garywelz/programming_framework
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1<!DOCTYPE html>2<html lang="en">3<head>4 <meta charset="UTF-8">5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">6 <title>Chemistry Batch 12: Spectroscopy & Analysis - Programming Framework</title>7 <style>8 body {9 font-family: 'Segoe UI', Tahoma, Geneva, Verdana, sans-serif;10 line-height: 1.6;11 margin: 0;12 padding: 20px;13 background: white;14 color: #333;15 }16 .container {17 max-width: 1200px;18 margin: 0 auto;19 background: white;20 padding: 2rem;21 }22 h1, h2, h3 {23 color: #2c3e50;24 margin-top: 2rem;25 margin-bottom: 1rem;26 }27 h1 {28 text-align: center;29 border-bottom: 3px solid #3498db;30 padding-bottom: 1rem;31 margin-bottom: 2rem;32 }33 .figure {34 margin: 2rem 0;35 padding: 1rem;36 border: 1px solid #ddd;37 border-radius: 8px;38 background: #f9f9f9;39 }40 .figure-caption {41 margin-top: 1rem;42 font-style: italic;43 text-align: center;44 color: #666;45 }46 .mermaid {47 background: white;48 padding: 1rem;49 border-radius: 4px;50 margin: 1rem 0;51 }52 .navigation {53 background: #ecf0f1;54 padding: 1rem;55 border-radius: 8px;56 margin: 2rem 0;57 text-align: center;58 }59 .navigation a {60 color: #3498db;61 text-decoration: none;62 margin: 0 1rem;63 font-weight: bold;64 }65 .navigation a:hover {66 text-decoration: underline;67 }68 .process-title {69 background: #3498db;70 color: white;71 padding: 0.5rem 1rem;72 border-radius: 4px;73 margin: 1rem 0;74 font-weight: bold;75 }76 </style>77</head>78<body>79 <div class="container">80 <h1>Chemistry Batch 12: Spectroscopy & Analysis</h1>81 82 <div class="navigation">83 <a href="index.html">← Back to Programming Framework</a>84 <a href="chemistry_index.html">← Back to Chemistry Index</a>85 </div>86 87 <div class="process-title">Process 1: UV-Vis Spectroscopy</div>88 <div class="figure">89 <div class="mermaid">90graph TD91 A1[Light Source] --> B1[UV-Vis Spectroscopy Method]92 C1[Sample Solution] --> D1[Wavelength Control]93 E1[Detector System] --> F1[Data Collection]94 95 B1 --> G1[Monochromator Setup]96 D1 --> H1[Wavelength Selection]97 F1 --> I1[Signal Processing]98 99 G1 --> J1[Light Dispersion]100 H1 --> K1[Wavelength Range]101 I1 --> L1[Absorbance Measurement]102 103 J1 --> M1[Light Transmission]104 K1 --> L1105 L1 --> N1[Electronic Transitions]106 107 M1 --> O1[Sample Irradiation]108 N1 --> P1[Absorption Process]109 O1 --> Q1[Spectroscopic Analysis]110 111 P1 --> R1[Absorbance Spectrum]112 Q1 --> S1[Peak Analysis]113 R1 --> T1[Concentration Determination]114 115 S1 --> U1[Beer's Law Analysis]116 T1 --> V1[Concentration Calculation]117 U1 --> W1[Spectroscopic Efficiency]118 119 V1 --> X1[Sample Characterization]120 W1 --> Y1[Process Optimization]121 X1 --> Z1[Final Absorption Spectrum]122 123 Y1 --> Z1124 125 style A1 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff126 style C1 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff127 style E1 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff128 129 style B1 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000130 style D1 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000131 style F1 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000132 style G1 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000133 style H1 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000134 style I1 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000135 style J1 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000136 style K1 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000137 style L1 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000138 139 style M1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff140 style N1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff141 style O1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff142 style P1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff143 style Q1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff144 style R1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff145 style S1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff146 style T1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff147 style U1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff148 style V1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff149 style W1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff150 style X1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff151 style Y1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff152 153 style Z1 fill:#b197fc,color:#fff154 </div>155 <div class="figure-caption">156 <strong>Figure 1.</strong> UV-Vis spectroscopy process showing electronic transitions, absorbance measurement, and concentration determination.157 </div>158 </div>159 160 <div class="process-title">Process 2: IR Spectroscopy</div>161 <div class="figure">162 <div class="mermaid">163graph TD164 A2[IR Radiation] --> B2[IR Spectroscopy Method]165 C2[Molecular Sample] --> D2[Wavelength Control]166 E2[Detector System] --> F2[Data Collection]167 168 B2 --> G2[IR Source Setup]169 D2 --> H2[Wavelength Selection]170 F2 --> I2[Signal Processing]171 172 G2 --> J2[Radiation Generation]173 H2 --> K2[Frequency Range]174 I2 --> L2[Transmittance Measurement]175 176 J2 --> M2[Radiation Transmission]177 K2 --> L2178 L2 --> N2[Molecular Vibrations]179 180 M2 --> O2[Sample Irradiation]181 N2 --> P2[Vibrational Absorption]182 O2 --> Q2[Spectroscopic Analysis]183 184 P2 --> R2[IR Spectrum]185 Q2 --> S2[Peak Assignment]186 R2 --> T2[Functional Group Analysis]187 188 S2 --> U2[Vibrational Analysis]189 T2 --> V2[Group Identification]190 U2 --> W2[Spectroscopic Efficiency]191 192 V2 --> X2[Molecular Characterization]193 W2 --> Y2[Process Optimization]194 X2 --> Z2[Final IR Spectrum]195 196 Y2 --> Z2197 198 style A2 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff199 style C2 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff200 style E2 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff201 202 style B2 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000203 style D2 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000204 style F2 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000205 style G2 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000206 style H2 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000207 style I2 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000208 style J2 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000209 style K2 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000210 style L2 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000211 212 style M2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff213 style N2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff214 style O2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff215 style P2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff216 style Q2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff217 style R2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff218 style S2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff219 style T2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff220 style U2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff221 style V2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff222 style W2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff223 style X2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff224 style Y2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff225 226 style Z2 fill:#b197fc,color:#fff227 </div>228 <div class="figure-caption">229 <strong>Figure 2.</strong> IR spectroscopy process illustrating molecular vibrations, functional group analysis, and molecular characterization.230 </div>231 </div>232 233 <div class="process-title">Process 3: NMR Spectroscopy</div>234 <div class="figure">235 <div class="mermaid">236graph TD237 A3[Magnetic Field] --> B3[NMR Spectroscopy Method]238 C3[Nuclear Sample] --> D3[Radiofrequency Control]239 E3[Detector System] --> F3[Data Collection]240 241 B3 --> G3[Magnet Setup]242 D3 --> H3[RF Pulse Control]243 F3 --> I3[Signal Processing]244 245 G3 --> J3[Field Alignment]246 H3 --> K3[Pulse Sequence]247 I3 --> L3[Free Induction Decay]248 249 J3 --> M3[Nuclear Alignment]250 K3 --> L3251 L3 --> N3[Nuclear Spin Transitions]252 253 M3 --> O3[Sample Irradiation]254 N3 --> P3[Spin Relaxation]255 O3 --> Q3[Spectroscopic Analysis]256 257 P3 --> R3[NMR Spectrum]258 Q3 --> S3[Chemical Shift Analysis]259 R3 --> T3[Molecular Structure]260 261 S3 --> U3[Spin Analysis]262 T3 --> V3[Structure Determination]263 U3 --> W3[Spectroscopic Efficiency]264 265 V3 --> X3[Molecular Characterization]266 W3 --> Y3[Process Optimization]267 X3 --> Z3[Final NMR Spectrum]268 269 Y3 --> Z3270 271 style A3 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff272 style C3 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff273 style E3 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff274 275 style B3 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000276 style D3 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000277 style F3 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000278 style G3 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000279 style H3 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000280 style I3 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000281 style J3 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000282 style K3 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000283 style L3 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000284 285 style M3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff286 style N3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff287 style O3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff288 style P3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff289 style Q3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff290 style R3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff291 style S3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff292 style T3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff293 style U3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff294 style V3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff295 style W3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff296 style X3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff297 style Y3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff298 299 style Z3 fill:#b197fc,color:#fff300 </div>301 <div class="figure-caption">302 <strong>Figure 3.</strong> NMR spectroscopy process showing nuclear spin transitions, chemical shift analysis, and molecular structure determination.303 </div>304 </div>305 306 <div class="process-title">Process 4: Mass Spectrometry</div>307 <div class="figure">308 <div class="mermaid">309graph TD310 A4[Sample Molecules] --> B4[Mass Spectrometry Method]311 C4[Ionization Source] --> D4[Mass Analyzer]312 E4[Detector System] --> F4[Data Collection]313 314 B4 --> G4[Sample Introduction]315 D4 --> H4[Mass Separation]316 F4 --> I4[Signal Processing]317 318 G4 --> J4[Sample Vaporization]319 H4 --> K4[Mass-to-Charge Ratio]320 I4 --> L4[Ion Detection]321 322 J4 --> M4[Molecular Ionization]323 K4 --> L4324 L4 --> N4[Ion Separation]325 326 M4 --> O4[Ion Formation]327 N4 --> P4[Mass Analysis]328 O4 --> Q4[Spectroscopic Analysis]329 330 P4 --> R4[Mass Spectrum]331 Q4 --> S4[Fragmentation Analysis]332 R4 --> T4[Molecular Weight]333 334 S4 --> U4[Fragmentation Pattern]335 T4 --> V4[Molecular Identification]336 U4 --> W4[Spectroscopic Efficiency]337 338 V4 --> X4[Molecular Characterization]339 W4 --> Y4[Process Optimization]340 X4 --> Z4[Final Mass Spectrum]341 342 Y4 --> Z4343 344 style A4 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff345 style C4 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff346 style E4 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff347 348 style B4 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000349 style D4 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000350 style F4 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000351 style G4 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000352 style H4 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000353 style I4 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000354 style J4 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000355 style K4 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000356 style L4 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000357 358 style M4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff359 style N4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff360 style O4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff361 style P4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff362 style Q4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff363 style R4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff364 style S4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff365 style T4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff366 style U4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff367 style V4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff368 style W4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff369 style X4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff370 style Y4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff371 372 style Z4 fill:#b197fc,color:#fff373 </div>374 <div class="figure-caption">375 <strong>Figure 4.</strong> Mass spectrometry process showing ionization, fragmentation, and molecular weight determination.376 </div>377 </div>378 379 <div class="process-title">Process 5: Chromatography</div>380 <div class="figure">381 <div class="mermaid">382graph TD383 A5[Sample Mixture] --> B5[Chromatography Method]384 C5[Stationary Phase] --> D5[Mobile Phase]385 E5[Detector System] --> F5[Data Collection]386 387 B5 --> G5[Column Preparation]388 D5 --> H5[Flow Control]389 F5 --> I5[Signal Processing]390 391 G5 --> J5[Column Packing]392 H5 --> K5[Flow Rate]393 I5 --> L5[Retention Time]394 395 J5 --> M5[Sample Injection]396 K5 --> L5397 L5 --> N5[Separation Process]398 399 M5 --> O5[Sample Loading]400 N5 --> P5[Chromatographic Separation]401 O5 --> Q5[Analytical Process]402 403 P5 --> R5[Chromatogram]404 Q5 --> S5[Peak Analysis]405 R5 --> T5[Component Separation]406 407 S5 --> U5[Retention Analysis]408 T5 --> V5[Component Identification]409 U5 --> W5[Chromatographic Efficiency]410 411 V5 --> X5[Sample Characterization]412 W5 --> Y5[Process Optimization]413 X5 --> Z5[Final Chromatogram]414 415 Y5 --> Z5416 417 style A5 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff418 style C5 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff419 style E5 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff420 421 style B5 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000422 style D5 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000423 style F5 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000424 style G5 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000425 style H5 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000426 style I5 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000427 style J5 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000428 style K5 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000429 style L5 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000430 431 style M5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff432 style N5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff433 style O5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff434 style P5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff435 style Q5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff436 style R5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff437 style S5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff438 style T5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff439 style U5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff440 style V5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff441 style W5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff442 style X5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff443 style Y5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff444 445 style Z5 fill:#b197fc,color:#fff446 </div>447 <div class="figure-caption">448 <strong>Figure 5.</strong> Chromatography process showing separation, retention analysis, and component identification.449 </div>450 </div>451 452 <div class="navigation">453 <a href="index.html">← Back to Programming Framework</a>454 <a href="chemistry_index.html">← Back to Chemistry Index</a>455 </div>456 457 <p style="margin-bottom: 0.5rem;"><strong>Gary Welz</strong></p>458 <p style="margin-bottom: 0.5rem;">Retired Faculty Member</p>459 <p style="margin-bottom: 0.5rem;">John Jay College, CUNY (Department of Mathematics and Computer Science)</p>460 <p style="margin-bottom: 0.5rem;">Borough of Manhattan Community College, CUNY</p>461 <p style="margin-bottom: 0.5rem;">CUNY Graduate Center (New Media Lab)</p>462 <p style="margin-bottom: 0.5rem;">Email: gwelz@jjay.cuny.edu</p>463 </div>464 465 <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mermaid/dist/mermaid.min.js"></script>466 <script>467 mermaid.initialize({ startOnLoad: true });468 </script>469</body>470</html>471