DJCheng/embedding_data

1{"query": "Autosomes is another term for body chromosomes.", "pos": "autosomes any chromosome other than a sex chromosome .", "neg": "EVAPORATION Water changing into vapor and rising into the air.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}2{"query": "There are one electrons in the hydrogen atom.", "pos": "Hydrogen is the simplest atom, with one proton, one electron and no pesky neutrons.", "neg": "In most cases, these diseases are caused by the accumulation of plaque on the walls of arteries and veins (atherosclerosis), which eventually leads to the formation of blood clots that block the flow of blood to the heart or the brain.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}3{"query": "You decrease errors in an experiment by take many measurements.", "pos": "The error (difference between theory and experiment) decreases as the number of measurements increases.", "neg": "Organisms that don't produce their own energy are called heterotrophs.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}4{"query": "Solid takes neither the shape nor the volume of its container.", "pos": "In the solid state, matter occupies fixed volume and has fixed shape.", "neg": "Species interactions in communities are important factors in  natural selection.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}5{"query": "Phosphate groups are found within phospholipids and nucleotides.", "pos": "Nucleotides are composed of a phosphate group, a sugar (ribose in RNA, and deoxyribose in DNA) and a base which marks the  specific difference among nucleotides.", "neg": "After a massive eruption, a mountain collapsing above an empty chamber will create a caldera.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}6{"query": "Plasma matter makes up most of the universe.", "pos": "Although relatively rare on earth, plasmas make up more than 99 percent of the visible matter in the universe.", "neg": "They grow as vines or bushes, and the leaves have three leaflets (poison ivy, poison oak) or a row of paired leaflets (poison sumac).", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}7{"query": "This heat is used to convert water into steam, which is then used to turn a turbine, thus generating electrical power.", "pos": "The energy that is it released is used to heat the water, the heated water is then turned into steam, and the steam is used to turn the turbine, generating electrical energy that we can use in our homes.", "neg": "Prokaryotes are single-celled or colonial organisms that do not have membranebound nuclei.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}8{"query": "Carbon atoms are bonded to as many hydrogen atoms as possible in saturated fatty acids.", "pos": "In saturated fatty acids , carbon atoms are bonded to as many hydrogen atoms as possible.", "neg": "There are two types of cells, eukaryotes, which contain a nucleus, and prokaryotes, which do not.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}9{"query": "There are four chambers in the heart.", "pos": "The normal heart has four chambers.", "neg": "Small particles in the air become surfaces on which water vapor can condense and forms cloud droplets which are known as cloud condensation nuclei.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}10{"query": "Clouds form(s) when water vapor condenses in the air around specs of matter.", "pos": "As the water-vapor-laden air expands, it cools and the vapor condenses on minute particles, forming the cloud we see.", "neg": "Carnivore is the name for a heterotroph that eats only or mainly animal foods.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}11{"query": "Motion can be defined simply as a change in position.", "pos": "Motion can be determined by change in position over time.", "neg": "The macronutrients , so called because plants require them in large amounts, include hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}12{"query": "Aqueous solution is used to describe a solution in which water is the solvent.", "pos": "aqueous solution A solution with water as the solvent.", "neg": "Layers of the Sun from innermost to outermost: core, radiative layer, convective layer, photosphere, chromosphere and corona.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}13{"query": "A pregnant woman should avoid toxic substances while pregnant.", "pos": "exposure to harmful substances Pregnant women should avoid exposure to toxic and chemical substances (i.e., lead and pesticides), and radiation (i.e., x-rays).", "neg": "Organisms, both prokaryotes (the archaea and the bacteria), and eukaryotes (such as protists and unicellular fungi), reproduce asexually through binary fission;", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}14{"query": "The tilt of earth on its axis causes summer to be warmer than winter in the northern hemisphere because the rays of the sun strike the northern hemisphere more directly in the summer.", "pos": "Warm summers in the northern hemisphere occur when that hemisphere is tilted toward the sun and the Earth is nearest the sun in its elliptical orbit.", "neg": "Prokaryote A bacterium cell lacking a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}15{"query": "The temperature at which all molecular motion has ceased is called absolute zero.", "pos": "Only at the temperature of absolute zero (-273 degrees C) does molecular activity cease and IR radiation no longer emit.", "neg": "Multiple fission is more often observed among protists.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}16{"query": "Ovulation takes place in the ovary and is part of the menstrual cycle.", "pos": "Ovulation and Stimulation Ovulation refers to the process by which an egg or ovum is released from the ovary, usually near the midpoint of a menstrual cycle.", "neg": "Superconductors are materials with a resistivity of zero.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}17{"query": "The correct order of food traveling through the digestive system after it is swallowed is: esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine.", "pos": "Glossary Additional Reading Digestion of food begins in the mouth and moves through the esophagus, stomach, and the small and large intestine.", "neg": "There is however one hydrate compound of neon, however, due to the fact that it is a noble gas, it is highly unstable.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}18{"query": "Sediment is transported by currents.", "pos": "Tidal currents are responsible for resuspension of sediment and transport of this sediment seaward (Noble and Gelfenbaum, 1990;", "neg": "Cells are small biological structures that make up all living things, including the human body.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}19{"query": "Within a substance, atoms that collide frequently and move independently of one another are most likely in a gas", "pos": "e.	in solids the atoms are closely locked in position and can only vibrate, in liquids the atoms and molecules are more loosely connected and can collide with and move past one another, while in gases the atoms or molecules are free to move independently, colliding frequently.", "neg": "Fitness in this biological sense relates to the ability of an animal to survive and raise young.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}20{"query": "The climate of a small area is called a(n) microclimate.", "pos": "Microclimates are small areas that have the same climate and weather patterns.", "neg": "Enzymes are very large proteins with many amino acids.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}21{"query": "A ribosome consists of two elements, rrna and proteins.", "pos": "The ribosome (composed of both rRNA and protein) has two subunits and the transcribed mRNA fits between the two subunits.", "neg": "Heat from the sun causes the most evaporation of water from a lake.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}22{"query": "In the nuclear fusion process, two light nuclei combine to produce a heavier nucleus and great energy.", "pos": "nuclear fusion A nuclear process that releases energy when lightweight nuclei combine to form heavy-weight nuclei.", "neg": "Moss is best classified as a nonvascular plant.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}23{"query": "A bee will sometimes do a dance to tell other bees in the hive where to find food.", "pos": "When a worker bee finds a food source, it flies back to the hive and relays the message of where the food is by doing an intricate dance that tells the other bees in which direction and how far the food source is with amazing accuracy.", "neg": "Chemistry and physics are fields in physical.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}24{"query": "A normal human liver cell has 23 pairs of chromosomes.", "pos": "The nucleus of every normal human body cell contains 46 chromosomes arranged in 23 pairs.", "neg": "Atmospheric pressure is the pressure caused by air when it exerts pressure on the surface of earth.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}25{"query": "Heart valves prevent the backflow of blood from happening in the heart.", "pos": "Your heart valves (bicuspid and tricuspid) are essentially check valves that prevent backflow to the atria from the ventricles, forcing the fluid (that's blood) to circulate.", "neg": "The sum of the masses of the atoms in the formula is referred to as molecular mass.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}26{"query": "Wavelength is the distance between two corresponding points of adjacent waves called.", "pos": "wavelength A measure of distance between the beginning and end, two corresponding points, or a complete cycle in a wave.", "neg": "Heterotrophs          cannot make their own food so they are dependent on the autotrophs for          survival.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}27{"query": "Cytokinesis is the name for the division of the cytoplasm in eukaryotic cells, resulting in two genetically identical daughter cells.", "pos": "cytokinesis (SlGH-toh-kin-EE-sis) The division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells immediately after mitosis.", "neg": "Oxygen and nitrogen make up most of the earth's atmosphere.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}28{"query": "Liquid has a definite volume, but not a definite shape.", "pos": "Liquid has a definite volume but no definite shape.", "neg": "Sunlight is the main source of energy for all of the organisms in most food chains.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}29{"query": "Protons and neutrons are located in the central nucleus.", "pos": "Atoms consist of protons and neutrons in a central nucleus with electrons in different orbitals around that nucleus.", "neg": "EVAPORATION Water changing into vapor and rising into the air.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}30{"query": "Other than gametes, normal human cells have a total of 46 chromosomes per cell.", "pos": "Human cells normally have 46 chromosomes (thread-like stuctures made up of DNA and other proteins) arranged in 23 pairs.", "neg": "A(n) esker is a winding ridge of sand deposited by a stream of meltwater called.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}31{"query": "You call materials able to conduct electricity with 100% efficiency, meaning that no energy is lost during the electrical transmission, superconductors.", "pos": "Superconductors can carry large amounts of current without energy-wasting resistive losses, thus they have the potential of increasing the efficiency of electric power transmission from power stations.", "neg": "A buildup of CO2 in the blood due to depressed respiratory rate causes respiratory acidosis, while increased respiratory rate decreases blood CO2 leading to respiratory alkalosis.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}32{"query": "Cellulose is one of the most common biochemical compounds on earth and is found in all plants.", "pos": "Introduction Cellulose, the basic structural component of all plants, is the most abundant, naturally occurring organic compound.", "neg": "Crustaceans may pass through a number of larval and immature stages between hatching from their eggs and reaching their adult form.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}33{"query": "In weather terms, the boundary between two air masses is called front.", "pos": "A front is the boundary between two different air masses.", "neg": "Biochemical reactions take place inside the organisms' cells.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}34{"query": "A winter storm is called a blizzard.", "pos": "WINTER STORM Winter storms include blizzards, heavy snowfall without wind, extended periods of cold weather, and ice storms.", "neg": "This energy is used by the mitochondria to convert low energy ADP (adenosine diphosphate) to high energy ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the cell's universal energy molecule.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}35{"query": "Exposure to ultraviolet radiation can increase the amount of pigment in the skin and make it appear darker.", "pos": "However, exposure to ultraviolet radiation can  increase the amount of pigment in the skin and make it appear darker.", "neg": "CELLULAR BIOLOGY The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all living things.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}36{"query": "Weight is the measure of the force of gravity pulling down on an object.", "pos": "weight The force of gravity acting on an object.", "neg": "Multiple fission is more often observed among protists.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}37{"query": "Nuclear enevelope is a double membrane of the nucleus that encloses the genetic material.", "pos": "The nucleus id surrounded by a double membrane , called the nuclear envelope .", "neg": "Gravity causes rocks to roll downhill.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}38{"query": "Neutrons are electrically neutral.", "pos": "The protons are electrically charged, and the neutrons are electrically neutral.", "neg": "transpiration --process by which water that is absorbed by plants, usually through the roots, is evaporated into the atmosphere from the plant surface, such as leaf pores.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}39{"query": "The sequence egg -> larva -> pupa -> adult shows the life cycle of some insects.", "pos": "These insects have 4 life stages, the egg, larva, pupa and adult.", "neg": "Luckily, hydrogen is the most overwhelming abundant element in the cosmos.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}40{"query": "Animals can not produce their own food making them heterotrophs", "pos": "Consumers, or heterotrophs, are those organisms that cannot make their own food, and therefore must eat producers or other consumers to gain energy.", "neg": "Wavelength The distance between adjacent waves of radiant energy;", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}41{"query": "This heat is used to convert water into steam, which is then used to turn a turbine, thus generating electrical power.", "pos": "The steam is used to turn a turbine, which is connected to, and turns an electrical generator that produces electrical power.", "neg": "Prokaryotes are single-celled or colonial organisms that do not have membranebound nuclei.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}42{"query": "The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution is called acidity.", "pos": "pH A logarithmic measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution using the hydrogen ion concentration.", "neg": "A multicellular animal has many cells(Millions, trillions of cells) these cells are grouped to form tissues which perform a similar function (ie all the cells in a tissue perform similar function) The tissues are organized to form organs (Liver, Pancreas, Muscles etc).", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}43{"query": "Organisms that \"love\" acids are known as acidophiles", "pos": "An acidophile is an extremophile organism which thrives in extremely acidic conditions.", "neg": "In conclusion Motion is change in position.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}44{"query": "Carbohydrates are an important group of biological molecules that includes sugars and starches.", "pos": "Carbohydrates include both starches and sugars.", "neg": "Pillow lava is lava that has erupted and flows beneath a body of water.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}45{"query": "Although it is the easiest to observe, color is not ideal as a sole way to identify minerals.", "pos": "Although color is the most obvious property of a mineral, it is the least reliable diagnostic physical property.", "neg": "The endocrine system consists of a set of glands and the hormones they produce that help guide the development, growth, reproduction, and behavior of animals including human beings.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}46{"query": "The stratosphere is the layer above the troposphere.", "pos": "The stratosphere is the dry layer of the atmosphere above the troposphere, where temperatures increase with height.", "neg": "Examples include amino acids and proteins, which have amine and carboxylic acid groups, and self-ionizable compounds such as water and ammonia.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}47{"query": "Adrenalin is the hormone produced in high-stress situations.", "pos": "Catecholamine hormones such as adrenalin are released during frightening or stressful situations.", "neg": "Unlike both protons and electrons, neutrons are neutral (without charge) subatomic particles.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}48{"query": "Portal veins carry blood between pairs of capillary beds.", "pos": "In the circulatory system of animals, a portal venous system occurs when a capillary bed pools into another capillary bed through veins, without first going through the heart.", "neg": "A lithium-7 atom contains three protons, four neutrons, and three electrons, and it is a boson, which means that its total atomic spin is an integer, usually zero.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}49{"query": "When temperature increases but amount of gas and its pressure are constantvolume increases happens to the volume of the gas .", "pos": "If the temperature of a gas is increased, the volume increases.", "neg": "Prokaryotes are organisms that lack a cell nucleus and the other membrane bound organelles.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}50{"query": "Co2 gas is released into the atmosphere when fossil fuels are burned.", "pos": "Like fossil fuel, algae fuel releases CO2 when burnt, but unlike fossil fuel, algae fuel and other biofuels only release CO2 recently removed from the atmosphere via photosynthesis as the algae or plant grew.", "neg": "plasma membrane The membrane that encloses a cell.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}51{"query": "The sum of the kinetic and potential energies of a system’s atoms and molecules is called internal energy.", "pos": "The internal energy is the sum of the kinetic and potential energy of the atom amd molecules that make up the system.", "neg": "Nonvascular plants reproduce with spores.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}52{"query": "An increase in the body's cholesterol levels can lead to your arteries filling with plaque.", "pos": "As the level of Blood cholesterol increases, so does the possibility of plugging the arteries due to cholesterol plaque build-up.", "neg": "microclimate The climate as found in small areas, for example, around plants.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}53{"query": "The lungs of mammals are unique in having alveoli.", "pos": "The lungs of mammals are unique in having alveoli.", "neg": "Ions may also be formed when an atom or molecule loses one or more electrons as a result of energy gained in a collision with another particle or with a photon.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}54{"query": "The concentration of the hydrogen ion in a solution can be calculated when the ph is known.", "pos": "The pH is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution.", "neg": "Birds have four limbs.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}55{"query": "Acid rain may be caused by air pollution.", "pos": "Carpool or ride the bus to prevent air pollution, which causes acid rain.", "neg": "The cytoskeleton is the skeleton of the cell.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}56{"query": "Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe.", "pos": "Know that hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe (and why), tenth in abundance in the earth's crust, and present in more different compounds than any other element.", "neg": "Explore the life cycle of these cold-blooded vertebrates as they change from eggs to tadpoles to adult frogs, losing their gills and forming lungs along the way.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}57{"query": "Exemplified by baring teeth, aggressive type of displays are common in the animal kingdom, and sometimes serve as a 'bluff'.", "pos": "Animals also commonly use aggressive displays to communicate the nature of their aggressive state to other individuals of their species.", "neg": "The fundamental law of Chemistry is that matter and energy cannot be created or destroyed -- the principle that underlies all formulas describing every chemical reaction.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}58{"query": "The coenzyme atp or adenozine triphosphate is used in the transfer of energy in muscles.", "pos": "Muscle contractions require adenosine triphosphate (ATP) energy which is produced by glycolysis (the breakdown of the glucose molecule).", "neg": "The lunar surface is also covered with craters from impacts of meteorites, mostly very small (around 1mm) but occasionally much larger.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}59{"query": "Some species of fish carry their fertilized eggs in their mouth until they hatch; this is called mouth brooding.", "pos": "It is a mouthbrooder, with the male carrying the eggs in its mouth until they hatch.", "neg": "All matter in the universe is composed of one or more unique pure substances called elements.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}60{"query": "A cell wall is not present in animal cells.", "pos": "Plant cells contain a large vacuole, a nucleus, chloroplasts and a cell wall made of cellulose, cell walls are not present in animal cells.", "neg": "It is generally agreed that human activities have resulted in a significant increase in the production of these gases, producing an enhanced greenhouse effect which has become an issue of international concern.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}61{"query": "There are three quarks in each proton and neutron.", "pos": "While protons and neutrons are each made of three quarks, their component quarks are different.", "neg": "transpiration --process by which water that is absorbed by plants, usually through the roots, is evaporated into the atmosphere from the plant surface, such as leaf pores.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}62{"query": "One gram of proteins provides four calories of energy.", "pos": "In round figures one gram of carbohydrate provides four calories , one gram of fat nine calories, one gram of protein four calories, and one gram of alcohol yields seven calories.", "neg": "CLIMATE Average weather over a long period, usually 30 years.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}63{"query": "During photosynthesis, energy from the sun is converted to glucose after entering a plant.", "pos": "Photosynthesis converts the energy of the sun into chemical energy held within the bonds of compounds such as glucose.", "neg": "While protons and neutrons are each made of three quarks, their component quarks are different.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}64{"query": "A(n) pathologist specializes in the laboratory detection of disease.", "pos": "The pathologist is a physician skilled in the diagnosis of disease by microscopic and laboratory analysis.", "neg": "Evaporation, which of course is powered by the sun, turns the liquid water of the oceans (and to smaller degree fresh water) into a gaseous state, which we call water vapor.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}65{"query": "Protein is an important part of a healthy diet because it is needed to repair tissue.", "pos": "Carbohydrates and fats are the major sources of energy in our diets, Proteins also contribute energy, but their more important role is to provide amino acids to promote growth (in children) and to repair body tissues.", "neg": "These tiny water droplets form clouds.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}66{"query": "Natural selection is the process that allows organisms with better traits to survive and produce.", "pos": "In natural selection the conditions of the environment make individuals possessing a particular trait better able to survive to produce descendants which inherit that trait .", "neg": "A gas has neither definite volume nor shape;", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}67{"query": "The term half-life decribes the amount of time required for half of the original material to decay in an isotope.", "pos": "The amount of time it takes for half of a sample of radioactive material to decay into a stable substance is called its half-life .", "neg": "The microfibrils in higher plants are made of cellulose, the most abundant macromolecule on Earth.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}68{"query": "We call the only light that people can see visible light.", "pos": "visible light the form of electromagnetic radiation that humans can see with their eyes.", "neg": "Digestion begins in the mouth, continues in the stomach, but really cranks up in the small intestine with different aspects of digestion occurring along the way.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}69{"query": "Phospholipids are the main component of the cell membrane.", "pos": "Cell membranes consist mainly of phospholipids (phosphorus-containing fats) arranged in a sandwich-like double layer embedded with proteins.", "neg": "Red-shift refers to a shift toward red in the spectrum from stars.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}70{"query": "A(n) protein is formed when amino acids are linked together in a long chain.", "pos": "Proteins are chains of amino acids linked together.", "neg": "Calderas form when a magma chamber empties out its magma, and the surface above the chamber collapses.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}71{"query": "All chemical reactions involve both reactants and products.", "pos": "A chemical reaction rearranges the constituent atoms of the reactants to create different substances as products.", "neg": "The bones of the newborn skull are not fully ossified and are separated by large areas called fontanelles.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}72{"query": "The light reactions take place in the thylakoid.", "pos": "Light-dependent reactions, which take place in the thylakoid membrane, use light energy to make ATP and NADPH.", "neg": "Vector is a measure that has both size and direction.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}73{"query": "Process of desalinization helps provide cleaner water for agriculture.", "pos": "Desalination The process whereby the salt content of water is greatly reduced so that saline water can be used for human consumption or irrigation.", "neg": "Strong force acts between colour charges in quarks and gluons , binding them into protons , neutrons and other particles .", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}74{"query": "Unicellular eukaryotes are protists normally.", "pos": "Protists are unspecialized unicellular eukaryotes whose ancestors gave rise to other major kingdoms;", "neg": "Weight, The Force of Gravity.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}75{"query": "The outer layer of the sun is made up of plasma.", "pos": "The Sun's corona, or extended outer layer, is a region of plasma that is heated to over a million degrees Celsius.", "neg": "Amino acid A functional group which consists of a carbon with a carboxylic acid, "-COOH" and an amine, "-NH 2 .", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}76{"query": "The climate of a small area is called a(n) microclimate.", "pos": "microclimate The climate as found in small areas, for example, around plants.", "neg": "Enzymes are very large proteins with many amino acids.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}77{"query": "Superconductors are materials with a resistivity of zero.", "pos": "Superconductors are materials which (under certain specific conditions) have zero resistivity, and are perfect diamagnets.", "neg": "We call the recycling of inorganic matter between living organisms and their environment biogeochemical cycle.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}78{"query": "Ice cubes are an example of the solid form of water.", "pos": "Solid Water-Ice,snow, and frost are examples of water in the solid state.", "neg": "A  saprotroph feeds on any remaining organic matter after other decomposers do their work.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}79{"query": "The sum of the kinetic and potential energies of a system’s atoms and molecules is called internal energy.", "pos": "The internal energy of a system is the  total thermal kinetic energy and thermal potential energy of all its atoms and molecules.", "neg": "Nonvascular plants reproduce with spores.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}80{"query": "Kinetic engergy is the energy of anything in motion.", "pos": "This kinetic energy is any energy of motion.", "neg": "The bones of the newborn skull are not fully ossified and are separated by large areas called fontanelles.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}81{"query": "All the members of a species that live in the same area form a population.", "pos": "Population The sum of all the same species in a given area.", "neg": "Micronutrients are essential to the body in small amounts because they are either components of enzymes (the minerals) or act as coenzymes in managing chemical reactions.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}82{"query": "The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.", "pos": "A gas has neither definite volume nor shape;", "neg": "This \"innate\" immune system provides a first line of defense, and, in vertebrates, also triggers a more adaptive, specific immune response.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}83{"query": "The atom in a neutron is found in the the nucleus.", "pos": "Nucleus The nucleus of an atom is comprised of protons and neutrons.", "neg": "transpiration --process by which water that is absorbed by plants, usually through the roots, is evaporated into the atmosphere from the plant surface, such as leaf pores.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}84{"query": "Depth and density are the two factors that affect the pressure of fluids.", "pos": "The pressure depends ONLY on the depth and the density of the fluid.", "neg": "Prokaryote A single-cell organism that has no distinct nucleus.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}85{"query": "The energy content of foods is often expressed in calories.", "pos": "When referring to the energy content of food, the actual calories are kilocalories (1000 calories) and should be written with a capital "C".", "neg": "Deposition occurs where the water motion slows.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}86{"query": "Cells come from preexisting cells.", "pos": "Other scientists concluded that all living things are made of cells and that living cells arise only from preexisting cells.", "neg": "At the earth’s surface, the air pressure exerted on you is a result of the weight of air above you.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}87{"query": "A role of mushrooms in ecosystems is breaking down dead plant material.", "pos": "A fungus , such as this mushroom , is a decomposer of dead plants .", "neg": "Liquid Liquid  definite volume but indefinite shape; particles close together but not in fixed positions Gas Gas  neither definite volume nor definite shape; particles are at great distances from one another Plasma  high temperature, ionized phase of matter as found on the sun.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}88{"query": "Momentum is directly related to both mass and velocity.", "pos": "Since momentum is mass times velocity, and not mass times speed, direction matters.", "neg": "Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that cannot make their own food and do not technically eat.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}89{"query": "Carnivore is the name for a heterotroph that eats only or mainly animal foods.", "pos": "carnivores are animals that eat meat.", "neg": "Clouds form(s) when water vapor condenses in the air around specs of matter.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}90{"query": "The acidity of a solution is typically assessed experimentally by measurement of its ph.", "pos": "pH is the measurement of acidity, alkalinity, or neutrality of a water based solution.", "neg": "Atherosclerosis A condition where plaque builds up within the walls of arteries and in time may completely prevent blood flow.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}91{"query": "The skin is made of two layers: epidermis and dermis.", "pos": "Skin Mesh Human skin has a layered structure consisting of the dermis and epidermis.", "neg": "CATALYSIS The defining property of all catalysts is that they increase the speed of a chemical reaction without being used up or appearing as one of the products of the reaction.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}92{"query": "Photosynthesis is described by this statement: carbon dioxide and water are turned into sugar and oxygen.", "pos": "During photosynthesis, plants use the energy of the sun to drive a reaction that converts carbon dioxide and water to sugar and oxygen .", "neg": "The term latency is used to describe viruses that live in a dormant state inside the body.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}93{"query": "The skin is made of two layers: epidermis and dermis.", "pos": "Healthcare Professional Version Michala Belongy The skin consists of two layers, the epidermis and dermis.", "neg": "CATALYSIS The defining property of all catalysts is that they increase the speed of a chemical reaction without being used up or appearing as one of the products of the reaction.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}94{"query": "There are four valves in the heart.", "pos": "The heart in this defect has four chambers, two normal valves, two valves which are abnormal, and two large holes in the heart.", "neg": "A weed is any plant growing where it isn't wanted, but usually these are the plants that emerge naturally following soil disturbance.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}95{"query": "Specific scents are often associated with memories.", "pos": "According to Frontier Herbs, the use of essential oils in aromatherapy is effective because the human brain responds to past memories associated with a scent.", "neg": "Interphase is the cell cycle stage between mitotic divisions during which cell growth and chromosome duplication occurs.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}96{"query": "Ions that contain fewer electrons than protons have a net positive charge and are called cations.", "pos": "A cation has net positive charge (the charge of protons is greater     than the charge of electrons).", "neg": "The greenhouse effect is the direct result of the large amounts of carbon dioxide ( CO2) which are constantly being released into our atmosphere through the burning of fossil fuels.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}97{"query": "The light reactions take place in the thylakoid.", "pos": "In plants, light-dependent reactions occur in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplasts where they drive the synthesis of ATP and NADPH.", "neg": "Vector is a measure that has both size and direction.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}98{"query": "Tides is the term for when the water of the ocean slowly rises and falls.", "pos": "The tides continually mix the waters and, by their rise and fall, water the plants.", "neg": "The structure of mitochondrion plays an important role in aerobic respiration.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}99{"query": "Watering plants and grass in the early morning is a way to conserve water because smaller amounts of water evaporate in the cool morning.", "pos": "Water your lawn in the early morning or late afternoon to avoid evaporation.", "neg": "Nucleus The very high density central part of an atom consisting of protons and neutrons .", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}100{"query": "The term half-life decribes the amount of time required for half of the original material to decay in an isotope.", "pos": "The half life being the time it takes for one half of the material originally present to decay.", "neg": "The microfibrils in higher plants are made of cellulose, the most abundant macromolecule on Earth.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}101{"query": "Ocean waves are mainly caused by wind.", "pos": "The WIND causes waves.", "neg": "If the diploid number of chromosomes in an organism is 46, such as it is in humans, the organism has 46 chromosomes in any skin or muscle cell.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}102{"query": "A calorimeter is a device used to measure temperature changes during chemical processes called.", "pos": "Differential Scanning Calorimeter Measures energy flow and temperature associated with chemical reactions or changes in physical state.", "neg": "They are herbivores which means they only eat plant life.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}103{"query": "The sun is the largest body in the solar system.", "pos": "The sun dwarfs the other bodies in the solar system, representing approximately 99.86 percent of all the mass in the solar system.", "neg": "Micronutrients are essential to the body in small amounts because they are either components of enzymes (the minerals) or act as coenzymes in managing chemical reactions.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}104{"query": "Biomass is an example of a renewable energy resource.", "pos": "Renewable resources potential for renewable energy production such as wind, solar, small hydropower and biomass must be promoted and subsidised against fossil-fuel energy production.", "neg": "When a migraine hits, it's the result of those cells causing the blood vessels nearby to dilate and inflame, resulting in the headache.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}105{"query": "Sphygmomanometer is used to measure blood pressure.", "pos": "Blood pressure was measured in a semi-recumbent position with the use of a mercury sphygmomanometer and a cuff of appropriate size on the right arm, following the protocol of the Joint National Committee on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (1988).", "neg": "The diversity among organisms has arisen through mutations , which are changes in the structure of DNA molecules.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}106{"query": "There have been five major massive extinctions since life began on earth.", "pos": "There have been five major extinctions of life forms on the earth since life arose over a billion years ago.", "neg": "solid 1 A state that retains shape independent of the shape of the container it occupies.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}107{"query": "Mutations are changes to an organism’s dna and are an important driver of diversity in populations.", "pos": "Mutation --any change in a DNA sequence.", "neg": "Gases have the lowest density.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}108{"query": "Force times distance is the equation for work.", "pos": "Work -- Force times distance.", "neg": "Eukaryotes, which include all other organisms except viruses, have a membrane-bound nucleus as well as membrane-enclosed cytoplasmic organelles.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}109{"query": "Photosynthesis is described by this statement: carbon dioxide and water are turned into sugar and oxygen.", "pos": "Photosynthesis involves the reduction of carbon dioxide into sugars and the oxidation of water into molecular oxygen.", "neg": "The term latency is used to describe viruses that live in a dormant state inside the body.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}110{"query": "A(n) gastropods is noted for having its eyes at the tips of stalks or tentacles that emerge from its head.", "pos": "The majority of gastropods have simple visual organs, eye spots either at the tip or base of the tentacles.", "neg": "Law of Conservation of Energy This law states that energy can be transferred from one system to another in many forms, however, it can not be created nor destroyed .", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}111{"query": "Transpiration is when plant roots absorb liquid water and release water vapor into the atmosphere.", "pos": "Water present in soils is extracted by plants through transpiration and results in the release of water vapor into the atmosphere.", "neg": "There are three quarks in each proton and neutron.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}112{"query": "The two main fundamental particles that make up neutrons are quarks and gluons.", "pos": "The only thing that holds the quarks together to make protons and neutrons is energy ( carried by gluons ) .", "neg": "As the water evaporates, it will provide humidity to the plant.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}113{"query": "The nervous system sends electrical signals to all other body systems.", "pos": "nervous system The nervous system is the body tissue that records and distributes information in the body using electrical and chemical transmission.", "neg": "Sediments is the term for the small particles that rocks are worn down to by water and wind.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}114{"query": "A(n) increase in length happens to metal railroad tracks during the heat of a summer day.", "pos": "Expansion : An increase in size, for example: when a metal rod is heated, it increases in length and perhaps also in diameter.", "neg": "In summary, the cell is the basic unit of all that lives, including the human body.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}115{"query": "Seismologists originally measured the intensity of an earthquake with the mercalli scale.", "pos": "1 The Mercalli method of measuring earthquake intensity in terms of damage incurred originated in 1902 and continued to about 1935, when the Richter method of recording earthquake magnitude in terms of energy released replaced the Mercalli scale.", "neg": "Plant cells have structures that animal cells lack.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}116{"query": "One way that the moon is different from earth is that the moon has almost no atmosphere.", "pos": "The main reason the Moon is so different from Earth is because the Moon has no atmosphere.", "neg": "coagulation -- in water treatment, the use of chemicals to make suspended solids gather or group together into small flocs.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}117{"query": "Mercury is the one metal that melts below room temperature.", "pos": "Mercury, a metal with such a low melting point that it's a liquid at room temperature, binds to sulfur atoms in living cells and destroys important enzymes, such as those that control nerve cells.", "neg": "among other things, plants give off oxygen and take in carbon dioxide gas necessary for growth and development.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}118{"query": "Fission takes place when an animal simply divides into two parts.", "pos": "Reproduction can take place by fission, the anemone splitting in half longitudinally.", "neg": "Climate is the long-term patterns of weather in a particular region, including temperatures, rain, snow, and other factors.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}119{"query": "Blood is made up of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma.", "pos": "Hematology, Coagulation, and Urinalysis focuses on the study of blood components (white blood cell, red blood cells, platelets, and plasma), blood-forming tissues, and clotting factors.", "neg": "The article tends to lean toward the idea that the enhanced greenhouse effect is not a naturally occurring phenomenon, rather it is rooted in human actions.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}120{"query": "Primary pollutants enter the air directly.", "pos": "These pollutants are all called primary pollutants because they have direct sources.", "neg": "Bone is living tissue that makes up the body's skeleton providing shape and support.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}121{"query": "Each pollen grain has two coverings: the exine (thicker, outer layer) and the intine.", "pos": "Features of pollen grains used in identification are size, shape, thickness of the exine (outer wall) and intine (inner wall) of the pollen grain.", "neg": "The fundamental law of Chemistry is that matter and energy cannot be created or destroyed -- the principle that underlies all formulas describing every chemical reaction.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}122{"query": "The cardiovascular system transports many substances to and from cells throughout the body.", "pos": "The cardiovascular system is responsible for transporting nutrients and removing gaseous waste from the body.", "neg": "A lithium-7 atom contains three protons, four neutrons, and three electrons, and it is a boson, which means that its total atomic spin is an integer, usually zero.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}123{"query": "According to the law of conservation of energy, energy can never actually be “consumed”; it can only be changed from one form to another.", "pos": "CONCEPT According to the Law of Conservation of Energy, we cannot create or destroy energy, but we can change its form.", "neg": "Features of pollen grains used in identification are size, shape, thickness of the exine (outer wall) and intine (inner wall) of the pollen grain.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}124{"query": "Prokaryotes are single-celled or colonial organisms that do not have membranebound nuclei.", "pos": "Prokaryote An organism or cell that lacks a membrane-bounded nucleus.", "neg": "This oxygen is transferred from the lungs into the bloodstream and it is responsible for the transfer of heat throughout the body.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}125{"query": "Fructose is a sugar that is found in fruits.", "pos": "Fructose (primarily healthy fruit sugars);", "neg": "These valves open and close depending on the phase of the heart beat to allow the blood to flow from one chamber of the heart  to another and to prevent the backflow of blood.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}126{"query": "Alternating current is the term for electric current that keeps reversing direction.", "pos": "In alternating current (q.v.) the motion of the electric charges is periodically reversed; in direct current (q.v.) it is not.", "neg": "Bones are made up of tissues.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}127{"query": "Acids are associated with a low number on the ph scale.", "pos": "If the pH is low the solution is acidic;", "neg": "Soon the single cell that resulted from the union of the sperm and egg becomes an embryo that has millions of cells.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}128{"query": "The two parathyroid glands are located behind the thyroid gland.", "pos": "The parathyroid glands are located behind the thyroid, and produce parathyroid hormone in response to low blood calcium levels.", "neg": "All life on Earth is based on the element carbon, and living things make chemical changes to this carbon.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}129{"query": "Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the united states.", "pos": "Coronary heart disease is currently the leading cause of death in the United States.", "neg": "When light strikes an interface between two substances, in general some may be reflected, some absorbed, some scattered, and the rest transmitted (also see refraction).", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}130{"query": "Condensation must occur for clouds to form.", "pos": "Condensation is when clouds form.", "neg": "Surveys the morphology of the musculo-skeletal system, the dentition, the viscera, the nervous system, including the brain and sensory organs, and the reproductive system.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}131{"query": "A parallel circuit is best described as: electricity flows along more than one pathway", "pos": "In a parallel circuit current is given a choice of flowing one pathway or another.", "neg": "Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that cannot make their own food and do not technically eat.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}132{"query": "The element hydrogen is the most abundant in the universe.", "pos": "It's Abundant Hydrogen is the most plentiful element in the universe.", "neg": "Explore the life cycle of these cold-blooded vertebrates as they change from eggs to tadpoles to adult frogs, losing their gills and forming lungs along the way.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}133{"query": "Acids release hydrogen ions, by definition.", "pos": "An acid is any chemical that releases hydrogen ions when dissolved in water.", "neg": "Smooth muscle regulates air flow in lungs.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}134{"query": "Mercury is the one metal that melts below room temperature.", "pos": "Mercury is so poor at forming metallic bonds that it is liquid at room temperature.", "neg": "among other things, plants give off oxygen and take in carbon dioxide gas necessary for growth and development.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}135{"query": "There are 46 chromosomes chromosomes in a diploid human cell.", "pos": "Most eukaryotes are diploid , that is they have two copies of each chromosome, thus every human cell actually has 46 chromosomes in every cell.", "neg": "Evaporation, which of course is powered by the sun, turns the liquid water of the oceans (and to smaller degree fresh water) into a gaseous state, which we call water vapor.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}136{"query": "The skin is made of two layers: epidermis and dermis.", "pos": "Natural Aging Process of Our Skin The skin is made up of two layers, the epidermis and the dermis.", "neg": "CATALYSIS The defining property of all catalysts is that they increase the speed of a chemical reaction without being used up or appearing as one of the products of the reaction.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}137{"query": "Prokaryotic cells' organelles because not membrane-bound.", "pos": "Prokaryote An organism, one of the bacteria, whose cell contains neither a membrane-bound nucleus nor other membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria and plastids.", "neg": "The Sun transfers heat to the Earth through radiation.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}138{"query": "Ionic bonds between two atoms require one metal and one nonmetal.", "pos": "Ionic compounds are formed between metals and nonmetals, while covalent compounds are formed between two nonmetals, or, as is the case with tin tetraiodide, between an element that is a borderline metal (notice the position of tin on the periodic chart) and a nonmetal like iodine.", "neg": "It consists of the gastrointestinal tract (gut), an extensive tube extending from the mouth to the anus, through which the swallowing, digestion, and assimilation of food and the elimination of waste products are accomplished.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}139{"query": "In the nuclear fusion process, two light nuclei combine to produce a heavier nucleus and great energy.", "pos": "FUSION For the purpose of this class, is a nuclear reaction in which light nuclei combine to form a nucleus of a heavier mass number.", "neg": "Moss is best classified as a nonvascular plant.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}140{"query": "Plasma completes the list: solid, liquid, gas.", "pos": "Plasma is the fourth state of matter, following solid, liquid, and gas.", "neg": "weed a plant growing where it is not desired.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}141{"query": "Microscopes were first developed in the early 1600s by eyeglass makers.", "pos": "MICROSCOPE The microscope may have been invented by eyeglass makers in Middelburg, The Netherlands, invented sometime between 1590 and 1610.", "neg": "Metabolism is the sum of all chemical processes that occur in the body, including catabolism and anabolism.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}142{"query": "Water seeping into the ground is known as infiltration.", "pos": "Infiltration is the process where water seeps into the ground.", "neg": "Protons have a positive charge and are in the nucleus of the atom along with neutrons which have a neutral charge.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}143{"query": "The tilt of earth on its axis is one factor that contributes to seasons occurring in new york state.", "pos": "(A)  recognize that seasons are caused by the    tilt of Earth's axis;", "neg": "Proteins are long chain molecules of amino acids with a backbone of covalently bonded atoms.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}144{"query": "It takes 24 hours for the earth to make a complete rotation of its axis.", "pos": "This means that it takes 24 hours for the Earth to spin, or rotate, completely around one time.", "neg": "Certain characteristics are frequently inherited together because of linkage.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}145{"query": "A mineral is described as a solid natural material with a crystal structure.", "pos": "A mineral is a naturally occurring solid with a definite chemical composition and crystal structure.", "neg": "Consumers take in food by eating producers or other living things.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}146{"query": "Saliva secretion initiates chemical digestion while also protecting the oral cavity.", "pos": "The salivary glands are more typical exocrine glands, secreting saliva into the oral cavity to lubricate and solubilize food, initiate digestion, and protect against microbes.", "neg": "These planets differ from the definition of a planet in astronomy in that the sun, moon, and recently, Pluto and Ceres (considered as dwarf planets in astronomy), are all considered to be planets for the purposes of astrology.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}147{"query": "Most of the energy used by living things comes either directly or indirectly from the sun.", "pos": "Almost all other organisms obtain their energy, directly or indirectly, from the sun.", "neg": "coagulation -- in water treatment, the use of chemicals to make suspended solids gather or group together into small flocs.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}148{"query": "Phototrophs capture light energy and convert it to chemical energy inside its cell.", "pos": "Phototrophs Phototrophs take light from the sun and convert it directly into biochemical energy and reducing power.", "neg": "Vectors have both a  magnitude (or size) and a direction.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}149{"query": "You call the movement of a substance from an area of a higher amount toward an area of lower amount diffusion.", "pos": "Diffusion is movement of molecules along a concentration gradient from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration.", "neg": "Elements cannot be broken down into any other substance.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}150{"query": "Cells are the specialized building blocks of your body.", "pos": "These cells are the building blocks from which every successive cell in the human body develops.", "neg": "Uneven heating of the atmosphere form weather patterns.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}151{"query": "Diaphragm, lungs, and trachea take air deep into the body and provide oxygen gas to the bloodstream.", "pos": "Remember that the lungs transfer oxygen to the bloodstream, and most of the actual exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen takes place in the lower lungs.", "neg": "Ions may also be formed when an atom or molecule loses one or more electrons as a result of energy gained in a collision with another particle or with a photon.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}152{"query": "Natural selection is the process that allows organisms with better traits to survive and produce.", "pos": "Natural selection is the increased survival and reproduction of some organisms due to favorable genetic traits highlighted by competition (1).", "neg": "A gas has neither definite volume nor shape;", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}153{"query": "Snakes use their tongue to smell things.", "pos": "Snakes can also smell the air with their tongue, with the help of an accessory mouth organ (Jacobson's organ).", "neg": "Capacitors are the devices placed in electric circuits where charge can build up, which store energy when charged and release it when they discharge.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}154{"query": "The pressure of a sample of gas is measured with an open-end manometer.", "pos": "An open-end manometer containing water as the working fluid is used to measure the pressure of gas in a bulb.", "neg": "In eukaryotes, cell division involves nuclear divisions ( Mitosis or Meiosis ) followed by cytokinesis .", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}155{"query": "There are two different main types of diabetes.", "pos": "There are two main kinds of diabetes, Type I and Type II.", "neg": "Air is made of atoms.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}156{"query": "A normal human liver cell has 23 pairs of chromosomes.", "pos": "humans normally have 23 pairs of chromosomes.", "neg": "Atmospheric pressure is the pressure caused by air when it exerts pressure on the surface of earth.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}157{"query": "The cytoplasm is divided during cytokinesis.", "pos": "as the ring contracts it pulls the mebrane inwards to divide the contents of the cytoplasm in cytokinesis.", "neg": "Earth's atmosphere consists of mainly oxygen and nitrogen.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}158{"query": "Too little calcium can cause the disease osteoporosis.", "pos": "Although lack of calcium can cause osteoporosis, taking extra calcium, by itself, does not treat osteoporosis.", "neg": "In these clouds hydrogen, the most abundant element in the universe, takes-on molecular form.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}159{"query": "Mutations are changes to an organism’s dna and are an important driver of diversity in populations.", "pos": "The longer a population group has existed, the more diverse will be their DNA because more mutations will have occurred.", "neg": "Gases have the lowest density.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}160{"query": "Plants that grow where you don't want them are called weeds.", "pos": "A weed is any plant growing where it isn't wanted.", "neg": "Plasma completes the list: solid, liquid, gas.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}161{"query": "Oxygen is made by trees and other plants during photosynthesis.", "pos": "Plants convert carbon dioxide into oxygen as a byproduct of photosynthesis.", "neg": "The magnet is wrapped with a coil of  wire that forms an electromagnet, wound so that its polarity is the opposite of that of the permanent magnet.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}162{"query": "In a biological reaction, proteins act as catalysts.", "pos": "enzyme biological catalysts in the form of proteins in the body that speed up chemical reactions.", "neg": "latitude Imaginary lines drawn around the world and used to measure distance north and south of the Equator .", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}163{"query": "Most people can survive only a few days without water.", "pos": "While we can go for extended periods without most nutrients, the limit without water is only a few days.", "neg": "The double helix dna shape forms when the two nucleotide chains wrap around the same axis.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}164{"query": "Prokaryotes are single-celled or colonial organisms that do not have membranebound nuclei.", "pos": "Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms that lack a membrane-bound nucleus and usually lack membrane-bound organelles (mitochondria, chloroplasts).", "neg": "This oxygen is transferred from the lungs into the bloodstream and it is responsible for the transfer of heat throughout the body.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}165{"query": "Protons and neutrons are located in the central nucleus.", "pos": "Atoms consist of a central nucleus containing protons and neutrons (except hydrogen, which has just one proton and no neutrons) surrounded by electrons.", "neg": "EVAPORATION Water changing into vapor and rising into the air.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}166{"query": "Rocks on ocean floor is evidence that magnetic reversals occur.", "pos": "We find an ordered succession of magnetized rocks on the ocean floors that record 100 and more full reversals of the present direction of the magnetic poles during the past couple of 100 million years of seafloor spreading.", "neg": "Since the cell is the basic unit of all living things and can perform all the life activities.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}167{"query": "The stratosphere is the layer above the troposphere.", "pos": "In the layer above the troposphere, the stratosphere, temperature rises with increasing altitude.", "neg": "Examples include amino acids and proteins, which have amine and carboxylic acid groups, and self-ionizable compounds such as water and ammonia.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}168{"query": "Human facial expressions can communicate emotions.", "pos": "Emotion is communicated through facial and bodily expressions, postural and voice changes.", "neg": "Unlike energy, matter is not lost as it passes through an ecosystem.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}169{"query": "Conifers are the most prevalent type of gymnosperms.", "pos": "The conifers  are the most successful gymnosperms, especially on dry sites (needles are drought resistant).", "neg": "When a radioactive nucleus emits an electron ( beta decay ), it is in fact a neutron within the nucleus that transforms into a proton by emitting a W- which, soon after, decays into an electron anti-neutrino pair.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}170{"query": "Plasma is the state of matter that resembles a gas, but is made of ions, giving it different properties than a typical gas.", "pos": "These bridges of matter are called plasma, and consist of completely ionized gas containing equal number of free electrons and positive ions.", "neg": "All vertebrates reproduce sexually.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}171{"query": "Latitude is used to measure, in degrees, the distance north or south of the equater.", "pos": "Parallels of latitude are measured in degrees north or south from the equator, from 0 degrees to 90 degrees at each pole.", "neg": "Multiple fission is more often observed among protists.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}172{"query": "Vaccine is a preventative measure that is often delivered by injection into the arm.", "pos": "The vaccine is injected into the skin of the arm or thigh.", "neg": "When the glaciers melted, they left behind deposits composed of a complex mixture of coarse and fine grained unconsolidated sediments.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}173{"query": "Like a runner passing a baton, the transmission of nerve impulses between neurons depends on neurotransmitters.", "pos": "The neurotransmitter glutamate transmits the nerve impulses from upper to lower motor neurons, where it is detected by glutamatergic receptors.", "neg": "Jupiter and Saturn consist largely of hydrogen and helium.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}174{"query": "Most of the energy used by living things comes either directly or indirectly from the sun.", "pos": "We would not be living as we are without the sun's direct and indirect nourishment.", "neg": "coagulation -- in water treatment, the use of chemicals to make suspended solids gather or group together into small flocs.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}175{"query": "Four valence electrons can be found in a carbon atom.", "pos": "Carbon has four valence electrons so it can combine with large number of other elements.", "neg": "A watershed is all the land drained by a stream or river.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}176{"query": "Ectothermic is the term for animals that  cannot raise their body temperature on their own.", "pos": "Amphibians are ectothermic, depending upon external heat to regulate        body temperature.", "neg": "Wavelength is the distance measured along the line of propagation, between the crests of two adjacent waves (Figure 1).", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}177{"query": "Altricial organisms are helpless at birth and require lots of help from their parents.", "pos": "They are altricial, being born naked and helpless, with their eyes shut.", "neg": "Dispersion is controlled by diffusion, which is the movement from areas of high to low concentrations, and by mixing, which is the movement of air in the space.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}178{"query": "One example of matter is water.", "pos": "Some examples of matter are people, air, soil, water, and planets.", "neg": "It actually takes the Earth 365.2422 days to complete its orbit around the sun.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}179{"query": "Too little calcium can cause the disease osteoporosis.", "pos": "Too little calcium can cause osteoporosis .", "neg": "In these clouds hydrogen, the most abundant element in the universe, takes-on molecular form.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}180{"query": "In the body, oxygen is used by cells of the body’s tissues and carbon dioxide is produced as a waste product.", "pos": "Blood (Represents 8% of body weight) Cell-containing fluid that carries nutrients, electrolytes, hormones, antibodies, heat, and oxygen to body tissues and carrying away waste and carbon dioxide.", "neg": "Superconductors are materials which (under certain specific conditions) have zero resistivity, and are perfect diamagnets.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}181{"query": "An individual grows quickly and develops new abilities during their infancy and childhood.", "pos": "Infancy and early childhood are times of rapid growth and development.", "neg": "Since chemical reactions can neither create nor destroy matter, nor transmute one element into another, the amount of each element must be the same throughout the overall reaction.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}182{"query": "Hemoglobin is the name of the blood protein that carries oxygen from the lungs to the body's assorted tissues.", "pos": "Hemoglobin carries oxygen from the lungs to body tissues.", "neg": "Bare rocks are produced when glaciers recede or volcanoes erupt.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}183{"query": "Pressure is defined in physics as the amount of force pushing against a given area.", "pos": "Since a pressure is defined as force applied on an area, or force per area, then work is pressure times a volume change, P(V final -", "neg": "The mitotic cell cycle of eucaryotes is divided in four successive stages.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}184{"query": "A frog develops (a/an) lungs as it changes from a tadpole to an adult frog.", "pos": "As a tadpole begins to transform into a frog, they begin developing lungs, feet and they loose their tales.", "neg": "Neutrons are electrically neutral.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}185{"query": "Caffeine and alcohol are two examples of a psychoactive.", "pos": "In Table 1, the psychoactive drugs most widely used by humans -- caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, marijuana, and benzodiazepines -- are those that animals are least likely to self-administer in the laboratory.", "neg": "The              sun stays in its position at the center of our solar system.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}186{"query": "Conifers are the most prevalent type of gymnosperms.", "pos": "Conifers are by far the most abundant extant group of gymnosperms with six to eight families, with a total of 65-70 genera and 600-630 species (696 accepted names).", "neg": "When a radioactive nucleus emits an electron ( beta decay ), it is in fact a neutron within the nucleus that transforms into a proton by emitting a W- which, soon after, decays into an electron anti-neutrino pair.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}187{"query": "The mantle layer of earth is located just below the crust.", "pos": "mantle The layer of the Earth below the crust and above the core .", "neg": "Proteins are formed by joining the amino acids into a long stretched chain, the protein sequence, a translation of the genes into a 20-letter alphabet of amino acids.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}188{"query": "Leukocytes blood cells are white.", "pos": "Leukocytes White blood cells or corpuscles.", "neg": "Gravity is important because it causes the planets to orbit the sun and produces convection cycles inside the Earth and in its atmosphere and oceans.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}189{"query": "The everyday beverage coffee is a commodity second only to oil in worldwide trade.", "pos": "Coffee is the second most highly traded commodity in the world after oil, and the industry is a major employer throughout Latin America, Asia, and Africa.", "neg": "Ions- An electrically charged particle, formed when an atom loses or gains one or more electrons to form a stable outer shell.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}190{"query": "We call the worldwide radio-navigation system formed from a constellation of 24 satellites and their ground stations gps.", "pos": "A good example of a military space system available for commercial use is the Navstar Global Positioning System (GPS),  a constellation of 24 satellites providing 24-hour navigation services.", "neg": "Biochemical reactions take place inside the organisms' cells.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}191{"query": "A single human body cell typically contains thousands of genes.", "pos": "A human cell contains many thousands of different genes.", "neg": "Evaporation (Evaporation of Water) Emission of water vapor by the free surface of liquid water at a temperature below the boiling point.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}192{"query": "Force times distance is the equation for work.", "pos": "This equation says that the work (or W) (in joules) done by a force (or F) is equal to the product of that force and the distance (d) over which it acts.", "neg": "Eukaryotes, which include all other organisms except viruses, have a membrane-bound nucleus as well as membrane-enclosed cytoplasmic organelles.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}193{"query": "All the members of a species that live in the same area form a population.", "pos": "A population is an assemblage of organisms of the same species utilizing the resources in the same area.", "neg": "Micronutrients are essential to the body in small amounts because they are either components of enzymes (the minerals) or act as coenzymes in managing chemical reactions.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}194{"query": "You call an animal that feeds on other animals a(n) carnivore.", "pos": "Animals that       eat other animals, such as mountain lions and wasps, are called       carnivores.", "neg": "An open-end manometer containing water as the working fluid is used to measure the pressure of gas in a bulb.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}195{"query": "Bases normally have a bitter taste.", "pos": "Bases are alkaline and have a bitter taste.", "neg": "An air mass is defined as a large, more or less uniform body of air with nearly the same temperature and moisture conditions.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}196{"query": "Most of earth's water is located in oceans", "pos": "Of all the earth's water, 97 percent is salt water located in oceans and seas.", "neg": "Crisscrossing the cytoplasm is a structure called the cytoskeleton , which consists of thread-like filaments and tubules.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}197{"query": "All cells share the characteristic that they need energy.", "pos": "All cells need energy to carry out their functions, such as making proteins and transporting substances into and out of the cell.", "neg": "Ultrasound is ultra high frequency sound, well above detection by the human ear--in the range of 1 million to 10 million hertz.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}198{"query": "Exchange of dna segments happens between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes during crossing-over.", "pos": "crossing over Exchange of chromosomal segments between nonsister chromatids of homologous chromosomes that occurs during prophase I of meiosis .", "neg": "Water below the ground's surface is called groundwater.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}199{"query": "When naming an ionic compound, the cation is written first.", "pos": "The cation comes first, both in the name and in the formula for an ionic compound.", "neg": "endotherms Animals that have the ability to maintain a constant body temperature over a wide range of environmental conditions.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}200{"query": "You call a substance that is not an acid or a base neutral.", "pos": "A unit of measurement called pH is used to record whether a substance is acidic, alkaline, or neutral, and also determines the strength of acidity or alkalinity.", "neg": "As the population grows, competition for the same limited resources (food) increases.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}201{"query": "Blood from the lungs enters into the left atrium.", "pos": "Blood rich in oxygen leaves the lungs through the pulmonary vein and enters the left atrium.", "neg": "Thermal energy constitutes the total kinetic energy of all the atoms that make up an object.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}202{"query": "Protein is an important part of a healthy diet because it is needed to repair tissue.", "pos": "Protein is necessary for tissue repair, so a lack of protein in the diet can result in skin issues.", "neg": "These tiny water droplets form clouds.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}203{"query": "Two low and high tides occur per day.", "pos": "Semi-diurnal tides have two high and two low waters per tidal day ( Figure 6r-4 ).", "neg": "Any large molecule is referred to as a macromolecule.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}204{"query": "Violet and red are two types of visible light.", "pos": "Visible light, for example, ranges from violet to red.", "neg": "A(n) genome is considered to be a person's entire genetic information.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}205{"query": "When blood vessels in the head dilate, a migraine, a severe headache, can occur.", "pos": "Migraine headaches are vascular headaches in which some event triggers the blood vessels to the brain to constrict and then dilate, leading to a severe headache, nausea, vomiting, eye pain, and other symptoms.", "neg": "Unlike energy, matter doesn’t need to be constantly added to ecosystems because it is recycled through ecosystems.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}206{"query": "Sphygmomanometer is used to measure blood pressure.", "pos": "Sphygmomanometer, an instrument that measures blood pressure, using an inflatable blood pressure cuff and gauge.", "neg": "The diversity among organisms has arisen through mutations , which are changes in the structure of DNA molecules.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}207{"query": "A(n) radioisotopes is an isotope that is radioactive.", "pos": "radioisotope An isotope that is radioactive, i.e., one having an unstable nucleus, which gives it the property of decay by one or more of several processes.", "neg": "transpiration The process in plants by which water is taken up by the roots and released as water vapor by the leaves.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}208{"query": "Digestion begins in the mouth.", "pos": "Digestion begins in the mouth where salivary amylase starts the breakdown of carbohydrates.", "neg": "Although relatively rare on earth, plasmas make up more than 99 percent of the visible matter in the universe.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}209{"query": "Saturn is made mostly of helium and hydrogen.", "pos": "Saturn is a gas giant, and is made up mostly of hydrogen and helium in gas and liquid form.", "neg": "An electrical signal along a nerve cell triggers the secretion of neurotransmitter molecules.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}210{"query": "Saliva secretion initiates chemical digestion while also protecting the oral cavity.", "pos": "While saliva serves as a lubricant that facilitates the digestive process, it also provides protection to teeth and soft tissue from a variety of bacteria and viruses.", "neg": "These planets differ from the definition of a planet in astronomy in that the sun, moon, and recently, Pluto and Ceres (considered as dwarf planets in astronomy), are all considered to be planets for the purposes of astrology.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}211{"query": "Decomposers release inorganic molecules once they have broken down the dead organisms.", "pos": "The traditional role for bacteria is that of decomposers, breaking down dead organic material and remineralizing the inorganic nutrients (ammonia, nitrate, phosphate) and carbon dioxide used by microalgae during photosynthesis to make new plant biomass.", "neg": "The laser has the unique ability to produce one specific color (wavelength) of light which can be varied in its intensity and pulse duration.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}212{"query": "Loud sounds that cause hearing loss damage the hair cells in the inner ear.", "pos": "Loud noises can cause damage to the hair cells in the inner ear and to the hearing nerve, called sensorineural hearing loss or nerve deafness.", "neg": "Photosynthetic organisms are photoautotrophs , which means that they are able to synthesize food directly from carbon dioxide and water using energy from light.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}213{"query": "All life is built around the element carbon.", "pos": "CARBON MOVEMENT Carbon, the basis of all life on Earth.", "neg": "Diffusion is the process when particles move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}214{"query": "In the nuclear fusion process, two light nuclei combine to produce a heavier nucleus and great energy.", "pos": "This is because stars get their energy from the process of nuclear fusion (two nuclei joining to form one heavier nucleus and releasing large amounts of energy).", "neg": "Moss is best classified as a nonvascular plant.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}215{"query": "Atoms carry a neutral charge.", "pos": "Since the negative and positive charges are balanced, the atom is neutral, or without any charge.", "neg": "enhanced greenhouse effect the increase in the strength of the natural greenhouse effect , resulting from human activities that release additional quantities of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}216{"query": "Matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.", "pos": "In a chemical reaction, matter is neither created nor destroyed.", "neg": "The seasons are then the result of this tilt of the Earth's axis.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}217{"query": "A scallop is a(n) mollusk.", "pos": "Scallop ( or ) is a common name that is primarily applied to any one of numerous species of saltwater clams or marine bivalve mollusks in the taxonomic family Pectinidae, the scallops.", "neg": "The chief components of the Earth's atmosphere are nitrogen and oxygen.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}218{"query": "Ocean acidification occurs when excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere causes the oceans to become acidic.", "pos": "Ocean acidification (OA) is the process by which anthropogenically derived atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) is absorbed into surface seawater, lowering the pH and concentration of carbonate ions in the global ocean (Caldeira and Wickett 2003 ; Doney et al. 2009 ).", "neg": "Solids Solids have fixed shapes that are independent of their containers.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}219{"query": "Dry skin and scales are part of an animal that would most likely be classified as a reptile.", "pos": "A reptile is an animal that has dry, scaly skin and breathes with lungs.", "neg": "Through a process called electromagnetic induction, generators change the kinetic energy of a spinning turbine to electrical energy.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}220{"query": "Surface tension is responsible for the fact that small insects can walk on water.", "pos": "You can understand surface tension in liquids, the way small insects can walk on water, well solids exhibit similar characteristics and this is the key to how useful they are in the bonding process.", "neg": "Types of Radioactive Decay When unstable nuclei decay, the reactions generally involve the emission of a particle and or energy.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}221{"query": "Loud sounds that cause hearing loss damage the hair cells in the inner ear.", "pos": "Exposure to harmful sounds damages sensitive hair cells of the inner ear, eventually affecting the nerve of hearing.", "neg": "Photosynthetic organisms are photoautotrophs , which means that they are able to synthesize food directly from carbon dioxide and water using energy from light.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}222{"query": "A method of sexual reproduction that occurs in plants can be described as seeds are produced from the flower of the plant.", "pos": "Reproduction in flowering plants takes place sexually, resulting in the production of a seed.", "neg": "Mercury has relatively weak bonds for a metal and melts at -39  degrees Celsius, so it is a liquid at room temperature.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}223{"query": "The sun is the center of our solar system.", "pos": "The Sun is at the center of our solar system.", "neg": "coagulation -- in water treatment, the use of chemicals to make suspended solids gather or group together into small flocs.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}224{"query": "Humans typically have 23 pairs pairs of chromosomes.", "pos": "Humans have 46 chromosomes that are organized into 23 pairs.", "neg": "When the ground absorbs the water and it settles below the surface it is called groundwater.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}225{"query": "Looking directly at the sun can cause blindness.", "pos": "Staring directly at the Sun --even through clouds-- can lead to blindness.", "neg": "Eukaryote A eukaryote is an organism (micro-organism, plant or animal) whose cells contain a membrane-bound nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}226{"query": "Too little calcium can cause the disease osteoporosis.", "pos": "The lack of calcium for bones can lead to osteoporosis, which is not a for-women-only disease.", "neg": "In these clouds hydrogen, the most abundant element in the universe, takes-on molecular form.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}227{"query": "Cells come from preexisting cells.", "pos": "Living cells can only arise from preexisting cells, which then divide to produce new cells.", "neg": "At the earth’s surface, the air pressure exerted on you is a result of the weight of air above you.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}228{"query": "The ice crystals that form on the ground are called frost.", "pos": "Frost (also called white or hoarfrost) occurs when air temperatures dip below 32F and ice crystals form on the plant leaves, injuring and sometimes killing tender plants.", "neg": "Human beings have about 60,000 genes, and every cell in the body except the egg and the sperm cells contain two copies of each.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}229{"query": "Line graphs are especially useful for showing changes over time.", "pos": "In the line graph, the points and lines are drawn on a grid in order to show change over a time period.", "neg": "Trichomoniasis is caused by a single-celled organism, a protozoan, that is much larger than a bacteria.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}230{"query": "Humans possess a(n) endoskeleton.", "pos": "Hence, while our hard framework is said to be an endoskeleton, or internal skeleton;", "neg": "Evaporation, which of course is powered by the sun, turns the liquid water of the oceans (and to smaller degree fresh water) into a gaseous state, which we call water vapor.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}231{"query": "The element sulfur is released into the atmosphere by the burning of fossil fuels.", "pos": "Fossil fuel burning now accounts for about two-thirds of sulfur emissions to the atmosphere globally and this proportion is projected to increase as energy demands increase, particularly in Asia.", "neg": "Transmembrane region The region of a transmembrane protein that actually spans the membrane.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}232{"query": "The stem is the basic structure that holds plants upright, allowing plants to get the sunlight and air they need.", "pos": "Stems   In vascular plants, stems are the organs that hold plants upright so they can get the sunlight and air  they need.", "neg": "A negative enthalpy change is observed in an exothermic reaction.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}233{"query": "Photosynthesis converts carbon dioxide and water into glucose.", "pos": "During the process of photosynthesis, carbon dioxide plus water in the presence of sunlight, enzymes and chlorophyll produce glucose and oxygen as waste product.", "neg": "The neutron--although electrically neutral--has a magnetic moment opposite that of the anti-neutron.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}234{"query": "Meter much distance can beta particles travel through air.", "pos": "Beta particles are less penetrating, they can travel through several meters of air, but not walls, and can cause serious injury to organisms that are near to the source.", "neg": "One of the main features all vetebrates have in common is a backbone.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}235{"query": "Leukocytes blood cells are white.", "pos": "Leukocytes (white blood cells;", "neg": "Gravity is important because it causes the planets to orbit the sun and produces convection cycles inside the Earth and in its atmosphere and oceans.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}236{"query": "Nitrogen gas comprises about three-fourths of earth's atmosphere.", "pos": "Nitrogen is an odorless, colorless, tasteless, nontoxic, and almost totally inert gas that makes up 78 percent of the earth's atmosphere.", "neg": "cytokinesis (SlGH-toh-kin-EE-sis) The division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells immediately after mitosis.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}237{"query": "Motor oil is a harmful substance that must not be drained into a storm sewer.", "pos": "Never pour used motor oil down a drain, into a storm sewer, onto a driveway or street, onto the ground, into a lake, stream, or wetland.", "neg": "One way that your eyes adapt to the dark is that your pupils (the black dots in the center of your eyes) dilate (get bigger) to let in more light.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}238{"query": "The fertilized egg that sexually reproducing organisms begin life as is known as a(n) zygote.", "pos": "During sexual reproduction, a sperm fertilizes an egg cell or ovum to form a zygote .", "neg": "Gases have lower density than other states of matter, such as solids and liquids .", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}239{"query": "A cell wall is not present in animal cells.", "pos": "Animal cells lack the rigid cell walls that characterize plant  cells.", "neg": "It is generally agreed that human activities have resulted in a significant increase in the production of these gases, producing an enhanced greenhouse effect which has become an issue of international concern.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}240{"query": "Crossing-over is the term for the exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes.", "pos": "crossing over A process in which homologous chromosomes exchange material through the breakage and reunion of two chromatids.", "neg": "Saturn is a gas giant, and is made up mostly of hydrogen and helium in gas and liquid form.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}241{"query": "Climate is the long-term average of weather in a particular spot.", "pos": "climate long-term pattern of weather that characterizes a region.", "neg": "animals, which have no cell walls;", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}242{"query": "Most of the digestion reactions occur in the small intestine.", "pos": "The stomach pushes small amounts of food into small intestine where most of the digestion continues.", "neg": "Energy it can not be destroyed.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}243{"query": "Energy it can not be destroyed.", "pos": "The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but simply is converted from one kind to another.", "neg": "Most of the digestion reactions occur in the small intestine.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}244{"query": "Carnivore is the name for a heterotroph that eats only or mainly animal foods.", "pos": "Unlike    herbivores that eat mainly plants, carnivores eat mainly other animals.", "neg": "Clouds form(s) when water vapor condenses in the air around specs of matter.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}245{"query": "A normal human liver cell has 23 pairs of chromosomes.", "pos": "HUMAN CELLS In humans there are 23 pairs of chromosomes and these are further divided into 22 pairs of autosomes, which are numbered 1 through 22.", "neg": "Atmospheric pressure is the pressure caused by air when it exerts pressure on the surface of earth.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}246{"query": "A torr is a unit used to measure pressure.", "pos": "The torr, a unit of pressure used in vacuum measurements, is named after him.", "neg": "In organisms (plants and some algae) that have alternation of generations, the multicellular haploid form that produces haploid gametes by mitosis.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}247{"query": "Sexual reproduction, in general, relies on sets of cells that are precursors for eggs and sperm.", "pos": "In sexual reproduction the cells used for reproduction, called gametes, are either eggs or sperms.", "neg": "A gas does not have a definite shape of volume.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}248{"query": "All life is built around the element carbon.", "pos": "carbon  A nonmetallic element that serves as a building block for all living things.", "neg": "Diffusion is the process when particles move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}249{"query": "Solid waste is eliminated from the body through the anus.", "pos": "The solid waste is passed out of the body as a bowel movement (BM) through the anus.", "neg": "Vascular plants have a dominant sporophyte generation.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}250{"query": "You call an animal that feeds on other animals a(n) carnivore.", "pos": "Carnivores, also called meat eaters, are animals that eat other animals.", "neg": "An open-end manometer containing water as the working fluid is used to measure the pressure of gas in a bulb.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}251{"query": "You call egg-shaped galaxies, which are reddish to yellowish in color because they contain mostly old stars, elliptical galaxies.", "pos": "Elliptical galaxies are round or egg-shaped, often with a bright, starlike center.", "neg": "A(n) base is an ionic compound that produces negative hydroxide ions when dissolved in water", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}252{"query": "Oxygen and nitrogen make up most of the earth's atmosphere.", "pos": "Nearly 99 percent of the  earth's atmosphere is nitrogen and oxygen.", "neg": "cytokinesis (SlGH-toh-kin-EE-sis) The division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells immediately after mitosis.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}253{"query": "Solid takes neither the shape nor the volume of its container.", "pos": "SOLID State of matter with a definite volume and definite shape.", "neg": "Species interactions in communities are important factors in  natural selection.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}254{"query": "When a sperm penetrates the egg, it triggers the egg to complete meiosis.", "pos": "Fertilization triggers Meiosis II, and then the sperm nucleus unites with the resulting egg nucleus.", "neg": "Gases have lower density than other states of matter, such as solids and liquids .", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}255{"query": "A squirrel storing nuts is preparing for a seasonal change in the environment.", "pos": "Animals such as squirrels collect nuts during autumn, storing them away for winter.", "neg": "As an oxide of hydrogen, water is formed when hydrogen or hydrogen-containing compounds burn or react with oxygen or oxygen-containing compounds.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}256{"query": "You can expect stormy if a center of low pressure is moving your way.", "pos": "LOW PRESSURE AREA An area of minimum barometric pressure usually bringing stormy weather.", "neg": "A multicellular animal has many cells(Millions, trillions of cells) these cells are grouped to form tissues which perform a similar function (ie all the cells in a tissue perform similar function) The tissues are organized to form organs (Liver, Pancreas, Muscles etc).", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}257{"query": "Many enzymes are simple proteins consisting entirely of one or more amino acid chains.", "pos": "All enzymes are proteins, and consist of long chains of amino acids.", "neg": "This creates a greenhouse effect 300,000 times stronger than earth, making Venus the hottest planet in the solar system with an average surface temperature of about 475°", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}258{"query": "When an atom gains or loses an electron it becames a(n) ion.", "pos": "Ions are atoms or molecules that have lost or gained electrons.", "neg": "These trees, called mangroves, have wide-spreading stilt roots that support the trees in the tidal mud and trap nutritious organic matter.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}259{"query": "Bile salts produced by the liver assist in breaking apart dietary fats.", "pos": "Cholesterol is converted into bile acids in the liver and is transported via the bile to the upper intestine where the bile salts emulsify the dietary fat making it absorbable.", "neg": "Sympatric speciation is when a new species arises without geographic separation.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}260{"query": "The outer core is made of liquid metal.", "pos": "Geophysical observations suggest that the Earth's magnetic field is generated within the liquid of the Earth's metallic outer core.", "neg": "PHOTOTAXIS Phototaxis is the movement of an organism toward or away from light.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}261{"query": "Humans possess a(n) endoskeleton.", "pos": "Human skeletons are internal ones called endoskeletons .", "neg": "Evaporation, which of course is powered by the sun, turns the liquid water of the oceans (and to smaller degree fresh water) into a gaseous state, which we call water vapor.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}262{"query": "Stilt like roots helps mangrove trees rise high above the water.", "pos": "He will find that in the lower part of Florida the protected shores of these islands and of the mainland are usually bordered by a dense growth of mangroves standing high on stilted roots and often reaching well out into the water.", "neg": "An atom, the smallest unit of matter, is composed of a nucleus and electrons which orbit that nucleus.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}263{"query": "A bee will sometimes do a dance to tell other bees in the hive where to find food.", "pos": "Honey bees direct other bees to food sources with the round dance and the waggle dance.", "neg": "Chemistry and physics are fields in physical.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}264{"query": "You call the carbohydrate formed when two monosaccharides bond together disaccharide.", "pos": "Disaccharides are formed when two monosaccharides, or two single simple sugars, form a bond with removal of water.", "neg": "NATURAL ENERGY RESOURCES Energy is all around us and manifests itself in many different forms -- heat, light, sound, magnetism, gravity, movement, and all life functions.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}265{"query": "Rising and sinking air influences precipitation in a region.", "pos": "Clouds and precipitation are caused by rising air, while clear weather is caused by sinking air (5-8).", "neg": "Every cell (except the red blood cells) contain the entire human genome that is, all the genetic information necessary to build a human being.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}266{"query": "Nitrogen gas comprises about three-fourths of earth's atmosphere.", "pos": "The major reservoir of nitrogen is the atmosphere, which is 80% nitrogen gas (N2).", "neg": "cytokinesis (SlGH-toh-kin-EE-sis) The division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells immediately after mitosis.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}267{"query": "Plants that grow where you don't want them are called weeds.", "pos": "Lise LeBlanc Weed Project Coordinator NSDAM Kevin McCully Weed Specialist NBDA Introduction A weed is any plant growing in an area where it is not wanted.", "neg": "Plasma completes the list: solid, liquid, gas.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}268{"query": "Seed dormancy ensures that seeds germinate only when conditions for seedling survival are optimal.", "pos": "Seed dormancy is defined as a seed failing to germinate under environmental conditions optimal for germination, normally when the environment is at a suitable temperature with proper soil moisture.", "neg": "Electromagnetic waves (X-rays, light, radio, radar and TV waves) are examples of transverse waves formed by electric and magnetic fields vibrating together at right angles to the wave's motion.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}269{"query": "Humans have 23 pairs pairs of chromosomes.", "pos": "Human cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes.", "neg": "When the ground absorbs the water and it settles below the surface it is called groundwater.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}270{"query": "Ocean acidification occurs when excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere causes the oceans to become acidic.", "pos": "Moreover, Antarctic seas are uniquely subject to the impacts of ocean acidification, the result of oceans absorbing anthropogenic atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2).", "neg": "Solids Solids have fixed shapes that are independent of their containers.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}271{"query": "A ribosome consists of two elements, rrna and proteins.", "pos": "Ribosomes consist of proteins and another type of RNA, ribosomal RNA (rRNA).", "neg": "Heat from the sun causes the most evaporation of water from a lake.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}272{"query": "The different types of nuclei are referred to as nuclides.", "pos": "A nuclide is a type of nucleus.", "neg": "Some of the water returns to the atmosphere through transpiration , a process by which water is taken up by trees and plants through their roots, and is released back into the air through their leaves.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}273{"query": "Lying with their mouths open, a behavior called gaping, probably serves the function of cooling down for crocodiles.", "pos": "One of the crocodiles had slithered into the water and the other had his mouth wide open, cooling himself.", "neg": "Nucleus The nucleus of an atom is comprised of protons and neutrons.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}274{"query": "The three layers of protective coverings of the spinal cord is called the meninges.", "pos": "Meninges The three membranes covering the brain and spinal cord.", "neg": "Evaporation, which of course is powered by the sun, turns the liquid water of the oceans (and to smaller degree fresh water) into a gaseous state, which we call water vapor.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}275{"query": "Blood is made up of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma.", "pos": "Blood consists of a liquid (plasma) and several kinds of blood cells, including red cells, white cells, and platelets.", "neg": "The article tends to lean toward the idea that the enhanced greenhouse effect is not a naturally occurring phenomenon, rather it is rooted in human actions.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}276{"query": "Menopause occurs in in middle adulthood.", "pos": "Identify major physical changes that occur in middle adulthood including menopause and male changes in middle adulthood.", "neg": "Particles such as protons and neutrons are actually made up of smaller fundamental components called quarks which cannot exist on their own.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}277{"query": "Type 2 diabetes is also known as noninsulin-dependent or adult-onset diabetes.", "pos": "Type 2 diabetes, formerly called noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or adult-onset diabetes, is a disease that occurs when the body may make enough insulin but cannot use it effectively.", "neg": "It is this very abundance of water that makes life possible, and therefore makes Earth different from all other planets.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}278{"query": "A(n) underwater earthquake creates a tsunami.", "pos": "A tsunami is a wave generated by a submarine (underwater) earthquake or volcanic event.", "neg": "Primary metabolism includes all of the anabolic and catabolic processes that are finely balanced to keep the organism alive.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}279{"query": "The height of the wave is used to determine the magnitude of an earthquake.", "pos": "It is usually determined by measuring the amplitude (height) or by modeling the character of the earthquake waves recorded by a seismograph.", "neg": "Splendid Metabolic Diversity Photoautotrophs synthesize their own organic compounds using sunlight as the energy source and carbon dioxide as the carbon source.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}280{"query": "Lithium has three electrons.", "pos": "A lithium atom has a still heavier nucleus and three electrons.", "neg": "transpiration --process by which water that is absorbed by plants, usually through the roots, is evaporated into the atmosphere from the plant surface, such as leaf pores.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}281{"query": "The sum of all chemical reactions that take place within an organism is known as metabolism.", "pos": "metabolism refers to all of the chemical reaction that occur within an organism.", "neg": "These tiny water droplets form clouds.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}282{"query": "Pathogens is the term for disease-causing agents, such as bacteria and viruses.", "pos": "Pathogens Pathogens are disease-causing organisms, such as certain bacteria, viruses, and parasites.", "neg": "A solid is in a state of matter that maintains a fixed volume and shape.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}283{"query": "Fractional crystallization is the separation of compounds on the basis of their solubilities in a given solvent.", "pos": "Fractional Crystallization Fractional crystallization is a method of separating a mixture of soluble solids by dissolving them in a suitable hot solvent and then lowering the temperature slowly.", "neg": "Oxygen A gas that exists naturally in the atmosphere and is produced by plants during photosynthesis that humans and other animals breathe.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}284{"query": "You call a pure substance that cannot be broken down into different types of substances a(n) element.", "pos": "Element An element is a substance that cannot be split chemically into simpler substances.", "neg": "Digestion begins in the mouth, continues in the stomach, but really cranks up in the small intestine with different aspects of digestion occurring along the way.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}285{"query": "Weight is the term for the measure of the force of gravity pulling down on an object.", "pos": "Weight is the measurment of the force of gravity on a mass.", "neg": "Prokaryotic cells' organelles because not membrane-bound.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}286{"query": "The double helix dna shape forms when the two nucleotide chains wrap around the same axis.", "pos": "DNA is described as a double helix formed of two complementary and antiparallel strands of deoxyribose nucleotides.", "neg": "Without water the human body will survive only a few days.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}287{"query": "To solubilize the fats so that they can be absorbed, the gall bladder secretes a fluid called bile into the small intestine.", "pos": "During digestion, the gall bladder releases bile into the small intestine where it helps in dissolving fats.", "neg": "Carbon Dioxide is a naturally occurring chemical compound composed of two oxygen atoms covalently bonded to a single carbon atom.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}288{"query": "The acidity of a solution is typically assessed experimentally by measurement of its ph.", "pos": "Acidity is measured by the pH scale.", "neg": "Atherosclerosis A condition where plaque builds up within the walls of arteries and in time may completely prevent blood flow.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}289{"query": "Saturn is made mostly of helium and hydrogen.", "pos": "Saturn's atmosphere is composed mainly of hydrogen and helium, the same gases out of which the Sun and most stars are made.", "neg": "An electrical signal along a nerve cell triggers the secretion of neurotransmitter molecules.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}290{"query": "Light is scattered from molecules in our atmosphere.", "pos": "As light travels through the Earth's atmosphere, it's deflected, or scattered, by molecules of air (mainly oxygen and nitrogen).", "neg": "Carnivore is the name for a heterotroph that eats only or mainly animal foods.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}291{"query": "Violet and red are two types of visible light.", "pos": "Visible white light is made up of a spectrum of colors from the rainbow, ranging from red to violet.", "neg": "A(n) genome is considered to be a person's entire genetic information.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}292{"query": "The decay rate is measured in a unit called the half-life.", "pos": "The decay rate of each radioactive isotope is stated in terms of its half-life , which is the time in years that it takes for one-half of the original parent to decay into the daughter .", "neg": "When different types of tissues work together to perform a unique function, they form organ.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}293{"query": "Volcanic gases helpe to form the atmosphere on earth.", "pos": "This atmosphere was formed by the constant outpouring of gases from the Earth's interior through volcanic eruptions, known as outgassing.", "neg": "Leukocytes blood cells are white.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}294{"query": "Liquid has a definite volume, but not a definite shape.", "pos": "Liquids have a definite volume, but not a definite shape.", "neg": "Sunlight is the main source of energy for all of the organisms in most food chains.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}295{"query": "The stem is the basic structure that holds plants upright, allowing plants to get the sunlight and air they need.", "pos": "In vascular plants, stems are the organs that hold plants upright so they can get the sunlight and air they need.", "neg": "A negative enthalpy change is observed in an exothermic reaction.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}296{"query": "The sporophyte stage is the dominant stage of the lifecycle of a fern.", "pos": "In both ferns and seed plants, the sporophyte is the visibly dominant generation.", "neg": "Gases have lower density than other states of matter, such as solids and liquids .", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}297{"query": "Deeper layers of rock must be older than layers closer to the surface, this is the law of superposition.", "pos": "As scientists recognized that layers of rock had been deposited in sequence, one on top of another, they derived the law superposition, which says that in any sequence of strata, not later disturbed, the order in which they were deposited is from bottom to top.", "neg": "The microscopic sperm has a head containing genetic material, a "body" that provides energy, and a whiplash tail for movement.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}298{"query": "A(n) beneficial relationship exists when a certain type of tree’s roots need a fungus present in order to grow normally.", "pos": "This is a mutually beneficial relationship where the hyphae of the fungus grow around the roots of trees, forming a sheath of tissue.", "neg": "The 4 states of matter are solid, liquid, gas, and plasma.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}299{"query": "This heat is used to convert water into steam, which is then used to turn a turbine, thus generating electrical power.", "pos": "Again, the heat is used to produce steam to turn turbines that drive electrical generators.", "neg": "Prokaryotes are single-celled or colonial organisms that do not have membranebound nuclei.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}300{"query": "Electrons in the outer energy level of an atom are called valence electrons.", "pos": "Electrons in the last energy shell of an atom are called valence electrons and can interact with other atoms and form bonds.", "neg": "The water will evaporate and increase the humidity locally.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}301{"query": "The metallic bond is responsible for the properties of metals.", "pos": "The metallic bond accounts for the physical and chemical properties of metals.", "neg": "During the process of photosynthesis, carbon dioxide plus water in the presence of sunlight, enzymes and chlorophyll produce glucose and oxygen as waste product.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}302{"query": "One gram of carbohydrates provides four calories of energy.", "pos": "As the table indicates,, a gram of carbohydrate or of protein provides you with four calories, while a gram of fat provides you with nine calories.", "neg": "The photic zone extends 200 meters deep.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}303{"query": "Glucose is a carbohydrate that is produced by photosynthesis.", "pos": "Photosynthesis -- process in which cells capture energy contained in sunlight and convert it to chemical energy in the form of the carbohydrate called glucose .", "neg": "The outer core is made of liquid metal (iron and nickel) and the inner core is solid metal (iron and nickel).", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}304{"query": "The brain is the most complex organ in the human body.", "pos": "top Appendix The Ischemic Cascade The brain is the most complex organ in the human body.", "neg": "You call the formation of a water vapor pocket cavitation.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}305{"query": "Plasma completes the list: solid, liquid, gas.", "pos": "In general, it is thought that plasma is the fourth state of matter in order of solid, liquid, gas and finally plasma.", "neg": "weed a plant growing where it is not desired.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}306{"query": "Co2 gas is released into the atmosphere when fossil fuels are burned.", "pos": "The greenhouse effect is the direct result of the large amounts of carbon dioxide ( CO2) which are constantly being released into our atmosphere through the burning of fossil fuels.", "neg": "plasma membrane The membrane that encloses a cell.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}307{"query": "The orbital is the area where an electron is most likely to be found.", "pos": "The orbital of an electron is the most probable location where the electrons might be found.", "neg": "Some of the water returns to the atmosphere through transpiration , a process by which water is taken up by trees and plants through their roots, and is released back into the air through their leaves.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}308{"query": "A glacier leaves behind bare rock when it retreats.", "pos": "Bare rocks are produced when glaciers recede or volcanoes erupt.", "neg": "Since vitamins and minerals are actively involved in the countless biochemical reactions taking place in the body cells, they are included in this formula.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}309{"query": "As a result of cellular respiration, energy for cell processes is released.", "pos": "Once inside the cell, the oxygen is used in cellular respiration to release the energy from glucose.", "neg": "The name for a matter that has a fixed volume and a fixed shape is solid.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}310{"query": "Vector is a measure that has both size and direction.", "pos": "Vectors have both a  magnitude (or size) and a direction.", "neg": "They use fermentation or other methods of respiration  that don't require oxygen.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}311{"query": "Sunlight is the main source of energy for all of the organisms in most food chains.", "pos": "Sunlight is the ultimate source of most of the energy we use.", "neg": "Liquid has a definite volume, but not a definite shape.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}312{"query": "A(n) concussion is the most common type of brain injury.", "pos": "Concussion is the most common form  of head injury for athletes.", "neg": "The reason why a gas does not have a definite volume and a definite shape is because the atoms and molecules spread out when the amount of space between them increases.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}313{"query": "Unicellular eukaryotes are protists normally.", "pos": "Of eukaryotic groups, the protists are most commonly unicellular and microscopic.", "neg": "Weight, The Force of Gravity.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}314{"query": "2 hydrogen, 1 oxygen atoms combine to make up a molecule of water.", "pos": "Each water molecule contains 3 atoms, 2 of hydrogen and 1 of oxygen.", "neg": "The term latency is used to describe viruses that live in a dormant state inside the body.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}315{"query": "Energy it can not be destroyed.", "pos": "a) Know and understand that energy can be transferred   usefully from one form to another, or stored, or dissipated, but energy cannot be created or destroyed.", "neg": "Most of the digestion reactions occur in the small intestine.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}316{"query": "Proteins travel to the golgi apparatus to be modified for the specific job they will do.", "pos": "Golgi Apparatus Structure The Golgi apparatus receives ER proteins and modifies them prior to shipping.", "neg": "Tide Cyclical rise and fall of the surface of the oceans .", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}317{"query": "Plants that grow where you don't want them are called weeds.", "pos": "In the broadest sense, a weed is any plant growing where it is not wanted.", "neg": "Plasma completes the list: solid, liquid, gas.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}318{"query": "The skin is made of two layers: epidermis and dermis.", "pos": "Skin is comprised of two layers, the epidermis and dermis.", "neg": "CATALYSIS The defining property of all catalysts is that they increase the speed of a chemical reaction without being used up or appearing as one of the products of the reaction.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}319{"query": "You call sound that has a wave frequency higher than the human ear can detect ultrasound.", "pos": "Ultrasound is ultra high frequency sound, well above detection by the human ear--in the range of 1 million to 10 million hertz.", "neg": "The main function of the circulatory system is to transport materials.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}320{"query": "Circadian rhythms is the term for daily cycles of behavior, like the sleep-wake cycle.", "pos": "Circadian rhythms, like the sleep-wake cycles discussed later, are generated by an internal clock that is synchronized to light-dark cycles in the environment and other daily cues.", "neg": "Anions are larger in size than their parent atoms because they have one or more additional electrons, but without an additional proton in the nucleus to help moderate the size.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}321{"query": "Kinetic engergy is the energy of anything in motion.", "pos": "Kinetic energy is the energy of an object in motion.", "neg": "The bones of the newborn skull are not fully ossified and are separated by large areas called fontanelles.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}322{"query": "Venus has a warmer average surface temperature than earth.", "pos": "This creates a greenhouse effect 300,000 times stronger than earth, making Venus the hottest planet in the solar system with an average surface temperature of about 475°", "neg": "Chromosome The structures found in the nucleus of the cell, called the chromosomes, contain genetic (inherited) information.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}323{"query": "There are four chambers in the heart.", "pos": "Mammals, like birds, possess a four-chambered heart .", "neg": "Small particles in the air become surfaces on which water vapor can condense and forms cloud droplets which are known as cloud condensation nuclei.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}324{"query": "One gram of proteins provides four calories of energy.", "pos": "Like protein, carbohydrates provide four calories per gram.", "neg": "CLIMATE Average weather over a long period, usually 30 years.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}325{"query": "Ionic bonds between two atoms require one metal and one nonmetal.", "pos": "Ionic bonding is common between pairs of atoms, where one of the pair is a metal of low electronegativity (such as sodium) and the second a nonmetal of high electronegativity (such as chlorine).", "neg": "It consists of the gastrointestinal tract (gut), an extensive tube extending from the mouth to the anus, through which the swallowing, digestion, and assimilation of food and the elimination of waste products are accomplished.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}326{"query": "The right atrium receives oxygen-poor blood from the body, then pumps the blood into the right ventricle.", "pos": "The right atrium receives blood return from the body ( systemic ) under low pressure, pumps the blood into the right ventricle under low pressure which then pumps blood under slightly higher pressure to the lungs.", "neg": "Elements are pure substances that are made up of a single kind of atom (atoms with the same number of protons) and cannot be separated into different substances by ordinary chemical methods.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}327{"query": "The light-sensing cells in the retina are called rods and cones.", "pos": "The light sensitive structures in the retina are called rods and cones from their microscopic appearance.", "neg": "Other planets have water, but they either have it as a gas (Venus) or ice (Mars).", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}328{"query": "A microscope would best help a person observe the parts of a plant cell.", "pos": "Use microscopes to identify basic parts of plant and animal cells (cytoplasm, nucleus, cell membrane, cell wall).", "neg": "Uneven heating of the atmosphere form weather patterns.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}329{"query": "Gravity is responsible for the orbits of the planets around the sun.", "pos": "Gravity is the force that keeps planets in orbit around the sun and governs the rest of the motion in the solar system.", "neg": "Leukocyte white blood cell.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}330{"query": "The third trimester is associated with rapid fetal growth.", "pos": "The third trimester is a time of rapid growth.", "neg": "Atoms are neutral so that means that the positive protons and the negative electrons must be equal for the atom to be neutral.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}331{"query": "The light-sensing cells in the retina are called rods and cones.", "pos": "Photoreceptor cells of the retina, the rods and cones, are responsible for the capture of light and the initiation of an electrical signal to the brain in the process of vision.", "neg": "Other planets have water, but they either have it as a gas (Venus) or ice (Mars).", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}332{"query": "In a carbon triple bond, three pairs of electrons are shared.", "pos": "When three pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms in a molecule, they form a triple bond between the atoms.", "neg": "Tsunamis are waves formed when huge masses of water are displaced by undersea volcanic eruptions or earthquakes.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}333{"query": "A neutron has neutral or no charge.", "pos": "Protons have a positive charge and are in the nucleus of the atom along with neutrons which have a neutral charge.", "neg": "transpiration --process by which water that is absorbed by plants, usually through the roots, is evaporated into the atmosphere from the plant surface, such as leaf pores.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}334{"query": "Diffusion is the process in which a substance naturally moves from an area of higher to lower concentration.", "pos": "Diffusion is the process when particles move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.", "neg": "All carbon atoms have six protons.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}335{"query": "Interstellar medium consists of thinly spread gas and dust.", "pos": "Interstellar medium- the gas and dust between the stars.", "neg": "The higher the pH, the more basic of alkaline the solution.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}336{"query": "The term macroevolution refers to larger evolutionary changes that result in new species.", "pos": "It reportedly deleted references to macroevolution -- the process of change from one species into another -- but let stand references to microevolution -- changes within a species.", "neg": "Usually atoms have equal numbers of protons and electrons, which means that they are electrically neutral, and therefore normally no electric forces are present.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}337{"query": "Metabolism includes both anabolic and catabolic reactions.", "pos": "Primary metabolism includes all of the anabolic and catabolic processes that are finely balanced to keep the organism alive.", "neg": "Ultrasound Sound waves that are inaudible to the human ear.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}338{"query": "A neutron has neutral or no charge.", "pos": "Neutrons are particles with no, or neutral, charge.", "neg": "transpiration --process by which water that is absorbed by plants, usually through the roots, is evaporated into the atmosphere from the plant surface, such as leaf pores.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}339{"query": "Reptiles are described by the term ectothermic, which means their internal temperature depends on the temperature of their environment.", "pos": "Like fish and amphibians, reptiles are ectothermic animals, which is to say that they produce very little metabolic heat and their body temperature depends essentially on that of the environment.", "neg": "A single subunit of DNA is called a nucleotide and consists of a nitrogen-containing base, a sugar, and a phosphate group.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}340{"query": "Digestion begins in the mouth.", "pos": "As       soon as the bread enters a person's mouth, digestion begins to       occur.", "neg": "Although relatively rare on earth, plasmas make up more than 99 percent of the visible matter in the universe.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}341{"query": "Cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm into two distinctive cells.", "pos": "The final phase is the separation of the two daughter cells (this is called cytokinesis) as the cytoplasm separates to form the two new cells.", "neg": "Nitrogen, oxygen and argon are the three most common elements in the air we breathe.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}342{"query": "Chemistry is defined as the study of matter.", "pos": "Chemistry" is defined as "the science of the composition, structure, properties, and reactions of matter, especially of atomic and molecular systems;", "neg": "Creeping aboveground stems, called runners or stolons, trail along on top of the ground.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}343{"query": "Pheromones are released into the environment for communication between animals of the same species.", "pos": "Pheromones are chemical substances that are released by insects or other organisms into the environment to communicate with others of the same species.", "neg": "While we can go for extended periods without most nutrients, the limit without water is only a few days.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}344{"query": "In a biological reaction, proteins act as catalysts.", "pos": "Enzymes are naturally occurring proteins that act as biological catalysts.", "neg": "latitude Imaginary lines drawn around the world and used to measure distance north and south of the Equator .", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}345{"query": "Thermoregulation is the process when animals maintain an internal temperature.", "pos": "Animals use different modes of thermoregulation processes to maintain homeostatic internal body temperatures.", "neg": "When the crests of one wave coincide with the crests of another wave, interference is constructive and a large wave results.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}346{"query": "Leukocytes blood cells are white.", "pos": "this damage is mediated by leukocytes (a type of white blood cell).", "neg": "Gravity is important because it causes the planets to orbit the sun and produces convection cycles inside the Earth and in its atmosphere and oceans.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}347{"query": "Detritivores is the term for decomposers that consume dead leaves, animal feces, and other organic debris collected on the ground or at the bottom of water.", "pos": "The activities of soil organisms interact in a complex food web with some subsisting on living plants and animals (herbivores and predators), others on dead plant debris (detritivores), on fungi or on bacteria and others living off but not consuming their hosts (parasites).", "neg": "As the volume is constant, the increase in the temperature of the gas causes a rise in its pressure.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}348{"query": "Nitrogen oxide form(s) when nitrogen and oxygen combine at high temperatures.", "pos": "Under conditions of high temperature and pressure in the combustion chamber, nitrogen can combine with oxygen to form harmful oxides of nitrogen (NOx).", "neg": "The small intestine is where the majority of digestion takes place.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}349{"query": "Earth makes a complete revolution around the sun about once every year.", "pos": "Every year Earth completes one revolution around the sun.", "neg": "Muscle type of cell function relies on microfilaments, which are the actin components of the cytoskeleton.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}350{"query": "Reticular formation is the name of the formation that regulates sleep and arousal.", "pos": "Reticular formation A network of nerve fibers located in the center of the medulla that helps regulate attention, arousal, and sleep.", "neg": "Air is made of atoms.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}351{"query": "Rising and sinking air influences precipitation in a region.", "pos": "Precipitation, which is associated with rising air, will therefore not occur unless a low-pressure center passes through the region, a rare phenomenon in the summer.", "neg": "Every cell (except the red blood cells) contain the entire human genome that is, all the genetic information necessary to build a human being.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}352{"query": "A torr is a unit used to measure pressure.", "pos": "Chemists often use as a unit of pressure the torr , which equals 1 mm of change in the height of the mercury column of a barometer or manometer.", "neg": "In organisms (plants and some algae) that have alternation of generations, the multicellular haploid form that produces haploid gametes by mitosis.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}353{"query": "The ph scale is used to succinctly communicate the acidity or basicity of a solution.", "pos": "On the pH scale, which varies from 0-14, a very acidic solution has a low pH value, a very basic solution has a high pH value, and a neutral solution has a pH of approximately 7.", "neg": "Centripetal forces cause objects to turn around continuously in a circle.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}354{"query": "A cell’s chromosomes contain genes.", "pos": "Each cell of the body contains the 46 chromosomes, each chromosome is packed with millions of genes that will determine a child's every characteristic.", "neg": "Evaporation, which of course is powered by the sun, turns the liquid water of the oceans (and to smaller degree fresh water) into a gaseous state, which we call water vapor.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}355{"query": "A turbine using tides in the ocean can create electricity energy.", "pos": "As the turbines move due to the tides, they create electricity.", "neg": "Three major types of plant tissues are dermal,  ground, and vascular tissues.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}356{"query": "The pituitary gland is in the brain.", "pos": "The pituitary gland is a tiny gland located at the base of the brain in the center of the head.", "neg": "EVAPORATION--Process of liquid water becoming water vapor, including vaporization from water surfaces, land surfaces, and snow fields, but not from leaf surfaces.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}357{"query": "Nonvascular plants reproduce with spores.", "pos": "Vascular Plants (plants that have stems and roots) develop mostly from seeds (a lot of nonvascular plants like mosses and ferns develop from spores which work a little differently).", "neg": "Think about it Your weight is a measure of the force of gravity (g-force) pulling your body towards the planet.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}358{"query": "Evidence allows theories to be widely accepted.", "pos": "Scientific theories are comprehensive frameworks which are will supported by evidence are are widely accepted by the scientific community.", "neg": "Capillary -- Smallest blood vessels in the body.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}359{"query": "Cells are small biological structures that make up all living things, including the human body.", "pos": "Cells are the small parts that make up all living things, and their effects on each other and their environment.", "neg": "An increase in temperature results in a decrease in gas solubility in water, while a decrease in temperature results in an increase in gas solubility.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}360{"query": "When an atom gains or loses an electron it becames a(n) ion.", "pos": "10) Ions are atoms that have gained or lost electrons.", "neg": "These trees, called mangroves, have wide-spreading stilt roots that support the trees in the tidal mud and trap nutritious organic matter.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}361{"query": "Of the three basic types of radioactive emissions, the gamma particle is the most penetrating.", "pos": "Gamma particles are the most penetrating of the decay products, being capable of penetrating a few centimeters of lead if they have enough energy.", "neg": "Prokaryotes are cells without a cell nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles, and eukaryotes are cells with a cell nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}362{"query": "Momentum can be calculated by multiplying an object’s mass in kilograms (kg) by its velocity in meters per second (m/s).", "pos": "Momentum is then defined as the mass of a body multiplied by its velocity.", "neg": "Epithelia allow and regulate the passage of materials (diffusion, absorption, filtration, secretion, excretion) into and out of the deeper tissues of the body which they cover or line.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}363{"query": "Volume is a measure of the amount of space that a substance or an object occupies.", "pos": "Volume The amount of space occupied in three dimensions and expressed in cubic units.", "neg": "Evidence indicates that the closest living relatives of the plants are a group of green algae called charophytes.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}364{"query": "Mrna is the message sent from the nucleus to the ribosome.", "pos": "To manufacture proteins, mRNA carries codes from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm.", "neg": "Gases have lower density than other states of matter, such as solids and liquids .", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}365{"query": "The light reactions take place in the thylakoid.", "pos": "The light reactions occur in several steps, all of which take place in the thylakoid membrane, as shown in Figure above .", "neg": "Vector is a measure that has both size and direction.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}366{"query": "Heat, light, and sound are all different forms of energy.", "pos": "Forms of energy include heat, light, sound, electricity, and chemical energy.", "neg": "The cytoskeleton is the skeleton of the cell.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}367{"query": "After the blood in the pulmonary capillaries becomes saturated with oxygen, it leaves the lungs and travels to the heart.", "pos": "The pulmonary arteries carry oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs, and the pulmonary veins transport oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the heart.", "neg": "A lithium-7 atom contains three protons, four neutrons, and three electrons, and it is a boson, which means that its total atomic spin is an integer, usually zero.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}368{"query": "Snakes use their tongue to smell things.", "pos": "Snakes smell with their tongues and an organ in the roof of their mouth.", "neg": "Capacitors are the devices placed in electric circuits where charge can build up, which store energy when charged and release it when they discharge.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}369{"query": "Rain is an example of liquid water.", "pos": "Rain is defined as precipitation of drops of liquid water.", "neg": "Protons and neutrons are located in the central nucleus.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}370{"query": "Cardiac muscle makes up most of the heart.", "pos": "CARDIAC MUSCLE Cardiac muscle (see also myocardium ) comprises most of the walls of the heart, making the powerful contractions that pump blood throughout the body.", "neg": "Pheromones are chemical substances that are released by insects or other organisms into the environment to communicate with others of the same species.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}371{"query": "Dendrites from the cell body recieve impulses from other neurons.", "pos": "Neurons receive information from dendrites, which is then passed to the soma (cell body).", "neg": "The abundance of water makes the earth habitable for humans.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}372{"query": "Concave lenses can correct myopia.", "pos": "Myopia can be corrected by using a concave lens to diverge, or spread out, the light so that when it passes through the lens system, it comes to focus on the retina.", "neg": "Biochemical reactions take place inside the organisms' cells.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}373{"query": "Opposite charges attract one another.", "pos": "We also learn that opposite chrages attract each other, while similar charges repel one another.", "neg": "Primary metabolism includes all of the anabolic and catabolic processes that are finely balanced to keep the organism alive.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}374{"query": "The mantle layer of earth is located just below the crust.", "pos": "Each plate consists of a section of the earth's crust and a portion of the mantle, the thick layer of hot rock below the crust.", "neg": "Proteins are formed by joining the amino acids into a long stretched chain, the protein sequence, a translation of the genes into a 20-letter alphabet of amino acids.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}375{"query": "The surface of earth is covered by a relatively thin layer of water called the hydrosphere.", "pos": "Hydrosphere: The water on or around the surface of a planet.", "neg": "In a biological reaction, proteins act as catalysts.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}376{"query": "Formic acid is found in the secretions of stinging ants.", "pos": "The wood alcohol, a severe metabolic poison, breaks down first into formaldehyde and then formic acid, ant sting poison.", "neg": "Gravity is important because it causes the planets to orbit the sun and produces convection cycles inside the Earth and in its atmosphere and oceans.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}377{"query": "The presence of a nucleus is the main difference between prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells .", "pos": "There are two types of cells, eukaryotes, which contain a nucleus, and prokaryotes, which do not.", "neg": "In this never-ending process, the sun heats land and water surfaces causing water molecules to evaporate into the atmosphere.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}378{"query": "As a result of cellular respiration, energy for cell processes is released.", "pos": "During cellular respiration, energy is released when molecules of carbohydrates are broken down inside the cell.", "neg": "The name for a matter that has a fixed volume and a fixed shape is solid.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}379{"query": "Air pressure it decreases as altitude increases.", "pos": "Remembering that pressure decreases as altitude increases, a relationship between pressure and altitude is established.", "neg": "Roundworms exemplify organ-level organization, where two or more types of tissues work together to perform a particular function as an organ.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}380{"query": "There are three chambers in a reptiles heart.", "pos": "Most reptiles have a three-chambered heart.", "neg": "Because each electron has a negative charge, the gain of electrons creates a negative ion and the loss of electrons creates a positive ion .", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}381{"query": "Cellulose is one of the most common biochemical compounds on earth and is found in all plants.", "pos": "The microfibrils in higher plants are made of cellulose, the most abundant macromolecule on Earth.", "neg": "Crustaceans may pass through a number of larval and immature stages between hatching from their eggs and reaching their adult form.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}382{"query": "Bile acids, needed to emulsify lipids, are stored in the body in the gallbladder.", "pos": "Bile, which is made in the liver and stored in the gallbladder, helps the body digest fats.", "neg": "LOW PRESSURE AREA An area of minimum barometric pressure usually bringing stormy weather.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}383{"query": "Other than gametes, normal human cells have a total of 46 chromosomes per cell.", "pos": "Humans have 46 chromosomes in their somatic cells and 23 chromosomes in their sex cells.", "neg": "A(n) esker is a winding ridge of sand deposited by a stream of meltwater called.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}384{"query": "Biodiversity is the term for the measurement of the amount of variation of species in a given area.", "pos": "Biodiversity is expressed as the number of species per unit area.", "neg": "Fixed joints do not allow any movement of the bones.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}385{"query": "Remember electrons are negatively charged, so ions with a positive charge have lost a(n) electron.", "pos": "Because each electron has a negative charge, the gain of electrons creates a negative ion and the loss of electrons creates a positive ion .", "neg": "Vascular tissue enables plants to grow upright (some to very great heights), while maintaining moisture levels in all parts of the plant.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}386{"query": "The color of the powder of a mineral is called streak.", "pos": "This may be the way streak is commonly taught to beginners, but the streak is the color of the powdered mineral (especially when viewed on a white surface) and can easily be obtained by crushing the mineral if it is too hard to obtain by rubbing on the unglazed porcelain.", "neg": "Planting trees can go a long way toward reducing global warming because trees convert carbon dioxide (and water) into sugar and oxygen during photosynthesis.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}387{"query": "Most organelles are not found in prokaryotic cells.", "pos": "Prokaryotes are organisms that lack a cell nucleus and the other membrane bound organelles.", "neg": "This process of water recycling, known as the water cycle, repeats itself continuously.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}388{"query": "Many enzymes are simple proteins consisting entirely of one or more amino acid chains.", "pos": "Enzymes are very large proteins with many amino acids.", "neg": "This creates a greenhouse effect 300,000 times stronger than earth, making Venus the hottest planet in the solar system with an average surface temperature of about 475°", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}389{"query": "Dry skin and scales are part of an animal that would most likely be classified as a reptile.", "pos": "Reptiles include turtles, snakes, and lizards and are characterized by bodies with dry skin (not slimy), and usually with scales or scutes.", "neg": "Through a process called electromagnetic induction, generators change the kinetic energy of a spinning turbine to electrical energy.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}390{"query": "The mass of atoms is based on the number of protons and neutrons in nucleus.", "pos": "mass number Total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom or ion.", "neg": "As the water evaporates, it will provide humidity to the plant.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}391{"query": "When blood vessels in the head dilate, a migraine, a severe headache, can occur.", "pos": "When a migraine hits, it's the result of those cells causing the blood vessels nearby to dilate and inflame, resulting in the headache.", "neg": "Unlike energy, matter doesn’t need to be constantly added to ecosystems because it is recycled through ecosystems.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}392{"query": "From earth, the sun appears brighter than any other star because the sun is the closest star", "pos": "Our sun appears to be the brightest star to us because it is the closest to Earth.", "neg": "Lipids are broken down by lipases.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}393{"query": "Oxygen is made by trees and other plants during photosynthesis.", "pos": "Plant photosynthesis breaks the carbon dioxide in two, keeping the carbon to form the carbohydrates that make up the plant, and putting the oxygen into the air.", "neg": "The magnet is wrapped with a coil of  wire that forms an electromagnet, wound so that its polarity is the opposite of that of the permanent magnet.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}394{"query": "Frogs are amphibians that live part of the time in fresh water and live rest of the time on land.", "pos": "Amphibians include frogs and salamanders and they spend their lives living both on land and in the water.", "neg": "The outer layer of the Sun, called the corona , emits a stream of plasma called the solar wind that buffets the entire solar system.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}395{"query": "The three layers of protective coverings of the spinal cord is called the meninges.", "pos": "The spinal cord is protected by three layers of tissue, called spinal meninges, that surround the canal.", "neg": "Evaporation, which of course is powered by the sun, turns the liquid water of the oceans (and to smaller degree fresh water) into a gaseous state, which we call water vapor.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}396{"query": "When an atom gains or loses an electron it becames a(n) ion.", "pos": "An ion is an atom that is either positively or negatively charged as a result of losing or gaining electrons.", "neg": "These trees, called mangroves, have wide-spreading stilt roots that support the trees in the tidal mud and trap nutritious organic matter.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}397{"query": "Fermentation is the process of making atp without oxygen.", "pos": "Fermentation enables some cells to produce ATP without the help of oxygen Food can be oxidized under anaerobic conditions.", "neg": "Vectors have both a  magnitude (or size) and a direction.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}398{"query": "Carbon atoms have six neutrons as well as six protons.", "pos": "Carbon has six protons and an atomic number of 6.", "neg": "Atherosclerosis A condition where plaque builds up within the walls of arteries and in time may completely prevent blood flow.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}399{"query": "Formic acid is found in the secretions of stinging ants.", "pos": "These chemicals can cause metabolic acidosis (formic acid is the same poison found in the stinging chemical of fire ants ).", "neg": "Gravity is important because it causes the planets to orbit the sun and produces convection cycles inside the Earth and in its atmosphere and oceans.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}400{"query": "Over 90% of the energy we use comes originally from the sun.", "pos": "Just about all the energy we use comes from the sun and is collected somehow and then we use it.", "neg": "Capillary -- Smallest blood vessels in the body.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}401{"query": "Like skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle is striated.", "pos": "And striated muscle, comprising "the skeletal, voluntary, and cardiac muscle," can be "distinguished from smooth muscle by transverse striations of the fibers.", "neg": "Evaporation is the changing of liquid water to invisible water vapor.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}402{"query": "Decomposers are important in the food chain because they break down dead organisms and recycle nutrients into the soil.", "pos": "The Decomposers form the fourth component of the pond habitat food chain, which help to recycle the nutrients in the ecosystem.", "neg": "A liquid has a definite volume but not shape of its own.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}403{"query": "A lysozyme destroys bacteria by digesting their cell walls.", "pos": "Lacrimal glands located in the superior lateral recesses of each eye secrete the enzyme lysozyme that destroys bacterial cell walls.", "neg": "Semi-diurnal tides have two high and two low waters per tidal day ( Figure 6r-4 ).", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}404{"query": "Mercury is not a solid even at room temperature.", "pos": "Mercury is the only common metal that is liquid at room temperature.", "neg": "Starting with carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O), photosynthesis converts the energy of sunlight into chemical energy in the form of simple sugars (e.g., glucose ), with the release of molecular oxygen .", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}405{"query": "Prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer in adult males.", "pos": "The most common cancer for men is prostate cancer.", "neg": "CONCEPT According to the Law of Conservation of Energy, we cannot create or destroy energy, but we can change its form.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}406{"query": "Oxygen is the name of the second most electronegative element.", "pos": "Oxygen is second only to fluorine in the electronegativity scale.", "neg": "The floral meristem under goes a series of developmental changes that eventually give rise to the four basic structures of the flower --- sepals, petals, stamens and carpels.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}407{"query": "Protons and neutrons are made of quarks, which are fundamental particles of matter.", "pos": "Protons and neutrons are made from smaller particles called quarks .", "neg": "transpiration --process by which water that is absorbed by plants, usually through the roots, is evaporated into the atmosphere from the plant surface, such as leaf pores.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}408{"query": "Human facial expressions can communicate emotions.", "pos": "Both primates signal emotions and intentions through facial   expressions and hand gestures, many of which are also   present in the nonverbal communication of humans.", "neg": "Unlike energy, matter is not lost as it passes through an ecosystem.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}409{"query": "The product of a wave's wavelength and its frequency is its speed.", "pos": "The speed of a wave is equal to the product of its wavelength times its frequency, or its wavelength divided by its period.", "neg": "Heterotrophs          cannot make their own food so they are dependent on the autotrophs for          survival.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}410{"query": "The pupil of the eye allows light to enter.", "pos": "The pupil, as you probably know, is simply a "hole" in the middle of the iris that allows light to enter the eye.", "neg": "Decomposers release inorganic molecules once they have broken down the dead organisms.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}411{"query": "Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin.", "pos": "Bronze Alloy An alloy of copper and tin , usually 80% to 95% copper.", "neg": "As a result of cellular respiration, energy for cell processes is released.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}412{"query": "Incubation is when birds keep their eggs warm while the embryos inside develop.", "pos": "Incubation is the process of keeping the egg warm so the baby is protected while it's developing.", "neg": "Some examples of matter are people, air, soil, water, and planets.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}413{"query": "Earth rotates on its axis once times in one day.", "pos": "Use a model of Earth to demonstrate that Earth rotates on its axis once every 24 hours to produce the night and day cycle.", "neg": "However, plastids and mitochondria also contain DNA that encodes some of the gene products required for organelle function and reproduction.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}414{"query": "After fertilization, a zygote forms into two cells.", "pos": "Cell division occurs after a male and female sex cell have united (fertilization) and the resulting zygote divides into two cells.", "neg": "Nitrogen, oxygen and argon are the three most common elements in the air we breathe.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}415{"query": "Energy that is stored in a person or object is called potential energy.", "pos": "Potential and kinetic energy Potential energy is often called stored energy.", "neg": "However, the majority of species live  in the ocean.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}416{"query": "You call the separation of ions that occurs when a solid ionic compound dissolves dissociation.", "pos": "Dissociation - the separation of ions from a compound during solution.", "neg": "Plants not only contribute food but oxygen for organisms.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}417{"query": "Angiosperms is the term for flowering seed plants.", "pos": "Angiosperms are flowering plants with seeds born in a vessel, and with generally broad leaves.", "neg": "The blood, consisting of plasma, red and white blood cells and platelets, carries food to the cells and carries away waste.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}418{"query": "Both hurricanes and tornadoes always have high winds.", "pos": "Hurricanes have high winds, too, but the radius of rotation is greater, so their relative vorticity is less than for tornadoes.", "neg": "The bile salt component of bile (the liver produces about 0.6 grams per day of this) aids in digestion by emulsifying dietary fats.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}419{"query": "Sexual reproduction involves combining genetic material from two parents to create distinct offspring.", "pos": "Sexual reproduction involves the mixing of genes from two different parents to give offspring with a genetic make-up similar to, but different from, each parent.", "neg": "Passive transport requires no energy and occurs when substances move from areas of higher to lower concentration.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}420{"query": "Three oxygen ions make up an ozone molecule.", "pos": "A molecule of ozone is formed by the chemical combination of three oxygen atoms.", "neg": "The reverse process of moving material into a cell is the process of exocytosis.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}421{"query": "A(n) organ is a structure that is composed of one or more types of tissues.", "pos": "Multiple tissue types compose organs and body structures.", "neg": "As water vapor rises, it becomes cooler, losing energy and forming clouds.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}422{"query": "Volume is a measure of the amount of space that a substance or an object occupies.", "pos": "Volume is defined as the amount of space that a substance or object occupies, or that is enclosed within a container.", "neg": "Evidence indicates that the closest living relatives of the plants are a group of green algae called charophytes.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}423{"query": "Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin.", "pos": "Bronze is an alloy made out of, yes, tin, and copper.", "neg": "As a result of cellular respiration, energy for cell processes is released.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}424{"query": "Temperature and sky conditions are both used to describe weather.", "pos": "Classes set up weather observation stations and take daily temperature readings, note sky conditions, and cloud formations.", "neg": "A heterotroph is an organism that can not produce its own food.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}425{"query": "The coenzyme atp or adenozine triphosphate is used in the transfer of energy in muscles.", "pos": "ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is stored in the mitochondria of muscle cells and produces energy when converted into ADP.", "neg": "The lunar surface is also covered with craters from impacts of meteorites, mostly very small (around 1mm) but occasionally much larger.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}426{"query": "You call the carbohydrate formed when two monosaccharides bond together disaccharide.", "pos": "A disaccharide or biose is the carbohydrate formed when two monosaccharides undergo a condensation reaction which involves the elimination of a small molecule, such as water, from the functional groups only.", "neg": "NATURAL ENERGY RESOURCES Energy is all around us and manifests itself in many different forms -- heat, light, sound, magnetism, gravity, movement, and all life functions.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}427{"query": "You call cellular respiration that does not need oxygen to proceed anaerobic respiration.", "pos": "Anaerobic respiration is a form of respiration using electron acceptors other than oxygen.", "neg": "The sun is a star and is incredibly large compared to the other objects in our solar system.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}428{"query": "The eighth planet from our sun is neptune.", "pos": "At times, Pluto s orbit takes it closer to the sun than Neptune, the eighth-farthest planet from the sun.", "neg": "Leukocytes (white blood cells;", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}429{"query": "Lithium has three electrons.", "pos": "Lithium has three electrons.", "neg": "transpiration --process by which water that is absorbed by plants, usually through the roots, is evaporated into the atmosphere from the plant surface, such as leaf pores.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}430{"query": "Mars is the fourth planet from the sun.", "pos": "Mars Mars, the red planet, is the fourth planet from the sun and the most Earth-like planet in our solar system.", "neg": "Lysozyme An enzyme found in white blood cells and in body secretions that destroys bacteria by breaking down their walls (CMD 1997).", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}431{"query": "Autotrophs is another name for producers.", "pos": "An equivalent term for an autotroph is producer .", "neg": "A solid is in a state of matter that maintains a fixed volume and shape.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}432{"query": "Phototaxis is the term for movement toward light.", "pos": "Phototaxis The ability of bacteria to detect changes in light intensity and respond by moving away from or toward the light.", "neg": "Elements cannot be broken down into any other substance.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}433{"query": "Strong gravitational fields are capable of altering the rate of time passing.", "pos": "Among its predictions are that time runs more slowly in strong gravitational fields and the existence of gravitational lenses and gravitational waves .", "neg": "Use microscopes to identify basic parts of plant and animal cells (cytoplasm, nucleus, cell membrane, cell wall).", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}434{"query": "A(n) electroscope is used to study charge.", "pos": "An electroscope is a device that will detect very             small charges of static electricity.", "neg": "Some of the water returns to the atmosphere through transpiration , a process by which water is taken up by trees and plants through their roots, and is released back into the air through their leaves.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}435{"query": "The cell wall acts as an extra layer of protection, helps the cell maintain its shape, and prevents dehydration.", "pos": "There are other plants with proteins to protect them against dehydration and shriveling by filling the space between a plant's cell membrane and its tough cell wall.", "neg": "At the global level, the burning of fossil fuels and the release of CO2 into the atmosphere, free at the point of use, is a major cause of global warming.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}436{"query": "The term half-life decribes the amount of time required for half of the original material to decay in an isotope.", "pos": "The rate of decay is conveniently expressed in terms of an isotope's half-life, or the time it takes for one-half of a particular radioactive isotope in a sample to decay.", "neg": "The microfibrils in higher plants are made of cellulose, the most abundant macromolecule on Earth.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}437{"query": "Density describes how much matter is in a certain amount of space.", "pos": "The density of an object is the amount of matter packed into the space that object fills.", "neg": "Autotrophs obtain energy and nutrients by harnessing sunlight through photosynthesis (photoautotrophs) or, more rarely, obtain chemical energy through oxidation (chemoautotrophs) to make organic substances from inorganic ones.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}438{"query": "Carbon dioxide molecules consist of a central carbon atom bonded to two oxygen atoms.", "pos": "CARBON DIOXIDE Carbon dioxide, CO 2 , is a molecule that has one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms;", "neg": "Thunderstorms can cause The Narrows to flash flood during the summer.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}439{"query": "In atherosclerosis, thickening of an arterial wall due to plaque formation can restrict blood flow through the artery.", "pos": "In most cases, these diseases are caused by the accumulation of plaque on the walls of arteries and veins (atherosclerosis), which eventually leads to the formation of blood clots that block the flow of blood to the heart or the brain.", "neg": "Almost all other organisms obtain their energy, directly or indirectly, from the sun.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}440{"query": "The term half-life decribes the amount of time required for half of the original material to decay in an isotope.", "pos": "The half-life is the amount of time it takes for one half of the initial amount of the parent, radioactive isotope, to decay to the daughter isotope.", "neg": "The microfibrils in higher plants are made of cellulose, the most abundant macromolecule on Earth.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}441{"query": "The main functions of epithelia are protection from the environment, coverage, secretion and excretion, absorption, and filtration.", "pos": "Epithelia allow and regulate the passage of materials (diffusion, absorption, filtration, secretion, excretion) into and out of the deeper tissues of the body which they cover or line.", "neg": "Neutrons have mass, but no electric charge.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}442{"query": "A microscope would best help a person observe the parts of a plant cell.", "pos": "We are also using other microscope technologies such as confocal microscopy, microinjection and computer-based image analysis to observe how plant cells respond to stimuli.", "neg": "Uneven heating of the atmosphere form weather patterns.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}443{"query": "If a unit is named after a person it needs to be capitalized.", "pos": "The unit itself is capitalized if it is named after a person ( A Ampere, V Voltaire, etc.) but lowercase otherwise (m meter, s second).", "neg": "In photosynthesis, carbon dioxide, gas and water are mixed to make sugar and oxygen.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}444{"query": "The option to remove kidney stones other than surgery is ultrasound treatments.", "pos": "Kidney Stones Can be very painful and with the aid of ultrasound and electrotherapy techniques, the removal of kidney stones is now a simple and minimally invasive procedure that can have you out of the hospital in less than a day.", "neg": "A front is the boundary between two masses of moving air with different temperatures and humidity.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}445{"query": "Fermentation does not use oxygen.", "pos": "Anaerobic fermentation breaks down glucose (sugar) just like aerobic respiration (which requires oxygen) but does not need oxygen.", "neg": "A vector is characterized by the fact that it has both a magnitude or size and a direction.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}446{"query": "Blood flow decrease when blood vessels constrict.", "pos": "When blood vessels constrict, the flow of blood is restricted or decreased, thus retaining body heat or increasing vascular resistance.", "neg": "Like all other eukaryotes, protists have a nucleus containing their DNA.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}447{"query": "In your body, the heart and lungs work together to make sure that oxygen gets to all the other organs of your body.", "pos": "Thus the lungs oxygenate the blood, while the heart pumps it to other organs.", "neg": "Solid takes neither the shape nor the volume of its container.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}448{"query": "The acidity of a solution is typically assessed experimentally by measurement of its ph.", "pos": "The pH of a solution is a measure of its degree of acidity or basicity.", "neg": "Atherosclerosis A condition where plaque builds up within the walls of arteries and in time may completely prevent blood flow.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}449{"query": "Animals can not produce their own food making them heterotrophs", "pos": "Zooplankton which are the more animal-like of the plankters, (heterotrophs) can not produce their own food from the sun and therefore eat the phytoplankton.", "neg": "Wavelength The distance between adjacent waves of radiant energy;", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}450{"query": "All of the petals together are called a corolla.", "pos": "Corolla Collective term for all the petals of a flower, these petals may be separate or fused together.", "neg": "Research has proven that our metabolism shifts, or cycles back and forth, from anabolic to catabolic, depending on which type of reactions may be dominant in the body at that time.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}451{"query": "The reverse process of moving material into a cell is the process of exocytosis.", "pos": "Exocytosis Endocytosis Process of exporting macromolecules from a cell by fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane.", "neg": "All matter in the universe is composed of one or more unique pure substances called elements.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}452{"query": "The pupil is the name of the black opening in the eye that lets light enter.", "pos": "Thus, light rays enter the eye, get partially bent, continue through the pupil (which is a black hole) and then enter the lens of the eye.", "neg": "Unlike energy, matter doesn’t need to be constantly added to ecosystems because it is recycled through ecosystems.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}453{"query": "Plants that grow where you don't want them are called weeds.", "pos": "31 A weed is a plant growing where it is not wanted, and it interferes with crops, roadsides, landscape plantings, livestock, irrigation ditches, etc.", "neg": "Plasma completes the list: solid, liquid, gas.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}454{"query": "Liquid has a definite volume, but not a definite shape.", "pos": "Liquids have definite volume, while solids have both definite shape and definite volume.", "neg": "Sunlight is the main source of energy for all of the organisms in most food chains.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}455{"query": "We consider ceres to be a dwarf planet.", "pos": "Bodies that met the first proposed definition but not the second, such as Ceres, were instead classified as dwarf planets.", "neg": "Metabolism is the sum total of all the chemical reactions occurring in an organism at any given time.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}456{"query": "The term elastic potential energy is used to describe potential energy due to an object’s shape.", "pos": "Elastic energy is a potential energy stored as a result of deformation of an elastic object, such as the stretching of a spring.", "neg": "About seven years ago, marine scientists discovered that there are between 10 and 50 million viruses in every milliliter of seawater, making marine viruses the most abundant organisms on earth.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}457{"query": "Bile salts produced by the liver assist in breaking apart dietary fats.", "pos": "The bile salt component of bile (the liver produces about 0.6 grams per day of this) aids in digestion by emulsifying dietary fats.", "neg": "Sympatric speciation is when a new species arises without geographic separation.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}458{"query": "A lysozyme destroys bacteria by digesting their cell walls.", "pos": "These cells will be harvested by centrifugation, and the cell pellet will be resuspended in a buffer containing lysozyme, an enzyme that digests bacterial cell walls causing the cells to lyse.", "neg": "Semi-diurnal tides have two high and two low waters per tidal day ( Figure 6r-4 ).", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}459{"query": "If a solute is a gas, increasing the temperature will decrease its solubility.", "pos": "Gas solubility in water decreases when the temperature goes up.", "neg": "These cells are the building blocks from which every successive cell in the human body develops.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}460{"query": "Coal is the source of most electricity.", "pos": "This is because most of our electricity is produced by burning fossil fuels (particularly coal), which is, in turn, the major source of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.", "neg": "There are other plants with proteins to protect them against dehydration and shriveling by filling the space between a plant's cell membrane and its tough cell wall.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}461{"query": "Parasitism isl a relationship where the bacteria benefit and and the other organism is harmed.", "pos": "Parasitism   Parasitism is a symbiotic relationship in which one species (the parasite) benefits while the other species  (the host) is harmed.", "neg": "Solids have a fixed shape and volume;", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}462{"query": "Animals can not produce their own food making them heterotrophs", "pos": "Animals are organisms that cannot synthesize their own food from the sun, therefore we call them heterotrophs, or consumers .", "neg": "Wavelength The distance between adjacent waves of radiant energy;", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}463{"query": "Neutron stars are the corpses of left over supernova explosions.", "pos": "A neutron star is a small, powerful body left behind when a massive star dies in a supernova explosion.", "neg": "Diffusion across this membrane is the net movement of molecules in a fluid from the regions of high concentation to regions of low concentration.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}464{"query": "Kinetic energy is the energy of motion.", "pos": "The energy of motion is kinetic energy.", "neg": "Most gastropods have a well-developed head that includes eyes at the end of one to two pairs of tentacles.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}465{"query": "We call the recycling of inorganic matter between living organisms and their environment biogeochemical cycle.", "pos": "Biogeochemical Cycle Natural processes that recycle nutrients in various chemical forms from the environment, to organisms, and then back to the environment.", "neg": "Superconductors are materials with a resistivity of zero.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}466{"query": "You call a substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions an element.", "pos": "element a substance that cannot be decomposed by chemical means into simpler substances.", "neg": "The secretions or hormones enter the circulatory system and are distributed around the body.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}467{"query": "Living things on the ocean floor are known as benthos.", "pos": "The organisms that live in and on the ocean floor are called benthos .", "neg": "The coenzyme atp or adenozine triphosphate is used in the transfer of energy in muscles.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}468{"query": "Human actions has increased the greenhouse effect.", "pos": "Likewise, human activities appear to have increased the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.", "neg": "neutron a particle inside the nucleus of an atom that is neutral and has no charge.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}469{"query": "Kinetic energy is the energy of motion.", "pos": "Kinetic energy is the energy associated with motion of an object.", "neg": "Most gastropods have a well-developed head that includes eyes at the end of one to two pairs of tentacles.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}470{"query": "Altricial organisms are helpless at birth and require lots of help from their parents.", "pos": "Altricial young are born helpless and require care for a specific amount of time.", "neg": "Dispersion is controlled by diffusion, which is the movement from areas of high to low concentrations, and by mixing, which is the movement of air in the space.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}471{"query": "The earth's magnetic poles have switched places repeatedly in the past.", "pos": "The rocks show that the north and south magnetic poles of Earth have traded places perhaps several hundred times during the past 160 million years.", "neg": "Chloroplast A chlorophyll-containing, cytoplasmic body of plant cells where photosynthesis occurs.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}472{"query": "Altricial organisms are helpless at birth and require lots of help from their parents.", "pos": "The nestlings are altricial, meaning that they are helpless and need to be cared for by the parents.", "neg": "Dispersion is controlled by diffusion, which is the movement from areas of high to low concentrations, and by mixing, which is the movement of air in the space.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}473{"query": "Clouds form(s) when water vapor condenses in the air around specs of matter.", "pos": "Clouds form when the invisible water vapor in the air condenses into visible water droplets or ice crystals.", "neg": "Carnivore is the name for a heterotroph that eats only or mainly animal foods.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}474{"query": "Moss is best classified as a nonvascular plant.", "pos": "The bryophytes are a diverse assemblage of three phyla of nonvascular plants, with about 16,000 species, that includes the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts.", "neg": "Also, at constant pressure, volume expands as temperature is increased.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}475{"query": "Co 2 is the molecular formula of carbon dioxide.", "pos": "Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) -", "neg": "Craters and rifts become lakes when they fill with water.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}476{"query": "Joints are the location where bones come together.", "pos": "Bones come together to form joints, most of which are in constant motion.", "neg": "Producers are autotrophs, and they capture and transform energy by photosynthesis and absorb dissolved carbon dioxide, and use energy from the sun, to convert the carbon into organic molecules, thus supplying food for themselves and all other organisms that live in the stream.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}477{"query": "The right atrium of the human heart pumps the blood to the right ventricle.", "pos": "The blood goes into the right atrium and then to the right ventricle, where it is then pumped to the lungs to dispose of wastes and receive a fresh oxygen supply.", "neg": "Microevolution involves small changes in gene frequencies within a population over a few or many generations, up to the formation of new species.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}478{"query": "The law of superposition is best described by: in undisturbed layers of sedimentary rock, the lowest layers contain the older rocks.", "pos": "The first and most simple technique is the law of superposition, which simply states that in a sequence of sedimentary rock, the rocks in the upper layers of sediment are younger than the rocks at the bottom.", "neg": "The term cardiac output, calculated by multiplying heart contractions by stroke volume, means the volume of blood pumped by the heart in one minute.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}479{"query": "Humans have 23 pairs pairs of chromosomes.", "pos": "The four species have a similar number of chromosomes, with the apes all having 24 pairs, and humans having 23 pairs.", "neg": "When the ground absorbs the water and it settles below the surface it is called groundwater.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}480{"query": "Weight is the term for the measure of the force of gravity pulling down on an object.", "pos": "The weight of an object is determined by the force of the pull of gravity on the object.  Technically speaking, since gravity is a force, weight is a force.", "neg": "Prokaryotic cells' organelles because not membrane-bound.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}481{"query": "The light-sensing cells in the retina are called rods and cones.", "pos": "Retina The retina uses nerve cells known as rods and cones (photoreceptors) to detect light and color.", "neg": "Other planets have water, but they either have it as a gas (Venus) or ice (Mars).", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}482{"query": "Mercury is closest to our sun.", "pos": "Mercury Radar Image Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun.", "neg": "Cytoskeleton is the skeleton of the cell that provides both shape and structure to a cell.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}483{"query": "Stringed instruments can help show the relationship between tension and frequencies in strings.", "pos": "A guitar string is tuned in frequency by adjusting the tension on the string with the tuning peg.", "neg": "A heterotroph is an organism that can not produce its own food.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}484{"query": "Oxygen and nitrogen make up most of the earth's atmosphere.", "pos": "The chief components of the Earth's atmosphere are nitrogen and oxygen.", "neg": "cytokinesis (SlGH-toh-kin-EE-sis) The division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells immediately after mitosis.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}485{"query": "You call catalysts that are found inside of living things enzymes.", "pos": "Nearly all reactions that occur in living cells require catalysts called enzymes- without them, life would be impossible.", "neg": "Water vapor exists in the atmosphere as an invisible gas", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}486{"query": "The decay rate is measured in a unit called the half-life.", "pos": "This rate of decay is measured by half-life (how long it takes for one-half of the parent radioactive material to decay to a daughter product).", "neg": "When different types of tissues work together to perform a unique function, they form organ.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}487{"query": "K2 is the second highest mountain in the world, at over 28,000 feet.", "pos": "Find out more about K2, the second-highest mountain in the world and scene of the mountain-climbing movie.", "neg": "There are six leptons, three of which have electrical charge and three of which do not.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}488{"query": "In mammals, air is warmed and humidified in the nasal cavity.", "pos": "Air enters the nares and is moistened and warmed as it travels through the nasal cavity (which connects with the infraorbital sinus and the cervicocephalic air sacs) and exits the nasal cavity through the choanal slit.", "neg": "The six known types of leptons are shown in the table below.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}489{"query": "Evaporation is responsible for changing liquid water into water vapor.", "pos": "Transpiration is the process of giving off vapor through the pore of the skin or the stomata of plant tissues, while evaporation is the process of changing liquid water to a vapor.", "neg": "Nucleus The very high density central part of an atom consisting of protons and neutrons .", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}490{"query": "Two low and high tides occur per day.", "pos": "Generally speaking, tidal cycles contain two high tides and two low tides each day.", "neg": "Any large molecule is referred to as a macromolecule.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}491{"query": "Liquid has a definite volume, but not a definite shape.", "pos": "liquids have a definite volume, but will take on the shape of their container.", "neg": "Sunlight is the main source of energy for all of the organisms in most food chains.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}492{"query": "The frequency of a wave is the reciprocal of the period of the wave.", "pos": "Period is the reciprocal of the frequency.", "neg": "Three major types of plant tissues are dermal,  ground, and vascular tissues.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}493{"query": "Altricial organisms are helpless at birth and require lots of help from their parents.", "pos": "Humans are born helpless and altricial, mature slowly, and depend on parental investment well into their young adult lives, and often even later.", "neg": "Dispersion is controlled by diffusion, which is the movement from areas of high to low concentrations, and by mixing, which is the movement of air in the space.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}494{"query": "There have been five major massive extinctions since life began on earth.", "pos": "Since the beginning of time, five or six mass extinctions periods have occurred that eliminated between 35 % and 96 % of all species on Earth.", "neg": "solid 1 A state that retains shape independent of the shape of the container it occupies.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}495{"query": "Liquid has a definite volume, but not a definite shape.", "pos": "Liquids have not definite shape but have definite volume.", "neg": "Sunlight is the main source of energy for all of the organisms in most food chains.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}496{"query": "The eighth planet from our sun is neptune.", "pos": "Neptune is the eighth planet from the sun.", "neg": "Leukocytes (white blood cells;", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}497{"query": "The amount of product that may be produced by a reaction under specified conditions is called theoretical yield.", "pos": "The amount of product expected to be formed from the chemical equation is called the theoretical yield.", "neg": "Simple animals consisting of a single cell layer, such as the (a) sponge, or only a few cell layers, such as the (b) jellyfish, do not have a circulatory system.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}498{"query": "Volume is a measure of the amount of space that a substance or an object occupies.", "pos": "Volume- The measure of the amount of space that an object occupies, or how much it will hold.", "neg": "Evidence indicates that the closest living relatives of the plants are a group of green algae called charophytes.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}499{"query": "Chemical elements and water are recycled through the biogeochemical cycle.", "pos": "Biogeochemical cycles (bio meaning 'life', geo for 'earth' and chemical for the changing of matter from one form to another) are natural processes that recycle elements in various chemical forms from the environment, to organisms, and then back to the environment.", "neg": "A concave lens is thicker at the edges than it is in the middle.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}500{"query": "There are four chambers in the heart.", "pos": "Heart is four-chambered and they are homeothermic animals.", "neg": "Small particles in the air become surfaces on which water vapor can condense and forms cloud droplets which are known as cloud condensation nuclei.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}501{"query": "A(n) underwater earthquake creates a tsunami.", "pos": "Underwater earthquakes pose a threat of generating tsunamis which could have a devastating effect on the Caribbean islands.", "neg": "Primary metabolism includes all of the anabolic and catabolic processes that are finely balanced to keep the organism alive.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}502{"query": "Nitrogen, oxygen and argon are the three most common elements in the air we breathe.", "pos": "The air breathed at ground level is 78.08% nitrogen, 20.94% oxygen, 0.93% argon, and varying amounts of water vapor and other gases.", "neg": "cytokinesis (SlGH-toh-kin-EE-sis) The division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells immediately after mitosis.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}503{"query": "There are one electrons in the hydrogen atom.", "pos": "Picture a hydrogen atom with one proton and one electron.", "neg": "In most cases, these diseases are caused by the accumulation of plaque on the walls of arteries and veins (atherosclerosis), which eventually leads to the formation of blood clots that block the flow of blood to the heart or the brain.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}504{"query": "Mercury is the one metal that melts below room temperature.", "pos": "Mercury has relatively weak bonds for a metal and melts at -39  degrees Celsius, so it is a liquid at room temperature.", "neg": "among other things, plants give off oxygen and take in carbon dioxide gas necessary for growth and development.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}505{"query": "All cells need glucose for energy.", "pos": "The cells of the animal body make use of this glucose to derive its energy needs.", "neg": "We distinguish here between mechanical waves where there is a tangible medium in which the wave travels, and other types of waves where the medium is not so evident.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}506{"query": "When temperature increases but amount of gas and its pressure are constantvolume increases happens to the volume of the gas .", "pos": "If a sample of gas is kept at constant pressure, volume increases as the temperature increases.", "neg": "Prokaryotes are organisms that lack a cell nucleus and the other membrane bound organelles.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}507{"query": "Metabolism produces waste energy in the form of heat, which helps warm-blooded (endotherm) animals conserve and maintain heat at a relatively constant body temperature.", "pos": "endotherms mainly use metabolic heat to warm their bodies d) Ectotherms are cold-blooded animals with body temperatures that cannot reach the high body temperatures of endotherms e) Ectotherms are all invertebrates;", "neg": "The cation comes first, both in the name and in the formula for an ionic compound.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}508{"query": "Like all tetrapods except birds and mammals, frogs possess a heart with three chambers.", "pos": "A frog can get along with a three-chambered heart;", "neg": "product a substance produced by a chemical reaction.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}509{"query": "The term passive transport describes a way that small molecules or ions move across the cell membrane without input of energy by the cell.", "pos": "Ion channels are forms of passive transport , that is, the cell does not use its own energy supplies to transport the molecule into or out of the cell.", "neg": "So massive and dense does the central core become that nuclear fusion bursts on the scene, and a young star begins to shine.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}510{"query": "Moss is best classified as a nonvascular plant.", "pos": "From tiny nonvascular  mosses to large flowering and fruiting trees, there are modern plants that represent each of the major  evolutionary changes that occurred in this important eukaryotic kingdom.", "neg": "Also, at constant pressure, volume expands as temperature is increased.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}511{"query": "Nonrenewable resources cannot be replaced as easily as it is consumed.", "pos": "A nonrenewable resource cannot be replaced once it is used up.", "neg": "and it improves the ability of blood vessels to dilate, which reduces the likelihood of migraine headache.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}512{"query": "Visible light is the term for the wavelengths of light humans can see.", "pos": "Visible light is light that can be perceived by the human eye.", "neg": "Organisms that rely on dead animals or plant material are called detritivores or decomposers.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}513{"query": "A(n) pathologist specializes in the laboratory detection of disease.", "pos": "Pathologists are physicians who specialize in the diagnosis of diseases through laboratory tests and examinations.", "neg": "Evaporation, which of course is powered by the sun, turns the liquid water of the oceans (and to smaller degree fresh water) into a gaseous state, which we call water vapor.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}514{"query": "The the synapse is the space between a neuron and the next cell.", "pos": "A neural synapse is the space between brain cells, or neurons, that allows chemical signals to be passed from one neuron to another.", "neg": "Two examples are ocean acidification caused by increased atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide, and the long-term melting of ice sheets, which contributes to sea level rise.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}515{"query": "When a chain of amino acids reaches a stop codon, released from the ribosome.", "pos": "occurs when the ribosome reaches the stop codon on the messenger RNA molecule and the polypeptide, the messenger RNA, and the transfer RNA molecule are released from the ribosome.", "neg": "This creates a greenhouse effect 300,000 times stronger than earth, making Venus the hottest planet in the solar system with an average surface temperature of about 475°", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}516{"query": "Humans belong to the species homo sapiens.", "pos": "The genus and species name of humans is Homo sapiens.", "neg": "The electron released during beta decay is not an orbital electron but an electron whose origin was in the nucleus.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}517{"query": "Formic acid is found in the secretions of stinging ants.", "pos": "formic acid, a venom in ant stings;", "neg": "Gravity is important because it causes the planets to orbit the sun and produces convection cycles inside the Earth and in its atmosphere and oceans.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}518{"query": "Trans fats have been implicated in the presence of heart disease.", "pos": "Claims that currently have limits on saturated fat are misleading if a product contains significant amounts of trans fat, because trans fat also increases the risk of heart disease.", "neg": "Atomic orbitals are the places surrounding the nucleus of an atom where the electrons are most likely to be at any given time.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}519{"query": "Photosynthesis converts carbon dioxide and water into glucose.", "pos": "In the process of photosynthesis, carbon dioxide and water becomes glucose and oxygen, in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll.", "neg": "The neutron--although electrically neutral--has a magnetic moment opposite that of the anti-neutron.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}520{"query": "Aufbau principle gives the order of electron filling in an atom.", "pos": "The rules af placing electrons within shells is known as the Aufbau principle.", "neg": "Some of the water returns to the atmosphere through transpiration , a process by which water is taken up by trees and plants through their roots, and is released back into the air through their leaves.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}521{"query": "Precipitation and runoff in the water cycle are primarily responsible for the creation of a lake.", "pos": "Inflows to the lake are precipitation, surface-water inflow, and direct runoff.", "neg": "Neutrons are electrically neutral.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}522{"query": "Cranium (skull) is the term for the skeletal structure of the head that supports the face and protects the brain.", "pos": "The cranium is a complex structure of bone or cartilage that supports the newly enlarged sensory organs and encases or partially encases the brain to provide protection for this sensitive organ.", "neg": "The change from liquid to gas is evaporation and the product is water vapor;", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}523{"query": "Co2 gas is released into the atmosphere when fossil fuels are burned.", "pos": "This has biological consequences because the burning of these fossil fuels releases the CO2 back into the atmosphere where too much of it can cause global warming.", "neg": "plasma membrane The membrane that encloses a cell.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}524{"query": "The combustion of propane gas produces carbon dioxide and water vapor.", "pos": "Perfect combustion of propane yields water, carbon dioxide & heat.", "neg": "HUMAN CELLS In humans there are 23 pairs of chromosomes and these are further divided into 22 pairs of autosomes, which are numbered 1 through 22.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}525{"query": "Joints are the location where bones come together.", "pos": "Joints are the areas where bones come together.", "neg": "Producers are autotrophs, and they capture and transform energy by photosynthesis and absorb dissolved carbon dioxide, and use energy from the sun, to convert the carbon into organic molecules, thus supplying food for themselves and all other organisms that live in the stream.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}526{"query": "After a massive eruption, a mountain collapsing above an empty chamber will create a caldera.", "pos": "Calderas form when a magma chamber empties out its magma, and the surface above the chamber collapses.", "neg": "Nucleotides are composed of a phosphate group, a sugar (ribose in RNA, and deoxyribose in DNA) and a base which marks the  specific difference among nucleotides.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}527{"query": "Pheromones enable communication, which is vital for organisms like ants that live in a large community.", "pos": "All ants rely on olfaction for their communication (pheromones), and many species mainly use odor cues for orientation.", "neg": "nuclear fusion A nuclear process that releases energy when lightweight nuclei combine to form heavy-weight nuclei.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}528{"query": "A normal human liver cell has 23 pairs of chromosomes.", "pos": "The normal human genetic endowment, or human genome, consists of two pairs of 23 chromosomes in each cell.", "neg": "Atmospheric pressure is the pressure caused by air when it exerts pressure on the surface of earth.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}529{"query": "Amino acids contain both a carboxylic acid group and a(n) amine group.", "pos": "Amino acid A functional group which consists of a carbon with a carboxylic acid, "-COOH" and an amine, "-NH 2 .", "neg": "Pressure is defined in physics as the amount of force pushing against a given area.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}530{"query": "Poison ivy typically has three groups of leaves.", "pos": "Poison Ivy is distinguished from other plants by its three leaflets per leaf and the alternate leaf arrangement.", "neg": "The only thing that holds the quarks together to make protons and neutrons is energy ( carried by gluons ) .", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}531{"query": "Most hormones are produced by the endocrine system.", "pos": "The endocrine system consists of glands which produce hormones that work together to guide development, growth, reproduction and behavior, and to maintain normal function of various organs.", "neg": "Cavitation is the rapid formation of vaporous microbubbles in the fluid due to a local drop of pressure below the vaporization pressure at a given temperature.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}532{"query": "Humans have 23 pairs pairs of chromosomes.", "pos": "In humans the sex chromosomes comprise one pair of the total of 23 pairs of chromosomes.", "neg": "When the ground absorbs the water and it settles below the surface it is called groundwater.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}533{"query": "The pressure of ocean water increases rapidly as the water gets deeper.", "pos": "Hydrostatic pressure increases as water gets deeper.", "neg": "glucose (C6H12O6)an important monosaccharide (simple carbohydrate) that acts as a primary energy supply for both plant and animal cells glycolysis The splitting of glucose into pyruvate.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}534{"query": "Any large molecule is referred to as a macromolecule.", "pos": "Macromolecules are large molecules made up from small sub-units.", "neg": "The seasons occur because Earth's axis is tilted with respect to its orbit of the Sun.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}535{"query": "You call sound that has a wave frequency higher than the human ear can detect ultrasound.", "pos": "Ultrasound Sound waves of high frequencies above the range of hearing.", "neg": "The main function of the circulatory system is to transport materials.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}536{"query": "You call a substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions an element.", "pos": "You can join different elements to make more complicated substances called compounds, but you cannot break an element into a simpler kind of substance.", "neg": "The secretions or hormones enter the circulatory system and are distributed around the body.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}537{"query": "The sound in a loud classroom is an example of a form of energy.", "pos": "Sound energy is a form of energy that is associated with the vibrations of matter.", "neg": "When a future mother is infested with roundworms or hookworms, most of the larvae migrate to the small intestine where they spend their adult stage.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}538{"query": "A pregnant woman should avoid toxic substances while pregnant.", "pos": "If you are pregnant, avoid exposure to toxic chemicals.", "neg": "Organisms, both prokaryotes (the archaea and the bacteria), and eukaryotes (such as protists and unicellular fungi), reproduce asexually through binary fission;", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}539{"query": "The first period of the paleozoic era was called cambrian.", "pos": "Cambrian The earliest period of the Paleozoic era, spanning the time between 544 and 505 million years ago.", "neg": "The cardiovascular system transports many substances to and from cells throughout the body.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}540{"query": "Latitude is used to measure, in degrees, the distance north or south of the equater.", "pos": "To determine the latitude of a particular location, geographers measure distance in degrees north or south from the Equator.", "neg": "Multiple fission is more often observed among protists.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}541{"query": "There are six types of leptons.", "pos": "At this time it appears that the two basic constituents of matter are the lepton and quark, of each of which there are believed to be six types.", "neg": "Transpiration The process by which water is absorbed by the root system of plants, moves through the plant, and then evaporates into the atmosphere as water vapor.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}542{"query": "Evaporation is responsible for changing liquid water into water vapor.", "pos": "EVAPORATION--Process of liquid water becoming water vapor, including vaporization from water surfaces, land surfaces, and snow fields, but not from leaf surfaces.", "neg": "Nucleus The very high density central part of an atom consisting of protons and neutrons .", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}543{"query": "The term gastrointestinal tract describes the long tube that connects the mouth to the anus.", "pos": "Gastrointestinal defects The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is basically one long tube extending from the mouth at one end to the anus at the other.", "neg": "Ions may also be formed when an atom or molecule loses one or more electrons as a result of energy gained in a collision with another particle or with a photon.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}544{"query": "A definite shape and a definite volume are properties of the solid, only state(s) of matter.", "pos": "SOLID State of matter with a definite volume and definite shape.", "neg": "In biology, electron donors release an electron during cellular respiration, resulting in the release of energy.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}545{"query": "Human actions has increased the greenhouse effect.", "pos": "The article tends to lean toward the idea that the enhanced greenhouse effect is not a naturally occurring phenomenon, rather it is rooted in human actions.", "neg": "neutron a particle inside the nucleus of an atom that is neutral and has no charge.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}546{"query": "Clouds are formed from water droplets.", "pos": "The white cloud is actually water droplets.", "neg": "Protein is needed for repair and maintenance of blood and body tissues, including liver tissue.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}547{"query": "There are six types of leptons.", "pos": "There are six types of leptons and quarks.", "neg": "Transpiration The process by which water is absorbed by the root system of plants, moves through the plant, and then evaporates into the atmosphere as water vapor.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}548{"query": "In physics, temperature is defined as the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object?", "pos": "Temperature is defined as a measure of the average kinetic energy (or speed) of the molecules in the air.", "neg": "fungus A parasitic plant that cannot make its own food and is dependent on other life forms.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}549{"query": "Growth stops when a population reaches the carrying capacity.", "pos": "As the wolf population in Wisconsin and Michigan achieves habitat saturation or as the cultural carrying capacity is approached, the rapid growth rates are expected to slow and likely will eventually stop.", "neg": "The type of bonding that occurs when a nonmetal accepts an electron from a metal is referred to as ionic bonding and the bond is called an ionic bond.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}550{"query": "We call the study of rock layers stratigraphy.", "pos": "Stratigraphy is based on the deposition of distinctive strata of rock layers over time.", "neg": "All cells need energy to carry out their functions, such as making proteins and transporting substances into and out of the cell.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}551{"query": "The first period of the paleozoic era was called cambrian.", "pos": "Cambrian is the name of a Period that marks the beginning of the Paleozoic Era, currently estimated at 570 million years ago (if you accept the estimates of geologists and geochemists).", "neg": "The cardiovascular system transports many substances to and from cells throughout the body.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}552{"query": "In atherosclerosis, thickening of an arterial wall due to plaque formation can restrict blood flow through the artery.", "pos": "Excessive production of platelets can cause arteriosclerosis, the formation of plaque inside your artery walls that restricts blood flow and increases your risk of developing a heart attack.", "neg": "Almost all other organisms obtain their energy, directly or indirectly, from the sun.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}553{"query": "Plasmodesmata connect to cytoplasms in the plant cell.", "pos": "Introduction Plant viruses move from cell to cell in plant tissues through plasmodesmata, which connect the cytoplasm of neighbouring cells (Carrington et al.", "neg": "In the oceans gravitational effects could be even more drastic than on the land, since water pressures increase far more rapidly with depth than air pressure.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}554{"query": "Ocean waves are mainly caused by wind.", "pos": "The wind above the ocean pushes on the water, causing the ripples, swells, and chop that we call waves.", "neg": "If the diploid number of chromosomes in an organism is 46, such as it is in humans, the organism has 46 chromosomes in any skin or muscle cell.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}555{"query": "A(n) organ is a structure that is composed of one or more types of tissues.", "pos": "An organ is a structure that  consists of two or more types of tissues that work together to do the same job.", "neg": "As water vapor rises, it becomes cooler, losing energy and forming clouds.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}556{"query": "Coloration often helps an animal attract a mate.", "pos": "Insects have adaptations (specialized body parts, colorations) to help them find food, escape danger, communicate or find a mate.", "neg": "Macromolecules are large molecules made up from small sub-units.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}557{"query": "When liquid water changes to water vapor it is called evaporation.", "pos": "evaporation ---process by which water is changed from a liquid into a vapor.", "neg": "Nucleus The very high density central part of an atom consisting of protons and neutrons .", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}558{"query": "The term volume is used to describe the amount of space occupied by a sample of matter.", "pos": "Volume is the three dimensional space occupied by matter.", "neg": "Plants depend on sunlight for energy, which is ultimately converted into essential nutrients for all the consumers in food chains and webs.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}559{"query": "The cytoplasm is divided during cytokinesis.", "pos": "In cytokinesis, the cytoplasm of the cell is split in two, making two new cells.", "neg": "Earth's atmosphere consists of mainly oxygen and nitrogen.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}560{"query": "Weight is the measure of the force of gravity pulling down on an object.", "pos": "Weight is the force of gravity on an object.", "neg": "Multiple fission is more often observed among protists.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}561{"query": "The body contains three types of muscle tissue.", "pos": "There are three different types of muscle tissue .", "neg": "Water vapor in the atmosphere condenses into clouds and is eventually followed by precipitation, which returns water to the earth's surface.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}562{"query": "Evolution occurs when organisms acquire and pass on new traits from one generation to the next generation.", "pos": "Evolution can act only on traits that are passed genetically from one generation to the next.", "neg": "Gases have the lowest density.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}563{"query": "You call a substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions an element.", "pos": "d) Elements cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.", "neg": "The secretions or hormones enter the circulatory system and are distributed around the body.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}564{"query": "When earth’s shadow falls on the moon, the shadow causes a lunar eclipse.", "pos": "LUNAR ECLIPSE A lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth's shadow falls on the moon .", "neg": "Diffusion occurs according to a concentration gradient, that is, a solute will move from areas of high concentration (hypertonic) to areas of low concentration (hypotonic) until the concentration is equal (isotonic).", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}565{"query": "Sensory neurons transmit nerve impulses from sense organs and internal organs to the brain via the spinal cord.", "pos": "Sensory neurons carry nerve impulses from tissues and organs to the spinal cord and brain.", "neg": "Other planets have water, but they either have it as a gas (Venus) or ice (Mars).", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}566{"query": "All solutions contain at least two substances.", "pos": "A solution is a uniform mixture of two substances.", "neg": "Uranus is so faint because it is far away.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}567{"query": "One gram of carbohydrates provides four calories of energy.", "pos": "All carbohydrates have four calories of energy per gram of weight.", "neg": "The photic zone extends 200 meters deep.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}568{"query": "In celsius, the boiling point of water is one hundred degrees.", "pos": "In the Celsius scale 0 is chosen as the freezing point of water and there are 100 degrees between the freezing and boiling points of water.", "neg": "n Vitamins and minerals are referred to as micronutrients because the body requires only small amounts.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}569{"query": "Clouds are formed from water droplets.", "pos": "As the water vapor cools, it condenses , forming tiny droplets in clouds.", "neg": "Protein is needed for repair and maintenance of blood and body tissues, including liver tissue.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}570{"query": "Lipids are broken down by lipases.", "pos": "Lipids are broken down by lipases .", "neg": "From earth, the sun appears brighter than any other star because the sun is the closest star", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}571{"query": "Craters and rifts become lakes when they fill with water.", "pos": "The crater actually filled up with water to become a crater lake for almost 2 million years.", "neg": "A(n) atom is the smallest and most fundamental unit of matter, consisting of a nucleus surrounded by electrons.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}572{"query": "Photoautotrophs and chemoautotrophs are two basic types of autotrophs.", "pos": "Autotroph can be phototroph s or lithotroph s (chemoautotrophs).", "neg": "A solid has a definite volume and shape.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}573{"query": "A well is a hole that is dug or drilled through the ground down to an aquifer called.", "pos": "When installing a well, a hole is drilled into the ground to tap into an aquifer for drinking water.", "neg": "Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, 46 in all.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}574{"query": "There are three types of galaxies.", "pos": "The three types of galaxies, S, N and Q-galaxies, may be proof of a cosmic decreasing gravity.", "neg": "The electrolyte is a mixture of positive and negative ions dissolved in a solvent such as water.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}575{"query": "Alkenes are formed from an alcohol that loses water.", "pos": "The Dehydration Reactions of Alcohols results in their converted into an alkene, and involves the elimination of a molecule of water.", "neg": "The protons and neutrons cluster together in the central part of the atom, called the nucleus , and the electrons 'orbit' the nucleus.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}576{"query": "In weather terms, the boundary between two air masses is called front.", "pos": "Fronts are the boundaries between air masses of different temperature.", "neg": "Biochemical reactions take place inside the organisms' cells.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}577{"query": "Ecological pyramids can demonstrate the decrease in energy, biomass or numbers within an ecosystem.", "pos": "Pyramid ecosystem modeling can also be used to show energy flow through the trophic levels; pyramids of energy are always upright since energy decreases at each trophic level.", "neg": "A normal human cell has 23 pairs of chromosomes in its nucleus, each a single, very long, molecule of DNA.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}578{"query": "Weight is the measure of the force of gravity pulling down on an object.", "pos": "People get energy to do work from FOOD A FORCE is a push or pull WEIGHT is the measure of how much gravity pulls an object Identify the three states of matter: solid, liquid, gas The ends of the magnet are the POLES (north & south) If 2 objects have unlike charges, they will ATTRACT.", "neg": "Multiple fission is more often observed among protists.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}579{"query": "Mercury is closest to our sun.", "pos": "Mercury is the closet planet to the sun.", "neg": "Cytoskeleton is the skeleton of the cell that provides both shape and structure to a cell.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}580{"query": "Angiosperms is the term for flowering seed plants.", "pos": "Angiosperms are also known as flowering plants because they produce flowers in which seeds are produced and in which they develop.", "neg": "The blood, consisting of plasma, red and white blood cells and platelets, carries food to the cells and carries away waste.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}581{"query": "The 'counting' instrument geiger counter is used to measure radioactivity.", "pos": "Geiger is the namesake of the Geiger counter, which is used for detecting radioactivity.", "neg": "The outer and inner cell membranes are composed of a phospholipid bilayer.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}582{"query": "There are fewer than 24 hours of daylight in alaska during each day in april because earth’s rotation causes both day and night.", "pos": "The rotation of the Earth causes day and night.", "neg": "The thymus gland makes T cells and is the master gland of a healthy immune system.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}583{"query": "Light is scattered from molecules in our atmosphere.", "pos": "Light usually travels in a straight line path, but it can be scattered by particles such as the nitrogen molecules in the Earth's atmosphere.", "neg": "Carnivore is the name for a heterotroph that eats only or mainly animal foods.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}584{"query": "The everyday beverage coffee is a commodity second only to oil in worldwide trade.", "pos": "Coffee is now one of the most valuable primary commodities in the world, often second in value only to to oil as a source of foreign exchange to developing Countries.", "neg": "Ions- An electrically charged particle, formed when an atom loses or gains one or more electrons to form a stable outer shell.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}585{"query": "Urine is the term for liquid waste formed by kidneys.", "pos": "The kidneys are essential to the proper functioning of this system, removing liquid waste from the blood in the form of urine, maintaining a stable balance of salts and other substances in the blood, and producing a hormone that aids in the formation of red blood cells.", "neg": "Each carbon atom has four valence electrons available to participate in the formation of chemical bonds.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}586{"query": "Ectothermic is the term for animals that  cannot raise their body temperature on their own.", "pos": "Most bony fishes are ectothermic, or cold-blooded, but this species, much like the related tunas, is endothermic and is able to raise its body temperature to achieve a degree of thermoregulation.", "neg": "Wavelength is the distance measured along the line of propagation, between the crests of two adjacent waves (Figure 1).", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}587{"query": "Bone marrow is found inside many bones and produces lymphocytes.", "pos": "Lymphocytes are also produced in the bone marrow.", "neg": "The change from liquid to gas is evaporation and the product is water vapor;", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}588{"query": "Electric motors transform electrical energy into kinetic energy.", "pos": "Electric motor An electric motor , is a machine which converts electrical energy into mechanical (rotational or kinetic) energy.", "neg": "fontanelle a soft spot, such as one of the membrane-covered spaces (fonticuli cranii (NA)) remaining in the incompletely ossified skull of a fetus or infant.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}589{"query": "Water is at the neutrality, 7 point on the ph scale.", "pos": "Water is normally neutral, with a pH of 7.", "neg": "The rocks show that the north and south magnetic poles of Earth have traded places perhaps several hundred times during the past 160 million years.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}590{"query": "You call a type of mixture that has the same composition throughout a solution.", "pos": "A solution is a mixture of two or more substances that  has the same composition throughout.", "neg": "Ectothermic vertebrates control body temperature to just a limited extent from the outside by changing behavior.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}591{"query": "The brain is the most complex organ in the human body.", "pos": "The human brain is the most complex living organism on Earth.", "neg": "You call the formation of a water vapor pocket cavitation.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}592{"query": "Darwin believed in gradualism.", "pos": "Something which appears to support Lamarkian evolution rather than Darwinian, or punctuated equilibrium rather than gradualism is not enough.", "neg": "Sound waves cannot travel in the vacuum of space because there is no medium to transmit these mechanical waves.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}593{"query": "Heterotrophs is another name for consumers.", "pos": "Consumers are heterotrophic organisms that eat food produced by another organism.", "neg": "Pressure is defined in physics as the amount of force pushing against a given area.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}594{"query": "The product of a wave's wavelength and its frequency is its speed.", "pos": "The speed of any sinusoidal wave is the product of its wavelength and frequency.", "neg": "Heterotrophs          cannot make their own food so they are dependent on the autotrophs for          survival.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}595{"query": "Secondary succession is the type of succession that happens after the destruction of a habitat.", "pos": "After a destructive event such as the feared tsunami, there would most likely be secondary succession, which is a type of ecological recovery where the area is not totally destroyed and the species that once lived there can eventually return.", "neg": "Almost the entire mass of the atom is concentrated in the nucleus, which contains the protons (positive charges) and neutrons (electrically neutral particles).", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}596{"query": "Hookworms infest the intestines.", "pos": "When a future mother is infested with roundworms or hookworms, most of the larvae migrate to the small intestine where they spend their adult stage.", "neg": "Because of the special characteristics stated above, plasma is considered to be a distinct state of matter separated from solid, liquid or gas.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}597{"query": "Opaque is the term for matter that does not let any light pass through.", "pos": "Most light passes through transparent minerals, translucent minerals partially let light pass through, and opaque minerals do not let any light through.", "neg": "Growing and reproducing occur in both plants and humans.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}598{"query": "When different types of tissues work together to perform a unique function, they form organ.", "pos": "Several types of tissue work together in the form of an organ to produce a particular function (such as the pumping of the blood by the heart, or as a barrier to the environment as the skin).", "neg": "Heat from the sun causes the most evaporation of water from a lake.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}599{"query": "The cell starting meiosis is called a primary oocyte.", "pos": "The primary oocyte, in turn, starts to  go through the first cell division of meiosis (meiosis I).", "neg": "Gases are often invisible and assume the shape and volume of their container.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}600{"query": "Humidity happens happens when liquid water evaporates.", "pos": "The water in the tray evaporates, raising the humidity around the plants.", "neg": "The mass number is defined as the sum of the protons and the neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.", "instruction": "In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise."}601