DJCheng/embedding_data

1{"query": "Saturn is made mostly of helium and hydrogen.", "pos": "The sun mostly made up of the element hydrogen.", "neg": "The setmoons, planets, and comets contains only objects that shine as a result of reflected light.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}2{"query": "Cellulose is created by the polymerization of glucose.", "pos": "Sucrose is formed when a monomer of glucose and a monomer of fructose are joined in a dehydration reaction to form a glycosidic bond.", "neg": "All cells need glucose for energy.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}3{"query": "Proteins is needed to create muscles, regulate chemical reactions, and transport oxygen.", "pos": "Proteins are complex organic molecules that make up cells.", "neg": "Protein is an important part of a healthy diet because it is needed to repair tissue.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}4{"query": "Of the four main wobble base pairs, guanine is paired with uracil.", "pos": "Individual nucleotides can be linked together through their phosphate groups to form nucleic acid polymers.", "neg": "Cells have four cycles.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}5{"query": "Genome mapping term is used to describe the process of finding the location of genes on each chromosome.", "pos": "Rna analysis type of analysis is performed to study gene expression patterns in cells.", "neg": "Multiple genes mutations is usually necessary to develop cancer.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}6{"query": "The term macroevolution refers to larger evolutionary changes that result in new species.", "pos": "When changes in the genes of a species result in a new species, the process is called biological evolution.", "neg": "Megapascals is the measure of water potential.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}7{"query": "Are thunderstorms more likely extremely high the ground temperatures are extremely high or extremely low.", "pos": "You can expect stormy if a center of low pressure is moving your way.", "neg": "Hail during a storm describes water in a solid state.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}8{"query": "The stomach mucosa’s epithelial lining consists only of surface mucus cells, which secrete a protective coat of alkaline mucus.", "pos": "Saliva secretion initiates chemical digestion while also protecting the oral cavity.", "neg": "Fundus of the stomach is the food stored before being mixed with the chyme.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}9{"query": "Ovulation occurs before the endometrium thickens in estrous cycles.", "pos": "Estradiol causes the endometrium to thicken during a menstrual cycle.", "neg": "Metalloids is the smallest class of elements.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}10{"query": "No reaction happens when alkanes are mixed with oxygen at room temperature.", "pos": "Alkanes are nonpolar and therefore do not attract ions.", "neg": "None type of membrane are ribosomes surrounded by.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}11{"query": "Condensation of the following could occur as a result of decreasing the heat energy of a gas.", "pos": "If a solute is a gas, increasing the temperature will decrease its solubility.", "neg": "A gas assumes the shape of its container.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}12{"query": "Coal is the source of most electricity.", "pos": "Oil is the most commonly used source of energy in the world.", "neg": "We call the solid form of hydrocarbons coal.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}13{"query": "The primary motor cortex is located in the frontal lobe of the brain.", "pos": "The most significant connection between the cerebellum and the rest of the brain is at the pons.", "neg": "Muscle groups are controlled by the motor cortex .", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}14{"query": "The metallic bond is responsible for the properties of metals.", "pos": "A metallic bond is the force of attraction between a positive metal ion and valence electrons.", "neg": "Metallic bonds hold together positive metal ions and their valence electrons.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}15{"query": "Eyespots do the cells in the front of a volvox typically develop to help swim towards light.", "pos": "Phototaxis is the term for movement toward light.", "neg": "The opening in the front of the eye is called pupil.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}16{"query": "The length of the sloped surface of a ramp is referred to as input distance.", "pos": "Distance is the term for the length of the route between two points.", "neg": "Input distance type of distance is caused by the force you apply to a machine over a given distance.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}17{"query": "Limestone is insoluble in water, so acid can dissolve it.", "pos": "A solution forms when one substance dissolves into another.", "neg": "The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution is called acidity.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}18{"query": "The strong affinity of concentrated sulfuric acid for water makes it a good agent for dehydrating.", "pos": "An excellent solvent that holds heat well and allows hydrogen bonds, water substance has many properties critical to life.", "neg": "The decayed remains of living organisms is called humus.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}19{"query": "The brain is the most complex organ in the human body.", "pos": "The iconic gray mantle of the human brain, which appears to make up most of the mass of the brain, is called the cerebrum.", "neg": "Because action potentials are so brief, a neuron can produce hundreds per second.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}20{"query": "The postpartum period starts after the baby is born, and the placenta is expelled from the body.", "pos": "Infancy is the first year of life following birth.", "neg": "Atoms of metals are good conductors of electricity because they give up electrons.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}21{"query": "Oxygen is the name of the second most electronegative element.", "pos": "Nonmetals is the second largest class of elements.", "neg": "A negative enthalpy change is observed in an exothermic reaction.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}22{"query": "Loud sounds that cause hearing loss damage the hair cells in the inner ear.", "pos": "The hair cells sense(s) the movement of liquid in ear canals.", "neg": "Electrical force has negative attraction.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}23{"query": "Bacteria and archaea are examples of prokaryotes.", "pos": "Amoebas and paramecia are examples of protozoa.", "neg": "Multiple fission is more often observed among protists.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}24{"query": "Animal behavior is the term for any way that an animal interacts with other animals or the environment.", "pos": "Animal behavior is the way animals act either alone or with other animals called.", "neg": "Animal behaviors are controlled by both genes and experiences in a given envionment.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}25{"query": "High altitude above sea level causes the alpine tundra to be so cold.", "pos": "Polar climates include polar and alpine other kind of tundra.", "neg": "Air temperature changes as altitude increases.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}26{"query": "The force of attraction between a positively charged metal ion and the valence electrons it shares with other ions of the metal is called a(n) metallic bond.", "pos": "A metallic bond is the force of attraction between a positive metal ion and valence electrons.", "neg": "The metallic bond is responsible for the properties of metals.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}27{"query": "Antismoking groups have proposed that cigarette advertising in all media be banned entirely.", "pos": "People stopped adding lead to gasoline because of environmental pollution.", "neg": "In their pure form, all elements have an oxidation number of zero.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}28{"query": "The \"head\" of the sperm contains the genetic material.", "pos": "The head of the sperm contains the nucleus.", "neg": "In a few species, chloroplast genes are inherited only from sperm.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}29{"query": "Anabolism is the term for the metabolic reaction where living systems build new molecules.", "pos": "Metabolism includes both anabolic and catabolic reactions.", "neg": "Methyl groups are found within amino acids.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}30{"query": "A consumer and producer in a food chain are involved when a deer eats a leaf.", "pos": "Deer, rabbits and mice are an example of herbivores link between producers and other consumers.", "neg": "Dermal cells type of cells make up the epidermis of a leaf.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}31{"query": "A(n) genome is considered to be a person's entire genetic information.", "pos": "Genes are composed of dna.", "neg": "The electromagnetic spectrum represents the full range of frequency of electromagnetic waves.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}32{"query": "How ice cores are important to the study of geologic history is best described as they contain evidence showing changes in the atmospheric composition over time.", "pos": "Varves type of stratified deposit is formed where lakes are covered by ice in the winter.", "neg": "Ice is the common term for water in its solid state.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}33{"query": "If no unbalanced force acts on an object the object remains at constant velocity or at rest.", "pos": "Particles in the gas state of matter do not experience any force of mutual attraction or repulsion.", "neg": "None type of membrane are ribosomes surrounded by.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}34{"query": "Anions are formed by atoms gaining electrons.", "pos": "A(n) anion is formed when an element gains one or more electrons.", "neg": "Ionic compounds contain cations and anions rather than discrete neutral molecules.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}35{"query": "Mantle is the layer of tissue between the body and shell.", "pos": "Most turtle bodies are covered by a special bony or cartilaginous shell developed from their ribs.", "neg": "Rock containing fossilized seashells found on a mountaintop of the following provides the best evidence that earth has evolved over geologic time.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}36{"query": "Superconductors are materials with a resistivity of zero.", "pos": "You call materials able to conduct electricity with 100% efficiency, meaning that no energy is lost during the electrical transmission, superconductors.", "neg": "No reaction happens when alkanes are mixed with oxygen at room temperature.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}37{"query": "2000 times much larger can the most powerful light microscropes make an image.", "pos": "The human eye detect can detect three colors of light.", "neg": "The human body has as many as two trillion lymphocytes, and lymphocytes make up about 25% of all of leukocytes.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}38{"query": "Intercellular connections allow heterocysts to transport fixed nitrogen to neighboring cells and to receive carbohydrates.", "pos": "Vesicles are used during endocytosis to allow molecules to enter the cell.", "neg": "Diffusion is an effective transport mechanism over the spatial scales typically found at cellular level.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}39{"query": "In invertebrates kind of animals does parthenogenesis occur.", "pos": "Eggs animals use incubation, how do they generally give birth to their young.", "neg": "Sexually do invertebrates reproduce.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}40{"query": "Exposure to ultraviolet radiation can increase the amount of pigment in the skin and make it appear darker.", "pos": "Sunlight is the leading cause of skin cancer.", "neg": "Radioactivity is the release of particles and/or energy from the nucleus of an atom.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}41{"query": "Meter much distance can beta particles travel through air.", "pos": "Do waves move faster close particles are close to each other or far away.", "neg": "Air is made of atoms.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}42{"query": "One gram of carbohydrates provides four calories of energy.", "pos": "One gram of sugar or starch provides 4 calories of energy.", "neg": "Within the microsporangium, the microspore mother cell divides by meiosis to give rise to four microspores, each of pollen grain will ultimately form this.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}43{"query": "Fungi is the major cause of disease in agricultural crops.", "pos": "A(n) fungus causes ergot, a disease that impacts crops directly and has more devastating effects on animals.", "neg": "Mushrooms get their energy from decomposing dead organisms.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}44{"query": "Leaves respond to these environmental stimuli by producing less chlorophyll.", "pos": "Many plants respond to the days growing shorter in the fall by going dormant.", "neg": "One way to change water from a liquid to a solid is to decrease the temperature.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}45{"query": "Flying technique is used by insects and birds to find food, mates, and safety from predators.", "pos": "Birds pair up with the same bird in mating season.", "neg": "Birds and airplanes are aerofoils found.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}46{"query": "The base of a nucleotide within dna consists of nitrogen.", "pos": "Nucleic acids is defined by its sequence of nucleotides.", "neg": "Group 15 of the periodic table is also called nitrogen group.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}47{"query": "A vapor light produces visible light by electroluminescence process.", "pos": "The light-producing process fluorescence occurs when a substance absorbs shorter-wavelength ultraviolet light and then gives off the energy as visible light.", "neg": "Venus has a warmer average surface temperature than earth.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}48{"query": "They can exist in the form of atoms or molecules of the following is not a description of compounds.", "pos": "Oxygen and nitrogen in air of the following combinations is a mixture rather than a compound.", "neg": "Outside the nucleus are electrons located in relation to the nucleus.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}49{"query": "Animals need plants for food and energy.", "pos": "Plants not only contribute food but oxygen for organisms.", "neg": "Dew forming on plants during a cold night is an example of water condensing.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}50{"query": "Cytokinesis is the name for the division of the cytoplasm in eukaryotic cells, resulting in two genetically identical daughter cells.", "pos": "Binary fission is a form of cell division in prokaryotic organisms that produces identical offspring.", "neg": "Biochemical reactions take place inside the organisms' cells.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}51{"query": "Estradiol causes the endometrium to thicken during a menstrual cycle.", "pos": "Ovulation occurs before the endometrium thickens in estrous cycles.", "neg": "Receptors for hormones recognize molecules with specific shapes and side groups, and respond only to those that are recognized.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}52{"query": "Heat from the sun causes the most evaporation of water from a lake.", "pos": "Evaporation is responsible for changing liquid water into water vapor.", "neg": "The energy stored in the organic molecules of food ultimately comes from the sun.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}53{"query": "Organic compounds from other organisms do fungi absorb to get their nutrition.", "pos": "Some protists absorb nutrients from decaying matter like a fungus.", "neg": "Multiple fission is more often observed among protists.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}54{"query": "Lymph vessels are like blood vessels, except they move lymph instead of blood.", "pos": "Lymph capillaries structure collect fluid that leaks out from blood capillaries.", "neg": "An antibody can match one types of antigens.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}55{"query": "Convex mirrors diverge light rays and, thus, have a negative focal length.", "pos": "A convex mirror is shaped like the outside of a bowl.", "neg": "A negative enthalpy change is observed in an exothermic reaction.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}56{"query": "Thrombus is a collection of fibrin, platelets, and erythrocytes that has accumulated along the lining of a blood vessel called.", "pos": "Lymph capillaries structure collect fluid that leaks out from blood capillaries.", "neg": "A stream flooding is most likely caused by a thunderstorm.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}57{"query": "Acid rain may be caused by air pollution.", "pos": "Air pollution causes acid rain, ozone depletion, and global warming.", "neg": "Certain air pollutants form acid liquid when dissolved in water droplets in the air.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}58{"query": "Buoyant force makes objects seem lighter in water.", "pos": "Density allows cut logs to float on water.", "neg": "Natural convection is driven by buoyant forces.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}59{"query": "Transparent matter transmits light without scattering it.", "pos": "Translucent matter transmits light but scatters the light as it passes through.", "neg": "Humans can see in three dimensions.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}60{"query": "Temperature is too cold is there very little evaporation in the boreal forests.", "pos": "Because trees add water vapor to air, cutting down forests leads to longer periods of drought.", "neg": "The action of burning a piece of wood forms a different chemical substance.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}61{"query": "The sum of the masses of the atoms in the formula is referred to as molecular mass.", "pos": "Adding the number of protons plus the number of neutrons in an atom decides its approximate mass; atomic number is another word for this value.", "neg": "Chemical energy is stored in the atom bonds.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}62{"query": "Urea vertebrate animals metabolize ammonia what is the primary byproduct that is produced.", "pos": "Animals produce most of enzymes chemicals, which are needed to synthesize the fatty acids they need.", "neg": "Kidneys, large intestine, liver, skin, and lungs comprise the excretory system.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}63{"query": "Unburned hydrocarbons can more easily be converted to carbon dioxide and water in the presence of a catalyst.", "pos": "Carbon dioxide is an example of a material that easily undergoes sublimation.", "neg": "In a biological reaction, proteins act as catalysts.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}64{"query": "Ion drives have low thrust but high efficiency.", "pos": "Many free charges is the drift velocity negligible.", "neg": "Fresh water biomes are defined by low salt concentration.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}65{"query": "When light reflects from a rough surface, it gets diffused.", "pos": "Translucent matter transmits light but scatters the light as it passes through.", "neg": "Dispersion is the term for the spacing of individuals within a population.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}66{"query": "Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that lack organelles surrounded by membranes.", "pos": "Prokaryotes are single-celled or colonial organisms that do not have membranebound nuclei.", "neg": "A single-celled prokaryotic is a bacteria.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}67{"query": "Selective breeding involves choosing certain organisms to reproduce with one another in order to pass on specific, desirable traits to their offspring.", "pos": "Natural selection is the process that allows organisms with better traits to survive and produce.", "neg": "Community interactions are important factors in natural selection.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}68{"query": "Removes unwanted substances does water treatment do to water.", "pos": "Process of desalinization helps provide cleaner water for agriculture.", "neg": "Water are most cells surrounded by.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}69{"query": "Pluto has three moons.", "pos": "Pluto is now called dwarf planet.", "neg": "Three ways that waves may interact with matter are reflection, refraction, and diffraction.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}70{"query": "Symbiotic relationships is the term for  interactions between individuals of different species over an extended period of time which impact the abundance and distribution of the associating populations.", "pos": "Character displacement is the concept by which two species within the same area to coexist by adapting by developing different specializations.", "neg": "Organic compounds from other organisms do fungi absorb to get their nutrition.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}71{"query": "In a few species, chloroplast genes are inherited only from sperm.", "pos": "In multicellular organisms, only mutations in cell lines that produce gametes can be passed to offspring.", "neg": "The head of the sperm contains the nucleus.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}72{"query": "The word alkali comes from the arabic al-qili, meaning “ashes of the saltwort plant from salt marshes”.", "pos": "Compounds with aluminum and silicon are commonly found in the clay fractions of soils derived from volcanic ash.", "neg": "The binary halides are an important subclass of salts.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}73{"query": "Many scientists think protists are the oldest eukaryotes.", "pos": "Scientists think protists are the oldest eukaryotes.", "neg": "Amoebas and paramecia are examples of protozoa.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}74{"query": "Homes and transportation use half (fifty) percent of all energy in the u.s.", "pos": "Over 90% of the energy we use comes originally from the sun.", "neg": "The temperature is 55° f in winslow today statement is a description of weather.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}75{"query": "Currently, the only known stable systems undergoing fusion are interiors of stars.", "pos": "Only the sun in our solar system give off their own light.", "neg": "None purpose does the appendix serve in humans today.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}76{"query": "Speed is the term for a scalar measure of how quickly an object is moving along this line.", "pos": "Instantaneous velocity is defined as the velocity of the object at a given moment.", "neg": "When light passes from one medium to another, it changes speed.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}77{"query": "Carl woese constructed a tree diagram, separating living organisms into three domains.", "pos": "Galileo built the first telescope.", "neg": "Sulfur can combine with oxygen to produce sulfur trioxide.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}78{"query": "A human cannot survive the loss of the liver of the following.", "pos": "Sickle-cell disease significantly impairs the function of circulatory system.", "neg": "Snakes are carnivorous animals.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}79{"query": "Bile salts produced by the liver assist in breaking apart dietary fats.", "pos": "Lipids are broken down by lipases.", "neg": "Glutathione is a low-molecular-weight compound found in living cells that is produced naturally by the liver.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}80{"query": "Biochemical reactions occur inside organisms.", "pos": "Biochemical reactions take place inside the organisms' cells.", "neg": "The atoms of a compound are held together by chemical bonds.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}81{"query": "Circannual behavioral rhythms are linked to the yearly cycle of seasons.", "pos": "Circadian rhythms is the term for daily cycles of behavior, like the sleep-wake cycle.", "neg": "You call water that flows out of the ground where an aquifer meets the surface a(n) spring.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}82{"query": "Under appropriate conditions, the attractions between all molecules in gas state will cause them to form liquids or solids.", "pos": "Most molecular compounds that have a mass similar to water are in gas state of matter at room temperature.", "neg": "Gases helps sound travel in waves.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}83{"query": "Ph food enters the stomach after a period of fasting, a drop in what initiates the conversion of pepsinogen to pepsin.", "pos": "Gastrin signals the secretion of gastric acid.", "neg": "Melanocytes are located in the bottom layer of the epidermis.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}84{"query": "Do particles collide more in two reactants fluid they are both in fluid forms or solid forms.", "pos": "Collision theory states that chemical reactions occur when atoms, ions, or molecules collide.", "neg": "Haumea is part of the a collisional family.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}85{"query": "Sound, like all waves, travels at a certain speed and has the properties of frequency and this?", "pos": "The speed of sound depends on medium.", "neg": "The sound in a loud classroom is an example of a form of energy.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}86{"query": "The location of an object in a frame of reference is called position.", "pos": "Distance is defined as the magnitude or size of displacement between two positions.", "neg": "Ground tilting is caused by the buildup of stress in the rocks.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}87{"query": "Nonvascular plants are the only plants with a life cycle in which the gametophyte generation is dominant.", "pos": "Nonvascular plants were the first plants to evolve.", "neg": "None type of membrane are ribosomes surrounded by.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}88{"query": "Autosomes is another term for body chromosomes.", "pos": "Genes, or functional units of chromosomes, determine specific characteristics by coding for specific proteins.", "neg": "A complex machine is described by: it is made of more than one simple machine.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}89{"query": "Dry skin and scales are part of an animal that would most likely be classified as a reptile.", "pos": "Have hair characteristic applies to animals in only one of these taxonomic groups: reptiles, mammals, birds, amphibians, or fishes.", "neg": "Humidity happens happens when liquid water evaporates.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}90{"query": "In celsius, the boiling point of water is one hundred degrees.", "pos": "External pressure affects the boiling point of water.", "neg": "Over 90% of the energy we use comes originally from the sun.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}91{"query": "You call the carbohydrate formed when two monosaccharides bond together disaccharide.", "pos": "Double sugars are called disaccharides.", "neg": "By using fructose can you prevent your ice cream from getting a sandy texture.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}92{"query": "Unlike eukaryotic cells, dna and rna synthesis in prokaryotic cells occurs together with synthesis of protein.", "pos": "Dna encodes instructions for proteins molecules.", "neg": "Multiple fission is more often observed among protists.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}93{"query": "A(n) increase in length happens to metal railroad tracks during the heat of a summer day.", "pos": "In direct sunlight will a sidewalk feel hottest on a warm, clear day.", "neg": "The long, threadlike extensions of the nerve cell help transmit nerve impulses.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}94{"query": "When blood vessels in the head dilate, a migraine, a severe headache, can occur.", "pos": "Blood flow decrease when blood vessels constrict.", "neg": "Large mutations is essential for forming new genes.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}95{"query": "Migration is an evolved, adapted response to resource availability that is the long-range seasonal movement of animals.", "pos": "A change of season and less food usually cause certain animals to migrate.", "neg": "Instinctive behaviors like flying and mating types of incest behaviors are controlled by genes.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}96{"query": "Mercury is the one metal that melts below room temperature.", "pos": "Mercury is not a solid even at room temperature.", "neg": "It is liquid at most temperatures on earth property of water is most important for living organisms.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}97{"query": "Mechanical to sound energy transfer occurs when a student blows a whistle.", "pos": "Mechanical to sound energy transformation occurs when a person hits a drum with a drumstick.", "neg": "The ears are an external feature in human beings is responsible for balance.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}98{"query": "A squirrel storing nuts is preparing for a seasonal change in the environment.", "pos": "Migration is an evolved, adapted response to resource availability that is the long-range seasonal movement of animals.", "neg": "A supply of stored food do seeds have that spores do not.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}99{"query": "Arterial blood pressure is highest when the heart contracts during ventricular systole.", "pos": "Blood enters the heart in atria valve.", "neg": "A desmosome is a cell structure that anchors the ends of cardiac muscle fibers together.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}100{"query": "Intervertebral discs are made of fibrocartilage.", "pos": "Backbone is another name for the vertebral column.", "neg": "Cells may enter a period of rest known as interkinesis.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}101{"query": "The soho spacecraft first started to operate in 1996.", "pos": "The voyager 1 spacecraft visited saturn in 1980.", "neg": "Oxygen group is group 16 of the periodic table referred to.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}102{"query": "Meteorites, formed of split asteroids or planetary rocks, provide clues about our solar system.", "pos": "Meteorites are often comprised of remnants of the earliest material that formed in the solar system.", "neg": "A mold is an imprint of an organism left in rock.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}103{"query": "According to the law of conservation of energy, energy can never actually be “consumed”; it can only be changed from one form to another.", "pos": "Matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.", "neg": "None type of membrane are ribosomes surrounded by.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}104{"query": "The cardiovascular system transports many substances to and from cells throughout the body.", "pos": "The cardiovascular system moves nutrients and other substances throughout the body.", "neg": "There are four valves in the heart.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}105{"query": "Amino acids contain both a carboxylic acid group and a(n) amine group.", "pos": "A protein is an organic compound made up of small molecules called amino acids.", "neg": "Methyl groups are found within amino acids.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}106{"query": "Potential energy type of energy is possessed by autumn leaves before they fall.", "pos": "The energy that is stored in matter is called potential.", "neg": "Young roots and leaves are the major sites of gibberellin production.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}107{"query": "The double helix dna shape forms when the two nucleotide chains wrap around the same axis.", "pos": "In prokaryotes, a(n) genome is composed of a single, double-stranded dna molecule in the form of a loop or circle.", "neg": "Like mitochondria, plastids contain their own dna.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}108{"query": "Stilt like roots helps mangrove trees rise high above the water.", "pos": "Deep roots will best prevent a tree from being blown over by high winds during a storm.", "neg": "Terminal pods are located at the end of stems.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}109{"query": "Mammals may either be herbivores, omnivores or herbivores.", "pos": "Herbivores are heterotrophs that eat only or mainly plants.", "neg": "A(n) carnivore is at the top of the energy pyramid.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}110{"query": "Diverging lens do you call a lens that causes the light rays to bend away from its axis.", "pos": "A concave lens is thicker at the edges than it is in the middle.", "neg": "Changes in sunlight or water do plants respond to in their environment.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}111{"query": "Glaciers deposit their sediment when they melt.", "pos": "A glacier leaves behind bare rock when it retreats.", "neg": "The intermolecular structure of ice has spaces that are not present in liquid water.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}112{"query": "A domain is the highest taxon in the classification of living things.", "pos": "Bacteria are the most numerous species on the planet.", "neg": "One domain is common in two eukaryotic proteins.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}113{"query": "Electrons always result in an anion that is larger than the parent atom.", "pos": "When electrons move from one atom to another, they become ions.", "neg": "Golden eagles living species of bird is considered the  largest of the raptors.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}114{"query": "When exposed to ultraviolet, some substances, such as minerals, glow in characteristic visible wavelengths, in a process called fluorescence.", "pos": "The light-producing process fluorescence occurs when a substance absorbs shorter-wavelength ultraviolet light and then gives off the energy as visible light.", "neg": "Reef or rock are sponges most likely anchored to.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}115{"query": "Plants generally transport carbohydrates from leaves to roots and other nonphotosynthetic organs in the form of sucrose.", "pos": "Leaves export sugar to roots and other nonphotosynthetic parts of the plant through the veins.", "neg": "Young roots and leaves are the major sites of gibberellin production.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}116{"query": "Microcontinents come together to create continents and supercontinents.", "pos": "Supercontinents have formed at least five many times in earth history.", "neg": "Microevolution is the process by which organisms change in small ways over time.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}117{"query": "Valence is the term for the number of covalent bonds an atom can form.", "pos": "Electrons in the outer energy level of an atom are called valence electrons.", "neg": "Chemical energy is stored in the atom bonds.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}118{"query": "Humidity happens happens when liquid water evaporates.", "pos": "Evaporation occurs when water on the surface changes to water vapor.", "neg": "Water and humidity is the critical factor for the survival of segmented worms.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}119{"query": "Stringed instruments can help show the relationship between tension and frequencies in strings.", "pos": "One-dimensional sinusoidal waves show the relationship among wavelength, frequency, and speed.", "neg": "Add frequencies do light emitters do to what you see.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}120{"query": "Symptoms of viral diseases result from a(n) immune response to a virus.", "pos": "The body's second line of defense against pathogens includes inflammatory response.", "neg": "Viruses are the most abundant type of biological entity on the earth.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}121{"query": "Drought makes marginal lands unsuitable for farming.", "pos": "While some climate regions have multiple layers, arid regions are poor for development of soil.", "neg": "The water cycle involves movement of water between air and land.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}122{"query": "Sexual reproduction involves combining genetic material from two parents to create distinct offspring.", "pos": "Sexual reproduction results in offspring that are generally all genetically different.", "neg": "There is greater variation among the offspring advantage does a species that reproduces sexually have over a species that reproduces asexually.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}123{"query": "During the early paleozoic, the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere was much greater compared to today.", "pos": "The first period of the paleozoic era was called cambrian.", "neg": "All life is built around the element carbon.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}124{"query": "Luminescence is the name of the process where light is produced without heat.", "pos": "Producing light without heat is called luminescence.", "neg": "Visible light do jellyfish use to startle predators.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}125{"query": "Most of the energy used by living things comes either directly or indirectly from the sun.", "pos": "Ultimately, most life forms get their energy from the sun.", "neg": "The surface of the sun is much hotter than almost anything on earth.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}126{"query": "The parent element are cations simply named after.", "pos": "When naming an ionic compound, the cation is written first.", "neg": "Cations are formed by the loss of one or two electrons from an element.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}127{"query": "Seed dormancy ensures that seeds germinate only when conditions for seedling survival are optimal.", "pos": "Sporopollenin protects the pollen of seed plants and spores of seedless plants.", "neg": "Specialized peroxisomes called glyoxysomes are found in the fat-storing tissues of plant seeds.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}128{"query": "Circle graphs are useful for showing percents of a whole.", "pos": "Line graphs are especially useful for showing changes over time.", "neg": "Centripetal force is the force that causes centripetal acceleration.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}129{"query": "Technology is the term for the application of science to solve problems.", "pos": "The term technology describes the application of knowledge to real-world problems and is practiced by engineers.", "neg": "Engineers are professionals in technology are generally called .", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}130{"query": "Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in adult females.", "pos": "Prostate is the most common type of cancer in adult males.", "neg": "Mutations in regulatory genes that normally control the cell cycle cause cancer.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}131{"query": "Eukaryotes have nuclei and other membrane bound organelles.", "pos": "Eukaryotic cells contain organelles that possess special functions.", "neg": "Eukaryotic cell division involves mitosis and cytokinesis.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}132{"query": "All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves.", "pos": "Radioactivity is the release of particles and/or energy from the nucleus of an atom.", "neg": "Everywhere do archea live.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}133{"query": "Protist diseases in humans are caused by protozoa.", "pos": "Bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa are examples of a pathogen, the term for a disease-causing microorganism.", "neg": "Multiple fission is more often observed among protists.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}134{"query": "Solid exists if particles do not have enough kinetic energy to overcome the force of attraction between them.", "pos": "In solids, particles can't overcome the force of attraction between them because they lack kinetic energy.", "neg": "Prokaryotic cells' organelles because not membrane-bound.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}135{"query": "Its temperature and ph best determines the health of a lake used as a source of freshwater.", "pos": "Bottom area in a lake is likely to have more nutrients.", "neg": "Time, mass, length, and temperature are considered to be base units.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}136{"query": "Epidermis is the middle layer that hair pass through before exiting at the surface of the skin.", "pos": "The skin is made of two layers: epidermis and dermis.", "neg": "Have hair characteristic applies to animals in only one of these taxonomic groups: reptiles, mammals, birds, amphibians, or fishes.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}137{"query": "Compared with the molecules of many other substances, molecules of water are strongly attracted to each other.", "pos": "An excellent solvent that holds heat well and allows hydrogen bonds, water substance has many properties critical to life.", "neg": "Opposite charges attract one another.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}138{"query": "Covalent compounds form individual molecules rather than crystals.", "pos": "Covalent solutes separate into individual molecules when dissolved.", "neg": "Chemical energy is stored in the atom bonds.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}139{"query": "Examples of organ systems in a human include the skeletal, nervous, and reproductive systems.", "pos": "Groupings of related organs in the human body are referred to as \"organ\" systems.", "neg": "A method of sexual reproduction that occurs in plants can be described as seeds are produced from the flower of the plant.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}140{"query": "The direction of the force of gravity is in straight line direction.", "pos": "Weight is the force of gravity.", "neg": "Elements are pure substances that make up all matter.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}141{"query": "The term technology describes the application of knowledge to real-world problems and is practiced by engineers.", "pos": "Technology is the term for the application of science to solve problems.", "neg": "Engineers are professionals in technology are generally called .", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}142{"query": "Keratin is the most familiar fibrous protein found in your body.", "pos": "Carbohydrates are the most common type of organic compound.", "neg": "Using nutrients and growing are common to all living things.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}143{"query": "Medications can slow down the increase of viruses in the blood.", "pos": "A healthy immune system fights off infections and other dieases.", "neg": "Tamiflu inhibits spread of virus.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}144{"query": "Plasmodesmata connect to cytoplasms in the plant cell.", "pos": "Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast.", "neg": "Dew forming on plants during a cold night is an example of water condensing.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}145{"query": "Crystals is used by sensitive systems to detect even low levels of radiation.", "pos": "Radioisotopes type of isotopes have short half-lives and are given in very low doses.", "neg": "The majority of solids are crystalline in nature.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}146{"query": "We call the study of rock layers stratigraphy.", "pos": "Rock stata is stacked in layers in \"layer cake geology\".", "neg": "The law of superposition is best described by: in undisturbed layers of sedimentary rock, the lowest layers contain the older rocks.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}147{"query": "Algae is a promising alternative to traditional crops for biofuel type of fuels.", "pos": "Fuel is algae easier to covert into that corn is currently used for.", "neg": "Positive feedback loops intensifies the response during homeostasis.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}148{"query": "Genes are composed of dna.", "pos": "Dna encodes instructions for proteins molecules.", "neg": "The relationship between a nucleotide codon and its corresponding amino acid is called genetic code.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}149{"query": "Groupings of related organs in the human body are referred to as \"organ\" systems.", "pos": "A(n) organ is a structure that is composed of one or more types of tissues.", "neg": "Cell -> tissue -> organ -> organ system sequence represents the correct levels of organization for multicellular organisms.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}150{"query": "Sample part of an experiment or other investigation consists of the individuals or events that are studied.", "pos": "The values of independent variables are controlled by the experimenter over the course of an experiment.", "neg": "The sound in a loud classroom is an example of a form of energy.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}151{"query": "Winter season causes people to look forward to spring.", "pos": "Circannual behavioral rhythms are linked to the yearly cycle of seasons.", "neg": "You call water that flows out of the ground where an aquifer meets the surface a(n) spring.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}152{"query": "Steam is harmless water vapor, for a powerplant.", "pos": "Geothermal energy energy is clean and does not release greenhouse gases.", "neg": "Insignificant type of role does cartilage play in the human skeleton.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}153{"query": "Precipitation and runoff in the water cycle are primarily responsible for the creation of a lake.", "pos": "High runoff, low infiltration, high precipitation combination of processes from the water cycle is most likely to cause flooding.", "neg": "Water makes up most of  biological tissues.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}154{"query": "Radioactive nuclei and particles are represented by nuclear symbols.", "pos": "Nuclear symbols are used to write nuclear equations for radioactive decay.", "neg": "Radioactivity is the release of particles and/or energy from the nucleus of an atom.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}155{"query": "The eighth planet from our sun is neptune.", "pos": "Mars is the fourth planet from the sun.", "neg": "Eight valence electrons do most of the noble gas elements have in common.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}156{"query": "Electroluminescence does a neon light produce visible light.", "pos": "A vapor light produces visible light by electroluminescence process.", "neg": "Mudslide do you call the sudden flow of mud down a slope because of gravity.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}157{"query": "Ancient greeks mistook sponges simple sedentary animals for plants.", "pos": "The first photosynthetic organisms were not plants, but types of bacteria that lived in the water.", "neg": "Pyramids of net production and biomass reflect low level of efficiency.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}158{"query": "Four children born at one birth are called quadruplets.", "pos": "The first year after birth is called infancy.", "neg": "There are four classes of biochemical compounds.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}159{"query": "Fragmentation asexual reproduction method do starfish use to reproduce.", "pos": "Prokaryotic organisms reproduce asexually through binary fission.", "neg": "Seedless and seed are the two divisions of vascular plants.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}160{"query": "The long bone work as lever.", "pos": "Skeletal tisse is muscle tissue that is attached to the bone called.", "neg": "A wedge is the name for a simple machine that consists of two inclined planes.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}161{"query": "Exact wavelength determines the color of visible light.", "pos": "Visible light is the term for the wavelengths of light humans can see.", "neg": "Wavelength is the distance between two corresponding points of adjacent waves called.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}162{"query": "Cloaca do monotremes have instead of a uterus and vagina.", "pos": "In triploblastic type of animals may a body cavity be present or absent.", "neg": "Sexual reproduction process is a cause of variation in a species.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}163{"query": "The energy that is stored in matter is called potential.", "pos": "Energy that is stored in a person or object is called potential energy.", "neg": "The potential of galvanic cell can be used to measure the ph of a solution.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}164{"query": "The scientific revolution took place europe starting in the 1500s.", "pos": "Microscopes were first developed in the early 1600s by eyeglass makers.", "neg": "The process for developing knowledge is called science.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}165{"query": "Muscle groups are controlled by the motor cortex .", "pos": "The motor system consists of neurons that carry signals to skeletal muscles.", "neg": "Hair cells in the cochlea release neurotransmitters when they bend.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}166{"query": "The atom in a neutron is found in the the nucleus.", "pos": "Protons and neutrons are located in the central nucleus.", "neg": "The main difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells is that eukaryotic cells have a nucleus.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}167{"query": "Protocells do you call the membrane-bounded droplets that have some properties of cells.", "pos": "Cell term is used to describe a collection of molecules surrounded by a phospholipid bilayer that is capable of reproducing itself.", "neg": "Independent cells does the activity of an organism depend on the totality of.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}168{"query": "The size of the solute particles determines the rate of dissolving.", "pos": "Stirring, surface area, and temperature affect the rate at solute dissolves what occurs.", "neg": "In the body, chemical digestion mainly takes place in the small intestine.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}169{"query": "Chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis are examples of bacterial stis.", "pos": "Bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa are examples of a pathogen, the term for a disease-causing microorganism.", "neg": "Viruses are the most abundant type of biological entity on the earth.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}170{"query": "The chemical symbol of positive metal ion ion is written first in ionic compounds.", "pos": "When naming an ionic compound, the cation is written first.", "neg": "Galvanic cells kind of cells have positive cell potentials, and all the reduction reactions are reversible.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}171{"query": "Theevolution by natural selection theory explains how populations of organisms can change over time.", "pos": "Sexual reproduction process is a cause of variation in a species.", "neg": "Community interactions are important factors in natural selection.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}172{"query": "A gas assumes the shape of its container.", "pos": "The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.", "neg": "One function of the cardiovascular system is to transport gases throughout the body.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}173{"query": "Mandible controls the opening to the airway and gut.", "pos": "The pharynx is the name of the tube that joins the mouth to the digestive and respiratory tracts.", "neg": "Chewing insects such as dragonflies and grasshoppers have two many sets of jaws.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}174{"query": "Birds evolved from reptile ancestors.", "pos": "The amniotic egg first evolved in reptiles.", "neg": "Birds and airplanes are aerofoils found.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}175{"query": "Trans fat added to certain foods to keep them fresher longer, increase(s) the risk of heart disease.", "pos": "Trans fats have been implicated in the presence of heart disease.", "neg": "Trans fat is manufactured and added to foods to preserve freshness.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}176{"query": "Nuclear symbols are used to write nuclear equations for radioactive decay.", "pos": "Radioactive nuclei and particles are represented by nuclear symbols.", "neg": "The nucleus of an atom is positive due to the presence of positively charged protons.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}177{"query": "A(n) esker is a winding ridge of sand deposited by a stream of meltwater called.", "pos": "A drumlin is the name of a long and low hill of sediments which have been deposited by a glacier.", "neg": "Echinoderms possess a water-based circulatory system.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}178{"query": "Mercury is always closer to the sun than it is to earth.", "pos": "Mercury is closest to the sun.", "neg": "The pion can only be created by violating the conservation of mass-energy.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}179{"query": "A(n) arachnid has additional appendages called the chelicerae and the pedipalps.", "pos": "Arachnids have 4 pairs of legs.", "neg": "An electron moves to a shell farther from the nucleus after it absorbs energy.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}180{"query": "The potential of galvanic cell can be used to measure the ph of a solution.", "pos": "The acidity of a solution is typically assessed experimentally by measurement of its ph.", "neg": "Galvanic kind of a process is corrosion.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}181{"query": "Photoautotrophs capture light energy, and use carbon dioxide as their carbon source.", "pos": "Phototrophs capture light energy and convert it to chemical energy inside their cell.", "neg": "Photosynthetic process is magnesium important to.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}182{"query": "Voltaic cell type of cell has negative anode is positive cathode.", "pos": "The electroplating process transfers metal from the anode to cathode part of the cell.", "neg": "The potential of galvanic cell can be used to measure the ph of a solution.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}183{"query": "A human offspring inherit blue eyes.", "pos": "Children can inherit brown eyes from their parents.", "neg": "Turquoise mineral is used in jewelry because of its striking greenish-blue color.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}184{"query": "About about 2 km tall can mid-ocean ridges be.", "pos": "The rocks athe mid-ocean ridge are nearly free of sediment.", "neg": "This process usually takes the longest amount of time: an ocean basin forms between two continents.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}185{"query": "A light bulb converts electrical energy to light and thermal energy.", "pos": "In the case of a light bulb, electricity is converted to light and thermal energy.", "neg": "Venus has a warmer average surface temperature than earth.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}186{"query": "Galvanic kind of a process is corrosion.", "pos": "Gradual degradation of a material due to its exposure to the environment is known as corrosion.", "neg": "The potential of galvanic cell can be used to measure the ph of a solution.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}187{"query": "Ground tilting is caused by the buildup of stress in the rocks.", "pos": "Mountain building and earthquakes are some of the responses of rocks when subected to stress.", "neg": "The force applied to an object is called stress.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}188{"query": "Osmolality is the ratio of solutes in a solution to a volume of solvent in a solution.", "pos": "Tonicity describes the amount of solute in a solution.", "neg": "Soluble metal hydroxides is produced by the reaction of metal oxide with water.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}189{"query": "Sudden and dramatic losses of biodiversity are called mass extinction.", "pos": "Environmental changes is most responsible for the extinction of most species of plants and animals that have lived on earth.", "neg": "Large mutations is essential for forming new genes.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}190{"query": "Three many types of mechanical waves are there.", "pos": "There are two types of surface waves.", "neg": "Haumea, which is the third brightest kuiper belt object has an odd oval shape which is probably caused by extremely rapid rotation.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}191{"query": "When gas particles collide, these collisions are considered elastic.", "pos": "Do particles collide more in two reactants fluid they are both in fluid forms or solid forms.", "neg": "Gases helps sound travel in waves.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}192{"query": "Heirloom seeds come from plants that were traditionally grown in human populations, as opposed to the seeds used for large-scale agricultural production.", "pos": "A supply of stored food do seeds have that spores do not.", "neg": "Specialized peroxisomes called glyoxysomes are found in the fat-storing tissues of plant seeds.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}193{"query": "A viral vector is the name for a tool commonly used by molecular biologists to place genetic material into cells.", "pos": "Rna is studied to understand gene expression patterns in cells.", "neg": "Symptoms of viral diseases result from a(n) immune response to a virus.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}194{"query": "40 m/s north of the following represents the velocity of a moving object.", "pos": "Distance over time in a given direction determines velocity.", "neg": "Nitrogen gas comprises about three-fourths of earth's atmosphere.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}195{"query": "Mucous does the esophagus produce for lubrication.", "pos": "Saliva secretion initiates chemical digestion while also protecting the oral cavity.", "neg": "The decayed remains of living organisms is called humus.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}196{"query": "Suspension small particles, such as clay and silt, are in mixed in water but do not disolve in the water, what state are they in.", "pos": "Solid exists if particles do not have enough kinetic energy to overcome the force of attraction between them.", "neg": "They roll in a pool of muddy water to avoid fly bites do moose use a learned behavior to protect themselves.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}197{"query": "Food is glucose used for the bacteria.", "pos": "Plants make starches to store extra glucose.", "neg": "A supply of stored food do seeds have that spores do not.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}198{"query": "Low energy causes waves to bring sand up onto the beach during summers.", "pos": "Ocean waves are mainly caused by wind.", "neg": "Acids are associated with a low number on the ph scale.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}199{"query": "Exemplified by baring teeth, aggressive type of displays are common in the animal kingdom, and sometimes serve as a 'bluff'.", "pos": "Animals that defend their area are generally known as territorial.", "neg": "Animal behaviors are controlled by both genes and experiences in a given envionment.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}200{"query": "In solid state kind of state are particles fixed in place relative to one another.", "pos": "Solid is characterized by molecules with minimal movement and strong forces between them.", "neg": "Solid is a form of matter that has a definite shape and volume.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}201{"query": "The term percent composition means the percentage by mass of each element in a compound.", "pos": "The sum of the masses of the atoms in the formula is referred to as molecular mass.", "neg": "Complete and incomplete are the two types of digestive systems invertebrates may have.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}202{"query": "The word metamorphism, which gives its name to a type of rock, means \"to change form", "pos": "Changes of state are reversible physical changes in matter called.", "neg": "The earth's crust is composed of igneuos rock.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}203{"query": "The love canal tragedy was an infamous example of industrial waste dumping.", "pos": "Municipal type of pollution comes from sewage, storm drains, septic tanks, boats, and runoff from yards.", "neg": "Mushrooms get their energy from decomposing dead organisms.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}204{"query": "Unicellular eukaryotes are protists normally.", "pos": "Single-celled organisms are prokaryotes.", "neg": "Virtually all aquatic organisms depend directly or indirectly on protists for food.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}205{"query": "Lamprey cartilage contains no collagen.", "pos": "The ground tissue system has neither dermal nor vascular tissues.", "neg": "No reaction happens when alkanes are mixed with oxygen at room temperature.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}206{"query": "Scissors are compound machines.", "pos": "A wedge is the name for a simple machine that consists of two inclined planes.", "neg": "Cutting grass with a gas-powered lawnmower of these does the most harm to the air.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}207{"query": "Coal is nonrenewable, and the sun is renewable is how coal and the sun compare as sources of energy.", "pos": "Solar and wind are still expensive compared to fossil fuels.", "neg": "Positive feedback intensifies a change in the body’s physiological condition rather than reversing it.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}208{"query": "Resistance is lowered when salts go into ion form.", "pos": "Remember electrons are negatively charged, so ions with a positive charge have lost a(n) electron.", "neg": "Electrical force has negative attraction.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}209{"query": "A(n) anion is formed when an element gains one or more electrons.", "pos": "Anions are formed by atoms gaining electrons.", "neg": "Electron of the following is found farthest from the center of an atom.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}210{"query": "Co2 gas is released into the atmosphere when fossil fuels are burned.", "pos": "The element sulfur is released into the atmosphere by the burning of fossil fuels.", "neg": "The simplest organic compounds are known as hydrocarbons.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}211{"query": "Not surprisingly, controlling flight is the function of the most developed part of a bird's brain.", "pos": "Claws for obtaining food structure of a bird is correctly paired with its function.", "neg": "Instinctive behaviors like flying and mating types of incest behaviors are controlled by genes.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}212{"query": "Mutualistic relationships are a kind of beneficial relationships with other organisms that are common in the plant kingdom.", "pos": "Fungi may form mutualistic relationships with plants, algae, cyanobacteria, and animals.", "neg": "Lichens are not a single organism, but rather an example of a mutualism.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}213{"query": "The result of what, in places like the amazon rainforest, is that food will be harder to produce, clean water will be harder to find, and development of new medicines will become slower?", "pos": "Drought makes marginal lands unsuitable for farming.", "neg": "Pyramids of net production and biomass reflect low level of efficiency.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}214{"query": "Are the majority of archaea chemotrophs or photosynthetic?", "pos": "Photoautotrophs and chemoautotrophs are two basic types of autotrophs.", "neg": "Photosynthetic process is magnesium important to.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}215{"query": "Photosynthesis converts carbon dioxide and water into glucose.", "pos": "During photosynthesis, energy from the sun is converted to glucose after entering a plant.", "neg": "Phototrophs capture light energy and convert it to chemical energy inside their cell.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}216{"query": "You call a substance that cannot be separated into smaller pieces, which is also defined by the number of protons it has, a(n) element.", "pos": "Substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances with different properties are called elements.", "neg": "Exercising every day is an example of a good health habit.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}217{"query": "Milk is usually subjected to pasteurization process, where high temperatures denature the proteins in bacteria so they cannot carry out functions needed to grow and multiply.", "pos": "A sealed, vacuum-insulated reaction flask approximates the condition of a isolated system, in which neither matter nor heat can be exchanged between system and surroundings.", "neg": "Most have cells that are not able to exchange gases with the outside environment do multicellular organisms need transport systems.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}218{"query": "Certain characteristics are frequently inherited together because of linkage.", "pos": "Inherited traits are features that are passed from one generation to the next.", "neg": "It is an inherited behavior that maintains the population statement explains why most salmon leave salt water and return to fresh water.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}219{"query": "Mammals have four limbs and produce amniotic eggs.", "pos": "Reptiles are a class of tetrapod vertebrates that produce amniotic eggs called.", "neg": "The development of the respiratory system in the fetus begins at about 4 weeks.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}220{"query": "The vascular structure functions as a framework that reinforces the shape of the leaf.", "pos": "Stem basic structure holds plants upright, bears leaves and other structures, and transports fluids between roots and leaves.", "neg": "Vascular plants have a dominant sporophyte generation.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}221{"query": "Efficiency equals the output power divided by the input power.", "pos": "Electrical energy consumed can be expressed as the product of power multiplied by time.", "neg": "All cells share the characteristic that they need energy.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}222{"query": "If an accident happens during a science experiment, the first thing a student should do is report to the teacher.", "pos": "Lab safety symbols should you learn that allows you to recognize and avoid the dangers of specific hazards when experimenting, such as flames or broken glass.", "neg": "The sound in a loud classroom is an example of a form of energy.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}223{"query": "Ovulation takes place in the ovary and is part of the menstrual cycle.", "pos": "The release of an egg from an ovary, is part of the menstrual cycle.", "neg": "Optics explains the behavior of visible light and electromagnetic waves.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}224{"query": "When food is scarce, starving cells secrete a molecule that stimulates neighboring cells to aggregate.", "pos": "Cells secrete factor that bind to receptors.", "neg": "A supply of stored food do seeds have that spores do not.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}225{"query": "All cells share the characteristic that they need energy.", "pos": "All cells have the small size in common.", "neg": "Everywhere do archea live.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}226{"query": "In the nuclear fusion process, two light nuclei combine to produce a heavier nucleus and great energy.", "pos": "Thermonuclear power is the name given to the use of controlled nuclear fusion as an energy source.", "neg": "The earth's crust is composed of igneuos rock.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}227{"query": "Remains unchanged happens to the mass number during a nuclear decay process by positron emission.", "pos": "The rate of decay of carbon-14 does remains stable over time.", "neg": "Phase is the term for a certain form of matter that has the same physical properties throughout.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}228{"query": "Phospholipids are vesicles made of.", "pos": "Phospholipids are the main component of the cell membrane.", "neg": "The cell membrane consists of two adjacent layers of phospholipids.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}229{"query": "Cranium (skull) is the term for the skeletal structure of the head that supports the face and protects the brain.", "pos": "The cranium (skull) protect(s) the brain.", "neg": "Sutural bones are found in the skull.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}230{"query": "In humans, a zygote has 46 chromosomes.", "pos": "There are 46 chromosomes chromosomes in a diploid human cell.", "neg": "Changes to chromosomes that delete, disrupt, or rearrange many loci at once are usually harmful.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}231{"query": "Human activity has a bigger impact on water quality, natural events or human activity.", "pos": "Nitrate levels and turbidity factors can have the greatest effect on the health of a river system.", "neg": "Water makes up most of  biological tissues.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}232{"query": "Earthquakes have both longitudinal and transverse components, and these travel at different speeds.", "pos": "Earthquakes mark the motions of colliding plates and the locations where plates plunge into the mantle.", "neg": "Earthquakes are found primarily in lines around the edges of some continents.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}233{"query": "The brain is harmed if you get meningitis.", "pos": "The cranium (skull) protect(s) the brain.", "neg": "The three layers of protective coverings of the spinal cord is called the meninges.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}234{"query": "Sunlight is the leading cause of skin cancer.", "pos": "Cell mutations is the most common cause of cancer.", "neg": "The energy stored in the organic molecules of food ultimately comes from the sun.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}235{"query": "The end of a pine tree branch bears the male cones that produce pollen.", "pos": "Seeds of a pine cone are easily carried by the wind and dispersed because seeds have wings.", "neg": "An acorn growing into an adult tree will take the longest time to observe.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}236{"query": "Aquatic biomes are determined mainly by distance from shore and depth of water other factor.", "pos": "Terrestrial biomes are associated with land, while aquatic ones are associated with water.", "neg": "The earliest animals were aquatic kind of invertebrates.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}237{"query": "Snakes are carnivorous animals.", "pos": "Snakes use their tongue to smell things.", "neg": "In a grassland ecosystem, if the population of eagles suddenly decreased, the ecosystem will become overpopulated with snakes will most likely be the effect on the rest of the ecosystem.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}238{"query": "Clouds form(s) when water vapor condenses in the air around specs of matter.", "pos": "Clouds are formed from water droplets.", "neg": "Cloud of these can make a shadow on the ground during the day.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}239{"query": "A fewer predators is most likely to cause the number of rabbits living in an area to increase.", "pos": "The amount of food available in the area best determines the number of wolves that can live in an area.", "neg": "Loss of energy is the reason that food chain typically has few levels.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}240{"query": "Geothermal energy energy is clean and does not release greenhouse gases.", "pos": "Renewable energy sources emit fewer or no greenhouse gases.", "neg": "During phase change, the temperature of a system remains constant.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}241{"query": "There are four many visual clues to indicate a chemical reaction.", "pos": "There are four classes of biochemical compounds.", "neg": "Mars is the fourth planet from the sun.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}242{"query": "Atomic emission spectrum do you call the pattern of lines formed when light passes through a prism to separate it into the different frequencies of light it contains.", "pos": "Evenly spaced lines kind of lines does a diffraction grating produce.", "neg": "Radioactive decay can give off energy and particles.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}243{"query": "Besides the concentration of dissolve oxygen and nutrients in the water, the availability of sunlight limits aquatic organisms.", "pos": "It is dark does photosynthesis not occur in the deep-water zone.", "neg": "The setmoons, planets, and comets contains only objects that shine as a result of reflected light.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}244{"query": "Non-pathogen caused are noninfectious diseases not contagious.", "pos": "Noninfectious disease is the term for a disease that is not contagious.", "neg": "None type of membrane are ribosomes surrounded by.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}245{"query": "The largest known proteins are titins.", "pos": "The largest known proteins are called titins.", "neg": "Nitrogen increases protein production in plants best explains the importance of nitrogen in the cycling of energy and matter.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}246{"query": "Have hair characteristic applies to animals in only one of these taxonomic groups: reptiles, mammals, birds, amphibians, or fishes.", "pos": "Chordates is the only animal phyla that does not consist exclusively of invertebrates.", "neg": "Epidermis is the middle layer that hair pass through before exiting at the surface of the skin.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}247{"query": "Invertebrates (and higher animals) can also be placed in one of two groups based on how they develop as embryos.", "pos": "Crustaceans go through different larval stages.", "neg": "After implantation, the blastocyst is called an embryo.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}248{"query": "Hardwood lumber of these is the most important product of virginia forests.", "pos": "A river of these is a natural resource of virginia.", "neg": "The newest, outer layers of secondary xylem are called sapwood.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}249{"query": "The term elastic potential energy is used to describe potential energy due to an object’s shape.", "pos": "Potential energy is stored in an object because of its position or shape.", "neg": "When gas particles collide, these collisions are considered elastic.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}250{"query": "Lead sulfate is the white solid that forms on corroded battery terminals.", "pos": "Galvanic kind of a process is corrosion.", "neg": "A white dog has a puppy with white fur statement is an example of an inherited trait in a living thing.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}251{"query": "Single-celled type of organisms do not need blood.", "pos": "Particles in the gas state of matter do not experience any force of mutual attraction or repulsion.", "neg": "None type of membrane are ribosomes surrounded by.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}252{"query": "A(n) polyploid is an individual with more than the correct number of chromosome sets.", "pos": "Duplications (or amplifications ) lead(s) to multiple copies of a chromosomal region.", "neg": "Growing and reproducing occur in both plants and humans.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}253{"query": "Poetically speaking, nature reserves are islands of what, in a sea of habitat degraded by human activity?", "pos": "Terrestrial biomes are associated with land, while aquatic ones are associated with water.", "neg": "Ecosystem damage and loss of land is a possible disadvantage of using flowing water to produce electricity.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}254{"query": "When it bursts do weather balloons return to earth.", "pos": "Balloon deflates will happen if the gas particles inside an inflated balloon suddenly stop moving.", "neg": "A gas assumes the shape of its container.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}255{"query": "Light falls roughly in the middle of the electromagnetic spectrum, having shorter wavelengths and higher frequencies than microwaves, but not as short and high as x rays.", "pos": "Radio waves are the broad range of electromagnetic waves with the longest wavelengths and lowest frequencies.", "neg": "Insignificant type of role does cartilage play in the human skeleton.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}256{"query": "Vessel elements are gymnosperms lacking compared to most angiosperms.", "pos": "A supply of stored food do seeds have that spores do not.", "neg": "Plant cells have structures that animal cells lack.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}257{"query": "Natural resource type of resource is limited in supply and cannot be replaced except over millions of years.", "pos": "Nonrenewable resources cannot be replaced as easily as it is consumed.", "neg": "Soil, for human purposes, is a(n) nonrenewable resource.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}258{"query": "Although they differ vastly in hardness, pencil lead and diamonds both contain carbon.", "pos": "The element carbon on the periodic table forms the most diverse compounds.", "neg": "Carbon has four valence electrons .", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}259{"query": "Like a runner passing a baton, the transmission of nerve impulses between neurons depends on neurotransmitters.", "pos": "Dendrites from the cell body recieve impulses from other neurons.", "neg": "Hair cells in the cochlea release neurotransmitters when they bend.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}260{"query": "The hemolymph and body cells exchange chemicals within the sinuses body part.", "pos": "Body movements help circulate the hemolymph by periodically squeezing the sinuses.", "neg": "Chinook winds occur when air is forced over a mountain range.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}261{"query": "Bottom area in a lake is likely to have more nutrients.", "pos": "Its temperature and ph best determines the health of a lake used as a source of freshwater.", "neg": "Craters and rifts become lakes when they fill with water.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}262{"query": "Smell of these senses lets dora know when a skunk has been close to her house.", "pos": "Snakes use their tongue to smell things.", "neg": "Strong odor helps some animals defend themselves against predators.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}263{"query": "The temperature is 55° f in winslow today statement is a description of weather.", "pos": "Temperature and sky conditions are both used to describe weather.", "neg": "Living echinoderms aredivided into five clades.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}264{"query": "We all start as a single cell and soon grow into a(n) embryo.", "pos": "Cells come from preexisting cells.", "neg": "Using nutrients and growing are common to all living things.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}265{"query": "Zero is the net force acting on an object when two equal forces are applied from opposite directions.", "pos": "Symmetry in forces law states whenever one body exerts a force on a second body, the first body experiences a force that is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force that the first body exerts.", "neg": "The nucleus is comprised primarily of empty space.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}266{"query": "A phospholipid is a bond between the glycerol component of a lipid and phosphorous molecule else.", "pos": "Phosphate groups are found within phospholipids and nucleotides.", "neg": "Phospholipids are vesicles made of.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}267{"query": "If a substance has a ph value greater than 7,that indicates that it is base.", "pos": "As ph increases, a solution becomes more basic.", "neg": "The ph scale measures acids and bases and has 7 as a neutral value.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}268{"query": "Precipitation commonly occur(s) along a cold front.", "pos": "A blizzard usually includes heavy precipitation, strong winds, and surface air temperatures below 0°c.", "neg": "Groundwater primarily comes from precipitation.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}269{"query": "Light retains its original color under water because frequency remains the same when light is refracted.", "pos": "When light passes from one medium to another, it changes speed.", "neg": "During phase change, the temperature of a system remains constant.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}270{"query": "External pressure affects the boiling point of water.", "pos": "In celsius, the boiling point of water is one hundred degrees.", "neg": "The force applied to an object is called stress.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}271{"query": "Rocks on ocean floor is evidence that magnetic reversals occur.", "pos": "The earth's magnetic poles have switched places repeatedly in the past.", "neg": "The pressure of ocean water increases rapidly as the water gets deeper.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}272{"query": "Plants not only contribute food but oxygen for organisms.", "pos": "Animals need plants for food and energy.", "neg": "Air is a mixture of gases statement correctly describes a property of a type of matter.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}273{"query": "Glycolysis is the first stage of cellular respiration.", "pos": "As a result of cellular respiration, energy for cell processes is released.", "neg": "Young roots and leaves are the major sites of gibberellin production.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}274{"query": "Stem basic structure holds plants upright, bears leaves and other structures, and transports fluids between roots and leaves.", "pos": "The stem is the basic structure that holds plants upright, allowing plants to get the sunlight and air they need.", "neg": "Young roots and leaves are the major sites of gibberellin production.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}275{"query": "A concave lens is thicker at the edges than it is in the middle.", "pos": "Convex lenses are thicker in the middle than at the edges so they cause rays of light to converge, or meet, at a point called focus.", "neg": "The thickness of magma determines whether a volcanic eruption will be explosive or not.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}276{"query": "Soft describes the texture of a kitten’s fur.", "pos": "Soft of these best describes the way a feather feels.", "neg": "Are cats more active at night than during the day? of the following questions is testable in a scientific investigation.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}277{"query": "Net primary productivity is an estimation of all of the organic matter available as food, and involves measuring biomass in terrestrial environments.", "pos": "Topsoil layer of soil, essential for farming, has the highest proportion of organic material.", "neg": "Biomass is an example of a renewable energy resource.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}278{"query": "Independent cells does the activity of an organism depend on the totality of.", "pos": "All cells need energy for processes like active transport.", "neg": "Protocells do you call the membrane-bounded droplets that have some properties of cells.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}279{"query": "Potassium, calcium, and magnesium are considered macronutrients.", "pos": "Micronutrients is the term for nutrients the body needs in relatively small amounts, including vitamins and minerals.", "neg": "Any large molecule is referred to as a macromolecule.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}280{"query": "Amount of salt are aquatic biomes often classified.", "pos": "Salt-water biomes in the ocean are called marine biomes.", "neg": "A salt concentration of 32 percent is nearly ten times that of seawater abundant resource.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}281{"query": "The position characteristic of motion could change without changing the velocity of an object.", "pos": "Motion can be defined simply as a change in position.", "neg": "The earth's crust is composed of igneuos rock.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}282{"query": "Snow and hail are two types of frozen percipitation.", "pos": "The ice crystals that form on the ground are called frost.", "neg": "Hail during a storm describes water in a solid state.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}283{"query": "Two membranes form the mitochondrion structure of a cell.", "pos": "The structure of mitochondrion plays an important role in aerobic respiration.", "neg": "Within the petals are two whorls of fertile floral organs that produce spores.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}284{"query": "The parasympathetic system can also be referred to as the craniosacral system.", "pos": "Most tissues regulated by the autonomic nervous system receive both sympathetic and parasympathetic input from?", "neg": "Bones are made up of tissues.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}285{"query": "A double bond consists of one sigma bond and one pi bond.", "pos": "Carbon-oxygen bond type of double bond has a sigma bond and a pi bond.", "neg": "Bond energies can be used to estimate the energy change of a chemical reaction.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}286{"query": "Moves food wastes human bodily function does cellulose help with.", "pos": "Peristalsis is necessary for digestion basic bodily function.", "neg": "The decayed remains of living organisms is called humus.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}287{"query": "The ground tissue system has neither dermal nor vascular tissues.", "pos": "Lamprey cartilage contains no collagen.", "neg": "No reaction happens when alkanes are mixed with oxygen at room temperature.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}288{"query": "An electrical signal along a nerve cell triggers the secretion of neurotransmitter molecules.", "pos": "The long, threadlike extensions of the nerve cell help transmit nerve impulses.", "neg": "Nervous system system is capable of responding quickly to changing situations.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}289{"query": "Frequency factor is used to convert concentrations to collisions per second.", "pos": "Momentum can be calculated by multiplying an object’s mass in kilograms (kg) by its velocity in meters per second (m/s).", "neg": "Haumea is part of the a collisional family.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}290{"query": "Global winds are the winds that occur in belts that encircle the planet.", "pos": "Global winds do you call winds that occur in belts that go all around the planet.", "neg": "Winds causes most ocean waves.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}291{"query": "As temperature increases, volume increases.", "pos": "When temperature increases but amount of gas and its pressure are constantvolume increases happens to the volume of the gas .", "neg": "The term volume means the amount of space matter takes up.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}292{"query": "With the exception of water, proteins accounts for more mass than any other component of living organisms.", "pos": "Proteins are the most numerous and diverse biochemical compounds.", "neg": "In a biological reaction, proteins act as catalysts.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}293{"query": "Seeds of a pine cone are easily carried by the wind and dispersed because seeds have wings.", "pos": "The end of a pine tree branch bears the male cones that produce pollen.", "neg": "An acorn growing into an adult tree will take the longest time to observe.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}294{"query": "Radioisotopes type of isotopes have short half-lives and are given in very low doses.", "pos": "Micropipettes are suitable for measuring very small amounts of liquids.", "neg": "The low atomic number of beryllium allows it to absorb x-rays.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}295{"query": "The size and symmetry of a beetle’s or an elk’s antlers or a grasshopper’s song communicate rather clearly their state of health.", "pos": "The vivid colors of flowers are an adaptation designed to encourage pollination by animals such as insects and birds.", "neg": "The mammalian middle ear has three bones.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}296{"query": "Goosebumps is the layman's term for mammals raising their hair with tiny muscles in the skin, something that is automatic in humans sensing cold.", "pos": "Goosebumps happen(s) when mammals raise their hair with tiny muscles in the skin.", "neg": "Gases and liquids become solids at low temperatures.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}297{"query": "Gases were released to the atmosphere best explains why the total mass of the product(s) would be less than the total weight of the reactant(s) after a chemical reaction.", "pos": "Reducing the number of molecules in a rigid container causes pressure to decrease.", "neg": "Gases helps sound travel in waves.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}298{"query": "Electrochemistry is the study of the relationship between electricity and chemical reactions.", "pos": "Chemistry is defined as the study of matter.", "neg": "Atomic orbitals are populated with subatomic particles known as electrons.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}299{"query": "Stress is applied to a rock to make it bend and flow.", "pos": "The flexibility of an object allows it to bend.", "neg": "A mold is an imprint of an organism left in rock.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}300{"query": "There are six types types of simple machines.", "pos": "There are six types of leptons.", "neg": "Ossification begins approximately six weeks after fertilization in an embryo.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}301{"query": "Binary transition-metal compounds, such as the oxides and sulfides, are usually written with idealized stoichiometries.", "pos": "A binary molecular compound is made up of two  elements.", "neg": "Chemistry is defined as the study of matter.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}302{"query": "Insight learning is done from past experiences and reasoning.", "pos": "Insight learning is based on past experience and reasoning.", "neg": "The pituitary gland is in the brain.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}303{"query": "When drinking water is treated, the term for when chemicals cause solids in the water to clump together is coagulation.", "pos": "Removes unwanted substances does water treatment do to water.", "neg": "Oxygen is transferred through capillaries.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}304{"query": "Volcanoes do convergent plate boundaries with trenches have.", "pos": "A convergent plate boundary is created when two plates come toward each other.", "neg": "The water in some springs are hot because they're heated by hot magma.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}305{"query": "The andromeda galaxy of the following is the farthest from earth.", "pos": "Electron of the following is found farthest from the center of an atom.", "neg": "None purpose does the appendix serve in humans today.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}306{"query": "Fungi that reproduce sexually create a zygospore.", "pos": "Fungus-like protists such as slime molds reproduce with spores.", "neg": "Multiple fission is more often observed among protists.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}307{"query": "Taste sense is used to tell if there is sugar in a glass of tea.", "pos": "In a glass of sweet tea the sugar is known as the solute and the water is known as the solvent.", "neg": "Sugar crystals dissolving in water is an example of the formation of a mixture.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}308{"query": "Volume is another way of measuring material.", "pos": "Volume is a measure of the amount of space that a substance or an object occupies.", "neg": "A complex machine is described by: it is made of more than one simple machine.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}309{"query": "Fission is the radioactive process used in nuclear power plants and one type of nuclear bomb.", "pos": "Nuclear power plants produce electricity through induced fission.", "neg": "Collisions between hydrogen atoms demonstrate one form of nuclear fusion.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}310{"query": "Most of the gray matter is on the surface of the brain, surrounding white matter.", "pos": "The iconic gray mantle of the human brain, which appears to make up most of the mass of the brain, is called the cerebrum.", "neg": "The brain stem monitor(s) the level of carbon dioxide in the blood.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}311{"query": "Sodium-potassium pumps help nerve cells establish a voltage across their plasma membranes.", "pos": "The active transport of ions across the membrane causes an electrical gradient to build up across the plasma membrane.", "neg": "Phospholipids are the main component of the cell membrane.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}312{"query": "Phototrophs capture light energy and convert it to chemical energy inside their cell.", "pos": "Phototrophs capture light energy and convert it to chemical energy inside its cell.", "neg": "The process responsible for the presence of oxygen in our atmosphere is photosynthesis.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}313{"query": "Air pollution causes acid rain, ozone depletion, and global warming.", "pos": "Acid rain may be caused by air pollution.", "neg": "Air quality is a measure of pollutants in the air.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}314{"query": "Gnomic projection type of map projection is used for small areas to avoid distortion.", "pos": "A bathymetric map can show the features of the bottom of a body of water.", "neg": "All cells have the small size in common.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}315{"query": "Fractional crystallization is the separation of compounds on the basis of their solubilities in a given solvent.", "pos": "The separation of compounds on the basis of their solubilities in a given solvent is known as fractional crystallization.", "neg": "The majority of solids are crystalline in nature.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}316{"query": "The core is the sun's innermost layer.", "pos": "The innermost layer of the sun is known as the core.", "neg": "The energy stored in the organic molecules of food ultimately comes from the sun.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}317{"query": "Integral proteins are embedded in libid bilayer.", "pos": "The complement system is a series of proteins constitutively found in the blood plasma.", "neg": "Lava that enters the water is called pillow lava.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}318{"query": "Group 13 of the periodic table is also called the the boron group.", "pos": "Group 15 of the periodic table is also called nitrogen group.", "neg": "Eliminates excess iron does consuming enterobactin help our body.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}319{"query": "A horsepower is equal to the amount of work a horse can do in 1 minute.", "pos": "The term cardiac output, calculated by multiplying heart contractions by stroke volume, means the volume of blood pumped by the heart in one minute.", "neg": "Horse of these most likely has the greatest mass.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}320{"query": "Along with other organelles, all eukaryotic cells possess nucleus.", "pos": "The cells of all protists have a nucleus.", "neg": "Remains unchanged happens to the mass number during a nuclear decay process by positron emission.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}321{"query": "The cytoskeleton is a cellular \"scaffolding\" or \"skeleton\" that crisscrosses the cytoplasm", "pos": "The cytoskeleton is the skeleton of the cell.", "neg": "The cytoskeleton holds cell organelles in place within the cytoplasm.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}322{"query": "Unstable isotopes give off particles and energy as radioactivity.", "pos": "Radioactive decay can give off energy and particles.", "neg": "Even the age of earth has been estimated on the basis of radioisotopes.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}323{"query": "Epithelial cells are found in skin body organ.", "pos": "Most skin structures originate in the dermis.", "neg": "The skin is made of two layers: epidermis and dermis.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}324{"query": "Contour lines show the three-dimensional shape of land.", "pos": "A hill do concentric circles on a topographic map indicate.", "neg": "Humans can see in three dimensions.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}325{"query": "Cardiac veins parallel the small cardiac arteries and generally drain into coronary sinus.", "pos": "Blood enters the heart in atria valve.", "neg": "Vesicles are basic tools of the cell for organizing metabolism, transport, and storage of molecules.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}326{"query": "Archaeans produce methane gas as a waste product.", "pos": "Co2 gas is released into the atmosphere when fossil fuels are burned.", "neg": "One function of the cardiovascular system is to transport gases throughout the body.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}327{"query": "The low atomic number of beryllium allows it to absorb x-rays.", "pos": "Crystals is used by sensitive systems to detect even low levels of radiation.", "neg": "Radioisotopes type of isotopes have short half-lives and are given in very low doses.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}328{"query": "Ectothermic is the term for animals that  cannot raise their body temperature on their own.", "pos": "A reptile's metabolism doesn't generate enough energy to keep their body temperature stable.", "neg": "A negative enthalpy change is observed in an exothermic reaction.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}329{"query": "A supervolcano that may have killed all but 10,000 humans resulted in volcanic winter phenomenon, lasting up to a decade.", "pos": "After a massive eruption, a mountain collapsing above an empty chamber will create a caldera.", "neg": "Mushrooms get their energy from decomposing dead organisms.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}330{"query": "Three different states of matter makes the halogen group so diverse.", "pos": "The element carbon on the periodic table forms the most diverse compounds.", "neg": "Water exists on earth in three matter states states.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}331{"query": "The lower density of warm air causes it to rise above cold air.", "pos": "Rising and sinking air influences precipitation in a region.", "neg": "Air weakly scatters visible light.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}332{"query": "Zeroes that show only where the decimal point falls are not significant.", "pos": "Zeros that appear in front of all of the nonzero digits are called left-end zeros.", "neg": "The nucleus is comprised primarily of empty space.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}333{"query": "Living things on the ocean floor are known as benthos.", "pos": "Salt-water biomes in the ocean are called marine biomes.", "neg": "Rocks on ocean floor is evidence that magnetic reversals occur.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}334{"query": "Is the digestive tract of many sharks longer or shorter than many other vertebrates?", "pos": "Are vesicles larger or smaller than vacuoles?", "neg": "Loss of energy is the reason that food chain typically has few levels.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}335{"query": "A change of season and less food usually cause certain animals to migrate.", "pos": "Many species of birds in new england fly south for the winter months to find an environment with more food.", "neg": "Loss of energy is the reason that food chain typically has few levels.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}336{"query": "Lipids are available to the body from three sources.", "pos": "A lipid is one of a highly diverse group of compounds made up mostly of hydrocarbons.", "neg": "Sulfur can combine with oxygen to produce sulfur trioxide.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}337{"query": "Gradual degradation of a material due to its exposure to the environment is known as corrosion.", "pos": "Galvanic kind of a process is corrosion.", "neg": "Coal can be mined from earth and used as an energy source.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}338{"query": "Proper chemical formulas for ionic compounds balance the total positive charge with total negative charge.", "pos": "A complete ionic equation is a chemical equation in which the dissolved ionic compounds are written as separated ions.", "neg": "When electrons move from one atom to another, they become ions.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}339{"query": "If the dna from all 46 chromosomes in a human cell nucleus was laid out end to end, it would measure approximately two meters long.", "pos": "Dna consists of two long chains of nucleotides.", "neg": "The human body has as many as two trillion lymphocytes, and lymphocytes make up about 25% of all of leukocytes.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}340{"query": "Buds form, flowers open, fruits grow lists the correct order of changes that happen to a plant in spring.", "pos": "Seed -> young plant -> adult plant sequence shows the order of stages in a plant’s life cycle.", "neg": "You call water that flows out of the ground where an aquifer meets the surface a(n) spring.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}341{"query": "The name of film that polyester fibers form is mylar.", "pos": "Lead is a soft, malleable, and corrosion resistant material called.", "neg": "Popping popcorn action will result in a product with new chemical properties.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}342{"query": "Primary meristem does growth in length occur, above the root cap.", "pos": "Roots grow in length and width from the primary and secondary meristem.", "neg": "Young roots and leaves are the major sites of gibberellin production.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}343{"query": "The water cycle ends with it repeats itself.", "pos": "Precipitation are a natural process that allows water to return again to the earth’s surface.", "neg": "Water makes up most of  biological tissues.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}344{"query": "Uniform intermolecular forces do crystals have relatively sharp and well-defined melting points.", "pos": "Compound does the precise pattern of a crystal depend on.", "neg": "Some compounds form rigid frameworks called crystals.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}345{"query": "Mutations are changes to an organism’s dna and are an important driver of diversity in populations.", "pos": "Mutation is essential in order for evolution to occur because it increases genetic variation and the potential for individuals to differ.", "neg": "Multiple genes mutations is usually necessary to develop cancer.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}346{"query": "Many enzymes are simple proteins consisting entirely of one or more amino acid chains.", "pos": "The enzyme pepsin plays an important role in the digestion of proteins by breaking down intact protein to peptides short-chain amino acids.", "neg": "Methyl groups are found within amino acids.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}347{"query": "A catalytic converter filters pollutants in exhaust created by burning fossil fuels before releasing it into the air.", "pos": "Co2 gas is released into the atmosphere when fossil fuels are burned.", "neg": "Are cats more active at night than during the day? of the following questions is testable in a scientific investigation.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}348{"query": "Screws move objects to a higher elevation by increasing force applied.", "pos": "In machines that increase force, such as ramps and doorknobs and nutcrackers, output is greater is the relation between output and input force.", "neg": "Hail during a storm describes water in a solid state.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}349{"query": "Bioluminescence is an example of metabolic type of activity that is carried out by a cell and is precisely coordinated and controlled.", "pos": "Phototrophs capture light energy and convert it to chemical energy inside its cell.", "neg": "Cells are the  basic building blocks of the human body.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}350{"query": "Collisions between hydrogen atoms demonstrate one form of nuclear fusion.", "pos": "Collision theory states that chemical reactions occur when atoms, ions, or molecules collide.", "neg": "The sun mostly made up of the element hydrogen.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}351{"query": "Right-end zeros do we call zeros that appear after nonzero digits.", "pos": "Zeros that appear in front of all of the nonzero digits are called left-end zeros.", "neg": "The right atrium of the heart receives the blood is pumped from veins of the systemic circuit.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}352{"query": "Gap genes controls the shape of a developing zygote early in its development.", "pos": "Gap genes is the term for genes that control the expression of other genes within specific regions of cells in the developing organism.", "neg": "Young roots and leaves are the major sites of gibberellin production.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}353{"query": "Cracks forming in a boulder of the following can be caused by weathering.", "pos": "The rising and sinking of these can cause precipitation?", "neg": "Stress is applied to a rock to make it bend and flow.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}354{"query": "If two chlorine atoms share their unpaired electrons by making a covalent bond and forming cl2, they can each complete their valence shell.", "pos": "A(n) an ionic bond forms when the metal sodium gives up an electron to the nonmetal chlorine.", "neg": "Chemical energy is stored in the atom bonds.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}355{"query": "The precapillary sphincters regulate(s) the passage of blood into capillary beds.", "pos": "When the smooth muscle relaxes, the arterioles dilate, allowing blood to enter the capillaries.", "neg": "The ileocecal valve, a sphincter, is usually in a constricted state, but when motility in the ileum increases, this sphincter relaxes, allowing food residue to enter the first portion of large intestine.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}356{"query": "There are four chambers in the heart.", "pos": "There are four valves in the heart.", "neg": "A desmosome is a cell structure that anchors the ends of cardiac muscle fibers together.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}357{"query": "Gas has no definite volume and no definite shape.", "pos": "The gas form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.", "neg": "One function of the cardiovascular system is to transport gases throughout the body.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}358{"query": "Control rods play an important role in the modulation of the nuclear chain reaction.", "pos": "Carefully controlling the speed of a fission reaction produces nuclear kind of energy.", "neg": "Rod is the general shape of centrioles.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}359{"query": "Plantar reflex is commonly tested in newborn infants to establish the presence of neuromuscular function.", "pos": "A connection to the placenta is required for a newborn baby to begin breathing.", "neg": "Foresters commonly inoculate pine seedlings with a type of fungi to promote growth.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}360{"query": "Acne and different types of cancer can affect skin large organ.", "pos": "Epithelial cells are found in skin body organ.", "neg": "The skin is made of two layers: epidermis and dermis.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}361{"query": "Nervous system system is capable of responding quickly to changing situations.", "pos": "The integumentary system helps regulate body temperature through its tight association with sympathetic nervous system system involved in our fight-or-flight responses.", "neg": "Reflexes normal bodily occurrence can cause skeletal muscles to involuntarily contract.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}362{"query": "Uranus is so faint because it is far away.", "pos": "Uranus is the least massive outer planet.", "neg": "The nucleus is comprised primarily of empty space.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}363{"query": "As a result of cellular respiration, energy for cell processes is released.", "pos": "Ccarbon dioxide and water vapor that is produced by cellular respiration is released through exhalation.", "neg": "Phototrophs capture light energy and convert it to chemical energy inside their cell.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}364{"query": "After a massive eruption, a mountain collapsing above an empty chamber will create a caldera.", "pos": "When magma reaches the surface through cracks in the earth's crust, a volcanic eruption occurs.", "neg": "The nucleus is comprised primarily of empty space.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}365{"query": "The title chiropractor chiropractors is used to describe health professionals who use nonsurgical techniques to help patients with musculoskeletal system problems that involve the bones, muscles, ligaments, tendons, or nervous system.", "pos": "Respiratory therapists or respiratory practitioners evaluate and treat patients diseases affecting lung, heart, and blood vessels part of the body.", "neg": "You can find sodium acetate in a heat pack.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}366{"query": "Pauropods, presumed relatives of millipedes usually found in soil, leaf litter and other moist places, live on all continents except antarctica.", "pos": "Bees are naturalized on every continent except antarctica.", "neg": "No reaction happens when alkanes are mixed with oxygen at room temperature.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}367{"query": "The stem is the basic structure that holds plants upright, allowing plants to get the sunlight and air they need.", "pos": "Stem basic structure holds plants upright, bears leaves and other structures, and transports fluids between roots and leaves.", "neg": "Photosynthetic process is magnesium important to.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}368{"query": "The two basic types of competition are called instraspecifc and interspecific competition.", "pos": "Animal behavior is the way animals act either alone or with other animals called.", "neg": "Competive exclusion princple explains why two different species cannot occupy the same niche in the same place for very long.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}369{"query": "The pleura that surrounds the lungs consists of two layers.", "pos": "There are four chambers in the heart.", "neg": "In the human body, the intersection where the paths for air and food cross is called pharynx.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}370{"query": "Density allows cut logs to float on water.", "pos": "Buoyant force makes objects seem lighter in water.", "neg": "Density describes how much matter is in a certain amount of space.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}371{"query": "A synthetic diamond is not considered a mineral because minerals must be created naturally.", "pos": "You call a substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions an element.", "neg": "Using nutrients and growing are common to all living things.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}372{"query": "A volcano chain is formed by subduction of oceanic crust beneath a continental or oceanic plate.", "pos": "At a convergent plate boundary, when one plate is oceanic, there are large volcanoes.", "neg": "This process usually takes the longest amount of time: an ocean basin forms between two continents.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}373{"query": "Heredity is the science of how traits are passed from parents to offspring.", "pos": "Inherited traits are features that are passed from one generation to the next.", "neg": "It is an inherited behavior that maintains the population statement explains why most salmon leave salt water and return to fresh water.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}374{"query": "The term cardiac output, calculated by multiplying heart contractions by stroke volume, means the volume of blood pumped by the heart in one minute.", "pos": "Arterial blood pressure is highest when the heart contracts during ventricular systole.", "neg": "A desmosome is a cell structure that anchors the ends of cardiac muscle fibers together.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}375{"query": "The skin are pressure receptors mainly found.", "pos": "Nerve cells that sense touch are found mainly skin.", "neg": "The skin is made of two layers: epidermis and dermis.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}376{"query": "Local winds type of winds blow over a limited area.", "pos": "Local winds are winds that blow over a limited area called.", "neg": "In the body, chemical digestion mainly takes place in the small intestine.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}377{"query": "In humans, the sperm cell is the only cell with the  flagella structure that enables motility.", "pos": "The head of the sperm contains the nucleus.", "neg": "In a few species, chloroplast genes are inherited only from sperm.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}378{"query": "In unicellular organisms type of organisms are daughter cells individuals.", "pos": "Daughter cells divide by meiosis.", "neg": "Independent cells does the activity of an organism depend on the totality of.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}379{"query": "All of the populations that live in the same area make up a(n) community, which includes populations of different organisms.", "pos": "All the members of a species that live in the same area form a population.", "neg": "Using nutrients and growing are common to all living things.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}380{"query": "When gas particles heat up, pressure increase.", "pos": "When temperature increases but amount of gas and its pressure are constantvolume increases happens to the volume of the gas .", "neg": "A gas assumes the shape of its container.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}381{"query": "22 million many people die from air pollution each year.", "pos": "Nearly five million people die yearly due to air pollution.", "neg": "Air is made of atoms.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}382{"query": "You call a mixture of two or more substances in which dissolved particles are distributed evenly throughout a solution.", "pos": "Solution is the term for a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.", "neg": "One of the properties of an air mass is that an air mass has similar temperature and moisture properties throughout it.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}383{"query": "Many glasses eventually crystallize, rendering them brittle and this?", "pos": "Chemical sedimentary rocks forms when crystals precipitate out from a liquid.", "neg": "Crystals is used by sensitive systems to detect even low levels of radiation.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}384{"query": "When temperature increases but amount of gas and its pressure are constantvolume increases happens to the volume of the gas .", "pos": "As temperature increases, volume increases.", "neg": "Gases helps sound travel in waves.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}385{"query": "At the ridge is the youngest seafloor located.", "pos": "At ocean trench location are oceans the deepest.", "neg": "The rocks athe mid-ocean ridge are nearly free of sediment.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}386{"query": "Light waves which interfere with themselves after interaction with a small aperture or target are said to diffract.", "pos": "Diverging lens do you call a lens that causes the light rays to bend away from its axis.", "neg": "Refracted or scattered two ways may light be transmitted.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}387{"query": "Skeletal muscle cells and cardiac muscle cells share striations property, which is not shared by smooth muscle cells.", "pos": "Like skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle is striated.", "neg": "Most of the heat that enters the mesosphere comes from the stratosphere.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}388{"query": "Voltage is not the same as energy, but means the energy per unit charge.", "pos": "The difference in electric potential energy which allows for an electric charge to move from one position to another is measured by the volt si unit.", "neg": "Energy do ecosystems absorb on the earth.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}389{"query": "The sun would appear smaller and dimmer would the sun appear to an astronaut on pluto compared with how it looks from earth.", "pos": "Pluto is now called dwarf planet.", "neg": "Leaves respond to these environmental stimuli by producing less chlorophyll.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}390{"query": "The planets orbit around the sun.", "pos": "Planets are held by the force of gravity in elliptical orbits around sun.", "neg": "It takes about one year for earth to orbit the sun.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}391{"query": "Shield volcanoes often form along divergent plate boundaries locations.", "pos": "Volcanoes do convergent plate boundaries with trenches have.", "neg": "A volcano chain is formed by subduction of oceanic crust beneath a continental or oceanic plate.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}392{"query": "The voyager 1 spacecraft visited saturn in 1980.", "pos": "The eighth planet from our sun is neptune.", "neg": "Eight-membered rings does the stable form of sulfur at room temperature contain.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}393{"query": "Two plates sliding can increase the occurance of earthquakes.", "pos": "Earthquakes mark the motions of colliding plates and the locations where plates plunge into the mantle.", "neg": "Intraplate earthquakes occur because solid lithosphere travels on a round planet.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}394{"query": "The effect of acetylcholine in heart muscle is inhibitory rather than excitatory.", "pos": "Heart valves prevent the backflow of blood from happening in the heart.", "neg": "Human evolution shows that evolutionary changes typically occur at a slow pace.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}395{"query": "In harmonic motion there is always restorative force force, which acts in the opposite direction of the velocity.", "pos": "Symmetry in forces law states whenever one body exerts a force on a second body, the first body experiences a force that is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force that the first body exerts.", "neg": "Soil, for human purposes, is a(n) nonrenewable resource.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}396{"query": "Comprised mainly of collagen and associated with long bones and the skull, hyaline is the most widespread type of collagen.", "pos": "Ligaments is the term for tough protein fibers that connects bones to each other.", "neg": "Exact wavelength determines the color of visible light.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}397{"query": "Deposition occurs where the water motion slows.", "pos": "Sedimentation is the term for when clumped solids sink to the bottom of the water.", "neg": "Water makes up most of  biological tissues.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}398{"query": "Very low density is the concentration of gas molecules in the mesosphere.", "pos": "Molecules of gas are rare in exosphere outermost region of the planet's atmosphere.", "neg": "Gases is less dense then either solids or liquids.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}399{"query": "In invertebrates group of animals several forms of asexual reproduction are found.", "pos": "Trees send out rootlike extensions that produce new stems is an example of asexual reproduction.", "neg": "Chordates include vertebrates and invertebrates that have a notochord.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}400{"query": "An antibody can match one types of antigens.", "pos": "Complement proteins proteins bind to the surfaces of microorganisms and are particularly attracted to pathogens that are already tagged by the adaptive immune system.", "neg": "The thymus gland produces t cells.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}401{"query": "Epithelial cells cells continue the digestion and absorption of nutrients and transport these nutrients to the lymphatic and circulatory systems.", "pos": "The cardiovascular system moves nutrients and other substances throughout the body.", "neg": "The thymus gland produces t cells.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}402{"query": "The cranium (skull) protect(s) the brain.", "pos": "Cranium (skull) is the term for the skeletal structure of the head that supports the face and protects the brain.", "neg": "Rainfall weather phenomenon increases the rate of weathering in rock and soil.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}403{"query": "Hydrocarbons are combined with oxygen in a series of enzymatic steps to product water, carbon dioxide, and energy, which is stored in the form of reactive molecules.", "pos": "Combustion reactions involve the reaction of a hydrocarbon with oxygen gas to produce water and carbon dioxide.", "neg": "Chemical reactions follow the laws of thermodynamics.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}404{"query": "A(n) pathologist specializes in the laboratory detection of disease.", "pos": "An experiment is a controlled scientific test that often takes place in a lab.", "neg": "Like mitochondria, plastids contain their own dna.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}405{"query": "The two parameters used to measure changes in ecosystems are resistance and resilience.", "pos": "Biodiversity helps ensure that, at least, some species will survive environmental change.", "neg": "The ability of matter to combine chemically with other substances is known as reactivity.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}406{"query": "The light-sensing cells in the retina are called rods and cones.", "pos": "Brain and eyes are the organs work together to allow us to see.", "neg": "Rod is the general shape of centrioles.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}407{"query": "When your brain senses that your body temperature is increasing, it sends messages to the blood vessels in the skin to increase in diameter.", "pos": "Face and ears parts of a human possess the highest concentration of thermoreceptors.", "neg": "The pituitary gland is in the brain.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}408{"query": "Light reflection makes metals shiny.", "pos": "The metallic bond is responsible for the properties of metals.", "neg": "An exploding firework is seen before it is heard observation demonstrates that light waves travel much faster than sound waves.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}409{"query": "There are six types of leptons.", "pos": "There are four types of bosons.", "neg": "Ossification begins approximately six weeks after fertilization in an embryo.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}410{"query": "Like all chordates, vertebrates are animals with four defining traits, at least during embryonic stage.", "pos": "One of the main features all vetebrates have in common is a backbone.", "neg": "There are four classes of biochemical compounds.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}411{"query": "Tiltmeters are used to measure the angle of the slope of a volcano.", "pos": "Instruments that measure the angle of the slope of a volcano are called tilt meters.", "neg": "A volcano chain is formed by subduction of oceanic crust beneath a continental or oceanic plate.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}412{"query": "The innate immune system serves as a first responder to pathogenic threats that bypass natural physical and chemical barriers of the body.", "pos": "Neutrophils provide an early, rapid, and nonspecific defense against invading pathogens.", "neg": "Reflex behaviors are the only innate behaviors in humans.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}413{"query": "By color is the most common way to classify stars.", "pos": "A clade is one way of classifying organisms.", "neg": "Plankton is the most common life form in the ocean.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}414{"query": "The brain stem monitor(s) the level of carbon dioxide in the blood.", "pos": "The brain stem regulates the rate of breathing.", "neg": "Most of the gray matter is on the surface of the brain, surrounding white matter.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}415{"query": "In your body, the heart and lungs work together to make sure that oxygen gets to all the other organs of your body.", "pos": "Diaphragm, lungs, and trachea take air deep into the body and provide oxygen gas to the bloodstream.", "neg": "Air is a mixture of gases statement correctly describes a property of a type of matter.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}416{"query": "Transform fault type of earthquake has a shallow focus because the plates meet near the surface.", "pos": "Plates are thin , young , and hot causes earthquakes at mid-ocean ridges to be small and shallow.", "neg": "Earthquakes are found primarily in lines around the edges of some continents.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}417{"query": "Rna is studied to understand gene expression patterns in cells.", "pos": "Rna analysis type of analysis is performed to study gene expression patterns in cells.", "neg": "A ribosome consists of two elements, rrna and proteins.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}418{"query": "Most, if not all, of the extant animal phyla today evolved during the cambrian period, yet many of mass extinctions devastating events have taken place since then.", "pos": "Environmental changes is most responsible for the extinction of most species of plants and animals that have lived on earth.", "neg": "Large mutations is essential for forming new genes.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}419{"query": "Based on the passage, they may represent individual people is one conclusion archaeologists have reached about the statues.", "pos": "Based on the passage, to protect the emperor in the afterlife was the main purpose of the items found in the tomb complex.", "neg": "Individual is the term for an organism, or single living thing.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}420{"query": "Like all tetrapods except birds and mammals, frogs possess a heart with three chambers.", "pos": "There are three chambers in an amphibian heart.", "neg": "Lipids are available to the body from three sources.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}421{"query": "Nematodes can be a parasite of both.", "pos": "Plants face two types of enemies: herbivores and pathogens.", "neg": "Larva is the stage between a zygote and polyp.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}422{"query": "Rare earth metals do you call the set of seventeen chemical elements possessing particular importance for a variety of industrial processes, used frequently in modern technology.", "pos": "The element carbon on the periodic table forms the most diverse compounds.", "neg": "Sexually do roundworms reproduce.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}423{"query": "Am radio waves exist in the 540 to 1600 khz frequency range.", "pos": "Radio waves are the broad range of electromagnetic waves with the longest wavelengths and lowest frequencies.", "neg": "The ears are an external feature in human beings is responsible for balance.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}424{"query": "Organic substances, including proteins, carbohydrates, and oils, contain carbon.", "pos": "Living organisms are comprised of organic compounds, which are molecules built around carbon.", "neg": "Carbon has four valence electrons .", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}425{"query": "In sulfur dioxide (so2) form is atmospheric sulfur found.", "pos": "Hydrogen sulfide is a noxious and toxic gas produced from decaying organic matter that contains sulfur.", "neg": "The composition of the atmosphere has changed over the last 200 years primarily due to human activity.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}426{"query": "After infecting a host, some viruses enter the inactive state of latency.", "pos": "The term latency is used to describe viruses that live in a dormant state inside the body.", "neg": "Viruses are the most abundant type of biological entity on the earth.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}427{"query": "Conducting wires have a small degree of electrical resistance.", "pos": "In relation to electrical current, a narrow wire will have more resistance than a wide wire.", "neg": "The magnetic field produced by a  current in a wire moves in concentric circles.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}428{"query": "The local ecosystem may be disrupted is a disadvantage of using moving water to produce electricity.", "pos": "Ecosystem damage and loss of land is a possible disadvantage of using flowing water to produce electricity.", "neg": "Water makes up most of  biological tissues.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}429{"query": "Two is the minimum number of times a partial lunar eclipse will occur each year.", "pos": "Twice a year often do partial lunar eclipses occur.", "neg": "Photoautotrophs and chemoautotrophs are two basic types of autotrophs.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}430{"query": "A scallop is a(n) mollusk.", "pos": "A(n) gastropods is noted for having its eyes at the tips of stalks or tentacles that emerge from its head.", "neg": "Natural convection is driven by buoyant forces.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}431{"query": "A cell wall is found in a plant cell but not in an animal cell.", "pos": "A cell wall is not present in animal cells.", "neg": "No reaction happens when alkanes are mixed with oxygen at room temperature.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}432{"query": "Unlike wild animals, domestic species type of species are genetically uniform, making them more vulnerable to die-out from disease.", "pos": "Alleles that carry deadly diseases are usually recessive type.", "neg": "Catalyst gets poisoned happens if a molecule forms strong bonds to the catalyst.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}433{"query": "Nitrogen dioxide is a byproduct from the combustion of fossil fuels like coal and gasoline.", "pos": "Co2 gas is released into the atmosphere when fossil fuels are burned.", "neg": "Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}434{"query": "All cells have the small size in common.", "pos": "All cells share the characteristic that they need energy.", "neg": "A electron microscope is used to see extremely small objects.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}435{"query": "Blood enters the heart in atria valve.", "pos": "Blood from the body enters right atrium of the heart before it is pumped to the right ventricle and then to the lungs.", "neg": "When waves of two different frequencies interfere, beating occurs.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}436{"query": "A neutron collides with an atom of u-235 during the basic nuclear fission process.", "pos": "Radioactivity is the release of particles and/or energy from the nucleus of an atom.", "neg": "Fission takes place when an animal simply divides into two parts.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}437{"query": "Most tissues regulated by the autonomic nervous system receive both sympathetic and parasympathetic input from?", "pos": "The enteric nervous system provides intrinsic innervation, and the autonomic nervous system provides this?", "neg": "Energy it can not be destroyed.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}438{"query": "Soil, for human purposes, is a(n) nonrenewable resource.", "pos": "It is important to protect soil because it has nutrients used by plants to grow.", "neg": "Soil resource is considered nonrewable for human purposes, because it takes so long to form and is depleted by farming and other activities.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}439{"query": "More aquatic life will most likely result if there is increased upwelling in a coastal area.", "pos": "Upwelling is the term for when deep ocean water rises to the surface.", "neg": "The majority of species live in the ocean.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}440{"query": "A complex machine is described by: it is made of more than one simple machine.", "pos": "There are six types types of simple machines.", "neg": "When different types of tissues work together to perform a unique function, they form organ.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}441{"query": "Atoms of metals are good conductors of electricity because they give up electrons.", "pos": "Metal conducts heat and electricity so well because of free flowing electrons.", "neg": "In a hydrogen replacement reaction, the hydrogen in the acid is replaced by an active metal.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}442{"query": "Herbivores are heterotrophs that eat only or mainly plants.", "pos": "The heterotroph eats only or mainly plants.", "neg": "Photoautotrophs capture light energy, and use carbon dioxide as their carbon source.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}443{"query": "Rain is an example of liquid water.", "pos": "Hail during a storm describes water in a solid state.", "neg": "Rainfall weather phenomenon increases the rate of weathering in rock and soil.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}444{"query": "Compounds containing the element carbon are the basis of all known life.", "pos": "Carbon is the basis of all life on earth.", "neg": "Everywhere do archea live.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}445{"query": "Trans fats have been implicated in the presence of heart disease.", "pos": "Trans fat added to certain foods to keep them fresher longer, increase(s) the risk of heart disease.", "neg": "Trans fat is manufactured and added to foods to preserve freshness.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}446{"query": "Upwelling is the term for when deep ocean water rises to the surface.", "pos": "The pressure of ocean water increases rapidly as the water gets deeper.", "neg": "Depth and density influence the pressure of fluids.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}447{"query": "About one-fourth of the blood pumped with each heartbeat enters arteries serving intestines organs of digestion.", "pos": "The right atrium of the heart receives the blood is pumped from veins of the systemic circuit.", "neg": "Cells have four cycles.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}448{"query": "Prokaryotic organisms reproduce asexually through binary fission.", "pos": "Fragmentation asexual reproduction method do starfish use to reproduce.", "neg": "Superconductors are materials with a resistivity of zero.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}449{"query": "Water can be boiled to kill giardia and most other pathogens.", "pos": "Lymphocytes destroys the filtered pathogens.", "neg": "It boils water particles become hot enough to overcome the force of attraction between them, what happens to the water.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}450{"query": "The endoplasmic reticulum is the name of the organelle that helps make and transport proteins and lipids.", "pos": "The golgi apparatus is often compared to a post office, moving proteins and lipids to where they need to go.", "neg": "The reverse process of moving material into a cell is the process of exocytosis.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}451{"query": "Characterized by a short lifespan, leukocytes begin with production in the bone marrow under the influence of csfs and interleukins.", "pos": "Radioisotopes type of isotopes have short half-lives and are given in very low doses.", "neg": "In the body, chemical digestion mainly takes place in the small intestine.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}452{"query": "Behaviors that are closely controlled by genes and have little to no environmental influence are called innate behaviors.", "pos": "Instinctive behaviors like flying and mating types of incest behaviors are controlled by genes.", "neg": "It is an inherited behavior that maintains the population statement explains why most salmon leave salt water and return to fresh water.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}453{"query": "Continents are unable to be pushed down into the mantle by plate boundaries because of buoyancy.", "pos": "Antartica continent is the only one that reptiles don't inhabit.", "neg": "Water makes up most of  biological tissues.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}454{"query": "Mimivirus is the largest known virus.", "pos": "Bacteria are the most numerous species on the planet.", "neg": "Large mutations is essential for forming new genes.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}455{"query": "Lying with their mouths open, a behavior called gaping, probably serves the function of cooling down for crocodiles.", "pos": "Exemplified by baring teeth, aggressive type of displays are common in the animal kingdom, and sometimes serve as a 'bluff'.", "neg": "Geothermal energy energy is clean and does not release greenhouse gases.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}456{"query": "Natural selection works by selecting for alleles that confer beneficial traits or behaviors, while selecting against those for deleterious qualities.", "pos": "Natural selection is the process that allows organisms with better traits to survive and produce.", "neg": "Community interactions are important factors in natural selection.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}457{"query": "Metallic bonds hold together positive metal ions and their valence electrons.", "pos": "A metallic bond is the force of attraction between a positive metal ion and valence electrons.", "neg": "The metallic bond is responsible for the properties of metals.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}458{"query": "In a carbon triple bond, three pairs of electrons are shared.", "pos": "Four valence electrons can be found in a carbon atom.", "neg": "Sulfur can combine with oxygen to produce sulfur trioxide.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}459{"query": "Gap genes is the term for genes that control the expression of other genes within specific regions of cells in the developing organism.", "pos": "Gap genes controls the shape of a developing zygote early in its development.", "neg": "Through intercellular clefts do glucose, ions, and other larger molecules leave the blood.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}460{"query": "Ground tissue makes up most of the inside of a plant.", "pos": "Ground tissue type of tissue makes up much of the inside of a plant.", "neg": "A role of mushrooms in ecosystems is breaking down dead plant material.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}461{"query": "Gas phase is pure chlorine present as.", "pos": "Elements are pure substances that make up all matter.", "neg": "Gases helps sound travel in waves.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}462{"query": "Dentists occasionally use metallic mixtures called amalgams for fillings.", "pos": "Silver chloride can be used as an antidote for mercury kind of poisoning.", "neg": "Mandible controls the opening to the airway and gut.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}463{"query": "The element sulfur has the atomic number 16.", "pos": "Oxygen group is group 16 of the periodic table referred to.", "neg": "The soho spacecraft first started to operate in 1996.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}464{"query": "A(n) protein is formed when amino acids are linked together in a long chain.", "pos": "Proteins are long chains of amino acids.", "neg": "Proteins is needed to create muscles, regulate chemical reactions, and transport oxygen.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}465{"query": "Most metals exist as solids at room temperature.", "pos": "Solid form do alkali metals take at room temperature.", "neg": "During phase change, the temperature of a system remains constant.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}466{"query": "There are three chambers in a reptiles heart.", "pos": "There are three chambers in an amphibian heart.", "neg": "Sulfur can combine with oxygen to produce sulfur trioxide.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}467{"query": "The direction of the rotation of hurricanes is influenced by coriolis force force.", "pos": "The direction of prevailing winds determines the type of air mass that usually moves over an area.", "neg": "Some of the greatest concentrations of species are found in the tropics.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}468{"query": "A defining feature of deformed sedimentary rocks is that they are not horizontal.", "pos": "If a sedimentary rock layer is not horizontal, it is deformed.", "neg": "The law of superposition is best described by: in undisturbed layers of sedimentary rock, the lowest layers contain the older rocks.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}469{"query": "Bacterial and eukaryotic kind of cells are polyribosomes found in.", "pos": "Eukaryotes have nuclei and other membrane bound organelles.", "neg": "Bacteria and archaea are examples of prokaryotes.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}470{"query": "Seawater water is about 3.5% salt.", "pos": "A salt concentration of 32 percent is nearly ten times that of seawater abundant resource.", "neg": "Amount of salt are aquatic biomes often classified.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}471{"query": "About half of solar type of radiation is absorbed in the first 15 meters of water.", "pos": "Tanning salons claim to use a “safe” form of uv (ultraviolet) light, with a longer wavelength than that in sunlight.", "neg": "The energy stored in the organic molecules of food ultimately comes from the sun.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}472{"query": "Sickle-cell disease significantly impairs the function of circulatory system.", "pos": "Sickle cell diseas is caused by receccisve allele.", "neg": "Blood flow decrease when blood vessels constrict.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}473{"query": "When the water vapor from a hot shower contacts the cooler surface of a mirror, the result is that foggy mirror.", "pos": "Evaporation occurs when water on the surface changes to water vapor.", "neg": "Water and humidity is the critical factor for the survival of segmented worms.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}474{"query": "Heterotrophs is another name for consumers.", "pos": "Carnivores is the term for heterotrophs that eat only or mainly animals.", "neg": "Organisms that depend on other organisms for food play the role of a consumer in the food chain.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}475{"query": "Three many pairs of autosomes are there.", "pos": "The majority of human genes have two or more possible alleles.", "neg": "Sulfur can combine with oxygen to produce sulfur trioxide.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}476{"query": "The second step in eukaryotic cell division is division of nucleus part of the cell.", "pos": "Eukaryotic cell division involves mitosis and cytokinesis.", "neg": "Eukaryotic type of organisms have internal clocks that regulate cyclic processes.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}477{"query": "Matching donor and recipient blood types is important because different blood types have different types of antibodies.", "pos": "An antibody can match one types of antigens.", "neg": "Antibodies bind to foreign substances and attempt destruction.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}478{"query": "Air quality is a measure of pollutants in the air.", "pos": "Molds, pollen, and pet dander are examples of air pollution with biological sources.", "neg": "Air pollution causes acid rain, ozone depletion, and global warming.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}479{"query": "Two many more legs do spiders have compared to insects.", "pos": "Arachnids have 4 pairs of legs.", "neg": "Ice is the common term for water in its solid state.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}480{"query": "Visible light do jellyfish use to startle predators.", "pos": "Infared type of light can mosquitoes see.", "neg": "Producing light without a high temperature is called luminescence.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}481{"query": "Biochemical kind of tests may detect substances associated with particular disorders.", "pos": "An experiment is a controlled scientific test that often takes place in a lab.", "neg": "Biochemical compound is a carbon-based compound that is found in living things called.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}482{"query": "All types of cells are enclosed by a membrane.", "pos": "Biological membranes surround cells and serve to keep the insides separated from the outsides.", "neg": "During phase change, the temperature of a system remains constant.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}483{"query": "A collapsing nebula leads to nuclear fusion process.", "pos": "The core of a star collapses during a supernova, forming a neutron star.", "neg": "The nucleus of an atom is positive due to the presence of positively charged protons.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}484{"query": "Volume is a measure of the amount of space that a substance or an object occupies.", "pos": "The term volume is used to describe the amount of space occupied by a sample of matter.", "neg": "Space efficiency is the major selective advantage of myelination.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}485{"query": "Specific scents are often associated with memories.", "pos": "Smell of these senses lets dora know when a skunk has been close to her house.", "neg": "Strong odor helps some animals defend themselves against predators.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}486{"query": "In circles way do particles of water move in deep water.", "pos": "Deep currents are convection currents that occur far below the surface of the ocean called.", "neg": "Water are most cells surrounded by.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}487{"query": "The depth of the atmosphere is greatest sea level.", "pos": "Because most gas particles in the atmosphere are concentrated close to earth's surface, air pressure is greatest at sea level.", "neg": "Depth and density influence the pressure of fluids.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}488{"query": "Joints are the location where bones come together.", "pos": "You call the part of the skeletal system that connects bones joints.", "neg": "Changing the shape of an elastic material gives it potential energy.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}489{"query": "Peristalsis is necessary for digestion basic bodily function.", "pos": "Moves food wastes human bodily function does cellulose help with.", "neg": "Fundus of the stomach is the food stored before being mixed with the chyme.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}490{"query": "Higher type of temperatures increase the likelihood of fires.", "pos": "Fires, mainly caused by lightning, are a natural disturbance in temperate grasslands.", "neg": "It is liquid at most temperatures on earth property of water is most important for living organisms.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}491{"query": "This statement best describes sandy soils: sandy soils allow water to drain quickly.", "pos": "Air is a mixture of gases statement correctly describes a property of a type of matter.", "neg": "You can generate hydroelectric power with the energy found in flowing water.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}492{"query": "Infancy is the first year of life following birth.", "pos": "The first year after birth is called infancy.", "neg": "Young roots and leaves are the major sites of gibberellin production.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}493{"query": "Increasing the distance between the two magnets will cause a decrease in the force of attraction between two magnets.", "pos": "Demagnetization is the process in which a magnet loses its magnetic properties.", "neg": "You call the carbohydrate formed when two monosaccharides bond together disaccharide.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}494{"query": "Rapid decrease is a trend that is occurring involving the extent of arctic sea ice in summer.", "pos": "Meltwater decreases, and the size of the glacier increases most likely happens when winter and summer temperatures are below normal and precipitation rates are above normal.", "neg": "Loss of energy is the reason that food chain typically has few levels.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}495{"query": "Many species of birds in new england fly south for the winter months to find an environment with more food.", "pos": "A change of season and less food usually cause certain animals to migrate.", "neg": "Birds and airplanes are aerofoils found.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}496{"query": "Visible light is the term for the wavelengths of light humans can see.", "pos": "Exact wavelength determines the color of visible light.", "neg": "Visible light do jellyfish use to startle predators.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}497{"query": "Sulfur can combine with oxygen to produce sulfur trioxide.", "pos": "Hydrogen sulfide is a noxious and toxic gas produced from decaying organic matter that contains sulfur.", "neg": "Water contains 3 atoms.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}498{"query": "Organisms that depend on other organisms for food play the role of a consumer in the food chain.", "pos": "Consumers are members of an ecosystem food chain that take in food by eating producers or other living things.", "neg": "Loss of energy is the reason that food chain typically has few levels.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}499{"query": "An allele that's always expressed over another is a dominant allele.", "pos": "When represented by a single letter, dominant alleles are represented by uppercase letters.", "neg": "It is an inherited behavior that maintains the population statement explains why most salmon leave salt water and return to fresh water.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}500{"query": "Monosaccharides, particularly glucose, are major nutrients for cells.", "pos": "Carbohydrates are an important group of biological molecules that includes sugars and starches.", "neg": "Glucose molecules molecules in the body holds energy.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}501{"query": "In a position-time graph, the slope of the line represents the velocity.", "pos": "Speed is the term for a scalar measure of how quickly an object is moving along this line.", "neg": "Slowing down causes light to refract.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}502{"query": "When explosion of gases creates pressure resulting in motion of a rocket, the force pushing the rocket is called thrust.", "pos": "Thrust is the force pushing a rocket.", "neg": "A gas assumes the shape of its container.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}503{"query": "Brass alloy is made from copper and zinc.", "pos": "Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin.", "neg": "In a hydrogen replacement reaction, the hydrogen in the acid is replaced by an active metal.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}504{"query": "An electormagnet is a piece of iron inside a solenoid.", "pos": "A solenoid or coil wrapped around iron or certain other metals can form a(n) electromagnet.", "neg": "Iron ions are critical for the formation of hemoglobin.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}505{"query": "During photosynthesis, energy from the sun is converted to glucose after entering a plant.", "pos": "Photosynthesis converts carbon dioxide and water into glucose.", "neg": "Monosaccharides, particularly glucose, are major nutrients for cells.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}506{"query": "When the phosphorus element - whose name means \"light bringing\" - was first isolated, scientists noted that it glowed in the dark and burned when exposed to air", "pos": "Photoemissive are materials that eject electrons when illuminated with light called.", "neg": "Phosphatase functions in removing phosphorylated amino acids from proteins.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}507{"query": "Esophagus, stomach, intestines are the structures that make up the digestive system in the human body.", "pos": "Gastric emptying is regulated by both the stomach and the duodenum.", "neg": "Air pollution causes acid rain, ozone depletion, and global warming.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}508{"query": "Electron dot diagrams kind of diagrams can be used to illustrate electron movements and ion formation.", "pos": "Chemists use simple diagrams to show an atom’s valence electrons and how they do transfer.", "neg": "The chemical behavior of elements can largely be explained by electron configurations.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}509{"query": "Carry out functions will the contraction of smooth muscles help organs do.", "pos": "Muscles need stimulus to contract.", "neg": "A(n) organ is a structure that is composed of one or more types of tissues.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}510{"query": "The earliest animals were aquatic kind of invertebrates.", "pos": "Amphibians (or tetrapods) were the first with four limbs.", "neg": "More aquatic life will most likely result if there is increased upwelling in a coastal area.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}511{"query": "2 pounds much can the bacteria in your gut weigh.", "pos": "Newton (n) is the si unit for weight.", "neg": "Weight is the result of the force of gravity being opposed by the normal force.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}512{"query": "The thick skin, found only on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet, has an extra layer.", "pos": "The nail bed is a specialized structure of the epidermis that is found at the tips of our fingers and toes.", "neg": "The skin are pressure receptors mainly found.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}513{"query": "Echinoderms lack centralized nervous system type of system that in humans consists of the brain and spinal cord.", "pos": "Adult humans lack some of the defining traits of chordates.", "neg": "No reaction happens when alkanes are mixed with oxygen at room temperature.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}514{"query": "The carotid artery takes blood to the brain.", "pos": "The cranium (skull) protect(s) the brain.", "neg": "Hair cells in the cochlea release neurotransmitters when they bend.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}515{"query": "Acetyl-coa is formed from the breakdown of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins else.", "pos": "Lipids are broken down by lipases.", "neg": "Stimulation of triglyceride breakdown is the first direct action of growth hormone.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}516{"query": "Iridescent green beetles, known as jewel beetles, change color because of the light-reflecting properties of the cells that make up this?", "pos": "When exposed to ultraviolet, some substances, such as minerals, glow in characteristic visible wavelengths, in a process called fluorescence.", "neg": "Energy it can not be destroyed.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}517{"query": "Electrons in the outer energy level of an atom are called valence electrons.", "pos": "Electrons in inner shells are called core electrons.", "neg": "Hydrogen chloride is a covalent compound.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}518{"query": "The most basic division of land plants is between nonvascular and vascular plants.", "pos": "Seedless and seed are the two divisions of vascular plants.", "neg": "The ground tissue system has neither dermal nor vascular tissues.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}519{"query": "Particle accelerators can nuclear fusion in stars be simulated.", "pos": "Nuclear fusion, which results because of great pressure at the center of a star, causes stars to shine.", "neg": "They can exist in the form of atoms or molecules of the following is not a description of compounds.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}520{"query": "Water molds mostly live in water or moist soil.", "pos": "Soluble minerals and clays accumulate in subsoil soil layer, allowing it to hold more water.", "neg": "Water and humidity is the critical factor for the survival of segmented worms.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}521{"query": "Bloodsucking parasites are nearly all ticks that live on the body surfaces of reptiles or mammals.", "pos": "Sporozoites are the cells caused that parasites spread through their host.", "neg": "A human cannot survive the loss of the liver of the following.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}522{"query": "Heat and light two forms of energy could best be used to increase the temperature of a sheet of copper.", "pos": "Conduction is the transfer of thermal energy between particles of matter that are touching called.", "neg": "When light meets matter, it may be reflected, transmitted, or absorbed.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}523{"query": "Time, mass, length, and temperature are considered to be base units.", "pos": "Dimensional analysis is used to carry out metric unit conversions.", "neg": "If a substance has a ph value greater than 7,that indicates that it is base.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}524{"query": "Ocean ridges formed by marine invertebrates living in warm shallow waters within the photic zone of the ocean are called coral reefs.", "pos": "Salt-water biomes in the ocean are called marine biomes.", "neg": "This process usually takes the longest amount of time: an ocean basin forms between two continents.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}525{"query": "Photoemissive are materials that eject electrons when illuminated with light called.", "pos": "When electrons return to a lower energy level, they emit the excess energy in the form of light.", "neg": "A white dog has a puppy with white fur statement is an example of an inherited trait in a living thing.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}526{"query": "Science is a process of knowing about the natural universe through observation and experimentation.", "pos": "The scientific method deals with systematic investigation, reproducible results, the formation and testing of hypotheses, and induction and deduction two categories of reasoning.", "neg": "The process for developing knowledge is called science.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}527{"query": "Compound machines type of machines generally have lower efficiency but greater mechanical advantage.", "pos": "Another measure of the effectiveness of a machine is its mechanical advantage.", "neg": "Mechanical waves term describes waves that travel through matter.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}528{"query": "The chemistry of each element is determined by its number of protons and electrons.", "pos": "The chemical behavior of elements can largely be explained by electron configurations.", "neg": "Chemistry is based on the modern atomic theory, which states that all matter is composed of atoms.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}529{"query": "Hydration reaction kind of reaction adds water to an organic molecule and breaks the large molecule into smaller molecules.", "pos": "Composition reaction type of reaction causes two substances to combine to make a single substance.", "neg": "Water are most cells surrounded by.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}530{"query": "The cardiovascular system in the human body consists of the heart, a network of blood vessels, and blood.", "pos": "The cardiovascular system moves nutrients and other substances throughout the body.", "neg": "Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the united states.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}531{"query": "Cholesterol type of molecules help the plasma membrane keep its shape.", "pos": "Molecules of cholesterol helps the plasma membrane keep its shape.", "neg": "High consumption of saturated fats is linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}532{"query": "The motor system consists of neurons that carry signals to skeletal muscles.", "pos": "Muscle groups are controlled by the motor cortex .", "neg": "Hair cells in the cochlea release neurotransmitters when they bend.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}533{"query": "Carbohydrate contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of 1:2:1.", "pos": "Hydrocarbons are made of one carbon and four hydrogen atoms.", "neg": "Carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}534{"query": "In physics, resistance is opposition to the flow of electrical charges.", "pos": "You call materials that have high resistance to electric current electric insulators.", "neg": "Electrical force has negative attraction.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}535{"query": "The separation of compounds on the basis of their solubilities in a given solvent is known as fractional crystallization.", "pos": "Fractional crystallization is the separation of compounds on the basis of their solubilities in a given solvent.", "neg": "The majority of solids are crystalline in nature.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}536{"query": "Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons.", "pos": "Four is the most electron-pair bonds a nitrogen atom can participate in.", "neg": "Group 15 of the periodic table is also called nitrogen group.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}537{"query": "The third trimester is associated with rapid fetal growth.", "pos": "The fetal period lasts approximately 30 weeks weeks.", "neg": "Sulfur can combine with oxygen to produce sulfur trioxide.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}538{"query": "Ice masses, acquifers, and the deep ocean are examples of water reservoirs.", "pos": "Deep currents are convection currents that occur far below the surface of the ocean called.", "neg": "Most red algae species live in oceans.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}539{"query": "Weight is the result of the force of gravity being opposed by the normal force.", "pos": "Weight is the force of gravity.", "neg": "Newton (n) is the si unit for weight.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}540{"query": "Excessive bending stress usually causes fractures on a bone.", "pos": "Sideways impact or bending are the primary causes of bone fractures.", "neg": "Stress effect does changing temperature have on a system at equilibrium.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}541{"query": "Scientific law term describes a specific statement that is thought to be never violated by the entire natural universe.", "pos": "In science, something that always applies under the same conditions is called a scientific law.", "neg": "During phase change, the temperature of a system remains constant.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}542{"query": "The first year after birth is called infancy.", "pos": "Infancy is the first year of life following birth.", "neg": "Behaviors that are closely controlled by genes and have little to no environmental influence are called innate behaviors.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}543{"query": "Volvox sphere has a distinct front and back end.", "pos": "A convex mirror is shaped like the outside of a bowl.", "neg": "Each silicon atom shares four many valence electrons with other silicon atoms in a crystal.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}544{"query": "A jellyfish does not have a circulatory system.", "pos": "A cell wall is not present in animal cells.", "neg": "Blood flow decrease when blood vessels constrict.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}545{"query": "Presence of defect mtdna and undefected mtdna increases the chances of someone inheriting a mitochondrial disease.", "pos": "Alterations of chromosome causes genetic disorders in humans.", "neg": "Changes to chromosomes that delete, disrupt, or rearrange many loci at once are usually harmful.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}546{"query": "Fixed joints do not allow any movement of the bones.", "pos": "Dense collagen secures together immovable joints and prevents them from moving.", "neg": "No reaction happens when alkanes are mixed with oxygen at room temperature.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}547{"query": "Trichomoniasis is cause by a protozoa.", "pos": "Chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis are examples of bacterial stis.", "neg": "Multiple fission is more often observed among protists.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}548{"query": "A solution forms when a solute dissolves in a solvent.", "pos": "A solution forms when one substance dissolves into another.", "neg": "All solutions contain at least two substances.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}549{"query": "Flowers pollinated by wind generally lack brightly colored parts.", "pos": "Desynchronized plants are shut off from environmental cues they become.", "neg": "It is slow is said about the speed of rotation in systems that create tornadoes.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}550{"query": "One of the earliest air pumps was made by robert boyle.", "pos": "Galileo built the first telescope.", "neg": "Reducing the number of molecules in a rigid container causes pressure to decrease.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}551{"query": "Momentum an action and reaction occur, what is transferred from one object to the other, yet in combination it remains the same.", "pos": "Momentum is directly related to both mass and velocity.", "neg": "Change in momentum in an object is equivalent to impulse .", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}552{"query": "It may seem as though burning destroys matter, but the same amount of what, still exists after a campfire as before?", "pos": "The mass remains the same does burning matter affect its mass.", "neg": "The action of burning a piece of wood forms a different chemical substance.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}553{"query": "Topsoil layer of soil usually does not have very small particles like clay.", "pos": "Topsoil layer of soil, essential for farming, has the highest proportion of organic material.", "neg": "The law of superposition is best described by: in undisturbed layers of sedimentary rock, the lowest layers contain the older rocks.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}554{"query": "It takes earth one week to rotate on its axis seven times.", "pos": "It takes 24 hours for the earth to make a complete rotation of its axis.", "neg": "It takes about one year for earth to orbit the sun.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}555{"query": "The amount of food available in the area best determines the number of wolves that can live in an area.", "pos": "A fewer predators is most likely to cause the number of rabbits living in an area to increase.", "neg": "A(n) carnivore is at the top of the energy pyramid.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}556{"query": "Stationary front weather phenomenon, which may bring clouds and precipitation, is created by stalled air masses.", "pos": "Clouds form(s) when water vapor condenses in the air around specs of matter.", "neg": "Cloud of these can make a shadow on the ground during the day.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}557{"query": "Interconnected pathways through which carbon is recycled through the biotic and abiotic components of biosphere.", "pos": "Biotic and abiotic type of components of the biosphere do chemical elements and water pass through during ecosystem recycle.", "neg": "A primary role of decomposers in an ecosystem is that they cycle matter by returning carbon and other matter to the ecosystem.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}558{"query": "You can expect stormy if a center of low pressure is moving your way.", "pos": "Cloudy conditions will most likely result from a low-pressure weather system.", "neg": "Hail during a storm describes water in a solid state.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}559{"query": "A covalent network solid is a compound in which all of the atoms are connected to one another by covalent bonds.", "pos": "The atoms of a compound are held together by chemical bonds.", "neg": "Chemical energy is stored in the atom bonds.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}560{"query": "Renewable energy sources emit fewer or no greenhouse gases.", "pos": "Geothermal energy energy is clean and does not release greenhouse gases.", "neg": "Nonbinding of repressor protein lactose is present in the cell, what allows the lac genes to be expressed.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}561{"query": "Interstitial carbides are produced by the reaction of most transition metals at high temperatures with carbon element.", "pos": "Silicon and germanium react with nitrogen at high temperature to form nitrides.", "neg": "Induced or spontaneous are the two methods in which mutations arise in dna.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}562{"query": "Mechanical waves term describes waves that travel through matter.", "pos": "Three ways that waves may interact with matter are reflection, refraction, and diffraction.", "neg": "Another measure of the effectiveness of a machine is its mechanical advantage.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}563{"query": "Ultimately, most life forms get their energy from the sun.", "pos": "Most of the energy used by living things comes either directly or indirectly from the sun.", "neg": "The surface of the sun is much hotter than almost anything on earth.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}564{"query": "Lyme disease is caused by bacteria.", "pos": "Trichomoniasis is cause by a protozoa.", "neg": "Bacteria are the most numerous species on the planet.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}565{"query": "Because most gas particles in the atmosphere are concentrated close to earth's surface, air pressure is greatest at sea level.", "pos": "The depth of the atmosphere is greatest sea level.", "neg": "Reducing the number of molecules in a rigid container causes pressure to decrease.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}566{"query": "The octet rule is a result of trends in energies and is useful in explaining why atoms form the ions that they do.", "pos": "The chemical behavior of elements can largely be explained by electron configurations.", "neg": "The eight sides of an octahedra are in the shape of a triangles.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}567{"query": "The liquid in a thermometer expands or contracts to respond to heat or cold.", "pos": "Stress effect does changing temperature have on a system at equilibrium.", "neg": "The term volume means the amount of space matter takes up.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}568{"query": "As the population grows, competition for food grows.", "pos": "Competition strengthens while the population contracts happens to a population and to competition when there is a reduction of living space.", "neg": "Population is the unit of evolution.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}569{"query": "Surface tension is responsible for the fact that small insects can walk on water.", "pos": "Fish use some of their fins to propel themselves through the water and some of their fins to steer.", "neg": "Water makes up most of  biological tissues.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}570{"query": "Ocean waves are mainly caused by wind.", "pos": "Most ocean waves are caused by wind.", "neg": "The majority of species live in the ocean.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}571{"query": "Building new homes in a wetland of these is most likely harmful to an ecosystem.", "pos": "Cutting grass with a gas-powered lawnmower of these does the most harm to the air.", "neg": "Soil, for human purposes, is a(n) nonrenewable resource.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}572{"query": "Unpolarized light type of light is composed of many rays having random polarization directions.", "pos": "The sun and many other light sources produce waves that are randomly this?", "neg": "Polarization leads to the buildup of electric charges on objects.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}573{"query": "The iconic gray mantle of the human brain, which appears to make up most of the mass of the brain, is called the cerebrum.", "pos": "Most of the gray matter is on the surface of the brain, surrounding white matter.", "neg": "Muscle groups are controlled by the motor cortex .", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}574{"query": "One of the properties of an air mass is that an air mass has similar temperature and moisture properties throughout it.", "pos": "Air is a mixture of gases statement correctly describes a property of a type of matter.", "neg": "Phase is the term for a certain form of matter that has the same physical properties throughout.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}575{"query": "Crops are usually planted in rows with bare soil in between the rows.", "pos": "In places months crops grow only during part of the year, the land may be bare for a few.", "neg": "The law of superposition is best described by: in undisturbed layers of sedimentary rock, the lowest layers contain the older rocks.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}576{"query": "All scientific explanations and interpretations based on facts.", "pos": "Scientists explain the world based on observations.", "neg": "Exercising every day is an example of a good health habit.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}577{"query": "Chewing insects such as dragonflies and grasshoppers have two many sets of jaws.", "pos": "Two many more legs do spiders have compared to insects.", "neg": "Mandible controls the opening to the airway and gut.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}578{"query": "Mechanical waves can only trave through matter.", "pos": "Matter that mechanical wave energy can only travel through is medium.", "neg": "No reaction happens when alkanes are mixed with oxygen at room temperature.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}579{"query": "Like skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle is striated.", "pos": "Cardiac muscle makes up most of the heart.", "neg": "A desmosome is a cell structure that anchors the ends of cardiac muscle fibers together.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}580{"query": "The ability of matter to combine chemically with other substances is known as reactivity.", "pos": "A combination reaction is a reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a single new substance.", "neg": "Because of their reactivity, we do not find most representative metals as free elements in nature.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}581{"query": "Proper kidney function is essential for homeostasis of ph level, which in turn helps ensure the functioning of enzymes.", "pos": "Processing of filtrate in the proximal tubule helps maintain the ph level in body fluid.", "neg": "Acidic hydrogen atoms are those which will be transferred to a base.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}582{"query": "The law of parsimony is the scientific concept stating that when looking at two competing theories, the one with fewer assumptions should be chosen.", "pos": "Questioning claims based on their scientific verifiability rather than accepting claims based on faith or anecdotes is called scientific skepticism.", "neg": "The majority of chemical digestion occurs in the small intestine.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}583{"query": "A calorimeter is a device used to measure temperature changes during chemical processes called.", "pos": "Kilojoules are typically used to measure heats of reaction.", "neg": "The energy transformations that occur when a candle burns is described by: chemical energy from the wax is converted into light and heat energy.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}584{"query": "Arachnids have 4 pairs of legs.", "pos": "Two many more legs do spiders have compared to insects.", "neg": "Nitrogen gas comprises about three-fourths of earth's atmosphere.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}585{"query": "Pollen do bees carry from one plant to another to facilitate plant growth and development.", "pos": "Stem basic plant structure facilitates dispersal of pollen and fruit by raising reproductive structures.", "neg": "After the pollen tube does the diploid zygote form.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}586{"query": "Deep currents are convection currents that occur far below the surface of the ocean called.", "pos": "Deep currents are caused by differences in density at the top and bottom of the ocean.", "neg": "This process usually takes the longest amount of time: an ocean basin forms between two continents.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}587{"query": "Gravity force increases a slide downhill and decreases a slide uphill.", "pos": "Gravity causes rocks to roll downhill.", "neg": "High gravity explains the spherical shape of ceres, once thought to be the largest asteroid.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}588{"query": "At least 20 percent of the world’s people do not have a ready supply of clean drinking water.", "pos": "Most people can survive only a few days without water.", "neg": "The photic zone extends 200 meters deep.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}589{"query": "Brain and eyes are the organs work together to allow us to see.", "pos": "In your body, the heart and lungs work together to make sure that oxygen gets to all the other organs of your body.", "neg": "Caffeine and alcohol are two examples of a psychoactive.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}590{"query": "Metabolic enzymes catalyze catabolic reactions that break down carbohydrates.", "pos": "Catabolic reactions involve breaking bonds.", "neg": "Like acetic acid, pentanoic acid is carboxylic kind of acid.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}591{"query": "One large eggs are generated during oogenesis.", "pos": "Mammals have four limbs and produce amniotic eggs.", "neg": "The cells of the blastocyst form an inner cell mass called the embryoblast.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}592{"query": "At ocean trench location are oceans the deepest.", "pos": "Oldest crust lies deep inside the ocean.", "neg": "This process usually takes the longest amount of time: an ocean basin forms between two continents.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}593{"query": "Degree of dna coiling determines the length and thickness of dna chromosomes.", "pos": "Genes, or functional units of chromosomes, determine specific characteristics by coding for specific proteins.", "neg": "An electron moves to a shell farther from the nucleus after it absorbs energy.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}594{"query": "Transforming from a caterpillar to a butterfly requires a lot of energy.", "pos": "The adult cells that form the butterfly begin growing in embryo developmental stage.", "neg": "Potential energy is stored in an object because of its position or shape.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}595{"query": "Deletions remove one or more nucleotides from the dna", "pos": "Exons are cut out before mrna leaves the nucleus.", "neg": "Removed happens to energy when work is done by a system.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}596{"query": "When the ground absorbs the water and it settles below the surface it is called groundwater.", "pos": "Water seeping into the ground is known as infiltration.", "neg": "Water makes up most of  biological tissues.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}597{"query": "Global air currents creates wet and dry zones at different latitudes.", "pos": "Rising and sinking air influences precipitation in a region.", "neg": "Air is made of atoms.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}598{"query": "Each pollen grain has two coverings: the exine (thicker, outer layer) and the intine.", "pos": "Sporopollenin protects the pollen of seed plants and spores of seedless plants.", "neg": "After the pollen tube does the diploid zygote form.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}599{"query": "Pheromones enable communication, which is vital for organisms like ants that live in a large community.", "pos": "Pheromones are released into the environment for communication between animals of the same species.", "neg": "For social animals, communication essential.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}600{"query": "Amphibians sexually reproduce through external or internal fertilization.", "pos": "Reptiles typically reproduce sexually.", "neg": "Sexual reproduction process is a cause of variation in a species.", "instruction": "Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input."}601