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1# This is copied from Magentic-one's great repo: https://github.com/microsoft/autogen/blob/v0.4.4/python/packages/autogen-magentic-one/src/autogen_magentic_one/markdown_browser/mdconvert.py2# Thanks to Microsoft researchers for open-sourcing this!3# type: ignore4import base645import copy6import html7import json8import mimetypes9import os10import re11import shutil12import subprocess13import sys14import tempfile15import traceback16from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Union17from urllib.parse import parse_qs, quote, unquote, urlparse, urlunparse18 19import mammoth20import markdownify21import pandas as pd22import pdfminer23import pdfminer.high_level24import pptx25 26# File-format detection27import puremagic28import pydub29import requests30import speech_recognition as sr31from bs4 import BeautifulSoup32from youtube_transcript_api import YouTubeTranscriptApi33from youtube_transcript_api.formatters import SRTFormatter34 35 36class _CustomMarkdownify(markdownify.MarkdownConverter):37    """38    A custom version of markdownify's MarkdownConverter. Changes include:39 40    - Altering the default heading style to use '#', '##', etc.41    - Removing javascript hyperlinks.42    - Truncating images with large data:uri sources.43    - Ensuring URIs are properly escaped, and do not conflict with Markdown syntax44    """45 46    def __init__(self, **options: Any):47        options["heading_style"] = options.get("heading_style", markdownify.ATX)48        # Explicitly cast options to the expected type if necessary49        super().__init__(**options)50 51    def convert_hn(self, n: int, el: Any, text: str, convert_as_inline: bool) -> str:52        """Same as usual, but be sure to start with a new line"""53        if not convert_as_inline:54            if not re.search(r"^\n", text):55                return "\n" + super().convert_hn(n, el, text, convert_as_inline)  # type: ignore56 57        return super().convert_hn(n, el, text, convert_as_inline)  # type: ignore58 59    def convert_a(self, el: Any, text: str, convert_as_inline: bool):60        """Same as usual converter, but removes Javascript links and escapes URIs."""61        prefix, suffix, text = markdownify.chomp(text)  # type: ignore62        if not text:63            return ""64        href = el.get("href")65        title = el.get("title")66 67        # Escape URIs and skip non-http or file schemes68        if href:69            try:70                parsed_url = urlparse(href)  # type: ignore71                if parsed_url.scheme and parsed_url.scheme.lower() not in ["http", "https", "file"]:  # type: ignore72                    return "%s%s%s" % (prefix, text, suffix)73                href = urlunparse(parsed_url._replace(path=quote(unquote(parsed_url.path))))  # type: ignore74            except ValueError:  # It's not clear if this ever gets thrown75                return "%s%s%s" % (prefix, text, suffix)76 77        # For the replacement see #29: text nodes underscores are escaped78        if (79            self.options["autolinks"]80            and text.replace(r"\_", "_") == href81            and not title82            and not self.options["default_title"]83        ):84            # Shortcut syntax85            return "<%s>" % href86        if self.options["default_title"] and not title:87            title = href88        title_part = ' "%s"' % title.replace('"', r"\"") if title else ""89        return "%s[%s](%s%s)%s" % (prefix, text, href, title_part, suffix) if href else text90 91    def convert_img(self, el: Any, text: str, convert_as_inline: bool) -> str:92        """Same as usual converter, but removes data URIs"""93 94        alt = el.attrs.get("alt", None) or ""95        src = el.attrs.get("src", None) or ""96        title = el.attrs.get("title", None) or ""97        title_part = ' "%s"' % title.replace('"', r"\"") if title else ""98        if convert_as_inline and el.parent.name not in self.options["keep_inline_images_in"]:99            return alt100 101        # Remove dataURIs102        if src.startswith("data:"):103            src = src.split(",")[0] + "..."104        # TODO options105        src="#"106        return "![%s](%s%s)" % (alt, src, title_part)107 108    def convert_soup(self, soup: Any) -> str:109        return super().convert_soup(soup)  # type: ignore110 111 112class DocumentConverterResult:113    """The result of converting a document to text."""114 115    def __init__(self, title: Union[str, None] = None, text_content: str = ""):116        self.title: Union[str, None] = title117        self.text_content: str = text_content118 119 120class DocumentConverter:121    """Abstract superclass of all DocumentConverters."""122 123    def convert(self, local_path: str, **kwargs: Any) -> Union[None, DocumentConverterResult]:124        raise NotImplementedError()125 126 127class PlainTextConverter(DocumentConverter):128    """Anything with content type text/plain"""129 130    def convert(self, local_path: str, **kwargs: Any) -> Union[None, DocumentConverterResult]:131        # Guess the content type from any file extension that might be around132        content_type, _ = mimetypes.guess_type("__placeholder" + kwargs.get("file_extension", ""))133 134        # Only accept text files135        if content_type is None:136            return None137        # elif "text/" not in content_type.lower():138        #     return None139 140        text_content = ""141        with open(local_path, "rt", encoding="utf-8") as fh:142            text_content = fh.read()143        return DocumentConverterResult(144            title=None,145            text_content=text_content,146        )147 148 149class HtmlConverter(DocumentConverter):150    """Anything with content type text/html"""151 152    def convert(self, local_path: str, **kwargs: Any) -> Union[None, DocumentConverterResult]:153        # Bail if not html154        extension = kwargs.get("file_extension", "")155        if extension.lower() not in [".html", ".htm"]:156            return None157 158        result = None159        with open(local_path, "rt", encoding="utf-8") as fh:160            result = self._convert(fh.read())161 162        return result163 164    def _convert(self, html_content: str) -> Union[None, DocumentConverterResult]:165        """Helper function that converts and HTML string."""166 167        # Parse the string168        soup = BeautifulSoup(html_content, "html.parser")169 170        # Remove javascript and style blocks171        for script in soup(["script", "style"]):172            script.extract()173 174        # Print only the main content175        body_elm = soup.find("body")176        webpage_text = ""177        if body_elm:178            webpage_text = _CustomMarkdownify().convert_soup(body_elm)179        else:180            webpage_text = _CustomMarkdownify().convert_soup(soup)181 182        assert isinstance(webpage_text, str)183 184        return DocumentConverterResult(185            title=None if soup.title is None else soup.title.string, text_content=webpage_text186        )187 188 189class WikipediaConverter(DocumentConverter):190    """Handle Wikipedia pages separately, focusing only on the main document content."""191 192    def convert(self, local_path: str, **kwargs: Any) -> Union[None, DocumentConverterResult]:193        # Bail if not Wikipedia194        extension = kwargs.get("file_extension", "")195        if extension.lower() not in [".html", ".htm"]:196            return None197        url = kwargs.get("url", "")198        if not re.search(r"^https?:\/\/[a-zA-Z]{2,3}\.wikipedia.org\/", url):199            return None200 201        # Parse the file202        soup = None203        with open(local_path, "rt", encoding="utf-8") as fh:204            soup = BeautifulSoup(fh.read(), "html.parser")205 206        # Remove javascript and style blocks207        for script in soup(["script", "style"]):208            script.extract()209 210        # Print only the main content211        body_elm = soup.find("div", {"id": "mw-content-text"})212        title_elm = soup.find("span", {"class": "mw-page-title-main"})213 214        webpage_text = ""215        main_title = None if soup.title is None else soup.title.string216 217        if body_elm:218            # What's the title219            if title_elm and len(title_elm) > 0:220                main_title = title_elm.string  # type: ignore221                assert isinstance(main_title, str)222 223            # Convert the page224            webpage_text = f"# {main_title}\n\n" + _CustomMarkdownify().convert_soup(body_elm)225        else:226            webpage_text = _CustomMarkdownify().convert_soup(soup)227 228        return DocumentConverterResult(229            title=main_title,230            text_content=webpage_text,231        )232 233 234class YouTubeConverter(DocumentConverter):235    """Handle YouTube specially, focusing on the video title, description, and transcript."""236 237    def convert(self, local_path: str, **kwargs: Any) -> Union[None, DocumentConverterResult]:238        # Bail if not YouTube239        extension = kwargs.get("file_extension", "")240        if extension.lower() not in [".html", ".htm"]:241            return None242        url = kwargs.get("url", "")243        if not url.startswith("https://www.youtube.com/watch?"):244            return None245 246        # Parse the file247        soup = None248        with open(local_path, "rt", encoding="utf-8") as fh:249            soup = BeautifulSoup(fh.read(), "html.parser")250 251        # Read the meta tags252        assert soup.title is not None and soup.title.string is not None253        metadata: Dict[str, str] = {"title": soup.title.string}254        for meta in soup(["meta"]):255            for a in meta.attrs:256                if a in ["itemprop", "property", "name"]:257                    metadata[meta[a]] = meta.get("content", "")258                    break259 260        # We can also try to read the full description. This is more prone to breaking, since it reaches into the page implementation261        try:262            for script in soup(["script"]):263                content = script.text264                if "ytInitialData" in content:265                    lines = re.split(r"\r?\n", content)266                    obj_start = lines[0].find("{")267                    obj_end = lines[0].rfind("}")268                    if obj_start >= 0 and obj_end >= 0:269                        data = json.loads(lines[0][obj_start : obj_end + 1])270                        attrdesc = self._findKey(data, "attributedDescriptionBodyText")  # type: ignore271                        if attrdesc:272                            metadata["description"] = str(attrdesc["content"])273                    break274        except Exception:275            pass276 277        # Start preparing the page278        webpage_text = "# YouTube\n"279 280        title = self._get(metadata, ["title", "og:title", "name"])  # type: ignore281        assert isinstance(title, str)282 283        if title:284            webpage_text += f"\n## {title}\n"285 286        stats = ""287        views = self._get(metadata, ["interactionCount"])  # type: ignore288        if views:289            stats += f"- **Views:** {views}\n"290 291        keywords = self._get(metadata, ["keywords"])  # type: ignore292        if keywords:293            stats += f"- **Keywords:** {keywords}\n"294 295        runtime = self._get(metadata, ["duration"])  # type: ignore296        if runtime:297            stats += f"- **Runtime:** {runtime}\n"298 299        if len(stats) > 0:300            webpage_text += f"\n### Video Metadata\n{stats}\n"301 302        description = self._get(metadata, ["description", "og:description"])  # type: ignore303        if description:304            webpage_text += f"\n### Description\n{description}\n"305 306        transcript_text = ""307        parsed_url = urlparse(url)  # type: ignore308        params = parse_qs(parsed_url.query)  # type: ignore309        if "v" in params:310            assert isinstance(params["v"][0], str)311            video_id = str(params["v"][0])312            try:313                # Must be a single transcript.314                transcript = YouTubeTranscriptApi.get_transcript(video_id)  # type: ignore315                # transcript_text = " ".join([part["text"] for part in transcript])  # type: ignore316                # Alternative formatting:317                transcript_text = SRTFormatter().format_transcript(transcript)318            except Exception:319                pass320        if transcript_text:321            webpage_text += f"\n### Transcript\n{transcript_text}\n"322 323        title = title if title else soup.title.string324        assert isinstance(title, str)325 326        return DocumentConverterResult(327            title=title,328            text_content=webpage_text,329        )330 331    def _get(self, metadata: Dict[str, str], keys: List[str], default: Union[str, None] = None) -> Union[str, None]:332        for k in keys:333            if k in metadata:334                return metadata[k]335        return default336 337    def _findKey(self, json: Any, key: str) -> Union[str, None]:  # TODO: Fix json type338        if isinstance(json, list):339            for elm in json:340                ret = self._findKey(elm, key)341                if ret is not None:342                    return ret343        elif isinstance(json, dict):344            for k in json:345                if k == key:346                    return json[k]347                else:348                    ret = self._findKey(json[k], key)349                    if ret is not None:350                        return ret351        return None352 353 354class PdfConverter(DocumentConverter):355    """356    Converts PDFs to Markdown. Most style information is ignored, so the results are essentially plain-text.357    """358 359    def convert(self, local_path, **kwargs) -> Union[None, DocumentConverterResult]:360        # Bail if not a PDF361        extension = kwargs.get("file_extension", "")362        if extension.lower() != ".pdf":363            return None364 365        return DocumentConverterResult(366            title=None,367            text_content=pdfminer.high_level.extract_text(local_path),368        )369 370 371class DocxConverter(HtmlConverter):372    """373    Converts DOCX files to Markdown. Style information (e.g.m headings) and tables are preserved where possible.374    """375 376    def convert(self, local_path, **kwargs) -> Union[None, DocumentConverterResult]:377        # Bail if not a DOCX378        extension = kwargs.get("file_extension", "")379        if extension.lower() != ".docx":380            return None381 382        result = None383        with open(local_path, "rb") as docx_file:384            result = mammoth.convert_to_html(docx_file)385            html_content = result.value386            result = self._convert(html_content)387 388        return result389 390 391class XlsxConverter(HtmlConverter):392    """393    Converts XLSX files to Markdown, with each sheet presented as a separate Markdown table.394    """395 396    def convert(self, local_path, **kwargs) -> Union[None, DocumentConverterResult]:397        # Bail if not a XLSX398        extension = kwargs.get("file_extension", "")399        if extension.lower() not in [".xlsx", ".xls"]:400            return None401 402        sheets = pd.read_excel(local_path, sheet_name=None)403        md_content = ""404        for s in sheets:405            md_content += f"## {s}\n"406            html_content = sheets[s].to_html(index=False)407            md_content += self._convert(html_content).text_content.strip() + "\n\n"408 409        return DocumentConverterResult(410            title=None,411            text_content=md_content.strip(),412        )413 414 415class PptxConverter(HtmlConverter):416    """417    Converts PPTX files to Markdown. Supports heading, tables and images with alt text.418    """419 420    def convert(self, local_path, **kwargs) -> Union[None, DocumentConverterResult]:421        # Bail if not a PPTX422        extension = kwargs.get("file_extension", "")423        if extension.lower() != ".pptx":424            return None425 426        md_content = ""427 428        presentation = pptx.Presentation(local_path)429        slide_num = 0430        for slide in presentation.slides:431            slide_num += 1432 433            md_content += f"\n\n<!-- Slide number: {slide_num} -->\n"434 435            title = slide.shapes.title436            for shape in slide.shapes:437                # Pictures438                if self._is_picture(shape):439                    # https://github.com/scanny/python-pptx/pull/512#issuecomment-1713100069440                    alt_text = ""441                    try:442                        alt_text = shape._element._nvXxPr.cNvPr.attrib.get("descr", "")443                    except Exception:444                        pass445 446                    # A placeholder name447                    filename = re.sub(r"\W", "", shape.name) + ".jpg"448                    md_content += "\n![" + (alt_text if alt_text else shape.name) + "](" + filename + ")\n"449 450                # Tables451                if self._is_table(shape):452                    html_table = "<html><body><table>"453                    first_row = True454                    for row in shape.table.rows:455                        html_table += "<tr>"456                        for cell in row.cells:457                            if first_row:458                                html_table += "<th>" + html.escape(cell.text) + "</th>"459                            else:460                                html_table += "<td>" + html.escape(cell.text) + "</td>"461                        html_table += "</tr>"462                        first_row = False463                    html_table += "</table></body></html>"464                    md_content += "\n" + self._convert(html_table).text_content.strip() + "\n"465 466                # Text areas467                elif shape.has_text_frame:468                    if shape == title:469                        md_content += "# " + shape.text.lstrip() + "\n"470                    else:471                        md_content += shape.text + "\n"472 473            md_content = md_content.strip()474 475            if slide.has_notes_slide:476                md_content += "\n\n### Notes:\n"477                notes_frame = slide.notes_slide.notes_text_frame478                if notes_frame is not None:479                    md_content += notes_frame.text480                md_content = md_content.strip()481 482        return DocumentConverterResult(483            title=None,484            text_content=md_content.strip(),485        )486 487    def _is_picture(self, shape):488        if shape.shape_type == pptx.enum.shapes.MSO_SHAPE_TYPE.PICTURE:489            return True490        if shape.shape_type == pptx.enum.shapes.MSO_SHAPE_TYPE.PLACEHOLDER:491            if hasattr(shape, "image"):492                return True493        return False494 495    def _is_table(self, shape):496        if shape.shape_type == pptx.enum.shapes.MSO_SHAPE_TYPE.TABLE:497            return True498        return False499 500 501class MediaConverter(DocumentConverter):502    """503    Abstract class for multi-modal media (e.g., images and audio)504    """505 506    def _get_metadata(self, local_path):507        exiftool = shutil.which("exiftool")508        if not exiftool:509            return None510        else:511            try:512                result = subprocess.run([exiftool, "-json", local_path], capture_output=True, text=True).stdout513                return json.loads(result)[0]514            except Exception:515                return None516 517 518class WavConverter(MediaConverter):519    """520    Converts WAV files to markdown via extraction of metadata (if `exiftool` is installed), and speech transcription (if `speech_recognition` is installed).521    """522 523    def convert(self, local_path, **kwargs) -> Union[None, DocumentConverterResult]:524        # Bail if not a XLSX525        extension = kwargs.get("file_extension", "")526        if extension.lower() != ".wav":527            return None528 529        md_content = ""530 531        # Add metadata532        metadata = self._get_metadata(local_path)533        if metadata:534            for f in [535                "Title",536                "Artist",537                "Author",538                "Band",539                "Album",540                "Genre",541                "Track",542                "DateTimeOriginal",543                "CreateDate",544                "Duration",545            ]:546                if f in metadata:547                    md_content += f"{f}: {metadata[f]}\n"548 549        # Transcribe550        try:551            transcript = self._transcribe_audio(local_path)552            md_content += "\n\n### Audio Transcript:\n" + ("[No speech detected]" if transcript == "" else transcript)553        except Exception:554            md_content += "\n\n### Audio Transcript:\nError. Could not transcribe this audio."555 556        return DocumentConverterResult(557            title=None,558            text_content=md_content.strip(),559        )560 561    def _transcribe_audio(self, local_path) -> str:562        recognizer = sr.Recognizer()563        with sr.AudioFile(local_path) as source:564            audio = recognizer.record(source)565            return recognizer.recognize_google(audio).strip()566 567 568class Mp3Converter(WavConverter):569    """570    Converts MP3 files to markdown via extraction of metadata (if `exiftool` is installed), and speech transcription (if `speech_recognition` AND `pydub` are installed).571    """572 573    def convert(self, local_path, **kwargs) -> Union[None, DocumentConverterResult]:574        # Bail if not a MP3575        extension = kwargs.get("file_extension", "")576        if extension.lower() != ".mp3":577            return None578 579        md_content = ""580 581        # Add metadata582        metadata = self._get_metadata(local_path)583        if metadata:584            for f in [585                "Title",586                "Artist",587                "Author",588                "Band",589                "Album",590                "Genre",591                "Track",592                "DateTimeOriginal",593                "CreateDate",594                "Duration",595            ]:596                if f in metadata:597                    md_content += f"{f}: {metadata[f]}\n"598 599        # Transcribe600        handle, temp_path = tempfile.mkstemp(suffix=".wav")601        os.close(handle)602        try:603            sound = pydub.AudioSegment.from_mp3(local_path)604            sound.export(temp_path, format="wav")605 606            _args = dict()607            _args.update(kwargs)608            _args["file_extension"] = ".wav"609 610            try:611                transcript = super()._transcribe_audio(temp_path).strip()612                md_content += "\n\n### Audio Transcript:\n" + (613                    "[No speech detected]" if transcript == "" else transcript614                )615            except Exception:616                md_content += "\n\n### Audio Transcript:\nError. Could not transcribe this audio."617 618        finally:619            os.unlink(temp_path)620 621        # Return the result622        return DocumentConverterResult(623            title=None,624            text_content=md_content.strip(),625        )626 627 628class ImageConverter(MediaConverter):629    """630    Converts images to markdown via extraction of metadata (if `exiftool` is installed), OCR (if `easyocr` is installed), and description via a multimodal LLM (if an mlm_client is configured).631    """632 633    def convert(self, local_path, **kwargs) -> Union[None, DocumentConverterResult]:634        # Bail if not a XLSX635        extension = kwargs.get("file_extension", "")636        if extension.lower() not in [".jpg", ".jpeg", ".png"]:637            return None638 639        md_content = ""640 641        # Add metadata642        metadata = self._get_metadata(local_path)643        if metadata:644            for f in [645                "ImageSize",646                "Title",647                "Caption",648                "Description",649                "Keywords",650                "Artist",651                "Author",652                "DateTimeOriginal",653                "CreateDate",654                "GPSPosition",655            ]:656                if f in metadata:657                    md_content += f"{f}: {metadata[f]}\n"658 659        # Try describing the image with GPTV660        mlm_client = kwargs.get("mlm_client")661        mlm_model = kwargs.get("mlm_model")662        if mlm_client is not None and mlm_model is not None:663            md_content += (664                "\n# Description:\n"665                + self._get_mlm_description(666                    local_path, extension, mlm_client, mlm_model, prompt=kwargs.get("mlm_prompt")667                ).strip()668                + "\n"669            )670 671        return DocumentConverterResult(672            title=None,673            text_content=md_content,674        )675 676    def _get_mlm_description(self, local_path, extension, client, model, prompt=None):677        if prompt is None or prompt.strip() == "":678            prompt = "Write a detailed caption for this image."679 680        sys.stderr.write(f"MLM Prompt:\n{prompt}\n")681 682        data_uri = ""683        with open(local_path, "rb") as image_file:684            content_type, encoding = mimetypes.guess_type("_dummy" + extension)685            if content_type is None:686                content_type = "image/jpeg"687            image_base64 = base64.b64encode(image_file.read()).decode("utf-8")688            data_uri = f"data:{content_type};base64,{image_base64}"689 690        messages = [691            {692                "role": "user",693                "content": [694                    {"type": "text", "text": prompt},695                    {696                        "type": "image_url",697                        "image_url": {698                            "url": data_uri,699                        },700                    },701                ],702            }703        ]704 705        response = client.chat.completions.create(model=model, messages=messages)706        return response.choices[0].message.content707 708 709class FileConversionException(BaseException):710    pass711 712 713class UnsupportedFormatException(BaseException):714    pass715 716 717class MarkdownConverter:718    """(In preview) An extremely simple text-based document reader, suitable for LLM use.719    This reader will convert common file-types or webpages to Markdown."""720 721    def __init__(722        self,723        requests_session: Optional[requests.Session] = None,724        mlm_client: Optional[Any] = None,725        mlm_model: Optional[Any] = None,726    ):727        if requests_session is None:728            self._requests_session = requests.Session()729        else:730            self._requests_session = requests_session731 732        self._mlm_client = mlm_client733        self._mlm_model = mlm_model734 735        self._page_converters: List[DocumentConverter] = []736 737        # Register converters for successful browsing operations738        # Later registrations are tried first / take higher priority than earlier registrations739        # To this end, the most specific converters should appear below the most generic converters740        self.register_page_converter(PlainTextConverter())741        self.register_page_converter(HtmlConverter())742        self.register_page_converter(WikipediaConverter())743        self.register_page_converter(YouTubeConverter())744        self.register_page_converter(DocxConverter())745        self.register_page_converter(XlsxConverter())746        self.register_page_converter(PptxConverter())747        self.register_page_converter(WavConverter())748        self.register_page_converter(Mp3Converter())749        self.register_page_converter(ImageConverter())750        self.register_page_converter(PdfConverter())751 752    def convert(753        self, source: Union[str, requests.Response], **kwargs: Any754    ) -> DocumentConverterResult:  # TODO: deal with kwargs755        """756        Args:757            - source: can be a string representing a path or url, or a requests.response object758            - extension: specifies the file extension to use when interpreting the file. If None, infer from source (path, uri, content-type, etc.)759        """760 761        # Local path or url762        if isinstance(source, str):763            if source.startswith("http://") or source.startswith("https://") or source.startswith("file://"):764                return self.convert_url(source, **kwargs)765            else:766                return self.convert_local(source, **kwargs)767        # Request response768        elif isinstance(source, requests.Response):769            return self.convert_response(source, **kwargs)770 771    def convert_local(self, path: str, **kwargs: Any) -> DocumentConverterResult:  # TODO: deal with kwargs772        # Prepare a list of extensions to try (in order of priority)773        ext = kwargs.get("file_extension")774        extensions = [ext] if ext is not None else []775 776        # Get extension alternatives from the path and puremagic777        base, ext = os.path.splitext(path)778        self._append_ext(extensions, ext)779        self._append_ext(extensions, self._guess_ext_magic(path))780 781        # Convert782        return self._convert(path, extensions, **kwargs)783 784    # TODO what should stream's type be?785    def convert_stream(self, stream: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> DocumentConverterResult:  # TODO: deal with kwargs786        # Prepare a list of extensions to try (in order of priority)787        ext = kwargs.get("file_extension")788        extensions = [ext] if ext is not None else []789 790        # Save the file locally to a temporary file. It will be deleted before this method exits791        handle, temp_path = tempfile.mkstemp()792        fh = os.fdopen(handle, "wb")793        result = None794        try:795            # Write to the temporary file796            content = stream.read()797            if isinstance(content, str):798                fh.write(content.encode("utf-8"))799            else:800                fh.write(content)801            fh.close()802 803            # Use puremagic to check for more extension options804            self._append_ext(extensions, self._guess_ext_magic(temp_path))805 806            # Convert807            result = self._convert(temp_path, extensions, **kwargs)808        # Clean up809        finally:810            try:811                fh.close()812            except Exception:813                pass814            os.unlink(temp_path)815 816        return result817 818    def convert_url(self, url: str, **kwargs: Any) -> DocumentConverterResult:  # TODO: fix kwargs type819        # Send a HTTP request to the URL820        user_agent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/119.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/119.0.0.0"821        response = self._requests_session.get(url, stream=True, headers={"User-Agent": user_agent})822        response.raise_for_status()823        return self.convert_response(response, **kwargs)824 825    def convert_response(826        self, response: requests.Response, **kwargs: Any827    ) -> DocumentConverterResult:  # TODO fix kwargs type828        # Prepare a list of extensions to try (in order of priority)829        ext = kwargs.get("file_extension")830        extensions = [ext] if ext is not None else []831 832        # Guess from the mimetype833        content_type = response.headers.get("content-type", "").split(";")[0]834        self._append_ext(extensions, mimetypes.guess_extension(content_type))835 836        # Read the content disposition if there is one837        content_disposition = response.headers.get("content-disposition", "")838        m = re.search(r"filename=([^;]+)", content_disposition)839        if m:840            base, ext = os.path.splitext(m.group(1).strip("\"'"))841            self._append_ext(extensions, ext)842 843        # Read from the extension from the path844        base, ext = os.path.splitext(urlparse(response.url).path)845        self._append_ext(extensions, ext)846 847        # Save the file locally to a temporary file. It will be deleted before this method exits848        handle, temp_path = tempfile.mkstemp()849        fh = os.fdopen(handle, "wb")850        result = None851        try:852            # Download the file853            for chunk in response.iter_content(chunk_size=512):854                fh.write(chunk)855            fh.close()856 857            # Use puremagic to check for more extension options858            self._append_ext(extensions, self._guess_ext_magic(temp_path))859 860            # Convert861            result = self._convert(temp_path, extensions, url=response.url)862        except Exception as e:863            print(f"Error in converting: {e}")864 865        # Clean up866        finally:867            try:868                fh.close()869            except Exception:870                pass871            os.unlink(temp_path)872 873        return result874 875    def _convert(self, local_path: str, extensions: List[Union[str, None]], **kwargs) -> DocumentConverterResult:876        error_trace = ""877        for ext in extensions + [None]:  # Try last with no extension878            for converter in self._page_converters:879                _kwargs = copy.deepcopy(kwargs)880 881                # Overwrite file_extension appropriately882                if ext is None:883                    if "file_extension" in _kwargs:884                        del _kwargs["file_extension"]885                else:886                    _kwargs.update({"file_extension": ext})887 888                # Copy any additional global options889                if "mlm_client" not in _kwargs and self._mlm_client is not None:890                    _kwargs["mlm_client"] = self._mlm_client891 892                if "mlm_model" not in _kwargs and self._mlm_model is not None:893                    _kwargs["mlm_model"] = self._mlm_model894 895                # If we hit an error log it and keep trying896                try:897                    res = converter.convert(local_path, **_kwargs)898                except Exception:899                    error_trace = ("\n\n" + traceback.format_exc()).strip()900 901                if res is not None:902                    # Normalize the content903                    res.text_content = "\n".join([line.rstrip() for line in re.split(r"\r?\n", res.text_content)])904                    res.text_content = re.sub(r"\n{3,}", "\n\n", res.text_content)905 906                    # Todo907                    return res908 909        # If we got this far without success, report any exceptions910        if len(error_trace) > 0:911            raise FileConversionException(912                f"Could not convert '{local_path}' to Markdown. File type was recognized as {extensions}. While converting the file, the following error was encountered:\n\n{error_trace}"913            )914 915        # Nothing can handle it!916        raise UnsupportedFormatException(917            f"Could not convert '{local_path}' to Markdown. The formats {extensions} are not supported."918        )919 920    def _append_ext(self, extensions, ext):921        """Append a unique non-None, non-empty extension to a list of extensions."""922        if ext is None:923            return924        ext = ext.strip()925        if ext == "":926            return927        # if ext not in extensions:928        if True:929            extensions.append(ext)930 931    def _guess_ext_magic(self, path):932        """Use puremagic (a Python implementation of libmagic) to guess a file's extension based on the first few bytes."""933        # Use puremagic to guess934        try:935            guesses = puremagic.magic_file(path)936            if len(guesses) > 0:937                ext = guesses[0].extension.strip()938                if len(ext) > 0:939                    return ext940        except FileNotFoundError:941            pass942        except IsADirectoryError:943            pass944        except PermissionError:945            pass946        return None947 948    def register_page_converter(self, converter: DocumentConverter) -> None:949        """Register a page text converter."""950        self._page_converters.insert(0, converter)951