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README.md149 linesDownload Raw Back to punycode
1# Punycode.js [![punycode on npm](https://img.shields.io/npm/v/punycode)](https://www.npmjs.com/package/punycode) [![](https://data.jsdelivr.com/v1/package/npm/punycode/badge)](https://www.jsdelivr.com/package/npm/punycode)2 3Punycode.js is a robust Punycode converter that fully complies to [RFC 3492](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3492) and [RFC 5891](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5891).4 5This JavaScript library is the result of comparing, optimizing and documenting different open-source implementations of the Punycode algorithm:6 7* [The C example code from RFC 3492](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3492#appendix-C)8* [`punycode.c` by _Markus W. Scherer_ (IBM)](http://opensource.apple.com/source/ICU/ICU-400.42/icuSources/common/punycode.c)9* [`punycode.c` by _Ben Noordhuis_](https://github.com/bnoordhuis/punycode/blob/master/punycode.c)10* [JavaScript implementation by _some_](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/183485/can-anyone-recommend-a-good-free-javascript-for-punycode-to-unicode-conversion/301287#301287)11* [`punycode.js` by _Ben Noordhuis_](https://github.com/joyent/node/blob/426298c8c1c0d5b5224ac3658c41e7c2a3fe9377/lib/punycode.js) (note: [not fully compliant](https://github.com/joyent/node/issues/2072))12 13This project was [bundled](https://github.com/joyent/node/blob/master/lib/punycode.js) with Node.js from [v0.6.2+](https://github.com/joyent/node/compare/975f1930b1...61e796decc) until [v7](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/7941) (soft-deprecated).14 15This project provides a CommonJS module that uses ES2015+ features and JavaScript module, which work in modern Node.js versions and browsers. For the old Punycode.js version that offers the same functionality in a UMD build with support for older pre-ES2015 runtimes, including Rhino, Ringo, and Narwhal, see [v1.4.1](https://github.com/mathiasbynens/punycode.js/releases/tag/v1.4.1).16 17## Installation18 19Via [npm](https://www.npmjs.com/):20 21```bash22npm install punycode --save23```24 25In [Node.js](https://nodejs.org/):26 27> ⚠️ Note that userland modules don't hide core modules.28> For example, `require('punycode')` still imports the deprecated core module even if you executed `npm install punycode`.29> Use `require('punycode/')` to import userland modules rather than core modules.30 31```js32const punycode = require('punycode/');33```34 35## API36 37### `punycode.decode(string)`38 39Converts a Punycode string of ASCII symbols to a string of Unicode symbols.40 41```js42// decode domain name parts43punycode.decode('maana-pta'); // 'mañana'44punycode.decode('--dqo34k'); // '☃-⌘'45```46 47### `punycode.encode(string)`48 49Converts a string of Unicode symbols to a Punycode string of ASCII symbols.50 51```js52// encode domain name parts53punycode.encode('mañana'); // 'maana-pta'54punycode.encode('☃-⌘'); // '--dqo34k'55```56 57### `punycode.toUnicode(input)`58 59Converts a Punycode string representing a domain name or an email address to Unicode. Only the Punycoded parts of the input will be converted, i.e. it doesn’t matter if you call it on a string that has already been converted to Unicode.60 61```js62// decode domain names63punycode.toUnicode('xn--maana-pta.com');64// → 'mañana.com'65punycode.toUnicode('xn----dqo34k.com');66// → '☃-⌘.com'67 68// decode email addresses69punycode.toUnicode('джумла@xn--p-8sbkgc5ag7bhce.xn--ba-lmcq');70// → 'джумла@джpумлатест.bрфa'71```72 73### `punycode.toASCII(input)`74 75Converts a lowercased Unicode string representing a domain name or an email address to Punycode. Only the non-ASCII parts of the input will be converted, i.e. it doesn’t matter if you call it with a domain that’s already in ASCII.76 77```js78// encode domain names79punycode.toASCII('mañana.com');80// → 'xn--maana-pta.com'81punycode.toASCII('☃-⌘.com');82// → 'xn----dqo34k.com'83 84// encode email addresses85punycode.toASCII('джумла@джpумлатест.bрфa');86// → 'джумла@xn--p-8sbkgc5ag7bhce.xn--ba-lmcq'87```88 89### `punycode.ucs2`90 91#### `punycode.ucs2.decode(string)`92 93Creates an array containing the numeric code point values of each Unicode symbol in the string. While [JavaScript uses UCS-2 internally](https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/javascript-encoding), this function will convert a pair of surrogate halves (each of which UCS-2 exposes as separate characters) into a single code point, matching UTF-16.94 95```js96punycode.ucs2.decode('abc');97// → [0x61, 0x62, 0x63]98// surrogate pair for U+1D306 TETRAGRAM FOR CENTRE:99punycode.ucs2.decode('\uD834\uDF06');100// → [0x1D306]101```102 103#### `punycode.ucs2.encode(codePoints)`104 105Creates a string based on an array of numeric code point values.106 107```js108punycode.ucs2.encode([0x61, 0x62, 0x63]);109// → 'abc'110punycode.ucs2.encode([0x1D306]);111// → '\uD834\uDF06'112```113 114### `punycode.version`115 116A string representing the current Punycode.js version number.117 118## For maintainers119 120### How to publish a new release121 1221. On the `main` branch, bump the version number in `package.json`:123 124    ```sh125    npm version patch -m 'Release v%s'126    ```127 128    Instead of `patch`, use `minor` or `major` [as needed](https://semver.org/).129 130    Note that this produces a Git commit + tag.131 1321. Push the release commit and tag:133 134    ```sh135    git push && git push --tags136    ```137 138    Our CI then automatically publishes the new release to npm, under both the [`punycode`](https://www.npmjs.com/package/punycode) and [`punycode.js`](https://www.npmjs.com/package/punycode.js) names.139 140## Author141 142| [![twitter/mathias](https://gravatar.com/avatar/24e08a9ea84deb17ae121074d0f17125?s=70)](https://twitter.com/mathias "Follow @mathias on Twitter") |143|---|144| [Mathias Bynens](https://mathiasbynens.be/) |145 146## License147 148Punycode.js is available under the [MIT](https://mths.be/mit) license.149