, and returned with an army to take back the throne. He defeated Aristobulus and besieged Jerusalem. The Roman general Pompey, who was in Syria fighting against the Armenians in the Third Mithridatic War, sent his lieutenant to investigate the conflict in Judaea. Both Hyrcanus and Aristobulus appealed to him for support. Pompey was not diligent in making a decision about this which caused Aristobulus to march off. He was pursued by Pompey and surrendered but his followers closed Jerusalem to Pompey's forces. The Romans besieged and took the city in 63 BCE. The priests continued with the religious practices inside the Temple during the siege. The temple was not looted or harmed by the Romans. Pompey himself, perhaps inadvertently, went into the Holy of Holies and the next day ordered the priests to repurify the Temple and resume the religious practices.\n Links: a. Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity) b. Aretas III c. Siege of Jerusalem (63 BC) d. Hyrcanus II", "pos": "Question: Who was older between Qvarqvare's father and his grand-uncle? Passage:Manuchar I Jaqeli () (1452 – died after 1518) was a Prince and Atabeg of Samtskhe-Saatabago from 1515 to 1518. He was a member of the Jaqeli family and youngest son of Qvarqvare II Jaqeli. After his older brother Mzetchabuk's abdication Manuchar started an uprising against his nephew Qvarqvare, the son of Kaikhosro I. Manuchar's revolt finished successfully and he ascended to the Meskhetian throne. During his brief reign Manuchar sent many gifts to the Ottoman sultan Selim I and claimed himself as an admier of Ottomans. In 1518 the new revolt started. Prince Qvarqvare with the help of Safavid troops attacked Samtskhe. Manuchar was overthrown and Qvarqvare became the new ruler of Meskheti. After this Manuchar asked his suzerain Sultan Selim for help. Sultan gave him the huge army. He had tried to restore himself as Atabeg, but was defeated by Qvarqvare's forces at the battle near Erzurum. Manuchar Jaqeli escaped to the Ottoman empire and lived there until his death. Nothing is known about his later life and descendants.\n Links: a. Qvarqvare III Jaqeli b. Atabeg c. House of Jaqeli d. Kaikhosro I Jaqeli", "neg": "Question: How long was the reign of the king to which Hyrcanus fled? Passage:There is some evidence from archaeology that further changes to the structure of the Temple and its surroundings were made during the Hasmonean rule. Salome Alexandra, the queen of Hasmonean Kingdom appointed her elder son Hyrcanus II as the high priest of Judaea. Her younger son Aristobulus II was determined to have the throne, and as soon as she died he seized the throne. Hyrcanus, who was in line to be the king, agreed to be contented with being the high priest. Antipater, the governor of Idumæa, encouraged Hyrcanus not to give up his throne. Eventually Hyrcanus fled to Aretas III, king of the Nabateans, and returned with an army to take back the throne. He defeated Aristobulus and besieged Jerusalem. The Roman general Pompey, who was in Syria fighting against the Armenians in the Third Mithridatic War, sent his lieutenant to investigate the conflict in Judaea. Both Hyrcanus and Aristobulus appealed to him for support. Pompey was not diligent in making a decision about this which caused Aristobulus to march off. He was pursued by Pompey and surrendered but his followers closed Jerusalem to Pompey's forces. The Romans besieged and took the city in 63 BCE. The priests continued with the religious practices inside the Temple during the siege. The temple was not looted or harmed by the Romans. Pompey himself, perhaps inadvertently, went into the Holy of Holies and the next day ordered the priests to repurify the Temple and resume the religious practices.\n Links: a. Hyrcanus II b. Aretas III c. Aretas III d. Ancient Rome", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}530{"query": "Question: Which team that the Texas A&M women's basketball team faced during the SEC Women's Tournament had the best regular season record? Passage:The 2016–17 Texas A&M Aggies women's basketball team represented Texas A&M University in the 2016–17 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The team's head coach was Gary Blair, who is in his fourteenth season at Texas A&M. The team plays their home games at the Reed Arena in College Station, Texas and will play in its fifth season as a member of the Southeastern Conference. They finished the season 22–12, 9–7 in SEC play to finish in sixth place. They defeated Florida and Missouri before losing to Mississippi State in the semifinals of the SEC Women's Tournament. They received an at-large bid to the NCAA Women's Basketball Tournament, where they defeated Penn in the first round after rallying from 21 points down, before losing to UCLA in the second round.\n Links: a. 2016–17 Florida Gators women's basketball team b. 2017 SEC Women's Basketball Tournament c. 2016–17 Missouri Tigers women's basketball team d. Southeastern Conference", "pos": "Question: Which state was the #8 seed school in the 2011 NCAA tournament from? Passage:The 2011 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament was the first time since the tournament expanded to 64 teams in 1985 that two mid-majors met in the Final Four. The Butler University Bulldogs returned for their second consecutive appearance after winning the Southeast Regional in New Orleans as a #8 seed. The Virginia Commonwealth University Rams of the Colonial Athletic Association advanced to their first Final Four appearance after winning the Southwest Regional in San Antonio as a #11 seed. VCU became the first team in history to win five games to reach the Final Four, winning the First Four round in its inaugural year. VCU tied LSU in 1986 and fellow CAA team, George Mason, in 2006 as the highest seed to reach the Final Four (#11). The previous time two mid-majors advanced to the same Final Four was the 1979 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament, when Indiana State of the Missouri Valley and Penn of the Ivy League qualified. Butler is no longer a mid-major due to its membership in the Big East since 2013. VCU has since joined the Atlantic 10, where it has consistently been among the top teams, even following the departure of coach Shaka Smart for Texas in 2015, and his successor, Will Wade, for LSU in 2017. \n Links: a. Butler University b. LSU Tigers basketball c. 2011 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament d. Penn Quakers men's basketball", "neg": "Question: Which team did Houston face in the finals of the AAC tournament the same year that they were regular season champions? Passage:On April 3, 2014, Houston hired Kelvin Sampson as the new Cougars head coach. Sampson had just become eligible to be a college coach again after receiving a five-year show cause penalty in 2008 for sanctions against him during his time as Indiana head coach. In 2014–15, Houston struggled again, finishing with a 13–19 record and 4–14 in the AAC. The 2015–16 team led a resurgence, finishing 22–10, 12–6, but lost in the AAC Tournament and in the first round of the NIT. In 2017–18, the Cougars compiled a 27–8 record, reaching the finals of the AAC Tournament and winning a game in the NCAA Tournament for the first time since 1984. In 2018–19, the Cougars' success continued as they set a program record for wins with a 33–4 mark. They were AAC regular-season champions but fell in the finals of the conference tournament. They proceeded to the NCAA Tournament, where they reached the Sweet Sixteen for the first time in 35 years.\n Links: a. 2016 National Invitation Tournament b. 2018–19 Houston Cougars men's basketball team c. 2019 American Athletic Conference Men's Basketball Tournament d. 2019 American Athletic Conference Men's Basketball Tournament", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}531{"query": "Question: Who was the owner of GM Daewoo when they annouced an updated Veritas? Passage:In 2008, Holden recommenced Caprice exports to South Korea as the Daewoo Veritas after showcasing a pre-production Daewoo L4X in 2007. Compared to the Australian-specification model, the Veritas is V6-powered only and has a modified rear floorpan to accommodate the electrically adjustable rear seats incorporating a massage function. The head restraints are also electrically adjustable, with the Caprice's dual headrest-mounted LCD screens orphaned in favour of a single, ceiling-mounted unit. GM Daewoo announced an updated Veritas on 31 March 2009 to take effect from 1 April. The update, which was yet to be seen in other markets, comprised a revised powertrain combination, featuring a new direct injection version of the 3.6-litre Alloytec engine. This new engine results in a power increase from to together with more torque and a reduced fuel consumption figure. These efficiency improvements have been enough to satisfy the government of South Korea's \"Korea Ultra-Low Emission Vehicle\" (KULEV) requirements. In place of the five-speed automatic transmission previously, these revised models ship with a six-speed GM 6L50 unit, featuring Active Select.\n Links: a. Power seat b. Liquid-crystal display c. GM Korea d. GM High Feature engine", "pos": "Question: Did Seungri's car accident in Shanghai happen before or after he left Big Bang? Passage:There have been a number of car accidents involving Korean idols being followed by sasaeng fans. In 2011, two members of the band Super Junior were caught in a six-car collision after being chased by eight fan vehicles in Singapore. The band members, Leeteuk and Heechul, were unharmed, but Heechul later tweeted that he still suffered after-effects from the accident and was often afraid to drive. In 2013, Seungri, formerly of the band Big Bang, suffered minor injuries in a car accident in Shanghai involving a sasaeng fan. In 2015, Chanyeol of the band Exo wrote on Weibo that he was constantly followed by 20 fan vehicles during a visit to Shanghai. In 2016, Jackson of Got7 sustained minor injuries in an accident on the way to an airport in China that involved a fan closely following his car.\n Links: a. Sina Weibo b. Park Chanyeol c. Seungri d. Seungri", "neg": "Question: When was the car manufacturer of the Javelin founded? Passage:The Mustang's success left General Motors unprepared. Chrysler introduced the Plymouth Barracuda a few weeks before the Mustang, and although it was later redesigned as a distinct \"pony car\", it was initially a modified Plymouth Valiant. However, the \"fish car\" did not enjoy as strong a market demand as Ford's \"pony\". General Motors executives thought the rear-engined Chevrolet Corvair Monza would compete against the Mustang, but it also sold poorly by comparison. The Monza performed well, but lacked a V8 engine and its reputation was tarnished by Ralph Nader in his book Unsafe At Any Speed. It took GM until the 1967 model year to counter with the Chevrolet Camaro and Pontiac Firebird. Lincoln-Mercury joined the competition in 1966 with the Mercury Cougar, an \"upmarket Mustang\" and subsequent Motor Trend Car of the Year. In 1967, American Motors (AMC) introduced the Javelin, an image changing \"standout\" four-place pony car. In 1969, the Dodge Challenger, a version of the Plymouth Barracuda platform, was last to join the pony car race. This genre of small, sporty automobiles is often referred to as the \"pony car\" because of the Ford Mustang that established this market segment.\n Links: a. American Motors Corporation b. Pony car c. American Motors Corporation d. Dodge Challenger", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}532{"query": "Question: How many teams did the Huddersfield Town loanee that replaced Paul Hayes play for? Passage:Brentford began the season with a disappointing 1–0 defeat at the hands of Walsall in the League Cup first round and hovered around mid-table in League One before coming into form in late October 2012. Summer forward signing Paul Hayes failed to produce regular goals and was replaced by Huddersfield Town loanee Jimmy Spencer, who in turn was replaced by Marcello Trotta and the Italian would remain with the Bees for the duration of the season on loan from West London rivals Fulham. Inspired by the form of attacking midfielder Harry Forrester, an unbeaten run of 9 wins and four draws in 13 matches between 23 October 2012 and 21 January 2013 firmly established the Bees as challengers for automatic promotion, rising as high as 2nd position in the table. Headway was also made in the FA Cup during the same period, with victories over Boreham Wood, Bradford City and Southend United setting up a fourth round tie versus West London neighbours Chelsea at Griffin Park on 27 January. In a match televised on ITV, Brentford twice took the lead through a quick-reaction Marcello Trotta finish and a Harry Forrester penalty, but the Premier League side ensured a replay when Fernando Torres pulled the score back to 2–2 with seven minutes remaining. Brentford were comfortably beaten 4–0 at Stamford Bridge in the replay and the match ended on a sour note when Chelsea defender David Luiz's \"sickening\" late shoulder charge on Bees midfielder Jake Reeves went unpunished and left Reeves concussed.\n Links: a. EFL Cup b. Jimmy Spencer (footballer) c. Premier League d. Boreham Wood F.C.", "pos": "Question: What division is team Canvey Island members of? Passage:Hackney impressed on his trial, from non-league Woodley Sports scoring two goals in two games for the reserves, he signed for Carlisle United in February 2005. He made his debut for Carlisle as a substitute in Carlisle's 3–0 win away at Canvey Island he only made one more appearance for the season again as a sub in a loss against Forest Green Rovers. At the end of the season Carlisle were promoted to League Two, in the 2005–06 season he made many more appearances for Carlisle although most of them came after being brought into the game as a sub. He also scored his first professional goal in Carlisle's 5–0 win against Rushden & Diamonds he also scored a second goal in this game, these were 2 of the 6 goals he scored in his 30 league appearances this season that made him a key part of the promotion winning team. After helping Carlisle to gain their second successive promotion up to League One. During Carlisle's first season in league one Hackney was only able to make 18 appearances this was due to him picking up a serious injury to his knee cartilage in December, however in these 18 games he did manage to score two goals. Hackney managed to recover from his knee injury in time for the 2007–08 season which enabled him to make himself a key part of the team which led to him making 45 league appearances for the club scoring eight times including a vital goal to help Carlisle end Leeds United's undefeated start to the season and help them defeat Leeds 3–1. During the first half of the 2008–09 season he made 22 appearances for Carlisle but only managed to score one goal against Crewe Alexandra, however towards the middle of the season his form dropped slightly and Jeff Smith took his place in the starting line up. Colchester United made two enquires which were both rejected after one reportedly being £25,000 being called 'a mickey take', then Colchester came back with an improved 'six-figure' offer which Carlisle accepted on 26 January. During his time at Carlisle, Hackney made over 100 appearances for the club, helped them gain successive promotions and became a huge favourite with the fans.\n Links: a. 2008–09 in English football b. Canvey Island F.C. c. Colchester United F.C. d. Leeds United F.C.", "neg": "Question: Who was the coach of the team that Brentford lost against in League Cup first round in the 2012-13 season? Passage:Brentford began the season with a disappointing 1–0 defeat at the hands of Walsall in the League Cup first round and hovered around mid-table in League One before coming into form in late October 2012. Summer forward signing Paul Hayes failed to produce regular goals and was replaced by Huddersfield Town loanee Jimmy Spencer, who in turn was replaced by Marcello Trotta and the Italian would remain with the Bees for the duration of the season on loan from West London rivals Fulham. Inspired by the form of attacking midfielder Harry Forrester, an unbeaten run of 9 wins and four draws in 13 matches between 23 October 2012 and 21 January 2013 firmly established the Bees as challengers for automatic promotion, rising as high as 2nd position in the table. Headway was also made in the FA Cup during the same period, with victories over Boreham Wood, Bradford City and Southend United setting up a fourth round tie versus West London neighbours Chelsea at Griffin Park on 27 January. In a match televised on ITV, Brentford twice took the lead through a quick-reaction Marcello Trotta finish and a Harry Forrester penalty, but the Premier League side ensured a replay when Fernando Torres pulled the score back to 2–2 with seven minutes remaining. Brentford were comfortably beaten 4–0 at Stamford Bridge in the replay and the match ended on a sour note when Chelsea defender David Luiz's \"sickening\" late shoulder charge on Bees midfielder Jake Reeves went unpunished and left Reeves concussed.\n Links: a. Fernando Torres b. EFL Cup c. Walsall F.C. d. Fernando Torres", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}533{"query": "Question: What two countries fought in the Solomon Islands campaign? Passage:Thomson was born in Glasgow; soon after he was born his family realised that Glasgow was full of John Thomsons and started calling him Ian. He was educated at the High School of Glasgow and the University of Glasgow. In 1939 he joined the Black Watch but was able to finish his studies at Glagow University, graduating with a degree in economics in 1940. He had already applied to join the Colonial Service, did so in 1941 and was sent to Fiji, then a British colony, as aide-de-camp to the Governor, Sir Harry Luke. He was commissioned in the Fiji Military Forces and saw action in the Solomon Islands campaign. He was appointed a military \"in recognition of gallant and distinguished services in the South West Pacific\" in 1945. After the war he served the Administration of Fiji, becoming a District Officer and eventually District Commissioner 1963–66. In 1967 he reluctantly left Fiji to become Governor of the British Virgin Islands (BVI). He was appointed in the 1968 Birthday Honours. In 1971 he returned to Fiji after being invited by the Prime Minister of the newly independent Dominion of Fiji, Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, to chair the board of the Fiji Sugar Corporation. He was also chairman of Fiji's airline, Air Pacific. He was knighted KBE in the 1985 New Year Honours on the advice of the Fijian government.\n Links: a. Fiji Sugar Corporation b. British Virgin Islands c. Solomon Islands campaign d. 1985 New Year Honours", "pos": "Question: Which parties were involved in the war that Maitland volunteered for with the Imperial Yeomanry? Passage:The elder son of the 13th Earl of Lauderdale, by his first wife, Charlotte Sleigh, a daughter of Lieutenant-Colonel Sleigh of the 77th Foot, Maitland was commissioned into the Royal Scots Fusiliers in 1886, transferred to the 2nd Dragoons in 1887 and to the Scots Guards in 1894, from which he retired as a lieutenant. After the outbreak of the Second Boer War in late 1899, he volunteered for active service with the Imperial Yeomanry in South Africa and was appointed adjutant of the 20th battalion on 21 March 1900. He served in South Africa 1900–1901, when he was mentioned in despatches. After his return, he was Assistant Director of Auxiliary Forces on the Headquarters Staff from 1904 to 1908. He saw further active service in the European War of 1914–1918, in which he was wounded. He was appointed OBE in 1919 and succeeded his father in 1924, taking up residence at Thirlestane Castle near Lauder in Scotland.\n Links: a. 77th (East Middlesex) Regiment of Foot b. Adjutant c. Second Boer War d. Lauder", "neg": "Question: In which ocean is the island nation located that Thomson's best figures, 3/37 from eight overs, came against ? Passage:Thomson was born in Dundee, and attended Brechin High School. He made his debut for Scotland in June 1992, in a first-class game against Ireland. Later in 1992, and also in 1994, Thomson trialled with English counties, playing Second XI Championship games for Leicestershire and Durham, respectively. At the 1997 ICC Trophy in Malaysia, he played in five of Scotland's nine matches, taking six wickets. His best figures, 3/37 from eight overs, came against Papua New Guinea. Thomson was a regular for Scotland throughout the late 1990s and into the early 2000s, although he missed out on both the team's appearance at the 1999 World Cup and the 2001 ICC Trophy. His final matches for the national team came in the 2003 National Cricket League, against Derbyshire and Lancashire.\n Links: a. Durham County Cricket Club b. First-class cricket c. Leicestershire County Cricket Club d. Papua New Guinea national cricket team", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}534{"query": "Question: Which mountain range is higher, the Precordillera or the Andes? Passage:The Precordillera terrane of western Argentina is a large mountain range located southeast of the main Andes mountain range. The evolution of the Precordillera is noted for its unique formation history compared to the region nearby. The Cambrian-Ordovian sedimentology in the Precordillera terrane has its source neither from old Andes nor nearby country rock, but shares similar characteristics with the Grenville orogeny of eastern North America. This indicates a rift-drift history of the Precordillera in the early Paleozoic. The Precordillera is a moving micro-continent which started from the southeast part of the ancient continent Laurentia (current location: North American plate). The separation of the Precordillera (also named Cuyania) started around the early Cambrian. The mass collided with Gondwana (the ancient supercontinent in the southern hemisphere) around Late Ordovician period. Different models and thinking of rift-drift process and the time of occurrence have been proposed. This page focuses on the evidence of drifting found in the stratigraphical record of the Precordillera, as well as exhibiting models of how the Precordillera drifted to Gondwana. \n Links: a. Laurentia b. Argentina c. Sedimentology d. Andes", "pos": "Question: What's the highest point in the range where the Bridger–Teton National Forest is located? Passage:It rises in western Wyoming, in northern Sublette County, on the western side of the Continental Divide in the Bridger–Teton National Forest in the Wind River Range. It flows south through Sublette County and western Wyoming in an area known as the Upper Green River Valley, then southwest and is joined by the Big Sandy River in western Sweetwater County. At the town of La Barge, it flows into Fontenelle Reservoir, formed by Fontenelle Dam. Below there, it flows through open sage covered rolling prairie where it is crossed by the Oregon, California and Mormon emigration trails and then further south until it flows past the town of Green River and into the Flaming Gorge Reservoir in Southwestern Wyoming, formed by the Flaming Gorge Dam in northeastern Utah. Prior to the creation of the reservoir, the Blacks Fork joined the Green River south of Green River, today the mouth of Blacks Fork is submerged by the reservoir.\n Links: a. Mormon Trail b. Bridger–Teton National Forest c. Bridger–Teton National Forest d. Wind River Range", "neg": "Question: How tall is the Serranía de Baudó mountain chain? Passage:The Coiba Plate is a small tectonic plate (a microplate) located off the coasts south of Panama and northwestern Colombia. It is named after Coiba, the largest island of Central America, just north of the plate offshore southern Panama. It is bounded on the west by the Cocos Plate, on the south by the Malpelo Plate, on the east by the North Andes Plate, and on the north by the Panama Plate. This microplate was previously assumed to be part of the Nazca Plate, forming the northeastern tongue of the Nazca Plate together with the Malpelo Plate. Bordering the Coiba Plate on the east are the north-south striking Bahía Solano Fault and east of that, the Serranía de Baudó, an isolated mountain chain in northwestern Chocó, Colombia.\n Links: a. Panama Plate b. Serranía del Baudó c. Panama Plate d. Malpelo Plate", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}535{"query": "Question: Was the naturalist that updated his Systema Naturae for the twelfth edition born in the 18th century? Passage:In 1760 the French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson included a description of the purple-throated sunbird in his Ornithologie based on a specimen collected in the Philippines. He used the French name Le grimpereau pourpré des Philippines and the Latin Certhia Philippensis Purpurea. Although Brisson coined Latin names, these do not conform to the binomial system and are not recognised by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. When in 1766 the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus updated his Systema Naturae for the twelfth edition, he added 240 species that had been previously described by Brisson. One of these was the purple-throated sunbird. Linnaeus included a brief description, coined the binomial name Certhia sperata and cited Brisson's work. Linnaeus specified the type location as the Philippines but this was subsequently restricted to Manila. The specific name sperata is Latin for \"bride\" or \"betrothed\". The species is now placed in the genus Leptocoma that was introduced by the German ornithologist Jean Cabanis in 1850.\n Links: a. Manila b. Carl Linnaeus c. Systema Naturae d. Mathurin Jacques Brisson", "pos": "Question: In which city was the polymath that described the yellow-wattled lapwing born? Passage:The yellow-wattled lapwing was described by the French polymath Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon in his Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux in 1781. The bird was also illustrated in a hand-coloured plate engraved by François-Nicolas Martinet in the Planches Enluminées D'Histoire Naturelle. This plate was produced under the supervision of Edme-Louis Daubenton to accompany Buffon's text. Neither the plate caption nor Buffon's description included a scientific name but in 1783 the Dutch naturalist Pieter Boddaert coined the binomial name Charadrius malabaricus in his catalogue of the Planches Enluminées. The type locality is the Malabar Coast in southwest India. The current genus Vanellus was erected by the French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson in 1760. Vanellus is the Medieval Latin for a \"lapwing\". It is a diminutive of the Latin vanus meaning \"winnowing\" or \"fan\". The species is monotypic.\n Links: a. Edme-Louis Daubenton b. Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon c. Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon d. Type (biology)", "neg": "Question: What year saw the publication of the eleventh edition of the zoological book published by a Swedish naturalist who included the hook-billed vanga in the twelfth edition of the book? Passage:In 1760 the French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson included a description of the hook-billed vanga in his Ornithologie based on a specimen collected on the island of Madagascar. He used the French name L'écorcheur de Madagascar and the Latin Collurio Madagascariensis. Although Brisson coined Latin names, these do not conform to the binomial system and are not recognised by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. When in 1766 the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus updated his Systema Naturae for the twelfth edition, he added 240 species that had been previously described by Brisson. One of these was the hook-billed vanga. Linnaeus included a brief description, coined the binomial name Lanius curvirostris and cited Brisson's work. It is now the only species placed in the genus Vanga that was introduced by the French ornithologist Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot in 1816. The specific name curvirostris is from Latin curvus \"curved\" and -rostrum \"billed\". The word \"vanga\" is the Malagasy name for the species. Two subspecies are recognised.\n Links: a. International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature b. Mathurin Jacques Brisson c. Systema Naturae d. Systema Naturae", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}536{"query": "Question: Was the USNS Asterion badly damaged in the collision? Passage:After her acquisition by the U.S. Coast Guard she was converted for use as a buoy tender at the Bethlehem Shipyard in San Francisco. She was commissioned USCGC Magnolia (WAGL-328) on 19 October 1947. She was first assigned to U.S. Coast Guard Base Yerba Buena Island, San Francisco. Her primary duties there were aids to navigation (ATON), servicing light stations and lightships on the California coast, search and rescue, and law enforcement. From 28 to 29 April 1951 she assisted the Japanese MV Flyer. On 9 February 1960 she assisted the disabled MV Angelo Petri two miles south of the San Francisco Bar. On 5 June 1963 she assisted following the collision between the U.S. Navy Military Sea Transportation Service (MSTS) ship USNS Asterion (T-AF-63) and the Japanese merchantman MV Kokoku Maru and transported 19 crew members from the Japanese ship to San Francisco. From 21 to 24 June 1965 she escorted the damaged catamaran SV Judy Al 165 miles southwest of Eureka, California to that port as her hull was too damaged to permit towing. She then transferred to U.S. Coast Guard Base Tongue Point, Astoria, Oregon on 1 September 1965, and redesignated WLB-328. Her primary duties there were aids to navigation (ATON), search and rescue, and law enforcement. She also tended the Columbia River Lightship on the Columbia River Bar. On 6 December 1967 she escorted the distressed MV David E. Day, which had grounded on the Columbia River Bar. On 10 August 1968 she assisted following the collision between MV Seatrain Washington and SS Rose S 17 miles east of Cape Flattery, Washington in heavy fog. Magnolia was decommissioned on 13 August 1971. She was stored at U.S. Coast Guard Training Center (TRACEN) at Government Island, Alameda, California until sold.\n Links: a. Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation b. Washington (state) c. Asterius (mythology) d. Lightvessel", "pos": "Question: What division of the ocean was Crosby sailing towards on April 29th as a transport screen? Passage:Clearing San Francisco on 27 February 1943, Crosby sailed by way of Pearl Harbor, Samoa, Viti Levu, and Noumea to Espiritu Santo, arriving on 27 March for training exercises with the 4th Marines. Beginning the active service which was to bring her a Navy Unit Commendation, Crosby sailed on 29 April for Guadalcanal as a transport screen. She made two similar voyages until 6 June, and then reported for patrol and escort duty in the Solomons. Crosby aided in the consolidation of the Solomons, landing troops on New Georgia between 30 June and 5 July; on the Treasury Islands under heavy gunfire on 27 October; and on Bougainville on 6 and 17 November. She sailed on 21 November for overhaul at Brisbane, Australia, returning to Milne Bay, New Guinea on 12 December. She trained Army and Marine personnel in amphibious landings, then landed troops at Cape Gloucester, New Britain, between 24 and 29 December 1943 and at Dekays Bay, New Guinea on 2 January 1944.\n Links: a. Cape Gloucester (Papua New Guinea) b. Milne Bay Province c. Guadalcanal d. Nouméa", "neg": "Question: How many years was the SS Larry Doheny in service before she was sunk? Passage:Larry Doheny was a tanker ship that sank during World War II, after an attack by on October 5, 1942 at 10:00pm. Larry Doheny sank with six of her crew killed off the coast of Cape Sebastian, off the southern coast of Oregon. Larry Doheny was on her way to Portland, Oregon loaded with 66,000 barrels of fuel oil from Long Beach, California. The torpedo attack caused the #2 and #3 storage tanks to exploded. The explosion took out the radio, so no distress call was sent. The surviving 40 crew members were rescued by , a United States Navy small seaplane tender, the next day. The ship was not salvaged. The attack help put fear into the west coast and started the Battle of Los Angeles. and were also attacked and sank off the West Coast of the United States. SS Larry Doheny was built by Sun Shipbuilding & Drydock Company. She had nine cargo tanks, her homeport was Los Angeles. \n Links: a. Fuel oil b. West Coast of the United States c. Torpedo d. World War II", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}537{"query": "Question: How many active aircraft does the military force that Clayton shot his first film while in service of the film unit? Passage:While in service with the Royal Air Force film unit during World War II, Clayton shot his first film, the documentary Naples is a Battlefield (1944), representing the problems in the reconstruction of Naples, the first great city liberated in World War II, ruined after Allied bombing and destruction caused by the retreating Nazis. After the war, he was second-unit director on Gordon Parry's Bond Street (1948) and production manager on Korda's An Ideal Husband (1947). Clayton married actress Christine Norden in 1947, but they divorced in 1953. In the early 1950s, Clayton became an associate producer, working on several of the John and James Woolf's Romulus Films productions, including Moulin Rouge (1952) and Beat the Devil (1953), both directed by John Huston. It was during the making of Moulin Rouge that Clayton met his second wife, French actress Katherine Kath (born Lilly Faess), who portrayed legendary can-can dancer \"La Goulue\" in the film; they married in 1953, following Clayton's divorce from Norden, but the marriage was short-lived. It was also during this period that Clayton first met rising British star Laurence Harvey, with whom he worked on both The Good Die Young (1954) and I Am a Camera (1955).\n Links: a. Royal Air Force b. Christine Norden c. Royal Air Force d. John Huston", "pos": "Question: How many movies had Jared Harris worked on before joining Allied? Passage:On February 6, 2015, Paramount Pictures and New Regency announced that Robert Zemeckis was to direct an untitled World War II romantic thriller, in which Brad Pitt would star. Steven Knight wrote the original script, in development by Graham King's GK Films, which now would be produced by ImageMovers' Zemeckis and Steve Starkey along with King. On June 8, 2015, Marion Cotillard was cast to play a spy along with Pitt, who fall in love during a mission to kill a German official. In August 2015, Knight said that the film would be based on a true story told to him at the age of 21, and also that the shooting would start in January 2016. On January 28, 2016, Jared Harris joined the film. On March 8, 2016, Lizzy Caplan was cast to play Pitt's sister. Executive producers on the film would be Knight, Jack Rapke, Patrick McCormick and Denis O'Sullivan. Alan Silvestri composed the music.\n Links: a. Jared Harris b. Jared Harris c. Jared Harris d. Graham King", "neg": "Question: How many movies were directed byt the director of Beyond the Ocean? Passage:Gradually Clayburgh shifted into being more of a supporting character actress in the 90s, taking on roles as diverse as an antagonistic judge in Trial: The Price of Passion (1992) and the interfering wife of Alan Alda's character in Whispers in the Dark (1992). After appearing in Ben Gazzara's Beyond the Ocean (1990), which was shot in Bali, and the unreleased Pretty Hattie's Baby (1991), she became typecast as an attractive maternal figure: she was the long-missing matriarch in Rich in Love (1992), a wheelchair-bound mom in Firestorm: 72 Hours in Oakland (1993) and Eric Stoltz's single mother in Naked in New York (1993). A review in People magazine felt Clayburgh \"[did] her best as the footloose mother\" in Rich in Love, while Roger Ebert praised her casting in Naked in New York as \"exactly on target\". She also played Kitty Menendez who was murdered by her sons in Honor Thy Father and Mother: The True Story of the Menendez Murders (1993), a role which Variety perceived to be \"incomplete, but that has more to do with the script than Clayburgh’s performance.\" She continued to play concerned, protective mothers in For the Love of Nancy (1994), The Face on the Milk Carton (1995), Going All the Way (1997), Fools Rush In (1997), When Innocence Is Lost (1997) and Sins of the Mind (1997), and was in \"good form\" as the forceful, pushy stage mother in Crowned and Dangerous (1997).\n Links: a. Eric Stoltz b. Whispers in the Dark (film) c. Typecasting (acting) d. Ben Gazzara", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}538{"query": "Question: What is the age difference between the actress who voiced Fiona and the actress originally cast to voice the role, but was fired? Passage:Created by screenwriters Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio, Fiona is loosely based on the unsightly princess in William Steig's children's book Shrek!, from which her role and appearance were significantly modified. The screenwriters adapted the character into a princess under a shapeshifting enchantment, an idea that was initially greatly contested by other filmmakers. Fiona is voiced by actress Cameron Diaz. Comedian and actress Janeane Garofalo was originally cast as the character until she was fired from the first film with little explanation, although it is believed that the producers found Garofalo's sarcastic approach to the princess unsuitable after Shrek's original voice actor died. Fiona was one of the first human characters to have a lead role in a computer-animated film, thus the animators aspired to make her both beautiful and realistic in appearance. However, an early test screening resulted in children reacting negatively towards the character's uncanny realism, prompting the animators to re-design Fiona into a more stylized, cartoonish heroine.\n Links: a. Shapeshifting b. Computer animation c. Cameron Diaz d. William Steig", "pos": "Question: How many books has the author of the children's book that inspired the character of Princess Fiona written? Passage:Created by screenwriters Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio, Fiona is loosely based on the unsightly princess in William Steig's children's book Shrek!, from which her role and appearance were significantly modified. The screenwriters adapted the character into a princess under a shapeshifting enchantment, an idea that was initially greatly contested by other filmmakers. Fiona is voiced by actress Cameron Diaz. Comedian and actress Janeane Garofalo was originally cast as the character until she was fired from the first film with little explanation, although it is believed that the producers found Garofalo's sarcastic approach to the princess unsuitable after Shrek's original voice actor died. Fiona was one of the first human characters to have a lead role in a computer-animated film, thus the animators aspired to make her both beautiful and realistic in appearance. However, an early test screening resulted in children reacting negatively towards the character's uncanny realism, prompting the animators to re-design Fiona into a more stylized, cartoonish heroine.\n Links: a. Computer animation b. Cameron Diaz c. William Steig d. William Steig", "neg": "Question: How old was the actress that played Gia Matteo when she was cast in the role? Passage:Universal Pictures and Focus Features secured the rights to the trilogy in March 2012. The films were produced by Michael De Luca Productions. At a fan screening of the first film in New York City on February 6, 2015, director Sam Taylor-Johnson confirmed that the book sequels Fifty Shades Darker and Fifty Shades Freed would also be adapted, with the first sequel then set to be released in 2016. After the announcement, Taylor-Johnson told Digital Spy that \"It's not my decision [to return], and I haven't been privy to any of the discussions.\" On November 12, 2015, TheWrap reported that James Foley would direct both sequels, which would be shot back-to-back in 2016, with Niall Leonard writing the script and Michael De Luca and Dana Brunetti returning to produce, along with E. L. James and Marcus Viscidi. Dakota Johnson and Jamie Dornan were also set to return in the lead roles. On February 8, 2016, Arielle Kebbel was cast in the film to play Gia Matteo, a beautiful architect who is hired by Christian to build his home, and on February 12, 2016, Eric Johnson was cast as Jack Hyde, Ana's boss at SIP and stalker. On February 20, 2016, Brant Daugherty signed on to play Sawyer, the personal bodyguard for Anastasia.\n Links: a. Arielle Kebbel b. Arielle Kebbel c. Eric Johnson (actor) d. Dakota Johnson", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}539{"query": "Question: Which team had the most points in the AFL during the West Coast Eagles' 25th season? Passage:The 2011 season was the West Coast Eagles' 25th season in the premier Australian rules football competition, the Australian Football League (AFL). The previous season, West Coast had finished 16th and last overall to receive their first wooden spoon. The club began the season by reaching the semi-finals of the league's pre-season knock-out competition, the NAB Cup. They began their season with a four-point win over on Sunday, 27 March. At the conclusion of round 10, West Coast had won five of their nine games and lost four, but over the remainder of the season won 12 of their 13 games to finish fourth at the end of the regular season. In the finals series, the club lost their qualifying final to by 20 points. They defeated in a home semi-final, but lost to , the eventual premiers in a preliminary final at the MCG the following week, to finish fourth overall.\n Links: a. 2011 AFL season b. West Coast Eagles c. Australian rules football d. 2011 AFL season", "pos": "Question: Why type of sport were the St. George Illawarra Dragons and the Wests Tigers playing in their match that ended 34-22? Passage:The Dragons U20s side were strong off from the start. For the Toyota Cup inaugural season, the Dragons Under-20s Side is coached by Steven Price. Before the regular season began, the Dragons won a Toyota Cup Trial match against the Bulldogs down at WIN Stadium in Wollongong. They started the regular season disappointing with a 34-22 loss to the Wests Tigers. However, the Dragons have not lost another match after that with 1 bye in their past leaving them on top of the Toyota Cup table, on 22 competition points. Their 10-match winning streak came to an end in Round 13 at WIN Stadium when they drew 22 all with the Brisbane Broncos. While the First Grade side continued their winning streak, the Under 20s were looking to start a losing streak as they were defeated back-to-back for the first time this year by the Penrith Panthers 28-26 in Round 15 at ANZ Stadium and 32-16 by the Gold Coast Titans at Skilled Park on the Gold Coast. They returned to the winners circle in Round 17 defeating the Newcastle Knights 26-18 at EnergyAustralia Stadium. In Round 18, straight after a fresh win, they once again lost a match this time against the Canberra Raiders 38-28 at WIN Stadium. They then had back and forth wins during the regular season keeping them in the top 8, struggling to keep their spot(s).\n Links: a. Wests Tigers b. Wollongong Showground c. Brisbane Broncos d. Newcastle Knights", "neg": "Question: Who has more total championsips between the Western Division Champion and the Eastern Division Champion currently? Passage:The 1935 NFL Championship Game was held on December 15, 1935, at University of Detroit Stadium (some sources call it Titan Stadium) in Detroit. The game was played in a snowstorm in front of 12,000 spectators. It was the 3rd annual title game for the NFL. The champion of the Western Division was the Detroit Lions (7–3–2) and the champion of the Eastern Division was the New York Giants (9–3). On the opening drive of the game, the Lions Glenn Presnell threw a 36-yard pass to Frank Christensen, and Ace Gutowsky threw another long pass to Ed Klewicki at the Giants' 8-yard line. Gutowsky then ran the ball into the end zone to give the Lions a 7–0 lead. The Lions scored again after Christensen intercepted a pass thrown by New York's Ed Danowski and ran it back to midfield. Three plays later, Dutch Clark ran 40 yards for a touchdown. In the fourth quarter, the Lions blocked a punt, and George Christensen recovered the ball on the Giants' 22-yard line. Ernie Caddel ran the ball in from the one-yard line for the Lions' third touchdown. The Lions added to their lead late in the game after Parker intercepted a pass from New York quarterback (and former University of Michigan star) Harry Newman on the Giants' 45-yard line and returned it to the nine-yard line. Buddy Parker ran for the touchdown as the Lions won the championship by a final score of 26–7.\n Links: a. 1935 NFL Championship Game b. Detroit Lions c. Ace Gutowsky d. New York Giants", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}540{"query": "Question: When was the 17th Dynasty in Egyptian history? Passage:The Egyptian collection consists of about fifty itens, including some objects which stand out in the context of Brazilian museums, due to their quality and rarity. Since these objects are not related to official archeological excavations, their exact place of origin remains largely unknown. The collection includes a number of large pharaonic statuary, in which a head of a Pharaoh in a nemes headdress is the centerpiece. Among the funerary itens, there is a coffin mask with encrusted glass eyes dating back to the 17th Dynasty, and other pieces which reflect the importance of animals in Egyptian rituals, such as a coffin of a mummified cat from the Ptolemaic period. The collection also includes reliefs and fragments of architectural decoration, such as a prominent temple bas-relief of a goddess with the body of a woman and the head of a lioness, dating back to the 3rd Intermediate Period.\n Links: a. Art of ancient Egypt b. Seventeenth Dynasty of Egypt c. Ptolemaic Kingdom d. Funerary art", "pos": "Question: Who ruled Egypt in the Fourth Dynasty? Passage:Azurite is unstable in air, however it was used as a blue pigment in antiquity. Azurite is naturally occurring in Sinai and the Eastern Desert of Egypt. It was reported by F. C. J. Spurrell (1895) in the following examples; a shell used as a pallet in a Fourth Dynasty (2613 to 2494 BCE) context in Meidum, a cloth over the face of a Fifth Dynasty (2494 to 2345 BCE) mummy also at Meidum and a number of Eighteenth Dynasty (1543–1292 BCE) wall paintings. Depending on the degree of fineness to which it was ground, and its basic content of copper carbonate, it gave a wide range of blues. It has been known as mountain blue or Armenian stone, in addition it was formerly known as Azurro Della Magna (from Italian). When mixed with oil it turns slightly green. When mixed with egg yolk it turns green-grey. It is also known by the names blue bice and blue verditer, though verditer usually refers to a pigment made by chemical process. Older examples of azurite pigment may show a more greenish tint due to weathering into malachite. Much azurite was mislabeled lapis lazuli, a term applied to many blue pigments. As chemical analysis of paintings from the Middle Ages improves, azurite is being recognized as a major source of the blues used by medieval painters. Lapis lazuli (the pigment ultramarine) was chiefly supplied from Afghanistan during the Middle Ages, whereas azurite was a common mineral in Europe at the time. Sizable deposits were found near Lyons, France. It was mined since the 12th century in Saxony, in the silver mines located there.\n Links: a. Pigment b. Fourth Dynasty of Egypt c. Bice d. Meidum", "neg": "Question: What substance was the helmet gilded with? Passage:The tomb was originally a monumental temple at Golyama Kosmatka Mound, built in the second half of the 5th century BC. After extended use as a temple, at the later part of the 3rd century BC, Seuthes lll was buried inside. The sarcophagus-chamber contained personal belongings that were necessary for the afterlife of the King. It includes knee pads, a gilded helmet with images, leather armour with a collar (plastron made of golden threads), a large sword and spears. There are bronze vessels, and three big ceramic amphora which were filled with thick Thracian wine. The floor and the ritual bed are covered by a carpet woven in gold thread. The total weight of the gold including all the objects is more than one kilogram. There are thirteen gold appliques for horse halters with images of human, animals and plants - objects which are rare in Thracian archaeology. Another two rectangular objects are golden with figures of standing warriors, used as a decoration for the sword sheath. There is a massive circular decoration for the King's armour. The handle of the rod is also golden. In the grave are placed golden vessels with two handles for drinking wine, also called kiliks, and a remarkable golden wreath with twigs, leaves and acorns and many other items.\n Links: a. Seuthes III b. Seuthes III c. Wreath d. Gold", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}541{"query": "Question: How did the director of Triumph of the Will die? Passage:Triumph of the Will () is a 1935 Nazi propaganda film directed, produced, edited, and co-written by Leni Riefenstahl. It chronicles the 1934 Nazi Party Congress in Nuremberg, which was attended by more than 700,000 Nazi supporters. The film contains excerpts from speeches given by Nazi leaders at the Congress, including Adolf Hitler, Rudolf Hess and Julius Streicher, interspersed with footage of massed Sturmabteilung (SA) and Schutzstaffel (SS) troops and public reaction. Hitler commissioned the film and served as an unofficial executive producer; his name appears in the opening titles. The film's overriding theme is the return of Germany as a great power, with Hitler as the leader who will bring glory to the nation. Because the film was made after the 1934 Night of the Long Knives (on 30 June), many prominent Sturmabteilung (SA) members are absent—they were murdered in that Party purge, organised and orchestrated by Hitler to replace the SA with the Schutzstaffel (SS) as his main paramilitary force.\n Links: a. Leni Riefenstahl b. Propaganda film c. Executive producer d. Schutzstaffel", "pos": "Question: Did Steinhoff direct any more films for the Reich? Passage:The novel provided the basis for a subsequent film version, produced in the Universum Film AG (Ufa) studios. The plot was written by Bobby E. Lüthge and Karl Aloys Schenzinger, the author of the novel. Produced by Karl Ritter, the film was supported by the Nazi leadership and produced for 320,000 reichsmarks under the aegis of Baldur von Schirach. The latter also wrote the lyrics for the Hitler Youth song \"Unsere Fahne flattert uns voran\", based on an existing melody by Hans-Otto Borgmann, who was also responsible for the music. The director was Hans Steinhoff. For the film, the novel's title was amended with the subtitle Ein Film vom Opfergeist der deutschen Jugend (\"A film about the sacrificial spirit of German youth\"). The film has a length of 95 minutes (2,605 metres) and was premiered on 11 September 1933 at the Ufa-Phoebus Palace, Munich, and on 19 September at the Ufa-Palast am Zoo, Berlin. It was one of three films about Nazi martyrs in 1933, the other two being SA-Mann Brand and Hans Westmar, and by January 1934 had been viewed by a million people.\n Links: a. Hans Steinhoff b. S.A.-Mann Brand c. Hans Steinhoff d. Hans Steinhoff", "neg": "Question: Where was the director of Triumph of the Will born? Passage:Triumph of the Will () is a 1935 Nazi propaganda film directed, produced, edited, and co-written by Leni Riefenstahl. It chronicles the 1934 Nazi Party Congress in Nuremberg, which was attended by more than 700,000 Nazi supporters. The film contains excerpts from speeches given by Nazi leaders at the Congress, including Adolf Hitler, Rudolf Hess and Julius Streicher, interspersed with footage of massed Sturmabteilung (SA) and Schutzstaffel (SS) troops and public reaction. Hitler commissioned the film and served as an unofficial executive producer; his name appears in the opening titles. The film's overriding theme is the return of Germany as a great power, with Hitler as the leader who will bring glory to the nation. Because the film was made after the 1934 Night of the Long Knives (on 30 June), many prominent Sturmabteilung (SA) members are absent—they were murdered in that Party purge, organised and orchestrated by Hitler to replace the SA with the Schutzstaffel (SS) as his main paramilitary force.\n Links: a. Nuremberg b. Nuremberg c. Executive producer d. Leni Riefenstahl", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}542{"query": "Question: How old was the person traded to the Oakland Athletics when the trade occurred? Passage:Although in 2008 Baseball America projected Venable as an every day starter for the Padres in 2010, some experts questioned whether he would be a long-term solution in center field for the team. Venable started the 2009 season with the Padres' Triple-A affiliate, Portland Beavers, but he was recalled by the Padres on June 3. His father, Max, served as the Beavers' hitting coach in 2009. Following the July 5 trade of Scott Hairston to the Oakland Athletics, Venable shared right field with Kyle Blanks. On July 12 against the San Francisco Giants, he had his first home run of the season in his first career four-hit game. Between July 30 and August 5, he homered in five of seven games. In an August 23 game against the St. Louis Cardinals, he was involved in a bench-clearing incident when Albert Pujols thought he threw an elbow while being tagged out. In 2009, he posted 12 home runs and tallied 38 runs batted in (RBI), while defensively 493.2 of his 643 innings were spent in right field and only 117 in center field.\n Links: a. Scott Hairston b. 2009 San Diego Padres season c. Scott Hairston d. Oakland Athletics", "pos": "Question: Between the teams that traded Scott Hairston and the one the Padres played on July 12, which one was established first? Passage:Although in 2008 Baseball America projected Venable as an every day starter for the Padres in 2010, some experts questioned whether he would be a long-term solution in center field for the team. Venable started the 2009 season with the Padres' Triple-A affiliate, Portland Beavers, but he was recalled by the Padres on June 3. His father, Max, served as the Beavers' hitting coach in 2009. Following the July 5 trade of Scott Hairston to the Oakland Athletics, Venable shared right field with Kyle Blanks. On July 12 against the San Francisco Giants, he had his first home run of the season in his first career four-hit game. Between July 30 and August 5, he homered in five of seven games. In an August 23 game against the St. Louis Cardinals, he was involved in a bench-clearing incident when Albert Pujols thought he threw an elbow while being tagged out. In 2009, he posted 12 home runs and tallied 38 runs batted in (RBI), while defensively 493.2 of his 643 innings were spent in right field and only 117 in center field.\n Links: a. Oakland Athletics b. 2009 San Francisco Giants season c. Oakland Athletics d. Scott Hairston", "neg": "Question: Of the person Will shared right field with and the one who accused him of throwing elbows, which one is younger? Passage:Although in 2008 Baseball America projected Venable as an every day starter for the Padres in 2010, some experts questioned whether he would be a long-term solution in center field for the team. Venable started the 2009 season with the Padres' Triple-A affiliate, Portland Beavers, but he was recalled by the Padres on June 3. His father, Max, served as the Beavers' hitting coach in 2009. Following the July 5 trade of Scott Hairston to the Oakland Athletics, Venable shared right field with Kyle Blanks. On July 12 against the San Francisco Giants, he had his first home run of the season in his first career four-hit game. Between July 30 and August 5, he homered in five of seven games. In an August 23 game against the St. Louis Cardinals, he was involved in a bench-clearing incident when Albert Pujols thought he threw an elbow while being tagged out. In 2009, he posted 12 home runs and tallied 38 runs batted in (RBI), while defensively 493.2 of his 643 innings were spent in right field and only 117 in center field.\n Links: a. 2009 St. Louis Cardinals season b. Portland Beavers c. Portland Beavers d. Albert Pujols", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}543{"query": "Question: In what year did the Ford Mustang appear as a race car in the United States? Passage:Beechey began racing at the age of 22 in a Ford Customline V8. He came to prominence only a year later when he won the Olympic Touring Car Race at Albert Park, a support event at the Australian Grand Prix meeting which was held in conjunction with the 1956 Melbourne Olympic Games. As the expense of running this and two subsequent Customline V8s proved too prohibitive he reverted to a Holden 48-215 in 1959. After becoming part of David McKay’s Scuderia Veloce team he again returned to V8s, developing a Chevrolet Impala with which he won the New South Wales Touring Car Championship at Catalina Park. He progressed to a Ford Galaxie owned by Len Lukey and was then instrumental in forming the Neptune Racing Team in 1964. He raced a Holden EH S4 as part of that team alongside Jim McKeown’s Lotus Cortina and Peter Manton’s Morris Cooper S. He subsequently developed and raced a series of V8 powered Touring Cars with which he contested the Australian Touring Car Championship and other events. The first Ford Mustang to race in Australia was followed by a Chevrolet Chevy II Nova, a Chevrolet Camaro, a Holden Monaro GTS 327 and a Holden Monaro GTS 350.\n Links: a. Lotus Cortina b. Holden Monaro c. Ford Mustang (first generation) d. 1956 Summer Olympics", "pos": "Question: What age was the designer of Toyota GT-One when Toyota returned to sportscar racing? Passage:In 1996, Toyota Motor Sports funded the development of an experimental Le Mans Prototype, which was officially known as the TOM'S Toyota LMP. As Toyota were primarily focusing on their Championship Auto Racing Teams (CART) engine, which first ran that year, the LMP project was run on a tight budget of approximately $500,000. Due to this tight budget, the car, christened the \"Lumpy\", reused Toyota's 3S-GT engine in the 88C Group C specification, which was a 2.1-litre turbocharged straight-four engine, producing ; this engine was coupled to an Xtrac gearbox from a Peugeot Group C car. The chassis tub was designed to be simple but strong, and the bodywork was also simple; the tight budget meant that the LMP never saw a wind tunnel. The bodywork was designed to minimize lift over the upper body of the car, and had much simpler brake cooling than on most Le Mans Prototypes; the radiator ducts were used, via a scoop, to cool the brakes. After the LMP was completed, Tom Kristensen tested it on at least one occasion, whilst project director Andy Thorby recalled it being tested a total of three times; he stated that the car was very reliable, had lower fuel consumption than the 88C Group C car had (with the same engine), and that it also appeared to be quick. Following the completion of the tests, the car was dispatched to Toyota Team Europe's Cologne workshop, stored under a tarpaulin and eventually destroyed. Toyota would return to sportscar racing in 1998, with the André de Cortanze-designed Toyota GT-One.\n Links: a. Andrew Thorby b. Tom Kristensen (racing driver) c. André de Cortanze d. André de Cortanze", "neg": "Question: When was the car manufacturer of the Javelin founded? Passage:The Mustang's success left General Motors unprepared. Chrysler introduced the Plymouth Barracuda a few weeks before the Mustang, and although it was later redesigned as a distinct \"pony car\", it was initially a modified Plymouth Valiant. However, the \"fish car\" did not enjoy as strong a market demand as Ford's \"pony\". General Motors executives thought the rear-engined Chevrolet Corvair Monza would compete against the Mustang, but it also sold poorly by comparison. The Monza performed well, but lacked a V8 engine and its reputation was tarnished by Ralph Nader in his book Unsafe At Any Speed. It took GM until the 1967 model year to counter with the Chevrolet Camaro and Pontiac Firebird. Lincoln-Mercury joined the competition in 1966 with the Mercury Cougar, an \"upmarket Mustang\" and subsequent Motor Trend Car of the Year. In 1967, American Motors (AMC) introduced the Javelin, an image changing \"standout\" four-place pony car. In 1969, the Dodge Challenger, a version of the Plymouth Barracuda platform, was last to join the pony car race. This genre of small, sporty automobiles is often referred to as the \"pony car\" because of the Ford Mustang that established this market segment.\n Links: a. American Motors Corporation b. Pony car c. American Motors Corporation d. Dodge Challenger", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}544{"query": "Question: How old is the city where Yahya Kemal College is located as it's first private high school?  Passage:The Yahya Kemal College is the first private high school in Skopje, Macedonia. The high school was established in 1996 and bears the name of the great Turkish writer and poet Yahya Kemal Beyatlı, who was born in Skopje in 1884 and was one of the most eminent figures in Turkish literature. Shortly after the inauguration the school obtained the interest and appreciation of Macedonian people, because of the achievements and awards it gathered. The Turkish College, as it is popularly known, offers education at primary and high school level and is bestowed with the title of 'first and biggest private educational institution' in Macedonia. The number of enrolled students increases for few times each year. The college has six branches: in Avtokomanda (established 1996), Gostivar (established 1999), Struga (established 2002), Butel (established 2007), Strumica (established 2010), and Bogovinje, Tetovo (established 2011).\n Links: a. Tetovo b. Bogovinje c. Struga d. Skopje", "pos": "Question: How old was Teymur Bayramalibeyov when his daughter was accepted into her first boarding school? Passage:Maryam Bayramalibeyova was the daughter of Azerbaijani historian and journalist Teymur Bayramalibeyov and his wife Shirin (née Talyshinskaya), a Russian-educated Talysh-Azerbaijani who translated a number works by classical Russian writers into Azeri and was famous for promoting Western culture in Lankaran and the neighbouring regions. In 1906 Maryam Bayramalibeyova was accepted to the Empress Alexandra Russian Muslim Boarding School for Girls in Baku and 7 years later, to Saint Nina's Secondary Boarding School. In 1917, she graduated from Saint Nina's with honours and was admitted to study medicine at Moscow State University. However, after the October Revolution, being a daughter of an upper-middle class literatus Bayramalibeyova considered her life to be in danger and returned to Lankaran (eventually she did manage to get a post-secondary education receiving an Honours B.A. in law from Baku State University later in 1931). In her native city in 1917, she established the first all-girls secular school (named Uns) in the entire uyezd (administrative unit in Czarist Russia) with the help of Teymur Bayramalibeyov, and became its first principal. The Bayramalibeyovs visited many families in Lankaran encouraging them to send their daughters to Uns. The courses were taught in the Russian language. In order to promote the arts, Maryam Bayramalibeyova organized drama, choir, and musical clubs in the school, which apparently was a success as two of her students later became prominent Azerbaijani actresses and one became a renowned mugham singer. In 1919, Bayramalibeyova founded the Lankaran Women's Charity Association.\n Links: a. Russian literature b. Western culture c. Azerbaijani language d. Teymur Bayramalibeyov", "neg": "Question: Who established the Preslav Literary School? Passage:Slavic tribes settled in the Balkan region including North Macedonia by the late 6th century AD. During the 580s, Byzantine literature attests to the Slavs raiding Byzantine territories in the region of Macedonia, later aided by Bulgars. Historical records document that in c. 680 a group of Bulgars, Slavs and Byzantines led by a Bulgar called Kuber settled in the region of the Keramisian plain, centred on the city of Bitola, forming a second route for the Bulgar definitive settlement on the Balkan Peninsula at the end of the 7th century. Presian's reign apparently coincides with the extension of Bulgarian control over the Slavic tribes in and around Macedonia. The Slavic tribes that settled in the region of Macedonia converted to Christianity around the 9th century during the reign of Tsar Boris I of Bulgaria. The Ohrid Literary School became one of the two major cultural centres of the First Bulgarian Empire, along with the Preslav Literary School. Established in Ohrid in 886 by Saint Clement of Ohrid on the order of Boris I, the Ohrid Literary School was involved in the spreading of the Cyrillic.\n Links: a. Preslav Literary School b. Clement of Ohrid c. Clement of Ohrid d. First Bulgarian Empire", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}545{"query": "Question: What city housed teh team that the Kings defeated in five games in the first round? Passage:After easily dispatching the Utah Jazz in five games in the first round, the team started to look like a title contender, but in Game 2 against the Dallas Mavericks in the second round, their title hopes took a serious blow when star forward Chris Webber suffered a knee injury while trying to catch a lob pass from teammate Mike Bibby, ending his season. Webber's knee required microfracture surgery in the following off-season. Without their team captain and MVP, the Kings lost the series in seven games. Following the season, Hedo Türkoğlu was traded to the San Antonio Spurs, Scot Pollard was traded to the Indiana Pacers, Clark was dealt to the Utah Jazz, and Jackson signed as a free agent with the Houston Rockets.\n Links: a. 2002–03 Utah Jazz season b. 2002–03 Utah Jazz season c. 2002–03 Utah Jazz season d. 2003–04 San Antonio Spurs season", "pos": "Question: In what state did the Lakers achieve a series opening 115-109 victory? Passage:The Lakers opened the series with a 115–109 victory at the Boston Garden. In Game 2, the Lakers led 113–111 with 18 seconds left when Gerald Henderson stole a James Worthy pass to score a game tying layup and the Celtics eventually prevailed in overtime 124–121. In Game 3, the Lakers raced to an easy 137–104 victory as Magic Johnson dished out 21 assists. After the game, Larry Bird said his team played like \"sissies\" in an attempt to light a fire under his teammates. In Game 4, the Lakers had a five-point game lead with less than a minute to play, but made several execution errors as the Celtics tied the game and then came away with a 129–125 victory in overtime. The game was also marked by Celtic forward Kevin McHale's takedown of Laker forward Kurt Rambis on a breakaway layup which triggered the physical aspect of the rivalry. Kareem Abdul-Jabbar would go after Larry Bird later on in the third quarter, and 1981 Finals MVP Cedric Maxwell further antagonized the Lakers by following a missed James Worthy free throw by crossing the lane with his hands around his own neck, symbolizing that Worthy was \"choking\" under pressure. In Game 5, the Celtics took a 3–2 series lead as Larry Bird scored 34 points. The game was known as the \"Heat Game\", as it was played under 97 °F-heat, and without any air conditioning at the infamous Boston Garden. In Game 6, the Lakers evened the series with a 119–108 victory. In the game, the Lakers answered the Celtics rough tactics when Worthy shoved Cedric Maxwell into a basket support. After the game, a Laker fan threw a beer at Celtics guard M.L. Carr as he left the floor, causing him to label the series \"all-out-war.\" In Game 7, the Celtics were led by Cedric Maxwell, who had 24 points, eight rebounds, and eight assists as they came away with a 111–102 victory. In the game the Lakers rallied from a 14-point deficit to three points down with one minute remaining, when Maxwell knocked the ball away from Magic Johnson. Dennis Johnson responded by sinking two free throws to seal the Celtics' victory. Larry Bird was named MVP of the series.\n Links: a. Boston Garden b. Larry Bird c. Cedric Maxwell d. Boston Garden", "neg": "Question: What team won the NBA championship the season just after  the Lakers traded Payton and Rick Fox to the Boston Celtics? Passage:Prior to the 2004–05 season, the Lakers traded Payton and Rick Fox to the Boston Celtics for center Chris Mihm, small forward Jumaine Jones and point guard Chucky Atkins. While Payton expressed displeasure with the trade, he ultimately did report to Boston and began the 2004–05 season as the Celtics' starting point guard. On February 24, 2005 Payton was traded to the Atlanta Hawks in a deal that brought former Celtic Antoine Walker back to Boston. The Hawks then waived Payton immediately following the trade, and he returned a week later to Boston as a free agent. Payton started all 77 games he played for Boston and averaged 11.3 points per game and 6.1 assists as the Celtics won the Atlantic Division before losing in the first round to the Indiana Pacers.\n Links: a. Eastern Conference (NBA) b. 2004–05 NBA season c. Free agent d. 2004–05 NBA season", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}546{"query": "Question: What state was the university Davidson got his M.A. from located in? Passage:Levette J. Davidson was a nationally acclaimed expert in folklore, especially that of Colorado and the West. He was born in Eureka, Illinois May 16, 1894, one of four children. Because his grand uncle was past-President of Eureka College, a Christian seminary, Davidson was reared in the school's shadow with the option of becoming either a teacher or a preacher. He chose teaching and was awarded his B.A. from Eureka in 1915. A year later he received his A.M. degree from the University of Illinois where he received Phi Beta Kappa honors. In 1917 he earned his M.A. in social science and history at Harvard University. __During World War I, he served with the Tenth Infantry of the Forty-Sixth Division and also served as an army sergeant in Intelligence. Davidson and his wife Mary, also a graduate of Eureka, were married in 1918. At the end of the war, Davidson simultaneously taught and studied at the University of Michigan where he earned a Ph.D. in languages and literatures in 1922. He arrived in Denver later that year and began teaching at the University of Denver. Before arriving in Colorado, his academic specialty was eighteenth century England. Once in Denver, he realized that Western literature and folklore would be his life work. Davidson taught at the University of Denver until his death in 1957. His course topics ranged from studies of Shakespeare and other English literature, to folklore in the West. He began teaching news writing and eventually founded the journalism department at the University as well as the board of publications and the press club. He was the first faculty member elected to serve as president of the University Senate. In 1940 he became head of the English Department and from March to August 1953 he served as interim Chancellor. At the time of assuming his post, he remarked: There is hardly an organization on campus that I have not been connected with at one time or another. Davidson was named University Lecturer for 1956. Davidson was a director of the Colorado State Historical Society, the Modern Languages Association, the American Folklore Society, and the American Dialect Society. He was a charter member of the Denver Posse of the Westerners, an organization devoted to western folklore. In spare moments, Davidson conducted research, wrote outlines for plays, and authored a large number of articles. He contributed to a wide range of magazines from Western American to Shakespeare Quarterly. Additionally, Davidson authored several books on folklore. The most widely recognized is Rocky Mountain Tales, which presents regional folklore as well as true accounts of early events in the area. Levette Davidson died May 14, 1957.\n Links: a. Modern Language Association b. University of Michigan c. Harvard University d. Modern Language Association", "pos": "Question: What states did Waller receive doctorate degrees from, either earned or honorary? Passage:Waller was born on July 17, 1846. His parents were David Jewett Waller Sr. and Julia Ellmaker Waller. He was their fifth child. When young he was educated at Bloomsburg. After that he went to a classical school in a local Primitive Methodist Episcopal Church. When Waller was fourteen he was sent to a school run by Revered Gayley in the community of Media. In 1861, at the age of 15, he went to Williams College's preparatory department. However, due to sickness his education ceased for three years. In 1867, he was among the first people to graduate from the Bloomsburg Literary Institute. Waller went to Lafayette College in the autumn of 1867. He did well there and graduated from there with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1870 and a Master of Arts degree in 1873. From 1870 to 1871 he trained to be and served as a tutor in Latin and Greek. While at Lafayette College he also won the Fowler Prize, a prize of $30 granted for excellence in English philology. Waller attended the Princeton Theological Seminary from 1871 to 1872, then switched to the Union Theological Seminary and graduated from that in 1874. He received an honorary Ph.D from Lafayette College in 1880 and received a Doctor of Divinity degree from Ursinus College in 1892. Juniata College granted Waller an honorary Doctor of Laws degree in 1934.\n Links: a. David Jewett Waller Sr. b. Latin c. Doctor of Philosophy d. Media, Pennsylvania", "neg": "Question: Which university that Davidson taught at opened first? Passage:Levette J. Davidson was a nationally acclaimed expert in folklore, especially that of Colorado and the West. He was born in Eureka, Illinois May 16, 1894, one of four children. Because his grand uncle was past-President of Eureka College, a Christian seminary, Davidson was reared in the school's shadow with the option of becoming either a teacher or a preacher. He chose teaching and was awarded his B.A. from Eureka in 1915. A year later he received his A.M. degree from the University of Illinois where he received Phi Beta Kappa honors. In 1917 he earned his M.A. in social science and history at Harvard University. __During World War I, he served with the Tenth Infantry of the Forty-Sixth Division and also served as an army sergeant in Intelligence. Davidson and his wife Mary, also a graduate of Eureka, were married in 1918. At the end of the war, Davidson simultaneously taught and studied at the University of Michigan where he earned a Ph.D. in languages and literatures in 1922. He arrived in Denver later that year and began teaching at the University of Denver. Before arriving in Colorado, his academic specialty was eighteenth century England. Once in Denver, he realized that Western literature and folklore would be his life work. Davidson taught at the University of Denver until his death in 1957. His course topics ranged from studies of Shakespeare and other English literature, to folklore in the West. He began teaching news writing and eventually founded the journalism department at the University as well as the board of publications and the press club. He was the first faculty member elected to serve as president of the University Senate. In 1940 he became head of the English Department and from March to August 1953 he served as interim Chancellor. At the time of assuming his post, he remarked: There is hardly an organization on campus that I have not been connected with at one time or another. Davidson was named University Lecturer for 1956. Davidson was a director of the Colorado State Historical Society, the Modern Languages Association, the American Folklore Society, and the American Dialect Society. He was a charter member of the Denver Posse of the Westerners, an organization devoted to western folklore. In spare moments, Davidson conducted research, wrote outlines for plays, and authored a large number of articles. He contributed to a wide range of magazines from Western American to Shakespeare Quarterly. Additionally, Davidson authored several books on folklore. The most widely recognized is Rocky Mountain Tales, which presents regional folklore as well as true accounts of early events in the area. Levette Davidson died May 14, 1957.\n Links: a. University of Michigan b. University of Denver c. William Shakespeare d. Phi Beta Kappa", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}547{"query": "Question: Who owns the record company that released \"Any Ol' Barstool\"? Passage:\"Any Ol' Barstool\" is a song written by Deric Ruttan and Josh Thompson and recorded by American country music artist Jason Aldean. It was released in December 5, 2016 by Broken Bow Records as the third single from Aldean's seventh album They Don't Know (2016). \"Any Ol' Barstool\" gave Aldean his thirteenth number-one hit on the US Billboard Country Airplay chart and his eleventh top 5 hit on the Hot Country Songs chart. It also reached outside the top 50 on the Hot 100 chart. The song achieved similar chart success in Canada, reaching number one on the Canada Country chart and number 100 on the Canadian Hot 100 chart. It was certified Gold by Music Canada for selling over 40,000 units in that country. An accompanying music video for the single, directed by Shaun Silva, features Aldean playing in an empty bar against the story of a quarreling couple.\n Links: a. Billboard Hot 100 b. Deric Ruttan c. Jason Aldean d. BBR Music Group", "pos": "Question: When was the company that certified Any Ol' Barstool gold for  selling over 40,000 units founded? Passage:\"Any Ol' Barstool\" is a song written by Deric Ruttan and Josh Thompson and recorded by American country music artist Jason Aldean. It was released in December 5, 2016 by Broken Bow Records as the third single from Aldean's seventh album They Don't Know (2016). \"Any Ol' Barstool\" gave Aldean his thirteenth number-one hit on the US Billboard Country Airplay chart and his eleventh top 5 hit on the Hot Country Songs chart. It also reached outside the top 50 on the Hot 100 chart. The song achieved similar chart success in Canada, reaching number one on the Canada Country chart and number 100 on the Canadian Hot 100 chart. It was certified Gold by Music Canada for selling over 40,000 units in that country. An accompanying music video for the single, directed by Shaun Silva, features Aldean playing in an empty bar against the story of a quarreling couple.\n Links: a. Billboard Hot 100 b. Shaun Silva c. Billboard Hot 100 d. Music Canada", "neg": "Question: How old was the artist who recorded  \"Any Ol' Barstool\" when it was released? Passage:\"Any Ol' Barstool\" is a song written by Deric Ruttan and Josh Thompson and recorded by American country music artist Jason Aldean. It was released in December 5, 2016 by Broken Bow Records as the third single from Aldean's seventh album They Don't Know (2016). \"Any Ol' Barstool\" gave Aldean his thirteenth number-one hit on the US Billboard Country Airplay chart and his eleventh top 5 hit on the Hot Country Songs chart. It also reached outside the top 50 on the Hot 100 chart. The song achieved similar chart success in Canada, reaching number one on the Canada Country chart and number 100 on the Canadian Hot 100 chart. It was certified Gold by Music Canada for selling over 40,000 units in that country. An accompanying music video for the single, directed by Shaun Silva, features Aldean playing in an empty bar against the story of a quarreling couple.\n Links: a. Jason Aldean b. Jason Aldean c. Jason Aldean d. Billboard Hot 100", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}548{"query": "Question: Who was the first head coach of the team that joined the NHL in 1924? Passage:Much as was the case of the concurrent development of professional gridiron football, the Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania metropolitan area was one of the first areas to promote a professional ice hockey team. The Western Pennsylvania Hockey League began hiring professional players in 1902 and acted as a pro–am league. This league joined with teams in Michigan and Ontario to form the International Professional Hockey League in 1904, with Houghton, Michigan dentist Jack Gibson its founder. While this league had folded by 1907, it was the start of professional hockey. The United States would continue to see professional hockey with teams from the PCHL, beginning with the Portland Rosebuds, followed by a Seattle-based franchise a year later. When the Boston Bruins joined the NHL in 1924, the United States was finally represented in the league. It would continue to grow in the NHL until a peak in the 2000s (decade), when 24 of the NHL's 30 teams were in the United States (the loss of the Atlanta Thrashers to Winnipeg in 2011 reduced this number to 23; it returned to 24 American teams when the Vegas Golden Knights joined in 2017). The NHL will reach a higher peak when the Seattle expansion franchise joins the league in 2021-22 as the 25th American team. There are several other pro leagues in the US as well; as of 2019 these include the AHL, ECHL, SPHL, and FPHL. The AHL and ECHL are official minor leagues to the NHL, with the ECHL subservient to the AHL; the FPHL and SPHL operate as low-level independents.\n Links: a. Boston Bruins b. Professional football (gridiron) c. Atlanta Thrashers d. Winnipeg Jets", "pos": "Question: Who was the first head coach of the team that made it 24 American teams in the NHL? Passage:Much as was the case of the concurrent development of professional gridiron football, the Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania metropolitan area was one of the first areas to promote a professional ice hockey team. The Western Pennsylvania Hockey League began hiring professional players in 1902 and acted as a pro–am league. This league joined with teams in Michigan and Ontario to form the International Professional Hockey League in 1904, with Houghton, Michigan dentist Jack Gibson its founder. While this league had folded by 1907, it was the start of professional hockey. The United States would continue to see professional hockey with teams from the PCHL, beginning with the Portland Rosebuds, followed by a Seattle-based franchise a year later. When the Boston Bruins joined the NHL in 1924, the United States was finally represented in the league. It would continue to grow in the NHL until a peak in the 2000s (decade), when 24 of the NHL's 30 teams were in the United States (the loss of the Atlanta Thrashers to Winnipeg in 2011 reduced this number to 23; it returned to 24 American teams when the Vegas Golden Knights joined in 2017). The NHL will reach a higher peak when the Seattle expansion franchise joins the league in 2021-22 as the 25th American team. There are several other pro leagues in the US as well; as of 2019 these include the AHL, ECHL, SPHL, and FPHL. The AHL and ECHL are official minor leagues to the NHL, with the ECHL subservient to the AHL; the FPHL and SPHL operate as low-level independents.\n Links: a. Vegas Golden Knights b. Vegas Golden Knights c. International Professional Hockey League d. ECHL", "neg": "Question: When was the founder of the International Professional Hockey League born? Passage:Much as was the case of the concurrent development of professional gridiron football, the Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania metropolitan area was one of the first areas to promote a professional ice hockey team. The Western Pennsylvania Hockey League began hiring professional players in 1902 and acted as a pro–am league. This league joined with teams in Michigan and Ontario to form the International Professional Hockey League in 1904, with Houghton, Michigan dentist Jack Gibson its founder. While this league had folded by 1907, it was the start of professional hockey. The United States would continue to see professional hockey with teams from the PCHL, beginning with the Portland Rosebuds, followed by a Seattle-based franchise a year later. When the Boston Bruins joined the NHL in 1924, the United States was finally represented in the league. It would continue to grow in the NHL until a peak in the 2000s (decade), when 24 of the NHL's 30 teams were in the United States (the loss of the Atlanta Thrashers to Winnipeg in 2011 reduced this number to 23; it returned to 24 American teams when the Vegas Golden Knights joined in 2017). The NHL will reach a higher peak when the Seattle expansion franchise joins the league in 2021-22 as the 25th American team. There are several other pro leagues in the US as well; as of 2019 these include the AHL, ECHL, SPHL, and FPHL. The AHL and ECHL are official minor leagues to the NHL, with the ECHL subservient to the AHL; the FPHL and SPHL operate as low-level independents.\n Links: a. Professional football (gridiron) b. Atlanta Thrashers c. Jack Gibson (ice hockey, born 1880) d. Jack Gibson (ice hockey, born 1880)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}549{"query": "Question: What age was Vanessa Carlton when her third studio album came out? Passage:\"Hands on Me\" is a song on Vanessa Carlton's third studio album, Heroes & Thieves (2007), and is the album's second single. According to the website FMQB.com, it was released to mainstream contemporary hit radio in the United States on February 19, 2008 (see 2008 in music). It was mentioned as a possible choice for the second single in a June 2007 article in Entertainment Weekly, which wrote that it \"sounded tailor-made for a rom-com trailer coming soon to a theater near you.\" Irv Gotti, the head of Carlton's label, The Inc. Records, was quoted as saying that the song reminded him of the 1985 film The Breakfast Club.\n Links: a. Vanessa Carlton b. The Breakfast Club c. Murder Inc Records d. Single (music)", "pos": "Question: When was the record label that released Carlton's third studio album first found? Passage:\"Hands on Me\" is a song on Vanessa Carlton's third studio album, Heroes & Thieves (2007), and is the album's second single. According to the website FMQB.com, it was released to mainstream contemporary hit radio in the United States on February 19, 2008 (see 2008 in music). It was mentioned as a possible choice for the second single in a June 2007 article in Entertainment Weekly, which wrote that it \"sounded tailor-made for a rom-com trailer coming soon to a theater near you.\" Irv Gotti, the head of Carlton's label, The Inc. Records, was quoted as saying that the song reminded him of the 1985 film The Breakfast Club.\n Links: a. Murder Inc Records b. Murder Inc Records c. Contemporary hit radio d. Contemporary hit radio", "neg": "Question: What year was the person who Chantal met in the summer of 2003 born? Passage:Canadian singer-songwriter, producer and pianist Chantal Kreviazuk has written, produced and performed on albums and tracks for a wide range recording artists, spanning from adult contemporary, pop, rock, to indie and hip-hop music. Initially, she began writing her own pop songs, especially after a 1994 motorcycle accident in Italy left her immobile for several months, and was signed by Sony Canada, where she released her debut album in June 1997. Chantal later released another album in 1999, before being featured in a range of soundtracks to films and TV series. Chantal began writing for other artists in 2001, where she co-wrote the song \"Always and Forever\" for Eleanor McCain. However, it was only in 2004 that Chantal started writing for more artists and received recognition as a songwriter. In the summer of 2003, Chantal met Canadian singer-songwriter Avril Lavigne, they formed a relationship of mutual respect and sisterhood, and eventually became songwriting partners. They co-wrote six songs for Lavigne's sophomore album, Under My Skin (2004): \"Slipped Away,\" \"Forgotten,\" \"Together,\" \"How Does It Feel,\" \"He Wasn't\" and \"Who Knows.\" Kreviazuk described \"He Wasn't\" as \"a super-fun, punk, screw-you-to-boys song,\" while \"Forgotten\" is a driving rock song inspired by similarly vibed music Lavigne was consumed with at the time. Also in 2004, Chantal co-wrote \"Rich Girl\", for Gwen Stefani's solo debut album, \"Love. Angel. Music. Baby.\", along with Dr. Dre, Jerry Bock, Mark Batson, Kara DioGuardi, Mike Elizondo, Sheldon Harnick and Eve. The song became a chart success, reaching the top-ten in over fifteen countries. Chantal also wrote for Kelly Clarkson's breakthrough album \"Breakaway\" in the end of 2004, sharing writing credits for the tracks \"Where is Your Heart\" and \"Walk Away\". In 2005, Chantal's co-writing song \"He Wasn't\" was released as Lavigne's final single from \"Under My Skin\", receiving a moderate impact on the charts and reaching only the top-forty in some countries. While in 2006, Clarkson's \"Walk Away\" was released as \"Breakaway\"'s final single, reaching the top-twenty in some countries.\n Links: a. Mark Batson b. Avril Lavigne c. Breakaway (Kelly Clarkson album) d. Avril Lavigne", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}550{"query": "Question: Who was the CEO of Warner Brothers the year Retropolis Entertainment was founded? Passage:Retropolis Entertainment was founded in April 2002 by Bob Emmer, Garson Foos, and Richard Foos, three principals from Rhino Records, as the company was negotiating with the five majors for distribution. After selling Rhino to Warner Bros., the three set out to launch a new retro pop culture label. The company's first product was Red, White & Rock, a joint release with PBS station WQED that was produced with Warner Strategic Marketing. In August 2002, Retropolis acquired Biograph Records. Other early releases included blues and jazz CDs from the Biograph label, a Fats Domino CD and DVD, and several documentaries (Superstar: The Life And Times of Andy Warhol, What Happened To Kerouac?). Retroplis was renamed Shout! Factory in April 2003. At that time, Shout had signed a press and distribution agreement with Sony Music Entertainment. With the release of Freaks & Geeks in 2004, Shout! hit its stride and shifted towards a reputable and celebrated television on DVD company. That same year, they released a brand-new CD Has Been with actor William Shatner (produced by Ben Folds) and started releasing classic SCTV box sets.\n Links: a. Fats Domino b. Rhino Entertainment c. Has Been d. Warner Bros.", "pos": "Question: Who owned the record company that signed Rise Against in late 2003? Passage:In 2000, they released the self-titled demo, Transistor Revolt. Tintari left the band in the fall of that year before the recording of their full-length album. He was later replaced by Brandon Barnes of \"Pinhead Circus\". The band then signed with independent record label Fat Wreck Chords in 2001. They then released their debut album The Unraveling and spent the rest of the year touring. In 2002, Mr. Precision left and was replaced by Todd Mohney. The band returned to the studio in December 2002 to work on their second full-length album, Revolutions per Minute in 2003 and toured for the 2003 Warped Tour, which gained the band some success. Rise Against then signed to Dreamworks Records in late 2003 to begin the recording of their third record, but Dreamworks was shortly absorbed by the Universal Music Group, and Rise Against found itself with Major label Geffen Records. Todd Mohney, the band's guitarist at the time, left and was replaced by Chris Chasse and began the recording of their new album Siren Song of the Counter Culture. Siren Song of the Counter Culture was released on August 10, 2004 peaking at number 136 on the Billboard 200 album charts, gaining the band major critical and commercial success with the singles \"Give It All, \"Swing Life Away\", and \"Life Less Frightening\".\n Links: a. Billboard 200 b. Brandon Barnes c. Warped Tour d. DreamWorks Records", "neg": "Question: How much money did Sony Music Entertainment make the year Retropolis Entertainment was founded? Passage:Retropolis Entertainment was founded in April 2002 by Bob Emmer, Garson Foos, and Richard Foos, three principals from Rhino Records, as the company was negotiating with the five majors for distribution. After selling Rhino to Warner Bros., the three set out to launch a new retro pop culture label. The company's first product was Red, White & Rock, a joint release with PBS station WQED that was produced with Warner Strategic Marketing. In August 2002, Retropolis acquired Biograph Records. Other early releases included blues and jazz CDs from the Biograph label, a Fats Domino CD and DVD, and several documentaries (Superstar: The Life And Times of Andy Warhol, What Happened To Kerouac?). Retroplis was renamed Shout! Factory in April 2003. At that time, Shout had signed a press and distribution agreement with Sony Music Entertainment. With the release of Freaks & Geeks in 2004, Shout! hit its stride and shifted towards a reputable and celebrated television on DVD company. That same year, they released a brand-new CD Has Been with actor William Shatner (produced by Ben Folds) and started releasing classic SCTV box sets.\n Links: a. Second City Television b. William Shatner c. Sony Music d. William Shatner", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}551{"query": "Question: Who managed the team just prior to the current manager? Passage:The 2019–20 season is Port Vale's 108th season of football in the English Football League, and third consecutive season in EFL League Two. It is the first full season under manager John Askey and new owners Carol and Kevin Shanahan. The season covers the period from 1 July 2019 through to 30 June 2020. Askey reshaped the squad by letting 14 players go and bringing in 14 new signings, though David Amoo was the only new player in the starting eleven for the opening game of the season. They lost just one league game in six matches in August, though this was a heavy 5–2 defeat at Grimsby Town, and they also exited the EFL Cup at the first round. September saw them in indifferent form, as they picked up just one league win, though Vale did secure their place in the knockout stages of the EFL Trophy. October saw more promise, as they picked up their first away win, though were held to disappointing draws at home to struggling teams. They went on to claim five wins in six games in the month of November, including a 1–0 victory at local rivals Crewe Alexandra and wins against Milton Keynes Dons and Cheltenham Town in the FA Cup.\n Links: a. EFL Trophy b. Port Vale F.C. c. Port Vale F.C. d. Port Vale F.C.", "pos": "Question: How many teams did the Huddersfield Town loanee that replaced Paul Hayes play for? Passage:Brentford began the season with a disappointing 1–0 defeat at the hands of Walsall in the League Cup first round and hovered around mid-table in League One before coming into form in late October 2012. Summer forward signing Paul Hayes failed to produce regular goals and was replaced by Huddersfield Town loanee Jimmy Spencer, who in turn was replaced by Marcello Trotta and the Italian would remain with the Bees for the duration of the season on loan from West London rivals Fulham. Inspired by the form of attacking midfielder Harry Forrester, an unbeaten run of 9 wins and four draws in 13 matches between 23 October 2012 and 21 January 2013 firmly established the Bees as challengers for automatic promotion, rising as high as 2nd position in the table. Headway was also made in the FA Cup during the same period, with victories over Boreham Wood, Bradford City and Southend United setting up a fourth round tie versus West London neighbours Chelsea at Griffin Park on 27 January. In a match televised on ITV, Brentford twice took the lead through a quick-reaction Marcello Trotta finish and a Harry Forrester penalty, but the Premier League side ensured a replay when Fernando Torres pulled the score back to 2–2 with seven minutes remaining. Brentford were comfortably beaten 4–0 at Stamford Bridge in the replay and the match ended on a sour note when Chelsea defender David Luiz's \"sickening\" late shoulder charge on Bees midfielder Jake Reeves went unpunished and left Reeves concussed.\n Links: a. EFL Cup b. Jimmy Spencer (footballer) c. Premier League d. Boreham Wood F.C.", "neg": "Question: Which manager of Port Vale FC had the best record during the 1950s? Passage:The first confirmed non-English manager during peacetime was Jock Cameron, who held the job for a year following World War I. Freddie Steele was a highly successful manager, who took the club to their second Third Division North title in 1953–54. In 1957 Scotsman Norman Low took the managerial reins, winning the Fourth Division title in 1958–59. The next manager of note was Sir Stanley Matthews, who was full-time manager for less than a year; his resignation followed a scandal involving players' pay. Widely considered to be the club's greatest ever manager, John Rudge led the \"Valiants\" to cup glory in 1993; his best success was the league however, securing three promotions in his sixteen-year reign. Bruno Ribeiro, from Portugal, became the first manager born outside of Britain to manage the club when he was appointed as manager in June 2016.\n Links: a. Freddie Steele (footballer) b. Bruno Ribeiro c. 1953–54 Port Vale F.C. season d. Bruno Ribeiro", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}552{"query": "Question: How long had Fendalton been a suburb for when David Gould was born? Passage:Born in the Christchurch suburb of Fendalton on 19 October 1925, Gould came from a well-connected Canterbury family. His father was Derrick William Joseph Gould, a prominent businessman, racehorse owner and captain of the New Zealand polo team, and his mother was Elisabeth Mary Gould (nėe Elworthy). His paternal grandfather was George Gould, whose father, also called George Gould, was one of the founders in 1851 of the financial agents Gould Beaumont and Company that in 1919 amalgamated with two other firms to become Pyne Gould Guinness, one of New Zealand's largest stock and station agents. Other notable relatives on his father's side of the family include his father's cousin, the historian George Macdonald, and former British Labour MP Bryan Gould, who is a descendant of the elder George Gould. David's mother was a granddaughter of both Churchill Julius, the first Anglican Archbishop of New Zealand, and Edward Elworthy, an important landowner in South Canterbury. She was thus a first cousin of Charles Elworthy, Baron Elworthy, and niece of Sir George Julius and Awdry Julius.\n Links: a. George Gould (businessman) b. George Macdonald (historian) c. Fendalton d. Fendalton", "pos": "Question: What age was Joseph's father when the family arrived in Australia? Passage:Fletcher was born at Auckland, New Zealand the son of the Rev Joseph Horner Fletcher, a Methodist clergyman, and his wife Kate, née Green. The family arrived in Australia early in 1861, and, after a term of four years in Queensland (where Joseph James studied at Ipswich Grammar School), Rev. Fletcher went to Sydney to become principal of Newington College, from 1865 to 1887. J. J. Fletcher completed his schooling at Newington (1865–1867) and then went to the University of Sydney and graduating BA in 1870 and MA in 1876. In between these years he was a master at Wesley College, Melbourne, under Professor M. H. Irving. As no science degree was offered in Australia, in 1876 resigned from Wesley and went to London, initially studying at the Royal School of Mines and University College, University of London where he studied biology and took his BSc degree there in 1879. He studied for a time at Cambridge and in 1881 published his first paper.\n Links: a. University of Sydney b. Bachelor of Arts c. Joseph Horner Fletcher d. Newington College", "neg": "Question: What is the population of the town where Gawler established his own firm? Passage:Gawler was born in Adelaide, South Australia, to Caroline (née Philpot) and Henry Gawler. His grandfather, George Gawler, was the second Governor of South Australia. Gawler attended St Peter's College, Adelaide, and then studied law at the University of Adelaide. Gawler was called to the bar in South Australia in 1886, and left for Western Australia later that year, establishing his own firm in Perth. At one time, he was in partnership with Robert Bruce Burnside, a future Supreme Court justice. Having previously served on the Peppermint Grove Road Board for a period, Gawler was elected to parliament at a 1910 Legislative Council by-election, which had been caused by the resignation of Walter Kingsmill. He died in office in May 1915 (aged 54), of typhoid fever. He had married Eva Mary Waldeck in 1893, with whom he had four children.\n Links: a. Perth b. Shire of Peppermint Grove c. St Peter's College, Adelaide d. Typhoid fever", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}553{"query": "Question: How many different countries are the Dinaric Alps in? Passage:Vranica is a mountain range in the Dinaric Alps of central Bosnia and Herzegovina, located between the town of Gornji Vakuf in the west and the town of Fojnica in the east, within the territory of the Federation. The highest peak is Nadkrstac at . Geologically, the Vranica range is part of the Dinaric Alps and formed largely of secondary and tertiary sedimentary rock, mostly limestone. Notable peaks are Nadkrstac (2110 m.), Locika (2106 m.), Rosinj (2059 m.) and Scit (1949 m.). Thick shrubs of Pinus Mugo replace mixed forest -mostly beech- above 1400 m. The typical karst characteristics of the nearby Herzegovina mountains is relatively absent in Vranica, which has relatively abundant water sources. Streams that source from these mountains are the Dragača in the east, the Vrbas in the west. \n Links: a. Pine b. Fojnica c. Dinaric Alps d. Fojnica", "pos": "Question: Who is the president of Bosnia and Herzegovina? Passage:Vranica is a mountain range in the Dinaric Alps of central Bosnia and Herzegovina, located between the town of Gornji Vakuf in the west and the town of Fojnica in the east, within the territory of the Federation. The highest peak is Nadkrstac at . Geologically, the Vranica range is part of the Dinaric Alps and formed largely of secondary and tertiary sedimentary rock, mostly limestone. Notable peaks are Nadkrstac (2110 m.), Locika (2106 m.), Rosinj (2059 m.) and Scit (1949 m.). Thick shrubs of Pinus Mugo replace mixed forest -mostly beech- above 1400 m. The typical karst characteristics of the nearby Herzegovina mountains is relatively absent in Vranica, which has relatively abundant water sources. Streams that source from these mountains are the Dragača in the east, the Vrbas in the west. \n Links: a. Mountain b. Dinaric Alps c. Bosnia and Herzegovina d. Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina", "neg": "Question: How many countries total were included in the Treaty? Passage:The garden already existed at least in the early 18th century. During the Austrian occupation of northern Serbia 1717-39, several hospitals were established in Belgrade, including the Great military hospital. Based on the Austrian plans, the hospital was set outside of the Belgrade Fortress (\"Danubian\" or \"German Belgrade\"), in the Serbian part of the city. As shown on the map of Belgrade by Nicolas François de Spar, the Tsarigrad Road began at the Württemberg Gate (Stambol Gate), at the modern Republic Square, and headed towards \"Marko's cemetery\" in Tašmajdan. The hospital was situated on the road's right side, where the modern Stari Dvor is located. Behind the hospital there was a large garden, predecessor of the modern park, and further behind it, across the road was the military cemetery. Later \"Marko's market\" developed on the spot and today it is the area surrounding the House of the National Assembly of Serbia. After Austria lost the Austro-Turkish War of 1737–1739, the northern Serbia, including Belgrade, was returned to the Turks. One of the provisions of the 1739 Treaty of Belgrade stated that Austria had to demolish all the fortifications and military and civilian buildings it has constructed during the occupation. Many Baroque buildings were demolished. However, Austria didn't demolish the buildings outside of the fortress walls, including the Great military hospital, which, albeit as a ruin, survived until the next Austrian occupation in 1788.\n Links: a. Kingdom of Serbia (1718–39) b. Treaty of Belgrade c. Belgrade Fortress d. Russo-Turkish War (1735–1739)", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}554{"query": "Question: With what team did the player who threw out the runner initially sign out of high school? Passage:Both Blackburn and Danks held the game scoreless early on, allowing only six baserunners through the first four innings of the game. The Twins' Michael Cuddyer led off the top of the fifth with a double, the only Twins runner in scoring position for the entire game. Danks induced a deep flyball out from Delmon Young, which allowed Cuddyer to advance to third. Brendan Harris hit a deep flyball to center field which was caught for an out by Ken Griffey, Jr. Cuddyer tried to score on the ball as a sacrifice fly, but Griffey delivered an accurate throw to home plate and White Sox catcher A. J. Pierzynski blocked the plate and tagged out Cuddyer to end the inning. This play drew praise after the game as a \"nice throw\" and a \"defensive gem\".\n Links: a. Baseball field b. Base running c. Ken Griffey Jr. d. Base running", "pos": "Question: What position did the player that got injured and whom Janish replaced play? Passage:Janish recorded a game-winning hit in his first major league game and second major league at-bat. Janish had been called up that day to replace an injured Jeff Keppinger. The Reds had blown a six-run lead in the top of the 9th inning of a May 14, , game against the Florida Marlins. With the score tied at 6, Janish hit an RBI single against Renyel Pinto to score Johnny Cueto for the game winner. It was the first time a player had gotten a walk-off in his major league debut since Miguel Cabrera in 2003, and the first time a player had gotten a game-winning hit for his first hit since Randy Keisler in 2005. On May 18, 2008, Janish got his first major league start at shortstop. He went 3-3 with a walk as the Reds won 6-4 against the Cleveland Indians and then major league leader in ERA Cliff Lee. He delivered another clutch hit, getting a pinch-hit 2-run single to break the 7-7 tie in the 11th inning of the 18-inning game between the Reds and the San Diego Padres on May 25. The Reds lost 12-9. On June 26, the Reds optioned Janish to Louisville to make room for Jerry Hairston, Jr., who had been activated from the disabled list.\n Links: a. Earned run average b. Single (baseball) c. Jeff Keppinger d. Single (baseball)", "neg": "Question: Who has the most career home runs, the player who threw out Cuddyer or the player who tagged him? Passage:Both Blackburn and Danks held the game scoreless early on, allowing only six baserunners through the first four innings of the game. The Twins' Michael Cuddyer led off the top of the fifth with a double, the only Twins runner in scoring position for the entire game. Danks induced a deep flyball out from Delmon Young, which allowed Cuddyer to advance to third. Brendan Harris hit a deep flyball to center field which was caught for an out by Ken Griffey, Jr. Cuddyer tried to score on the ball as a sacrifice fly, but Griffey delivered an accurate throw to home plate and White Sox catcher A. J. Pierzynski blocked the plate and tagged out Cuddyer to end the inning. This play drew praise after the game as a \"nice throw\" and a \"defensive gem\".\n Links: a. Scoring position b. Baseball field c. Baseball field d. Ken Griffey Jr.", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}555{"query": "Question: What country was Ito born in? Passage:Ito was born in Osaka Prefecture on May 28, 1978. After graduating from high school, he joined Regional Leagues club Nagoya SC in 1997. In 1999, he moved to newly was promoted to J2 League club, Ventforet Kofu. Although he could not play at all in the match behind Takehisa Sakamoto, he became a regular goalkeeper from late 1999. However the club finished at bottom place for 2 years in a row (1999-2000). In 2001, he moved to J2 club Shonan Bellmare. However he could hardly play in the match behind Yuji Ito and Masahito Suzuki. In 2003, he moved to J1 club Cerezo Osaka. However he could not play at all in the match behind Seigo Shimokawa and Daisuke Tada in 2003. In 2004, he played many matches as regular goalkeeper. However he could hardly play in the match behind new member Motohiro Yoshida in 2005. In 2006, he moved to J2 club Shonan Bellmare for the first time in 4 years. Although he played many matches as regular goalkeeper in 2006, he could not play at all in the match behind newcomer Kim Yeong-gi from 2007 and retired end of 2009 season. However he came back as player in 2010 because many goalkeeper got hurt. However he did not play the match and retired end of 2010 season.\n Links: a. Ventforet Kofu b. Seigo Shimokawa c. 2000 J.League Division 2 d. Osaka Prefecture", "pos": "Question: How many clubs were part of the Regional Leagues the year that Ito joined Nagoya SC? Passage:Ito was born in Osaka Prefecture on May 28, 1978. After graduating from high school, he joined Regional Leagues club Nagoya SC in 1997. In 1999, he moved to newly was promoted to J2 League club, Ventforet Kofu. Although he could not play at all in the match behind Takehisa Sakamoto, he became a regular goalkeeper from late 1999. However the club finished at bottom place for 2 years in a row (1999-2000). In 2001, he moved to J2 club Shonan Bellmare. However he could hardly play in the match behind Yuji Ito and Masahito Suzuki. In 2003, he moved to J1 club Cerezo Osaka. However he could not play at all in the match behind Seigo Shimokawa and Daisuke Tada in 2003. In 2004, he played many matches as regular goalkeeper. However he could hardly play in the match behind new member Motohiro Yoshida in 2005. In 2006, he moved to J2 club Shonan Bellmare for the first time in 4 years. Although he played many matches as regular goalkeeper in 2006, he could not play at all in the match behind newcomer Kim Yeong-gi from 2007 and retired end of 2009 season. However he came back as player in 2010 because many goalkeeper got hurt. However he did not play the match and retired end of 2010 season.\n Links: a. Shonan Bellmare b. Motohiro Yoshida c. Masahito Suzuki (footballer) d. Japanese Regional Leagues", "neg": "Question: What record did Nagoya SC have the year that Ito joined the club? Passage:Ito was born in Osaka Prefecture on May 28, 1978. After graduating from high school, he joined Regional Leagues club Nagoya SC in 1997. In 1999, he moved to newly was promoted to J2 League club, Ventforet Kofu. Although he could not play at all in the match behind Takehisa Sakamoto, he became a regular goalkeeper from late 1999. However the club finished at bottom place for 2 years in a row (1999-2000). In 2001, he moved to J2 club Shonan Bellmare. However he could hardly play in the match behind Yuji Ito and Masahito Suzuki. In 2003, he moved to J1 club Cerezo Osaka. However he could not play at all in the match behind Seigo Shimokawa and Daisuke Tada in 2003. In 2004, he played many matches as regular goalkeeper. However he could hardly play in the match behind new member Motohiro Yoshida in 2005. In 2006, he moved to J2 club Shonan Bellmare for the first time in 4 years. Although he played many matches as regular goalkeeper in 2006, he could not play at all in the match behind newcomer Kim Yeong-gi from 2007 and retired end of 2009 season. However he came back as player in 2010 because many goalkeeper got hurt. However he did not play the match and retired end of 2010 season.\n Links: a. Nagoya SC b. Motohiro Yoshida c. Takehisa Sakamoto d. Cerezo Osaka", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}556{"query": "Question: How many Canadian soldiers were serving active duty the year Morris was invalided out of the Canadian Army? Passage:Leaving Collurian he worked as a porter at Penzance railway station for the Great Western Railway and with the free pass, that was part of his entitlement, he travelled to London to search for a post as a journalist. He landed his first job with The Dairy Farmer and later Farmers Weekly. He travelled to the West Indies in 1939 and Canada where he joined the Canadian Army at the outbreak of World War II, but was invalided out in 1941. Back in Britain, he started as a sub-editor on the Daily Express, and later as a personal assistant to Manny Shinwell, a Labour MP, writing speeches for members of the party. In 1949 he became political columnist for the Daily Mirror, and unsuccessfully standing as a Labour party candidate for Bristol West in 1950 and 1951.\n Links: a. Canadian Army b. Canadian Army c. Farmers Weekly d. Daily Mirror", "pos": "Question: What job did Manny Shinwell hold the year Morris went to the West Indies? Passage:Leaving Collurian he worked as a porter at Penzance railway station for the Great Western Railway and with the free pass, that was part of his entitlement, he travelled to London to search for a post as a journalist. He landed his first job with The Dairy Farmer and later Farmers Weekly. He travelled to the West Indies in 1939 and Canada where he joined the Canadian Army at the outbreak of World War II, but was invalided out in 1941. Back in Britain, he started as a sub-editor on the Daily Express, and later as a personal assistant to Manny Shinwell, a Labour MP, writing speeches for members of the party. In 1949 he became political columnist for the Daily Mirror, and unsuccessfully standing as a Labour party candidate for Bristol West in 1950 and 1951.\n Links: a. Manny Shinwell b. Manny Shinwell c. Farmers Weekly d. Canadian Army", "neg": "Question: How many citizens did Canada have the year Morris traveled to the West Indies? Passage:Leaving Collurian he worked as a porter at Penzance railway station for the Great Western Railway and with the free pass, that was part of his entitlement, he travelled to London to search for a post as a journalist. He landed his first job with The Dairy Farmer and later Farmers Weekly. He travelled to the West Indies in 1939 and Canada where he joined the Canadian Army at the outbreak of World War II, but was invalided out in 1941. Back in Britain, he started as a sub-editor on the Daily Express, and later as a personal assistant to Manny Shinwell, a Labour MP, writing speeches for members of the party. In 1949 he became political columnist for the Daily Mirror, and unsuccessfully standing as a Labour party candidate for Bristol West in 1950 and 1951.\n Links: a. Daily Express b. Great Western Railway c. Farmers Weekly d. Canada", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}557{"query": "Question: Who was older the year Culberson signed with the Dodgers, Dave Roberts or Boone Logan? Passage:Culberson was signed by the Dodgers in November 2015 and invited to spring training, where he impressed new Dodgers manager Dave Roberts. After an injury to Howie Kendrick opened a spot for him, Culberson made the Dodgers 2016 Opening Day roster. He was designated for assignment in July and optioned to the Oklahoma City Dodgers, then recalled a month later. Culberson ended the big club's final home game of the season with a walk-off home run against former Rockies teammate Boone Logan, clinching the Dodgers' fourth consecutive National League West division title. He played in 34 games for Los Angeles, hitting .284 and in 70 games for Oklahoma City, hitting .260. He had no hits in seven at-bats with two strikeouts in the 2016 National League Division Series. He was outrighted to the minors and removed from the 40-man roster on December 9, 2016. He was assigned to Oklahoma City to begin the season. He remained in the minors for the conclusion of the AAA season, hitting .250 in 108 games and returned to the majors with the Dodgers on September 4. In 15 games for the Dodgers, he hit .154 with two hits in 13 at-bats. When starting shortstop Corey Seager was left off of the 2017 NLCS roster because of a back injury, Culberson was added to the post-season roster. He appeared in all five games of the series, with five hits in 11 at-bats for a .455 average. In the 2017 World Series, Culberson had three hits in five at-bats, including his first career post-season home run, which he hit off Chris Devenski of the Houston Astros in the 11th inning of Game Two.\n Links: a. Dave Roberts (outfielder) b. Houston Astros c. Houston Astros d. Boone Logan", "pos": "Question: How long had Dave Roberts been manager for the year Culberson was signed to the Dodgers? Passage:Culberson was signed by the Dodgers in November 2015 and invited to spring training, where he impressed new Dodgers manager Dave Roberts. After an injury to Howie Kendrick opened a spot for him, Culberson made the Dodgers 2016 Opening Day roster. He was designated for assignment in July and optioned to the Oklahoma City Dodgers, then recalled a month later. Culberson ended the big club's final home game of the season with a walk-off home run against former Rockies teammate Boone Logan, clinching the Dodgers' fourth consecutive National League West division title. He played in 34 games for Los Angeles, hitting .284 and in 70 games for Oklahoma City, hitting .260. He had no hits in seven at-bats with two strikeouts in the 2016 National League Division Series. He was outrighted to the minors and removed from the 40-man roster on December 9, 2016. He was assigned to Oklahoma City to begin the season. He remained in the minors for the conclusion of the AAA season, hitting .250 in 108 games and returned to the majors with the Dodgers on September 4. In 15 games for the Dodgers, he hit .154 with two hits in 13 at-bats. When starting shortstop Corey Seager was left off of the 2017 NLCS roster because of a back injury, Culberson was added to the post-season roster. He appeared in all five games of the series, with five hits in 11 at-bats for a .455 average. In the 2017 World Series, Culberson had three hits in five at-bats, including his first career post-season home run, which he hit off Chris Devenski of the Houston Astros in the 11th inning of Game Two.\n Links: a. Corey Seager b. Oklahoma City Dodgers c. Houston Astros d. Dave Roberts (outfielder)", "neg": "Question: How old was Dave Roberts the year Culberson was signed to the Dodgers? Passage:Culberson was signed by the Dodgers in November 2015 and invited to spring training, where he impressed new Dodgers manager Dave Roberts. After an injury to Howie Kendrick opened a spot for him, Culberson made the Dodgers 2016 Opening Day roster. He was designated for assignment in July and optioned to the Oklahoma City Dodgers, then recalled a month later. Culberson ended the big club's final home game of the season with a walk-off home run against former Rockies teammate Boone Logan, clinching the Dodgers' fourth consecutive National League West division title. He played in 34 games for Los Angeles, hitting .284 and in 70 games for Oklahoma City, hitting .260. He had no hits in seven at-bats with two strikeouts in the 2016 National League Division Series. He was outrighted to the minors and removed from the 40-man roster on December 9, 2016. He was assigned to Oklahoma City to begin the season. He remained in the minors for the conclusion of the AAA season, hitting .250 in 108 games and returned to the majors with the Dodgers on September 4. In 15 games for the Dodgers, he hit .154 with two hits in 13 at-bats. When starting shortstop Corey Seager was left off of the 2017 NLCS roster because of a back injury, Culberson was added to the post-season roster. He appeared in all five games of the series, with five hits in 11 at-bats for a .455 average. In the 2017 World Series, Culberson had three hits in five at-bats, including his first career post-season home run, which he hit off Chris Devenski of the Houston Astros in the 11th inning of Game Two.\n Links: a. 2017 World Series b. Dave Roberts (outfielder) c. National League West d. Opening Day", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}558{"query": "Question: How many people live in the country just to the south of Peru? Passage:Peru – country located in western South America, on the Pacific Coast, north of Chile. Peruvian territory was home to several ancient cultures. Ranging from the Norte Chico civilization in the 32nd century BC, the oldest civilization in the Americas and one of the five cradles of civilization, to the Inca Empire, the largest state in pre-Columbian America, the territory now including Peru has one of the longest histories of civilization of any country, tracing its heritage back to the 4th millennia BCE. The Spanish Empire conquered the region in the 16th century and established a Viceroyalty, which included most of its South American colonies. After achieving independence in 1821, Peru has undergone periods of political unrest and fiscal crisis as well as periods of stability and economic upswing.\n Links: a. Pacific coast b. Chile c. Peru d. Peru", "pos": "Question: How tall is the Serranía de Baudó mountain chain? Passage:The Coiba Plate is a small tectonic plate (a microplate) located off the coasts south of Panama and northwestern Colombia. It is named after Coiba, the largest island of Central America, just north of the plate offshore southern Panama. It is bounded on the west by the Cocos Plate, on the south by the Malpelo Plate, on the east by the North Andes Plate, and on the north by the Panama Plate. This microplate was previously assumed to be part of the Nazca Plate, forming the northeastern tongue of the Nazca Plate together with the Malpelo Plate. Bordering the Coiba Plate on the east are the north-south striking Bahía Solano Fault and east of that, the Serranía de Baudó, an isolated mountain chain in northwestern Chocó, Colombia.\n Links: a. Panama Plate b. Serranía del Baudó c. Panama Plate d. Malpelo Plate", "neg": "Question: What country is the Platine region found within? Passage:The consumption of yerba mate became widespread in the Spanish colony of Paraguay in the late 16th century both among Spanish settlers and indigenous Guaraní people, who had to some extent consumed it before the Spanish arrival. Mate consumption spread in the 17th century to the Platine region and from there to Chile and Peru. This widespread consumption turned it into Paraguay’s main commodity above other wares like tobacco, and Indian labour was used to harvest wild stands. In the mid 17th century Jesuits managed to domesticate the plant and establish plantations in their Indian reductions in Misiones, sparking severe competition with the Paraguayan harvesters of wild stands. After the expulsion of the Jesuits in the 1770s their plantations fell into decay as did their domestication secrets. The industry continued to be of prime importance for the Paraguayan economy after independence, but development in benefit of the Paraguayan state halted after the Paraguayan War (1864–1870) which devastated the country both economically and demographically. Brazil then became the prime producer of yerba mate. In Brazilian and Argentine projects in late 19th and early 20th century the plant was domesticated once again opening the way for modern plantation systems. When Brazilian entrepreneurs turned their attention to coffee in the 1930s Argentina, which had long been the prime consumer, took over as the largest producer, resurrecting Misiones Province where the Jesuits had once had most of their plantations. However, the coffee production regions in Brazil are distinct from the mate plantations. According to FAO in 2012, Brazil is the biggest producer of mate in the world with 513,256 MT (58%), followed by Argentina with 290,000 MT (32%) and Paraguay with 85,490 MT (10%).\n Links: a. Río de la Plata Basin b. Society of Jesus c. Río de la Plata Basin d. Yerba mate", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}559{"query": "Question: Who was the player of the year in the conference that Collins made first team of in 2008-09? Passage:Collins was the top returning scorer for the 2008–09 Kansas Jayhawks men's basketball team his junior year; every starter from the previous year's National Championship team graduated or departed for the NBA. Collins was on the early season Top 50 watchlist for the Naismith Award. He was also selected as being among the 17 Bob Cousy Award finalists, the Top 30 midseason Wooden Award candidates, the Top 30 midseason Naismith Award candidates and the Top 15 Oscar Robertson Trophy candidates. The team captain and vocal leader of the team, Collins was awarded the team's Danny Manning MVP award with Cole Aldrich following the season. Collins led the 2008–09 Jayhawks in points, minutes, assists and free-throw percentage. He led the team in scoring in 27 games, including the final 10 of the season. In the Big 12, he ranked third in scoring and fourth in assists. Collins made 35 consecutive free-throws over an eight-game span from January 10 – February 2 to set KU's all-time record. Over the course of the season he was named Big 12 Player of the Week three times. He was a unanimous selection to the 2008–09 Big 12 All-conference first team. He was a second-team 2009 NCAA Men's Basketball All-American by the United States Basketball Writers Association (USBW) and the National Association of Basketball Coaches (NABC) and was a third-team All America selection by the Associated Press and The Sporting News. On Monday, April 13, Collins announced that he would return to KU for his senior season.\n Links: a. United States Basketball Writers Association b. 2008–09 Big 12 Conference men's basketball season c. National Association of Basketball Coaches d. Oscar Robertson Trophy", "pos": "Question: Which two teams play in the annual game that Lockett took part in on October 22? Passage:He had hoped to redshirt during the 2011 season, which was his freshman year, so that he could add size. He played in 2011 as a true freshman and got off to a modest start. Lockett only recorded four receptions for 50 yards, three rushes for nine yards, one kickoff return for ten yards, and two punt returns for a total of 13 yards in his first five games through October 8. Things started to turn around on October 15 when he posted a 100-yard return of a kickoff for a touchdown against Texas Tech. Over the ensuing weeks, he earned numerous Big 12 Conference honors for the 2011 team, including becoming a two-time Big 12 Special Teams Player of the Week. His first Player of the Week recognition came on October 24 after he produced a 251-yard all-purpose yards performance on October 22 against Kansas in the Governor's Cup that included posting a 97-yard kickoff return touchdown while becoming the first player in school history to return kickoffs for touchdowns in consecutive games and having a career-high five-reception 110-yard receiving day. His other Player of the Week recognition that season came on November 7 after a 315-yard all-purpose yard November 5 game against Oklahoma State that included an 80-yard kickoff return and three rushes for 84 yards as well as three receptions for 32 yards and a touchdown. Due to what was at first an undisclosed injury, he did not play in the final three games of Kansas State's regular season. Later, the injury was determined to be a lacerated kidney. In the four games before the injury, he had at least three receptions and 125 all-purpose yards in each game.\n Links: a. 2011 Kansas Jayhawks football team b. Kansas–Kansas State football rivalry c. 2011 Kansas Jayhawks football team d. 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season", "neg": "Question: What other schools were members of the conference in which Kansas State competed in basketball in 2009-10? Passage:The 2009–10 Kansas State Wildcats men's basketball team represented Kansas State University in the 2009–10 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The head coach was Frank Martin, who served his 3rd year at the helm of the Wildcats. The team played its home games in Bramlage Coliseum in Manhattan, Kansas. Kansas State is a member of the Big 12 Conference. The Wildcats began conference play with a trip to Columbia, Missouri and faced the Missouri Tigers and finished the year with a home game against the Iowa State Cyclones. They finished the season 29–8 and ranked #7 in the AP Poll and the ESPN/USA Today Coaches' Poll. They lost to the rival Kansas Jayhawks in the finals of the Big 12 Tournament, 72–64.\n Links: a. Big 12 Conference b. AP Poll c. Coaches Poll d. Big 12 Conference", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}560{"query": "Question: Where any singles released from the album Strings? Passage:In 1990 the band signed with EMI Records and released their debut album, Strings. Their initial experiments with synthesised sounds and rhythms were not immediately recognised, although Strings sold 20,000 copies during its first week after release. Two years later the band released their second album, 2, which included the critically acclaimed single \"Sar Kiye Yeh Pahar\". The song was first aired on MTV Asia, and led the band to widespread fame. After the release of 2, the quartet disbanded to focus on their studies and careers. In 2000 Maqsood and Kapadia released Duur, which revived the band's popularity, and followed it with Dhaani in 2003. This album included the single \"Najane Kyun\", which was part of the soundtrack for the Hollywood film Spider-Man 2. Following Junoon and Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, Strings went to India (where they found remixes of one of their early songs playing in clubs). In 2008 Strings released their fifth album, Koi Aanay Wala Hai, with the singles \"Yeh Hai Meri Kahani\" and \"Aakhri Alvida\" (included on the soundtracks for Bollywood's Zinda and Shootout at Lokhandwala). The album was co-produced by Bollywood actor John Abraham, and was successful in Pakistan and India.\n Links: a. Shootout at Lokhandwala b. EMI Records c. Strings (Strings album) d. Junoon (band)", "pos": "Question: What other songs were featured on the Spider-Man 2 soundtrack? Passage:In 1990 the band signed with EMI Records and released their debut album, Strings. Their initial experiments with synthesised sounds and rhythms were not immediately recognised, although Strings sold 20,000 copies during its first week after release. Two years later the band released their second album, 2, which included the critically acclaimed single \"Sar Kiye Yeh Pahar\". The song was first aired on MTV Asia, and led the band to widespread fame. After the release of 2, the quartet disbanded to focus on their studies and careers. In 2000 Maqsood and Kapadia released Duur, which revived the band's popularity, and followed it with Dhaani in 2003. This album included the single \"Najane Kyun\", which was part of the soundtrack for the Hollywood film Spider-Man 2. Following Junoon and Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, Strings went to India (where they found remixes of one of their early songs playing in clubs). In 2008 Strings released their fifth album, Koi Aanay Wala Hai, with the singles \"Yeh Hai Meri Kahani\" and \"Aakhri Alvida\" (included on the soundtracks for Bollywood's Zinda and Shootout at Lokhandwala). The album was co-produced by Bollywood actor John Abraham, and was successful in Pakistan and India.\n Links: a. Duur b. Zinda (film) c. Spider-Man 2 d. Spider-Man 2", "neg": "Question: Was the bands second album also released by EMI Records? Passage:In 1990 the band signed with EMI Records and released their debut album, Strings. Their initial experiments with synthesised sounds and rhythms were not immediately recognised, although Strings sold 20,000 copies during its first week after release. Two years later the band released their second album, 2, which included the critically acclaimed single \"Sar Kiye Yeh Pahar\". The song was first aired on MTV Asia, and led the band to widespread fame. After the release of 2, the quartet disbanded to focus on their studies and careers. In 2000 Maqsood and Kapadia released Duur, which revived the band's popularity, and followed it with Dhaani in 2003. This album included the single \"Najane Kyun\", which was part of the soundtrack for the Hollywood film Spider-Man 2. Following Junoon and Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, Strings went to India (where they found remixes of one of their early songs playing in clubs). In 2008 Strings released their fifth album, Koi Aanay Wala Hai, with the singles \"Yeh Hai Meri Kahani\" and \"Aakhri Alvida\" (included on the soundtracks for Bollywood's Zinda and Shootout at Lokhandwala). The album was co-produced by Bollywood actor John Abraham, and was successful in Pakistan and India.\n Links: a. 2 (Strings album) b. EMI Records c. Dhaani d. Dhaani", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}561{"query": "Question: Did Olson win better than third place in either of the 24 hour races he competed in? Passage:Olson made one CART World Series start in 1983 at Road America. In 1984 he drove in three Can-Am races, an IMSA GT Championship race and two World Endurance Championship races, including the 1984 24 Hours of Le Mans where he was caught up in the debris field of his Aston Martin teammate John Sheldon's crash that killed a track worker. In 1985 he won three races with Dyson Racing in IMSA Camel GTP, the team's first, in a Porsche 962. 1986 saw Olson continue in IMSA GTP with Dyson and Preston Henn fielding his entries. That year he also competed in the 1986 24 Hours of Le Mans, co-driving a Rothmans Porsche factory 962 with Vern Schuppan. Olson was away from racing after that until 1989 when he returned with the All American Racers Toyota 88C factory team in IMSA GTP. He won two poles and finished ninth in points. 1990 would be his final year of professional racing as he finished tenth in GTP points with three poles for All American Racers in their Eagle HF89.\n Links: a. Can-Am b. World Sportscar Championship c. 1984 24 Hours of Le Mans d. Preston Henn", "pos": "Question: Who founded the company that made the car that was crashed by John Sheldon? Passage:Olson made one CART World Series start in 1983 at Road America. In 1984 he drove in three Can-Am races, an IMSA GT Championship race and two World Endurance Championship races, including the 1984 24 Hours of Le Mans where he was caught up in the debris field of his Aston Martin teammate John Sheldon's crash that killed a track worker. In 1985 he won three races with Dyson Racing in IMSA Camel GTP, the team's first, in a Porsche 962. 1986 saw Olson continue in IMSA GTP with Dyson and Preston Henn fielding his entries. That year he also competed in the 1986 24 Hours of Le Mans, co-driving a Rothmans Porsche factory 962 with Vern Schuppan. Olson was away from racing after that until 1989 when he returned with the All American Racers Toyota 88C factory team in IMSA GTP. He won two poles and finished ninth in points. 1990 would be his final year of professional racing as he finished tenth in GTP points with three poles for All American Racers in their Eagle HF89.\n Links: a. Preston Henn b. All American Racers c. Aston Martin d. Vern Schuppan", "neg": "Question: Did the same person win any of the races Olson drove in during 1984? Passage:Olson made one CART World Series start in 1983 at Road America. In 1984 he drove in three Can-Am races, an IMSA GT Championship race and two World Endurance Championship races, including the 1984 24 Hours of Le Mans where he was caught up in the debris field of his Aston Martin teammate John Sheldon's crash that killed a track worker. In 1985 he won three races with Dyson Racing in IMSA Camel GTP, the team's first, in a Porsche 962. 1986 saw Olson continue in IMSA GTP with Dyson and Preston Henn fielding his entries. That year he also competed in the 1986 24 Hours of Le Mans, co-driving a Rothmans Porsche factory 962 with Vern Schuppan. Olson was away from racing after that until 1989 when he returned with the All American Racers Toyota 88C factory team in IMSA GTP. He won two poles and finished ninth in points. 1990 would be his final year of professional racing as he finished tenth in GTP points with three poles for All American Racers in their Eagle HF89.\n Links: a. All American Racers b. Toyota 88C c. Vern Schuppan d. Can-Am", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}562{"query": "Question: Do the Lenape Native Americans still live in Palmer Township? Passage:The first known inhabitants of the area now known as Palmer Township were the Lenape Native Americans in the 17th century. German Moravian settlers built on land in the Palmer area in 1740. At the time, the area was part of Bucks County, Pennsylvania, which by the mid-18th century also included land now called Northampton County and Lehigh County. Northampton County separated from Bucks County on March 11, 1752. In 1754, Forks Township, which then also consisted of what is now Palmer Township, was incorporated in 1754 with a total population of about 50 inhabitants. On May 5, 1857, Palmer Township was formed out of the land area of Forks Township south and west of the Bushkill Creek; the original population of the township was about 1,300 people. The township was named after George Palmer, the Pennsylvania Surveyor General who surveyed the original township lines. At the time that it was incorporated, the township was about and included what are now known as the boroughs of Tatamy (which became incorporated in 1893), West Easton (incorporated in 1898), Stockertown (incorporated in 1901) and Wilson (incorporated in 1920). The main activity of Palmer Township during its earliest years was providing access roads from the neighboring city Easton to surrounding communities, including Bethlehem, Freemansburg and Nazareth.\n Links: a. Northampton County, Pennsylvania b. Lenape c. Nazareth, Pennsylvania d. Lenape", "pos": "Question: Which is farther from Moore Township, Allentown or Easton? Passage:According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of , of which is land and , or 0.08%, is water. Geophysically, it is located within the great bend or kink of the lower Lehigh River mouth region due north of the cities of Allentown, NNW of Bethlehem and due west of Easton, Pennsylvania (on the mouth of the Lehigh). Moore Twp. contains one riverine drainage divide such that to the west it is drained into the Delaware River via historic Catasauqua Creek, Monocacy and especially Hokendauqua creeks, all of which originate in the township and are tributaries of the Lehigh River, and by the south and east draining Bushkill Creek tributary of the Delaware River (upper right corner of map above and right). Its landscapes compose the foothills south of its natural northern boundary — the over long Blue Mountain barrier ridge.\n Links: a. Catasauqua Creek b. Allentown, Pennsylvania c. Monocacy Creek (Lehigh River tributary) d. Blue Mountain (Pennsylvania)", "neg": "Question: Which of towns Tatamy lived near has the highest population? Passage:Tashawaylennahan was born around 1690 in New Jersey and was a translator and guide for the early settlers of New Jersey and Pennsylvania in the early 18th century. He lived near what is now Stockertown, Pennsylvania and Forks Township, Northampton County, Pennsylvania, north of Easton, Pennsylvania in the Lehigh Valley, along the Delaware River. He moved from New Jersey as early as 1733. The Lenape were displaced from their land by the Walking Purchase, but on April 28, 1738 Tatamy was given by John, Thomas and Richard Penn, the descendants of William Penn. Worried that he would be displaced from his land, he formally purchased it in 1741 for 48 pounds, 16 shillings, and 5 pence. This made him the first native-born individual to make a formal purchase of land in Pennsylvania. After the Native Americans were forced to leave the Lehigh Valley, Tatamy petitioned the Pennsylvania Provincial Council for the right to remain on his land. In 1745, Tatamy was the first Native American baptized by David Brainerd. He died in 1760 and around 1780, Tatamy's neighbors, Henry and Matthias Stecher, claimed the property, and transferred it to William Allen. Tatamy's widow was listed on the 1790 United States Census.\n Links: a. Stockertown, Pennsylvania b. Pennsylvania Provincial Council c. William Penn d. Walking Purchase", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}563{"query": "Question: Which football club won more games during the 2017-18 season, Albanian Superliga or Skënderbeu Korçë? Passage:On 7 September 2017, Flamurtari Vlorë manager Shpëtim Duro confirmed that Položani is going to play for the club in the 2017–18 season. The transfer was made official five days later, where he was presented and was given squad number 4. He made his Albanian Superliga appearance on 9 September in the opening matchday against Skënderbeu Korçë which finished in a 0–2 away defeat. Položani concluded his first season by playing 31 league games as the team finished in 6th place despite challenging for the title in mid-season. On 5 July 2018, he signed a new contract for the upcoming season. Položani was named team captain in the beginning of February 2019 following the departure of Tomislav Bušić. His first match as the official captain was the 2–1 home defeat to Kukësi; he scored his first Flamurtari goal with a header in the first half which temporarily leveled the figures. In the second half, he scored an overhead kick, which was disallowed in controversial fashion for dangerous play, which lead Albanian media to draw comparisons to the goal Cristiano Ronaldo scored against Juventus in the 2017–18 UEFA Champions League. During the same match, he was also injured during a duel which resulted in him losing two teeth.\n Links: a. Albanian Superliga b. Tomislav Bušić c. Tomislav Bušić d. Albanian Superliga", "pos": "Question: Which football club had a better winning record in 2012, Hearts or Manchester City? Passage:In August 2012, he made his European debut for the club, coming on as a substitute in a UEFA Europa League qualifying match against Gomel, replacing Joe Cole in a 0–1 away win. The following week, Sterling scored his first goal for the senior team with a first-half strike in a friendly against Bayer Leverkusen. On 23 August 2012, he started his first match for Liverpool in a Europa League qualifying match away to Hearts in a 0–1 win. He was given his first start in the league three days later in a 2–2 draw at Anfield to Manchester City. He played the full 90 minutes in the loss to Arsenal on 2 September, and the draw with Sunderland on 15 September, where he registered one assist and was named man of the match. On 19 September, Sterling was one of the group of teenagers that travelled to Switzerland to play Young Boys in a UEFA Europa League group match. He replaced Stewart Downing in the second half as Liverpool won 3–5. On 20 October, Sterling scored his first senior competitive goal for Liverpool in the 29th minute in a 1–0 league win against Reading with a strike from the edge of the box. As a result, he became the second-youngest player ever to score in a competitive fixture for Liverpool, behind only Michael Owen.\n Links: a. Heart of Midlothian F.C. b. UEFA Europa League c. Stewart Downing d. Reading F.C.", "neg": "Question: Which of the Malmö's main rivals has the best win/loss record in 2019? Passage:Malmö Fotbollförening, also known simply as Malmö FF, is a Swedish professional association football club based in Malmö. The club is affiliated with Skånes Fotbollförbund (The Scanian Football Association), and plays its home games at Stadion. Formed on 24 February 1910, Malmö FF is the most successful club in Sweden in terms of trophies won. The club have won the most league titles of any Swedish club with twenty-three, a record twenty Swedish championship titles and a record fourteen national cup titles. The team competes in Allsvenskan as of the 2019 season; this is Malmö FF's 19th consecutive season in the top flight, and their 84th overall. The main rivals of the club are Helsingborgs IF, IFK Göteborg and, historically, IFK Malmö.\n Links: a. Svenska Cupen b. Stadion (Malmö) c. Malmö d. Helsingborgs IF–Malmö FF rivalry", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}564{"query": "Question: How many times had The Sugababes been on tour before their 2008 tour began? Passage:The Sugababes performed \"Caught in a Moment\" on 12 August 2004 at the Bristol International Balloon Fiesta, which is one of Europe's biggest balloon festivals. The third-line up of the band, consisting of Buchanan, Range and Amelle Berrabah, performed \"Caught in a Moment\" at the Sheffield City Hall in March 2006 as part of their tour in support of Taller in More Ways (2005). According to Dave Simpson of The Guardian, the performance suggested that Berrabah \"could trigger an unlikely shift into soul\" for the group. The trio performed \"Caught in a Moment\" at the 100 Club, London on 3 October 2006 as part of a gig, which was in promotion of Overloaded: The Singles Collection. They performed the song as part of the Overloaded tour, and were seated on stools in the centre of the stage. With regard to their performance on 13 April 2007 at the Wembley Arena, London, Ben Rawson-Jones of Digital Spy commented: \"Their epiphanic beauty was fully realised with the fragile, emotive nature of Heidi's voice and Keisha's powerful singing\". \"Caught in a Moment\" appeared in the set list for the group's 2008 Change Tour. According to The Journals Kat Keogh, their performance at the Newcastle City Hall \"displayed a confident shift from moody pop princesses to sassy Supremes-style harmony\".\n Links: a. Digital Spy b. Digital Spy c. Change Tour d. Sheffield City Hall", "pos": "Question: How many songs total did Clarkson perform on the Breakaway World Tour? Passage:Clarkson has performed the song in eight of her concert tours. First, she performed the song on the Breakaway World Tour, Hazel Eyes Tour, and the Addicted Tour (2005–06). Later, Clarkson performed the track on the My December Tour (2007–08). She also performed the song on the 2 Worlds 2 Voices Tour (2008), a co-headlining concert tour with Reba McEntire. It was the first Clarkson song to be performed. Later, she performed the song on the All I Ever Wanted Tour (2009–10). On the Stronger Tour (2012), Clarkson performed the song as part of a medley, with \"The Trouble With Love Is\", \"How I Feel\" and \"I Want You\". When Clarkson performed the song on her most recent tour, the 12th Annual Honda Civic Tour, where she was a special guest for Maroon 5, she and her music director changed the arrangement to make it sound more jazzy. For her Piece by Piece Tour (2015) Clarkson mashes the song up with \"Uptown Funk\" by Mark Ronson and Bruno Mars.\n Links: a. Stronger Tour b. Uptown Funk c. The Breakaway Tour d. Stronger Tour", "neg": "Question: What is the capacity of the venue where the Sugababes performed on 13 April 2007? Passage:The Sugababes performed \"Caught in a Moment\" on 12 August 2004 at the Bristol International Balloon Fiesta, which is one of Europe's biggest balloon festivals. The third-line up of the band, consisting of Buchanan, Range and Amelle Berrabah, performed \"Caught in a Moment\" at the Sheffield City Hall in March 2006 as part of their tour in support of Taller in More Ways (2005). According to Dave Simpson of The Guardian, the performance suggested that Berrabah \"could trigger an unlikely shift into soul\" for the group. The trio performed \"Caught in a Moment\" at the 100 Club, London on 3 October 2006 as part of a gig, which was in promotion of Overloaded: The Singles Collection. They performed the song as part of the Overloaded tour, and were seated on stools in the centre of the stage. With regard to their performance on 13 April 2007 at the Wembley Arena, London, Ben Rawson-Jones of Digital Spy commented: \"Their epiphanic beauty was fully realised with the fragile, emotive nature of Heidi's voice and Keisha's powerful singing\". \"Caught in a Moment\" appeared in the set list for the group's 2008 Change Tour. According to The Journals Kat Keogh, their performance at the Newcastle City Hall \"displayed a confident shift from moody pop princesses to sassy Supremes-style harmony\".\n Links: a. 100 Club b. Wembley Arena c. Wembley Arena d. 100 Club", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}565{"query": "Question: When was the city that allegedly cursed the Cardinals established? Passage:The Arizona Cardinals National Football League (NFL) franchise is allegedly suffering a curse by the citizens of Pottsville, Pennsylvania for undeservedly claiming the 1925 NFL championship from the Pottsville Maroons who were stripped of their title by the NFL in one of the greatest controversies in sports history. The curse will supposedly only be lifted when the championship is returned to Pottsville and to the correct shade of red team; this can only be met by overturning the original ruling, as Pottsville no longer has an NFL team and is too small to ever receive another one (with a metropolitan area roughly half the population of Green Bay, the league's smallest), making it impossible for the long-defunct Maroons to win another title. The Cardinals team holds the record for the longest championship drought, with their most recent championship coming in 1947, which is also the longest drought in American professional sports; the 1947 team was notable for having two of its members die during their playing careers within a year of each other, with Jeff Burkett dying in a plane crash following appendix surgery during the season and Stan Mauldin dying of a heart attack after a game the following season. Arizona also lost Super Bowl XLIII to another Pennsylvania team: the Pittsburgh Steelers (whose founder Art Rooney supported Pottsville's claim to the title). The franchise also leads the NFL in the total number of losses (730 through the 2017 season).\n Links: a. List of NFL franchise post-season droughts b. Jeff Burkett c. Pottsville, Pennsylvania d. List of NFL franchise post-season droughts", "pos": "Question: In what stadium does the only team in the NFL owned by shareholders play football? Passage:The NFL forbids religious groups, governments, and non-profit organizations owning a team. The NFL requires a controlling owner to hold at minimum a 30% stake in the team and forbids ownership groups of over 24 people, or any publicly traded corporations from purchasing NFL teams; one team, the Green Bay Packers, is exempt from this under a grandfather clause and is owned by shareholders. The Houston Texans are also grandfathered in for their home county–the Harris County, Texas government–which owns 5% of the team, as the rule forbidding governments from owning a team became effective in 2007. The NFL's constitution also forbids its owners from owning any other professional football teams, except for Arena Football League teams located in the NFL team's home market. In addition, the controlling owners of NFL teams were previously only permitted to own major league baseball, basketball and hockey teams if they were in the NFL team's home market, or were not located in other NFL cities. (Stan Kroenke, who owned hockey and basketball teams in Denver, was nonetheless unanimously allowed to buy the then-St. Louis Rams in 2010 and hold on to his Denver assets until 2015. Even then, the Denver assets were transferred to his wife, Ann.) Soccer has been exempt from these restrictions since 1982, when the league lost a lawsuit filed by the original NASL stemming from the investments of Kansas City Chiefs owner Lamar Hunt and Elizabeth Robbie, the wife of Miami Dolphins owner Joe Robbie in NASL teams; as a result, NFL owners have owned teams in MLS in other NFL markets. In October 2018, the NFL owners voted to relax the cross-ownership rule, allowing controlling NFL owners to own other professional teams within NFL markets. The league also informally requires prospective owners to have relatively liquid assets and positive cash flow; having a majority of one's wealth invested in real estate, for example, is grounds for rejection.\n Links: a. Cash flow b. Harris County, Texas c. Green Bay Packers d. Ann Walton Kroenke", "neg": "Question: Who is the current owner of the team founded by  Art Rooney? Passage:The Arizona Cardinals National Football League (NFL) franchise is allegedly suffering a curse by the citizens of Pottsville, Pennsylvania for undeservedly claiming the 1925 NFL championship from the Pottsville Maroons who were stripped of their title by the NFL in one of the greatest controversies in sports history. The curse will supposedly only be lifted when the championship is returned to Pottsville and to the correct shade of red team; this can only be met by overturning the original ruling, as Pottsville no longer has an NFL team and is too small to ever receive another one (with a metropolitan area roughly half the population of Green Bay, the league's smallest), making it impossible for the long-defunct Maroons to win another title. The Cardinals team holds the record for the longest championship drought, with their most recent championship coming in 1947, which is also the longest drought in American professional sports; the 1947 team was notable for having two of its members die during their playing careers within a year of each other, with Jeff Burkett dying in a plane crash following appendix surgery during the season and Stan Mauldin dying of a heart attack after a game the following season. Arizona also lost Super Bowl XLIII to another Pennsylvania team: the Pittsburgh Steelers (whose founder Art Rooney supported Pottsville's claim to the title). The franchise also leads the NFL in the total number of losses (730 through the 2017 season).\n Links: a. Green Bay metropolitan area b. Stan Mauldin c. Pottsville, Pennsylvania d. Art Rooney", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}566{"query": "Question: What year did Ali Parvin become technical director of Steel Azin? Passage:Mohammad Parvin began his career at the Persepolis youth academy in Tehran before signing his first pro contract in 2005. Despite the fact that his father was the head coach of the team, he remained unused until making his debut in a friendly match against German giants Bayern Munich. Being dubbed as a future star player in the national team, his time at Persepolis turned difficult following his fathers departure as a coach. He later followed his Parvin senior, who had become technical director of Steel Azin, and became the top scorer in the first division. Following a remarkable season in a star-studded second tier side, he chose to move soon, again shortly after his fathers resignation. Despite reportedly being offered a contract by Persepolis, he moved to Saipa. It was speculated that the reason for his refusal to play at Persepolis was the troublesome relationship between Dariush Mostafavi (then Club CEO at Persepolis) and his father Ali Parvin. After only 12 performances at Saipa, he spent 6 successful months on loan at Dunajská Streda in Europe only to return to his beloved Persepolis in July 2009. His second stint at the continents most popular football team, was another difficult experience and Mohammad was on the move once again in 2011. His next stop was Paykan, another short term stint as soon newly promoted Gahar Zagros followed.\n Links: a. Steel Azin F.C. b. FC Bayern Munich c. Persepolis F.C. d. Ali Parvin", "pos": "Question: What was the record of Shinnik Yaroslavl the year that Karlsons joined the team? Passage:As a youth player Karlsons played for his local club FK Liepājas Metalurgs, being taken to the first team in 1998, at the age of 17. He spent the next six seasons with the club, becoming the second top scorer of the Latvian Higher League in 2003 with 26 goals, completing two hat-tricks during the season. All in all he played 96 matches for his local club, scoring 40 goals. After these bright appearances he had impressed clubs abroad, and in January 2004 Karlsons went on a month-long trial with the Russian Premier League club Shinnik Yaroslavl. Afterwards he signed a three-year contract with them. However, his spell there wasn't as successful as expected and was very short. After just one season, during which he played only 8 league matches without scoring goals, Karlsons returned to the Latvian Higher League, signing with the newly promoted, ambitious club Venta Kuldiga in 2005. However, the club struggled financially and after just five matches had to let some of their players go, including Karlsons, who returned to his hometown club, Liepājas Metalurgs later that year. He spent the next three seasons there, once again showing great performance. He scored a hat-trick in the 2005 season, and he also scored in the Latvian Cup final on 25 September 2005, which Metalurgs lost 2–1 to Venta Kuldīga. Another hat-trick came in the 2006 season, which Karlsons finished as the second top scorer with 14 goals under his belt. In the Latvian Cup he scored a hat-trick in the 6–1 semi-final victory over Dižvanagi Rēzekne and then scored in the final, which the club won 2–1 over Skonto Riga. In December 2006 Karlsons was named the runner-up of the Latvian Player of the Year Award by the Latvian Football Federation behind the winner Aleksandrs Koļinko, who that time was the first-choice keeper for Rubin Kazan in the Russian Premier League. His contract with Metalurgs expired in July 2007 and it was not renewed. Player was then linked with the English Championship club Bristol City, before going on trial with Southampton. In January 2008 he had a two-day trial with Wolverhampton Wanderers. Karlsons then had trials in the Netherlands with Zwolle and De Graafschap,\n Links: a. Latvian Football Federation b. FC Rubin Kazan c. Russian Premier League d. FC Shinnik Yaroslavl", "neg": "Question: How long was Dariush Mostafavi the CEO at Persepolis? Passage:Mohammad Parvin began his career at the Persepolis youth academy in Tehran before signing his first pro contract in 2005. Despite the fact that his father was the head coach of the team, he remained unused until making his debut in a friendly match against German giants Bayern Munich. Being dubbed as a future star player in the national team, his time at Persepolis turned difficult following his fathers departure as a coach. He later followed his Parvin senior, who had become technical director of Steel Azin, and became the top scorer in the first division. Following a remarkable season in a star-studded second tier side, he chose to move soon, again shortly after his fathers resignation. Despite reportedly being offered a contract by Persepolis, he moved to Saipa. It was speculated that the reason for his refusal to play at Persepolis was the troublesome relationship between Dariush Mostafavi (then Club CEO at Persepolis) and his father Ali Parvin. After only 12 performances at Saipa, he spent 6 successful months on loan at Dunajská Streda in Europe only to return to his beloved Persepolis in July 2009. His second stint at the continents most popular football team, was another difficult experience and Mohammad was on the move once again in 2011. His next stop was Paykan, another short term stint as soon newly promoted Gahar Zagros followed.\n Links: a. Dariush Mostafavi b. Gahar Zagros F.C. c. Saipa F.C. d. Gahar Zagros F.C.", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}567{"query": "Question: Of the two athletes that were placed on the injured list at the same time, which one had a better batting average? Passage:In 2019, Lin was optioned to Triple-A Pawtucket prior to Opening Day. He was called up on April 6, when Brock Holt went on the injured list, and optioned back to Pawtucket on April 9, when Dustin Pedroia was activated. Lin was recalled to Boston on April 19 along with Michael Chavis, as both Pedroia and Eduardo Núñez were placed on the injured list. With the 2019 Red Sox only carrying two catchers, manager Alex Cora stated that Lin would be the team's emergency catcher. On May 1, against Oakland Athletics, Lin recorded his 35th MLB hit, passing Chin-lung Hu for most MLB career hits by a Taiwanese player; the majority of Taiwanese players in MLB have been pitchers. On May 3, Lin was removed from a game against the Chicago White Sox after spraining his left knee while sliding into second base; he was placed on the injured list the next day. On June 17, his rehabilitation assignment with Pawtucket was halted due to a right shoulder impingement. He resumed his rehabilitation assignment on June 26, then was activated and optioned to Pawtucket on July 1. Overall during 2019, Lin appeared in 13 games with Boston, batting .200 with one RBI, while with Pawtucket he batted .246 with four home runs and 22 RBIs in 59 games.\n Links: a. Dustin Pedroia b. Oakland Athletics c. Dustin Pedroia d. Brock Holt", "pos": "Question: How was the athlete that Tzu-Wei replaced in April injured? Passage:In 2019, Lin was optioned to Triple-A Pawtucket prior to Opening Day. He was called up on April 6, when Brock Holt went on the injured list, and optioned back to Pawtucket on April 9, when Dustin Pedroia was activated. Lin was recalled to Boston on April 19 along with Michael Chavis, as both Pedroia and Eduardo Núñez were placed on the injured list. With the 2019 Red Sox only carrying two catchers, manager Alex Cora stated that Lin would be the team's emergency catcher. On May 1, against Oakland Athletics, Lin recorded his 35th MLB hit, passing Chin-lung Hu for most MLB career hits by a Taiwanese player; the majority of Taiwanese players in MLB have been pitchers. On May 3, Lin was removed from a game against the Chicago White Sox after spraining his left knee while sliding into second base; he was placed on the injured list the next day. On June 17, his rehabilitation assignment with Pawtucket was halted due to a right shoulder impingement. He resumed his rehabilitation assignment on June 26, then was activated and optioned to Pawtucket on July 1. Overall during 2019, Lin appeared in 13 games with Boston, batting .200 with one RBI, while with Pawtucket he batted .246 with four home runs and 22 RBIs in 59 games.\n Links: a. Brock Holt b. 2019 Boston Red Sox season c. Brock Holt d. Catcher", "neg": "Question: When did the team that Bay returned against in July form? Passage:Bay got off to a slow start to the 2012 season, finishing spring training with no home runs or RBI, and his regular season, which was derailed further by a broken rib suffered while making a diving catch in the April 23 game against the San Francisco Giants. When Bay returned from the DL on June 8, 2012 against the New York Yankees, he went 0-for-3 with one strikeout. He continued to go 0-for-16 in his return from the DL through June 12, before hitting a single on June 13 against the Tampa Bay Rays. In a home game against the Cincinnati Reds on June 15, Bay left the game in the second inning after crashing into the left field wall and suffering a concussion while attempting to catch a fly ball by Jay Bruce that became an inside-the-park home run. He was subsequently placed on the DL again, and returned again on July 17 against the Washington Nationals. On September 2, Bay hit a grand slam off of Miami Marlins pitcher Mark Buehrle in the first inning of a 5–2 Mets win. Bay also hit a home run off of Buehrle on September 22 in a 4–3 Mets win. Bay finished the 2012 season with a .165 batting average, 8 home runs and 20 RBI.\n Links: a. San Francisco Giants b. Washington Nationals c. Jay Bruce d. Miami Marlins", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}568{"query": "Question: How many days after the Battle of Shiloh did fighting in Corinth begin? Passage:At the beginning of the Civil War, he became a lieutenant and adjutant of the 13th Iowa Infantry Regiment. He fought at the battle of Shiloh and Corinth. He served as assistant adjutant general in the XVII Corps during the siege of Vicksburg and assistant adjutant general to the Army of the Tennessee during the Atlanta Campaign. He was made a brevet brigadier general for service in the Atlanta Campaign and was assigned to an infantry brigade in the XV Corps during the Carolinas Campaign, but was only lightly engaged in fighting. He rose to the full rank of brigadier general of volunteers (1865), and was made a brevet major general at the close of the same year for gallant and meritorious services during the war.\n Links: a. Battle of Shiloh b. XVII Corps (Union Army) c. Major general d. XVII Corps (Union Army)", "pos": "Question: In which state did the siege of Vicksburg take place? Passage:At the beginning of the Civil War, he became a lieutenant and adjutant of the 13th Iowa Infantry Regiment. He fought at the battle of Shiloh and Corinth. He served as assistant adjutant general in the XVII Corps during the siege of Vicksburg and assistant adjutant general to the Army of the Tennessee during the Atlanta Campaign. He was made a brevet brigadier general for service in the Atlanta Campaign and was assigned to an infantry brigade in the XV Corps during the Carolinas Campaign, but was only lightly engaged in fighting. He rose to the full rank of brigadier general of volunteers (1865), and was made a brevet major general at the close of the same year for gallant and meritorious services during the war.\n Links: a. Siege of Vicksburg b. Lieutenant c. Battle of Shiloh d. Siege of Vicksburg", "neg": "Question: What army did the 13th Iowa Infantry Regiment fight for during the Civil War? Passage:At the beginning of the Civil War, he became a lieutenant and adjutant of the 13th Iowa Infantry Regiment. He fought at the battle of Shiloh and Corinth. He served as assistant adjutant general in the XVII Corps during the siege of Vicksburg and assistant adjutant general to the Army of the Tennessee during the Atlanta Campaign. He was made a brevet brigadier general for service in the Atlanta Campaign and was assigned to an infantry brigade in the XV Corps during the Carolinas Campaign, but was only lightly engaged in fighting. He rose to the full rank of brigadier general of volunteers (1865), and was made a brevet major general at the close of the same year for gallant and meritorious services during the war.\n Links: a. Major general b. Siege of Vicksburg c. 13th Iowa Volunteer Infantry Regiment d. Major general", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}569{"query": "Question: How old was the original owner of the Padres when they joined the ranks of MLB? Passage:In 1969, the Padres joined the ranks of Major League Baseball as one of four new expansion teams, along with the Montreal Expos (now the Washington Nationals), the Kansas City Royals, and the Seattle Pilots (now the Milwaukee Brewers). Their original owner was C. Arnholt Smith, a prominent San Diego businessman and former owner of the PCL Padres whose interests included banking, tuna fishing, hotels, real estate and an airline. Despite initial excitement, the guidance of longtime baseball executives, Eddie Leishman and Buzzie Bavasi as well as a new playing field, the team struggled; the Padres finished in last place in each of its first six seasons in the NL West, losing 100 games or more four times. One of the few bright spots on the team during the early years was first baseman and slugger Nate Colbert, an expansion draftee from the Houston Astros and still the Padres' career leader in home runs.\n Links: a. Milwaukee Brewers b. C. Arnholt Smith c. C. Arnholt Smith d. Buzzie Bavasi", "pos": "Question: Which of the four expansion teams had the best record in their first year? Passage:In 1969, the Padres joined the ranks of Major League Baseball as one of four new expansion teams, along with the Montreal Expos (now the Washington Nationals), the Kansas City Royals, and the Seattle Pilots (now the Milwaukee Brewers). Their original owner was C. Arnholt Smith, a prominent San Diego businessman and former owner of the PCL Padres whose interests included banking, tuna fishing, hotels, real estate and an airline. Despite initial excitement, the guidance of longtime baseball executives, Eddie Leishman and Buzzie Bavasi as well as a new playing field, the team struggled; the Padres finished in last place in each of its first six seasons in the NL West, losing 100 games or more four times. One of the few bright spots on the team during the early years was first baseman and slugger Nate Colbert, an expansion draftee from the Houston Astros and still the Padres' career leader in home runs.\n Links: a. C. Arnholt Smith b. Major League Baseball c. Houston Astros d. Major League Baseball", "neg": "Question: How long did Paul Snyder own the Buffalo Braves before he sold the team to Brown Jr? Passage:The 1976–77 NBA season was the Braves seventh season in the NBA. The Braves were purchased by John Y. Brown, Jr., the former owner of the Kentucky Colonels in the now defunct American Basketball Association for $6.2 million. As part of an agreement with the Braves' former owner, Paul Snyder, Brown would give Snyder money received in player deals to reduce the purchase price. The sell-off began shortly after the season, as the Braves sold newly acquired Moses Malone. Malone was acquired in a trade with the Portland Trail Blazers after the ABA dispersal draft. Malone was now off to the Houston Rockets. The selling of players continued into the season as Bob McAdoo was sold to the New York Knicks. While the deals helped Brown pay virtually nothing for the franchise, it turned a promising franchise into a rebuilding one. Attendance fell off as the Braves finished in 4th place with a 30-52 record. The only spotlight was rookie Adrian Dantley, who captured Rookie of the Year honors with 20.3 points per game. However Dantley himself was traded following the season to the Indiana Pacers for Billy Knight.\n Links: a. Paul Snyder (basketball) b. 1976–77 NBA season c. Paul Snyder (basketball) d. John Y. Brown Jr.", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}570{"query": "Question: What other advertisements did Microsoft release the year it launched The Life? Passage:The Life, also known as We Are ODST is a television and cinema advertisement launched in 2009 by Microsoft to promote the first person shooter  in the United States. The 150-second piece follows a young soldier through enlistment, training, and battle as an Orbital Drop Shock Trooper (ODST), analogous to a paratrooper that drops from space to a battlefield. The Life was created by advertising agency T.A.G., an offshoot of McCann Erickson. Production of the commercial itself was handled by production company Morton/Jankel/Zander (MJZ). It was directed by Rupert Sanders, and post-production was conducted by Asylum. It was filmed in Hungary, just outside Budapest in a coal mine and abandoned factories to give the sequence an \"Eastern Bloc\" aesthetic. The commercial and its associated campaign proved hugely successful; on the week of its launch, Halo 3: ODST became the top-selling game for the Xbox 360 worldwide, and over 2.5 million copies were sold within the first few weeks of release. The Life went on to win a number of honours from the advertising and entertainment industries, including two Clio Awards, a London International Advertising Award and several honours from the Cannes Lions International Advertising Festival, the most prestigious awards ceremony in the advertising industry.\n Links: a. Production company b. Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity c. Eastern Bloc d. Microsoft", "pos": "Question: What year was the single that once held the title of best-selling digital song of all time release? Passage:Described by will.i.am as \"party album[s]\", The Black Eyed Peas released the electronic dance-influenced The E.N.D. and The Beginning in 2009 and 2010, following the 2008 election of Barack Obama as President of the United States. The band welcomed Obama's election; will.i.am had recorded and released \"Yes We Can\", a single that promoted Obama's election campaign during the Democratic Party primaries, and often claims the song had helped Obama get elected. The band's most commercially successful single during this period, \"I Gotta Feeling\", was inspired by the band's perception of being \"in the center of a ginormous change in America\". The track became the best-selling digital song of all time until it was surpassed by Pharrell Williams' \"Happy\" in 2014. By the end of 2010, The E.N.D. had sold over eleven million copies worldwide, while The Beginning had sold over two million copies worldwide. The band had intended to return to the studio to create their seventh studio album soon after the release of The Beginning, though frequent delays and Taboo's diagnosis with testicular cancer in 2014, along with his subsequent treatment and recovery, led to the project being put on hiatus.\n Links: a. President of the United States b. The E.N.D. c. Single (music) d. I Gotta Feeling", "neg": "Question: Who was the CEO of Microsoft the year The Life was launched? Passage:The Life, also known as We Are ODST is a television and cinema advertisement launched in 2009 by Microsoft to promote the first person shooter  in the United States. The 150-second piece follows a young soldier through enlistment, training, and battle as an Orbital Drop Shock Trooper (ODST), analogous to a paratrooper that drops from space to a battlefield. The Life was created by advertising agency T.A.G., an offshoot of McCann Erickson. Production of the commercial itself was handled by production company Morton/Jankel/Zander (MJZ). It was directed by Rupert Sanders, and post-production was conducted by Asylum. It was filmed in Hungary, just outside Budapest in a coal mine and abandoned factories to give the sequence an \"Eastern Bloc\" aesthetic. The commercial and its associated campaign proved hugely successful; on the week of its launch, Halo 3: ODST became the top-selling game for the Xbox 360 worldwide, and over 2.5 million copies were sold within the first few weeks of release. The Life went on to win a number of honours from the advertising and entertainment industries, including two Clio Awards, a London International Advertising Award and several honours from the Cannes Lions International Advertising Festival, the most prestigious awards ceremony in the advertising industry.\n Links: a. Clio Awards b. Microsoft c. Budapest d. Rupert Sanders", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}571{"query": "Question: Were the writers of \"The Mighty Thor\" both born in the same state? Passage:Journey into Mystery is an American comic book series initially published by Atlas Comics, then by its successor, Marvel Comics. Initially a horror comics anthology, it changed to giant-monster and science fiction stories in the late 1950s. Beginning with issue #83 (cover dated Aug. 1962), it ran the superhero feature \"The Mighty Thor\", created by writers Stan Lee and Larry Lieber and artist Jack Kirby, and inspired by the mythological Norse thunder god. The series, which was renamed for its superhero star with issue #126 (March 1966), has been revived three times: in the 1970s as a horror anthology, and in the 1990s and 2010s with characters from Marvel's Thor mythos. The title was also used in 2019 for a limited series as part of the \"War of the Realms\" storyline.\n Links: a. Atlas Comics (1950s) b. Superhero c. Atlas Comics (1950s) d. Thor (Marvel Comics)", "pos": "Question: What year was the Super-Villian Team-Up series cancelled? Passage:He was spun off into his own title, the 1968–74 series Sub-Mariner. The super-villain Tiger Shark was introduced in issue #5 by writer Roy Thomas and artist John Buscema and the super-hero Stingray in issue #19 by Thomas and Bill Everett. Some of the later issues of this Sub-Mariner series are notable for having been written and drawn by the character's creator, Bill Everett, shortly before his death; as well, they reintroduced a now-older Namora, and introduced her daughter, Namorita Prentiss. By now more of a reluctant superhero \"the Sub-Mariner was perfect for the Marvel Age of angst-ridden protagonists. Noble yet misunderstood, powerful yet thwarted ... [he was] portrayed as a regal monarch – a king without a country.\" The final issue, #72 (Sept. 1974), was written by Steve Skeates and featured an unofficial intercompany crossover with the last issue of DC Comics' Aquaman series. A five- to six-page backup feature, \"Tales of Atlantis\", chronicling the undersea kingdom from its ancient origins, appeared in issues #62–66 (June–Oct. 1973), written by Gerber, with penciling by Howard Chaykin and later Jim Mooney. After the cancellation of Sub-Mariner, Namor co-starred with Doctor Doom in the Super-Villain Team-Up series. The series suffered from mediocre sales due to its lack of a stable creative team, and following issue #13 Namor was dropped from the co-star spot.\n Links: a. John Buscema b. Howard Chaykin c. Roy Thomas d. Super-Villain Team-Up", "neg": "Question: Was the artist for \"The Mighty Thor\" older than both of its writers? Passage:Journey into Mystery is an American comic book series initially published by Atlas Comics, then by its successor, Marvel Comics. Initially a horror comics anthology, it changed to giant-monster and science fiction stories in the late 1950s. Beginning with issue #83 (cover dated Aug. 1962), it ran the superhero feature \"The Mighty Thor\", created by writers Stan Lee and Larry Lieber and artist Jack Kirby, and inspired by the mythological Norse thunder god. The series, which was renamed for its superhero star with issue #126 (March 1966), has been revived three times: in the 1970s as a horror anthology, and in the 1990s and 2010s with characters from Marvel's Thor mythos. The title was also used in 2019 for a limited series as part of the \"War of the Realms\" storyline.\n Links: a. Thor (Marvel Comics) b. Jack Kirby c. Norse mythology d. Jack Kirby", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}572{"query": "Question: How many titles were in the Library of Congress the year the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame featured \"What'd I Say\" as one of the 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll? Passage:It was ranked tenth on Rolling Stones list of \"The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time\", with the summary, \"Charles' grunt-'n'-groan exchanges with the Raeletts were the closest you could get to the sound of orgasm on Top Forty radio during the Eisenhower era\". In 2000, it ranked number 43 on VH1's 100 Greatest Songs in Rock and Roll and number 96 on VH1's 100 Greatest Dance Songs, being the oldest song in the latter ranking. The same year it was chosen by National Public Radio as one of the 100 most influential songs of the 20th century. A central scene in the 2004 biopic Ray features the improvisation of the song performed by Jamie Foxx, who won an Academy Award for his portrayal of Charles. For its historical, artistic, and cultural significance, the Library of Congress added it to the U.S. National Recording Registry in 2002. The Rock & Roll Hall of Fame featured it as one of 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll in 2007.\n Links: a. VH1 b. Academy Award for Best Actor c. Academy Award for Best Actor d. Library of Congress", "pos": "Question: Which song holds the record of longest weeks at number 1 on the chart where The American Breed's greatest single reached number 5 in 1968? Passage:The group was formed in Cicero, Illinois, United States, as Gary & The Knight Lites. The founding members included Gary Loizzo (vocals and guitar), Charles Colbert, Jr. (bass guitar and vocals), Al Ciner (guitar and vocals), and Jim Michalak (drums). Early releases included- \"I'm Glad She's Mine,\" \"I Don't Need Your Help,\" \"Will You Go Steady,\" \"Take Me Back,\" among others. The group's greatest success as \"The American Breed\" was the single, \"Bend Me, Shape Me\", which reached number five on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart in 1968. The song, written by Scott English and Larry Weiss, had previously been recorded by an all-female band known as the Shape and had been a hit on the UK Singles Chart for the British group Amen Corner. It had also been recorded by The Outsiders after they had reached the top ten with \"Time Won't Let Me\" in 1966. Contributing to the success of the American Breed's version of \"Bend Me, Shape Me\" was the excellent arrangement of the song by the band's record producer, Bill Traut, who added horns among other changes. The group also appeared on the 16 December 1967 episode of the television show American Bandstand, along with Pink Floyd.\n Links: a. Bend Me, Shape Me b. Scott English c. Billboard Hot 100 d. Billboard", "neg": "Question: How many more performances did the 16 songs ahead of \"Something\" have according the the Broadcast Music Incorporated rankings? Passage:\"Something\" received the Ivor Novello Award for the \"Best Song Musically and Lyrically\" of 1969. Harrison subsequently performed the song at his Concert for Bangladesh shows in 1971 and throughout the two tours he made as a solo artist. Up to the late 1970s, it had been covered by over 150 artists, making it the second-most covered Beatles composition after \"Yesterday\". Shirley Bassey had a top-five UK hit with her 1970 recording, while Frank Sinatra regularly performed the song. Other artists who have covered \"Something\" include Elvis Presley, Ray Charles, Peggy Lee, James Brown, Tony Bennett, Andy Williams, Smokey Robinson and Ike & Tina Turner. In 1999, Broadcast Music Incorporated named \"Something\" as the 17th-most performed song of the twentieth century, with 5 million performances. In 2004, it was ranked at number 278 on Rolling Stones list of \"The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time\", while two years later, Mojo placed it at number 7 in the magazine's list of the Beatles' best songs. A year after Harrison's death in November 2001, McCartney and Eric Clapton performed it at the Concert for George tribute at London's Royal Albert Hall.\n Links: a. Tony Bennett b. Broadcast Music, Inc. c. Royal Albert Hall d. Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Songs of All Time", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}573{"query": "Question: How long had Cochrane Theatre been in existence for the year Johnson began working as a professional theatre director? Passage:Karena has worked as a professional theatre director since 1997. Her work include \"40\" by Angie LeMar at Hackney Empire Crossings by Julie McNamara at Cochrane Theatre \"Safe\" by David Herminstien at West Yorkshire Playhouse\"Sweet Yam Kisses\" which was conceived by her and written by Courttia Newland and Pat Cumper at the Lyric Hammersmith,\"The Bridge\" by Pedro Obaseki, an international co-production between Oval House Theatre and Don Pedro productions Nigeria; \"The Oddest Couple\" by Geoff Aymer at the Theatre Royal Stratford East; \"Vengeance\" by Wayne Buchanan on a National Tour; \"Yerma\" by Federico Garcia Lorca at the Young Vic/ Jerwood Space; \"The Key Game\" by Pat Cumper at the Riverside Studios; \"The Front Room\" by Jenny Davis on a National Tour; \"Under Their Influence\" by Wayne Buchanan at the Tricycle Theatre; \"Angie Baby\" by Rommie Smith at the Young Vic; \"Gods and Bad Guys\" by Tunde Euba; \"Two\" by Jim Cartwright; and EMMA Award nominated premier production of Vengeance by Wayne Buchanan at the Oval House Theatre.\n Links: a. Young Vic b. Theatre Royal Stratford East c. Cochrane Theatre d. Riverside Studios", "pos": "Question: How many films has the producer of Long Long Time Ago done? Passage:She has been nominated multiple times in the Best Actress category at the annual Star Awards. She was nominated for the \"Best Actress\" award in 1995, 1996, 1997, 2001, 2002 and 2003; she won the award once in 2001 for her role in Three Women and a Half, playing a manager in an advertising company who would make use of her looks and charms to climb up the corporate ladder. Tan took a break from television in 2005. In 2006, she appeared in two Singapore dramas, Women of Times and Measure of Man, the latter drama clinching the runner-up position in 2006's television viewership ratings. Tan also ventured into English dramas. In 2000, she played Mae in MediaCorp Channel 5's longest-running drama series, Growing Up. Later in 2009, she played Suzanne Kong, the wife of a tycoon in the 40-episode drama Red Thread. In 2013, Tan won the \"Best Actress in a Supporting Role\" award at the 18th Asian Television Awards (ATA) for her role in The Day It Rained On Our Parade which consisted only four episodes. On 29 May 2015, it was announced that Tan will play the lead role in Jack Neo's film, Long Long Time Ago alongside Mark Lee and Wang Lei. At Star Awards 2017, Tan received the Best Supporting Actress for the drama Hero (2016 TV series) , she announced in a speech that this would be the last time, she would go on stage to receive this award. In Star Awards 2018 , she landed her 4th nomination for Best Supporting Actress for the drama, Have a Little Faith.\n Links: a. Star Awards for Best Supporting Actress b. Star Awards c. Jack Neo d. Star Awards", "neg": "Question: When was the theatre that D C Jackson's first play premiered at built? Passage:Danielle Craig Jackson is a Scottish playwright, born in 1980. His first full-length play The Wall premiered at the Tron Theatre in Glasgow in 2008. It was produced by Borderline Theatre Company and was nominated for several awards including the Best New Play at the Critics' Awards for Theatre in Scotland and the Saltire Society Scottish First Book of the year. The sequel The Ducky was also produced by Borderline Theatre Company and toured in 2009. In 2010 he finished his Stewarton Trilogy with The Cooking lamb Brae. His play My Romantic History' (which starred Iain Robertson) won a Scotsman Fringe First at the 2010 Edinburgh Festival and sold out its run at the Bush Theatre London. He also took part in the Bush Theatre's 2011 project Sixty Six Books where he contributed a piece based upon a book of the King James Bible. In 2012 Jackson's play The Marriage of Figaro, an adaptation of the stage comedy by Beaumarchais and later opera by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was premiered at the Royal Lyceum Theatre, Edinburgh. In 2013 Jackson's play Threeway premiered at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe, Edinburgh. In 2014, another of Jackson's work Kill Johnny Glendenning received its premiere at the Lyceum before transferring to Glasgow's Citizens Theatre.\n Links: a. Tron Theatre b. The Marriage of Figaro (play) c. Citizens Theatre d. Edinburgh Festival Fringe", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}574{"query": "Question: What was the population of Llantrisant the year that the Original London mint was established? Passage:The Royal Mint is a government-owned mint that produces coins for the United Kingdom. Operating under the name Royal Mint Ltd, the mint is a limited company that is wholly owned by Her Majesty's Treasury and is under an exclusive contract to supply all the nation's coinage. As well as minting circulating coins for use domestically and internationally, the mint also produces planchets, commemorative coins, various types of medals and precious metal bullion. The mint exports to an average of 60 countries a year, making up 70% of its total sales. Formed over 1,100 years ago, the mint was historically part of a series of mints that became centralised to produce coins for the Kingdom of England, all of Great Britain and eventually most of the British Empire. The original London mint from which the Royal Mint is the successor was established in 886 AD and operated within the Tower of London for approximately 800 years before moving to what is now called Royal Mint Court where it remained until the 1960s. As Britain followed the rest of the world in decimalising its currency, the Mint moved from London to a new plant in Llantrisant, Wales where it has remained since.\n Links: a. Llantrisant b. Medal c. Commemorative coin d. Tower of London", "pos": "Question: How long had St Mary's, Lancaster been a city when the original church was created in 1745? Passage:The original church was built as a chapel of ease of St Mary's, Lancaster in 1745 on land bequeathed for the purpose in the will of Francis Bowes, the village blacksmith, who died in 1742. This was before the creation of the town of Morecambe from three former villages; this building was in Poulton-le-Sands. By the early 1800s the chapel was too small for the growing population. It was rebuilt in 1840–41 to a design by the Lancaster architect Edmund Sharpe. The foundation stone was laid on 16 June 1840, and the new church was consecrated on 15 June 1841 by the Bishop of Chester. The church cost £1,288 () to build, and Queen Victoria made a personal contribution to this. As originally built, the church seated 498 people. A south aisle was added in 1866 by Sharpe's successor, E. G. Paley. In 1897 Austin and Paley, (further successors in the architectural practice), added a new chancel, an organ chamber, and vestries, and provided an additional 69 seats, at an estimated cost of £1,160. A Lady chapel was created in the southeast of the church in 1966. In 1995 the church was re-ordered to celebrate 250 years since the foundation of the church.\n Links: a. Lancaster Priory b. Bishop of Chester c. Lancaster Priory d. Lady chapel", "neg": "Question: What year was the company that imported calico prints to England founded? Passage:In the 18th century, England was famous for its woollen and worsted cloth. That industry, centred in the east and south in towns such as Norwich, jealously protected their product. Cotton processing was tiny: in 1701 only of cottonwool was imported into England, and by 1730 this had fallen to . This was due to commercial legislation to protect the woollen industry. Cheap calico prints, imported by the East India Company from Hindustān (India), had become popular. In 1700 an Act of Parliament passed to prevent the importation of dyed or printed calicoes from India, China or Persia. This caused demand to switch to imported grey cloth instead—calico that had not been finished—dyed or printed. These were printed with popular patterns in southern England. Also, Lancashire businessmen produced grey cloth with linen warp and cotton weft, known as fustian, which they sent to London for finishing. Cottonwool imports recovered though, and by 1720 were almost back to their 1701 levels. Again the woollen manufacturers, in true protectionist fashion, claimed that the imports were taking jobs away from workers in Coventry. The Woollen, etc., Manufactures Act 1720 was passed, enacting fines against anyone caught wearing printed or stained calico muslins. Neckcloths and fustians were exempted. The Lancashire manufacturers exploited this exemption; coloured cotton weft with linen warp were specifically permitted by the 1736 Manchester Act. There now was an artificial demand for woven cloth.\n Links: a. Lancashire b. WEFT c. East India Company d. East India Company", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}575{"query": "Question: Who is the current mayor of the city where the weather was continuously monitored after the U.S. Army established a fort? Passage:The National Weather Service Boise, Idaho is a weather forecast office responsible for weather forecasts, warnings and local statements as well as aviation weather forecasts and fire weather forecasts for 3 counties in Southeast Oregon and 14 counties in Southwest and South central Idaho. The U.S. Weather Bureau established an office in the Sonna Building on December 1, 1898. Since then, the U.S Weather Bureau office, now known as the National Weather Service forecast office gained forecast responsibility of Southern Idaho on June 22, 1970 which was expanded to the entire state of Idaho in 1973. After modernization in 1993, the forecast responsibility was changed to Southeast Oregon and Southwest Idaho. The current office in Boise maintains a WSR-88D (NEXRAD) radar system, 8 Automated airport weather station (ASOS) systems and Advanced Weather Interactive Processing System (AWIPS) that greatly improve forecasting in the region. Continuous weather observations have been maintained for the city of Boise since February 1, 1864 about 5 months after the U.S. Army established Fort Boise. The post surgeon for the U.S. Army took observations until July 1, 1877 when the U.S. Signal Service, established an office downtown. The Signal Office was discontinued on July 1, 1890.\n Links: a. Boise, Idaho b. Southwestern Idaho c. National Weather Service d. National Weather Service", "pos": "Question: What is the population density of the city that the majority of Utah's population is centered around? Passage:Utah – state in the Western United States. It became the 45th state admitted to the Union on January 4, 1896. Utah is the 13th-largest, the 34th-most populous, and the 10th-least-densely populated of the 50 United States. Approximately 80% of Utah's 2,817,222 people live along the Wasatch Front, centering on Salt Lake City, leaving vast expanses of the state nearly uninhabited and making the population the sixth most urbanized in the U.S. Utah is the most religiously homogeneous state in the Union. Approximately 63% of Utahns are reported to be members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints or LDS (Mormons), which greatly influences Utah culture and daily life. The world headquarters of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) is located in Utah's state capital.\n Links: a. Salt Lake City b. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints c. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints d. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints", "neg": "Question: Who is the current mayor of the city located on the northern Great Plains that the Yellowstone River flow through? Passage:The river rises in northwestern Wyoming in the Absaroka Range, on the Continental Divide in southwestern Park County. The river starts where the North Fork and the South Fork of the Yellowstone River converge. The North Fork, the larger of the two forks, flows from Younts Peak. The South Fork flows from the southern slopes of Thorofare Mountain. The Yellowstone River flows northward through Yellowstone National Park, feeding and draining Yellowstone Lake, then dropping over the Upper and Lower Yellowstone Falls at the head of the Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone within the confines of the park. After passing through the Black Canyon of the Yellowstone downstream of the Grand Canyon, the river flows northward into Montana between the northern Absaroka Range and the Gallatin Range in Paradise Valley. The river emerges from the mountains near the town of Livingston, where it turns eastward and northeastward, flowing across the northern Great Plains past the city of Billings.\n Links: a. Gallatin Range b. Billings, Montana c. Yellowstone Falls d. Billings, Montana", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}576{"query": "Question: Who ruled the country that annexed Warmia in 1772? Passage:By the First Partition of Poland in 1772, Warmia was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia; the properties of the Archbishopric of Warmia were secularized by the Prussian state. In 1773 Warmia was merged with the surrounding areas into the newly established province of East Prussia. Ignacy Krasicki, the last prince-bishop of Warmia as well as Enlightenment Polish poet, friend of Frederick the Great (whom he did not give homage as his new king), was nominated to the Archbishopric of Gnesen (Gniezno) in 1795. After the last partition of Poland and during his tenure as Archbishop of Poland and Prussian subject he was ordered by Pope Pius VI to teach his Catholic Poles to 'stay obedient, faithful, and loving to their new kings', Papal brief of 1795. The Prussian census in 1772 showed a total population of 96,547, including an urban population of 24,612 in 12 towns. 17,749 houses were listed and the biggest city was Braunsberg (Braniewo).\n Links: a. Frederick the Great b. Kingdom of Prussia c. Kingdom of Prussia d. Gniezno", "pos": "Question: Which of the areas that the Pan-Slavs invaded had a larger population? Passage:Crimea: The Last Crusade is a panoramic history of the Crimean War of 1853–56. Drawing extensively from Russian, French and Ottoman as well as British archives, it combines military, diplomatic, political and cultural history, examining how the war left a lasting mark on the national consciousness of Britain, France, Russia and Turkey. Figes sets the war in the context of the Eastern Question, the diplomatic and political problems caused by the decay of the Ottoman Empire. In particular, he emphasises the importance of the religious struggle between Russia as the defender of the Orthodox and France as the protector of the Catholics in the Ottoman Empire. He frames the war within a longer history of religious conflict between Christians and Muslims in the Balkans, southern Russia and the Caucasus that continues to this day. Figes stresses the religious motive of the Tsar Nicholas I in his bold decision to go to war, arguing that Nicholas was swayed by the ideas of the Pan-Slavs to invade Moldavia and Wallachia and encourage Slav revolts against the Ottomans, despite his earlier adherence to the Legitimist principles of the Holy Alliance. He also shows how France and Britain were drawn into the war by popular ideas of Russophobia that swept across Europe in the wake of the Revolutions of 1830 and 1848. As one reviewer wrote, Figes shows \"how the cold war of the Soviet era froze over fundamental fault lines that had opened up in the 19th century.\"\n Links: a. Eastern Question b. Moldavia c. Catholic Church d. Ottoman Empire", "neg": "Question: Who was the ruler of the Crown of the Polish Kingdom when Königsberg was besieged by Polish forces? Passage:In 1454 the Prussian Confederation rebelled against the Teutonic Knights and formally asked the Polish King Casimir IV Jagiellon to incorporate Prussia into the Kingdom of Poland as a fief. This marked the beginning of the Thirteen Years' War (1454-66) between the State of the Teutonic Order and the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland. While Königsberg's three towns initially joined the rebellion, Altstadt and Löbenicht soon rejoined the Teutonic Knights and defeated Kneiphof in 1455. Grand Master Ludwig von Erlichshausen fled from the crusaders' capital at Castle Marienburg to Königsberg in 1457; the city's magistrate presented Erlichshausen with a barrel of beer out of compassion. When western Prussia was transferred to victorious Poland in the Second Peace of Thorn (1466), which ended the Thirteen Years' War, Königsberg became the new capital of the reduced monastic state, which became a fief of the Crown of the Polish Kingdom. The grand masters took over the quarters of the marshal. During the Polish-Teutonic War (1519–1521), Königsberg was unsuccessfully besieged by Polish forces led by Grand Crown Hetman Mikołaj Firlej.\n Links: a. Crown of the Kingdom of Poland b. Crown of the Kingdom of Poland c. Crown of the Kingdom of Poland d. Prussian Confederation", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}577{"query": "Question: Did House play more games for the Phoenix Suns during his two-way contract of the North Arizona Suns? Passage:On December 8, 2017, the Phoenix Suns signed House to a two-way contract with the team. Throughout the rest of the season, House would split his playing time there between Phoenix and their NBA G League squad, the Northern Arizona Suns. House would make his debut with the team a day later, scoring two points and recording a single rebound in 11 minutes of play in a close loss against the San Antonio Spurs. On December 16, House would score a season-high 8 points in 15 minutes of playing time in a 108–106 win over the Minnesota Timberwolves. House was later assigned to the Northern Arizona Suns affiliate alongside Davon Reed on December 28, mainly for healing purposes. House then returned to action on January 5, 2018, recording what was at the time a new season-high 9 points in a loss against the San Antonio Spurs. On February 23, his two-way contract expired, meaning he couldn't be allowed to play for Phoenix again until after the NBA G League's first season under its rebranded name concluded. Once that happened, he was allowed to return to Phoenix for the rest of the season. On March 30, House recorded a career-high 8 rebounds in a heartbreaking, buzzer-beating loss against the Houston Rockets. On April 1, House would record a new season-high with 16 points scored alongside 6 rebounds and 3 assists in a 117–107 loss against the Golden State Warriors. Two days later, House recorded 14 points, 6 rebounds, and a career-high 5 assists in a 97–94 win against the Sacramento Kings. On April 6, House would put up his first start in the NBA against the New Orleans Pelicans. Two days later, House would record career-highs of 22 points and 8 rebounds in a 117–100 loss to the Golden State Warriors.\n Links: a. Houston Rockets b. Golden State Warriors c. Phoenix Suns d. Golden State Warriors", "pos": "Question: What position did the Phoenix Suns sign House to play? Passage:On December 8, 2017, the Phoenix Suns signed House to a two-way contract with the team. Throughout the rest of the season, House would split his playing time there between Phoenix and their NBA G League squad, the Northern Arizona Suns. House would make his debut with the team a day later, scoring two points and recording a single rebound in 11 minutes of play in a close loss against the San Antonio Spurs. On December 16, House would score a season-high 8 points in 15 minutes of playing time in a 108–106 win over the Minnesota Timberwolves. House was later assigned to the Northern Arizona Suns affiliate alongside Davon Reed on December 28, mainly for healing purposes. House then returned to action on January 5, 2018, recording what was at the time a new season-high 9 points in a loss against the San Antonio Spurs. On February 23, his two-way contract expired, meaning he couldn't be allowed to play for Phoenix again until after the NBA G League's first season under its rebranded name concluded. Once that happened, he was allowed to return to Phoenix for the rest of the season. On March 30, House recorded a career-high 8 rebounds in a heartbreaking, buzzer-beating loss against the Houston Rockets. On April 1, House would record a new season-high with 16 points scored alongside 6 rebounds and 3 assists in a 117–107 loss against the Golden State Warriors. Two days later, House recorded 14 points, 6 rebounds, and a career-high 5 assists in a 97–94 win against the Sacramento Kings. On April 6, House would put up his first start in the NBA against the New Orleans Pelicans. Two days later, House would record career-highs of 22 points and 8 rebounds in a 117–100 loss to the Golden State Warriors.\n Links: a. Sacramento Kings b. New Orleans Pelicans c. Phoenix Suns d. Golden State Warriors", "neg": "Question: What was the final score in the loss to the Houston Rockets on March 30? Passage:On December 8, 2017, the Phoenix Suns signed House to a two-way contract with the team. Throughout the rest of the season, House would split his playing time there between Phoenix and their NBA G League squad, the Northern Arizona Suns. House would make his debut with the team a day later, scoring two points and recording a single rebound in 11 minutes of play in a close loss against the San Antonio Spurs. On December 16, House would score a season-high 8 points in 15 minutes of playing time in a 108–106 win over the Minnesota Timberwolves. House was later assigned to the Northern Arizona Suns affiliate alongside Davon Reed on December 28, mainly for healing purposes. House then returned to action on January 5, 2018, recording what was at the time a new season-high 9 points in a loss against the San Antonio Spurs. On February 23, his two-way contract expired, meaning he couldn't be allowed to play for Phoenix again until after the NBA G League's first season under its rebranded name concluded. Once that happened, he was allowed to return to Phoenix for the rest of the season. On March 30, House recorded a career-high 8 rebounds in a heartbreaking, buzzer-beating loss against the Houston Rockets. On April 1, House would record a new season-high with 16 points scored alongside 6 rebounds and 3 assists in a 117–107 loss against the Golden State Warriors. Two days later, House recorded 14 points, 6 rebounds, and a career-high 5 assists in a 97–94 win against the Sacramento Kings. On April 6, House would put up his first start in the NBA against the New Orleans Pelicans. Two days later, House would record career-highs of 22 points and 8 rebounds in a 117–100 loss to the Golden State Warriors.\n Links: a. NBA G League b. Houston Rockets c. Golden State Warriors d. Northern Arizona Suns", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}578{"query": "Question: How much did the film that Ameer first directed gross domestically? Passage:Ameer Sultan was born in Madurai, Tamil Nadu India. He initially studied economics and worked as an entrepreneur before starting to work as an assistant director to Tamil filmmaker Bala on his award-winning film Sethu in 1999 and Nandha in 2001. Shortly after, he directed his first film, the romantic comedy Mounam Pesiyadhe (2002). The film starred Suriya in the lead and became Trisha Krishnan's first release featuring her in a leading role. The same year, he began his own production company, Teamwork Production House. His second directorial was the mystery thriller Raam, which he produced himself and released A three years later. The film, which revolves around an autistic teenager, portrayed by Jiiva, who is highly attached to his mother, but becomes suspected of having murdered her, received critical acclaim, with Jeeva and the film's composer Yuvan Shankar Raja winning awards at the 2005 Cyprus International Film Festival. It also became Jeeva's breakthrough in the film industry, who till then had appeared in two unsuccessful home productions only. In 2007, he directed the drama Paruthiveeran set in a village in Tamil Nadu, which marked the debut of Karthi, younger son of Sivakumar and brother of Suriya. Critics heaped high praise on the film and Ameer's direction, while Karthi as well as Priyamani, who performed the female lead, won several notable prizes for their performances. Paruthiveeran remains Ameer's most acclaimed work, having received six Filmfare Awards South including the Best Film and Best Director trophies, two National Film Awards, two Tamil Nadu State Film Awards and four Vijay Awards. The film further fetched accolades at international platform, winning the Best Film Award at the Osian's Cinefan Festival of Asian and Arab Cinema and Netpac Special Mention award at the Berlin International Film Festival. He did his fourth directorial, Aadhi Bhagavan, featuring Jayam Ravi and Neetu Chandra in the lead roles, released 2013 for positive reviews. Ameer's next film is Jihad which is his own production. That is a love story.\n Links: a. Mounam Pesiyadhe b. Cyprus International Film Festival c. Filmfare Award for Best Film – Tamil d. Osian's Cinefan Festival of Asian and Arab Cinema", "pos": "Question: Which movie did Indrajith Sukumaran act in immediately preceding his role in Amen? Passage:It took another two years before he came up with his third movie, Amen, in 2013, which had Indrajith Sukumaran, Fahad Fasil, Swathi Reddy and Kalabhavan Mani in the lead roles and the movie succeeded at the box office while drawing good critical response. After a gap of almost two years, Pellissery released his fourth film, Double Barrel, a comic thriller, with Prithviraj Sukumaran, Indrajith Sukumaran, Arya, Sunny Wayne and Asif Ali in the lead roles. However, the film did not succeed critically or commercially. The next project, Angamaly Diaries, a black comedy cloaked in a gangster plot that revolves around the locale of Angamaly, was scripted by popular actor, Chemban Vinod Jose. The film, made on a small budget of million, was received well at the box office and drew critical acclaim; Anurag Kashyap opined that Angamaly Diaries was his film of the year. Ee.Ma.Yau, his next film based on a satire written by P. F. Mathews and with his regular composer, Prashant Pillai, scoring the music, was premiered on November 30, 2017 but the release was delayed due to undisclosed reasons. Before it was released on May 4, 2018, the film received the Kerala State Film Award for Best Director at the 48th Kerala State Film Awards. The film also won him the Silver Peacock Award for the best director at the 49th International Film Festival of India (IFFI), 2018, which was held in Goa in November 2018 (Chemban Vinod Jose, the protagonist of the film, also received the Silver Peacock Award for the best actor.) followed by the Sinema Zetu International Film Festival Award for Best Direction.\n Links: a. Indrajith Sukumaran b. Arya (actor) c. P. F. Mathews d. Chemban Vinod Jose", "neg": "Question: How much did Amen make in sales on it's opening weekend at the box office? Passage:It took another two years before he came up with his third movie, Amen, in 2013, which had Indrajith Sukumaran, Fahad Fasil, Swathi Reddy and Kalabhavan Mani in the lead roles and the movie succeeded at the box office while drawing good critical response. After a gap of almost two years, Pellissery released his fourth film, Double Barrel, a comic thriller, with Prithviraj Sukumaran, Indrajith Sukumaran, Arya, Sunny Wayne and Asif Ali in the lead roles. However, the film did not succeed critically or commercially. The next project, Angamaly Diaries, a black comedy cloaked in a gangster plot that revolves around the locale of Angamaly, was scripted by popular actor, Chemban Vinod Jose. The film, made on a small budget of million, was received well at the box office and drew critical acclaim; Anurag Kashyap opined that Angamaly Diaries was his film of the year. Ee.Ma.Yau, his next film based on a satire written by P. F. Mathews and with his regular composer, Prashant Pillai, scoring the music, was premiered on November 30, 2017 but the release was delayed due to undisclosed reasons. Before it was released on May 4, 2018, the film received the Kerala State Film Award for Best Director at the 48th Kerala State Film Awards. The film also won him the Silver Peacock Award for the best director at the 49th International Film Festival of India (IFFI), 2018, which was held in Goa in November 2018 (Chemban Vinod Jose, the protagonist of the film, also received the Silver Peacock Award for the best actor.) followed by the Sinema Zetu International Film Festival Award for Best Direction.\n Links: a. Indrajith Sukumaran b. Goa c. Amen (2013 film) d. Goa", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}579{"query": "Question: Which world leader that Obolensky did translation work on their correspondence died first? Passage:Born in 1909 in the family of Orthodox princes Obolensky, from 1925 in exile in France, where, together with his father Nikolai Leonidovich Obolensky adopted Catholicism. He went to the Benedictines, where studied philosophy, and in 1943 he defended his doctoral degree from Pontifical Atheneum of St. Anselm in Rome. From 1935 he studied at Russicum. Ordained priest in 1940, Obolensky was sent to Paris, where he taught at Saint George Boarding in Meudon. He was also a member of the Congress of Russian Catholics in 1950 in Rome. Obolensky taught courses on the history of Russian literature and philosophy in Rome, Meudon and Bergamo. He worked as an expert on the Soviet Union in NATO. He was also author of books on the Soviet economy, translated the correspondence of Joseph Stalin, Franklin Roosevelt and Winston Churchill, and the memoirs of Georgy Zhukov and was engaged in the Soviet dissident literature. He died in 1992 in Belgium, the home of his sister.\n Links: a. Joseph Stalin b. Joseph Stalin c. Belgium d. Obolensky", "pos": "Question: In which country was Sergey's family once royalty? Passage:Born in 1909 in the family of Orthodox princes Obolensky, from 1925 in exile in France, where, together with his father Nikolai Leonidovich Obolensky adopted Catholicism. He went to the Benedictines, where studied philosophy, and in 1943 he defended his doctoral degree from Pontifical Atheneum of St. Anselm in Rome. From 1935 he studied at Russicum. Ordained priest in 1940, Obolensky was sent to Paris, where he taught at Saint George Boarding in Meudon. He was also a member of the Congress of Russian Catholics in 1950 in Rome. Obolensky taught courses on the history of Russian literature and philosophy in Rome, Meudon and Bergamo. He worked as an expert on the Soviet Union in NATO. He was also author of books on the Soviet economy, translated the correspondence of Joseph Stalin, Franklin Roosevelt and Winston Churchill, and the memoirs of Georgy Zhukov and was engaged in the Soviet dissident literature. He died in 1992 in Belgium, the home of his sister.\n Links: a. Obolensky b. Georgy Zhukov c. Bergamo d. Benedictines", "neg": "Question: Was the person whose memoirs were translated by Obolensky a Russian general? Passage:Born in 1909 in the family of Orthodox princes Obolensky, from 1925 in exile in France, where, together with his father Nikolai Leonidovich Obolensky adopted Catholicism. He went to the Benedictines, where studied philosophy, and in 1943 he defended his doctoral degree from Pontifical Atheneum of St. Anselm in Rome. From 1935 he studied at Russicum. Ordained priest in 1940, Obolensky was sent to Paris, where he taught at Saint George Boarding in Meudon. He was also a member of the Congress of Russian Catholics in 1950 in Rome. Obolensky taught courses on the history of Russian literature and philosophy in Rome, Meudon and Bergamo. He worked as an expert on the Soviet Union in NATO. He was also author of books on the Soviet economy, translated the correspondence of Joseph Stalin, Franklin Roosevelt and Winston Churchill, and the memoirs of Georgy Zhukov and was engaged in the Soviet dissident literature. He died in 1992 in Belgium, the home of his sister.\n Links: a. Franklin D. Roosevelt b. Georgy Zhukov c. Winston Churchill d. Meudon", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}580{"query": "Question: Which of Khalid's two sons outlived the other? Passage:Khalid was a member of the Shayban tribe, dominant in the region of Diyar Bakr in the northern Jazira, and third son of Yazid ibn Mazyad al-Shaybani, who served twice as Arab governor (ostikan) of Arminiya (a large province encompassing the whole of Transcaucasia). Khalid served in the same office no less than four times: in 813/814, 828–832, briefly in 841 and again under Caliph al-Wathiq (r. 842–845). In his first tenure, he showed himself conciliatory towards the native Christian population and the nakharar princes, but his second tenure was marked by the brutal suppression of several revolts by local Arab magnates, as well as the harsh treatment of the Christian population. As a result, when his re-appointment to the office was announced in 841, a rebellion broke out, forcing the Abbasid government to recall him immediately. Nevertheless, al-Wathiq assigned Arminiya to Khalid. The latter arrived in the province at the head of an army, and crushed any opposition. He died soon after at Dvin, where he was buried. He was succeeded by his son, Muhammad. His younger son Haytham ibn Khalid ruled in the family's stronghold of Shirvan, and was the first to claim the title of Shirvanshah.\n Links: a. Nakharar b. Transcaucasia c. Muhammad ibn Khalid d. Muhammad ibn Khalid", "pos": "Question: How old was Ali Bey al-Kabir the year that he had a violent confrontation with Uthman Pasha al-Kurji? Passage:Also in 1764, while Uthman was leading the annual Hajj pilgrimage, he had a violent confrontation with Ali Bey al-Kabir, an influential mamluk from Egypt. When Ali Bey was exiled by the governor of Egypt to Gaza (part of Damascus Eyalet) in 1766, Uthman attempted to drive him out. Uthman managed to have his son, Darwish Pasha, appointed as the governor of Sidon in November 1770 and sometime prior to that, had his other son, Muhammad Pasha, appointed as governor of Tripoli. In 1771, Ali Bey, by now the rebellious governor of Egypt, had dispatched an army under commanders Abu al-Dahab and Ismail Bey to subdue Damascus. Together with Zahir, the combined armies of Egypt and Palestine defeated Uthman's army outside of Damascus and Uthman fled north to the city of Homs. The city fell shortly thereafter, although they did not capture the Citadel of Damascus, which was subsequently besieged. However, Abu al-Dahab suddenly withdrew from the area, citing his fears of violating Islamic principles since seizing an Ottoman province was in effect a direct challenge to the authority of the Ottoman sultan, who held the highest religious honor as the caliph of Islam.\n Links: a. Islam b. List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire c. Ali Bey al-Kabir d. List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire", "neg": "Question: Who succeeded Khalid's father as governor of Arminiya? Passage:Khalid was a member of the Shayban tribe, dominant in the region of Diyar Bakr in the northern Jazira, and third son of Yazid ibn Mazyad al-Shaybani, who served twice as Arab governor (ostikan) of Arminiya (a large province encompassing the whole of Transcaucasia). Khalid served in the same office no less than four times: in 813/814, 828–832, briefly in 841 and again under Caliph al-Wathiq (r. 842–845). In his first tenure, he showed himself conciliatory towards the native Christian population and the nakharar princes, but his second tenure was marked by the brutal suppression of several revolts by local Arab magnates, as well as the harsh treatment of the Christian population. As a result, when his re-appointment to the office was announced in 841, a rebellion broke out, forcing the Abbasid government to recall him immediately. Nevertheless, al-Wathiq assigned Arminiya to Khalid. The latter arrived in the province at the head of an army, and crushed any opposition. He died soon after at Dvin, where he was buried. He was succeeded by his son, Muhammad. His younger son Haytham ibn Khalid ruled in the family's stronghold of Shirvan, and was the first to claim the title of Shirvanshah.\n Links: a. Nakharar b. Dvin (ancient city) c. Diyar Bakr d. Arminiya", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}581{"query": "Question: Which of the universities Hubble worked for was founded first? Passage:Hubble was born on 25 December 1900 to Harry Edward Hubble and Agnes Kate (née Field). He graduated from St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical College, qualifying with the Conjoint in 1924, and receiving the MBBS in 1926. He began his career as a general practitioner in Derby and joined Derbyshire Children's Hospital as a consultant in 1932, and obtaining the MD in 1934. He developed an interest in paediatric endocrinology, and gained a national reputation for his expertise after publishing numerous articles in the field. He worked simultaneously as a general practitioner and a specialist paediatrician until 1942, when he was appointed as a physician to the Derbyshire Royal Infirmary and Derby City Hospital. He resigned from general practice in 1948 following the formation of the National Health Service. In 1950 he gained membership of the Royal College of Physicians and became a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians in 1954. He later joined the University of Birmingham Medical School in 1958 as the chair of paediatrics, and worked principally on the development of the Institute of Child Health. He became Public Orator of the university, and was later became dean of the Faculty of Medicine in 1963. He was forced to retire from Birmingham in 1968, 3 years beyond his retiring age, but moved to Ethiopia to become the dean of the Faculty of Medicine at Addis Ababa University.\n Links: a. National Health Service b. National Health Service c. Derbyshire Royal Infirmary d. University of Birmingham Medical School", "pos": "Question: Which university where Robinson enrolled was established the earliest? Passage:Robinson was born in Manchester to James Arthur Robinson and Ann (née Lamplugh) in 1919. She went to a private school and later the Manchester Girls' High School. After the divorce of her parents in 1938 she went to the University of Hamburg for premedical studies but this was interrupted by the war. Returning to England, she worked at the British Woollen Industries Research Association in Leeds where she attended evening lectures in Paleontology at Leeds University by Dorothy Rayner, which captured her interest. She worked from 1942 to 1945 at the Royal Ordnance factory at Thorp Arch, West Yorkshire. She worked for about two years as a librarian at the Geological Society in London before enrolling for geology at the University College London in 1947. She was influenced at university by J. B. S. Haldane, Walter Georg Kühne and D. M. S. Watson. Graduating in 1951 with first-class honours, he continued post-graduate research and became an assistant lecturer in zoology. She received a Ph.D. in 1957 for her studies on the gliding lizard Kuehneosaurus but she also studied the stratigraphy and fossils of the Mendip Hills in Gloucestershire. She published on the Late Triassic fauna of the Bristol Channel. She was invited through the influence of Haldane to the Indian Statistical Institute at Calcutta by Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis and helped establish a geology department there. She mentored and influenced Indian researchers and created a program for the study of the paleontology of the Gondwana strata as well as the Maleri Formation in the Deccan region. A symposium on Gondwana Stratigraphy was held in 1967.\n Links: a. University of Hamburg b. University of Leeds c. J. B. S. Haldane d. University College London", "neg": "Question: What is the student enrollment of the school where Hubble graduated with Conjoint in 1924? Passage:Hubble was born on 25 December 1900 to Harry Edward Hubble and Agnes Kate (née Field). He graduated from St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical College, qualifying with the Conjoint in 1924, and receiving the MBBS in 1926. He began his career as a general practitioner in Derby and joined Derbyshire Children's Hospital as a consultant in 1932, and obtaining the MD in 1934. He developed an interest in paediatric endocrinology, and gained a national reputation for his expertise after publishing numerous articles in the field. He worked simultaneously as a general practitioner and a specialist paediatrician until 1942, when he was appointed as a physician to the Derbyshire Royal Infirmary and Derby City Hospital. He resigned from general practice in 1948 following the formation of the National Health Service. In 1950 he gained membership of the Royal College of Physicians and became a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians in 1954. He later joined the University of Birmingham Medical School in 1958 as the chair of paediatrics, and worked principally on the development of the Institute of Child Health. He became Public Orator of the university, and was later became dean of the Faculty of Medicine in 1963. He was forced to retire from Birmingham in 1968, 3 years beyond his retiring age, but moved to Ethiopia to become the dean of the Faculty of Medicine at Addis Ababa University.\n Links: a. Public Orator b. Royal College of Physicians c. Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry d. Derbyshire Children's Hospital", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}582{"query": "Question: What does UNESCO stand for? Passage:Wyndham devoted much of his life to public service outside of his role in the Department of Education. In 1945 he led the Australian delegation at the conference which created UNESCO and was a member of the Australian delegation to UNESCO in 1958 and again in 1966. In 1959 he represented Australia at the Commonwealth Education Conference at Oxford and again in New Delhi in 1962. He was a Fellow of the Royal Institute of Public Administration and a Fellow and President (1963–1965) of the Australian College of Educators. He was Chairman of the NSW State Library Board, NSW State Archives Authority, Secondary Schools Board, Board of Senior School Studies, Board of Teacher Education, Sydney Symphony Orchestra Advisory Committee and Intellectually Handicapped Standing Committee amongst others. He was a member of the Senate of the University of Sydney, Council of the University of New South Wales, Council of the University of New England, Council of Macquarie University, Technical Education Advisory Council and the Sydney Opera House Trust. In 1961 Wyndham was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire for services to education in NSW and in 1969 appointed a Knight Bachelor.\n Links: a. University of Sydney b. Oxford c. UNESCO d. Sydney Opera House Trust", "pos": "Question: Who are some other people that have been appointed a Knight Bachelor? Passage:Wyndham devoted much of his life to public service outside of his role in the Department of Education. In 1945 he led the Australian delegation at the conference which created UNESCO and was a member of the Australian delegation to UNESCO in 1958 and again in 1966. In 1959 he represented Australia at the Commonwealth Education Conference at Oxford and again in New Delhi in 1962. He was a Fellow of the Royal Institute of Public Administration and a Fellow and President (1963–1965) of the Australian College of Educators. He was Chairman of the NSW State Library Board, NSW State Archives Authority, Secondary Schools Board, Board of Senior School Studies, Board of Teacher Education, Sydney Symphony Orchestra Advisory Committee and Intellectually Handicapped Standing Committee amongst others. He was a member of the Senate of the University of Sydney, Council of the University of New South Wales, Council of the University of New England, Council of Macquarie University, Technical Education Advisory Council and the Sydney Opera House Trust. In 1961 Wyndham was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire for services to education in NSW and in 1969 appointed a Knight Bachelor.\n Links: a. Macquarie University b. University of New South Wales c. Knight Bachelor d. Knight Bachelor", "neg": "Question: Who popularized a song about the organization he was national president of in 1960? Passage:He was born at Launceston in Tasmania to draper Alexander Morrison McLaren and Elsie Elizabeth Gibbins. He attended Caulfield Grammar School and then the University of Melbourne, becoming an accountant. In 1938 he embarked on a world tour, returning in 1939. He served in the Royal Australian Navy from 1942 to 1945 and returned to become a partner in the accountancy firm Harris & McLaren. On 16 April 1941 he married Eileen Porter, with whom he had four children. From 1945 to 1947 he was the independent member for Glen Iris in the Victorian Legislative Assembly. Following his defeat he joined the Liberal Party, and served on Malvern City Council from 1951 to 1953. From 1957 to 1963 he was national president of the YMCA, and he served as world vice-president from 1961 to 1969; he was also awarded the OBE in 1959. In 1965 he returned to the Legislative Assembly as the Liberal member for Caulfield, changing seats to Bennettswood in 1967. From 1973 he was Deputy Speaker. McLaren retired from politics in 1979, and died in 2000.\n Links: a. City of Malvern b. YMCA c. Victorian Legislative Assembly d. YMCA", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}583{"query": "Question: How many times did Kathryn Day perform at the Metropolitan Opera House? Passage:Born in Philadelphia, Day studied at the Jacobs School of Music at Indiana University and at the Curtis Institute of Music where she was a pupil of Margaret Harshaw. She placed third in the finals of the Metropolitan Opera National Council Auditions in 1973, which led to her debut performance at the Metropolitan Opera House on March 25, 1973 singing \"Come scoglio\" from Così fan tutte and \"Song to the Moon\" from Rusalka. She made her professional opera debut in 1972 with the Pennsylvania Opera Company as Violetta in La traviata. That same year she was the soprano soloist in Verdi's Requiem with the Mendelssohn Club. In 1973 she portrayed Mimi in La bohème and Violetta with the Little Lyric Opera Company in Philadelphia. In 1974 she made her debut with the Philadelphia Lyric Opera Company as Nella in Gianni Schicchi.\n Links: a. Metropolitan Opera House (Lincoln Center) b. Requiem (Verdi) c. Metropolitan Opera House (Lincoln Center) d. Indiana University", "pos": "Question: How many people attend Jacobs School of Music each year? Passage:Born in Philadelphia, Day studied at the Jacobs School of Music at Indiana University and at the Curtis Institute of Music where she was a pupil of Margaret Harshaw. She placed third in the finals of the Metropolitan Opera National Council Auditions in 1973, which led to her debut performance at the Metropolitan Opera House on March 25, 1973 singing \"Come scoglio\" from Così fan tutte and \"Song to the Moon\" from Rusalka. She made her professional opera debut in 1972 with the Pennsylvania Opera Company as Violetta in La traviata. That same year she was the soprano soloist in Verdi's Requiem with the Mendelssohn Club. In 1973 she portrayed Mimi in La bohème and Violetta with the Little Lyric Opera Company in Philadelphia. In 1974 she made her debut with the Philadelphia Lyric Opera Company as Nella in Gianni Schicchi.\n Links: a. Jacobs School of Music b. Così fan tutte c. Indiana University d. Indiana University", "neg": "Question: Did the production of La fille du regiment have more shows at the Royal Opera House or at the Vienna State Opera? Passage:The year 2007 saw Dessay premiering Laurent Pelly's production of La fille du régiment at the London Royal Opera House in January and the Vienna State Opera in April. She performed the title role in Manon at the Liceu in Barcelona in June/July and opened the season at the Metropolitan Opera in the new Mary Zimmerman production of Lucia di Lammermoor. She returned in the same season to sing Lucia again and subsequently reprised in Pelly's production of La fille du régiment. She went on performing Lucia at the San Francisco Opera and a joint concert with tenor Jonas Kaufmann at Le Corum in Montpellier as part of the Festival de Radio France et Montpellier. In October, she sang Manon at the Lyric Opera of Chicago.\n Links: a. Metropolitan Opera b. Festival de Radio France et Montpellier c. Manon d. La fille du régiment", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}584{"query": "Question: What are the effects of hypoplastic left heart syndrome? Passage:The Yasui procedure is a pediatric heart operation used to bypass the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) that combines the aortic repair of the Norwood procedure and a shunt similar to that used in the Rastelli procedure in a single operation. It is used to repair defects that result in the physiology of hypoplastic left heart syndrome even though both ventricles are functioning normally. These defects are common in DiGeorge syndrome and include interrupted aortic arch and LVOT obstruction (IAA/LVOTO); aortic atresia-severe stenosis with ventricular septal defect (AA/VSD); and aortic atresia with interrupted aortic arch and aortopulmonary window. This procedure allows the surgeon to keep the left ventricle connected to the systemic circulation while using the pulmonary valve as its outflow valve, by connecting them through the ventricular septal defect. The Yasui procedure includes a modified Damus–Kaye–Stansel procedure to connect the aortic and pulmonary roots, allowing the coronary arteries to remain perfused. It was first described in 1987.\n Links: a. Circulatory system b. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome c. Interrupted aortic arch d. Circulatory system", "pos": "Question: Why would the pulmonary valve be used as an outflow valve? Passage:The Yasui procedure is a pediatric heart operation used to bypass the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) that combines the aortic repair of the Norwood procedure and a shunt similar to that used in the Rastelli procedure in a single operation. It is used to repair defects that result in the physiology of hypoplastic left heart syndrome even though both ventricles are functioning normally. These defects are common in DiGeorge syndrome and include interrupted aortic arch and LVOT obstruction (IAA/LVOTO); aortic atresia-severe stenosis with ventricular septal defect (AA/VSD); and aortic atresia with interrupted aortic arch and aortopulmonary window. This procedure allows the surgeon to keep the left ventricle connected to the systemic circulation while using the pulmonary valve as its outflow valve, by connecting them through the ventricular septal defect. The Yasui procedure includes a modified Damus–Kaye–Stansel procedure to connect the aortic and pulmonary roots, allowing the coronary arteries to remain perfused. It was first described in 1987.\n Links: a. DiGeorge syndrome b. Circulatory system c. Ventricular septal defect d. Ventricular septal defect", "neg": "Question: Who is the manufacturer of the suture that its breakdown can be hastened because of bacteria? Passage:A primary cause of wound dehiscence is sub-acute infection, resulting from inadequate or imperfect aseptic technique. Coated suture, such as Vicryl, generally breaks down at a rate predicted to correspond with tissue healing, but is hastened in the presence of bacteria. In the absence of other known metabolic factors which inhibit healing and may have contributed to suture dehiscence, sub-acute infection should be suspected and the protocol of obtaining wound cultures followed by treatment with the appropriate antibiotics should be undertaken. Dehiscence can also be caused by inadequate undermining (cutting the skin away from the underlying tissues) of the wound during surgery, excessive tension on the wound edges caused by lifting or straining, or the wound being located on a highly mobile or high tension area such as the back, shoulders or legs. Individuals with Ehlers–Danlos syndrome also commonly experience wound dehiscence. Risk factors can include any of the above as well as obesity, smoking, previous scarring, surgical error, cancer, chronic use of corticosteroids and increased abdominal pressure. A very common cause is also use and especially overuse of nicotine in any form. Smoking should therefore be stopped a certain time before any surgery.\n Links: a. Vicryl b. Bacteria c. Vicryl d. Ehlers–Danlos syndromes", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}585{"query": "Question: What year did Masashi win national amateur title at Senshu University? Passage:Oso was interested in sumo from a young age, as his father was the director of the Ibaraki Prefecture sumo association. He won national amateur titles at high school and at Senshu University, where he was a rival of Tosanoumi. He made his professional debut in January 1993 in the third makushita division, as due to his amateur achievements he had been given makushita tsukedashi status. He breezed through makushita undefeated with two consecutive 7–0 scores to earn promotion to the second jūryō division, whereupon he changed his shikona from Oso to Musōyama, meaning \"twin warrior mountain.\" He made his debut in the top makuuchi division in September 1993. It took him only seven tournaments from his professional debut to make the san'yaku ranks, debuting at sekiwake in March 1994. In September he won his first eleven matches, finishing as runner up to Takanohana with a fine 13–2 record. Over the next few years he was regularly ranked at either sekiwake or komusubi, but was unable to make the next step up. He suffered a number of injuries, including a dislocated shoulder and a persistent problem with his left big toe which affected his speed of movement.\n Links: a. Makuuchi b. Senshu University c. Makuuchi d. Senshu University", "pos": "Question: In which country did Tetsuo attend college? Passage:A former amateur champion at Nihon University, he turned professional at the age of 23, joining Kasugano stable in March 1981. He reached the top makuuchi division in September 1983, and in 1984 he earned his first special prize for Fighting Spirit, and defeated Takanosato in his first ever bout against a yokozuna to earn his first of his three kinboshi. He spent most of 1985 in the second jūryō division, but in 1986 made the san'yaku ranks at komusubi. In November 1987 he scored 10–5 from the maegashira 6 ranking, defeating two ōzeki and winning the Technique Prize. This earned him promotion to his highest rank of sekiwake for the following tournament in January 1988. However, by the end of the year he was in jūryō again due to injury problems. He won the jūryō yūshō on two occasions in 1989 and won promotion back to the top division. After missing the September 1990 tournament he fell to jūryō again and made only one more appearance in makuuchi before retiring in May 1992 at the age of 34.\n Links: a. Kasugano stable b. Nihon University c. Kinboshi d. Nihon University", "neg": "Question: Did Masashi make his debut before Tosanoumi? Passage:Oso was interested in sumo from a young age, as his father was the director of the Ibaraki Prefecture sumo association. He won national amateur titles at high school and at Senshu University, where he was a rival of Tosanoumi. He made his professional debut in January 1993 in the third makushita division, as due to his amateur achievements he had been given makushita tsukedashi status. He breezed through makushita undefeated with two consecutive 7–0 scores to earn promotion to the second jūryō division, whereupon he changed his shikona from Oso to Musōyama, meaning \"twin warrior mountain.\" He made his debut in the top makuuchi division in September 1993. It took him only seven tournaments from his professional debut to make the san'yaku ranks, debuting at sekiwake in March 1994. In September he won his first eleven matches, finishing as runner up to Takanohana with a fine 13–2 record. Over the next few years he was regularly ranked at either sekiwake or komusubi, but was unable to make the next step up. He suffered a number of injuries, including a dislocated shoulder and a persistent problem with his left big toe which affected his speed of movement.\n Links: a. Makuuchi b. Shikona c. Tosanoumi Toshio d. Glossary of sumo terms", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}586{"query": "Question: Who did the Tar Hells defeat to win the ACC Tournament in 2007? Passage:Williams quickly reloaded the team with top talent, bringing in recruits like Brandan Wright, Ty Lawson, Wayne Ellington and Deon Thompson. The 2006–07 team tied as ACC regular season champions, earning the tiebreak over the Virginia Cavaliers. With the #1 seed, the Tar Heels won the ACC Tournament. After earning a #1 seed in the East Region in the 2007 NCAA Tournament, Williams' team won its first-round game against Eastern Kentucky Colonels 86–65 and its second against Michigan State 81–67. North Carolina then defeated the USC Trojans 74–64 to advance to the Elite Eight. On March 24, 2007, North Carolina fell to the Georgetown Hoyas in overtime in the East Regional, ending its post-season run. Following the 2006–2007 season, Williams announced on July 18, 2007, that he had vertigo, a condition that occasionally forces him to sit down suddenly during games.\n Links: a. 2006–07 Atlantic Coast Conference men's basketball season b. Michigan State Spartans men's basketball c. 2007 ACC Men's Basketball Tournament d. Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball", "pos": "Question: Which team did Houston face in the finals of the AAC tournament the same year that they were regular season champions? Passage:On April 3, 2014, Houston hired Kelvin Sampson as the new Cougars head coach. Sampson had just become eligible to be a college coach again after receiving a five-year show cause penalty in 2008 for sanctions against him during his time as Indiana head coach. In 2014–15, Houston struggled again, finishing with a 13–19 record and 4–14 in the AAC. The 2015–16 team led a resurgence, finishing 22–10, 12–6, but lost in the AAC Tournament and in the first round of the NIT. In 2017–18, the Cougars compiled a 27–8 record, reaching the finals of the AAC Tournament and winning a game in the NCAA Tournament for the first time since 1984. In 2018–19, the Cougars' success continued as they set a program record for wins with a 33–4 mark. They were AAC regular-season champions but fell in the finals of the conference tournament. They proceeded to the NCAA Tournament, where they reached the Sweet Sixteen for the first time in 35 years.\n Links: a. 2016 National Invitation Tournament b. 2018–19 Houston Cougars men's basketball team c. 2019 American Athletic Conference Men's Basketball Tournament d. 2019 American Athletic Conference Men's Basketball Tournament", "neg": "Question: Which state was the #8 seed school in the 2011 NCAA tournament from? Passage:The 2011 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament was the first time since the tournament expanded to 64 teams in 1985 that two mid-majors met in the Final Four. The Butler University Bulldogs returned for their second consecutive appearance after winning the Southeast Regional in New Orleans as a #8 seed. The Virginia Commonwealth University Rams of the Colonial Athletic Association advanced to their first Final Four appearance after winning the Southwest Regional in San Antonio as a #11 seed. VCU became the first team in history to win five games to reach the Final Four, winning the First Four round in its inaugural year. VCU tied LSU in 1986 and fellow CAA team, George Mason, in 2006 as the highest seed to reach the Final Four (#11). The previous time two mid-majors advanced to the same Final Four was the 1979 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament, when Indiana State of the Missouri Valley and Penn of the Ivy League qualified. Butler is no longer a mid-major due to its membership in the Big East since 2013. VCU has since joined the Atlantic 10, where it has consistently been among the top teams, even following the departure of coach Shaka Smart for Texas in 2015, and his successor, Will Wade, for LSU in 2017. \n Links: a. Butler University b. LSU Tigers basketball c. 2011 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament d. Penn Quakers men's basketball", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}587{"query": "Question: How old was Zapolya when he appointed Vrancic as the provost of the Buda cathedral? Passage:In 1530 John Zápolya appointed him as the provost of the Buda cathedral and as a royal secretary. Between 1530-1539 he was also the deputy of the King and after his death he remained with his widow, Isabella Jagiellon. In 1541 he moved with her to Transylvania, but he mostly traveled fulfilling diplomatic services because of his disagreement with cardinal Juraj Utješinović's policy of claiming the Hungarian throne for Isabella's and Zápolya's infant son (instead of conceding it to Ferdinand I as per Treaty of Nagyvárad). Utješinović, appointed by Zápolya as a guardian of his son, John Sigismund Zápolya, fought against Ferdinand and allied himself with the Ottoman Empire.\n Links: a. John Zápolya b. John Zápolya c. Matthias Church d. Treaty of Nagyvárad", "pos": "Question: Was Isabella married to John Zapolya when he appointed Vrancic as provost and royal secretary? Passage:In 1530 John Zápolya appointed him as the provost of the Buda cathedral and as a royal secretary. Between 1530-1539 he was also the deputy of the King and after his death he remained with his widow, Isabella Jagiellon. In 1541 he moved with her to Transylvania, but he mostly traveled fulfilling diplomatic services because of his disagreement with cardinal Juraj Utješinović's policy of claiming the Hungarian throne for Isabella's and Zápolya's infant son (instead of conceding it to Ferdinand I as per Treaty of Nagyvárad). Utješinović, appointed by Zápolya as a guardian of his son, John Sigismund Zápolya, fought against Ferdinand and allied himself with the Ottoman Empire.\n Links: a. John Zápolya b. Provost (religion) c. Isabella Jagiellon d. Eastern Hungarian Kingdom", "neg": "Question: How old was Jovan Rajić when he became a priest in Kovilj? Passage:The present, stone church, was built from 1741 to 1749 by the neimars (builders) Teodor Kosta and Nikola Krapić. It was built in the Morava architectural school style of Serbo-Byzantine architecture and patterned after Manasija and Ravanica. In 1758, Empress Maria Theresa issued a document which set the monastery's estate. By the imperial privilege, the land was strictly divided between the monastery and the nearby settlement of Koviljski Šanac. The establishment of the Šajkaš Battalion in 1763, Serbian settlements surrounding the monastery were repopulated and preserved, which also influenced the prosperity of the monastery. Forerunner of the modern Serbian historiography, Jovan Rajić, became a priest in Kovilj and was appointed the archimandrite of the monastery in 1772, where he died in 1801. During the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, the rebels used the monastery as their base in 1849 which forced the monks to move across the Danube, into the Syrmia region. When they returned after the collapse of the rebellion, the monastery was looted and burned, and many historical treasures have been lost. The new church damaged inside while the old one was almost completely ruined, so it was demolished in 1850. Since 1850, the monks began to collect funds for the restoration. Some of it was secured by the Austrian state, some by the donations of the population and some was help from Russia. Young painter Aksentije Marodić has painted the new iconostas in the 1880s, including the scenes from the life of Christ and replicas of the most famous paintings from that period which Marodić copied from the galleries in Vienna, Munich, Paris, Rome, Venice, and Naples. The walls themselves are not painted. Woodworks and carvings are work of Jovan Kisner, while the gold plating and marble work were done by Ludvig Tauš. The work on the interior turned out to be quite lengthy, as it lasted until 1891/92.\n Links: a. Aksentije Marodić b. Jovan Rajić c. Aksentije Marodić d. Russia", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}588{"query": "Question: Of the three coaches Wake Forest had from 2007 to 2014, who coached the team the longest? Passage:Wake Forest is generally regarded as a competitive program in men's basketball, frequently qualifying for the NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship (23 times in the school's history). They reached the Final Four once, in 1962. The school's famous basketball alumni include Billy Packer, a guard on the 1962 Final Four team who became far more famous as a basketball broadcaster; Tyrone Curtis \"Muggsy\" Bogues, the shortest player ever to play in the NBA; Randolph Childress, for his MVP performance in the 1995 ACC Tournament; Washington Wizards swingman Josh Howard; Miami Heat forward James Johnson; Chris Paul of the Oklahoma City Thunder, 2006 NBA Rookie of the Year Award,9-time NBA All-star; and two-time league MVP, Five-time NBA Champion and three-time NBA Finals MVP Tim Duncan, and Minnesota Timberwolves starting point guard and 2015 NBA all-star Jeff Teague. Lawrence Joel Veterans Memorial Coliseum is the home venue for the Demon Deacons basketball team. Skip Prosser, Wake Forest University's men's basketball coach since 2001, died in Winston-Salem on July 26, 2007. One of Prosser's assistant coaches, Dino Gaudio, was named to replace him. On April 13, 2010, Jeff Bzdelik was hired, taking the place of the recently fired Gaudio. Despite no post-season success (0 wins in 3 ACC Tournament attempts) and an 11–42 record against ACC competition over the first three years of his tenure, Athletic Director Ron Wellman announced that Bzdelik would return for a fourth season as coach. On March 20, 2014, Jeff Bzdelik resigned his position as head coach. On April 4, 2014, Wake Forest hired former NCAA Champion and NBA player Danny Manning as its new head coach.\n Links: a. Miami Heat b. James Johnson (basketball, born 1987) c. Skip Prosser d. Miami Heat", "pos": "Question: What college did Wagner's fourth year head coach attend? Passage:The 2015–16 Wagner Seahawks men's basketball team represented Wagner College during the 2015–16 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Seahawks were led by fourth year head coach Bashir Mason. They played their home games at Spiro Sports Center on the College's Staten Island campus and were members of the Northeast Conference. They finished the season 23–11, 13–5 in NEC play to win the regular season championship. They defeated Robert Morris and LIU Brooklyn to advance to the championship game of the NEC Tournament where they lost to Fairleigh Dickinson. As a regular season conference champion who failed to win their conference tournament, they received an automatic bid to the National Invitation Tournament where they defeated St. Bonaventure in the first round before losing in the second round to Creighton.\n Links: a. Wagner College b. Northeast Conference c. Bashir Mason d. 2015–16 NCAA Division I men's basketball season", "neg": "Question: How long did the coach Bzdelik replaced coach the Wake Forest team? Passage:Wake Forest is generally regarded as a competitive program in men's basketball, frequently qualifying for the NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship (23 times in the school's history). They reached the Final Four once, in 1962. The school's famous basketball alumni include Billy Packer, a guard on the 1962 Final Four team who became far more famous as a basketball broadcaster; Tyrone Curtis \"Muggsy\" Bogues, the shortest player ever to play in the NBA; Randolph Childress, for his MVP performance in the 1995 ACC Tournament; Washington Wizards swingman Josh Howard; Miami Heat forward James Johnson; Chris Paul of the Oklahoma City Thunder, 2006 NBA Rookie of the Year Award,9-time NBA All-star; and two-time league MVP, Five-time NBA Champion and three-time NBA Finals MVP Tim Duncan, and Minnesota Timberwolves starting point guard and 2015 NBA all-star Jeff Teague. Lawrence Joel Veterans Memorial Coliseum is the home venue for the Demon Deacons basketball team. Skip Prosser, Wake Forest University's men's basketball coach since 2001, died in Winston-Salem on July 26, 2007. One of Prosser's assistant coaches, Dino Gaudio, was named to replace him. On April 13, 2010, Jeff Bzdelik was hired, taking the place of the recently fired Gaudio. Despite no post-season success (0 wins in 3 ACC Tournament attempts) and an 11–42 record against ACC competition over the first three years of his tenure, Athletic Director Ron Wellman announced that Bzdelik would return for a fourth season as coach. On March 20, 2014, Jeff Bzdelik resigned his position as head coach. On April 4, 2014, Wake Forest hired former NCAA Champion and NBA player Danny Manning as its new head coach.\n Links: a. Dino Gaudio b. NBA Finals c. Final four d. Lawrence Joel Veterans Memorial Coliseum", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}589{"query": "Question: Did SFA chief Jim Farry work in football again after being relieved of his duties for holding back the player's registration? Passage:On 24 February 1996, Cadete was introduced at Celtic Park, Glasgow to supporters before Celtic's league match against Partick Thistle. However, due to lengthy negotiations between Celtic and Sporting and issues with registering the player, his transfer was not finalised until April, and turned out to be controversial: despite being signed prior to the transfer deadline, the Scottish Football Association delayed processing his registration in time for the Scottish Cup semi-finals against Rangers at Hampden Park, and following a complaint from Celtic chairman Fergus McCann, SFA chief Jim Farry was eventually relieved of his duties after being found guilty of deliberately holding back the player's registration. His eventual debut came at home against Aberdeen as he came off the bench to score his team's fifth goal in a 5–0 win, thus becoming an instant hit; the loud roar generated by the fans celebrating his goal blew out BBC Radio 5's microphones, who had been covering the game UK wide on radio, and they went off air for a short time until it was repaired.\n Links: a. BBC Radio 5 Live b. Partick Thistle F.C. c. Jim Farry d. Substitute (association football)", "pos": "Question: How long has the Scottish Football Association been in existence when they delayed processing Cadete's registration? Passage:On 24 February 1996, Cadete was introduced at Celtic Park, Glasgow to supporters before Celtic's league match against Partick Thistle. However, due to lengthy negotiations between Celtic and Sporting and issues with registering the player, his transfer was not finalised until April, and turned out to be controversial: despite being signed prior to the transfer deadline, the Scottish Football Association delayed processing his registration in time for the Scottish Cup semi-finals against Rangers at Hampden Park, and following a complaint from Celtic chairman Fergus McCann, SFA chief Jim Farry was eventually relieved of his duties after being found guilty of deliberately holding back the player's registration. His eventual debut came at home against Aberdeen as he came off the bench to score his team's fifth goal in a 5–0 win, thus becoming an instant hit; the loud roar generated by the fans celebrating his goal blew out BBC Radio 5's microphones, who had been covering the game UK wide on radio, and they went off air for a short time until it was repaired.\n Links: a. Celtic Park b. Scottish Cup c. Scottish Football Association d. Scottish Football Association", "neg": "Question: What stadium does the team  Slater was released from in 2005 play in? Passage:Released from Wolverhampton Wanderers in 2005 without a first-team appearance to his name, Slater joined non-league Chasetown. Helping the \"Chase\" take Oldham Athletic to a replay at Boundary Park in the first round of the FA Cup in November 2005 was just the beginning of Slater's and Chasetown's cup adventures. By April 2006 he had won a trial with Tranmere Rovers, and was also being looked at by Blackpool and Crewe Alexandra, all English Football League clubs. He helped Chasetown to win the Midland Football Alliance title at the end of the 2005–06 season. He was at The Scholar Ground for the first season of the new Southern League Division One Midlands tier (2006–07). He came to prominence when playing in Chasetown's 1–0 FA Cup victory over League One Port Vale in December 2007. In doing this he helped Chasetown become the lowest ever ranked club to reach as far as the Third Round (proper) of the FA Cup. Vale was the eighth club Chasetown had vanquished in their campaign that season. In his three years at the club he had played 146 league games for the \"Scholars\", scoring one goal.\n Links: a. Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C. b. 2005–06 FA Cup c. 2006–07 Southern Football League d. Boundary Park", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}590{"query": "Question: How old was Arnel Pineda when he joined the band? Passage:The Eclipse Tour was a concert tour by American rock band Journey. It was in support of the group's fourteenth studio album Eclipse. The album is Arnel Pineda's second since joining the band in 2007. Special guests on the 2011 tour include Foreigner and Night Ranger for most of the North American dates, Styx for the European dates, and Sweet for South American dates. The tour was the sixth top-grossing concert tour from July 23, 2011 to September 23, 2011 bringing in over $21 million and selling over 900,000 tickets. For the 2012 U.S. tour, special guests were Pat Benatar and Loverboy, and the guests for the 2013 tour were Deep Purple for the Australian dates, and Whitesnake for the European dates. For the 2014–2015 tour, the Steve Miller Band co-headlined. The 2016 tour saw the band play with The Doobie Brothers, as well as signal the return of \"classic\" drummer Steve Smith after longtime drummer Deen Castronovo was fired from the group. The 2017 tour had Asia co-headline, and also included the band's induction and performance at their induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. This tour is also the longest-running in the entire history of the band.\n Links: a. Night Ranger b. Eclipse (Journey album) c. The Doobie Brothers d. Arnel Pineda", "pos": "Question: How many countries make up the continent where the 2016 world tour began? Passage:The world tour to support the album began in June 2016 in Europe with a festival tour. The band's headlining tour to support the album will begin in September 2016 in Europe and continue into 2017 throughout the United States and Canada. \"Dark Necessities\", \"Go Robot\", \"Sick Love\" and \"This Ticonderoga\" made their live debuts in May 2016. \"The Getaway\" had actually been teased during their performances of \"Give It Away\" at Ace Hotel for the Feel The Bern Benefit Concert in Los Angeles, CA in February 5, 2016, and at Super Bowl 50 party in San Francisco, CA back in February 2016, however, it went unknown until the band released the song on May 26, 2016. The song would first be performed in its entirety on May 29, 2016. \"We Turn Red\" became the sixth song from the album to be performed live making its debut on June 10, 2016. \"The Longest Wave\" made its live debut on June 14, 2016 at a promotional show in Paris. \"Detroit\" made its live debut on June 29, 2016 at the Roskilde Festival. On July 1, 2016, the Live In Paris EP was released exclusively through the music streaming website Deezer. It features five songs from the band's performance of June 14, 2016 in Paris. \"Goodbye Angels\" made its live debut on July 10, 2016. \"Dreams of a Samurai\" made its live debut on July 24, 2016 at the Fuji Rock Festival in Japan. \"Feasting on the Flowers\" premiered in Oslo, Norway on September 8, 2016.\"Encore\" was finally performed on April 24, 2017 in Jacksonville, FL making \"The Hunter\" the only song to not be performed yet from the album. The tour concluded on October 18, 2017 lasting a year and almost five months and consisted of 151 shows. The tour placed 32nd on Pollstar's year-end top 100 worldwide tours list for 2016, grossing a total of $46.2 million, and it finished as the 18th highest grossing worldwide tour in 2017 grossing $73.5 million.\n Links: a. Bernie Sanders b. Pollstar c. Los Angeles d. Europe", "neg": "Question: How many members were in the band Grouplove performed with as their main support while on a North American Fall tour? Passage:The band released its debut album, Never Trust a Happy Song, on September 13, 2011 through Canvasback/Atlantic Records. They released 4 singles from the album – Colours (which was featured on FIFA 12, albeit as the Captain Cuts remix), \"Tongue Tied\" (which went on to score the band a no. 1 on the US Alternative Chart and featured in several commercials (including one for Apple, and one for Coca-Cola) and an episode of Fox's Glee) Lovely Cup and Itchin On A Photograph. In support of their debut album, the band went on a headlining North American Fall tour and also performed with Two Door Cinema Club as their main support. In December, the band performed at KROQ Almost Acoustic Christmas, which takes place at the Gibson Amphitheatre, in Universal City. On January 3, 2012 the band kicked off their sold-out headline tour in Australia at the Factory Theatre in Sydney and continued their tour in Europe in February. The band began their US Spring 2012 tour on March 6 in Burlington, VT in support of Young The Giant. Throughout the sold-out headline tour the band had featured stops at Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival, Sasquatch! Music Festival, and Bonnaroo Music and Arts Festival.\n Links: a. Universal City, California b. Two Door Cinema Club c. Sasquatch! Music Festival d. Never Trust a Happy Song", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}591{"query": "Question: What years did Cyrus the Great rule the Achaemenid Empire? Passage:Iran is home to one of the world's oldest continuous major civilizations, with historical and urban settlements dating back to 7000 BC. The south-western and western part of the Iranian Plateau participated in the traditional Ancient Near East with Elam, from the Early Bronze Age, and later with various other peoples, such as the Kassites, Mannaeans, and Gutians. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel calls the Persians the \"first Historical People\". The Medes unified Iran as a nation and empire in 625 BC. The Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC), founded by Cyrus the Great, was the first true global superpower state and it ruled from the Balkans to North Africa and also Central Asia, spanning three continents, from their seat of power in Persis (Persepolis). It was the largest empire yet seen and the first world empire. The Achaemenid Empire was the only civilization in all of history to connect over 40% of the global population, accounting for approximately 49.4 million of the world's 112.4 million people in around 480 BC. They were succeeded by the Seleucid, Parthian, and Sasanian Empires, who successively governed Iran for almost 1,000 years and made Iran once again as a leading power in the world. Persia's arch-rival was the Roman Empire and its successor, the Byzantine Empire.\n Links: a. Kassites b. Achaemenid Empire c. Persepolis d. Iranian Plateau", "pos": "Question: Approximately how many people were connected to the Seleuicd Empire? Passage:Iran is home to one of the world's oldest continuous major civilizations, with historical and urban settlements dating back to 7000 BC. The south-western and western part of the Iranian Plateau participated in the traditional Ancient Near East with Elam, from the Early Bronze Age, and later with various other peoples, such as the Kassites, Mannaeans, and Gutians. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel calls the Persians the \"first Historical People\". The Medes unified Iran as a nation and empire in 625 BC. The Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC), founded by Cyrus the Great, was the first true global superpower state and it ruled from the Balkans to North Africa and also Central Asia, spanning three continents, from their seat of power in Persis (Persepolis). It was the largest empire yet seen and the first world empire. The Achaemenid Empire was the only civilization in all of history to connect over 40% of the global population, accounting for approximately 49.4 million of the world's 112.4 million people in around 480 BC. They were succeeded by the Seleucid, Parthian, and Sasanian Empires, who successively governed Iran for almost 1,000 years and made Iran once again as a leading power in the world. Persia's arch-rival was the Roman Empire and its successor, the Byzantine Empire.\n Links: a. Roman Empire b. Seleucid Empire c. Bronze Age d. Mannaeans", "neg": "Question: During what years was the Early Bronze Age? Passage:Iran is home to one of the world's oldest continuous major civilizations, with historical and urban settlements dating back to 7000 BC. The south-western and western part of the Iranian Plateau participated in the traditional Ancient Near East with Elam, from the Early Bronze Age, and later with various other peoples, such as the Kassites, Mannaeans, and Gutians. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel calls the Persians the \"first Historical People\". The Medes unified Iran as a nation and empire in 625 BC. The Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC), founded by Cyrus the Great, was the first true global superpower state and it ruled from the Balkans to North Africa and also Central Asia, spanning three continents, from their seat of power in Persis (Persepolis). It was the largest empire yet seen and the first world empire. The Achaemenid Empire was the only civilization in all of history to connect over 40% of the global population, accounting for approximately 49.4 million of the world's 112.4 million people in around 480 BC. They were succeeded by the Seleucid, Parthian, and Sasanian Empires, who successively governed Iran for almost 1,000 years and made Iran once again as a leading power in the world. Persia's arch-rival was the Roman Empire and its successor, the Byzantine Empire.\n Links: a. Bronze Age b. Cyrus the Great c. Persepolis d. Central Asia", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}592{"query": "Question: Who is the oldest person who wrote the screenplay for Aeon Flux? Passage:The screenplay was written by Phil Hay and Matt Manfredi, and directed by Karyn Kusama. It was based on the animated TV series by Peter Chung, who had a minor role in this film version of his work. In the early stages of production, actress Michelle Rodriguez was considered for the part of Æon. She had previously worked with Kusama in Girlfight. Kusama had originally suggested filming in Brasília, the capital of Brazil, because the 20th-century modern architecture of that city fit with her vision of Bregna. The producers rejected the idea because Brasília lacked the infrastructure and technical expertise to support a major film production. After several cities were scouted, Berlin and Potsdam in Germany were chosen for filming. Berlin had several locations that fit into the organic yet structured world of Æon Flux. The crew gained permission to film in several locations that had never allowed such access before, including the Treptow Crematorium, the Adlershof Trudelturm and Windkanal wind tunnel facility, and the Haus der Kulturen der Welt (\"House of the World's Cultures\"). Additional locations included the Bauhaus Archive and a dissection theatre built in 1790 to train veterinarians, part of the Berlin animal shelter. It was used as the Handler space. Filming was temporarily suspended for a month during September 2004 while Theron recovered from a neck injury she sustained during stunt-work on the tenth day of shooting. She was hospitalized in Berlin for five days and required about six weeks of physiotherapy to recover.\n Links: a. Berlin b. Phil Hay (screenwriter) c. Veterinarian d. Germany", "pos": "Question: How old is the person who directed Aeon Flux? Passage:The screenplay was written by Phil Hay and Matt Manfredi, and directed by Karyn Kusama. It was based on the animated TV series by Peter Chung, who had a minor role in this film version of his work. In the early stages of production, actress Michelle Rodriguez was considered for the part of Æon. She had previously worked with Kusama in Girlfight. Kusama had originally suggested filming in Brasília, the capital of Brazil, because the 20th-century modern architecture of that city fit with her vision of Bregna. The producers rejected the idea because Brasília lacked the infrastructure and technical expertise to support a major film production. After several cities were scouted, Berlin and Potsdam in Germany were chosen for filming. Berlin had several locations that fit into the organic yet structured world of Æon Flux. The crew gained permission to film in several locations that had never allowed such access before, including the Treptow Crematorium, the Adlershof Trudelturm and Windkanal wind tunnel facility, and the Haus der Kulturen der Welt (\"House of the World's Cultures\"). Additional locations included the Bauhaus Archive and a dissection theatre built in 1790 to train veterinarians, part of the Berlin animal shelter. It was used as the Handler space. Filming was temporarily suspended for a month during September 2004 while Theron recovered from a neck injury she sustained during stunt-work on the tenth day of shooting. She was hospitalized in Berlin for five days and required about six weeks of physiotherapy to recover.\n Links: a. Germany b. Karyn Kusama c. Wind tunnel d. Michelle Rodriguez", "neg": "Question: In what year was the person who directed Aeon Flux born? Passage:The screenplay was written by Phil Hay and Matt Manfredi, and directed by Karyn Kusama. It was based on the animated TV series by Peter Chung, who had a minor role in this film version of his work. In the early stages of production, actress Michelle Rodriguez was considered for the part of Æon. She had previously worked with Kusama in Girlfight. Kusama had originally suggested filming in Brasília, the capital of Brazil, because the 20th-century modern architecture of that city fit with her vision of Bregna. The producers rejected the idea because Brasília lacked the infrastructure and technical expertise to support a major film production. After several cities were scouted, Berlin and Potsdam in Germany were chosen for filming. Berlin had several locations that fit into the organic yet structured world of Æon Flux. The crew gained permission to film in several locations that had never allowed such access before, including the Treptow Crematorium, the Adlershof Trudelturm and Windkanal wind tunnel facility, and the Haus der Kulturen der Welt (\"House of the World's Cultures\"). Additional locations included the Bauhaus Archive and a dissection theatre built in 1790 to train veterinarians, part of the Berlin animal shelter. It was used as the Handler space. Filming was temporarily suspended for a month during September 2004 while Theron recovered from a neck injury she sustained during stunt-work on the tenth day of shooting. She was hospitalized in Berlin for five days and required about six weeks of physiotherapy to recover.\n Links: a. Phil Hay (screenwriter) b. Brasília c. Karyn Kusama d. Peter Chung", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}593{"query": "Question: What team won the title in Wotherspoon's debut season? Passage:A native of Surrey, British Columbia, Wotherspoon was selected by the Portland Winter Hawks in the second round of the 2008 Western Hockey League (WHL) Bantam Draft. He made his WHL debut as a 15-year-old in 2008–09, appearing in four games for Portland, then played four full seasons between 2009 and 2013. In his WHL career, he has appeared in 239 games in his WHL career and scored 17 goals along with 65 assists. With the Winterhawks, he appeared in the WHL championship series in three consecutive years as Portland lost the final in 2011 and 2012 to the Kootenay Ice and Edmonton Oil Kings, respectively, before finally winning the Ed Chynoweth Cup championship in 2013 by defeating Edmonton. Wotherspoon was also named to the WHL's Western Conference second All-Star Team in 2012–13. Wotherspoon scored three points in five games at the 2013 Memorial Cup, however Portland lost the Canadian Hockey League (CHL) championship game, the Memorial Cup, to the Halifax Mooseheads, 6–4. During the season, Wotherspoon was also a member of the Canadian junior team, recording two points in six games at the 2013 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships.\n Links: a. Canadian Hockey League b. 2008–09 WHL season c. Portland Winterhawks d. Edmonton Oil Kings", "pos": "Question: Has the team that Hertl registered 4 goals against ever won the Stanley Cup? Passage:The Sharks officially signed Hertl to a three-year entry-level contract on 3 June 2013. In the preseason, Hertl scored 3 goals and 1 assist, and joined Joe Thornton and Brent Burns on a line, filling the hole created by Raffi Torres' injury. Hertl made his NHL debut against the Vancouver Canucks on 3 October, 2013 and tallied his first career point with an assist on a goal by Brent Burns. At age 19, Hertl became the first teenager to play in a season opener for the Sharks since Marc-Édouard Vlasic in 2006. Hertl scored his first two NHL goals in the next game on 5 October 2013, against Mike Smith of the Phoenix Coyotes; Hertl became the youngest player to score 2 goals for the Sharks in one game since Patrick Marleau on 17 March 1999. On 8 October 2013, Hertl registered 4 goals against the New York Rangers in a 9–2 victory, making him the fourth youngest player in the NHL to record a four-goal game (19 years, 330 days old) after Jimmy Carson did in the 1987–88 NHL season with the Los Angeles Kings (19 years, 254 days old). Hertl also became the first Shark to score four goals in one game since Owen Nolan in 1995. Hertl was eventually named the October Rookie of the Month, scoring eight goals, which led all rookies, and 11 points in 13 games. However, on 19 December against the Kings, Hertl injured his knee after a collision with Dustin Brown, and is reported to miss at least a month. Hertl had surgery on his MCL and PCL in his right knee on 31 December. A former NHL trainer stated that the \"best-case scenario\" for Hertl's return was approximately twelve weeks, though Kevin Kurz of CSN Bay Area wrote that Hertl could be out for six to nine months. On 11 April 2014, Hertl was cleared to return to the Sharks against the Colorado Avalanche, ending a 45-game absence. On 17 April, against the Kings, Hertl scored his first career playoff goal.\n Links: a. Raffi Torres b. New York Rangers c. Raffi Torres d. Brent Burns", "neg": "Question: Has the team that chose Wotherspoon in 2008 been in existence for more than 20 years? Passage:A native of Surrey, British Columbia, Wotherspoon was selected by the Portland Winter Hawks in the second round of the 2008 Western Hockey League (WHL) Bantam Draft. He made his WHL debut as a 15-year-old in 2008–09, appearing in four games for Portland, then played four full seasons between 2009 and 2013. In his WHL career, he has appeared in 239 games in his WHL career and scored 17 goals along with 65 assists. With the Winterhawks, he appeared in the WHL championship series in three consecutive years as Portland lost the final in 2011 and 2012 to the Kootenay Ice and Edmonton Oil Kings, respectively, before finally winning the Ed Chynoweth Cup championship in 2013 by defeating Edmonton. Wotherspoon was also named to the WHL's Western Conference second All-Star Team in 2012–13. Wotherspoon scored three points in five games at the 2013 Memorial Cup, however Portland lost the Canadian Hockey League (CHL) championship game, the Memorial Cup, to the Halifax Mooseheads, 6–4. During the season, Wotherspoon was also a member of the Canadian junior team, recording two points in six games at the 2013 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships.\n Links: a. Portland Winterhawks b. Portland Winterhawks c. Edmonton Oil Kings d. British Columbia", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}594{"query": "Question: Who won the game show Willis co-presented in 2013? Passage:In 2013, Willis co-presented the ITV game show Prize Island with Alexander Armstrong. In 2015, Willis was a team captain on the six-part ITV2 comedy panel show Reality Bites, hosted by Stephen Mulhern. On 2 July 2015, it was announced that Willis would present a new three-part series for ITV called What Would Be Your Miracle, about modern miracles. The series began on 28 April 2016. In January 2017, The Voice UK moved from BBC One to ITV. It was confirmed on 9 June 2016 that Willis would present the series after co-hosting three previous series on the BBC. She also presented two series of The Voice Kids on ITV since 2017. In 2017, she presented The BRITs Are Coming live on ITV. She co-presented the 2017 BRIT Awards in February alongside Dermot O'Leary. She hosted The BRITs Are Coming for a second year in 2018. She presented Your Song in 2017, a one-off special for ITV.\n Links: a. BBC One b. Prize Island c. The Voice Kids (British TV series) d. Alexander Armstrong", "pos": "Question: Were both of the hosts Willis worked with through 2015 married at some point up to then? Passage:In 2013, Willis co-presented the ITV game show Prize Island with Alexander Armstrong. In 2015, Willis was a team captain on the six-part ITV2 comedy panel show Reality Bites, hosted by Stephen Mulhern. On 2 July 2015, it was announced that Willis would present a new three-part series for ITV called What Would Be Your Miracle, about modern miracles. The series began on 28 April 2016. In January 2017, The Voice UK moved from BBC One to ITV. It was confirmed on 9 June 2016 that Willis would present the series after co-hosting three previous series on the BBC. She also presented two series of The Voice Kids on ITV since 2017. In 2017, she presented The BRITs Are Coming live on ITV. She co-presented the 2017 BRIT Awards in February alongside Dermot O'Leary. She hosted The BRITs Are Coming for a second year in 2018. She presented Your Song in 2017, a one-off special for ITV.\n Links: a. BBC b. Alexander Armstrong c. Prize Island d. ITV (TV network)", "neg": "Question: Was Prize Island the first time Willis' co-host had been involved with a game show up to that point? Passage:In 2013, Willis co-presented the ITV game show Prize Island with Alexander Armstrong. In 2015, Willis was a team captain on the six-part ITV2 comedy panel show Reality Bites, hosted by Stephen Mulhern. On 2 July 2015, it was announced that Willis would present a new three-part series for ITV called What Would Be Your Miracle, about modern miracles. The series began on 28 April 2016. In January 2017, The Voice UK moved from BBC One to ITV. It was confirmed on 9 June 2016 that Willis would present the series after co-hosting three previous series on the BBC. She also presented two series of The Voice Kids on ITV since 2017. In 2017, she presented The BRITs Are Coming live on ITV. She co-presented the 2017 BRIT Awards in February alongside Dermot O'Leary. She hosted The BRITs Are Coming for a second year in 2018. She presented Your Song in 2017, a one-off special for ITV.\n Links: a. Alexander Armstrong b. 2017 Brit Awards c. ITV (TV network) d. BBC One", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}595{"query": "Question: Was the Indians' other top pitching prospect born before 1950? Passage:Austin attended Washington State University, where he played college baseball for the Cougars in 1967 and 1968. In a game against Gonzaga University on March 22, 1968, he pitched a perfect game. He was drafted by the Cleveland Indians in the first round of the secondary phase of the 1968 Major League Baseball Draft, and began his professional career with the AA Waterbury Indians. In 1968, Austin had a 1-8 win-loss record and a 2.73 earned run average (ERA), and in 1969 he split the season between Waterbury, the Indians' rookie team, and the Portland Beavers. With Portland, he had a 5-6 record and a 3.66 ERA in 16 games. After the season, he, along with Rich Hand, were noted as two of the Indians' top pitching prospects.\n Links: a. Rich Hand b. Cleveland Indians c. Cleveland Indians d. Earned run average", "pos": "Question: Between the league Danny belonged to and the one the Spokane Indians belonged to, which one was established first? Passage:A native of Buffalo, New York, Ozark signed with the Brooklyn Dodgers as a teenager and spent over three decades in the Dodger organization. He was a minor league first baseman who spent his entire playing career (1942; 1946–61; 1963) in the Dodgers' farm system. The , Ozark, who batted and threw right-handed, hit over 200 home runs during his minor league career, including two 30+ homer seasons. In 1956, he became a playing manager with Brooklyn's Class B Wichita Falls Spudders farm club of the Big State League, and rose through their system in succeeding years all the way to the Triple-A level, winning a division championship with the 1963 Spokane Indians of the Pacific Coast League.\n Links: a. Big State League b. Big State League c. Spokane Indians d. Buffalo, New York", "neg": "Question: Did the school Austin pitched against on March 22, 1968 exist prior to the founding of the college he attended? Passage:Austin attended Washington State University, where he played college baseball for the Cougars in 1967 and 1968. In a game against Gonzaga University on March 22, 1968, he pitched a perfect game. He was drafted by the Cleveland Indians in the first round of the secondary phase of the 1968 Major League Baseball Draft, and began his professional career with the AA Waterbury Indians. In 1968, Austin had a 1-8 win-loss record and a 2.73 earned run average (ERA), and in 1969 he split the season between Waterbury, the Indians' rookie team, and the Portland Beavers. With Portland, he had a 5-6 record and a 3.66 ERA in 16 games. After the season, he, along with Rich Hand, were noted as two of the Indians' top pitching prospects.\n Links: a. Portland Beavers b. Washington State University c. 1968 Major League Baseball draft d. Portland Beavers", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}596{"query": "Question: How long did the battle where George was appointed colonel for last? Passage:Randall enlisted as a private in the 4th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry in the April 1861. He then accepted appointment to the 4th U.S. Infantry as second lieutenant in October. He served in New York and Washington, D.C., and in the field with the Army of the Potomac. He was a second lieutenant at the Siege of Yorktown, Battle of Gaines' Mill, Battle of Malvern Hill, Second Bull Run (where he commanded Company C), and Fredericksburg; and a first lieutenant at the Battle of the Wilderness. He was appointed a brevet captain for gallant service in the Battle of Antietam. He served as a major in the 14th New York Heavy Artillery Regiment, part of Major General Ambrose Burnside's IX Corps on the Richmond-Petersburg Front in 1864, and was commander of the regiment at the Battle of the Crater. The Dansville Advertiser reported on 7 September that he assumed command of the regiment on 18 August. This article also reports that he was wounded in the battle on 19 August. He was appointed a brevet lieutenant colonel, and then colonel for gallantry in the Battle of Fort Stedman. He mustered out of the Volunteer service on 26 August, and was appointed captain in the 4th US Infantry on 23 September 1865. Subsequently, he served at Davids' Island Military Reservation, New York Harbor, where he was in December 1867.\n Links: a. Battle of Fort Stedman b. First lieutenant c. Battle of Antietam d. Battle of the Crater", "pos": "Question: What year did the campaign end in which Wheaton commanded a brigade in 1864? Passage:Wheaton remained in command of the brigade during Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant's Overland Campaign in 1864, as well as during the subsequent Siege of Petersburg. His men were hurried by train to Washington, D.C., in time to help repel Jubal Early's raid on the capital. During the ensuing operations in the Shenandoah Valley, under Maj. Gen. Philip Sheridan, Wheaton was promoted to command of the first division after Brig. Gen. David Allen Russell was killed at the Third Battle of Winchester. His division fought well in subsequent battles. In the Battle of Sailors Creek Virginia, on April 6, 1865, his division captured Confederate Major General George Washington Custis Lee, son of Robert E. Lee. After the return of VI Corps to the Petersburg front, Wheaton earned the brevet rank of major general in the volunteer army and was brevetted colonel in the regular services.\n Links: a. Overland Campaign b. Jubal Early c. Valley campaigns of 1864 d. Major general (United States)", "neg": "Question: How long had Plymouth been a city for the year it was attacked? Passage:On June 6, 1861, he was promoted major of the 6th US Infantry, and on Aug. 22 of that year he received the colonelcy of the 8th Kansas Infantry. After serving on the Missouri border he resumed his commission in the regular army Feb. 15, 1862, and in March was transferred to the Army of the Potomac. He was made a brigadier-general of volunteers April 25 and served in the Peninsula, receiving the regular army brevet of lieutenant- colonel for gallantry at the Battle of Fair Oaks, where he was wounded. In Gen. George B. McClellan's change of base he commanded the rear-guard, and then engaged in the defense of Suffolk, Va., afterward serving in North Carolina. After serving at Kinston, Goldsboro, and New Berne, he was placed over the sub-district of the Albemarle, taking command May 3, 1863. On April 17, 1864, he was attacked at Plymouth, North Carolina, where he had a garrison of about 3,000 men, by Gen. Robert F. Hoke with about 15,000 Confederate troops and the iron-clad CSS Albemarle After a gallant defense which lasted three days Gen. Wessells surrendered the town. He was taken to Libby Prison, whence he was transferred successively to Danville, Macon and Charleston. At the last-named place he was one of the officers that were placed under the fire of the Union batteries on Morris island. On Aug. 3, 1864, he was exchanged, and on Nov. 11 he became commissary of prisoners, which post he held until the close of the war. He was also placed in charge of a conscription center in New York. He was promoted lieutenant-colonel Feb. 16, 1865, and brevetted colonel to date from April 20, 1864, \"for gallant and meritorious services during the rebel attack on Plymouth, N. C.\" On March 13 he was given the regular army brevet of brigadier general.\n Links: a. George B. McClellan b. Libby Prison c. Battle of Plymouth (1864) d. Plymouth, North Carolina", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}597{"query": "Question: How old was Graham Pollard when Terry Belanger began his fellowship in England? Passage:Born in 1941, Belanger attended public schools in Bristol, Connecticut. He has degrees from Haverford College (A.B., 1963) and from Columbia University (M.A., 1964; Ph.D., 1970), where he studied under James L. Clifford, Allen T. Hazen, and John H. Middendorf. Between 1966 and 1971, while working on his dissertation on aspects of the 18th-century London book trade, he taught advanced prose composition courses at the Columbia University School of General Studies, an activity leading to the 1972 publication of The Art of Persuasion, a writing manual co-authored with J. Steward LaCasce. While in England on a Columbia traveling fellowship in 1968–69, he revised the book production sections of the 18th-century volume of the New Cambridge Bibliography of English Literature (NCBEL), working with Graham Pollard, who had compiled the original sections for the first edition of CBEL, published in 1940. With Jane Marla Robbins, he co-authored and co-directed a one-character play starring Robbins called Dear Nobody, based on the life of the 18th-century diarist and novelist, Fanny Burney. The play ran Off-Off-Broadway in 1968; it later had a five-months' Off-Broadway run at the Cherry Lane Theatre in 1974.\n Links: a. Haverford College b. Graham Pollard c. Bristol, Connecticut d. Off-Broadway", "pos": "Question: How old was the person George studied with at University of Michigan when George attended Muhlenberg College? Passage:At age 17 Miller began school-teaching to raise funds for higher education. In 1882 he entered Franklin and Marshall Academy, and progressed to Muhlenberg College in 1884. He received his B.A. in 1887 and M.A. in 1890. While a graduate student, Miller was Principal of schools in Greeley, Kansas and then professor of mathematics as Eureka College in Eureka, Illinois. He corresponded with Cumberland University in Lebanon, Tennessee for his Ph.D. in 1892. He then joined Frank Nelson Cole at University of Michigan and began to study groups. In 1895 he went to Europe where he heard Sophus Lie lecture at Leipzig and Camille Jordan at Paris. In 1897 he went to Cornell University as an assistant professor, and in 1901 to Stanford University as associate professor. In 1906 he went to University of Illinois where he taught until retirement in 1931.\n Links: a. Cumberland University b. Frank Nelson Cole c. Frank Nelson Cole d. Frank Nelson Cole", "neg": "Question: In which state did Belanger receive his bachelor degree? Passage:Born in 1941, Belanger attended public schools in Bristol, Connecticut. He has degrees from Haverford College (A.B., 1963) and from Columbia University (M.A., 1964; Ph.D., 1970), where he studied under James L. Clifford, Allen T. Hazen, and John H. Middendorf. Between 1966 and 1971, while working on his dissertation on aspects of the 18th-century London book trade, he taught advanced prose composition courses at the Columbia University School of General Studies, an activity leading to the 1972 publication of The Art of Persuasion, a writing manual co-authored with J. Steward LaCasce. While in England on a Columbia traveling fellowship in 1968–69, he revised the book production sections of the 18th-century volume of the New Cambridge Bibliography of English Literature (NCBEL), working with Graham Pollard, who had compiled the original sections for the first edition of CBEL, published in 1940. With Jane Marla Robbins, he co-authored and co-directed a one-character play starring Robbins called Dear Nobody, based on the life of the 18th-century diarist and novelist, Fanny Burney. The play ran Off-Off-Broadway in 1968; it later had a five-months' Off-Broadway run at the Cherry Lane Theatre in 1974.\n Links: a. Haverford College b. Cherry Lane Theatre c. Haverford College d. Cherry Lane Theatre", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}598{"query": "Question: Where was the player that agreed to go to Comunicaciones on 18 July born? Passage:Mauro González moved out to Temperley on 13 July, while Lucas Wilchez did the opposite on 16 July. Almagro held three friendlies on 16 July, two versus Colegiales and one against the Argentina U23s; they'd draw one and lose two. Maximiliano García agreed to go to Comunicaciones on 18 July. New player Facundo Suárez netted a goal in each game as Almagro drew and then beat Ferro Carril Oeste on 20 July. Gustavo Turraca returned to Primera B Nacional on loan on 23 July, having been relegated from it with Los Andes in 2018–19. On 24 July, Agustín Coscia was loaned from Rosario Central. A friendly with Quilmes was postponed on 26 July, in order to preserve the Estadio Centenario Ciudad de Quilmes pitch following heavy rain; rescheduling was confirmed.\n Links: a. 2018–19 Primera B Nacional b. Maximiliano García c. Rosario Central d. Quilmes Atlético Club", "pos": "Question: Which team that Herrera played against between March 3 and March 10 has existed longer? Passage:In the opening season of Chilean Primera División, Herrera scored on his debut in a 2–0 win over Audax Italiano on 29 January 2012. After 3 games without scoring, Herrera scored a brace in a 2–2 draw against Club Deportivo Universidad Católica on 26 February 2012 and scored in the next game on 3 March 2012 in a 3–1 win over C.D. Palestino which followed by the next game on 10 March 2012 in a 3–1 loss against CD Huachipato. On 24 March 2012, Herrera scored twice and setting up a goal for Fernando Cordero in a 5–2 win over Deportes La Serena. On 7 April 2012, Herrera scored and setting up a goal for Mauro Díaz in a 4–2 win over Colo-Colo. On 21 April 2012, Herrera scored in a 2–2 draw against Santiago Wanderers. On 28 April 2012, Herrera scored and setting up a goal for Braulio Leal in a 4–1 win over C.D. Universidad de Concepción. After scoring 10 goals in the regular season, Unión Española won the qualification for the final round to be in fifth place.\n Links: a. Mauro Díaz b. Club Deportivo Palestino c. Deportes La Serena d. Fernando Cordero", "neg": "Question: Of the two players who each scored first for Brazil and Chile, whose birthday falls earlier in the year? Passage:Brazil faced Chile in the round of 16, taking an 18th-minute lead through David Luiz's first goal for the Seleção. With no further scoring after Alexis Sánchez's equaliser, the match went to a penalty shootout. Brazil prevailed 3–2, with Neymar, David Luiz and Marcelo converting their kicks, and goalkeeper Júlio César saving from Chileans Sánchez and Mauricio Pinilla. The team again faced South American opposition in the quarter-final, defeating Colombia 2–1 with goals from central defenders David Luiz and team captain Thiago Silva. Late in the match, Neymar was substituted on a stretcher after Camilo Zúñiga's knee had made contact with the forward's back. Neymar was taken to hospital and later diagnosed with a fractured vertebra, which ruled him out for the remainder of the tournament. Prior to this, Neymar had scored four goals, provided one assist and been named man of the match twice. Brazil faced further problems ahead of their semi-final against Germany, as Thiago Silva was to serve a one-match suspension for receiving his second yellow card of the tournament in the quarter-final. The Seleção went on to lose 1–7 to the Germans, their biggest ever defeat at the World Cup and first home loss in a competitive match since 1975. Towards the end of the match, the home crowd began to \"olé\" each pass from the German team, and booed their own players off the pitch after the final whistle. The match has been nicknamed the Mineirazo, making reference to the nation's previous World Cup defeat on home soil, the Maracanazo against Uruguay in 1950, and the Estádio do Mineirão in Belo Horizonte where the match took place.\n Links: a. Brazil v Germany (2014 FIFA World Cup) b. 2014 FIFA World Cup knockout stage c. 2014 FIFA World Cup knockout stage d. David Luiz", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}599{"query": "Question: When was the Pope who elected Sicilia Coadjutor Bishop of Urgell elected? Passage:Vives i Sicília was born in 1949 in Barcelona as the third son of Francesc Vives i Pons and of Cornèlia Sicília Ibáñez, who were small retailers. He entered the Seminary in 1965 and studied Humanities, Philosophy and Theology. In 1974, Vives was ordained a priest in his native parish Santa Maria del Taulat de Barcelona. Father Vives i Sicília was later nominated as Auxiliary Bishop of Barcelona (and Titular Bishop of Nona) in 1993, and consecrated to the episcopacy and automatically became a member of the Spanish Episcopal Conference. Pope John Paul II nominated him as Coadjutor Bishop of Urgell in 2001. After two years, on the retirement of his predecessor Joan Martí Alanis in 2003, he succeeded him as Bishop of Urgell on 12 May 2003, and hence therefore as Co-Prince of Andorra in the Principality of Andorra located in the heights of the Pyrenees Mountains. On 10 July 2003, he carried out the Constitutional Oath as the new Co-Prince of Andorra at \"Casa de la Vall\", Andorra la Vella. Vives i Sicília was later elevated to the dignity of an Archbishop as a personal title by Pope Benedict XVI in March 2010.\n Links: a. Casa de la Vall b. Pope John Paul II c. Andorra la Vella d. Roman Catholic Diocese of Urgell", "pos": "Question: How old was Pope Urban VI when Nerio Acciaioli was captured near Vostitsa? Passage:On 6 September that year, Pope Urban VI declared that as James of Baux's successors had forfeited their rights to the Holy See, the principality belonged to him and he devolved its government on Paul Foscari, the archbishop of Patras, who in turn made Pedro vicar general. Pedro was constantly at war with the Despotate of Morea, against whom he even used Ottoman pirates, and the Duchy of Athens under Nerio I Acciaioli. The latter was captured near Vostitsa on 10 September 1389 while trying to sit to talks with Pedro concerning Argos and Nauplia. He had to buy his freedom with concessions to the Navarrese ally, Venice. Late in 1394 or early in 1395, the Turkish general Evrenos Beg invaded the despotate and met Pedro's forces at Leontari. Together the two besieged and took Akova (28 February). After Evrenos returned to Thessaly, Pedro was defeated by the Greeks and taken captive with the grand constable Andronico Asano Zaccaria, his brother-in-law. In December, Venice paid 50,000 hyperpers for the release of her allies.\n Links: a. Vicar general b. Pope Urban VI c. Leontari, Arcadia d. Akova, Argos", "neg": "Question: How old was the person who named Bertello Archbishop of Urbs Salvia when he died? Passage:On 17 October 1987, Pope John Paul II named him Titular Archbishop of Urbs Salvia and appointed him Apostolic Nuncio to Ghana, Togo and Benin. He was consecrated on 28 November by Cardinal Agostino Casaroli, with Bishops Albino Mensa and Luigi Bettazzi as the principal co-consecrators. On 12 January 1990, he was transferred to Rwanda, where he supported human rights organizations and encouraged Catholic bishops to unite as forceful advocates for ending civil war. He remained at his post and traveled into dangerous regions to bear witness to the Tutsi Genocide in 1994. In March 1995, John Paul II appointed him Permanent Observer of the Holy See to the United Nations in Geneva from 1997, with the same role at the World Trade Organization. Upon his appointment Bertello negotiated the status of the Holy See as permanent observer in the World Trade Organization, becoming its first representative that year.\n Links: a. Pope John Paul II b. Rwanda c. Nuncio d. Rwandan genocide", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}600{"query": "Question: Who were the other people awarded the highest award for valor of the British Empire? Passage:When the Second World War started, Ryder was serving as a lieutenant commander on . In 1940, he was promoted to commander of the Q-ship which was sunk by a torpedo in the Atlantic, 200 miles west of Ireland; Ryder was adrift for four days before rescue. Appointed commander of the sloop . In early 1941, he went on to captain the Prince Philippe a cross-channel steamer converted to a Commando ship, which sank after a collision in the Firth of Clyde. Ryder, now a commander, led the St Nazaire Raid, codenamed Operation Chariot, on 28 March 1942. This was a successful operation to destroy the \"Normandie Dock\" in the German naval base in the town. The stated aim of the operation was to deny large German ships, particularly the German battleship Tirpitz, a base on the Atlantic coast. For his actions during this operation he was one of five people awarded the Victoria Cross, the highest award for valour of the British Empire.\n Links: a. Commander b. Commander c. St Nazaire Raid d. Victoria Cross", "pos": "Question: Who was the commander of the unit that escorted convoys out of Gibraltar with HMS Renown? Passage:During the Second World War, Renown was involved in the search for the in 1939, participated in the Norwegian Campaign of April–June 1940 and the search for the in 1941. She spent much of 1940 and 1941 assigned to Force H at Gibraltar, escorting convoys and she participated in the inconclusive Battle of Cape Spartivento. Renown was briefly assigned to the Home Fleet and provided cover to several Arctic convoys in early 1942. The ship was transferred back to Force H for Operation Torch and spent much of 1943 refitting or transporting Winston Churchill and his staff to and from various conferences with various Allied leaders. In early 1944, Renown was transferred to the Eastern Fleet in the Indian Ocean where she supported numerous attacks on Japanese-occupied facilities in Indonesia and various island groups in the Indian Ocean. The ship returned to the Home Fleet in early 1945 and was refitted before being placed in after the end of the war. Renown was sold for scrap in 1948.\n Links: a. Winston Churchill b. Operation Torch c. Far East Fleet (United Kingdom) d. Force H", "neg": "Question: Who other than Woldenga has been awarded the Knights cross of the Iron Cross? Passage:Woldenga's career started as a captain in the merchant marine. He started his flight training in 1928 and worked as chief pilot for the FVK Warnemünde. He transferred to the newly emerging Luftwaffe, taking command as Gruppenkommandeur of the I./Jagdgeschwader 131 (JG 131) — later renamed to I./Jagdgeschwader 1 (JG 1) — on 1 April 1937. With this unit he participated in the invasion of Poland in 1939. He surrender command of the Gruppe on 1 February 1940 and was transferred to the Reichsluftfahrtministerium. He briefly led Jagdgeschwader 27 (JG 27) on the Channel Front from 11 October to 22 October 1940 before he was made Geschwaderkommodore of Jagdgeschwader 77 (JG 77). Under this command, JG 77 participated in the Balkans Campaign and invasion of Crete. JG 77 claimed 50 aerial victories. Woldenga received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. He commanded of JG 27 on 21 June 1941 during the invasion of the Soviet Union and claimed 4 aerial victories. He relocated the Geschwaderstab to North Africa in December 1941. He was appointed Fliegerführer Balkan on 10 June 1942. His last service position of the war was commander of the Luftkriegschule 10 in Fürstenwalde near Berlin. He is credited with three aerial victories of which two were claimed on the Eastern Front.\n Links: a. Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross b. Fürstenwalde c. Fürstenwalde d. Jagdgeschwader 77", "instruction": "In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question."}601